La Pastourelle Occitane
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Romance and Writing: Interpreting the Lyric Domnas of Occitania
Trends in Historiography Romance and Writing: Interpreting the Lyric Domnas of Occitania by Aubri E. Thurmond “I’ll ask you this: when a lady freely loves a man, should she do as much for him as he for her, according to the rules of courtly love?”1 These words are attributed to Maria de Ventadorn, a woman composing in the lyric tradition of the troubadours. From 1100-1300 A.D., Occitania (Southern France) produced over 400 troubadours whose poetry shaped the concepts of romantic love in the West. Their poems, written in langue d’oc, were expressions of fin’ amor, or courtly love.2 According to Paul Zumthor, “Fin’ amor strives toward a desired but unnamed good, bestowable only by a lady, herself identified only by an emblematic pseudonym: a dialogue without reply, pure song, turning into poetry the movements of a heart contemplating an object whose importance as such is minimal.”3 The troubadour was symbolically dependent on the favor of his lady, therefore seemingly giving her power and humbling himself.4 Fin ‘amor was the source of all courtly values.5 However, there were also women troubadours, called trobairitz, in Southern France. The name trobairitz comes from the root trobar, meaning to compose and the feminine suffix –airitz, literally meaning “a woman who composes.”6 The female troubadours did not refer to themselves as trobairitz. In fact, the term trobairitz is only found once in 13th century literature: in the romance Flamenca, when the heroine calls her maid 1 As quoted in Meg Bogin, The Women Troubadours (Scarborough, England: Paddington Press Ltd., 1976), 99. -
A Bibliographical Guide to the Study of the Troubadours and Old Occitan Literature
A Bibliographical Guide to the Study of the Troubadours and Old Occitan Literature Robert A. Taylor RESEARCH IN MEDIEVAL CULTURE Bibliographical Guide to the Study of the Troubadours and Old Occitan Literature Medieval Institute Publications is a program of The Medieval Institute, College of Arts and Sciences Bibliographical Guide to the Study of the Troubadours and Old Occitan Literature Robert A. Taylor MEDIEVAL INSTITUTE PUBLICATIONS Western Michigan University Kalamazoo Copyright © 2015 by the Board of Trustees of Western Michigan University All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Taylor, Robert A. (Robert Allen), 1937- Bibliographical guide to the study of the troubadours and old Occitan literature / Robert A. Taylor. pages cm Includes index. Summary: "This volume provides offers an annotated listing of over two thousand recent books and articles that treat all categories of Occitan literature from the earli- est enigmatic texts to the works of Jordi de Sant Jordi, an Occitano-Catalan poet who died young in 1424. The works chosen for inclusion are intended to provide a rational introduction to the many thousands of studies that have appeared over the last thirty-five years. The listings provide descriptive comments about each contri- bution, with occasional remarks on striking or controversial content and numerous cross-references to identify complementary studies or differing opinions" -- Pro- vided by publisher. ISBN 978-1-58044-207-7 (Paperback : alk. paper) 1. Provençal literature--Bibliography. 2. Occitan literature--Bibliography. 3. Troubadours--Bibliography. 4. Civilization, Medieval, in literature--Bibliography. -
Universität Institut Für Musikwissenschaft Th
Abschlussarbeit zur Erlangung der Magistra Artium im Fachbereich 9 der Goethe - Universität Institut für Musikwissenschaft Thema: Das Frauenlied im Mittelalter – Homogene Gattung oder unpräziser Überbegriff 1. Gutachterin: Dr. phil. Dipl.-Ing. Britta Schulmeyer 2. Gutachter: Dr. René Michaelsen vorgelegt von: Ann Becker aus: Mainz Einreichungsdatum: 25.10.2016 Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einleitung 1.1. Fragestellung………………………………………………………………………1 1.2. Voraussetzungen und Problematiken……………………………………………...2 1.3. Vorgehensweise…………………………………………………………………...5 2. Hauptteil 2.1. Okzitanische Chansons de femme 2.1.1. Geographische und zeitliche Einordnung………………………………….6 2.1.2. Ausgewählte Quellen der Lieder 2.1.2.1. Die Handschrift N – New York, Pierpont Morgan Library, 819……...9 2.1.2.2. Die Handschrift K – Paris, BN, fr. 12473……………………………10 2.1.3. Gattungsanalyse 2.1.3.1. Der Canso……………………………………………………………10 2.1.3.2. Die Planh…………………………………………………………….13 2.1.3.3. Das Chanson de malmariée…………………………………………..15 2.1.3.4. Die Balada…………………………………………………………...16 2.1.3.5. Das Chanson de croisade…………………………………………….18 2.1.3.6. Die Tenso…………………………………………………………….19 2.1.3.7. Sonderfall – Altas undas que venez………………………………….22 2.1.4. Literarischer Vergleich…………………………………………………...23 2.1.5. Musikalische Analyse…………………………………………………….24 2.2.Altfranzösische Chansons de femme 2.2.1. Geographische und zeitliche Einordnung………………………………...28 2.2.2. Ausgewählte Quellen der Lieder 2.2.2.1. Der Chansonnier Francais de Saint-Germain-Des-Pres……………...29 2.2.2.2. Der Chansonnier du Roi……………………………………………..29 2.2.3. Gattungsanalyse 2.2.3.1. Das Chanson d’amour………………………………………………..30 2.2.3.2. Das Chanson d’ami…………………………………………………..31 2.2.3.3. Die Plainte……………………………………………………………33 2.2.3.4. -
IMAGES of WOMEN in the TROBAIRITZ1 POETRY (Vocabulary and Imagery)
Olaru Laura Emanuela IMAGES OF WOMEN IN THE TROBAIRITZ1 POETRY (Vocabulary and Imagery) M. A. Thesis in Medieval Studies CEU eTD Collection The Central European University Budapest June 1998 I, the undersigned, Laura Emanuela OLARU, candidate for the M. A. degree in Medieval Studies declare herewith that the present thesis is exclusively my own work, based on my research and only such external information as properly credited in notes and bibliography. I declare that no unidentified and illegitimate use was made of the work of others, and no part of the thesis infringes on any person's or institution's copyright. I also declare that no part of the thesis has been submitted in this form to any other institution of higher education for an academic degree. Budapest, 15 June 1998 Signature CEU eTD Collection Images of Women in the Trobairitz Poetry (Vocabulary and Imagery) by Laura Emanuela Olaru (Romania) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Medieval Studies Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU Chair, Exarffination Comittee External Examiner /\/ Examiffgp/^''^ Budapest June 1998 CEU eTD Collection Images of Women in the Trobairitz' Poetry (Vocabulary and Imagery) ABSTRACT The present study has focused on the poetry of the trobairitz, who wrote during 1180-1260 in Occitania, in the environment of the court. Its purpose is to extract the images of women as depicted in and through the vocabulary and the imagery. The study of vocabulary and imagery seemed the best way to understand the significance and the richness of the types of women depicted in the poems: the conscious woman, the authoritative figure, the fighter, the lover, the beloved, the uncourtly woman. -
1 the Middle Ages
THE MIDDLE AGES 1 1 The Middle Ages Introduction The Middle Ages lasted a thousand years, from the break-up of the Roman Empire in the fifth century to the end of the fifteenth, when there was an awareness that a ‘dark time’ (Rabelais dismissively called it ‘gothic’) separated the present from the classical world. During this medium aevum or ‘Middle Age’, situated between classical antiquity and modern times, the centre of the world moved north as the civil- ization of the Mediterranean joined forces with the vigorous culture of temperate Europe. Rather than an Age, however, it is more appropriate to speak of Ages, for surges of decay and renewal over ten centuries redrew the political, social and cultural map of Europe, by war, marriage and treaty. By the sixth century, Christianity was replacing older gods and the organized fabric of the Roman Empire had been eroded and trading patterns disrupted. Although the Church kept administrative structures and learning alive, barbarian encroachments from the north and Saracen invasions from the south posed a continuing threat. The work of undoing the fragmentation of Rome’s imperial domain was undertaken by Charlemagne (742–814), who created a Holy Roman Empire, and subsequently by his successors over many centuries who, in bursts of military and administrative activity, bought, earned or coerced the loyalty of the rulers of the many duchies and comtés which formed the patchwork of feudal territories that was France. This process of centralization proceeded at variable speeds. After the break-up of Charlemagne’s empire at the end of the tenth century, ‘France’ was a kingdom which occupied the region now known as 2 THE MIDDLE AGES the Île de France. -
ALBERNI (Anna) Et L ANNUTTI (Maria Sofia), « “ Lay Ves França ”
ALBERNI (Anna) et LANNUTTI (Maria Sofia), « “Lay ves França”. Les structures formelles de la musique et de la poésie dans la lyrique catalane des origines », Les Noces de Philologie et Musicologie. Textes et musiques du Moyen Âge, p. 371-399 DOI : 10.15122/isbn.978-2-406-06210-3.p.0371 © Classiques Garnier RÉSUMÉ – Les témoins les plus anciens de dansa conservés en Catalogne, parfois associés à une notation musicale, montrent l’influence de structures strophiques associées à des mélodies de type responsorial qui, tout au long du XIVe siècle, enrichissent l’éventail des formes à refrain de l’ars nova française. La lyrique catalane médiévale, héritière des troubadours, assimile très tôt les innovations de la poésie et de la musique françaises, mais les adapte à sa propre tradition littéraire. « LAY VES FRANÇA » Les structures formelles de la musique et de la poésie dans la lyrique catalane des origines1 LA DANSA EN CATALOGNE AU XIIIe ET XIVe SIÈCLES (I) : JACQUES II D’ARAGON, MAYRE DE DEU E FYLHA Dans la production lyrique catalane des origines, le nombre élevé de pièces en forme de danse paraît frappant. Dix d’entre elles se trouvent dans le Cançoneret de Ripoll (Barcelona, Arxiu de la Corona d’Aragó, Ripoll 129), copié dans la première moitié du xive siècle2. Plusieurs autres danses, souvent plus anciennes, ont été récemment retrouvées dans des manuscrits du xive siècle que l’on ne peut pas qualifier de manuscrits lyriques et où leur présence est de nature « occasionnelle ». Cependant, la présence de dansas s’observe déjà en Catalogne au cours du siècle précédent comme nous le montrent les danses de Cerverí de Girona. -
Les « Chançons » De Charles D'orléans
Cahiers de recherches médiévales et humanistes Journal of medieval and humanistic studies 34 | 2017 Du meurtre en politique Les « chançons » de Charles d’Orléans Une énigme en mouvement Mathias Sieffert Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/crm/14544 DOI : 10.4000/crm.14544 ISSN : 2273-0893 Éditeur Classiques Garnier Édition imprimée Date de publication : 31 décembre 2017 Pagination : 201-220 ISSN : 2115-6360 Référence électronique Mathias Sieffert, « Les « chançons » de Charles d’Orléans », Cahiers de recherches médiévales et humanistes [En ligne], 34 | 2017, mis en ligne le 31 décembre 2020, consulté le 25 janvier 2021. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/crm/14544 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/crm.14544 © Cahiers de recherches médiévales et humanistes LES « CHANÇONS » DE CHARLES D’ORLÉANS Une énigme en mouvement Il est des termes dont l’usage fréquent obscurcit peu à peu le sens. Ainsi en va-t-il du mot chanson, que son omniprésence dans les diction- naires de musique médiévale, les ouvrages philologiques et les éditions critiques, rend problématique : il est parfois difficile de distinguer l’acception médiévale et l’acception moderne. L’introduction du bel inventaire des rondeaux et refrains de Nico van den Boogaard donne une idée frappante de cette ambivalence. Le critique nomme chanson « toutes les compositions monodiques destinées à être chantées, et divi- sées en strophes », c’est-à-dire les « chansons dites à forme fixecomme la ballade (…) », mais aussi les « chansons définies le plus souvent par leur sujet, telles que les pastourelles, les chansons d’amour, les chansons religieuses (…)1 ». Le mot chanson sert à désigner, on le voit, toutes sortes de poèmes chantés ou chantables, sans prendre en compte le fait que certains d’entre eux sont bel bien présentés comme « chansons » dans les manuscrits, quand d’autres sont plus volontiers présentés par une annonce formelle ou thématique (ballade, pastourelle…)2. -
How the Villanelle's Form Got Fixed. Julie Ellen Kane Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1999 How the Villanelle's Form Got Fixed. Julie Ellen Kane Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Kane, Julie Ellen, "How the Villanelle's Form Got Fixed." (1999). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 6892. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/6892 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been rqxroduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directfy firom the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter fiice, vdiile others may be from any typ e o f com pater printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, b^innm g at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. -
Chapter 2: Secular and Cathedral Music in the High Middle Ages I
Chapter 2: Secular and Cathedral Music in the High Middle Ages I. Introduction – Chapter 1 dealt primarily with sacred music, influenced by the fact that initially only sacred music was available for observation. Chapter 2 turns to secular music. II. Troubadours and Trouvères A.Troubadours 1. The first European vernacular poet whose work survives was William IX (7th count of Poitiers and 9th duke of Aquitaine). b. The tradition of these poets is known as the troubadour. c. The troubadour tradition was a “top down” as those of the highest social ranks were the main participants. Their poetry celebrated feudal ideals. d. Different types of troubadour verse dealt with various aspects of the feudal system, including songs of alliance, knightly decorum, exploits, challenges, and death. 2. Courtly love lay at the heart of the troubadour tradition. a. The canso was a song about love. b. Courtly love songs celebrated the same high ideals as other types of songs. c. The lady about whom a poet wrote usually outranked him, making her theoretically unattainable. d. Courtly love was generally more about veneration than physical love. e. The poetic style matches the lofty ideals of courtly love, as demonstrated in Can vei la lauzeta mover. B. Performance and Oral Culture 1. We do not know the rhythm of troubadour songs, but most likely the loftier style of the troubadour songs approximated that of contemporary chant. 2. Some troubadour songs matched a lower-class style; these were not based on chant style. a. Pastorela is one such genre. b. L’autrier jost’ una sebissa by Marcabru is an example. -
Bedt Authgen Attgen Author Attribution Genre Argomento
Ms T (Paris 15211) BEdT AuthGen AttGen Author Attribution Genre Argomento 372,003 4 N/A Pistoleta n/a sirventes cortese, con chiusura amorosa 461,154 N/A Anonymous n/a cobla N/A 306,002 5 N/A Montan n/a tenso (fictitious) N/A 87,001 5 N/A Bertran del Pojet n/a tenso (fictitious) N/A 372,004 4 N/A Pistoleta n/a tenso (fictitious) N/A 436,002 5 N/A Simon Doria n/a tenso N/A 238,002 N/A N/A Guionet n/a tenso (partimen) N/A 392,029 3 N/A Raimbaut de Vaqueiras n/a tenso N/A 139,001 N/A Enric n/a tenso (partimen) N/A 283,002 5 N/A Lantelm n/a tenso (partimen) cortese, amoroso 366,030 3 N/A Peirol n/a tenso (partimen) cortese, amoroso 185,002 4 N/A Graf von Rodez - lo Coms de Rodes n/a tenso (partimen) N/A 249,002 3 N/A Guiraut de Salaignac n/a tenso (partimen) cortese, amoroso 457,016 4 N/A Uc de Saint Circ n/a canso N/A 432,002 4 N/A Savaric de Malleo n/a tenso (partimen) a three N/A 167,044 3 N/A Gaucelm Faidit n/a tenso (partimen) N/A 52,004 N/A Bernart n/a tenso (partimen) N/A 295,001 3 N/A Maria de Ventadorn n/a tenso (partimen) cortese, amoroso 194,002 4 N/A Gui d'Uisel n/a tenso (partimen) N/A 384,001 4 N/A Prebost de Valensa n/a tenso (partimen) N/A 16,015 4 N/A Albertet de Sestaro n/a tenso (partimen) N/A 186,001a 4 N/A Graf von Toulouse - lo Coms de Toloza n/a coblas exchange N/A 461,142 N/A Anonymous n/a two coblas N/A 242,064 2,3 N/A Guiraut de Borneill n/a alba religioso 282,024 5 N/A Lanfranc Cigala n/a two coblas with tornada N/A 282,024 5 N/A Lanfranc Cigala n/a two coblas with tornada N/A 282,024 5 N/A Lanfranc Cigala n/a two -
Curriculum Vitae 1 OLIVIA HOLMES Department of English, General
Curriculum Vitae 1 OLIVIA HOLMES Department of English, General Literature & Rhetoric and Center for Medieval & Renaissance Studies Binghamton University State University of New York Binghamton, NY 13902-6000 [email protected] 607-777-2730 Academic Career: 1/2017– Director, Center for Medieval & Renaissance Studies (CEMERS) and Medieval Studies Program, Binghamton University 2016–present Professor of English and Medieval Studies, Dept. of English and CEMERS, Binghamton University 2014–2016 Associate Professor of English and Medieval Studies (with tenure), Dept. of English and CEMERS, Binghamton University 2012–2014 Associate Professor of English and Medieval Studies (without tenure), Dept. of English and CEMERS, Binghamton University 2009–2012 Visiting Associate Professor of Italian and Medieval Studies, Dept. of Romance Languages and CEMERS, Binghamton University 2007–2009 Visiting Associate Professor of Italian, Dept. of French & Italian, Dartmouth College 1/2006–07 Visiting Associate Professor of Italian and English, Depts. of French & Italian and English, Colby College 2002–12/2005 Associate Professor of Italian on term, Dept. of Italian Language and Literature, Yale University 1996–2002 Assistant Professor of Italian, Dept. of Italian Language and Literature, Yale University Education: Ph.D. 1994 Northwestern University, joint program in Italian and Comparative Literature & Theory. Dissertation: “From the Canso to the Canzoniere: The Emergence of the Autobiographical Lyric Cycle.” Advisor: Prof. Albert R. Ascoli M.F.A. 1982 The University of Iowa, Iowa Writers’ Workshop: Poetry B.A. 1980 Yale University, English literature: graduated “Magna cum laude” Olivia Holmes 2 Publications and Research: Books Dante’s Two Beloveds: Ethics and Erotics in the Divine Comedy. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008. -
Troubadours NEW GROVE
Troubadours, trouvères. Lyric poets or poet-musicians of France in the 12th and 13th centuries. It is customary to describe as troubadours those poets who worked in the south of France and wrote in Provençal, the langue d’oc , whereas the trouvères worked in the north of France and wrote in French, the langue d’oil . I. Troubadour poetry 1. Introduction. The troubadours were the earliest and most significant exponents of the arts of music and poetry in medieval Western vernacular culture. Their influence spread throughout the Middle Ages and beyond into French (the trouvères, see §II below), German, Italian, Spanish, English and other European languages. The first centre of troubadour song seems to have been Poitiers, but the main area extended from the Atlantic coast south of Bordeaux in the west, to the Alps bordering on Italy in the east. There were also ‘schools’ of troubadours in northern Italy itself and in Catalonia. Their influence, of course, spread much more widely. Pillet and Carstens (1933) named 460 troubadours; about 2600 of their poems survive, with melodies for roughly one in ten. The principal troubadours include AIMERIC DE PEGUILHAN ( c1190–c1221), ARNAUT DANIEL ( fl c1180–95), ARNAUT DE MAREUIL ( fl c1195), BERNART DE VENTADORN ( fl c1147–70), BERTRAN DE BORN ( fl c1159–95; d 1215), Cerveri de Girona ( fl c1259–85), FOLQUET DE MARSEILLE ( fl c1178–95; d 1231), GAUCELM FAIDIT ( fl c1172–1203), GUILLAUME IX , Duke of Aquitaine (1071–1126), GIRAUT DE BORNELH ( fl c1162–99), GUIRAUT RIQUIER ( fl c1254–92), JAUFRE RUDEL ( fl c1125–48), MARCABRU ( fl c1130–49), PEIRE D ’ALVERNHE ( fl c1149–68; d 1215), PEIRE CARDENAL ( fl c1205–72), PEIRE VIDAL ( fl c1183–c1204), PEIROL ( c1188–c1222), RAIMBAUT D ’AURENGA ( c1147–73), RAIMBAUT DE VAQEIRAS ( fl c1180–1205), RAIMON DE MIRAVAL ( fl c1191–c1229) and Sordello ( fl c1220–69; d 1269).