2.5.5.2 Description of Selected System ( Activated Sludge Process)------MB2-51 2.5.5.3 Site of Treatment Plant------MB2-54 2.5.6 Effluent Disposal------MB2-55 2.6 Operation and Maintenance Procedures------MB2-57 2.6.1 General------MB2-57 2.6.2 Sewerage System------MB2-58 2.6.3 Treatment Facilities------MB2-59 2.7 Preliminary Cost Estimation------MB2-60 2.7.1 Basic Assumptions and Unit Costs------MB2-60 2.7.2 Investment Costs------MB2-61 2.7.3 Operation and Maintenance Costs------MB2-63 2.8 Economic and Financial Analysis------MB2-64 2.8.1 Socio-Economic Conditions------MB2-64 2.8.2 Economic and Financial Analysis------MB2-65 2.8.3 Preparation of Projected Financial Statements------MB2-68 2.9 Preliminary Implementation Plan------MB2-71 2.10 IEE for the Wadi Wastewater Treatment Plant------MB2-71 2.10.1 Project Components and Activities------MB2-71 2.10.2 Environmental Examination Matrix------MB2-73 2.10.3 Rational of Environmental Impacts Screening------MB2-74 2.10.3.1 Social Environmental Factors------MB2-74 2.10.3.2 Natural Environmental Factors------MB2-76 2.10.3.3 Environmental Pollution------MB2-78 2.10.4 Consideration on Impacts Mitigation------MB2-79 2.11 Project Evaluation------MB2-80 2.11.1 Economic and Financial Evaluation------MB2-80 2.11.2 Environmental Evaluation------MB2-81

Chapter 3 National Water Control System 3.1 Basic Conditions------MB3-1 3.2 Current Situation of Control System------MB3-4 3.3 Description of the System------MB3-8 3.3.1 Main Control Center------MB3-8 3.3.2 Sub-Center------MB3-11 3.3.3 Equipment for the Centers------MB3-19 3.4 Control Points for the System------MB3-22 3.5 Implementation Plan------MB3-27 3.6 Cost Estimate------MB3-28 3.7 Economic and Financial Analysis------MB3-29 3.7.1 Socio-Economic Conditions------MB3-29 3.7.2 Economic and Financial Analysis------MB3-29 3.7.3 Preparation of Project Financial Statements------MB3-34 3.8 Project Evaluation------MB3-36

Chapter 4 Municipal Water Network Rehabilitation 4.1 Basic Conditions------MB4-1 4.2 Current Situation of Water Supply in the Study Area------MB4-6 4.3 Examination of Physical Loss------MB4-6

v

CHAPTER 3 NATIONAL WATER CONTROL SYSTEM

The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

CHAPTER 3 NATIONAL WATER CONTROL SYSTEM

3.1 Basic Conditions

(1) Purpose of System Introduction

National Water Control System (hereinafter referred to as “NWCS”) shall be established in order to realize an efficient distribution of limited water resources in Jordan through integrated operation and maintenance of water supply facilities located throughout the country

Computerized supervision and control system will be employed in Main Control Center at WAJ headquarters in and Sub-Center at WAJ office in each Governorate to enable “efficient usage of water resources” or “reciprocal utilization among water supply facilities.”

A stable water supply, reliable water quality, and the efficient management of water facilities can all be realized through this system.

(2) Scope of Pre-feasibility Study

The pre-feasibility study shall be conducted for the establishment of the Main Control Center in Amman and Sub-Center in 12 Governorates with SCADA system between control points and the Centers.

(3) System Outline

The system will consist of Main Control Center controlling water production and water supply related to inter-Governorate transfer lines and Sub-Center controlling water production and water supply in each Governorate with SCADA system.

The main functions of each facility are described in Table 3.1.1 and the conceptual figure for the whole system is shown in Fig.3.1.1-1.

MB3 - 1 The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

Table 3.1.1-1 System Outline of National Water Control System Place to be Facility for NWCS Main Functions established Main Control Center WAJ head office Computerized supervisory and control system shall be installed in the Main Control Center. - To enable centralized supervision of water supply facilities related to the inter-Governorate water transfer. - To support the formulation of an optimum water allocation plan to the related Governorates, including daily water demand forecasts, optimum water transmission, and simulated action planning for emergency scenarios. Sub-Center WAJ office in each Computerized supervisory and control Governorate system shall be installed in the Sub-Center. - To enable centralized supervision of water supply facilities in .the Governorate. - To support the formulation of an optimum water supply plan in the Governorate, including daily water demand forecasts, optimum water distribution, and simulated action planning for emergency scenarios. - To develop a database for operation and maintenance records of existing water supply facilities, including transmission and distribution pipeline drawings and to execute efficient operation and maintenance for water supply facilities. SCADA System From control points SCADA system for data acquisition and to the Centers transmission from control points (pump stations, wells, reservoirs, etc.) to the above Centers shall be established.

MB3 - 2

Computerized Supervisory & Control System for NWCS NWCS: National Water Control System

Main Control Center Large Screen Projector (future) Web Mail Database PC Terminals Voice Alarm Water Supply Facility Management Server Server Server Printer (Web client, Mail client) System Support System Support System

Drive AMP

LAN The Study on Water Resources Management in Hashemite Kingdom of Jord

Fire Wall Routers

Router

INTERNET Leased Lines Draft Final

Router MCC-1 Router MCC-２ Router MCC-3 Router MCC-13

ＬＡＮ ＬＡＮ MB3 RTU Report

DEC Terminal SERVER Screen SCADASystem Amman Sub-Center at Flow Control Station (FCS) Printer Modem Router Sub-Center ×2 ×6 (future) Sub-Center SCADASystem

- Web Mail Water Distribution Facility Management at Dirar Control Center of JVA

3 Support System Server Server Management System /Main Report Part MA’AN PC Terminal Printer Fire Wall Sub-Center

Sub-Center

TCC Network TAFILAH ＬＡＮ South Communication Network Sub-Center Sub-Center North Communication Network Voice Alarm System Database Server KARAK Sub-Center Sub-Center AMP

ＬＡＮ ZARQA Sub-Center Sub-Center Routers - B Leased Lines “ Pre -

Router AM-1 Router AM-2 Router AM-14 Feasibility Study

RTU (Remote Terminal Units)

Fig.3.1.1-1 Conceptual Drawing for Computerized Supervisory System for NWCS an

”

The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

3.2 Current Situation of Control System

At present, water production and water supply have been monitored and controlled by the Central Control Room (CCR) in the WAJ headquarters for whole of Jordan and by LEMA for their service area in . In each Governorate, there is no monitoring and control system. Nationwide SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system has not yet been introduced.

(1) Monitoring and Control System by CCR CCR takes the water production and water supply data from the related wells/springs, pumping stations and reservoirs in the whole country by hourly and daily through wireless and telephone. CCR summarizes these data at the end of the month and prepares a monthly report.

The locations and the data related to monitor and control for water production and supply by CCR are mentioned in Table 3.2.1-1 and 3.2.1-2.

(2) Monitoring and Control System by LEMA LEMA is executing monitor and control for water production and water supply related to the Amman service area in the head office in Amman. All the information about water production and distribution are collected by either telephone or wireless radio and recorded in the paper form manually. Data collection has been done at the interval of every one hour for flow measurements and every 24 hours for bulk water and water sources. The data are collected from 6 external sources, 25 internal sources and 9 outputs as shown in Table 3.2.1-3. The summary of water supply is sent to WAJ monthly as a report. There is no line connection between WAJ and LEMA.

After current rehabilitating and restructuring projects in the Greater Amman areas by various donors are completed, 43 distribution zones and 250 distribution metered areas will be established.

MB3 - 4 The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

Table 3.2.1-1 Measuring Points (Hourly) by Central Control Room of WAJ

Name of Measuring Points No. Governorate Pumping Station Pipeline From Pipeline To 1 Zatary PS MF Aqeb wells Khaw Zatary wells Um Lulu 2 Khaldieh PS MF Khaldieh wells Khaw Zatary wells Delel Khaldieh 3 Azraq PS ZA Azraq wells North & South Azraq Khaw 4 Khaw PS ZA Zatary/Khldieh Amman Azraq Zarqa Halabat Hashemieh 5 Halabat PS ZA Halabat wells Khaw 6 Zai PS BA King Abdullah Canal Balqa Amman 7 Lib PS MA Waleh wells Madaba 8 Muntazah PS AM Lib PS Abu Alanda Yadodeh wells Dabouq 9 Ain Ghazal PS AM Ain Ghazal wells Marka Khaw PS Hashemieh Zai PS Shemesani Ras Ain 10 Qastal PS AM wells Dhiban/Mad Swaqa wells Naur Qastal wells Amman 11 Tamween PS ZA Tamween wells Khaw/Amman line 12 Qenaiah PS ZA Qenaiah spring Mafraq Zarqa 13 Um Rummaneh PS ZA Birean wells Um Rummaneh well Balqa Muheb PS Zarqa 14 Buweideh PS MF Um Lulu PS Jerash Mafraq 15 Samad PS IR Hufa PS Jerash Ajloun 16 Shoubak PS TA Shoubak wells Shoubak Tafilah

MB3 - 5

Table 3.2.1-2 Measuring Points (Daily) by Central Control Center of WAJ

Governorate Pump Station No. In/Out Measuring Points Governorate Pump Station No. In/Out Measuring Points Governorate Pump Station No. In/Out Measuring Points AMMAN 1 In Zai PS No. 5 ZARQA 11 In Murheb wells MAFRAQ Um Lulu BPS 2 Out East 2 In Dabouq reservoir (continued) 12 In Tamween W3 (continued) (continued) 3 Out West The Study on Water Resources Management in Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan 3 In Ras Ain spring 13 In Tamween W5, W4 4 Out Husha 4 In Muhajreen well Khaw PS 1 In Zatary/Khaldieh 5 Out Border 24 5 In Wadi Seer spring 2 In Azraq/Khaw 6 Out University 6 In Taj wells 3 In Halabat/Khaw 7 Out Bouydah 7 In Booster 22 4 Out Amman 8 Out Abu Iyad 8 In Booster 11 5 Out Zarqa IRBID 1 In Wadi Arab wells 9 In Yajuz well 1 6 Out Hashemieh 2 In Tabqat fahal 10 In Yajuz well 6 7 Out Army 3 Out To North Shouneh

11 In Muaqer wells Qenia PS 1 Out Zarqa 4 Out Samad PS Draft Final 12 In Yadodeh well 2 Out Mafraq JERASH 1 In Qerawan PS Qastal PS 1 In East wells KARAK 1 In Sultani 2 In Gadeer spring 2 In West wells 2 In Ain Sarah 3 In Shawahed wells 3 In Qatranah wells 3 In Guwir 1 4 In Deer well

4 In Museitbeh/Qastal 4 In Guwir 2, 3 Report 5 In Qastal wells TAFILAH 1 In Zabdah wells AJLOUN 1 In Tanoor 6 Out Amman 2 In Qadiseyeh reservoir 2 In Quaytra 7 Out Naur MAFRAQ Zartary PS 1 In Aqeb 24 BALQA 1 In Bqriyeh spring Wala PS 1 Out Lib BPS 2 In Aqeb 16 2 In Shrayeh spring /Main Report Part

MB3 2 Out Muntazah PS 3 In Zatary 1, 2 3 In Hazeer spring 3 Out Dabouq reservoir 5 Out Khaw 1 (MM) 4 In Um Atiyeh well 4 Out Abu Alanda reservoir 6 Out Khaw 2 (UM) 5 In Baladieh 2

- Ain Ghazal PS 1 In Khaw/Ain Ghazal 7 Out Um Lulu 1 (MM) 6 In Baladieh 7 6 2 In Dabouq/Ain Ghazal 8 Out Um Lulu 2 (UM) 7 In Yazidiyeh 1A 3 Out Line 600mm 9 Out Booster 111 8 In Yazidiyeh 2, 3 4 Out Line 400mm 10 Out Booster 134 9 In Yazidiyeh 5 To Karak 1 Out Qatranah water meter 10 In Yazidiyeh 7, 8 - To Madaba 2 Out Shoubakiyeh/Dhiban 1 In Muketfeh 11 In Subaihi B

ZARQA 1 In Azraq/Khaw 2 In Suilmeh AQABA 1 In Disi “ 2 In Halabat/Khaw Khaldieh PS 1 In Khaldieh W17 Pre

3 Out Halabat town 2 In Khaldieh W16 - 4 In Hashemieh W2 3 Out Khaldieh/Khaw Feasibility Study 5 In Hashemieh W2 4 In Treated 1 (MM) 6 In Hashemieh W5 5 In Treated 2 (UM) 7 In Refinary well 14, 14A Sumaiyah PS 1 In Sumaiyah wells 8 In Awajan W21 2 Out Mafraq 9 In Awajan W22 3 Out Sarhan 10 In Awajan W23 Um Lulu BPS 1 Out Line 24" Note : "In" means water sources of the Governorate and "Out" means the output from the measuring points. ”

The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

Table 3.2.1-3 Monitoring and Control Points by LEMA

No. Name External Source 1 Water pumped from ZAI WTP 2 Fuheis/Balqa to Dabouq 3 Khaw PS/Zarqa to Ein Ghazal 4 Zarqa distribution to Marka 5 Khaw PS/Zarqa to Marka housing 6 Wala-Hidan/Madaba to Muntazah

Internal Source 1 Muhajereen well 2 Ras El Ain Spring 3 Taj wells 4 Booster 22 5 Ruseifa wells DN400 6 Ruseifa wells DN600 7 Booster 11 8 Yajouz well 1 9 Yajouz well 1 10 Qastal wells 11 Suwaqa East wells 12 Suwaqa West wells 13 Qatraneh wells 14 Manhona well 15 Wadi Qattar well 16 Ras El Ain well 1 17 Ras El Ain well 2 18 Wadi Saqra well 19 Muwaqqar wells 20 Musaitbeh wells 21 Wadi Sir spring 22 Abdoun well 23 Yadudeh well 24 Um Basateen 25 Irainbeh well

Output 1 ZAI/Dabouq to Masara (export to other 2 ZAI/Dabouq to Yazidieh service area) 3 ZAI/Dabouq to Baqaa/Sarw 4 ZAI/Dabouq to Fuheis 5 ZAI/Dabouq to Zaatari 6 ZAI/Dabouq to Um Joza 7 Abu Nuseir network to Abu Nuseir village 8 Shoubakeyeh meter (to Dhiban) 9 Qatrana PS to Qatrana village

MB3 - 7 The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

3.3 Description of the System

3.3.1 Main Control Center Proposed layout for Main Control Center (MCC) is shown in Fig. 3.3.1-1 and Inter-Governorate Water Transfer System controlled by Main Control Center is shown in Fig. 3.3.1-2. Expected functions of MCC are described as follows. (1) Prediction of Inter-Governorate Water Supply and Formulation of Water Supply Plan According to the past data collected from each Sub-Center (SC), Inter-Governorate water transfer volume will be predicted. Based on the prediction, water sources allocation plan in the Inter-Governorate water transfer system will be prepared. In the next step, the allocation plan will be divided into hours for 24-hour period. The plan will be transmitted by telephone, fax or e-mail to each SC. When SCs examine this plan and they request some modifications to MCC, MCC will reformulate the allocation plan for the related Governorates and inform the SCs of the revised target value. (2) Monitoring of Operating Conditions for the Facilities Information received from the field operator on water level, flow rate, water quality, operating condition of pumps (on/off), opening ratio of valves, power consumption, conditions of equipment, etc. will be input into the database of Data Server in MCC. At PC Terminal connected with Web Server by LAN, whether there is deviation or not between the planned values and collected data from RTU and Router such as water level at reservoir, outlet flow rate, ON/OFF of pumps, serious or minor trouble, discharge head of pumps, etc. will be monitored by the graphic or trend screen. (3) Adjustment of Gap between Planned and Actual Water Supply MCC will reformulate the water allocation plan when the following cases happen. - SC can not adjust the gap between the planned and actual water supply and requests MCC to reformulate the planned value. - MCC judges to modify the plan during the monitoring. (4) Measures against Accident and Emergency When MCC receives information about troubles or emergency cases from field operators or citizens or SCs, MCC will examine the countermeasures and give instructions to each SC. (5) Storage of Data and Preparation of Record (6) Preparation of Daily/Monthly/Annual Report (7) Preparation of Statistical Data

MB3 - 8

6000 6000(mm)

The Study on Water Resources Management in Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Facility Water Web Mail Database Management Supply Server Server Server Supporting Supporting System System 6000 Draft Final Speaker

PC Terminal Report PC Large Screen Terminal Projector PC /Main Report Part

MB3 Audiovisual Terminal equipment Communication Printer

- equipment 9 Speaker

6000 - B “ Pre - Feasibility Stu dy ”

Fig. 3.3.1-1 Proposed Layout for Main Control Center

9 The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

Wehdeh Dam MCC-1 Yarmork River Wehdeh Dam Inter-Governorate Water Transfer System Flow W T P P

R φ400 MAFRAQ P

655 MCC-2 Aqib Wells P R P Zatary Wells R P P Zatary MCC-3 φ400 Φ600 Zabda (2005) φ400 W Khaldieh IRBID Φ1000 P 595 Samad R （2010） P W Halabat φ400 MCC-4 P 616 Khaw 619 Zarqa network P φ600 Ras Muneef R R Hashemieh network P P Azraq JERASH φ600 AJLOUN ZARQA

MCC-5 R Ain Ghazal P MCC-6 MCC-7 BALQA AMMAN MCC-8 Dabouq DeirAiia Zai P R Intake PS W T P 1030 fuheis 1110 850 φ300 φ1000

MCC-11 Muntaza MCC-10 (National Park) MCC-13 Brackish Water Desalination P P Abu Alanda -300 R P R

MADABA 460 W P P Wala Hedan Lib MCC-9 Madaba

φ100 P R 760 610 P Dhiban

φ150

KARAK P Jameel

P Dhiban Booster PS R P φ600 740 Swaqa Qastal W

AQABA Wadi 2 (JFI) Seawater Φ500～600 246 Desalination R R R R Plant 47 153 85

W Qa Disi R R R W TAFILAH

MA’ AN

F C S R P MCC-12 Regulation Flow Dubaydb Tank Control Station Wells P P Pump Pump R P Station Station No １ No ２ Batn El Ghul Wells

Fig. 3.3.1-2 Inter-Governorate Water Transfer System Controlled by Main Control Center

MB3 - 10 The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

3.3.2 Sub-Center

Proposed layout for Sub-Center is shown in Fig. 3.3.2-1 and Water Transfer System in the Governorate to be controlled by SC is shown in Fig. 3.3.2-2 to 3.3.2-6.

(1) Prediction of Water Supply and Formulation of Water Sources Utilization Plan Based on the prediction of water supply volume in the Governorate and water sources utilization plan for 24-hour period transmitted from MCC, utilization plan for water supply in the Governorate will be formulated.

When planned water supply is needed to be changed, it will be informed to MCC. In case that the volume of water sources becomes insufficient to the water demand and the water reservoir can not cover the shortage, plan for suspension or restriction on water supply will be formulated in SC.

(2) Monitoring of Operating Conditions for the Facilities Information received from the field operator on water level, flow rate, water quality, operating condition of pumps (on/off), opening ratio of valves, power consumption, conditions of equipment, etc. will be input into the database of Data Server in SC.

At PC Terminal connected with Web Server by LAN, whether there is deviation or not between the planned values and collected data from RTU such as water level at reservoir, outlet flow rate, ON/OFF of pumps, serious or minor trouble, discharge head of pumps, etc. will be monitored by the graphic or trend screen.

(3) Instruction for Operation of Equipment Based on the plan formulated in Item-(1) above, the Center will give instruction to the field operator for opening/closing of valves and starting/stopping of pumps.

(4) Adjustment of Gap between Planned and Actual Water Supply When the actual water supply becomes deviated from the planned water supply, the Center will give instruction to the field operator to adjust by water reservoir, etc. When he can not adjust the gap between the planned and actual water supply, the Center will request MCC to re-formulate water supply plan for each Governorate. (5) Measures against Accident and Emergency When the Center receives reports on accidents and emergency cases from field operator or citizen, the Center examines the measures and gives instructions to the field operator at Site. If required, the Center will inform of this matter to MCC and consult the matter.

(6) Storage of Data and Preparation of Record

(7) Preparation of Daily/Monthly/Annual Report

(8) Preparation of Statistical Data

MB3 - 11 The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

(9) Supporting Management Work for Facilities and Equipment Civil/building drawings, pipeline drawings, equipment inventory, inspection records, etc. of the facilities inside the Governorate (pipelines, pumps, valves, reservoirs, RTU, instrumentation equipment, and power receiving facility) will be input into Facility Management Supporting System.

(10) Analysis for UFW After comparison between metered water supply and collected water supply data from control points, physical losses, illegal connection, defective equipment, etc. shall be analyzed.

(11) Water Distribution Management System (Future) Simulation for water pressure in the network will be done using this system to get an optimum valve opening, pump revolution and operating unit so that they can be reflected to performance indicators.

Simulation for water suspension and water quality will be done and the results will be utilized for public relations.

Simulation for temporary water network will be done and the results will be used for formulation of future water network.

MB3 - 12

9000(mm) The Study on Wat

Speaker Speaker

Facility Water

Web Mail Database PC Management Distribution er Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Server Server Server Terminal Printer Supporting Management Draft Final System System

Communication equipment Report 6000 MB3 Sub-Center /Main Report Part Local Station -

13 Audiovisual & Communication equipment - B “ Pre - Feasibility Study

Fig. 3.3.2-1 Proposed Layout for Sub-Center ”

Main-Control Center

IRBID AJLOUN JERASH The Study on Water Resources Management in Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Sub-Center Sub-Center Sub-Center

RTU IR-1 RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU Jufieh PS IR-2 IR-3 IR-19 AJ-1 AJ-2 AJ-8 JA-1 JA-2 JA-7

Wehdeh Dam Draft Final Yarmork River Wehdeh Dam IR-9 W T P P IR-3 Al Mukheiba Al Fouqa Saham IR-4 P W Al Tourah W IR-8 Φ 150 W IR-16 W P Herema W P W P P IR-7 P Al Mahassi Al Hudoud

W Φ 100～150 Report P IR-10 Φ 300～ 400 Al Foua’ara Sal IR-2

Φ 150 IR-11 P W R P New Al Nuaimeh 3 IR-18

W /Main Report Part P W P IR-6 - IRBID IR-12 P W 14 Douqara Rahoub IR-1 MAFRAQ （Sheet ②） IR-19 W P Jufieh Wabi Arab WTP P W 2010： not use

2020：φ 800 Kufur Yuba To Khaw PS Via Zatary PS Wadi Arab P P φ 800 R W T P P P P R P P Um Lula Makhraba Deir φ 400 B 800 No１ Assa ’aneh Houfa φ 300 Zabda φ300 P W φ 400 Φ150～ 200 φ 100 MCC-2 2010： not use No２ IR-5 2020： not use P W R W P IR-17 Samad φ 100 P Old Al Nuaimeh Bouwaida 785 B P Φ 100～ 200 W Al Taybeh 2010： not use IR-15 2020： not use - B φ 200 φ 400 JERASH Al Qayrawan P W JA-2 “ AJLOUN W W JA-4

Tabaqet Fahil Pre IR-14 Ras Muneef R JA-１ W P P P Al Shawahed Al Rayyashi W φ 400 Φ 100 P W Eim Rasoun -

W W AJ-6 AJ-1 Feasibility Study Oyoun El Hamam P Φ 200 P P W P AJ-2 W P W W Ein Al Deik/ Ein Al Teis W W IR-13 φ 100 AJ-4 Anjara JA-6 P W JA-3 P Jebeta Φ 200 JA-5 W P Kufranja Ein Al Ghadeir W AJ-5 P SoufAl Garbi R Arjan AJ-3 Φ 250 W W W P Ein Al Qantara W Ein Al Tannour Φ 250 JA-7 AJ-8 Φ 150 W P Burma Spring W P Φ200 AJ-7 Um Qasem Zuqeiq ” Water Transfer System Flow ① Fig. 3.3.2-2 Water Transfer System in Irbid - Ajloun - Jerash Governorates Controlled by Sub-Center

Main-Control Center

ZARQA Sub-Center MAFRAQ Sub-Center The Study on Water Resources Management in Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU MF-1 MF-2 MF-3 MF-12 ZA-1 ZA-2 ZA-3 ZA-4 ZA-5 ZA-6

MAFRAQ

MF-10 Jaber Koum Ahmar φ200 φ150 580 MF-6 B W R P MF-5 1060 W P MF-7 R 755 830 Deir Kalf MF-9 φ150 P R W P R W P R W P R W Suwailmeh φ150 Um Jumal 940 920 630 Sumayah 630 680 Amra φ250 MB3 610 φ500 W R P Sabha Mukeiftah φ150 W R W R P B Φ100～150 Kusha P 830 MF-8 780 B Hoosha φ400 695 790 P MF-3 MF-1 φ150 B KM103 KM111 800 B B W From IRBID 655 φ600 Besherieh (sheet①) Φ100～150 φ600 Zatary φ150 - P KM134 MF-12 15 2010 ： not use P P 2020 ：φ 800 φ600 Ruwaished Bawdet P 850 W Basma MF-2 Um Lulu □Mafraq Φ600 MF-4 W KM124 B 800 MF-11 (2005) W φ300 Khaldieh Hayanat Zainieh P 2010 ： not use 700 B W 595 2020 ： not use P Φ1000 φ150 （2010 ） 625 ZA-2 W φ200 W ZA-1 ZARQA ZA-3 R Halabat R P 619 P Buwaidah Hashmeyeh 556 Khaw B 563 P 785 φ100 616 φ400 φ600 R R φ600 Azraq 765 P P Φ200 Dogomsah 2010 ： not use W φ400 2020 ： not use R P Draft Final 574 φ600 R AMMAN (Sheet④) To JERASH Murhib Aasjon ZA-4 φ300 φ600 (sheet①) R P R P R Ain Ghazal P R Nazal 633 695 ZA-5 622 φ400 P P P From Amman City W Rusaifeh

Al Bassateen Report ZA-6

Fig. 3.3.5 Water Transfer System in Mafraq - Zarqa Governorates Controlled by Sub-Center

Main-Control Center The Study on Water Resources Management in Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

BALQA Sub-Center Draft Final

Router RTU RTU RTU BA-1 BA-2 BA-3 BA-4 Report MB3 /Main Report Part -

16 φ1200×２連 To Amman Yaziedieh

W BA-3 R

P 868 Fuheis BA-1 Shraiyeh φ 250 S S S BA-4 Bohaira BA-2 P 613

Zai 1068 - Bokoria P W T P R φ 400～500 φ 300 B P P R P R 391 No ５ PS 850 φ 300 1110 “ φ 150 R R R P φ250 Pre 1040 Sawada 862 678 No ４ PS Yarqa A1-Qassam -

P Feasibility Study

No３ PS

P φ 1200 BALQA No２ PS King Abdallah P Canal -300 (sheet④ ) No１ PS Hisban Brackish To Amman Water Desalination P

Fig. 3.3.2-4 Water Transfer System in Controlled by Sub-Center ”

Main -Control Center

The Study on Water Res

MADABA AMMAN Sub -Center Sub - Center

Router RTU Router RTU Router AM-15 MA-1 AM-1 AM-2 AM-3 Draft Final

ources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Report AM-5 AM-14 Yajouz AM-6 From BARQA(Zai WTP) Ruseifa Wells DN400 W (sheet③ ) Abu Nuseir network W Ruseifa Wells DN600 P MB3 790 φ300 W BALQA AMMAN Kharnhshe φ400 R φ600 To ZARQA /Main Report Part AM-13 990 (sheet②) φ600 Dabouq R P R

- Hisban Brackish φ1000 P 1030 700

17 Water Desalination Ain Ghazal -300 φ 600 Ma’aien φ150 φ 1000 MADABA Umm Smaq MA-1 South

Arid φ150 Madaba R B 780 φ 100 P P φ 200 P W 610 R Ras El Ain P Dhiban 760 Muntaza Tadj (National Park) AM-2 AM-3 460 P φ150 W P P R 700 - φ 800 F C S P Jameel Wala Hedan Lib 860 P P B Abu Alanda Flow φ 600 W

Control Station 1010 R “ W Muhajereen

From Pre φ 1800 Musaitbeh Dubaydb Wells and AM-1 Batn El Ghul Wells φ600 φ 200 AM-12 AM-8 750 - AM-7 Feasibility Study P AM- 9 W W 870 Dhiban Booster PS P R P φ 600 740 φ 600 R Qatraneh W Swaqa AM-15 W Qastal Well Field 300 AM-11 W KARAK P R W Muwaqqar Fig. 3.3.2-5 Water Transfer System in Madaba - Amman Governorates Controlled by Sub-Center ”

Main-Control Center The Study on Water Resources Management in Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

MA’AN TAFILAH AQABA KARAK Sub-Center Sub-Center Sub-Center Sub-Center

RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU Draft Final AQ-1 AQ-2 MN-1 MN-2 MN-3 MN-4 TA-1 TA-2 KA-1 KA-2 Report MB3

AQABA /Main Report Part - Wadi 2 (JFI) Φ500～ 600 246 18 Seawater Terminal Reservoir TA-2 Desalination R R R R □ Jafilah 1100 Plant AQ-2 47 153 85 P R TAFILAH B R R R W R R R B Φ200～ 300 φ 400 P Zabda φ150 φ 150 φ150 φ200 1000 W Dhabaga φ200 W Nijii MN-4 φ150 φ 200 MN-2 Bsera P R R R P R W Collection Reservoir φ150 φ 150 φ 200 R R R R P R P R P R W φ200 φ400 φ400 φ500 Moraighah Qaa 1370 1230 W Qa Disi MN-3 1200 Al Bedah 1040 R R R W TA-1 Yarut W MA’AN AQ-1 S R P φ150 800

Φ100－150 -

KA-2 B φ 150 □ Karak 685 W φ 150

Deir R P S “ φ75 R Assa ’aneh φ 200 Ain Sara Pre Mouta R φ 150 1200 Halia W P φ400 P R R P φ 100 1150 φ200 φ200 φ400 W Muhai φ400 - φ600 R F C S KARAK Qasr Feasibility Study R MN-1 P P Flow KA-１ Regulation φ400 1200 R Ghuweir Dubaydb Tank Control Station Collectin Reservoir □ Ma ’an Sultany Wells P φ600 W φ400 To Amman P P φ600 φ600 (sheet ④) Pump Pump R P Station Station No １ No ２ Batn El Ghul Wells

Water Transfer System Flow Fig. 3.3.2-6 Water Transfer System in Karak - Tafilah - Ma’an - Aqaba Governorates Controlled by Sub-Centers ”

The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

3.3.3 Equipment for the Centers

(1) Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) 1) Data acquisition and processing a. Periodical acquisition: periodically acquires analog quantities from the pump stations and reservoirs, such as quantity of flow, water level and water pressure, and stores data into memory. Data acquisition points are as shown in Fig. 3.3.3-1.

Valve On/Off Quantity of flow Water level Water Quality Quantity of flow Valve On/Off Valve Trouble Total quantity of flow ×３ Total quantity of flow Valve Trouble

Reservoir

Valve On/Off Pump On/Off Quantity of flow Valve On/Off Valve Trouble Water pressure Serious/Slight Trouble Total quantity of flow Water pressure Valve Trouble P

Fig. 3.3.3-1 Data Acquisition Points for Facilities

b. Overrun checking: checks measured values of analog quantities against their overrun limits. If any value exceeds its limit, an alarm sounds. 2) Digital quantity acquisition and processing a. Acquires data periodically, checks status and updates database 3) Communicates with the database server in the Sub-Center (or Main Control Center) a. Sends acquired data to the database server periodically. b. Sends data to the database server in response to calls from the Sub-Center (or Main Control Center). c. Sends event information to the database server if any event signals and alarms occur.

(2) Voice Alarm System Automatically activates all event signals and alarms at the pump station and the reservoirs

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(3) Database Server 1) Communicates with RTUs a. Receives acquired data from RTUs periodically. b. Receives data from RTUs in response to calls from the Sub-Center (or Main Control Center). c. Receives event information from RTUs, if any event signals and alarms occur. 2) Stores acquired data a. Stores received data from RTUs. b. Stores the data input by operators, such as quantity of flow, water level and water pressure at pump stations and reservoirs with no RTUs.

(4) Web Server 1) Provides content, such as trend graphs, station diagrams, daily reports, etc., to the web browser 2) Requires user authorization by entering a valid user ID and password to log-on

(5) PC Terminals 1) Has access to the required Web Server of Main Control Center or Sub-Center with Internet Browser and enables to do graphic supervision of monitored data, show trend graphs, search for alarm in operation and monitored data, etc. 2) Data not collected in RTU will be measured manually by field operators and stored to Database through manual input at PC Terminal.

(6) Printer Prints out daily, monthly and yearly reports

(7) Mail Server 1) Sends alarms as E-mail: Some event signals and alarms at the pump station and reservoirs shall be converted into E-mail and sent to the Main Control Center, Sub-Centers and defined people. 2) Sends E-mail among Sub-Centers and Main Control Center

(8) Firewall 1) Keeps hostile visitors out and protects NWCS internal information 2) Keeps employees in, usually a means of discouraging people from playing games or visiting recreational sites on business time.

(9) Facility Management Support System Converts documents, ledgers and drawings related to the facility and its operations into the database to efficiently manage the facility

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(10) Water Distribution Management System (Future) 1) Develop an integrated property inventory management database, including conduct and service pipe routing maps and drawings, to efficiently and effectively maintain and manage waterworks equipment and facilities 2) Acquire changes in water distribution conditions in real time and manage water distribution information (quantity, quality) 3) Control valves in the water supply and distribution lines to optimize distribution pressure to equalize pressure at service ends and minimize water leakage

(11) Large Screen Projector 1) Displays the flow of the water transfer system nationwide, so that many people understand the present state and can make decisions in the case of emergencies 2) Shows VTR during visitors’ tours

(12) Water Supply Support System (Future) Provide supports aids that support planning activities, including daily water-demand forecasts, optimum water supply and distribution, and simulated action planning for emergency scenarios

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3.4 Control Points of the System

(1) Main Control Center

Main Control Center (MCC) shall monitor and control the water production and water supply related to the Inter-Governorate water transfer lines.

The control points for MCC shall be installed at the main facilities and these points are listed in Table 3.4.1-1 and shown in Fig. 3.4.1-1 respectively.

Table 3.4.1-1 Proposed Control Points for Main Control Center

Inter-Governorate System Facility No. of Control Point Control Point Wehda-Irbid Conveyor Transmission PS at WTP 1 Outlet of PS Zabda reservoir 1 Inlet at the reservoir for the conveyor Zabda-Irbid-Ajloun/Jerash line Zabda reservoir 2 Outlet to Ajloun/Jerash Outlet to Irbid city network Zatary-Khaw line Zatary PS 4 Inlet at the reservoir from Agib wells Inlet at the reservoir from Zatary wells Outlet to Khaw PS Outlet to Mafraq network Khaw-Ain Ghazal line Khaw PS 6 Inlet at the reservoir from Zatary PS Inlet at the reservoir from Halabat PS Inlet at the reservoir from Azraq PS Outlet to Ain Ghazal PS Outlet to Zarqa network Outlet to Hashemieh network Ain Ghazal PS 1 Inlet at the reservoir from Khaw PS Deir Alla Intake-Zai-Dabouq line Deir Alla Intake PS (1) Outlet to Zai WTP (#1) Transmission PS at Zai WTP 1 Outlet to Dabouq reservoir Dabouq reservoir 3 Inlet from Zai WTP Inlet from Fuheis Inlet from Muntazah PS Wala/Hidan-Muntazah line Wala PS 1 Outlet to Muntazah PS Muntazah PS 3 Inlet from Wala-Hidan Outlet to Abu Alanda reservoir Outlet to Dabouq reservoir Hisban Desali Plant-Muntazah PS Transmission PS at Desali Plant 1 Outlet to Qastar PS Muntazah PS 1 Inlet from Desali Plant Disi-Amman Conveyor Transmission PS at Disi 5 Inlet from Disi wells (2 points) Outlet at Transmission PS Branch line for Ma'an Branch line for Madaba Flow Control Station (1) Outlet at Flow Control Station (#2) Muntazah PS 1 Inlet from Disi conveyor Abu Alanda reservoir 1 Inlet from Disi conveyor Total 32 Notes 1. Data will be transferred to MCC from Dirar Control Center of JVA 2. Data will be transferred to MCC from Flow Control Station to be installed on Disi-Amman Conveyor

MB3 - 22 The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Draft Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

Wehda Dam 1

IR 2

AJ 3 JA 6 4 MF 7 8 5 BA 10 Hisban Saline Water 12 Desalination 9 ZA AM 15 MA 11

KA

List of Control Points by Main Control Center

1. Transmission PS at Wehda WTP 2. Zabda Reservoir 3. Zatary PS TA 4. Khaw PS 16 5. Ain Ghazal PS 6. Deir Alla Intake PS 7. Transmission PS at Zai WTP 8. Dabouq Reservoir 9. Transmission PS at Hisban DS plant MN 10. Mun tazah (National Park) PS 11. Wala/Hidan PS 12. Abu Alanda Reservoir 13. Transmission PS at Disi wells 14 14. Branch Line for Ma’an AQ 15. Branch Line for Madaba 16. Flow Control Station

Future Inter-Governorate Transfer Line

13 Existing Inter-Governorate Transfer Line (including the line to be upgraded)

Aqaba Seawater Desalination

Fig. 3.4.1-1 Location of Control Points for Main Control Center

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(2) Sub-Center

Sub-Center (SC) shall monitor and control the water production and supply in each Governorate.

However, for the time being, the control points for SC in each Governorate shall be mainly provided at the outlet of the related main pump stations and reservoirs which account for the most part of the water supply volume in each Governorate.

The data from other pump stations and reservoirs, where the control points are not provided, will be reported to the Sub-Center by the operator with telephone or wireless as applied at present. The control points for these facilities will be set up at the future stage (after the completion of the proposed projects in this study), on condition that all the water meters are to be installed or replaced for those facilities (pump stations, wells, springs, etc.) by each Governorate.

The control points shall be determined taking into account the existing control points by WAJ Central Control Room and LEMA.

The control points for the water production volume shall be set up at the future stage. Therefore, the water production data shall be reported to the Sub-Center by the operator with telephone or wireless as applied at present.

The control points, which have been selected taking into account the current situation of control system in Jordan, are listed in Table 3.4.1-2.

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Table 3.4.1-2 List of Control Points by Sub-Centers (1 of 2) Governorate Pump Station/Reservoir No. of Control Point Governorate Pump Station/Reservoir No. of Control Point Control Point Control Point Amman Muhajereen Well 1 Outlet of reservoir Zarqa Hashmeyeh PS (continued) Outlet to Sukhna Reservoir

Ras El Ain Spring 1 Outlet of reservoir (continued) Outlet to Hararieh Reservoir The Study on Water Resources Management in H Taj Reservoir 1 Outlet Murhib PS 1 Outlet to Awjan Reservoir Ruseifa Wells DN400 1 Outlet Booster 18 PS 1 Outlet Ruseifa Wells DN600 1 Outlet Al Bassateen Booster PS 1 Outlet Qastal PS 4 Outlet to Amman Total 10 Outlet to Madaba Irbid Jufieh PS 1 Outlet Inlet from Qastal Wells Sal PS 1 Outlet Swaqa Reservoir 4 Inlet from Swaqa East Wells Saham PS 1 Outlet Inlet from Swaqa West Wells Herema PS 1 Outlet Draft Final Inlet from Qatraneh Wells Old Al Nuaimeh PS 1 Outlet Outlet to Qastal PS New Al Nuaimeh PS 1 Outlet Qatraneh PS 2 Outlet to Swaqa Reservoir Al Hudoud PS 1 Outlet

Outlet to Qatraneh village Al Mahassi PS 1 Outlet Report Ras El Ain PS 1 Outlet Al Tourah PS 1 Outlet Muwaqqar PS 1 Outlet Al Foua'ara PS 1 Outlet

MB3 Musaitbeh Wells 1 Outlet of reservoir Douqara PS 1 Outlet /Main Report Part Dabouq Reservoir 7 Outlet to Amman Kufur Yuba PS 1 Outlet

- Outlet to Masara Jebeta PS 1 Outlet 25 Outlet to Yazidieh Oyoun El Hamam PS 1 Outlet

Outlet to Baqaa/Sarw Tabaqet Fahil PS 1 Outlet Outlet to Fuheis Al Mukheiba Al Fouqa PS 1 Outlet

Outlet to Zaatary Al Taybeh PS 1 Outlet ashemite Kingdom of Jordan - Outlet to Um Joza Rahoub PS 1 Outlet B

Abu Nuseir network 1 Outlet to Abu Nuseir village Wadi Arab WTP PS 1 Outlet to Zabda Reservoir “ Dhiban Booster 1 Outlet to Madaba Total 19 Pre - Total 27 Mafraq Sumayah PS 1 Outlet Feasibility Study Zarqa Azraq PS 1 Outlet to Khaw PS Khaldieh PS 1 Outlet Halabat PS 2 Outlet to Khaw PS Besherieh PS 1 Outlet Outlet to Khaldieh PS KM 124 1 Outlet Hashmeyeh PS 4 Inlet from Khaw PS Mukeiftah PS 1 Outlet Outlet to Zarqa PS Sabha PS 1 Outlet ”

Table 3.4.1-2 List of Control Points by Sub-Centers (2 of 2)

Governorate Pump Station/Reservoir No. of Control Point Governorate Pump Station/Reservoir No. of Control Point Control Point Control Point The Study on Water Resources Management in Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Mafraq Amra PS 1 Outlet Madaba Madaba PS 1 Inlet (continued) Um Jumal PS 1 Outlet 2 Outlet Suwailmeh PS 1 Outlet Total 3 Jaber PS 1 Outlet Karak Ghuweir PS 1 Inlet Zainieh PS 1 Outlet 3 Outlet Ruwaished PS 1 Outlet Ain Sara Spring 1 Outlet Total 12 Total 5 Ajloun Anjara PS 1 Outlet Tafilah Al Bedah Reservoir 1 Inlet Draft Final Kufranja PS 1 Outlet 1 Outlet Ein Al Qantara PS 1 Outlet Zabda PS 1 Outlet Arjan PS 1 Outlet Total 3

Ein Al Tannour PS 1 Outlet Ma'an Collection Reservoir 1 Outlet to Ma'an City Report Ein Rasoun PS 1 Outlet Nijii PS 2 Outlet to Tafilah MB3 Um Qasem PS 1 Outlet Outlet Zuqeiq PS 1 Outlet Qaa PS 2 Outlet /Main Report Part Total 8 Moraighah 2 Outlet -

26 Jerash Al Shawahed PS 1 Outlet Total 7 Al Qayrawan PS 1 Outlet Aqaba Collection Reservoir 2 Inlet from Disi wells

Souf Al Garbi PS 1 Outlet 1 Outlet to Aqaba Al Rayyashi PS 1 Outlet Terminal Reservoir No.1 1 Inlet from Collection Reservoir Ein Al Ghadeir PS 1 Outlet 1 Outlet to T/R No.2 - Ein Al Deik/Ein Al Teis PS 1 Outlet Total 5 B

Burma Spring 1 Outlet “ Pre Total 7 - Balqa Shaiyeh PS 2 Outlet Feasibility Study Bokoria PS 2 Outlet Yazidieh PS 1 Outlet Bohaira PS 3 Outlet Total 8

”

The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

3.5 Implementation Plan

The plan for establishing NWCS shall be implemented in two stages, that is, Phase-1 and Phase-2 as shown in Table 3.5.1.

Phase-1 shall cover the construction of Main Control Center to be located in the head office of WAJ in Amman for supervising and controlling the water transmission volume among the related Governorates.

Phase-1 shall also include the construction of Sub-Center for biggest 4 Governorates in water supply (Amman, Zarqa, Irbid and Mafraq) where the water supply accounts for about 70% of the whole Jordan.

Phase-2 shall cover the construction of Sub-Center for the remaining 8 Governorates.

Proposed implementation plan and schedule are shown in Table 3.5.1-1 and Table 3.5.1-2.

Table 3.5.1-1 Proposed Implementation Plan Project Name Outline Expected Schedule Project for Establishment of ・ Construction of Main Control Center Year 2003～ National Water Supply ・ Construction of Sub-Centers of 4 2004 northern Governorates (Amman, Control System (Phase-1) Zarqa, Irbid and Mafraq) [Short Term Plan] ・ Establishment of SCADA system including installation of flow meters Project for Establishment of ・ Construction of Sub-Centers of 8 Year 2006～2008 National Water Supply southern Governorates. Control System (Phase-1) ・ Establishment of SCADA system [Mid Term Plan] including installation of flow meters.

Table 3.5.1-2 Proposed Implementation Schedule Project Name 2005 2010 2015 2020 Project for Establishment of National Water Supply Control System (Phase-1)

Project for Establishment of National Water Supply Control System (Phase-2)

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3.6 Cost Estimate

The cost estimation has been done for the establishment of National Water Control System (NWCS) in Jordan. The following assumptions and conditions are applied for the estimation.

- Main Control Center shall be established in the existing building of WAJ head office in Amman. and Sub-Center shall be established in the existing building of WAJ branch office in each Governorate. - Hardware, software and other equipment shall be imported from outside of Jordan. - Cost for telecommunication in the operation such as telephone charge, internet connection fee, etc. is not included in O & M cost. - Public telephone line shall be used for telecommunication between Sub-Centers and each RTU.

Table 3.6.1-1 Cost Estimate for National Water Control System

Facilities for NWCS Total Investiment Cost Annual (2005) O&M Cost Annual (2010) O&M Cost (JD) (JD/a) (JD/a) Phase-1 Main Control Center hardware 430,000 114,000 114,000 software 887,000 0 0 Sub-total 1,317,000 114,000 114,000 Sub-Center (4 nos.) hardware 906,000 403,000 403,000 software 1,641,000 0 0 Sub-total 2,547,000 403,000 403,000 Local Stations hardware 2,474,000 170,000 170,000 (RTU, flow meters, etc.) software 722,000 0 0 Sub-total 3,196,000 170,000 170,000 Engineering Services & Contingency 254,000 0 0 Phase 1 - Total 7,314,000 687,000 687,000 Phase-2 Main Control Center 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sub-Center (8 nos.) hardware 1,813,000 0 793,000 software 2,614,000 0 0 Sub-total 4,427,000 0 793,000 Local Stations hardware 1,109,000 0 240,000 (RTU, flow meters, etc.) software 320,000 0 0 Sub-total 1,428,000 0 240,000 Engineering Services & Contingency 211,000 0 0 Phase 2 - Total 6,066,000 0 1,032,000 Grand Total 13,380,000 687,000 1,719,000

Estimation conditions: 1. Operator of Main Control Station : 5 persons x 2 shifts/day = 10 persons/day 2. Operator of Sub-Center : 5 persons x 2 shifts/day = 10 persons/day 3. Maintenance staff for local stations : 3 persons/Sub-Center 4. O&M cost : 2.0% x (hardware + software) 5. Sub-Center for Phase-1 : Amman, Irbid, Zarqa and Mafraq Sub-Center for Phase-2 : Ajloun, Jerash, Balqa, Madaba, Karak, Tafilah, Ma'an and Aqaba

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3.7 Economic and Financial Analysis

3.7.1 Socio-Economic Conditions

(1) Population

Population and its Growth in the Past

Inter-Censual Growth Item 1979 Census 1994 Census Rate/a

Jordan 2,149,177 4,139,458 4.5% Source: Department of Statistics

The 1994 population of Jordan was 4,139,458 according to the population census conducted by the Department of Statistics. It grew during the inter-censual 15 years 1979 to 1994 at the average annual rate of 4.5%, resulting in nearly double figures compared with the 1979 population as shown in the above table.

(2) Employed Persons

Employed Persons 15 Years of Age & More by Economic Activity

Inter-Censual Growth Item 1979 1994 Rate/a

Primary Sector 46,049 (11%) 66,900 (8%) 2.5%

Secondary Sector 104,506 (26%) 195,780 (23%) 4.3%

Tertiary Sector 255,514 (63%) 592,670 (69%) 5.8%

Total 406,069 (100%) 855,350 (100%) 5.1% Source: Department of Statistics

The employed persons in the whole country in 1994 were 855,350, the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors accounting for 8%, 23% and 69% respectively. It grew during the inter-censual 15 years 1979 to 1994 at the average annual rate of 5.1%, resulting in more than two times increase compared with the 1979 figures as shown in the above table. The fact that the growth rate of employed persons is greater than that of population may mean that the economic activities of the country are being accelerated. And the tendency is more pronounced in the tertiary sector as shown in the above table.

3.7.2 Economic and Financial Analysis

The system aims for managing the conditions of the nation-wide water supply mains by automatically and continuously monitoring the water flows and pressures in the mains through electronic systems to be set up in the sub-centers in the 12 governorates as well

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as in the main control center. Any irregularities in the water flows and pressures caught in the sub-centers/main center will give rise to the efforts for the identification of the causes and for the taking of remedial steps. The causes may be varied such as the breakage of pipes and reservoirs, breakdowns of pumps, illegal connections, water theft, intermittent water supply, direct water supply from the pumping stations to the end users. (The latter two causes concern the shortcomings of the existing systems which cannot be rectified on the spot or in a short term.)

The system also has an important function of accurately and automatically recording the production, transportation (exportation and importation) and supply of water in each of the 12 governorates. Thus, the system will contribute to accurately grasping the reality of UFW (especially physical loss) on one hand and reducing it on the other on the governorate as well as national basis.

In view of the actual situation where over 50% of water produced disappears in the dark without fulfilling its central objective of supplying the life line to the beneficiaries with due financial/economic returns, the importance and the necessity of the project cannot be overemphasized.

Although the cost estimation of the project can be done in the standard way, there is virtually no way to accurately forecast the economic/financial benefits the project will bring about. However, the actual situation of UFW is more or less known and the target level of UFW can be set.

No one can accurately project how much the project is going to be involved in attaining the target level of UFW. But, one can employ the sensitivity analysis by assuming the contribution rate of the project in the attainment of the target level setting several instances. By so doing one can quantitatively estimate the financial/economic benefits in each assumed instance. In this way, one can eventually perform financial/economic analysis of the project.

(1) Methodology

1) Financial Analysis

(a) Preparation of cost benefits streams a) Project life for financial analysis was set at 30 years. b) Preparation of cost streams The estimated initial cost of the project was spread over the implementation period. Also, the annual recurrent cost for the operation and maintenance (O & M) of the facilities was entered annually after the implementation up to the end of the project life. c) Estimation of water stream The quantity of urban water to be annually supplied in the whole nation after the implementation up to the end of the project life was estimated. d) Estimation of UFW reduction in the with project case The ratio of UFW in the without project case was estimated by dividing the quantity of urban water billed by that of urban water supplied in recent years.

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Out of it, the extent to which UFW will be reduced through the implementation of the project was estimated by setting several assumed instances. e) Estimation of water stream to be saved and billed in the with project case From items c) and d), in each assumed instance of UFW reduction, the quantity of urban water to be annually saved and billed in the with project case was determined up to the end of the project life. f) Estimation of the unit value of water The financial value of the unit quantity of urban water was estimated based on the existing water tariffs and future needs for raising them. g) Preparation of benefits stream From items e) and f), for each assumed instance, the benefits stream was worked out up to the end of the project life.

(b) Calculation of Financial Criteria and Financial Evaluation a) The discount rate was assumed as 5%. b) Using the cost benefits streams, for each assumed instance, FIRR, NPV and the water price were calculated. c) Based on the values of financial criteria, taking into consideration qualitative factors as well, the judgment on the financial feasibility of the project was passed.

2) Economic Analysis

(a) Preparation of cost benefits streams a) Project life (Same as in financial analysis) b) Preparation of cost streams The estimated initial cost was divided into foreign and local components. The standard conversion factor was applied to the local components, except land acquisition cost, which will be annualized based on land rent. The initial cost of the project was spread over the implementation period. Also, the annual recurrent cost for the operation and maintenance (O & M) of the facilities was entered annually after the implementation up to the end of the project life. c) Estimation of water stream (Same as in financial analysis) d) Estimation of UFW reduction in the with project case The ratio of UFW in the without project case was estimated by dividing the quantity of urban water billed by that of urban water supplied in recent years. Out of it, the extent to which physical loss will be reduced through the implementation of the project was estimated by setting several assumed instances. e) Estimation of water stream to be saved in the with project case From items c) and d), in each assumed instance of physical loss reduction, the quantity of urban water to be annually saved in the with project case was determined up to the end of the project life.

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f) Estimation of the unit value of water The economic value of the unit quantity of municipal water was worked out by considering the affordability of a household to pay for water supply and the water demand per household. The economic value of the unit quantity of industrial water was surmised from the industrial gross output, industrial water demand and the contribution of water in realizing industrial output. g) Preparation of benefits stream From items e) and f), for each assumed instance, the benefits stream was worked out up to the end of the project life.

(b) Calculation of Economic Criteria and Economic Evaluation a) Opportunity cost of capital was assumed as 10%. b) Using the cost benefit streams, for each assumed instance, EIRR, NPV and the water price were calculated. c) Based on the values of economic criteria, taking into consideration qualitative factors as well, the judgment on the economic feasibility of the project was passed.

(2) Preconditions

1) Water to be Produced (Unit: M m3/year) Year 2005 2010 Water to be Produced 340.670 453.040

2) Investment Costs (Unit: M JD) Investment Costs Local Components Foreign Components 13.380 0% 0 100% 13.380

3) Implementation Schedule 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

4) O & M Costs (Unit: M JD) Year 2005 2010 O & M Costs 0.687 1.719

5) Water Tariffs

(a) Municipal Water (Unit: Fils/m3) 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 341 341 351 362 373 384 395 407

(b) Industrial/Touristic Water (Unit: Fils/m3) 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 1,000 1,000 1,030 1,061 1,093 1,126 1,159 1,194

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Starting in 2005, the average water tariffs per m3 were assumed to be increased at the annual rate of 3% up to 2010.

6) Assumed Reduction of UFW Percentage of Reduction Water to be Saved in 2010 (M m3/a) 0.8% (physical 0.5%, administrative 0.3%) 3.624 0.9% (physical 0.5%, administrative 0.4%) 4.077 1.0% (physical 0.5%, administrative 0.5%) 4.530

7) Unit Benefits of Urban Water (a) Municipal Water: 735 Fils/m3 (b) Industrial Water : 2,740 Fils/m3

(3) Results of Financial Analysis Percentage of Reduction NPV (M JD) FIRR (%) Unit Water Price (Fils) 0.8% -3.106 0.0% 598 0.9% 0.297 5.4% 532 1.0% 3.701 10.0% 479 Note: Discount Rate=5% The one percentage reduction of UFW was adopted.

(4) Results of Economic Analysis EIRR NPV (M JD) Unit Water Price (Fils) 13.0% 1.434 1,048 Note: Discount Rate=10% The 0.5 percent reduction of physical loss is assumed.

(5) Evaluation This project is financially feasible with the FIRR of 10.0%, NPV of 3.701 million JD and the unit water price of 479 fils per m3. It is also economically feasible with the EIRR of 13.0%, NPV of 1.434 million JD and the unit water price of 1,048 fils per m3.

The above results hinge on two major assumptions as mentioned above. One is that the average water tariffs go up at the annual rate of 3% up to the year 2010, and another is that the reduction of UFW through the implementation of this project will be one percent, of which 0.5% will be that of physical loss and another 0.5% that of administrative loss.

It seems that these assumptions are appropriate and reasonable. Therefore, the project can be judged to be sufficiently worthwhile and suitable for implementation.

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3.7.3 Preparation of Projected Financial Statements

(1) Preconditions The projected financial statements, namely the income statement, the funds statement and the balance sheet were prepared. In preparing projected financial statements, the following preconditions were set:

Item Values, etc. Financing resources 80% : External; 20%: Local Financing terms Repayment period: 30 years Grace period: 5 years Annual interest rate: 4% Inflation rate 2%/a Executing Entity Public Corporate Tax 0%

(2) Evaluation of Projected Financial Statements The financial statements for the national water control system project shown in Table 3.7.3-1 are summarized by the representative managerial indices as follows: (Unit: %) Profit/ Profit/Revenues Working Capital/ Revenues Liabilities and Capital Projects Up to 2020 Up to 2020 Up to 2020 National Water Control System 24.9 10.7 4.0

For the sake of comparison analysis, it can be stated that the standard level would be 10% for the profit to revenues ratio, 10% for the working capital to revenues ratio, and 5% for the profit to liabilities and capital ratio.

Regarding the profit to revenues ratio, this project has been found to be perfectly OK with the calculated value more than two times the standard level. With regard to the working capital to revenues ratio also, the project is sustainable with the value more than the desired level.

With respect to the profit to liabilities and capital ratio, the project would not be up to the standard level. However, this point should not be overemphasized because this undertaking of social nature is essentially not profit-oriented and, therefore, the estimated value should be regarded as acceptable.

In conclusion, it can be stated that the project would be financially sufficiently sustainable under the afore-mentioned preconditions.

MB3 - 34

Table 3.7.3-1 Finacial Statements of National Water Control System Project (Unit : Million JD at Current Prices)

Item 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 (1) Income Statement Revenues 0.000 1.570 1.725 1.912 2.120 2.351 2.607 2.835 2.835 2.835 2.835 2.835 2.835 2.835 2.835 2.835 2.835 2.835

O & M Cost 0.000 0.000 0.715 0.729 0.743 0.758 0.773 1.936 1.936 1.936 1.936 1.936 1.936 1.936 1.936 1.936 1.936 1.936 Depreciation 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.401 0.110 0.110 0.000 0.061 0.061 0.061 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Interest Payment 0.146 0.293 0.293 0.373 0.454 0.535 0.514 0.492 0.471 0.450 0.428 0.407 0.385 0.364 0.343 0.321 0.300 0.278 The Study on Water Resources Management in Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Expenditures 0.146 0.293 1.007 1.102 1.599 1.403 1.397 2.428 2.468 2.446 2.425 2.343 2.321 2.300 2.279 2.257 2.236 2.214

Profit Before Tax -0.146 1.278 0.718 0.810 0.521 0.947 1.210 0.407 0.368 0.389 0.411 0.493 0.514 0.535 0.557 0.578 0.600 0.621 Tax 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Profit After Tax -0.146 1.278 0.718 0.810 0.521 0.947 1.210 0.407 0.368 0.389 0.411 0.493 0.514 0.535 0.557 0.578 0.600 0.621 (up to 2020) Average Profit Before Tax to Revenues Ratio 24.9% Average Profit After Tax to Revenues Ratio 24.9% 49.3%

(2) Funds Statement Profit After Tax -0.146 1.278 0.718 0.810 0.521 0.947 1.210 0.407 0.368 0.389 0.411 0.493 0.514 0.535 0.557 0.578 0.600 0.621 Loans+Budget 3.657 3.657 0.000 2.022 2.022 2.022 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Depreciation 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.401 0.110 0.110 0.000 0.061 0.061 0.061 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Report Sources 3.511 4.935 0.718 2.832 2.944 3.079 1.320 0.407 0.428 0.450 0.471 0.514 0.535 0.557 0.578 0.600 0.621 MB3

Capital Works 3.657 3.657 0.000 2.022 2.022 2.022 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 /Main Report Part

- Payment of Principal 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 0.535 35 Working Capital -0.146 1.278 0.718 0.810 0.922 0.522 0.785 -0.128 -0.107 -0.085 -0.064 -0.043 -0.021 0.000 0.022 0.043 0.064 0.086

Applications 3.511 4.935 0.718 2.832 2.944 3.079 1.320 0.407 0.428 0.450 0.471 0.493 0.514 0.535 0.557 0.578 0.600 0.621 (up to 2020) Average Working Capital to Revenues Ratio 10.7%

(3) Balance Sheet - B Liabilities 2.926 5.485 5.485 6.901 8.316 9.196 8.661 8.126 7.591 7.056 6.520 5.985 5.450 4.915 4.380 3.844 3.309 2.774 “

Capital 0.585 2.960 3.678 5.094 6.222 7.776 8.986 9.393 9.760 10.149 10.560 11.053 11.566 12.102 12.659 13.237 13.836 14.457 Pre Liabilities and Capital 3.511 8.445 9.163 11.995 14.538 16.972 17.647 17.519 17.351 17.205 17.080 17.038 17.017 17.017 17.038 17.081 17.146 17.232 - Feasibility Study Current Assets -0.146 1.131 1.849 2.659 3.581 4.103 4.888 4.760 4.653 4.567 4.503 4.461 4.439 4.440 4.461 4.504 4.569 4.654 Fixed Assets 3.657 7.314 7.314 9.336 10.957 12.869 12.759 12.759 12.698 12.638 12.577 12.577 12.577 12.577 12.577 12.577 12.577 12.577 Assets 3.511 8.445 9.163 11.995 14.538 16.972 17.647 17.519 17.351 17.205 17.080 17.038 17.017 17.017 17.038 17.081 17.146 17.232 (up to 2020) Average Profit Before Tax to Liabilities and Capital Ratio 4.0%

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The Study on Water Resources Management in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Final Report/Main Report Part-B “Pre-Feasibility Study”

3.8 Project Evaluation As a result of sensitivity analysis, a very interesting result has been found: supposing it were succeeded through the implementation of the national water control system to reduce the UFW by one percent, then the project would be financially successful with the FIRR of 10%. Supposing the reduction rate were 0.9%, still the project would be OK with the FIRR of 5.4%. One percent reduction of UFW means in absolute terms the saving of 4.5 MCM in 2010. Further, supposing the reduction by 0.5% of physical loss were realized, then the project would be economically feasible, resulting in the EIRR of 13%. In performing financial analysis, it was premised at the beginning that the average municipal water tariff would be gradually raised from the current 341 fils per m3 ultimately to 407 fils in 2010. In the same way, the industrial water tariff will be raised from 1,000 fils to 1,194 fils. In performing financial analysis also, the discount rate was set at 5% in anticipation of the provision of a kind of soft loans for the implementation of the project. The summary of the economic and financial analysis of the project is as follows: Economic/Financial Criteria Project UFW Reduction (%) FIRR (%) Unit Water Price EIRR (%) National Water Control System 1.0 (physical: 0.5) 10.0 479 13.0 Note: Discount Rate: Financial=5%, Economic=10% Managerial Indices (Unit: %) Working Profit/Liabilities and Project Profit/Revenues* Capital/Revenues** Capital*** National Water Control System 24.9 10.7 4.0 Note: Standard Levels:*=10%, **=10%, ***=5% It seems that the assumptions regarding UFW reduction are appropriate and reasonable. If that is the case, as the above table shows, the project is financially feasible with the FIRR twice as high as the discount rate, and also economically feasible with the EIRR substantially above the OCC. In terms of managerial indices, profitability is excellent and liquidity is on a par with the standard level, attesting to the sufficient financial sustainability of the project. In conclusion, the national water control system project can be said to have enough potential to be financially as well as economically feasible, and therefore fully recommended as a solid candidate for implementation. It is very obvious that the construction of the control center will not be accompanied with any environmental negative impacts.

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