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PROSODICALLY DRIVEN METATHESIS in MUTSUN By Prosodically Driven Metathesis in Mutsun Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Butler, Lynnika Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 24/09/2021 03:27:27 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/311476 PROSODICALLY DRIVEN METATHESIS IN MUTSUN by Lynnika Butler __________________________ Copyright © Lynnika G. Butler 2013 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2013 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Lynnika Butler, titled Prosodically Driven Metathesis in Mutsun and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. _______________________________________________ Date: (October 16, 2013) Natasha Warner -- Chair _______________________________________________ Date: (October 16, 2013) Michael Hammond _______________________________________________ Date: (October 16, 2013) Adam Ussishkin Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. ________________________________________________ Date: (October 16, 2013) Dissertation Director: Natasha Warner 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that an accurate acknowledgement of the source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. SIGNED: Lynnika G. Butler 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation has been a long time coming. I would like to thank my husband Alex, who has the patience of Buddha, unflagging faith in me, and a sense of humor when mine is in short supply; he is the other half of my orange. Thanks also to my father, Jack Butler, whose life is writing and who understands better than anyone both the frustrations and the rewards of this journey; he taught me that nothing we learn is ever wasted. I am deeply grateful to my dissertation committee, who have supported, encouraged, questioned and challenged me at every step along the way. My committee chair, Natasha Warner, introduced me to the Mutsun language and to the many delights and frustrations of working from archival data. Natasha kept me on task when my motivation flagged, and on many, many occasions helped me to re-orient after I had taken a wrong turn in my research. To Natasha, a thousand thanks, kan-sireesum . Michael Hammond was an invaluable teacher, mentor, and thorn in my side throughout the writing process, questioning my most basic assumptions at every turn and making me laugh while doing so. Mike has more fun thinking about linguistic problems than anyone I know, and he paid me the great compliment of asking difficult questions and having confidence that I would find a way to answer them. Adam Ussishkin introduced me to phonological theory in my first semester of graduate school, and has been a patient, kind, and incredibly knowledgeable guide over the years. He helped me to articulate (and indeed discover) some of the most fundamental ideas in this dissertation; and his ability to present complex problems with great clarity and eloquence—both on the page and during office hours—is the model to which I aspire. Finally, I must thank Leanne and Helmuth Vollger, two dear friends with great intellects and generosity of spirit. Leanne and Helmuth have cheered me on and distracted me with coffee and cigars, dogs, movies, Japanese, poetry...the list is far too long to fit here. Drs. Vollger and Vollger have been like an extension of my family, and there is no one I would rather celebrate life’s accomplishments with! 5 DEDICATION For Alex and Jack 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... 9 LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................... 10 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................ 15 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 16 1.1 Metathesis ........................................................................................................................ 16 1.2 Mutsun language background .......................................................................................... 22 1.3 Mutsun phonology ........................................................................................................... 25 1.3.1 Mutsun phoneme inventory and orthography ........................................................... 25 1.3.2 The syllable in Mutsun .............................................................................................. 31 1.3.2.1 Segmental structure of the syllable .................................................................... 31 1.3.2.2 Prosodic structure of the syllable ....................................................................... 36 1.3.3 Stress ......................................................................................................................... 42 1.3.4 Stem prosody ............................................................................................................ 44 1.4 Mutsun Morphology ........................................................................................................ 48 1.4.1 Lexical Categories .................................................................................................... 48 1.4.1.1 Stems .................................................................................................................. 49 1.4.1.2 Suffixes .............................................................................................................. 50 1.4.1.3 Infixes ................................................................................................................ 53 1.4.1.4 Stem-internal length alternations (ablaut) .......................................................... 54 1.5 Prosodic templates ........................................................................................................... 56 CHAPTER 2: THE MUTSUN CORPUS .................................................................................. 62 2.1 Overview of the archival sources: Harrington, Arroyo, Merriam, Mason, and Okrand .. 65 2.1.1 Arroyo ....................................................................................................................... 68 2.1.1.1 Dialect and variability in the data ...................................................................... 69 2.1.1.2 Orthography ....................................................................................................... 71 2.1.1.3 Typesetting errors and illegible data .................................................................. 79 2.1.1.4 Lack of context .................................................................................................. 80 2.1.1.5 General rules for interpreting Arroyo ................................................................ 82 2.1.2 Merriam ..................................................................................................................... 83 2.1.3 Harrington ................................................................................................................. 85 2.1.4 Secondary sources: Mason and Okrand .................................................................... 93 2.2 Database input and analysis methods .............................................................................. 94 2.2.1 Digitizing archival data ............................................................................................. 94 2.2.2 Parsing a text entry .................................................................................................... 96 2.2.3 Creating a lexical entry ........................................................................................... 100 2.2.4 Checking our work: concordances .......................................................................... 104 2.3 Summary ........................................................................................................................ 105 CHAPTER 3: THREE METATHESIS PARADIGMS IN MUTSUN .................................... 107 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS — Continued 3.1 Stem-deriving metathesis ............................................................................................... 111 3.1.1
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