- TERRITORY OF ALASKA REPORT OF THE COMlVllSSTONER OF NIINES TO THE GOVERNOR FOR THE BIENNIUM ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1940 I CONTENTS

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL ...... WORK OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MINES ...... Administrative Work and General Information ...... Field Work, inchding mine inspection ...... Geophysilcal invest~gations...... 3 Asszy Ol5f ices ...... : Mining Extension Courses (in cooperation with University of Alaska) ...... NEEDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... Prospecting Geologic Maps and Reports ...... Safety Measures ...... - Transportation ...... : THE MININ\G INDUSTRY ...... Juneau, Alaska GENERAL, STATEMENT ...... : February 25, 1941. Lode Mini'ng ...... : Placer Minin~;...... : To the Honorable Ernest Gruening, Coal Mining ...... s Quarries ...... : Governor of Alaska. Drilling for Oil ...... : R. F. C. Mining Loans ...... Sir: PrCODUCTION ...... -...... Table I-Su.m~nary ,of incr.e,ucs and decreases in the value I have the ho11or to submit, in accordance of minera!~ produced in Alaska during the last two biennia ...... wtih Sec. 3, Chapter 80, Session Laws of 1935, Table 11-Comparison o'f values of minera1.s produced dur- the Report of the Commissioner of Mines for ing each of last two biennia ...... the biennium ended December 31, 1940. MINING OPERATIONS ...... Table 111-List of nlini11.g operatiolls by j,u.dicial divisions .... Respectfully yours, Tab1,e IV-Co.inparison of mining operaltiolls for two B. D. STEWART, ,biennia, listed by types ...... Table V-Distribution of active lode operations by judicial Commissioner of Mines. divisions, year 1940 ...... Table VI-List of shipping lode mines ...... Table VII-Distrib.ution of dredges by judicial divisions and precin,cts, year 1940 ...... Tabl~eVIII-Distribution af placer Inlining by judicial #divisions and types, pear 1940 ...... Table IX-Active placer operations by (types,bienniurn 1939-1940 ...... EMPLOY,MENT AT MINES ...... Table X-Summary of trend and continuity of employmeat during past 'two biennia ...... Table XI-Employment at mines from 1914 to 1940, inclusiv'e ...... LABOR CONDITIONS ...... SAFETY TRAINING AT MINES ...... ACCTnENTS AT MINES ...... Mine Fires at Suntrana ...... Table XII-Summary of inille accidents occurring in Alsaka during 1939 ...... G1 Table XIII-S,um,mary of inlille nccidcilts occurring in Alaska during 1940 ...... G2 Table XLV-S~~~n~rnaryof accidenlts at lali ,metal mines of Associate BHinia~g li;mlgia~cers and Saasg)ectors Alaska during the period fro111 January 1. 1937, to De- cembfer 31, i940, ii1 comparison with silxilar records for J C. Roehm Juneau i~hcUilited States during 1937 .and 1938 ...... 64 Henry R Joestjng College T2ble XV--Comparison of accidents and enlployinellt at Ha~lyL Fiedler Anchorage mines during the past two bieili~ia ...... 65 Abcn Shallit (part t1171~) Nome Tnble XV1'--Summ~ary of .accidents .at loclc-gold mincs dur- ing Ithe period froill Jaililary 1. 1933, to December 31, 1940 G3 Table XVII-Suinmary of man-chi~l'tsworked, fatal and no11- Ass:a ycl-s-ilr-chih1'g~ fatal accidents and time lost ic all iniiles ill Alaska- ...... year,s 1912 Lo 1940, illclusivc ...... GG Arthur E. Glover C011egc AlpllaBeCical list of all mining oper.atiol?s in Alnska nt which five Nils Johansson ...... Ketclliknn or Inore illell were enlployecl in 1910, together with loca- Aben Sllallit ...... Nolne tions of plants, types oi uperation.s. and. crews employed G'i

lionald L. Sicwart, Chief Clcrlc Juncau Lucretia S. Bot sford, Clcl.k-St,~nogl':~])l~e~' Ju~~cau REPORT OF COMAMISSIONER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIOXER OF MINES 7

bered 8,800 pieces, as compared with 6,000 handled during tlle preceding biennium. Government reports on the Alaskan mineral industry are no longer distributed free as formerly, but must be purchased from the Superintendent of Docun~ents,Washington, D. C. The activities of the Territorial Departlnent of Mines, in- Many of the most important ones are now out of print and cluding the operation of three public assay offices, situated are 110 longer obtainable. They may, however, be consulted at Metchikan, College and Noine, respectively, are administered at the Department of Mines library in Juneau. For the con- under the direction of tl~eConlmissioner of Mines, at the venience of the local public, and to obviate the delay involved I~eadquartersoffice in. Jnneau. At this office iiaformation on in sending to Washington, D. C. for them, a silrall stock of matters relating to mining and tlie aminera1 resources of the suclz reports as are still availablc, including all new publica- Territory is disseminated by means of personal interviews with tions dea.ling with the nlineral rcsources and industries of visiting inquirers, and by correspondence. Extensive files of Alaska, has been secured and is kept on hand at the Juneau reports on iiidividua: mining properties and prospects, which office for resale to the public at cost. The iltlmber of publi- are based largely on field investigations that are continuously cations that were disiributecl during the past biennium, in- carried on by Clie associate mining engineers of the Depart- cluding the biennial report of the Commissioller of Mines, was nlcnt during the open srason of cach year. togcthcl. wit11 a 1,730, which is approximately 1,000 more than were distributed complet~c libl.nl..y ol' the ]>ublications of thc U. S. Geological during the preceding biennium. Survey and U. S. Bureau of Mines, furnish the basis for lhc Large numbers 01 geologic and topogl:aphic maps were also authentic information that is disseminated. Consulting ser- distributed. These included many sketches prepared by the vice is also n.vailable to the val'ious local depa1,tlneuts and cngineers of the Departnlent of Milles that display the detailed agencies of the Federal Government and of the Territory. geologic features of individual mining properties examined by During the past bie~llliunl the Juneau office was visitcc! them, together with developmalt workings and the positions, by 3,700 persons, all of whoin were seeking information or as- widths and assay results of sarnpIes taken by them on each sistance in n?atl;ers relating to the mineral industry of Alaska. property. Prints of such sketches are furnished free to pros- Many of these visitors were prospectors seeking unpublished pect~~,~and owners of the properties examined for distribu- infornlation or publicatioi?~ and maps covering districts ill tion by them Lo interested parties. which they were interested. or who desired suggestions as to The office at Juneau is also equipped to make preliminai'y areas favorable for carrying on prospectring activities. Other tests of rocks and minerals, including petrographic analyses visitors included 1118ny mining engineers and prospective in- by lnicroscopic methods. During tlne past biennium a total vcstors who wished inforn~ationon pa.rticulai: p~.opei:ties or of 221 thin sections have been made of ~ocksand ores the suggestions as to those that inight warrant financing and de- true identity of whicl? could not be determined otherwise. These velopment. A number of new mining enterprises have been determinations have been of great assistance in solving the launched as a result, of these office consultations. relationships that exist between the occurrence of many types Inquiries received by mail concerning opportunities for of ores and the rocks and geologic structures with which they prospecting and mining in Alaska and seeking advice as to are associated. favorable minel-a,lized areas, methods of operation, etc., con- A complete set of specimens of all the common rocks and tinue to increase. Incoming and outgoing first class mail minerals, as well as some of the more important rare ones, has handled by the Jufieau office during the past biennium nunr- been secured and is available at Juneau for study by pros- 8 REPORT OF' COMMISSIONER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 9

pectors and others. These specimens suppleinenlt the extensive ed headquarters at liis own llolne near Collegc where he im- collection of ores that are typical of the various mining dis- provisd office space and crude facilities in his unheated garage. t,ricts of Alaska that has been kept at the office for many years. Similar tl~ough less extensive collections llave been T\lc offlcc at Ancho! ngc was in operation only fionl open- placed at the public assay offices at Ketchikan, College and ing in Nay, 1940, to Oclobcr 1, wlien the cng~nccr111 c11al.g~ Nomc. les~gned. A successor was aypo~nted ~n Ncvember, but it was lmpossiblc to secure for llim at Ancllo~ageprior to the close of tile ycar eltller 11vlng qvaiters or office space. For thls reason 111s temporary headquarters have been at Juneau The organic act of the Depa~%mentof Mines requires that Tile olfice al Anchorage will be lcoyened as so011 as suitable 2, ~0llt.iillliiigsurvey or tllc lllillera! rcsourccs and milling op- space can be procured crntions of the Territory be conducted and that information 1.clating thereto be ciisseininated for the purpose of promoting 'The tllird assoc*iatr cnginccr is lx~n~mnnciltlystatioi~ed at the best interests of the mining industry and of t11ose engaged the l~eadc~uastcrsoffice in Juncau. from nrhich base he con- therein, incIuding prospectors and invcstol's. This work is c11lc.t~field investigatio~~sand mine inspection in all regions conducted by three associate ~ninjngengineers, and also by of the Territory riot covc.~cd by thr othcl' cn,'('I 11rr1.s the Cornmissioner of Mines to such extent as freedom from his W~thinthe 13ast 1)i~nn?i1lnayx nxl~>latcly3'30 mining prop- zdlnillistrativc duties pcr~niis. It cinbraces field investiga- c~.tirsand prospects were visited and esaariincd by the associate t ion of pi.opc\iiics, inc>luding cxanlination and sainpling of mi~lingengi~lccis of the Dcpzr tmcnt In the couixe of this l'.~'ospccts;large-scalc geologic iilapping of inc9ivjdunl pros- wo~k confercnccs we1 c held in 1,hc flclci with more than 500 pects. as well as districts of li~nitedarea; consultation on the l)~.ospcctorsand rnlne operatol-s, with whom their problems ground with psospcctors and operators, especially those en- were discussed and to whom vni.ious types of assistancc was gaged in preliminary deve1ol)ment of inining propertics who I cndcred w11c1r I cqucsted. I11 connection wlth tlle field ex- cannot afford to engage private engineers and geologists; and ainlnations approximately 3G0 samples of ore from veins and giving the111 technical assistance and advice when requested. ole zones were cut, the assay results Isom which were fur- It also iilciudes lnine inspection and advising on matters re- nislled frcc to pro spec to^'^ anel other owners, and were used in lating to safety in nlining operations. r re paring sketch maps and reports 011 the properties from During the past bieilnium improvised branch offices of which the sainylcs were obtained associate mining engineer were established at Anchorage and The field work also included geologic reconnaissance in- at College. Owing to lack of funds for paying rental for office vestigation by Mr. Roehnl of considerable areas; notably that space liic associaie enginecr nt Anchorage occupied quartcrs portion of tl~cKuskokwim River region that lies between Good- 1,llat temporarily were furnished gratuitously by the Alaska news Bay and the Tuluksak River, and extensive portions of Railroad in the building that is used as a coal testing labora- Seward Peninsula that included the valley of the Kougarok tory by the U. S. Bureau of Mines. This building is situated River and adjacent ranges, the Bendeleben Mountains, and a in the railroad yards at some distance from the business cen- portion of the Arctic slope south of Deering. In the Kougarok ter of Il~ecity and is ill-suited to the convenience of the pub- region Mr. Roehin was assisted by Mr. Shallit, who conducts lic, which impairs tl~ceffectiveness of the services sought to the field office at Nome and who continued field imvestiga- be rendered. tions and topographic mapping in that area after Mr. Roehm's In the absence of other available quarters at Fairbanks or departure. Manuscript reports on tllese investigations are on College, the associate engineer who is stationed there rnaintain- file in the office at Juneau. REPORT OF CORIMISSIONEE OF MINES 11 10 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES Geophysical Investigations: Limited field invcstigatiolas were also conducted by the Commissioner of Mines in the Broad Pass, Kantishna, Bonni- I11 order to determine the applicability in Alaska of the field, Circle and Fairbanks regions during 1939, withir, which use of geophysical methocls in the solving of problems n'elat- season also many weeks were devoted to supervising the seal- ing to the discovery and outlining of ore deposits that are ing of the extensive inine-fire area in the Suntrana mine at covered by overburden an experimental program was outlined HeaPy and in investigating and regulating coal mining opera- by the Colnmissioner of Mines early in 1939 and field work was ations in the Matanuska field. The season of 1940 was devoted col?lmenced in July of that year by I-ienrg 3. Joestixlg, associate largely to establishing the Anclzorage field office and in direct- mining engineer of the Territorial Department of Mines, who ing investigations to be conducted from it, and in reexamin- is a well. qualified geophysicist. Several mining students who ing mining ol~erationsill both coal fields and in the Fairbanks were attending the Universily of Alaska were engaged as field region. The Livengooct district and the field office at Nome assistants to Mr. Joesting. During the season of i939 imlvesii- were also visited. gations were carried on in the Livengood and Circle placer As a resuit of tlie field investigations that have been con- mining districts and in several sections of the Fairbanks placer ducted by the Department of Mines during the past biennium, area tn7hcre field work was continued during the winter months. several new mineral discoveries have becn made, notably gold Preliminary work on the investigation of gold lodes in the placer deposits; ir?lproved mining practices and equipment Cleary Creek area was also started. llavc becn adopted; develop~~entand minlng programs have During the year 1940 a special investigation was con- been modified and improved; and ll~aily11rospectors and pros- ducted in the Kako Creek valley near the eastem border of the pective investo~shave been directed to localities and enter- Marshall district on the lower Yukon River. This area was prises believed favorable for thern to exanline or undertake. chosen for experimental work because little was known as to During the biennium approxiinately 125 mines of various the nature of the occurrence and the extcnt of its gold placer types, including dredges, were inspected, with special refer- deposits, or as to the geologic conditions that obtained in the ence to safety, by the associate engineers and the Cominission- area, wl-tich had never been mapped. Simultaneously with er of Mines. Wherever unsafe conditions were observed suit- the geophysical field work, geologic mapping of the areas chos- able steps were taken to insure tfllcir correction, in which en for ii~vestigationwas carried on by Ernest Fox. 13rofessor of ready compliance by mine operators and tl~eiremp!oyees was geology at the LJniversit,y of Alaska, wl~ow2s temporarily en- secured in most instances. Disciplinary measures were found gaged for that purpose. The Kal.;o Creek R/lil?ing Company necessary, however, in the case of the Evan Jones Coal Com- cooperated in the investigation by furnishing drill logs that pany at whose Jonesville mine in the Matanuska field non- were used in checking the geophysical and geologic observa- compliance with legal requirements as to underground con- tions and by supplying living quarters for the field party. On ditions and practices was found to exist. completion of this work i11 the early fall the party returned to Fairbanks and resumed investigations that were commenced Although two cases of violation of the law against dry- early in the spring on gold-quartz lode deposits of the Ester drilling in mines were observed and corrected, there was grat- Dome area, particularly in the vicinity of the Ryan lode. @or- ifying colnpliance with the law at nearly all other mines. dial cooperation in this work was received from the Bartholo- mae Oil. Corporation which is prosecuting large-scale develop- Valuable assistance in promoting safe practices in mines. ment work on the Ryan property. continued to be rendered during the biennium by the U. S. Bureau sf Mines through their resident instructor, with whom Geophysical investigation of lode deposits of base ores in the Department of Mines has cooperated closely. Soratheastern Alaska and possibly other regions during the ;2 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES REPOELT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 13 corning biennium is planned if governing conclitions prove fav- orable. Such deposits should be p~articuIarlyamenable to this type of investigation. It is also hoped that geophysical exam- Some Results of the Experinmeartal Geop!aysieal Psograxxl of ination of the lodge-gcdd deposits that are knowil Lo occur in the Territorial Department of Mines close association with major zones of faulting and fraciuring By HENIZY R. JOESTING, in Southeastern Alnsli-a may be similarly investigated. Associate Mining Engineer and Geol~l~yscist A detailccl iechnical paper entitled, "Magnetometer and Direct-current Resistivity Studies in Alaska," that was prepa1.- About a year and a half ago the Territorial Departinent rcl by MI.. Joes.Ling has bee11 printed and issued by the Aineri- of Mines inaugurated a modest experimental geophysical pro- c:in Iustilutc of Mining anti Mctxllurgical Engineers as their gram. The purpose of this !)rogram was to dctcl-mine to what Tecllnical Publication No. 1284. This 1)apcl- will bc read by cxlcnt geophysical xnelhods could bc used as alds to 111111111g Ms. joesting at the annual meeting of the Institute in New and prospecting in Alaska. The following discussion outlines York City in February, 1941. brnefly some of the gold mining and prospecting problems to The following slaten~entprepal-cd by Mr. Joesling gives a which geophysical methods have been nl)plic.d, and also soluc :ion-technical explanation of thc methods employed in his of the results of the cxperirrlcntal work done by thc Department xvork ancl a preliminary report on the results thus far achieved: of Mines.

First, it is well to define the ternzs geophysics and geophys- ical prospecting. Geophysics means, literally, earth physics It is an extremely broad science, since it has to do with mcns- urerneilt and interpretation of all physical phenonlena en- couiliercd in or on the earth, in the sez arid i11 the atmosphere surrounding the earth. For convenience, geophysics is dividecl into several branches, soinc of a1hicll arc inlportant enough to be considered as separate sciences. Solnc of the jmportailt branches are meteorology, oceanography, geodesy and geoplzys- ical prospecting. Geophysical prospecting is coizcerned with measuring and interpretiizg differences in pilysical properties that exist bc- tween mineral deposits and their enclosing rocks, particularly when their presence is not indicated by surface outcrops. There are four general geophysical methods in comnion use; namely, magnetic, electrical, gravimctric and seismic. Each method depends on the existence of measurable differences be- tween the mineral deposits and the adjacent rocks in magnetic permeability, electrical conductivity, density or elasticity. The choice of geophysical method depends on the particular pros- pecting problem and also on such factors as the cost and the RXPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MYNES 15 i 4 REPORT OF COMMISSICNEE OF MINES the second method was chosen; that is, a general study was time required to get results. If tile supposed deposit is reia- made of all of the more important problems. tively shallow and easy to prospect by ordinary methods, then the geophysical neth hod must be simple and inexpensive to be PLACER DEPOSITS of any practical use. On the other hand, if the deposit is Fcr locating 2nd cutlining buried placers the magnetic deep and prospecting is expensive, it is possible to use more method appears to be best adapted. The instrument used for elaborate geoplzysical methods and still save time and money. this work is known as the magnetic field balance, or vertical The magnetic and the electrical methods were chosen by magnetometer. It is not only extremely sensitive, but surveys the Department of Mines for its initial experimental work be- made with this type of instrument are rapid and inexpensive. cause these methods are applicable to the study of most of the The magnetometer can be used for prospecting for placer gold important prospecting and nlining problems encountered in because magnetic minerals, or black sands, are commonly as- interior Alaska; als~the cost of instruments and of field work sociated with the gold. Thus, in many cases, placers may be is comparatively low. They offer the additional advantages outlined simply by finding the nlaximum concentration of of speed and simplicity of operation. Therefore, these two black salads. inethods stand the best chance of being of eventual general use to the small, as well as to the large operator and prospect- Now, it is well known to everyone who has done any placer prospecting or mining that the amount of magnetic black sand or. varies in different placers. Some rich placers contain very Now, having brielly revicwcd tile various geophysical pros- little black sand, while the reverse is true with respect to pecting inethods available, let us look into some of the prob- some low grade ones. And, since magnetic minerals are much lems connected with gold prospecting and mining to which more widespread than gold, black sand occurs in many gravel geophyiscal metlzods might be applied. I11 interior Alaska. deposits that are entirely barren of gold. The presence of most of thcse problems are connected with the muck, silt, and both gold and magnetic minerals in placers depends primarily lesidual deposits that cover a large part of the country, par- on an adequate bedrock source of both materials. For this ticularly in the mature regions. Many of the deposits are season, prospecting for placers with a magnetometer should permaaently frozen; others are thawed. They range in thick- be confined to mineralized regions. lless from a few feet to several hundred feet and constitute the pl-incipal handicap to prcspecting for both lodes and placers. In order to determine in a reasonably short time the ap- plicability of the magnetic method to placer prospecting in The most important of the problems on which geophysical interior Alaska as a whole, about 110 samples of concentrates work has been done are: First, the location of buried placers; from 54 creeks were examined. Magnetic minerals, the most second, the location of buried lodes, and of faults, contacts and important of which was magnetite, were found in all the intrusions that may have a bearing on mineralization; and samples, in amounts ranging from 1 to over 50 per cent, third, the determination of depth of thawed and permanently Magnetometer surveys were tlzen run over several placers to frozen overburden and the distribution of permanently frozen determine the relations between magnetic mineral content and ground. its effect on the magnetometer. Considerable panning was also In undertaking this work two alternative methods of pro- done to ascertain whether magnetic minerals and gold were cedure were considered: We either could have concentrated on generally concentrated in the same parts of placers. one single problem, or we could have made a broad study of all It was found that the presence of relatively small amounts of the important problems. In view of the fact that very little of black sand can be detected by the magnetometer, although previous geophysical work had been done, compared to the of course more black sand is necessary in deep, than in shallow immense amount done in the States and in other countries, mORT OF COR'IMISSIONER OF MINES 17

magnetic properties, and in this manner the presence of quartz placers. Considereci on tllr basis of black sand ~011iclltalone, veins can often be indicated. about 75 per cent of the placers iia the interjor can be located by rnagnetonleter surveys. However, other factors, chief of An electrical method that measures the conductivity of which is occasioizal irregularities in the magnetic properties buried formations has been used successfully for tracing faull of bedrock, reduce this figure to an estimated 50 per cent. zones an6 vcins occurring ir, faults. Fault zones usually con- tain breccia and gouge and this material will conduct an elec- Where the paystreak is v~eildefined and more or less uni- tric current more readily than the undisturbed rock on both iorm, the anlount of black sa:-id has been found to be propor- sides of the fault. tionate to the gold content, and these placers call be outlined with considei'able nccumcy. On the otller hand, where the Both magnetic and electrical inethods have been used by gravel is not wcll sortcd anti therct is no trl..le paystreak, Lhc the Department of Mines for the purpose of tracing bedrock placer can at best be only :ipproximately outlimlcd. Froin data features with which quartz veins are associated. As a rule, gathered i!l this experimental work and from a lmowlcdgc of it has been found necessary to start the geophysical surveys the geology, it is now possible to predict whciller or not mag- where conditions are already known, after which the survey netic mcihods can be used sr.~ccessfullyin any region ill tllc> is extendcc? to u~lkllownarcas. Geophysical prospecting Tor interior. I should mention, however, that the method does not lodes can be used most advalltageously to suppleinent geo- c\lirninate regular prospecting, but it does in some cases eliinin- logical work and in colllzcctioll with direct prospecting. As ate nlucl~prospccting in barrcn ground. Thc low cost and wit11 placer investigations, the primary aiin is not to elim- rapidity of magnetometer sui.vcys nlakc them worth trying inate direct prospecting entirely, but merely to reduce the amount of this slower and more espensive type of work that whenever drilling 0;: shaft sinliing is difficult or espensive. is so often done in unfavorabIe areas. GOLD LODES A casc in poi116 is the work done on Ester Doine in tllc Thc geophysicist; is "1) ag:~insL :I difficult; problem in dc- Fairbanks district during which as inuch illforination as pos- vising a lnetllod for detecting or tracing buried gold-quartz sible was gotten frorn a few natural bedrock exposures and veins. Most gold-quartz vcins 2re small and their physical from what prospect trenches and pits were already there, and properties are often not materially different from those of the during which magnetometer and resistivity surveys furnisilecl country rock. Ever1 in a vein assaying two 01. three ounces suppleinentary information where no bedrock exposures could to the ton, the amount of gold is to@ small to be detecteci be found. Although this work has not been completed, enough Cirectly by any known geophysical rnethod. However, worth- was learned to show that tile general procedure is well suited while rcsults may often be obtained by utilizing a combina- to interior Alaska regions. tion of geology and geophysics. BASE METAL ORE DEPOSITS Tlze position of a vein mzy be coatrollcd by faulting, QY Of the va~iousgeophysical exploration methods available, by the contact of two dissimilar rocks, or it may bear a defi- the ~nagneticand electrical methods are of greatest value in nite relation to intrusions of igneous rocks. In many cases prospecting for base rnctal ore deposits. The method used de- it is possible to trace these struclural features by one or more pends on collditions as determined by prelinninary geological geophysical methods. For example, there is often sufficient studies. Often it is necessary to use more than one method difference in the magnetic properties of rocks on opposite sides to obtain conclusive results. of a fault so that it can be traced by a magetometer survey. Magnetic methods can be used to locate deposits, the mag- Similarly, igneous rocks can be located, and in general any netic properties of which are measurably different from the: contact of dissimilar rocks can be traced through differences in 18 REPORT OF COMMLSSIONER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 19 surrounding rocks. They are of special value in finding ness of muck and gravel in both thawed and permanently froz- highly magnetic deposits, such as nlagnetitc, ilinenite, chrom- en areas. It is possible at present to determine depths when ite and pyrrhotite, but are also useful where the positions of conditions are fairly simple, but where depths are over about ore deposits are determined by geologic structures. Rapid 50 feet. and where both frozen and thawed ground are cn- traverses over highly magnetic deposits call be made with a c80untered, results have nct been uniformly satisfactory. dip needle, or with one of the less sensitive nzagnetic field UNDERGROUND WA'rER l~alances. Whcre detailed and precise measurements are nec- essary, a Schmidt-type field balancc, similar to the one used It was fo~undpossible to deterininc t11c location and ap- by the Department of Mines for magnetic surveys in interior proximate depth 01 water-bearing gravel mldel. permanently Alaska, sllould be used. frozen ground wherever tried, Ihereforc it is probably safe to say that it is possiblc in the majol'ity of cnscs The great- Most clcctr~calinctllods dcpcnd fo~tllcli ol)cration upon est dcptli at which watcr was indicated by i~csistivit,pniethods tlie creation of an electric field of force in the subsurface. was about 100 feet, but under conditioils eiicountercd so far This field may be produced either by passing a direct, or alter- it should be possible to obtain reliable indications to depths nating. current through the ground by means of conductors of several hundred feet. I11 dct~l.lllinill::thc prcsei1c.c of water in contact with the surfacc, or by sending 111 electromagnetic under frozen, ui~consolidateddeposits. advantngc was take11 oP (radio) tvavcs without rnaliing contact with the surface These the grcat dnffe~cncc111 resistivity bctween irozcn and thawed mcthods ut,ilizc thr differciices that, exist betwccn thc elcclrical material The resistivity nlcthod in this case indicates thc pi,opcrti~s01 ~.(~l;ttivclyp,ood conc!~('tors,:IS base ii~ct;~lore dc\- j~rcsc11r.eol tlinwcd k;~'oullci, ral!lc~ U?:111 iltc ;~ctuaiprcsencc posits, and poor conductoi~s, as siliceous rocks surroui~ding of water, th~reforea knowledge of local siratigl-aphg was foul~c! G~Cdeposits to be hclpful ill interpreting the rcsistivii y mcaswements As Thc dil.cct cui.reut ~,cslsti\~itynicthod used by thc Depart,- a rule, llowcver, thaared si)ots, or layers, in unconsolidatccl lnent of Mij~esis capable of obtaining informalion at coinpar- gi.ounc1 a1.e 1il;cly to be water-bearing gravel. atively grcat depths. but is slower than some of the less powcr- Wllcre the overbu.rdei1 is thawed, the proble111 GC det,erm- ful mct!lods For rauid reco~~nxissanccsurvsys, any one o! ining tl~clocation and appl,oxi~uat.cdcptl~ of \vatci.-bearing l!lc scvcral low-powc!.cd i.:idio mc.t!~ods slio~llrl bc uscf::l in grave! is Ixore difficult, exccl~t\vli!\r(. l,he grava.1 is very Ihick, prospecting fo~'1ni.g~ dc;)osits in Southeaster11 Alaslia 01. closc ?.o the surfa.ce. Wndcr favorable condilions watc'i. has bccn located unclrr thawxl g!.ound ai, cicpt,hs o!' 80 to FROZEN GROTJND AND DEPTT-I OF OVEKBURDEN 100 feet. Tile resistivity of unlel.-bearing grnvel is llii;!~cr Ecsiclcs tlic wo1.k 011 buriecl l~lncersand lodcs, the 1lcl)art- Ihal? illat of n:cl~:ely ilioist gl'avr.1 01' silt, but is much lo~vci'thlzn 11:t>11C ol. nfii~cs11:s c:~:.i'ied oli cxprl'imcl~tal~ilor!r Sol the 11~1'- tl~ntol' Irozcn cic~)osits. pose oi clcvclopii!g ~c~ol>l~y:;ic.alnlctl~ods to tlcl,cl.minc the locn- T1lcl geop1lysic:~l ~01.1.: bcin!; done by t,hr Dc!)ni'lmcni ol' l ioil and cstcnt of pci.~i~nncntlyI!.ozcn ground :tnd also 1 o ivlincs is sliil in an ex~?erimcnta.l stags; ncvc~.l.li(tlcss,enough cictcrn~iilcclcptlls cf mucB and gravel overburden. has been accomylislied to prove that geophysics 11a.s a definite It was found tllnt l'rozen mi.lck and gravel arc extremely and an iinportarlt place iiz gold prospecLiiig and ll~.i.nii~g.both poor conductors of electricity compal.ed to their thawed coun- PILZCCI-and lodc, and in tl:c detcctio:l and estimation of the ex- terparts. Advantage is taken of these differences in conduc. tent of base-metal ore deposits. tivity to develop a rapid and inexpellsivc method of finding the extent and depth of froze11 deposits. Considerable atten- tion has also been paid to the problem of finding the thick- 20 REPORT OF COMMISSIONEE OF MLNES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 21 Assay Offices: Xiscellaueous* ...... 15 3 0 45 The usefulness and inlportance of the three public assay Water ailalyses ...... 52 52 offices that were establiskec! in 1931 at Ketchikan, College Icle!ltifications ...... 174 5 3 27 260 and Nome, respectively, have been amply demonstrated during the past biennium. They have been liberally patronized by Year the public and have served as a definite stimulus to prospect- Gold-Silvex ...... 1.918 Copper ...... 30 ing al;d developn~entwworii in the regions served by them. Lead ...... 14 Through the rnediulrl of these offices the Department of Zinc ...... 8 Platinum ...... f Mines has beell kept constantly advised as to any discoveries Molybdenunl ...... 17 of new mineral dcposits ir, the Territory, and by interviews or P.ntinlc~ny ...... 23 Tuligstc~i ...... 8 correspondence with tllc discoverers Ilas becrl enabled lo assist Tin...... 43 in appraising the potential importance of such deposits. When- Chromium ...... 86 Miscellaneous* ...... 226 ever the results of these preliminary inquiries have appeared Water analyse..: ...... 61 to justify it and the discoverer has desired it a field exam', ma- Idcntiiicatiuns ...... 261 tion of the deposit has becn made by an engineer of the De- partment of Mines. To:,al for the biennium .... At the present the special importance attaches to the .'-----Inciudcsnlumi~ln, nr,scnic, bal.ium, beryllium, bi.smut11, bullion. cad- discovery and devc1o~)nlentof deposits of thc strategic min- mium. calciunl, cob:~lt.Pluorine, iron, lime. nlagnesium, nlal~ganese. erals: Tin, tungsten, antimony, cl~rorniunz,platinum, mercury, rncl.c~il-y.]lickel, pho.sp11oi-us. potassiuln, strontium ancl te!luriuln. niolybdenum, manganese and nickel, all of which occur in Alaska. Tlic public assay offices have beell pa~ticulal-lyusc- ful during the past year in testing samples of sucll minerals. It will be noted in the subjoined tzbu!ar. statement of the min- During the past t!lrce yea-s the Department of Mines has eral determinations made at tlle assay cffices during the past cooperated with the University of Alaska by undertaking on its biellniunl that tho numbcr of samples of strategic lni~lerals I>ellalf the giving of an extcnsioil course in mnineral identifica- that havc been subillittcd for nssayi~ghas inc~easedsubstan- tion and mining to prospectors and otIler ilzt.crested persons tially d~ri'ingthe pasl; year. at Nome. This course is given by Aben Shallit, assayer-in- charge and field engineel- of the Dcpartnlent of Mines at Nome, who is temporarily transferred to the University staff Mineral T)cter~nin:~tiolasMade ni Territorial for tllc necessary period during the winter monllls. The re- Ass:ly Officrs sponse to this offer of training has bcen grrttifjring. The course Tcar 1939 UP- Substances affords a valuable source of education to the particil~allts Determined College I

Geologic Ttlaps aaad Itcporlis:

Geologic maps and reporbs are indisper.isnble to the pros- pector and field engineer in their search for mineral deposits. Splendid service has been rendered to Alaska by the U. S. Geological Survey in ful-nishing for gencral distribution such More este:lsive, better ciirccted and I~ettcrfinanced explor- maps and reports over a period of many years. However, atory, prospecting and development activity is the primary during recent years funds available to the Survey for contin- need of the milling industry in Alaslia. This is essential to uing this service on the needed scale have been inadequate. the mniiltei~nnccof its prcserit ])roduct,ive prosperity aild its Many of t!le excellent, ma.ps and rcpot'ts that I?;tve been issuecl future nonnal growth. Too gwat a porccntage of the efforts in tl~epast covering the Territory's most iml~ort,antmineral- and resources of nlilling operators of the Territory is being ized regions have for several years been out of print and are devoted to the sole task of extracting mineral wealth from de- 110 longer available for the use of the public except by consul- veloped reserves and Par too 1ittl.e to the search for and test- Latior] at libraries in the Ia..rger cit.ic:i. Among the iinpol-tant ing of new deposits that will be needed to replace those cur- maps and reports of which the supply has become exhausted rently being depleted with ever incl:easing rapidity. are those relating Lo the Juneau Gold Gelt, tlle geology and rnine1.a.1 rcsoul.ccs of Southcastcnl Alaska, the Sitka district 'I'liis pl~obic~~~lis bcilig ~ncllill c:cl.taiil port.ions of Cnnatl:~. end the west coast of Chichagof' Island, lhc 1'or.cupine district, by syndicates organized for tthc pm'pose and by some of the Prince William Sound, Kenai Peninsu!a., Fairbanks district,, larger rnining companies. One large lnini~lgcompany regu- Fortymile region, and several sections of Seward Peninsula, larly maintains a corps of expcriei>ccd p~'ospectorsin the field including the Nonle district. To serve their purpose these at widely scattered and often remote localities where geologic pub1icat;ions sliould be readily and continuously available to conditions are thought to be favorable for the occurrence of the individual so that; he may t.a.ke tlleln wit11 him on his ex- inillera1 deposits. These prospectors are paid a monthly sal- ploratory and prospecting expeditions. It is recommended ary and are assured of a liberal cash purchase price plus a that the Legislature men~oria!ize the Cong:ess to approprizte substantial share in any productive mining enterprise that funds adequate in amount and specifically for the purpose of results from their discoveries. The company maintains at its enabling the Geological Survey to reprint ancl reissue for dis- own expense a fleet oP airplanes that are used for transport- tribution to the public at cost those maps and reports at least ing and keeping in touch with the prospecting pasties and for that relate to the districts and areas listed above and also to supplying them with provisions and equipment. Serious con- conduct such field work as may be necessary in the judgment sideration of the feasibility of adopting some such plan is of the Survey to bring such maps and rc~)ortsup to date. recommended to the n~iningopel.ators 01' Alaska and especially to those who are now reaping the greatest benefits from pro- ductive operations in the Territory. Safety Measures: A well directed prospecting program having for its prin- In the sections of this report that deal with mine accidents cipal aim the discovery and development of additional deposits and inine safety, attei~tionhas been directed to the results of the strategic minerals, nearly all of which are known to of a recent study that has beell conducted by the Territorial occur in Alaska, if undertaken promptly and with liberal. sup- Department of Mines on the trend of accident occurrence port might reveal important supplies of at least some of these during the past decade. This study has revealed that during ~nineralsand thus contribute substantially in meeting the na- this period accidents at mines have tended to increase both tion's present needs. in frequency and in severity much more rapidly than has the 24 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 25

total number of shifts worked at mines. The study reveals vary in length in accordance with the seriousness of the neg- also that a high percentage of mine accidents, including fatal- lect and degree of responsibility. The severity of the penalty ities, have occurred as a result cf carelessness and the neglect is increased for repeated offenses, with complete dismissal as of simple precaution against hazardous practice or failure to the maximum. Within the first year after these safety meas- recognize the existence of hazards in his practice on the part of ures were put in effect the number of lost-time accidents that the injured person and often also on the part of the mine occurred at their principal mine was reduced from over 4400, officials under whose direction his work was being performed. -the number that had occurred during the previous year,-- The number of accidenits that have happened from such to four, a reductioil of 99 per cent. The adoption of similar causes far outnumber those that have resulted from any unsafe methods by mining operators in Alaska and cordial coopera- physical condition in the mine plant or mine workings. Perio- tion~by their employees in all efforts to promote safe practices, dic mine inspection by a law-enforcing agency will not suffice iiicluding willing acceptance 01 just disciplinary measures, in curing this conditiora. In order to be effectively solved the will go far toward minimizing accidents in our milies. problem must be met by the mine officials and their employees jointly, through the adoption of more rigid disciplinary meas- Transportation: ures where responsibility for unsafe practices and the exist- Facilities for transporting the supplies, rquipment and pro- ence of unnecessary hazards that result in accidents can be ducts of. mines in the Territory have continued to improve dur- fixed either upon an official or upoil an employee; by im- ing the past two years, particularly through expansion of air- p~ovec!suptrvision over and more cal'eiul instruction of the l~larleservice inade possiblc by the construction of new air worker in safe methods of performing his individual tasks; fields and inlprovement of existirig fields. through a tl~o~oughand immediate investigation of the cause of each accident by a safety committee and also by a safety By lowering operating costs adequate transportation facil- engineer if one is employed, and by applying tlie findings in the ities make it possible to mine lower grade material, which in prevention of similar conditions, and by cordially supporting turn increases minable reserves and results in true conserva- and participating in the safety training program offered by .tion by maxinlum utilization of resources. the U. S. Bureau of Mines to the end that every mine offi- As transportation systems are expandcd new mineralized cial and ein~loyeeshall be properly equipped to administer areas become accessible for exploration, prospecting and de- first aid to the injured and to be aware of the hazards and velopment and continued progress of the mining industry is practices that result in accidents. In order to be successful thus more definitely assured. such safety programs must be inaugurated by and be actively participated i11 by the mine officials in cElarge of the operation. The local representatives of 'tlie Federal road and trail- building agencies have contilzueci in their efforts to improve Tllc eifcctiveness oi such mcasul.es has been aillply dem- their valuable services to the nliiling industry in such degree onstrated. At the mines of the PheIps Dodge Corporation, as limited funds and restrictive regulatioiis by which they whose safety record is enviable, every employee is required to are conirolled have permitted. receive safety and first aid training before entering upon his Larger appropriations have enabled the Territorial High- duties for which a skilled trainer is constantly employed. A way Engineer to give increased assistance to scores of liliiling code has been sdopted by this company under which every operators in grovidii~gand improving transportation facilities employee, including officials of all capacities, are disciplined needed for the success of their operations. wllen found responsible for the existence of conditions or for acts and practices that result in an accident. The discipline A particularly valuable contribution that has been made usually consists in laying off the offender for periods that ,by the Territorial Highway Engineer during the past year is 2G REPOET OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES

the proposal of s well coorciinated systein of new roads that would link together the existing ~ntcrnalhig!iways of the Ter- ritory and provide a new tidewater terminus for the whole systein at Haines in southeastern Alaska. If this plan were adopted and tlle proposrd Ilig!lways constr.uctcd, extensive known mineralized regions now rr.1atively inaccessible would The nlosi productive years ul the anx,~lsoi n:in::1g 111 be opened for exp!oration and development. The plan is heart- ily indorsed and its executicn as speedily as funds for tlle pur- Alaslia \tiireretllc three years Irom 1915 Lo 1917, inclusivc, whlch pose can bc made available is i.ecommended. marked the period of niasiiniinm produci~on1ro11i the iil~nesoi tile ICeilileco'Lt Copper Corporatioil. Annual psoductlon reach- <:cl I~Shlghcsl peali 111 Ill? year 1916 whci~tlic total v>iluc>of all nnncl'als produced was $45,337,000. 01 tliis total $29,434.- 000, or 61 per cent. represents the vslue of tile copper ores illat wcre mined and shipped during that year Thc Icmaln- ing 29 per cent ~cp~'cscntstile comb~ncdvniuc of ~ol(1:~nd all othcl m~ner,z!s pioduccd d~x-ingih~ same pei.iod Over olie- foul th of all mineral weallh that Alaska has produced canle from lllc Kcnnccott group of copl~c~miiic\s, tlic. total value of whose output was in cxccss of $220,000,000 These milies togetile1 w~thtile rnllway Pine appsos~mately 200 miles ln length that scl-vcd them, were disrnai~t,ledand poi nlanelally abandoned at the beginning of the past bienlliuill The value of copper produced in Alaska fell from $7,717,000 for the bien- nium ended December, 1938, lo $38,000 for tlle past biennium, and the output fo~.the year 1940 fell to a11 cstllllatecl value of only $7,900

. Th~sgreat loss that was sustained througll the ccssatiol~ of copper mming was co~npensatedto a sul-prising degree, how- ever, by the augmented output of other minerals during tlle past two years; notably gold, platinum metals and coal. New l'ecord values for the annual ouput of gold llave been set during each of t.lle past three years, and the output for the year 1940 exceeded that of the previous lligh year by $3.- 600,000, according to the preliminary estimate of the U. S. Bureau of Mines. Alaska contributes 13 per cent of all gold mined in the, United States and its output is exceeded in vaiue by that of California and the Philippine Islands only. Arnoilg lode-gold mines of the United States, exclusive of REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 2 9 2,8 REPQRT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES The value of the gold output from lode inines was $360,000 the Philippines, the Alaska Juneau property ranks first PIX Jess in 1940 than that produced in 1938. The decrease in pro- tonnage output of ore and also in low per-ton cost of produc- ductive lode-gold operations took'place principally ai~longthe fion; and second in the value of its output, in wllic!l respect small mines of Southeastern Alaska, Prince William Sourld it is surpassed by the Homestake mine in Soutll Dakota. and to a lesser extent in the Fail-banks district. The most not- For the past three years the Pildepclldellce mine in the able advance in gold-lode inining activity occurred in the 'iVillow Creek district has taken the rank of 11th greatest pro- Willow Crcek mining district of the Third Divisiox, where l~*-~~I AV duced of lode-gold in the United States. ciuction, dcvelopiileizt activity and employment at mining properties all increased substantially. Particularly noteworthy Alaska also holds first rank in the United States in the was the growth in importai~ceof the llldependencc Mine of production of the strategic minerals antimony, platillurn and the Alaska Pacific Coilsolidatecl. Mining Co., which during the tin. In the field of strategic minerals it is now also produc- bienniuni took rank as the eleventh largest gold produding ing mercury in significant an?ount and is a potential produc- mine in the United States. er of chromium, n~olybdenuln,nickel and possibly tungsten. As llerctofore has been the case for lllaily YCZTS, however. An unfavorable feature of the present situation in the in- the 1n:tjor portioli of the lode-gold production of the Territory clustry is the extent to which maintenance of the present high has been derived during the biennium from thc operations of level of production depends upon placer mining operations. tdle Alaska Juncau Gold Mining Co., at Juneau, from which Although 110 sc~iousdiininntion of output from this source in 62 per cent of the total yield came in 1939. Rlthougil final t.1~imincdiate futu1.c is anticipxt.ct1. installation of additional fig1u.t~on the production of gold from tllc Alaska Juneau dredges and other rnccllanical niining equipment and i::creased nine are not yet available for the year 1040, a pre1iminas.i- efficiency in the operation of plants now in use will be respons- estirnate ii~dicatesthat its value will probably fall below that ible for the sustained output rather than any increase in re- for tlle year 1939 by about $230,000; and that the output for serves of nlirlable material. As has been einphasized in pre- the biennium will have a value of approximately $1,691,000 vious reports on the condition of the mining inclustry, discov- lrss than that for the bienniunl 1937-1935. The Alaska Juneau cry and developlnent of new mineral reserves in the Terri- rniile continued to maintain its rank of second in value of tory ciuring receilt years have not been keeping pace with the output aniong the lode-gold nlines of the United States.''' increasingly rapid extraction of minerals from lllose already outside of the Philippines, ax well as first in point of tonnagc I;nnwn and developed. This is a very unhealthy condition in sf ore l-rlined and in low cost per-ton of ore production. an industry that is based upon an exhaustible and unreplen- jshable resource and the inevitable disastrous result of its Anlong othcr notewortl~yoccurrences ill the field of gold- cont,inllance is obvious. lode nlining during the year were the expanded develop~nel~i ope~.ations at deeper levels of several inines in the Willov: Creek and Fairbanks districts particularly and the success ill increasing ore reserves that attended these developments. Two Although tlle number of active lode illinii~gproperties in new gold-lode properties that give pron?ise of becoming im- the Territory has increased by 35 during the past bienilium portant mines reached tlae productive stage during the bien- the number of producing lnines has decreased by twelve, and nium. These were the Ryan lode of the Bartlzolo~naeOil Go. the number of men enlployed at proctuctive mines was 210 on Ester Dome in the Fairbanks district, and the Golden Zone lfqs in 1940 than in 1038. Dui-ing ille same period lode prop- mine near Colorado station in the Broad Pass district. ertles under developnlent have increased in number from 31 4 to 78 and the number of men employed from 161 to 289. '--U. S. Bureau of Mines, Mineral Year Bwk, 1940. 1I ;1 30 XEPORT :OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 31 19 During the bienniurn ended Decembel- 31, 1935, there was small lots will be made from at least some of these properties produced ill Alaska copper ore whose total value was $7,717,000, in the near future. and in the mining of which' about; 230 lnen weye employed. As a result of the ~~ermanentclosing of the mines of the Ken- During the year 1940 production of mercury in significant nec0t.t group in the fall of 1935, the prodiiciion of copper in quantity was commenced after many years during which the the Territory practically ceased and there appears to be no known cinnabar deposits of Alaska were unproductive. This likelihooc? of a resumption 01 copper mining on a substantial resull~]t:tio:~of productivity was due to the high prevailing .scalc within the near future. market price of quicksilver which justified the installatiolx of two new retorts which were placed in operation rather late in No oics clliefly valuable for then- content 01 lead and sii- the year at thc Red Devil property on Barometer Mountaiil vcr ale ruined in Alaska cxccpt Intermittently in sinall lots ncar Park's in tlle ccntral Kuskokwfm River region. Thc grade Howevcr, substantial an~ounlsof these metals have been pro- of the ore found on this property whicll was discovered rather iiuced as by-prociucts in the trcatmcrlt of ores whose greatest recently is substantially higller than that on properties from ~aluchas bcen In the gold or copper contained in tliem There which productio~~came when cinnabar was lnined and retort- wa: a pronounced decrease 111 the value of 221e output for the ed in ncarby 1.cgions many years ago. Tllc ~'elativeimport- pzst b~enniumof l30tl1 lead and silver, especial!y the latter. ance of tile Red Devil property as compared with the oldcr In the case of lead tl~rdecrease rcflccts largely the lowered propcrtics from which former production llas con~eis indi- piodnct~ouol t11(\ Alaski~J11nen11 minc, iron1 w111c*liuc:lrly the c-at,ctl bv the Pact that; during t.11~few ~nontllsof 19/10 Illat cllt,~rco11tp11t cSo~nc~s Tllc vnlur of tllc' silver producctl during i'ollowcci llle installation of thc rctorls above mentioned more thc lisst two years is only sliglltly over one-third of that pl-o- c!uicksilvcr was produced than the entire recorded past out- ciurcd d~r117gthe preceding bienni~!~n.This heavy rcduriion put of all othcl. properties in Alaska combincci. 1s clue mostly to the ccssatlon of o$)erations by the 1Ccnncc.ott Company whose copper orcs carricd a very substantial r?inount D~uingtllc past yrar new retorts MIC~Calso shipped to a of silve~ A part of fdhrredurtion mas also clue to the lowcred lode cinnabar deposit situated on the shore of Bering Sea cut],ut 01 the Alaslca Junean nlinc n~arEluff and to the Hudson cinnabar lode near Livengood. Al the 1zt~erp:.operty old xo~kingsthat llad caved vccrc clear- Aiasira occu?.)ictlthc rank cf Pirst iil the Ullitcd St.atcs in cct out 2nd s2;mplcs were i,akcn of the cinnabar-bearing veil1 ordei. 01 value of nntiniony ore procluccd during tlic v?ar 1938. 111 p1nc.c No :~ddition;zlnew cltvelopnicnl work has been donc ancl ::econd i;? c~uantityo!.' uu.l.pui;, in whiell it was su1.1-!nsseci :,i the. EluIP l~i.o!)cl-tyand al ncither locality has procluction only by Itlaho.::' Thc outl;ut during tilie past two ycx!.:; l~as of (lui~!

ounces, valued at $26,752,000. The production figures for the Some of the most important mining ente~.prises to be year 1940 that were used in preparing the following tables arc launched 111 Alaska during the past few years have been fin- based on the preliminary estimate released by the Department anced through mining loans that have been advanced by the of the Interior Geological Survey, under date of January 1, Reconstruction Finance Corporation. These enterprises in- 1941. It will be noted that tlze Eureau of Mines estiillate clude the dredging operations of the Goodnews. Bay Mining &ove given exceeds that of the Geological Survey by 40,200 Company in the platinum field of Salmon River and its tribu- fine ounces in quantity and by $1,407,000 in value. Correc- taries and the gold-dredging operations of the Alluvial Golds, tions in those amounts to all of the figures used i1-i the sub- Inc., on Woodchopper Creek in the Circle district. During the joined tables Numbers I and 11 that involve the estimate of past biennieun anothcr majol. miniilg enterprise that was gold produced in the year 1940 will therefore be required if financed by the R. 3'. C. became productivc. This was the the Bureau of Pdirmes estimate proves to be more accurate than gold-dredging operation of Livengood Placers, Inc., a sub- that of the Geological Survey sidiary of the Callahan Zinc Lead Company of Wallace, Idaho. The loan granted to this corllpal~ywas approved in tllc suxn of $1,350,000.

A loan in the sum of $40,000 is repo~tedto have been Summary of increases and decreases it1 the value of the made during 1940 to A. S. Crane and Irving McK. Reed of various minerals produced in Alaska during the bienniunl end- Fairbanks, whose gold placer mining property is in the Ram- ed December 31,-1940, as compared with the preceding bien- part district. nium: No authentic information has been rcceivcd of any min- Comulodil.y Illcrease Decrease ing loan having yet been granted by the R. F. C. for operatioils on deposits of strategic minerals in Alaska. However, it is Gald ...... $5.1 11,000 Silver ...... $ 412.000 understood that preiilninary ii~vestigationshave been made of Copper ...... -. ..- .. 7,679.100 tin deposits in the Ear Mountain section of Seward Peninsula Lead ...... 23,800 by private persons in anticipation of the granting of an R. F. C. Till ...... 208.100 loan for launching a productive enterprise if the preliminary Alltin1011y ...... 38,WO tests prove favorable. Platinum ...... 462,100 Coal ...... 128,100 Lime Rock ...... 12,400 PRODUCTION Mercury ...... 29,3,00 Totals ...... $5!742.900 $8,361,000 In the following two tables is displayed the trend of pro- Net decrease in productioil ...... $2,618,100 duction of mineral commodities both within the biennium ended December 31, 1940, and in ccinparison with the pi-eced- The recorded production of each individual mineral com- ing biennium. Subsequent to the preparation of these tables modity for year of the past two biennia is show11 in a press release issued by the Department of the Interior, Bu- Table 11. ieau of Mines, under date of January 21, 1941. has been re- -- *--Stati,stics on production used in thi,s report are derived from pub- ceived which announces their prelimi~zsry estiinatc of the lished reports i.ssued ,by the U. S. Geological Survey, except those re- amount and value of the gold produced in Alaska during the lating to antimony, coal, lime rock and mercury, which were secured from ,the U. S. Customs Service or from data obtained from original year I940 "in terms of recoverable melai" to be 765,200 fine sources by the Territorial Department of Mines. 4 40 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 1 REPORT OF COhlMPSSIONER OF MINES 4 1 34 TABLE II ! 1939 256,000 $ 30.0~0 1940 ...... 70.000 7.900 Value of minerals produced in Alaska during the biennia 1 Total for Biennium ...... $ 37,900 ending December 31, 1938, and December 31, 1940, respectively: I Decrease in value ...... $ 7,679,100 I14 Valaaes of A11 htia~eralsFrodnrecl Year Alnol11~1and Value of 1,ead Proclured Year Pou~~cl:~ Value 1937 ...... 2.004.000 $ 120.400 1938 ...... 2,224,000 105,400 Total for Eimnium ...... ------1939 $2.5 281 GOO Total for Biennium ...... 1940 27.597.800 -- Total for Blenniunl

Dccrcase in value .... Total for Eiellni11m ...... Dcrl-case ill vnltle .

H'c:ar l'it~c Ou~roes Valor R~nonnl.and T'altre of Tin I'rorltrced 1935 582 085 $20 373.000 IS38 662 000 23.170.000 ------Totnl for Elenniunl ...... $ 201.400 1939 665.115 $23,279,000 Total for Bienilium 1940 725.000 25.375.000 1939 ...... 54.000 $ 37,300 ------Total for Bleilrllulll 1940 ...... 92.200 46.000 Total for Eielliliui~i ...... 83,3110 Increase in value ...... Decrezsr in value ...... $ 208,100 Amount and Value of Silver Produced :11nou11tand Value of A~llin~onyProdtaccrl Year Fine @orrcts Vaiue Pour~cls Valtie 1937 495,000 X 384.000 1938 474,910 307.000 ...... 1,060.532 $ 44.700 .-. ------...... 830.000 26,400 Total fol B1cnnl11111 Total for Bicnniunl ...... $ 71.100 1939 ...... 203.500 $ 138.000 1940 ...... 198.300 141.000 ...... ?,04,000* $ 12.500 ----- ...... 560.000:' 20,600 Totnl for Bienni~ull ...... ---- Total for Biennium ...... 33,100 Decrease ill value ...... Decrease in value ...... $ 38,000 Axnon~~ti~rad Valrnr of Copper Froclncecl Amount and Valare of T'latinum RBetaIs Produced Year Pnnl~ds Value Year Fine Or~nces Vxl~~e 1937 ...... 36.007.000 $ 4.741.000 1937 ...... 8,131 $ 397.600 1938 ...... 29.?60.000 2.976.000 1938 ...... 34,420 1,229,300 --- ..... -- Total for Biennium ...... Total for Biennium ...... $ 1,626,900 42 REPORT OF COIKMISSICJXER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF R4INES 43

1939 ...... 27.230' $ 997.000 1940 ...... 28.560 1.092,OOO

Totnl ior Bicnniunl ...... 2,080.000 --.- Incrensc in value ...... $ 462,100 ':'-.U. S. Custonls The distribution by judicial cii~risionsof nli?ling operatio!ls oi' various types, both active and inactive, during tile bienrliunl ended December 31, 1940, a21d the ttverzge iluxnber of tnc;~ Year Short Tons Value employed at active mines, are exhibited in the following Tab!e 1937 ...... 131,600 $ 552.7019 No. 111. 1938 ...... 159.230 620.900 A coml>,zrison of conditions with ~.cspcc*t,to the nun~bel- of active properties of all types and crews einployed at the close of the past biennium with similar conditions at the close of the preceding biennium is sct forth in Table No. IV. Total for Biennium ...... 1,301,700 Idode Mining: Incrcase in value ...... $ 128.100 The extelli of lode mining as indicated by the number .411101tllt ancE Vnluc of Einme Etork Procluced of producing mines and the nurnber of properties under devel- Pear Tons Value opment, together wit11 the number of lnen employed during 37 ...... 129,544 $ 72.400 1938 ...... 102,707 86.600 the year 1940, in each judicial division is slzown in Table No. V, and shipping mines are listed in Table No. VI. Total for Bie~lrliuin ...... $ 159,000> Placer Mining: The extent and distribution of dredging and other types Total for Biennium ...... 171,400, of placer mining operations throughout the Territory at the Illcrease in value ...... $ 12,:OO. close of the past bieniliunl are summarized in Tables Nos. VII, VIII and IX. Amounb, and Value of nIercors7 Praduced Year Flasks Value 1937 ...... $ 1938 ...... 10 700

Total for Biennium ...... $ 700, 1939 1940 ...... 151 $ 30.000'. Total for Biennium ...... $ 30,000 - Increase in value ...... $ 29.300. "--Estimated value. TzlELE 111 IL. 1.ist ol' Alii~ii~~Ol~cx:~lioi~s l>y I)ij,isiot~> Year 1939 Year 1940 -- -. . -- -~ -- - Men Men Employed Employed Total In- at active Totai In- at active Type of Opera5ion Number Active active b1vIine.s Number Active active Mines m -- -.. - 'a First Divisioll: $ Lode ...... 55 2 8 2 7 1,203 59 36 23 1,213 '-3 Placer ...... 3 3 22 4 4 .... 34 $ Non-metallic ...... 2 2 .... 30 1 1 ... 20 Secol~clDivision : 8 Lode ...... 4 3 1 G 10 8 2 15 Placer ...... 113 102 11 537 119 108 11 538 dredge.^ ...... 27 24 3 632 28 24 4 490 u, Non-metallic ...... 2 2 ... 2 ...... E 0 Tllircl Division: '2 Lode ...... 54 4 0 1-1 502 48 37 11 552 . Place? ...... 59 5 1 8 285 6 1 5 2 9 280 Coal inines ...... 4 3 1 4 6 5 3 2 GO % Oil ...... 3 2 1 97 ...... z Fa~~rthDivision : 2 Lode ...... 4G 40 G 176 5 2 42 10 1'77 m Placer ...... 369 341 28 1.555 353 332 2 1 1,449 Credges ...... 28 28 ... 1.045 20 28 1 1,415 Coa! mines ...... 2 2 .... 5 1 1 1 ... 5 9

- -- - A------771 671 100 6.189 7.70 676 94 6,302

TABLE IV Coknl~arison of i\Iining Operations for Two Biell~lia Listed by Types -- Biennium Bienlliulll Emdecl 1938 Ended 1940 Number Xumbe: Increase Decrease Z of active Men of active Men Mines Men IvIines Men Type of Operation bliiles Employed Mines Employed % Lode mines 88 ... Placer mines (other 283 ,than dredges) ...... 464 Dredges ...... 45 622 Coal mines ...... 4 ... Non-metallic ...... 2 0 .... Oil drilling ...... 2 Miscellaneo~~...... -- Totals ...... 683 GOB REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES REAORT OF :CQMNLI;SSZONER OF MINES 47

TABLE V Seccmd Anlericarl Tin Fields, Inc. Till oxide coilcentrate Distrihukiolm of Active Lode Operations by Jrailicial Divisions U. S. Smelting, Refining & Black sands: Gold, Silver Milling Co. Pear 1940 (Nome operations) Judicial Productive Under Thirct Division (with mills) D?v~iopll~~lit Alaska Pacific Coilsolidaled Sull)l~ide--concei~ti'iit~:Gold, Silver. Nuillbcr Men Nuruber M?n hliiling CO. Lead, Copper Cliff Gold Mines, Inc. Sulphidc-concentrate : Gold, Silver Firs:. Divisioll ...... 10 1.129 2 6 84 Secon tl Division ...... 3 Crow Crrck Gold Corp. Sulphidr-concentrate: Gold, Silver Third Division ...... 19 Fourth Division ...... 13 Gold Cord Devrlopment Co. Snlphidc-concent,rnte: Gold, Silver, -. -- -. . - - --. Lead. Copper Totals ...... 45 1.GG& 'is 239 Fern Mine Sulphide--concentrnte: Gold, Silver, (Fern Gold Leasing Co.) Lcad. Copper Tctal nuinber of active operatiolls ...... 123 Total nunlber of mcn cmployed ...... 1,957 Gold Mint Mill? Slilphide --co~!centr:~lc:Gold. Silver (Johnson & A.ssociates) Golden Zone Mine, Inc. Sulphide-concentrate: Gold, Silver, Lead, Copper TABLE VI Lindslcy. Geo. Sulphide-conceutratc: Gold, Silver Mabelle Mines, Inc. Sulphide-concentrate: Gold, Silver List of Mining Coinpaniec That Shipped Ores or Co~lcentratesto Outside Sltlellers Nabesila Mini119 Corp. Sulpllide-concentrate: Gold. Silver. D~lringBierl~~iri~n 1339-40 Lead, Copper, Zinc New Hope, Inc. Ore: Gold, Silver Divisi:)ll Conlpnnjr Nature of Ore or Co~lceiltr~ite First Oracle Mine S~ilphidc-concentrate: Gold, Si!ver .k!nskn Elnpire Gold Mining Co. Sulphidc-concelltrntc: Gold. Sil- Portage Gold Mines, Ltd. Sulphide--concentrate: Gold, Silver, ver. Leacl, Zinc Lead r2!aska Gold & Metnls Co. Sulphide - concentrate: Palladiuni. Superior Mines, Inc. Sulphide-concentrate: Gold, Silvcr Copper, Gold United Mining & Development Sulphide-concentrate: Gold, Silver Alaska Juneau Gold Mining Co. Sillphide-concentrate: Gold, Silver, Co. Lead, Zinc, Copper Willon: Creek Mines Sulphide-concentrate: Gold, Silver Apes El Nido Mining Cn. Sulphide-concentrate: Gold, Silver E~ourttl Cnntu hdirliilg Co. Ore: Gold. Silver, Lead Bartholomae Oil Corp. Sulphide-concentrate: Gold. Silver Cllichagoff Milling Co. Sulphide-concentrate: Gold, Silver Cleary Hill Mines, I~c. Sulphide-concentrate : Gold. Silver Flxgstarf Mining Co. Sulpl~ide-concentrate: Gold, Silver. Hi Yu Miiliilg CO. Sulphide-concentrate : Gold, Silver Lead, Copper Morris P. Kirk & Sons, Uc. Sulphide-anti.~~lony ore Gold Standard Mine Sulphide-concentrate: Gold, Silver c Folswarzny & Associates) Nickaloff Mines, Inc. Sulphide-concentrate : Gold, Silver Kil-st Chichagof Mining CO. Sulphide-cancentl-ate: Gold, Silver Red Top Mining Co. Sul.phide-concentrate: Gold, Silver Kasaan Gold Mine Sulphide-concen,trate.: Gold, Silver U. S. Smelting, Refining & Black sa~lds:Gold, Silver (We~ldellDawson) Mining Co. Nelson & Tift Sulphide ore : Gold, Silver, Pyrite (Fairbanks operatioils) REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF' MINES

TAELE VII ,f,dlOa, C-

--++ala, 9,istribution of Dredges by Divisions + Id nncl Precincts Tlenr - 1940 Seconci Division: Number of

Preciilct dredge.^ -~mtn r- la, Cape Noilie ...... 11 Coullcil ...... 6 dm Fairhaveil ...... d Koyuk ...... 1 i'ost Cinrcilcc ...... 1 St. Michael ...... 1

Sub-lotnl ...... 24 X'ourtI~Division: Nunl11f.r of Prfciilct drc:dgcs Rptliel ...... 2 Circle ...... 3 F,an . 'bml ks ...... 8 Fortglnilr ...... 2 Gaodncws 13:iy ...... 2 Hot Sprin~"~...... 1 IlllloBo ...... 4 N~iiail&...... 2---Dipper Oitpr ...... 2 Tolovalla ...... 2 -- Sub-t,otal ...... 28

Total Number of Dredgcs ...... 52 rot:^! Numbcr of Men Eii1~1oyec~...... 1.905 EEPORT OF COibIMISSIONER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONBR OF MINES 51

TABLE PX The nurllher of men employed in the placer industry increased Active Placer Operatiolls by Types by 770 during this biennium, while employment in the lode Eierrimiriin 1939-1940 (Dreca'ges noL inclrlded) mining industry decreased by 97 men and that at coal and Rlecha~~icalpla11Cs other mines decreased by 69 men. 1939 1940 Nuinber Mcli Nu~llbcr Men The following ta-bulation exhibits the trend and contin- Draglines ...... 51 76 l 5 4 727 Hydraulic with bulldozers ...... 43 uity of employment at all mines during the past two biennia, 228 5 1 263 Others ...... 64 428 57 390 and those in the placer, lode ar~dcoal mining industries sep- arately. 1.380 Straigl~tlapdrst~lic ...... -110 428 114 416, Drift nrniraill~ ...... 69 TABLE X 266 51 191 Groummd slnicil~g,sllovelinx-ill, etc. ... 81 112 86 115 Il'rospecting, drilling, ets...... 78 17G 88 Snlnlnnry of Trc~md allil Corltilnuity OF Emaiplognlea~f 1)~lrill: 187 Past Two Biellllin. Totals

EMPLOYMENT AT RIPNES ikt All Mines: 0,253 781 Withill thc 25-ycnr. period just cndrd cniploymcnt in the Avcrxge t~unzberoi lzlcll 5.47% Total shif is worked 2.371.832 2.564.F30 212.798 mining ind~~stly~c.ac.l~cd its lowest ebb durlng the year 1933. ~verz~cshilts worked 226 wherr thc ~~unlberol illen 111 the cl.cws engaged at lnlnes of all per mail per year ...... 217 types aggregated 3,377 Thc corresponding figure for the At Flacer Mines only: 4.084 78 1 year 1940 was 6,363, or nearly doublc. Averase i~uinbcrof incil 3.303 Total shifts worked 1.182.372 1,401.777 219.405 A hea!thy feature cf the growth ol' the nlinitlg industry Average shifts worked per man per year ...... i79 17 1 since 1033 is reflected in the uniformity with which the in- At; Lode Mines, & Rlills only: crease in cmp:ogment within it hns taken placc, whicll feature Average nnmber of men 2.014 2.007 is exhibited in the following table. (Table XI. p. 52) Total shifts worked .1.144,449 1,103,700 Avernge shifts worked 272 Of the total number of nlen engaged during the year 1940, per mall per year ...... 284 the placer industry employed 67 per cent; the lode mining in- At Coal Mines only: dustry, including two non-metal operations, employed 31 per Avesage nuinber of lllell 108 113 5 Total shifts worked ...... 53,001 61.093 8.092 2 per cent. The corresponding cent, and coal mines employed Average shifts worked 25 percentages for 1938, the closing year of the preceding bien- per man per year ...... 246 27 1 nium, were: GO per cent; 36 per cent; and 2 per cent, respect- ively. These figures exhibit the more rapid recent growth The importance of the two major operating companies in of the placer mining branch as compared with the lode min- the matter of enlployment is evident fron1 the fact that of the ing branch of the industry that is also evidenced by other total number of men employed at 99 lode mining properties data included in this report. the crew of the Alaska Juneau Gold Mining Company repre- There was a total net; gain during the biennium oI 604 in sents over one-half, and of the total number engaged at 549 the number of mcn enlployed at mines of all types as comn- placer properties the crews of the U. S. Smelting, Refining and pared wit!> ernpiojin~entat the close of the preceding biennium. Mining Company at Fairbanks and Nome represent approx- imately one-fourth. 56 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF NITSES 53

The trend of employment in the mining industry during LABOE CONDITIONS the past 25 years is exhibited fuIly in Table XI below. This table shows a greater number of inen employed in mining for Labor conditiolls in tile iilining industry have continued the year 1940 than for any year since 1917. during the biennium generally satisfactory throughout tlle More complete details regarding the distributiolz of ein- Territory. ploynle~ltat iniiles will be found. in the sections of this report Employment during the past two years was at tlic high- that deal with the progress of inining operations and with est level that has been reached since 1917, and the total num- accidents at mines, respectively; and in the lists of rni~aillg ber of miners enzploged increased by 220 during the biennium. operators and properties that are appcnded to thc body of the report. 'The Te~sltol.nalRmj)loymcllt Service continued to perform veiy valuable serviccs in sccuring when needed satisfactory TABLE XI. cinployees for mining operators and 111 placing uneinployed zpplic'ants in jobs. A shortagc of experienced lniners was re- Eniploymcnt at Mines, 1914 to 1940, Inclusive ~~urtedby son-ie of the larger nline ope~atorsthl.oughout tllc Nnmlser of 3Pen ElnpPoyed at: L~icnniuin. Lode Mines K. C~aland Year Plac~rs Milling P1nnt.s Oiher Mines Totals Wage scalps for minels appear to have senlai~aedsub- 140 stantially the same as duri1)g t!lc p~recedlng bienlllum, al- IGO 340 thougll some ii1r'rcases in iates of pay have been reported in 270 sections wllcre competition in the labor market has arisen as 400 310 the rcsult of tl~cunusual demands created 1.7~construction of 3G0 military and naval bases. 400 280 A somewhat greater spread of employment, which evident- 270 175 ly has resulted from the application to the gold lllinillg ill- 111 6 108 duslry of the ~vertimeprovisions of the federal Wage and 114 Kour law, izas nlso become evident since that law took effect 109 89 in October. 1938; and particularly during the past year. 98 78 Living collditiolls at mining ca.mps in Alaska arc, with 78 f.ew exceptions, un~lsuallygood. Q,uartcrs Inrnishcd by mine 68 79 operators generally are comfortable and sanitary and food at 89 most camps is notoriously excellen'i. One or two complaints 105 92 were received during the bienilium with regard to food and 218 other living conditiolls at sinall inilaes in rc~notelocalities, but 229) 149 such conlplaints have been rare indeed. Coiztinuous and orderly progress of operations at all mines has continued through the biennium with no interrup- tions on account of strikes or other labor disturbances. The iildustry mas also free Prom the disturbing and costly effects of interrupt,ed shipping that hamperecl mining operations and 54 REPORT OF COMRIISSIONEP, OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 55 development during the preceding two years as a result of would have to be brought and was fiilailcially ullable to in- maritime strikes. crrr thc expense of filing suit. Labor union rcgrcscntativcs wele successful during the Obviously, soille remedy for this situation should be pro- biennium in organizing the employees of the U. S. Sinclti:lg, vfclcd, as has been recon?menc!.ccl by the Attorllcy General in Refinixg and Miilirlg Company at Fairbanks wit11 the result Elis report to the Legislature. that the local union affiliated wit11 the C. I. 0. received rec- ognition by the National Labor Relatioils Ijoard as the ac- credited bargaining agency for tile employees of that company. This local is the first labor ui~ioilto bc organized in the placer mining intiustry 01 Alaslra. Within tllc past two years all opcrato1.s of mincs in Alaska Office of Labor Commissioner: have bcen communicated with either by mail or in !)crson by n resident representative of the Safety and Iiealth branch of By an Act wllich for nlany years has been legarcicd as a the Uuitcd States E3crenlz of Mines, in an cffort to acqlxaint "dead letter," the Territorial lninc ~nsl?t~Aorwas dcsignatcd the opcrato~s:~11d thcii. cin~)loyccswit11 thc safcty training ' Ex-officio Labor Cornmissionel-." service that is available to tl1e11l. This scrvice i~lcluticsnot; No funds have been appropl'iatcd by thc Ecgisl~tture for only pl.at:tic:al tr:tining in n!'iministeri ii:rst; aid to the in- carrying 011 thc lunetions ol that off'icc. sinrc the yenl- 1924. jurcd, bui, also instruction in recogilizing llazarcls thzl may lcatl to injuries and fatalitics nlld Ihr bcst n?cLhoc!s to cmploy 'The authority granted by this act is restricted to the prcy- in mirlimizing and avoiding such hazards. Tile efiectiveness aration of cerlaii~ statistical data and the enforceinent o; of such trailling in accomplishing the encis sought has been limited sanitary regulations at caiiilerics and the like that amply d~n~onstrat~cdin Alaska, as well as throughoul tllc are now promulgateci and administered by the Departnleilt of United States. I11 one A!aska mine a.lone tllc saving of seven Hcaltln. lives in a single ycar .-was attrib~t~edby tlle inanager of tlle During tile past two years the Conimissioner of Mines. nline to the safety I.raining received by his employees from who has legally fallen heir to the moribui~d office of labor the PT. S. Bureau of Mines illstructor elusing the precedil~g comniissioner, has receivcd a number of appeals for assistance year. Unq~lestionablyan enoi-mous amount of suffering also jn collecting wages claimed to be due and unpaid iin amouilts has been abated thro-~~ghthe appl.ication of proper first aid too small to justify court action, and has also been asked to methods that have been taught to a li!-~litecl percentage of the adjust similar disputed or unpaid coil~pensatioli claiins for miners of the Territory. injuries sust,ailled by mining aild other employees. Two cases In this work thc Tcrritorlal Drpartnlent of Mines has co- were presented where checlrs were received in payment of wages operated with tlle U. S. Hul.cau of Mines in every possible way that were found to be worthless w!le11 presented at a bank and has assisted in making arrangement for the concluct of lor payment. safety training at as nlany mines as possible. I11 all of these cases tlle Conlinissioller of Mincs llas eii- Illstruction in mine i.escue training has ilot been at- deavored to give such assistance as was possible, but this was tempted during the past two years, owing LO a lack of suffi- usually liniited to giving the advice thal it would be necessary cient available funds to properly carry on that work. If an- for the aggrieved person to bring suit in court in order to secure other coal mine explosion, serious underground lire or similar settlelneilt of his claim. I11 many of the cases presented the disaster should occur in the Territory, there would not be claimant had left the jurisdiction of the court in which action available at the present time the equipment and trained crews 55 REPORT OF COMMISSIOxER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 57

that would be required in orcier to rescue promptly any vic- New York-Alaska Gqld Dredain~Go...... Nyac. Alaska t~insthat might be alive in the mine. Another effort is now U. S. Slllelting, P,efinmg & fitilliilg CO...... Fairballks District being madc to secure f'or the Bureau of Mines sufficient addi- U. S. Slnelting, Refinillg & Miiliilg CO...... Nolne Di'trict Willow Creek Mines, Inc...... Luckyshot. Alaska tional funds to enable their local safety representatives to I-ern- In addition to those who con~pletedthe prescribed course, 839 fdy this situation. Inen were partially tl-ained. Safety inspectiolls were made at Valuable nssistance was rendeled by the Bureau's safety six of the properties visited, and 200 persons interested in instructor in sealing the minc workinps that were affected by the operation of mines in tile Territory were contacted rela- the extensive underground fjre that occurl.ed at the Surltrana tive to proinoting safety progralns at their ope~ations. Four mine of the Healy River Coal Co1.poration in 1939. fatalities jn the operatiolas of tile placel. i~lincsof Alaska were investigated, and a gas siIrvcy of the equipn?ent of the Alaska Therc follows a reslrnle of the first-aid training program Iiailroad was conducted. (wried out by Lllc U. S. Etlreau of Mincs safety instruclor during the past two years.

During 1939 trai~?ing was conducted for the followillg RC@III)EN'PiS ,iZrE' MINES orjianizations and a total of 216 mcn c.ompleted the prescribed coursc in first-aid Ii.aining: Both human suffcrlng and flnsncsial loss rcsult fro111 thc occu~~cnceof losl -t~n~cand intnl accldcnts The amount of .Arilcsr Mill(. 1Inlll)y C:rcck. Al:~sk:t (;1~:1ryHill M~II(>S.111~. L'lrary, Rlnskn his suffering and loss is 1)rol)ortionate to Ihc f~.cqucncywit11 IIc:~lyKiocr Con1 Co1.p...... Sullt,raun, Ala.?ka ivhich sccidcilts occ~u.as wcl! as Lo the11 scvcl~tywhen they Ncw k-ork-Alaska Gold Drcdo-in? Corp. .... Nyac, Alaska IT. S. Smcltin:. Refilling !.& Millii~~~o, .. Fairbanks Distric:t do occur TJ. S. Smelting. IZcfilli~~~& ~ininj; Co. . . Nt)~.neDist,rirl IJnivtlrsity of Alnslr:~ ...... Collcg~,Alnskn Responeibilit,y lor rcducing t!lc frcqucnc~~and sevcrity of accidents in mining, as well as in other ii-tdustries, rests both In addition to ille number who complctecl tllc train~ng.296 upon the operator and upon thr emplovec. It is the duty of illen were partially trained; that is, they failed to attend one the opcrat,or not only t.o provide safe working conditions for or more class perlocis and were not rccommellded for certif- his emlll~yccs,but also to provide compct,ent,, strict and con- icntcs At tllc University of Alaska 15 men were trained in t.illuous supervision over the maliner in which the work is mine rescue done. ~t is the duty of the elnployee to perform his tasks In 1940 traini:~gwas condllcted for the following organiza- carefully and to avoid constaritlp such acts and practices as tions and the prcscribcd coursc in first,-aid training was com- jllvolve accident Ilazal-ds to himself and his fellow enlployces. i~leletlby 923 incn: A careful study of 01-11accidcllt records emphatically re-

Alaska. J~tllcauGold Milling CO...... J~1l1c.a~.Alaska. veals lllat Cl~csc rcspoiisibilitics of the cmploycr ancl of the Alsskn Pacific Colisolidated Mining 60...... Independen~ce. Alnskn einployee in the mining industry of Alaska arc llot being satis- Civilian Conservation Corps .and i actorily met U. S. Forest. Servicc...... duncnu. Pct,ersburr. Kr~tchikan. Cordova, An allalysis of the accident statistics of the past ten years Sewnrd. Anchorage, Eklutna, and Fairbanks, shows Lhat whereas the total numbcr of shifts worked annual- Alaskn ly at mines of all types have increased within Lhe decade by Clrnrg Hill Mines. Inc...... Cleary. Alaska Goodnrws Bay Millillg Co...... Platillll~lland Sllow only 36 per cent, the number of non-fatal accidents has ill- Gulch. Alaska creased by 90 per cent and. their average severity has illcreased IiirstL-Chichagof Mining Co...... Kilnshall .Cove. Alaska Lee Brothers Dredgil~gCo...... Solonloll, Alaska by 58 per cent. 5 9 5 8 REPORT GF COMMISSIONER OF MLYES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MLNES

A furtkier aiiaiysis, in wliicl~tile several branc1.1es of the operators generally, wit11 very few exccptions, thus far has industry are considered separately, shows that during this been disappointing. decade the total number of shifts worked per annun1 in placer Tile disturbing upward trend in the occrrrrencc cf serious mining increased by only 41 per cent, while within the same period tlle number of acciden1.s increased by 76 pcr cent ancl mine accidents that is revealed by the analysis of the records their severity increased by 60 per. cent; that in lode mining above given and by tlie tabulated statistics that follow is n the total number of shifts per anilun increased o11ly 30 per tlistinct challenge to the lnining operators of Alaska to take cent, whereas tlie increase i11 the l~uillbcrof accidents was 87 vigorous steps ilnrnediately to reduce tiic toll of dead axle in- per cent and in severity 60 per cent;; and that in coal rni~zing lured that is being taken by the industry. t.Yle t.ot.al sl~ift~s~ol'licd ann~~n!!yIl,zvc incl.c;ised by 55 per With few csceptions physical conditions i;l and about tlie ccnt, while the nulnbc~~of' accidcnl,~rc~pol.lcti Iiave increased mines of Alaska, viewed from khc staladpoil~tof safety, arc five-fold 2nd thcir soverity sevc~l-folcl. T!lc abovt? stntrlncnt not desci.ving of scrious criticism. . 'rhc causes thai undcrly refers to non-fatal accidents oi~ly. tl~egrowing frequency of the occurl-ence of serious accidents without question are to be fomld in: Insufi'iciency and laxity Tllc record also shows that dnring Ilic decaclc undcr con- of supcl.vision; inadequacy of disciplinary mcas1lrcs. whiclr sitleratioii n total of G!) fntalitics sccurrccl at all mines. of shoulcl. bc applied to responsible officials as well as to work- which nulnbcr 12 t,Oo:i place at 11l:~ccr i~~incsalld 57 at loclc Inell when avoidable accidcnts occur; lack in thc cffccliveness rnilacs. of cxisting safety organizations st iudividu:tl mines, especiall!- Euring tlie ycar 19.10 Ihere w~l-eright f'atslitics, wliich at thc largcr mines both locle and placer, where a dispropor- is tlvrzicc the number tliat occ~trxeciin 1939, and o~lcinorc than tionate percentage of serious accidcnts are foulld to occul': arld tl.ie annual averagc-: Tor Lhc dec:~cle. illadcquatc support of the safety training progr:~m that is offered by the U. S. Burcau of Mines, whici~program esperi- T!~cse l.ecords c.lc,uly ~CVCL~t!?:~t there llas b:cn 110 sub- ence throughout the United States lias dcnlonstrated to be stantial ii?ll>rovemenlduiin~g t,hc ])ast ten ycn1.s in co!~ciitions highly effective in reducing fa,Lalit~iand acciclent rates whcr- and practices that rc~snltin frttalil.icr; nt inini.s ill Rlaslin and ever it has bce1-i consistently adopted nlith sincerity and en- tllat, lllc frequency of occui.rei~ccniici t 1:c scvci ily of no;~-latal thusiasnl by 011eratol.s and ei-rigloyces. accidents have bot'ii increased io a serious tlcgrec.

In an effort to assist mining op,,"7,- ,tors :~nd illeir em- ployees to reduce initle accidcilts to n ininimutn the Coinmis- On May 5, 1939, fire wa.s discovered in lile undergrouncl sioner ol' Mincs in 1935 succccdcd in al.l.a~~g.ingwWi1 tl~eU. S. workings of the S~mtranaMine ol the Healy River Coal Cor- Bureau of Mincs to rcsumc in A.laslia tlle sa.lety ti.:tiiiing pro- poration in the Nenana coal field. It consisted of a sl?lall gram which had been abmdoned two ycars previously. Since blaze tl~nlhad developed by spontaneous combustion in fine that al.1-angement was i~ladethe full-time scl-vices ol a skilled loose coal within a timber crib wliosc dimensions werc probab1~- safety instructor have been made nvailablc by thc Bureau of less than 1.0 feet oil a side. Efforts were first lllade by the Mines to the mining industry in tlle Territory at Fzderal ex- mine crew to extinguish the fire by applicatiorz of water. pense. Scores of miiiing cainlss laave been visited by this in- These efforts werc m~successfulowing to the difficulty of structor each ycar and an carnest. effort has been made to reaching t,lle spot effectively. Caving of t,he roof above tlle secure tlie cooperation of mining operatol.~and their em- crib occurred and gases drove Ll1c workmen from the immedi- ployees in making the safety training program a success. The ate vicinity. Efforts were then made by the mine officials to i.esponse to these efforts that has been given by the mining prevent the spread of the fi1.e by erecting stoppings on the 61 6 0 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES , gangway level and by caving down the back of the gangway, 1 Ir, February, 1948, a snlall underground fire developed at but these efforts were unavailing. On May 29 the office of 2, point near the mine entrance where a new fan tunnel the Commissioner of Milles at Juneau was notified of the 1 passes over and partly intersects oId workings on No. 1 Seam. 1 ,existence of the fire, which by then had reached a stage that 9 formerly known as the Negri bed. This point is approximately ~~recludedthe possibility of extinguishing it by direct fire- g 150 feet in from the portal of the fan tunnel. The fire was fighting methods, and assistance in fighting it was requested. 1 controlIed by loading out the smouldering material and was The Commissioner of Mines a.nd the Safety Instructor of the I finally quenched by sluicilig in sand filling. Fire in the old TJ.S. BZ;I.CLZUof Mil-ies in:mediately :.esporlded to the summons Negri workings had developed from spontaneous cornbustion for assistance and reached the nlinle on June 2 and May 29. I li in 1924 and had probably remained latent until fresh air respectiveiy. On advice of ihcse officials steps were immedi- I reached the caved workings when the fan tunnel was driven I, Y ately taken to coniple0ely seal off, under their supel-vision. i immediately over them. No further difficulty is anticipated the entire area affected by the fire. This task required the 4 from this fire. efforts of a large crew working mostly in two shifts over. a 1 4 The accident frequency rates, which are given in Tables period of two and one-half months. The seal was completed XII, XI11 and XIV, represent the number of fatalities and other 011 August 23, 1939. Periodical tests of the ail in the fire 1'1 accidents that have occurred per million "man-hours" of em- zone made since that date have denlonstratecl that the fire 4 The use of these rates in exhibiting accident fre- was completely extinguisltled 1)v this method. \ ployrnent

*I quencies has been adopted by the U. S. Bureau of Mines as thc In the exsly stagrs of this fire severs1 workmen were best means of properly comparing the records of various overcome by gas, but by goo6 fortune only no fatalities re- I1 lnilles or groups of mines in various regions. snIted. The hazards were extremely great on account; of the presence of large quanLitics of carbon monoxide and met,hane TABLE XII. pses that were generatec? by the firc. Mistaken 1:rocedure 011 the part of the mine official in charge in handling the Summary of Mine Accidents Bccrzrring in Alaska ventilating cursent during the initial siiages of the iire and During 1939 his failure to proniptly notify the office of the Commissioner ._.__-__.______--- - of Mines of the existence of the fire contributed greatly to Number Number Number Results of Total Of of Men Sh~fts Accidents Time host the casualty hazards that existed. By immediate organiza- M~nes Group Employed Worked Fatal Ser~ousSlight (Days) tion of a pl-ope1.1~trained mine rescue crew provided with - __L--C-- oxygen-breathing apparatus and other necessary equipment Placer Mines: 48 Dredges ...... 1,613 359,471 0 43 107 2,124 the fire undoubttdly could have been quenched in its early 52 Draglines 703 125,280 0 0 1 5 ...... 4 74 stages, or at least could have been brought under control with 186 Hydraulic ...... 866 86,973 1 2 0 60 254 Others ...... 746 111,900 0 1 a fraction of the losses that eventually resulted from the fire. - - - _- - - 540 3,928 683,624 1 46 1'12 2,263 The area affected by the iire was very large. It embraced 6 Coal Nines: 3 420 all workings above the gangway level for a dlstance of more ...... Underground 74 19,072 0 8 2 68 than 2,000 feet outby the gangway face. Much of this area surface ...... ---- 26 7,571 D 2 - 5 488. had been mined out and was caved down, but there was a 6 1100 26,643 O 10 very large loss of coal in place that had been fully developed 2 Oil Drilling: ...... 97 21,060 and was ready for extraction. The direct expense of cffect- Ede Mines: ually sealing this large area was also very great 45 Metal 1,599 438,279 3 76 205 3,829 .I /I J REPORT OF CONIMLSSIONER 3F MLNFS 63 62 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF MINES 1 1 2 Non-Metal ...... 32 5.160 0 0 0 0 a 1. Fal! down raise when ladder gave way- 1 Alaska Juneau Mine ...... 9 ; 2. Fall into stope caused by cave of dump- Mills : j ...... 40 Metal ...... 387 104,682 0 9 12 415 Alaska Juneau Mine 1 - - _ - __ -- 3. Overcome by powder gas while removing hang- 635 6,143 1,279,448 4 141 334 6,998 up In manway-Kirst-Chichagof Mine ...... 1 TABLE XI11 4. Crushed by piece of muck that split and rolled from larger mass-Fairbanks Department, U. S. S. R. Surnrnary of Mine Accidents Bect~rringirm ABaslra i 1 a M. Company ...... 1 During 1940 I - p Number. Number Res~rltsof Total I of Men Shifts Accidents Tirne Lost Employed Worked Fatal Serious Slight (Days) -- - Yeas 1940: Placer Mirxesr During the year 1940 there were eight fatalities that re- 52 Dredges ...... 1,905 sulted from accidents at mines in Alaska, foilr of which oc- 58 Draglines ...... 759 curred st a gold lode mine and four at placer operations. 208 Hydraulic ...... 948 1 232 Others ...... 628 -- The causes of these fatalities arad the pl-operties at which 550 4,240 they occurred are as follows: 4 Coal &limes: Undergrouild ...... 94 I. Fell to ground with power pole which broke after ,Surface ...... 32 it had been climbed for purpose of placing safety line- 4 126 Nome Department, U. S. S. R. & M. Company ...... 1 Lode Mi1:cs: 2. Fall down raise when ladder that was being 99" Metal ...... 1,560 repaired gave way-Alaska Juneau Mine ...... ? 2 Non-Metal ...... 23 - -- 3. Crushed by piece oi frozen muck that fell from 101 1,583 conveyor feedei- to top of caterpiiias-Fairbanks Depart- Mius: ment, U. S. S. R. & M. Company ...... 1 62*' Metal ...... 414 - 4. Fell wit11 scaffold used to paint fuel oil tank 717 6,363 which suddenly dropped to ground-Alaska Juneau Milze ...... 1 5. Overcome by unidentified noxious gas at bottom of 177-foot placer shaft-partnership operation of Wil- FataIities at Mines liam Taroff and Alex Hudoff (the deceased) near Olnes ...... 2 Year 1939: 6. Crushed between mine car and drift wall due to insufficient clearance between wall of drift and mine 1939 During the year there were four fatalities that re- ...... sulted from accidents at mines in Alaska, three of which track-Alaska Juneau Mine 1 occurred at gold lode mines, and one at a placer operation. 7. Blown to bits by accidental discharge of loaded I~ole-Alaska Juneau Mine ...... 1 The causes of these fatalities and the properties at whidi - they occurred are as follows: TABLE XIV Summary of Accidents at all Rletal Mines (%Xills not inclucted) D~rringthe Period January 1, 1937, to Decejnber 31, 1940 ALASKA-(Includes Placers)

- -~ Type of Men Man.Shifts Mali-Hours Accident Time Year Operation Employed Worked Accidents Frequency Rates Lost Worked Fatal Non.Fatal Fatal Non-Fatal (Bays)

1937 Placers ...... 3,136 547,748 4,929,732 3 129 0.41 Lodes ...... 1,476 26.17 1,733 414,361 3,314,888 2 258 0.60 77.83 4,706 Non-Metal ...... 25 4,175 33,400 0 3 0 89.82 9 - .------4,537 966,284 8,278,020 4 390 0.48 47.11 6,448 1938 Placers ...... 3,470 607,624 5,468,616 2 112 Lodes ...... 1,575 458,436 3,667,488 5 0.37 20.48 1,365 318 1.36 86.71 4,761 Non-Metals ...... 32 4,560 36,480 C 1 0 27.41 14 ------5,077 1,070,620 9,172,584 7 431 0.76 46.99 6,140 1939 Placers ...... 3,928 683,624 5,468,992 1 158 0.18 28.89 2,263 Lodes ...... 1,599 438,279 3,506,232 3 28 1 N9n-Metal 32 41,280 0 0 0.86 80.14 3,829 ...... 5;160 0 o n ------5,559 1,127,063 9,016,504 4 439 0.44 48.69 6,092 1940 Placers ...... 4,240 718,153 5,745,224 4 162 0.70 Lodes ...... 1,560 3,489,976 4 297 28.20 1,999 436,247 1.15 4,130 Non-Metal ...... 23 4,830 38,640 0 0 0 85.10 ------0 0 5,823 1,159,230 9,273,840 8 45 9 0.86 -. 49.49 6,129 UNITED STATES-(Tncludes Non-Metal RIines) 1937 118,429 29,856,610 239,544,432 18,055 219 0.91 75.3 7 1938 103,027 23,505,864 188,170,166 156 12,722 0.83 67.61

TABLE XV Comparison of Accidents and Employment at Mines During the Biennium ended December 31, 1940, with those of the Preceding Biennium

- Accident Mean No. Man-Shifts Accidents Frequency Rates Time Lost Men Non-Fatal (Days) Employed Worked Fatal Non-Fatal Fatal

J3ienniu.m ended December 31, 1940 6,253 2,584,630 12 979 0 58 47.3 13,978 Preceding Biennium ...... 5,472 2,391,832 27 924 1.30 44.0 .14,026 Increase ...... 781 212,798 5 5 3.3 Decrease ...... 15 0.72 48 TABLE XVI Sumnlary of Accidents at Lode-Gold Rlines During the Period January 1, 1933, to December 31,. 1940

Accident Men Man-Shifts Accidents Frequency Rates Time Lost 2 (Days) Year Employed Worked Fatal - Non-Fatal Fatal Non-Fatal TABLE XVII C, Sumtllarp of hI;ln-Shifts Worlted, FnLal and Non-Fa tal Accicie~lts,and Time Lost ill A11 &Iilles in Alaska 0, .-..

Man-Shifts Worked at Fatalities Non-Fatal Accidents 1 Time (oays) Placer Lode Mines Coal placer Lotle Miner Coal Piace. Lode Mi~ler Coal 1 Placer Year Mines arid Mills Mines Mines and Mills Mines I Mines and Mills Lode Mines c,oa[ -- Mines and Mills M~nes 6 6 Mines 1

No report 5,639 109 1,042 5,308 75 3,267 4,819 445 2,048 5,981 19 1,657 4,301 197 1,096 3,979 221 1,251 2.668 101

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES - Name and Location of Mine Approx. Name and Acldress of Operator or Plant Precinct- Type of Operatio11 Crew Alaska Chichagof Mining Co., Eez; Klag Bay, Chichagof Is- Sitka Gold lode Idle Chichagof land Alaska Consolidated Mining & Jambo Mine; Sulzer, Prince Ketchikan Copper lode Idle Smelting Co., 1502 Alworth of Wales Island Bldg., Duluth, Minn. 17 Alaska Empire Gold Mining CO., Chas. Williams; Hawk Inlet, Juneau Gold lode with mill Juneau Adiniralty Island 6 Alaska Exploration & Mining Bird Creek Talkeetna Hydraulic Co., Box 136, Pullman, Wash. Alaska Goldfields Corp., Juneau Jualin Mine; Berners Bay Juneau Goldwith lode mill developn~el~t 5 Gold lode developmellt Idle Alaska Gold Mountain Mines, Smuggler Cove property; Ketchikan 820 Garfjeld Bldg., Los An- Cleveland Pe~lillsula geles, Cahf. Salt Chuck or Goodro Mine; Ketchikan Palladium and copper 5 Alaska ,Gold & Metals Co., lode with mill Ketchikan. Kasaan Bay, Salt Chuck Juneau Golcl lode with mill 1,003 Alaska Juneau Gold Mining Co., Ala'ka Juneau; Juneau Juneau Gold lode wit'n mill Idle Alaska May field Mines, Lnc., Mayfield Mine; Columbia Valclez Cordova Glacier, Shoup Bay Wyoming Mine; Cleary Creek Fairbanks Golcl l3de with mill 5 Alaska hlining & I>eveloprnent Co., Fairbanks 9 Alaska placers, Council Niukluk River Council Dredge LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES o, - 03 Name and Location of Mine Name and Addresa of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Approx.Crew

Alaska Pacific Consolidated Independence, Free Gold, Jap Knik Gold lode with mills 166 Mining Co., Anchorage and Eldorado properties; Fishhook Creek, Willow Creek mB Alaska Railroad, The, Anchor- Eska Mine; Matanuska Field Knik Coal mine age Alaska Sunset Mines, Inc., 611 Sunset Creek Cape Nome Dredge Idle o Insurance Bldg., S e a t t 1 e, Y Wash. Alaska Taylor rvlining Corp., 91 Kougarok River CageNome 2 washingplants,bull- 14 8$ Columbia Street, Seattle, dozers and dragline iZ Wash. I3 AIaska Willow Creek Gold Lucky Strike, Yellowstone, Knik Development of gold 9 g IvLines, Inc., 609 Lowman Bldg., H o m e s t a k e and Opal lode Seattle, Wash. Groups; Reed and Archan- gel Creeks Alaskan Placer Lakes, Inc., Trib, to Silva Creek, Wind- Juneau Development of placer 14 8 Washington Bldg., Tacoma, ham Bag proper,ty Wash. Alder Creek Mining Co., Mee- Alder Creek trib. to Fair- Fairbanks Dragline han banks Creek 12-14 8 Alluvial Golds, Inc., Fairbanks Woodchopper Creek Circle Dredge 43 Alpha Mining Co., Flat Alpha Creek Otter Hydraulic and bulldozer 11 Ame11ca.n Creek Dredging Co., American Creek Cape Nome Dredge $an Francisco, Calif.

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES

Name a~irlLocation of Mine Approx.Crew Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation 23 American Creek Operating Go., American Creek, Tofty Hot Springs Dredge Fairbanks

American Tin Fields, 914 Vance Tin City Portence Clar- Mechanicalmill placer and 25 Bldg., Seattle, Wash. 8 Anderson, Andrew, Olnes D2me Creek Fairbanks Drift mining' 3 Apex-El Nido, Juneau Lisianski Inlet, Lisianski Sitka Gold lode with mill Idle r0 Hydraulic 6 Arctic Circle Exploration Co., Candle Creek Pairhaven First Natl. Bank Bldg., Chl- cago, Ill. 179 Arctic Circle Explora,tion Co., Candle Creek Fairhaven Dredge V1 First Natl. Bank Bldg., Chi- W cago, Ill. Aurora Nickel Co., Juneau Sea Level and Snipe Bay; Sitka Intermittent develop- Idle 8 Chichagof and Baranof Ls- ment of nickel lodes !l lands h Austin, B. C. & Co., Valdez Chisna River Chitina Check drilling Ot,ter TWO draglines, washing Awe Mining Co., Flat Chicken Creek plant, bulldozers, highline scraper and hydraulic F3 Development of gold Idle Baranof Mining Co., Metchikan Halleck Island, 12 Miles Sitka. North of Sitka lode Port Clar- Dredge Bartholornae Oil Corp., 1033 Gold Run Creek ence Brea Road, Fullerton, Calif. -1 LIST OF IMINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES Q Naine and Location of Mine Approx. Name ailcl Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Crew Bartholomae Oil Corp., 1033 Ryan Lode; Ester Dome Brea Rmd, Fullerton. Calif. Fairbanks Gold lode development 6 Basham,, Wm., & Schrieber, E. Lower Nokne Creek Fairbanks Hydraulic and bulldozer 8-0 F., Fa1rbank.s Bear Creek Mining Co., An- Bear Creek ~t.Gibbon Hydraulic and bulldozer li 2$ chorage Beaton & hIacDougal1, Ophir Yankee Creek, 2 iniles below Innoko Bulldozing into boxes; 13 0q Vibe dredge dragline for tailings Berry Dredging Co., C. J., 111 Mammoth Creek Circle Dredge Sutter Street, San Francisco, 28 g Calif. z t; Beny Dredging Co,, C. J., 111 IvIas',odo11 Creek Circle Sutter Street, San Francisco, Hydraulic, dragline ancl 9 Calif. bulldozer i48 Gerry Holding Co., 111 Sutter Eagle (Mastoclon Fork) Circle Hydraulic, .bulldozer ant1 12 Z Street, San Francisco, Calif. slackline scraper 0 Big Minook Mining Co., Fair- Big Millook Creek Rainpart Hydraulic, bulldozer, 10 banks drag scraper for tail- ings 5 Elake & Larson, Chatanika Lower Chalanika Fairbanks Drift mining 8 Bleeker, F. C., Fairbai~ks First Chance Creek, trib. lo Fairbanks Hydraulic and bulldozer G Goldstream Blue Jay Mine, Ketchikan Libe property; Helm Bay Ketchikall Gold lode with mill 5 Bock, Adolf, Tofty Deep Creek, trib. to Sulllvan H3t Springs Drifting from shaft 11

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES - Name and Location of Rline Approx. Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Crew Port Clar- Hydraulic 5 Eodis, George, Nome Dick Creek ence - Cape Nome Hydraulic dl Bonita Creek Mining Co., Nonle B3nita Creek Boundary Dredging Co., 351 Canyon Creek Fortymile Oredge 15-20 8 California Street, San Fran- 2 cisco, Calif. 0 Drill and shaft 7-8 ?I Bounqary Dredging C3., 351 Walkers Fork Forty mile prospecting Q California SLreet, San Fran- 0 cisco, Calif. z Bulldozing into boxes 5 Bouquier, Hatten & Turner, Flat Black Creek. 255 mi. E. of Otter Flat 5 Dredge 25 # Bristol Bay Mining Co., 405 Wattamus Creek, Goodnews Goodnews 0 Mon,tgomery Street, Sari Fran- Bay Bay cisco, Calif. 3 Bristol Bay Mining Co., 405 Upper Wattamus Creek Goodnews Dragline, bulldozer and 8 Montgomery Street, San Fmn- Bay washing plant % cisco, Calif. Brock, Ben, & Joh~xon,Peter, Eureka Creek Hot Springs Hydraulic and bulldozer 5-6 6 Hot Springs 7 Chitina Hydraulic i Buck & Sjoberg, Cailtwell Valdez Creek 4-5 Burk, Al, Ruby L3ng Creek Nulato Drift milling 5 Butte Creek Minillg Co., Miller Butte Creek, Circle district F'airbanks Hydraulic,and dragline bulldozer House

Cache Creek Millillg CO., An- Nugget Creek, Yentna district Talkeetna Hydraulic and bulldozer 10 w chorage LIST OF D'IINING 0PERA.TORS AND PROPERTIES -1 ---- - N Name and Address of Operator Name a~idorLocation Plant of Mine precinct Type of 0i)eration Approx. - Crew Camel-G~~sumCo., Gypsum Iyoukeen Cove, chichagof 1s- Sitka Non-metallic mine Idle land Cameron-Johnson Mine, Valdez Shoup Glacier, Shoup Bay Valdez Gold lode with mill Idle ' Camp Creek Dredging Co., 715 Camp Creek Council Dredge 8 1331 3rd Ave., Seattle, Wash. +3 Cantu Mining Co., Hyder Cantu Mine; Salmon Glacie; Hyder Gold lode development Idle Cariibou Gold Dredging Co., Caribou Creek, Salcha River Fairbanks Check drilling '=I Fairbanks l3 - Caribou Mines, Colorado Caribou Creek Fairbanks Dragline, washing plan6 12-11 z and stacker on crawlers Z Carlson & Co., 11817 3rd Ave., Iron Creek m Seattle, Wash. Cape Nome Pumping plant 5 8 Carlson, J. E., Gulkana '2 Valdez Creek Chitina Hydraulic and drift 2:: 8 mining Caza de Paga Gold. Co., 1106 Beaver Creek Hoge Bldg., Seattle, Wash. Cape Nome Dredge $ kd Castleton & Keenan, 616 In- Kougarok River Cape Nome Bulldozer, pumping surance Bldg., Seattle, Wash. 6 MB plant, dragline and CI, washing plant Castleton & Keenan, 616 In- Kougarok ,River surance Bldg., Seattle, Wash. Cape Nome Dredge 35 Central Development CD,, Jack Wade Creek Wade Fortymile Hydraulic and bulldozer 10-1 2

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES Appros. Name and Location of Mine Precinct Type of Operation Crew Name and Address of Operator or Plant 24 Upper 'Deadwood Creek Circle Dragline, bulldozers Central Ivlining Co., Central and washing plant M G~ldlode development Idle Daly Alaska property; Sal- Hyder Century Mines, Pnc., Juneau mon Creek Chandalar Development of gold Idle Chandalar Cold Mines, InC., Sulzer, Carlson & Shields lodes Toronto, Ont. properties Gold lode developmellt Idle Burns property; Chatham Fairbanks Chatham Mining Co., Fairbanks Creek Sitka Gold lode with mill 15 Chichagof Mining Co., Chicha- Klag Bay, Chichagof Is!and gof Hydraulic 18 Chititu Mines, McCarthy Rex and Chititu Creeks platinum placer, with 22 Clara Creek Mining Co., An- Clara Creek, G~odnewsB~Y dragline, washing chorage plant and bulldozer Gold lode with mill 25 0 Cleary Hill Mines, Inc., Fair- Rhoads-Hall or Free Gold; Fairbank *4 banks Cleary Creek Cleary Hill Mines, Inc., Fair- Sullivan Creek and Tufty Hot Springs Dragline,washing bulldozers plant and 20 banks Gulch Hot Springs Drill prospecting 5 !2 Clearv Hill Mines, Pnc., Fair- Eureka Creek ba6ks Gold lode with mill 25 Cliff Gold Mines, fnc., Valdez Cliff; Valdez Arm Valdez Holding company of Conwest Enploratio~i Co., The, Willoiv Creek Mines; Cral:ie Knik Willow Creek Mines Toronto, Ont. Creek Council Dredge -4 Council Dredging Co., 715 1331 Niukluk River w 3rd Ave., Seattle, Wash. LIST OF IVIINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES -1 -- -- * Name and Locatioll of Mine - Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Approx.Crew

Crabtree & Sullivan CO.. Bluff Daniels Creek, over i/, mi!? Cape Nome Bulldozer and pump 10 from moutli Craigie Creek Mining Co., An- Willow Creek chorage Power shovel Cravey Mining C3., Ophir R. limit Yankee Creek, 11,, Innoko 6 nlile below Beaton and BuIldozinggragline stacksinto boxes;tail- 8 MacDougall !1'1 -as n Cripple Creek IvIining Co., An- Cripple Creek, F3lger Innoko Dragline with washing 2.1 ?i chorage , plant and bulIdozer Crow Creek Gold Corp., Anchor- Monarch and Jewel Mines; Knik Gold lode with mill age Crow Creek U Crown Point Mining Co,, Sew- Kenai Lake ard Kenai Gold lode with mill Dahl Creek Mining Co., 730 38th Dahl Creek Ave., San Francisco, Calif. Cape Nome Pumping p1an.t Degnan & Ro.sander, Tak3tna Bonanza Group; Right limit I~llloko Bulldozer with dragline 15 y0 of Little Creek at moutl? for tailing and wash- ing plant z De Vault & Hamberg Assn., Tal- Pass Creek, Fairview Talkeetna Hydraulic 5 keetna M 10 7n Dieringer, Roy, & Cook, Jack, Gold Greek, Valclez Bay Valdez "1 Valdez Drag scraper and bull- 6 clozer Dime Creek Dredging Co., Hay- Dime Creek cock Koyuk Dredge 6

LIST OF MINIXG OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES - -.- Approx. Name and Location of Mine Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct-. Type of Operatio11 Crew Gold lode with mills A Donan Mines, Inc., 650 So., Marion Twin and Gold &Iilli Knik Spring St., Los Angeles, Calit. properties Cape No~ne Dredge 14 Dry Creek Dredging Co., 141 Inmachuck River Milk Street, Eoston, Mass. 5 Dunt3n & Roessel, Ketchikan Valparaiso; Dolomi, Prince of Ketchikan Gold lode developnlellt Wales Island with mill Talkeetna Hydraulic 8 Dutch. Creek Mining Co., 'Tal- First and Dutch Creeks keetna Ebner Gold Mining Co., Juneau Ebner, Gold Creek Juneau Intermittentment of gold develop-lodes Idle

Echo Cove Gold &Lining Co., Ju- Winter & Pond; Echo Cove, Juneau Gold lode development Idle rleau Berners Bay Eulldozing into steel 5 Eek River Mining Co., Anchor- Rainy Creek, trib. to Eek Eiv- ~ethel age er boxes Chitina. Hydraulic 29 Elmer, J. M., Valclez Slate Creek

Enstrom, Oscar, Fairbanks Fourth of July Creek Eagle Hydraulic and bulldozer 56 Erickson & Palmatier, Talkeet- Falls Creek Talkeetna Hydraulic na Gold lode with mill Idle Eva Creek Mining Co., Nellalla Liberty Bell Mine; Eva Creek Fairbanks near Ferry

Evan J3nes Coal Co., Anchorage Evan Jones; Jonesville Kuik Bituminouswashery coal with 39

Faith Creek Mining Co., Fair- Faith Creek Fairbanks Hydraulic ball ks OF LIS'L' MINING OI'#kA'fOltS AND X'ltOPEI%'l'lES 5 1 ------0, Name and Location of Mine - Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Approx.Crew ------Falls Creek Mining Co., Moose States pr3perty; Falls Cree!: Kellai Gold lode development 6 Pass Fern Gdld Leasing Co., D25 Mar. Fern Mine; Archallgel Creek Knik ket Street, Wilmington, Del. Gold lode with milling 34 3 plant 8 Fern Gold Mining Co., Spokane, Fern Mine and Talkeetns K~lik 0 Wash, Mine leased to Fern ia properties; Archangel Crce~ Gold Leasing Co. 4 Fish Creek Mining Co., Fair- Upper Fish Creek Fairbanks Hydraulic, bulldozer--* banks 7-8 $ Fisher & Fisher, Fairbanks Grant Creek Ft. Gibbon Hydraulic, dragline and B Q bulldozer Flagstaff Mining Co.. Ketchikali Treasure Group; Karta Ba?. Ketchitan Development of gold Z 5 6 Prince of Wales Bland lode with milling plant 0E Farno, Theobaldo, Poorman Poorman Creek, Poorman Nula to Brif t mining Z 7 Forsgren Dredging Co., Alder- Inmachuclr River Fairhaven Dragline, bulldozer and 10 3 wood Manor, Wash. pumping plant Forsgren Dredging Co., Alder- Inmachuck River wood Manor, Wash. Fairhaven Dredge 18 g Fox Bar Dredging Co., 2505 Gar- Kougarok River Cape Nome Dredge field R3ad, Spokane, Wash. Frasca & Co., John, 111 Sutter Independence Creek, .Circie Circle Street, San Fral~cisco,Calif. District Hydraulic and bulldozer I; Freeburn Development CO., 377 Maiden Bay property; Maidell Ketchikan Zinc lode Colrnan Bldg., Seattle, Wash. Bay Idle

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES Name and Location of Mine Approx. Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct-- Type of Operation Crew Galvin & Associates, J. G., Se- Sam Tucker property; Bluff Cape Norne Mercury lode develop- Idle attle. Wash. ment and mill 15 Ganes Creek Dredging Co., An- Ganes Creek Innoko Dredge chorage Bethel Washillg plant, drag- 6 Garrison Co., Nyac Granite Creek line and bulldozer Fairbanks Dragline Gilmore Mining Co., Inc., Fair- Gilmore Creek banks a Glass Dredging Co., Council Melsing Creek Couilcil Dredge Hydraulic (/1 Gliska & Bokhoven, Talkeetna Camp Creek, Fairview Talkeetna, Ei Gold Beach Placers, Tnc., 327 Beach at Nome Cape Nonle Dragline,plant, bulldozer pumping 10 g0 Colman Bldg., Seattle, Wash. z Dreamy Gulch Cape Nonle Dragline, pumping Gold Bullion, Inc., Nome plant, bulldozers l1 !3 and vashng plant 8 5 Gold Center Pvlinii~g Corp., An- Mi!o Kelly; Willow Creea Knik Development of gold Fl chorage lode with small mill z Gold lode with mills Bold Cord Development Co., Wa- Gold Cord Mine; Fishhook Xnik silla Creek l8 $ Knik Under Lease to Gold Gold Cord Mining, Milling & Fishhook Cord Dev. Co. Power Co., Wasilla Hydraulic Ggld King Mining Co., Nenan~ Gold Icing Creek Nenana, LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES ' - "7 Yaine and Location of Mine Approx, Name and Address of Operator or Plant Preciilct Type of Operation Crcw Gold Mjnt Mining Co., Hope Nearhouse property; Pa!g:e: Kenai Gold lode developntent 5 Creek Gold Placers, Inc., Fairbanks Coal Creek Circle Dredge Q Goldell Zone Mine, Inc., An- G3Idcn Zone; Broad Pass Talkeetna Development of gold 40 TI chorage lode with mill G.oodnews Bay Mining Co., Salmon River, Patinum, Fox Gosdnews 0 Dragline, washing 11 ?I Goodnews Bay and Squirrel Creek propcr- Bay plant and bulldozer Lies Q 0- Goodnews Bay Mining Co., PIat- Snow Gulch Gooduews Dragline, washing 22 g inum z Bay plan'; and bulldozer t; G.oodnews Bay Mining Co., Goodnews Bay Goodnews Dredge 46 Goodnews Bay 0 Bay z Goodpaster Exploration, Fair- Gray Quartz lode; head of Fairbanks Gold lode development 5 bank Tibh Creek, Goodpaste: 5

Granite Creek Mining Co., Flat Granite Creek, trib. to Ott,er Otter Bulldozer, hydraulic 5 0?I Creek Grant Lake Co, Moose Pass Grant Lake, Moose Pass Gold lode develop- z ment with small mill "u1 Grant Mining Co., Nome Coffee Creek Cape Nome Bulldozer, punlping 10 plant Greenstone Mining Co., Long Greenstone Creek Hydraulic and bulldozer 4-5 Grubstake Mine, I~c.,Wasilla Grubstake Creek Developinen t of gold 5 lode with small inill

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES Approx. Name ant1 Location of Mine Crew Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation 5 Gustaffson & Sweedman, Nome Oregon Creek Cape Nolne Hydraulic Development of placer 10 Haines Construction Co., Haines Kleheni River and tributaries Skagway property Ophir Creek Innoko Highline slip scraper 8 Xard, Eric, Ophir and bulldozer Bear Creek, Ciipple area Innoko Dragline, washing Hard, Uotilla, Hanson, Folges plant and bulldozer Hydraulic Harrison Creek Mining CO., Ml- North Fork, Harrison Creek - Circle ler House Sub-bituminous coal Nealy River Coal Corp., Fair- Sunti'ana Mine; Healy River, Nellana 59 g Nenana with screening plant m banks W Dragline and bulldozer Heath, Robert, Fairbanks Pearl Creek Fairbanks 7s? High Grade Gold Mining Corp., High Gracle; Fishhook Creek. Knik G~ldlode development Anchorage with small mill V Hirst Mine; Kimshan Cove, Sitka Gold lode with milling 73 Hirst Chichagof Mining Co., plant 415 7th Ave. So., Seattle, Wash. Chichagof bland

Poorman ' Creek Nulato Dragline, pumping 15 Hitt, Vance, Poor~nall plant and bulldozer .,m 16 YJ Hi Yu Mining Co., Fairbanks Hi Yu Mine; Fairbanks Creek Fairbanks Gold lode with mill Fairhaven Hydraulic 5 Hogendorn,- R., Deering: Inmachuk River Hope Mining Co., Seward Resurrection Creek Kenai Hydraulic Idle Houston Coal Co., Anchorage Houston Knik Bitumillous coal Idle LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES a09 Name and Location of Mine Approx. Name and Address of Operator - or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Crew Independence Mining Co., 701 Independence Creek . Circle Hydraulic, and slack- 9 Uniotl Street, Seattle, Wash. line scraper 3 Inland Dredging Co., 715 133-1 Fish River Council Dredge 9 3rd Ave., Seattle, Wash. ?! Jackson, Nels, Fairbanks Fourth of July Creek Nenana Hydraulic Jenkins Estate, F., Talkeetna Willow Creek Talkeetna Hydraulic GO Johnson, Gzbe & Co., Nome Wonder Creek Cape Nome Drift Mining 10 q Johnson, Gustus & Associates, Golden Horn Mine; 0 t t e r Otter Gold lode development Idle 8 Flat Creek tj Johnston & Blondo, Miller House Nor,th Fork Harrison Circle Dragline, bulldozer 11 E and washing plant E 0 Kaiyuh Mining Co., Nulato Camp Creek Dragline with washing Idle z plant E ;u Kasaan Gold Co., Railway Ex- Julia, Dunton or Harris Creek Ketchikan Gold lode with mill change Bldg., Spokane, Wash. Mine; Harris Creek, Holli,s rC Kensington Mines, Inc., Juneau Kensington and Comet Min- Juneau Gold lode development Idle g es; Berners Bay H '2 Kirk, Morris P. & Sons, Inc., Stampede antimony mine; Fainbanks Antimony lode with mill 14 2717 So. Indiana Street, Los Stampede Creek Angeles, Calif. Klery Placers, Inc., Kiana Klery Creek Noatak- Dragline, washing plant Idle Kobuk Kokomo Mining C3., Fqirbanks Kokoln~Creek Fairbanks Hydraulic and slackline 7 scraper

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES Name and Location of Mine Approx. Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Crew Kow Kow Mining Co., Plat- Kow Kow Creek, Arolic Goodnews Dragline, washing plant 20 inum Bay and bulldozer 'a Kugruk Mines, Inc., Deering Kugruk River Fairhaven Hydraulic, elevator and 25 ~bulIdozers rn Lacrosse, Jack, Miller House Bonanza Creek Circle Hydraulic and bulldozer 6 5 Lammers & Fitzpatrick Mining & California Creek, trib. to KO- Noatak- Hydraulic and bulldozer 12 Exp. Co., 2505 Garfield Road, buk 'River Kobu k ?I Spokane, Wash. 8 Lane Investment Co., San Ran- Big Eurrah Mine; Solomon Cape Nome Gold lode with mill Idle cisco, Calif. River 5 Laurin Brothers, Taylor Macklin Creek Cape Nome Drag scraper and lo % hydraulic 5 Lee Brothers Dredging Co., Nome Solomon River Cape Nome 2 Dredges 20 2 LeRoi Extension Gold Mining Granite Mine; Port Wells Valdez Gold lode with mill 11 i! Co., Valdez 8 Lindbald Mining Co., Girdwood Crow Creek Knik Hydraulic 6 Lindsay, Geo., Moose Pass Mile 16, Moose Pass-Hope Kenai Development of gold 5 highway lode with mill !!8 u1 Einn, Eli, Ung Trail Creek Nulato Bragline and bulldozer 7 Little Don Mining Co., Central Deadwood Creek below Switch Circle Hydraulic and bulldozer 5 Creek 144-160 Livengood Placers, Inc., 1 Mont- Livengood Creek Tolovana ' Dredge gomely Street, Elan l~ranciqo, s, I=- ..Calif. ..- - LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES 03t\3 -- -- P-- Name and Location of Mine Appro~. Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Crew Lang Creek Mining Co., Pair- Long Creek, Ruby Nulato Dragline and bulldozer 18 baa ks Mabelle Mine; -Inc., Anchorage Mabel Mine: Reed Creek Knik Gold lode with milling plant Mabel Mining, Milling & Power Reed Creek Kni k Under option to Ma- Go., Anchorage belle Mine, Inc. 0 Marvel Creek Mining Co., Flat Marvel Creek; Tuluksak area Bethel Dragline with wash- 19 q ing plant Mastodon Mining Co., Miller Lower Deadwood Creek Circle Dragline, bulldozers and 15 House washing plant P McKinley Gold, ,l:nc., Cordova McKinley Lake; McKinley Cordova Gold lode development 16 Lake, 20 miles east of Cor- with mill dova !2 Mellick & EIalvermn, Sleitmut Red Devil; Kuskokwim River, Kuskokwim Development of quick- 6 8 ;miles below Sleitmut silver lode j Mespelt & Co., Medfra Pearson & Strand; Nixon Mt. McKinley Gold lode with mill 7 8 Fork, Kuskokwiin River Minook Mining Co., Rampart Little Minook, Rampart Dist,. Hot Springs Shovel, bulldozer and 14 6 washing plant I2 Miscovich, P. & Sons, Flat Otter Creek Otter Trencheau, hydraulic, 12 bulldozer and hy- draulic lift Mohawk Mining Co., F'airbanks Henderson and Bondholder Fairbanks Gold lode with mill 4- 5 Mines; Ester Borne

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES: Name and Location of Mine Approx. Naq~qq Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Crew - - Moira Copper Co., 639 Wells Moira Sound, Prince of Wales Ketchikan Copper lode Idle g$$.jmJ\4(.3uk$% ?$&- Island 'a Monarch Mining Co., Jack Wade Baby Creek and Squaw Gulch Fortymile Hydraulic and bulldozer 6 .,-,k . Montana Mining Do.. 407 Madi- Omega and Alpha Creek, Eur- Hot Spring, Dragline, hydraulic and 11 $ sql 4y9.1 ?%lee&,vent. eka District bulldozer +3 Moore Creek Mining Co., Flat Moore Creek Otter Dragline, washing plant, 12 and d bulldozer ?l Moose Creek Coal Co., Anchor- Rawson or Wi&bone Hi 11 Knik ~ituminouscoal with Idle 8 a$?< property; Moose Creek washery z Mme Pass Placers, Inc., Juneau Moose Pass, Mills Creek Kenai Hydraulic with bull- Idle dozer I Moss & Earspn T+ning. . CQ.,Ta- Upper Ganes Creek Innoko Dredge 12 ?I htng '.A* 3 Moqt Aqdreq Minip CO., 72 Mount Andrew Mine; Kasaar. Ketchikan Copper lode Idle 8 $all +e.et, yewy9rg ' Peninsula Nabesna Mining Corp., Chitina Whitham and Golden Eagle Chitina Gold lode with mill 14 -J Groups; Nabesna River 8 Nass, @+ & OQen, Haycock Dime Creek Koyuk Drift mining 2 lo E U' N@$na\ Nickel Corp., Juneau Bohemia a n d Tasmania Sitka Nickelif erous lode Idle Groups, Yakobi Island (development) N&XU.I mifig Co., CUana Bonanza Creek White River Hydrauhc. and bc1-ldozer 5 NWfi 4,Tfij &%t?ki$q Nelson & Tift; McLean Arm, Ketchikan Gold lode development 7 Prince of Wales ,@,land with small .mill Lla'r' WF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES - bP Name and Location of Mine Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Approx.Crew - New Bullion Mining Co., An- Herning property; Upp e r Knik Gold lode with mill chorage Craigie Creek 5 New Chichagof Mining Syndi- New Chichagof; Pin,ta Bay, Sitka Gold lode development Idle cste, Juneau Chichago f Islan cl 4 New Hope, Inc., Seward Hirshey & PIatcher proper- Ken,ai Development of gold ties; Palmer group, Hope lode with mill New York Alaska Gold Dredg- Tuluksak River, Nyac Ing Colp., 120 Broadway, New Bethel 2 Dredges Pork Q New York Alaska Gold Dredging Bear Creek, Tuluksak area Bethel Dragline with washing P Corp., 120 Broadway, New l2 York plant ,and bulldozer z Newsboy Development C o r p., Newsboy lode; Cleary Creek Fairbanks D Gold lode with mill Idle 5 Fairbanks z Nickel Corporation of America, Bohemia Basin, Yakobi Is- Sitka Nickeliferous lode Idle !3 Juneau land m Nicolai Placer Mines, ,1414 Ban Creek, McCarthy McCarthy F'ourth Ave., Seattle, Wash. Hydraulic

Nome Creek IXedging Co., Fair- ,Nome Creek Tolovana Dredge )banks Nordale, Adler, Fairbanks Homestake; Wolf Creek Fairbanks Gold lode development 6 North American Eold Dredging Otter Creek Otter Co., Flat Dredge 20

Northland Development Co., Willow Creek, Flat Dragline, washing North Bend, Wash, plant and bulldozer 14

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES -- Approx. Naine and Locatio~~of Mine Crew Name anti Address of Operator -or Plant Precinct Type of Operation G Nukalaska Mining Co., 814 Fi- Beauty Bay, Nuka Bay . Kenai Gold lode development delity Bldg., Los Angeles, Calif. Oliver & Dodson, Jack Wade Upper Jack Wade Creek Fortymile Hydraulic,bulldozer pump and 10 2$ Council Dredge O~hirGold Dredging Co., Coun- Ophir Creek cil Gold lode with mill Idle Oracle Mine, Moose Pass Moose Pass Kenai %- Osborn Creek Dredging Co., Oeborn Creek Cape Nome Dredge 6n Nome j: 12 Palmer Creek Mining Co., Hope Palmer and Resurrection Kenai 2 hydraulic camps 5 Creeks % 11 ?arker & Son, Fairbanks N. R. Huclson property; Olive Tolovana Hydraulic, pump and 8 Creek bulldozer z Hydraulic, dragline 14 5 PauLson, S. R., Ophir Colorado Creek, Cripple sr?a Innoko and bulldozers n ?l Pealldori Placer Mines, Bethel Cripple Creek, trib. of Sal- Kuskokwim Bulldozing in,to ,boxes; 10 mon Rlver, lower Kusko- scraper for tailings 5 kwim District 3 Cape Nome Pumping plant and 5 8 Peninsula Placers, Nome Irene Creek bulldozer 12 Peterson & Mayfield, Girdwood Crow Creek Knik Hydraulic point Astley Mining Corp., Ju- Ahrensted property; Snetti- Juneau Copper, silver, gold neau sham lodes development polson, A., Nome Center Creek Cape Nome Drift mining 11 % Name and Location of Mine Name and Address of Operator Approx. --- or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Crew Porcupine Mining Co., Miller Porcupiile Creek House Circle Dragline, hydraulic 6 Portage Gold Mines, Ltd., 2OG Baminick Vietti property; Poe R' Valdez Gold lode with mill 10 Times Bldg., Victoria, B. C. Bay Porter, Wallace, Haycock !? Bear Creek Koyuk Hydraulic Powar.s, John, Eagle Dome Creek Eagle Hydraulic 5 0 Prospect Mining Co., Nenana '3 California Creek, Bonnifield Nenana Silver, gold, copper Idle District lode development Puntilla, Waino, Takotna 8 Little Creek Innoko Dredge Pylle Creek Mining Co., Fair- Palmer Creek banks Fairbanks Hydraulic and bulldozer 7 U, E Quigley, E. W.,Solomon Solomon River Cape Nome Hydraulic and bulldozer 6 Rae Wallace Mining Co., 7th Rae Wallace or Rosentha! Street, Wallace, Idaho Icnik Under lease to Alaska Property, Fishhook Creek Enterprise, Inc. i3 R.ainbow Mining Co., Nome 0 Black Gulch Cape Rome Hydraulic 5q R.andal1, N. B., Windham Spruce Creek Juneau Drag scraper 5 i5 Rapp & Till, Luckyshot Gold Bullion; Craigie Creek Knik Cyanide plant Ready Bullion Mining Corp., 10 8 Stay property; Eva, Quartz. Fairbaaks Gold lode with mill 5 Fainbank H,udson or Borovich and Stevens Mine; Ester D'Dme Red Top Mining Co., Fairbanks Jos. Quig-ley property; Friday Fairbanks Gold lode with mill 13 Creek, Kantishna

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES Name and Location of Mine Approx. Name and Address of Operator or PIant Precinct Type of Operation Crew 5 Reeve & Reeve, Talkeetna Upper Cache Creek Talkeetna Hydraulic 5 Remington, A,, & Turner, Geo., Matt Johnson property; R. Otter Xydraulicand #bulldozer lift, pwnp Flat Limit of Otter Creek E Repo, John, & Schwaesdal, An- Myrtle Creek Koyukuk Hydraulic and bulldozer 9 drew, Wlseman 34 Sunset Creek Port Clar- Pumping plant and 5 8 Rice, C. F. & Co., Teller ence scraper '?I Otter Dredge 16 Riley Investlnent Co., 116 Car- Otter Creek son St., Carson, Nev. 2 Hurrah Creek Gape Nonle Pumping plant and 7 5 Roberts, C. O., Nome bulldozer % Council Bulldozer and pump- 8 Rolando, B. & Sons, 769 So. 64th Game Creek ing plant St., Tacoma, Wash. Talkeetna Gas shovel 5 Ross, Otis & Partners, Talkeet- Peters Creek n a Gold lode with mill 10 Ruff & Tuff Gold Mining Co., Ruff & Tuff; Columbia Gla- Valdez 329 Republic Bldg., Seattle, cier Wash. Sakow, Walter, & Tomoff, Geo., Manley Estate property; Wi!- Otter Bulldozer, hydraulic and 9 Flat low Creek dragline for tailings 12 Savage & Bergstrom, C i r c 1 e Portage Creek Circle Dragline, ,bulldozer Springs and washing plant 14 Savage & Matheson, Takotna E v a n Jones - Nickelson Innoko Dragline, washing ground; Spruce Creek, plant and bulldozer Ophir Name and Location of Mine Approx. Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation - - Crew Schlitz Creek Mining Co., Nome Schlitz Creek Port Clar- Hydraulic elevator 7 ence Scott, Tolbert, Nome Iron Creek Cape No~ne Dredge 8 Scott Company, J. H.,Hyder Riverslde Mine; Salmoll Riv- Hyder # Gold, silver, tungsten, 20 er lead lode with mill 8 Shaw, T. J., Edmons, Wash. Ophir Creek Council '-3 Hydraulic 8 0 Shaw & Cook, Bonanza Ungalik River St. Michael Dredge %l Idle a Shield, C. F. & Co., Fairbanks No G~ubCreek, Salcha Dist. Fairbanks Hydraulic, slackline and 10 bulldozer Slack & Mahan, Nome California Creek Cape Nom~ Dredge 5 fi Solo Mining Co., Ketchikan Electrunl Group: Hyder Hyder Gold lode development Idle ' Sorenson & Associate, Hope Resurrection Creek Kenai Hydraulic 6 Sparks, Howard G., & Mlller, Luckman; Amy Creek Max, Livengood Tolovana Hydraulic and bulldozer 4-6 g 0 Speljack, Frank, Takotna 3 Coffy Bench; Ganes and Lit- lnnoko Hydraulic and bulldozer $ tle Creeks Spokane Peters Creek, Inc., 522 Peters and Cache Creeks Talkeetna Dragline with washing Idle 2 Old Natl. Bank Uldg., Spokane, Wash. plant and bulldozer

Standard Mines, Tnc., Ferry Eva Creek Nenan a Dredge 6 Steavens, Lea, 3292 McCLintock Quartz Creek Ave., Seattle, Wash. Cape Nome Dragline, bulldozer 5 and hydraulic

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTES and Approx. Name Location of Mine Crew Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Stepovich, Mike, Fairballks Lower Fish Creek Fairbanks Dragline and bulldozer 15 Strandberg & Sons, Anchorage Candle Creek, Takotna Jnnoko Dragline,plant and washing bulldozer

Stuyahok Mining Co., Anchor- Flat Creek $rib. to Stuyahok Wade- Draglines,and washing ,bulldozers plants age River Hampton Cape Nome Slackline cable 25 0 Sullivan, J. T. Mining Co., 109 Daniels Creek "4 So. Maln Street, Stillwater, h Minn. Gold lode with mill Superior Mine, Inc., 'The, 717 Little Giant, Rose, Star, Big Valdez .-,w"*c(arr-am~ntn w.*.-*- ".,---StyppJ: -- ", SR~Fran-- Four and Blue Fox Groups cisco, Calif. Mineral Creek and picot Bag 20 0 Superior Portland Cement, lnc., View Cove; Dall Island Ketchikan Limestone quarry 1003 Seaboard Bldg., Seattle, Wash. 8 Tatlanika Mining Co., Fairbanks Grubstake Creek, Bonnifield Nenana Hydraulic, bulldozer $ district Silver, lead lode Idle Texas Creek Gold Mining Co., Texas Creek Hyder g Hyder @ Three Miners, Inc., Ophir Esperanto Creek, Tolstoi area Innoko Dragline,and ,bulldozer washing plant 12 6 Togiak Mining Co., Anchorage Trail Creek, Togiak River Bristol Bay Hydraulicdozer with bull- 6 Trinity Mining Co., Nome Kougarok River Cape Nome Hydraulic Triple X Placers, Inc., Ferry Moose Creek Nenana Dredge 6 % Name ant1 Location of Mine Name and Address of Operator Approx. - or PIant Precinct Type of Operation Crew Triple X Mining Co., Ferry Moose Creek Nenana Drag line, 'bulldozers 9 and washing plant Tweet Brothers, Teller Coyote Creek Port Clar- Pumping plant and 6 encc bulldozer Tweet & Sons, Teller Deese Creek Port Clar- Dredge Idle ence Ungalik Syndicate, 100 E. 42nd Ungalik River St. Michael Dredge Street, Seattle, Wash. 9 United ~ini'ng& Beveloplnent Slate Creek, Moose Pass Kenai Development of gold 12 Co., Seward lode with mill U. S. S. R. & M. Co., 1 State Pedro Creek Fairbanks Hydraulic and bulldozer 10 Street, Baton, Mass. U. 5. S. R. & M. Go., 1 State Moscluito Fork and Chicken Fortymile Drill prospecting Street, -ton, Mass. Creek 6 U. S. S. R. & M. Co., 1 State Cleary, Pedro, Goldstream, Faulbanks 8 Dredges Street, Boston, Mass. Ester-Cripple, Fish, Little Eldorado and Fairbanks- Fish Creeks U. S. S. R. & M. Co., 1 State Nome Cape Noine 3 Dredges 289 Street, Boston, Mass.

U. S. S. R. & M. Co., 1 State Henry Ford Mine; Fairbanks Fairbanks Gold lode with mill 16 Street, Baston, Mass. United Western Mines, Inc., Ju- Clark property; CarLson Creelr Juneau Gsld lode development Idle neau

LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES Naine and Location of Mine Approx. Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct Type of Operation Crew

Uotilla & Hard, Ophir Ophir Creek Innoko Dragline,plant, hydraulic w a s h i 11 g 25 and 2 bulldozers Slate Creek Otter Dragline, w a s hin g 12 Uotilla & Ogriz, Flat 'plant, hydraulic and bulldozer Utopia Creek Ft. Gibbon Dragline, bullclozer and 14 Utopia Mining Co., Anchorage washing plant

Vibe, N. J., Whir Yankee Creek Innoko Dredge Dragline with washing 9 Vibe & Schwaesdall, Takotna Spaulding Creek, Upper Innoko Ganes plant 28-30 Wade Creek Dredging Co., Fair- Wade Creek Fortymile .Dredge ,banks 5 Wagner, Frank, Talkeetna Lower Bird Creek Talkeetna Hydi-aulic Walkers Fork Gold. Corp., 726 Walkers Fork Fortymile Dredge Idle Jos. Vance Bldg., Seattle, Wash. Wanvick, A., Livengood Wilbur Creek Tolovana Hydraulic and bulldozer 6 5 Whitehead & Go., White Bluff, Pioneer Creek, Eureka Dis- Hot Springs Bulldozer, pump and Wash. trict hydraulic lift Wickersham Bros., Cantwell Valdez Creek Chitina Hydraulic Willow Creek Mines, Luckyshot Lucky Shot, War Baby and Knik Gold lodes with milling 55 Gold Bullion properties; plant Craigie Creek LIST OF MINING OPERATORS AND PROPERTIES - Name ai~clLocatioll of Mine Approx. Crew Name and Address of Operator or Plant Precinct-- Type of Operation Willow Creelr Mining C3., TvIar- Willow Creek Wade- Dragline, bulldozer and 14 shall Hampton Pump Wilson Creek Mining Co., An- Elephant Gulch, trib, to Wade- Dragline, lbulldozer and 16 chorage Wilson Creek Hampton washing plant Wolf Creek Mining Co., Fair- Wolf Creek, trib. to Clean Fairbanks Dragline and washing % banks Creek plant - Wycoda Mining Co., Ketchikan Goo Goo and Sea Level prop- Ketchikan Development of gold Idle erties; Thorne Arm lode n Yakataga Mining Co., Yakutat White River Kayak Placer drilling E Yellow Band Gold Mines, kc., Yellow Band, Chick Nelson Chitina Gold lode with mill Chitina a 11 d Bremner; Golconda Creek !2 0 Yukon Mining Co., Anchorage Bobtail Creek, trib, to Kako Wade- Dragline, bulldozer and 15 3 Creek Hampton washing plant n Zimmerman, A. A,, Circle Springs Ketchum Creek Circle Dragline, hydraulic 8 Zimmerman, A. A., Fairbanla Sourdough Creek, vicinity of Fairbanks Hydraulic, slackline, 5 Fairbanks excavator