EU Project, 2020 “The best in Nature” Poznan University of life Science, Poland

Dobry wieczor

Good evening C. Hanny Wijaya Department of Food Science and Technology , Selamat malam Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University) Dzieo dobranoc

• Name: Prof. Dr. Ir. C. Hanny Wijaya, M. Agr • Occupation: Lecturer at Food Science and Technology Departement, IPB • Position : Head of Food Chemistry Department • Education : S3—Agricultural Chemistry, Hokkaido University, Japan • Expertise : Flavor and Functional Foods • Address: Taman Cibalagung Blok N No. 10 Pancasan, Bogor, Indonesia • Email: – [email protected] – [email protected]. • Professional Organization: – President of Indonesian Association of Flavor and Fragrance – Chairperson of Indonesian Society of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

H-index : 22 (Scopus 11) Citation : 2166

Module: Traditional, ethnic and oriental food technology

Tue 16 March Introduction: Exploring the students’ interest (16.00-18.15)

Wed 24 March Indonesian traditional foods and their update (16.00-18.15)

Wed 31 March

(16.00-18.15)

Wed 7 April (16.00-18.15)

Wed 14 April (16.00-18.15) Module: Traditional, ethnic and oriental food technology

Wed 21 April (16.00-18.15)

Wed 28 April Indonesian local functional drinks and a novel (16.00-18.15) product creation derived from the local sources and local wisdom (2) Tue 4 May

(16.00-18.15) Students Task: Report Presentation

Tue 5 May Functional candy developments : (16.45-18.15) Lesson learned on Cajuputs Candy

Tue 11 May Student Task : Report Presentation (16.00-18.15) Module: Traditional, ethnic and oriental food technology

Tue 12 May Problem Base Learning (16.00-18.15) Tue 25 May Simulation : Products exploration and product (16.00-18.15) mapping (group activity) Tue 1 June Unique local potential functional ingredient (16.00-18.15) called “Andaliman” Tue 7 June (11.00-14.45) Products exploration and product mapping Tue 8 June Antiplatelet Aggregation Activity of Selected (16.00-18.15) Bioactive Substances Derived from , Fruits and Vegetables Tue 14 June Coconut Power (11.00-14.45) Departement of Food and Tropical Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Biopharmaca Technology Research Center

What is “Djamoe”?

C. Hanny Wijaya

Presented as Module of Traditional, Ethnic and Oriental Food for Human Health, Poznan University of Life Science, June 3th, 2020, Poland-Indonesia (online lecture)

• -based type: “wedang jahe”, “”, “”, “sarabba” • Natural sources: coconut water, piper betle decoction , corriander decoction, “wedang jeruk nipis” (local-lemon juice), juice, “secang” tea, ylang-ylang tea

• type: “beras kencur”, “kunir asam”, “galian singset”, “sari temulawak” Indonesian Traditional Drinks

Wedang Secang Wedang Jahe

Kunyit Asem

Beras Kencur Cincau Hijau Jamu, Indonesian traditional functional drink from and spices

Jahe Kunyit Kencur (Zingiber Officinale L.) (Curcuma longa Linn) (Kaempfaria galanga)

Gingerol, shogaols, paradols, etc. Calebin A, quercetin, vanillin, etc. 1,8-cineol, α-fenchyl acetate, β-farnesene, etc

• “Jamu” type

Beras Kencur

Kunyit Asam Introduction

Traditional Chinese Djamoe Ayuverda Medicine (Jamu)

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Indonesian Jamu

Javanese herbal medicines JAMU

is a unique system of traditional herbal medicine that can be taken fresh every day for both disease prevention and treatment of health problems has been practiced for many centuries in Indonesian community to maintain healthiness & to treat diseases 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Jamu Jamu is an Indonesian traditional medicine used for generations. Jamu usually taste bitter with unpleasant aroma , however a lot of people believing in its health efficacies (NADFC/BPOM, 2005).

Made from natural ingredients. In the form of parts of such as (roots), leaves, bark, and fruit. Often chicken egg yolk and honey are also used for the addition of a mixture of herbal carrying. There are even added with wine to reduce the bitter taste and also warm the body.

Jamu recipes were passed down orally, some special ones were even immortalized in songs and chants, such as those found in Serat Centini (A. Sumardono and M. Hanusz, 2007) 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Jamu culture is most prevalent in Java prevailing in Javanese royal courts of Yogyakarta and Surakarta • Originated in Medang Mataram Kingdom era, some 1300 years ago-----Liyangan archaeological site on the slope of Mount Sundoro, Central Java. • The reliefs on Borobudur depicts the image of people ground something with stone mortar and pestle, drink seller, physician and masseuse treating their clients. The famed beauty of putri PT. Mustika Ratu and PT. Martina kraton (princess and palace Bertho founded by women from Central ladies) are owed to jamu Java with important links to the Javanese and lulur (traditional lotion) ----- palace .Traditional Javanese knowledge of healthcare, medicinal plants and the art of the ancient books on herbal making Jamu transmitted exclusively medicine prescribes to royalties is within the Kraton and the royal family. kept in royal library. 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Jamu-type Functional Drinks Traditionally divided as : Bitter Type Sweet Type

contains ingredients tend to be used as with peculiar property, “threat-drink” in order to such as pegal linu mask the bitter after (stiffness-relief) and taste, i.e. beras kencur galian singset (body and kunyit /kunir asam shape-purpose)

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 The Roles of jamu

• Healing • Health Maintenance and  Uric acid Beauty Care  Galian singset (body-shape)  Diabetic  Anti-inflammation  Sore-throat  Anti–oxidant  Cough  Skin radiance  Rheumatic  Anti-insomnia  Kidney stone  Deodorant  Malaria  Appetite control  Jaundice  Tonic  Diarrhea  Increase sexual quality  Etc.  Menstruation pain relief

 Detoxification  etc.

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Jamu Update

Jamu seller in Yogyakarta c.a.1910

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Serving Jamu

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Jamu stalls

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Jamu Café

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Technology implementation

Sachet Capsule

Candy Complete package 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Transformation of Appearances

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Liquid products Dried forms Jamu GOES to Hotels

Freshly preparing service

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Jamu GOES TO AIRPORT LOUNGE JAMU GOES TO MEETINGS

“Cheering” (geonbe) with jamu

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Newspapers

Television Program

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 “Jamu” National Day Declaration

May, 2008

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018

Challenges in Jamu

• Over-claimed 1

• Limited Scientific Approves 2

• Fluctuation in Quality 3

• Second Class Image –lower income society 4

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Scientific Approaches

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Also available :

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018

Example: Java tea-based functional drink

• Idea: Indonesian jamu with standardization health function and convenient flavor. Has been patented and commercialization Java Tea Based Functional Drink

Antioxidant activity 600-700 ppm AEAC and antihyperglycemic activity 75%

Java Tea Leaves Ginger Keffir Lime

Java Tea Based Functional Drink is formulated drink from 7 Indonesian herbs-spices that give high antioxidant activities and antihyperglichemic activities and acceptable flavor. Sappan woods Lime Lemon Standardization Policy and Direction of Natural Ingredient Medicines Development in Indonesia

OBAT HERBAL JAMU FITOMARMAKA TERSTANDAR

• Therapeutic effects • Efficacy has to be proved in • Clinical trials have to be pre-clinical trials and requires supported by standardization on actives empirical trials ingredients

Industrialization of Traditional Drinks

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Jamu-base Functional Drinks with the Labeling

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Trend of Herbal Drinks Involvement of Medium-Big Company Jokowi’s jamu

• https://youtu.be/Mg5GBtEvmQI Hundreds of herbs for jamu prescriptions • Rhizomes: • Leaves, stalks & – Bengle (Zingiber brevifolium) – Ginger (Zingiber officinale) trunks: – Aromatic (Kaempferia – Brotowali or bratawali (Tinospora crispa or S galanga) Tinospora tuberculata rumphii) – Sambang Darah (Excoecaria O – Turmeric (Curcuma domestica) cochinchinensis or Excoecaria M – Greater Galangal () – Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan) E – Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) – Lemongrass ( citratus), etc. – Temu Kunci ( rotunda) – Lempuyang (Zingiber zerumbet or A Zingiber aromaticum), etc • Fruits & Flowers R – Cutleaf ground cherry E • Seeds&Barks (Physalis angulata) – Key lime (Citrus – Adas aurantifolia Swingle) (Foeniculum – Nyamplung or kosambi vulgare Mill) (Calophyllum – inophyllum) (Cinnamomum – Ylang ylang (Cananga burmannii),etc odorata) – Jasmine (Jasminum sambac), etc. 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018

According to the National Agency of Drug and Food Control (NADFC/BPOM), 283 species have been officially registered for their medicinal usage Most frequently used plants in jamu : Species belonging to the family such as Curcuma, Zingiber, Kaempferia Curcumin and Nine priority plants used in Jamu systematic panduratin are and comprehensively researched by BPOM: typical examples of  ginger (Z. officinale) and sambiloto (king of bioactive secondary bitter) (A. paniculata) as antineoplasmatics metabolites.  turmeric (C. domestica), Java turmeric (C. xanthorrhiza) and jati Belanda (bay cedar) Biological activity of the common (G. ulmifolia) as antihyperlipidemics; Java plants utilized in jamu: • noni (M. citrifolia), Indonesian bay-leaf Anticancer • (Syzygium polyanthum) Antiviral • Antimalarial and antiparasitic  guava (Psidium guajava) as antiviral • Anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic,  cabai Jawa (Javanese ) (piper antipyretic and analgesic retrofractum) as androgenic • Hepatoprotective • Antidiabetic • Antimicrobial and antifungal (Elfahmi et al, 2014) 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st,• 2018others Jamu Kunyit Asam (Tamarind and TURmeric)

Claims---8 Benefits • Inducing Skin’s Radiance Most Popular Jamu • Burning Fat (slimming effect) Drink in Indonesia • Slowing Aging Process • Eliminate Body Odor. Other source’s claim ---35 Benefits for Health, related to skin : 1. Relieves skin infection due to heat or sun burn – anti- inflammation effect of turmeric 2. Detoxification 3. Brighten the skin 7. Avoid early aging 25. Healing burn scares 29. Maintaining the natural beauty of skin

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 https://www.khasiatsehat.com/khasiat-dan-manfaat-kunyit-asam/ TURMERIC (Cucurma longa Linn, syn Curcuma domestica Val) for SKIN

The polar extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa) has an inhibitory effect against the growth of S. aureus and Pseudomonas sp.(Pangemanan, 2016) https://draxe.co m/turmeric- Utilized in “lulur” benefits/ and “mangir” ICOFF 2018, Busan 27-29, Korea Turmeric FOR SKIN (Continuation)

Spices and medicinal plants of the Southeast Asian region usage as a complement to cooking spices or herbs to maintain health and beauty. The mixture of grated rhizome Turmeric wound with tamarind and alum -- healing activity healing the wound towards incision on wound model of adult swiss-webster male The paste of turmeric mice reported by flower --to cure the skin Derrick and Budiman disease and gonorrhea (Hartati, (2017) 2013) Extract of turmeric effectively 5 to 10% of turmeric ethanol 96% accelerated the wound healing of extract -- to accelerate the wound diabetic patient. The activity ethyl healing. The activity positive acetate> hexane> water fraction correlated with the concentration (Wintarsih, 2007) (Ningtyas, 2017) Ginger (Zingiber Officinale L.) for skin Claims on Benefits of Ginger for Facial Skin • Reduces the Face Oil • Clear Bruises and Scars • Eliminate Eyes Bag • Lifting Dead Skin Cells • Relieve Acne • Lighten age spots • Prevent Premature Aging • Increase Skin Radiance • Promote smoothness and Evenness of skin tone • Fight skin damaging by free radicals

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Ginger FOR SKIN (Continuation)

Antioxidant.Gingerol and Anti-acne. Zingiberene, zingiberon known as potent zingiberol, bisabolene, antioxidant (stronger than vit gingerol, filandrene E) by inactivated Reactive inhibited acne. Oxygen Species (Kikuzaki and Gingerol and zingiberase Nakatani, 1993) enzyme reduce the Anti-inflammation. Water inflammation and itching. extract of ginger inhibited the Antimicrobes worked as activities on cyclooxygenase anticeptic (Acne study and and lipoxygenase to reduce the research center, 2016) prostaglandin and leucotriene

(Hapsoh dkk, 2010)

Accelerate the skin Anti-fungal activities againts candida albicans and regeneration microsporum gypsium (Afrida et al., 1993), (Winarto, 2007). Trichophyton violaceum (Sudarsono et al., 1996) trichophyton mentagrophytes and cryptococcus

neoformans (Gholib, 2008) 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Family of Zingiberaceae

Temu rapet (Kaempferia Lempuyang rotunda L.) Jahe-ginger (Zingiber (Zingiber zerumbet) officinale)

Temulawak- for Lengkuas- Java Turmeric spices and jamu Shell Ginger (Curcuma (Alpinia xanthorrhiza) ingredients— zerumbet) including cosmetics Temu Kunci- Fingerroot purposes Kencur (Kaempferia (Boesenbergia galanga L.) rotunda) Temu Temu giring mangga --(Curcuma (Curcuma heyneana) mangga Val.van Zip.)

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Activities Application antimutagenic, antitumour, Known also as antibacterial, Kaempferia antifungal, analgesic, antipyretic, antispasmodic, Pandurata anti-inflammatory and Well-known insecticidal cooking activities (Cheenpracha et al., and vegetable. 2005).

Active Compounds Research Results pinostrobin , pinocembrin , cardamonin , alpinetin and Extract ethanol reduced Boesenbergin A (Jaipetch et the incident and al., 1982; Mongkolsuk et al., multiplicity of mouse skin 1964) panduratin A and cancer induce by UV Rubranine(Tuntiwachwuttiku (Listayawati dkk, 2012) l et al.1984)(-) isopanduratin A2 and (±) A1 (Win et al. 2007)

Antimicrobe Whitening effect The essential oil could ihhibit Bacillus aureus by causing panduratin A and C leakage and alter the also isopanduratin A morphology of the bacteria. showed inhibitory (Miksusanti,2009). Inhibited the growth of effect in melanogenesis Staphylococcus biosynthesis and tryrosina- epidermidis and Serratia se activity (Chahyadi et al, marcescens on Muller Hinton 2014) media.(Arif, 2018)

Anti-angiogenesis Cultivation The difference altitude of Extract in n-hexane, ethyl cultivation did not alter acetate or pinostrobin the major component of showed the anti essential oils, however, angiogenesis activity effecting the through bFGF pathway concentration of each (Pratomo, 2014) component.(Arniputri et al, 2007) 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Whitening Application

The depigmentation Skin-lightening activity of Zingiber cosmeceutical products zerumbet’s extracts were recently have been reported (Zanariah et al., 2005). developed (Rozanida Addition of the extract et al., 2005) decreased melanogenesis ) in a dose-dependent manner

Tyrosinase inhibition Anti-inflammatory Aqueous and ethanol of Zingiber aromaticum Valeton extract of Zingiber zerumbet exhibited no direct tyrosinase at the doses of 25–100 inhibitory effect but caused a mg/kg, against decrease in tyrosinase prostaglandinE2-(PGE2-) production, which is induced paw edema melanogenesis on account of (Nhareet et al., 2003) inhibition of the expression of tyrosinase gene.13

Anti-mycotic Application Inhibited Trychophyton The rhizome mixed with oil mentagrophytes and is used externally for Cryptococcus healing wounds (Ravindran, 2012) its extract is useful to neoformans ,Fungi relieve irritation causing mycotic produced by stinging dermatities (Gholib, caterpillars (Preetha et al, 2009) 2016)

Volatiles and Active Anti-dandruff Compounds A lotion prepared from ethyl cinnamate (25 %), the rhizome is used to ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (30 %) and p- remove dandruff or methoxycinnamic acid and scales from the head a monoterpene ketone (Duke, 2003). compound, 3-carene-5-one, etc. Jamu For Skin?

ICOFF 2018, Busan 27-29, Korea Jamu for acne remedy Drink for maintaining skin healthiness and smoothing the 30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 skin

Jamu Chocolate

• https://youtu.be/PFSOSbt1Yyw

Preparation and Usage of Djamoe Potion

Jamu preparation might be including: roasting, burning, bitten, frying, refining (by crushing, shredded, pounding), drying, steaming, and soaking.

Jamu is a combination of herbal/spices concoctions made into digestive tonics, elixirs for body scrub lotions, massage treatments and aspects of traditional folklore

The usage of Jamu potion is not only for internal purpose but also external usage such as mangir, lulur (elixirs for body massage and scrub) and masker.

More impact for skin care ICOFF 2018, Busan 27-29, Korea Mangir and facial

 Mangir is a natural herbal-spices cosmetic powder consisting ingredients are typically used in jamu for preserving the beauty of human skin. This treatment has been used as beauty care for the Javanese and Balinese royal princess in the ancient time, however, nowadays are available for commoners as well.

Mangir’s ingredients might be varied, some signature ingredients are: • Turmeric --- natural antioxidant avoid skin cell damage, smoothing, maintaining elasticity, avoid acne, spot and dead skin removal In the previous days, mangir was only • Temu giring (Curcuma heyneana)--- glowing the skin, available in powder type, therefore a smoothing and solving skin problem such as itching little amount of water to be added , stirred it thoroughly to become a • Sandalwood--- soothing prickly heating and perfumer pasta and then it ready to be used. • Vetiver ---perfumer, deodorant, reducing skin oil and Recently mangir available in several antimicrobes different form i.e. lotion, lulur scrub, soap, masker, etc. ICOFF 2018, Busan 27-29, Korea LULUR

Lulur treatments have been enjoyed by royal princesses centuries ago, before Indonesian independence, particularly in Java and Bali. This treatment is believed as the best method to maintaining health and skin beauty. Lulur steps: applied the lulur paste to the body, left half dry, then rubbed with palms so the dead skin will be lifted and pores will be opened and the skin can breathe. Lulur is very useful for skin regeneration in the body.

Before the wedding, Javanese brides performed daily liturgical rituals for 40 days in a row including ” luluran”

ICOFF 2018, Busan 27-29, Korea Masker

The mangir facial masker is highly recommended for those with oily and acne prone skin, thus making it suitable for teenagers and those inflicted with acne

ICOFF 2018, Busan 27-29, Korea

30th Workshop, Tokyo, December 1st, 2018 Acknowledgements: Dr. Maciej Kuligowski Dr. Katarzyna

Terimakasih Thank you

ICOFF 2018, Busan 27-29, Korea