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PM Breaking the Code Presseinformation “We’re sorry. You deserved so much better.“ Gordon Brown, Ex-Premierminister, über Alan Turing Den 100. Geburtstag von Alan Turing feiert das English Theatre Frankfurt zum Saisonauftakt 2012/2013 mit dem biographischen Stück “Breaking the Code“ von Hugh Whitemore. Damit reiht sich das English Theatre in die weltweiten Gedenkveranstaltungen zu Ehren des britischen Mathematikers ein. Synopsis “It’s not breaking the code that matters – it’s where you go from there.“ Alan Turing ist ein hochbegabter Mathematiker: Während des Zweiten Weltkrieges knackt er den Enigma-Code der Nazis und wird zum „Mann, der den Krieg für Großbritannien gewinnt“ (Churchill). Turings bahnbrechende Erkenntnisse sind wegbereitend in der Informatik und Mathematik. Doch ein Sex-Skandal im prüden England der 50er Jahre verhindert, dass ihm der Ruhm zuteil wird, den er verdient. Ein Stück über einen genialen Exzentriker, der sein Heimatland rettet, der Entwicklung des modernen Computers entscheidende Impulse gibt, in Sex-Skandale und geheimdienstliche Tätigkeit verwickelt wird, um schließlich unter mysteriösen Umständen an einer Zyanid-Vergiftung zu sterben. Hintergründe Hugh Whitemores Stück “Breaking the Code“ (1986) über einen der bedeutendsten Wissenschaftler des 20. Jahrhunderts basiert auf der Biographie “Alan Turing: The Enigma“ (1983) von Andrew Hodges. Es zeichnet sich durch präzises und sensibel verarbeitetes Recherchematerial aus und porträtiert das bewegte Leben des genialen britischen Mathematikers. Turing war eine schillernde Persönlichkeit, die vermeintlich Widersprüchliches in sich vereinte: zugleich Kriegsheld und homosexueller Mann, Marathonläufer und Disney-Fan. Er widersetzte sich Konventionen und machte kein Geheimnis aus seiner Homosexualität – und das zu einer Zeit, in der dies mit Gefängnis geahndet wurde. Das Theaterstück “Breaking the Code“ erlebte 1986 seine Uraufführung im Londoner West End. Von 1987 bis 88 wurde es am Broadway inszeniert – ebenfalls mit Derek Jacobi in der Hauptrolle – und für drei Tony Awards in den Kategorien “Bester Hauptdarsteller“, “Beste Nebenrolle“ und “Beste Regie“ nominiert. Weitere Nominierungen für den Drama Desk Award in den Kategorien “Bester Hauptdarsteller“ und “Beste Nebenrolle“ folgten. Die BBC-Verfilmung aus dem Jahr 1996 wurde schließlich mit dem Broadcasting Press Guild Award ausgezeichnet. Mit seiner hervorragenden Darstellung des Alan Turing begeisterte der Emmy- und Tony Award-Preisträger Derek Jacobi sowohl in der Bühnenadaption als auch in der Verfilmung ein Millionenpublikum. Gedanken zum Stück von Michael Howcroft (Regisseur) Das Bühnenstück “Breaking the Code“ erzählt die Lebensgeschichte von Alan Turing und dementsprechend groß ist auch die Hauptrolle angelegt. „Damals in den späten 80er Jahren wurde das Stück auf den Turing-Darsteller Derek Jacobi zugeschnitten, der sowohl in der Verfilmung wie auch auf der Bühne zu sehen war,“ erläutert Michael Howcroft, der zum ersten Mal in Deutschland als Regisseur tätig ist. „Klar, Stephen Fewell alias Turing ist auch in dieser Produktion das tragende Element. Wir haben ihn als Ersten gecastet und erst im Anschluss die weiteren Rollen besetzt,“ fügt er hinzu. „Jedoch wollten wir uns von dieser ’One-Man-Show’ etwas entfernen und die Nebenrollen auch stark in den Vordergrund stellen. Immerhin macht erst das Zusammenspiel aller Akteure das Gesamtkunstwerk ’Theater’ aus.“ Alan Turing hat zeit seines Lebens stark gestottert. „Derek Jacobi hat in der Verfilmung diesen Aspekt Turings besonders hervorgehoben. Im Film ist das jedoch besser möglich als auf der Bühne, wo dies doch auf Dauer das Publikum irritieren könnte. Zudem stellt sich die Frage, inwieweit Turing dann auf der Bühne noch verständlich wäre. Deswegen sind wir einen Mittelweg gegangen. Das Stottern ist auf der Bühne vorhanden – da ein wichtiges Merkmal von Turing – aber nicht allzu ausgeprägt, damit er noch verständlich bleibt,“ macht Howcroft deutlich. Das Stück stellt einen Zusammenhang zwischen Turings Arbeit in Bletchley Park und den Folgen seines “Coming-Outs“ als homosexueller Mann her. „Beides war mit einer gewissen Verpflichtung gegenüber dem Staat verknüpft: einerseits musste sich Turing zur absoluten Geheimhaltung seiner Dechiffrier-Tätigkeit verpflichten, andererseits durfte seine sexuelle Neigung nicht öffentlich bekannt werden,“ stellt Howcroft fest. „Als Letzteres schließlich eintraf, fürchtete der Staat, dass Turing auch leichtfertig mit Geheiminformationen aus dem Zweiten Weltkrieg umgehen würde. Es ist schon ironisch und tragisch, wie schnell die Regierung die Taten Turings vergaß, die Tausenden von Menschen das Leben rettete, um ihn kurzerhand zu verurteilen und anschließend in Vergessenheit geraten zu lassen. Auch seine Errungenschaften wurden erst lange Zeit später einer breiten Öffentlichkeit bekannt,“ resümiert der Regisseur nachdenklich. Bis heute konnte seine Todesursache nicht geklärt werden: nahm er sich das Leben oder wurde er umgebracht? „Auffällig ist jedenfalls, wie schlampig die Polizei damals bei den Ermittlungen vorgegangen ist. Es wurde ein offenes Behältnis mit Zyanid in Turings Küche gefunden und neben dem Bett, in dem der tote Turing lag, ein angebissener Apfel. Voreilig wurde gefolgert, dass Turing sich mit dem mit Zyanid vergifteten Apfel selbst umgebracht haben sollte. Das einzige Problem bei der ganzen Sache: der Apfel wurde nie auf Spuren von Zyanid untersucht. Dies wiederum legt nahe, dass hier etwas vertuscht werden sollte. Man ist der Sache wahrscheinlich auch nicht weiter auf den Grund gegangen, weil man vermutete, dass irgendeine Affäre von Turing den Mord begangen haben könnte. Und weitere Schlagzeilen wollte der Staat anscheinend vermeiden,“ erklärt Howcroft. Weltweit werden Gedenkveranstaltungen und Würdigungen zu Ehren des genialen britischen Mathematikers gefeiert. Das English Theatre Frankfurt bringt als einziges Theater Deutschlands das Stück “Breaking the Code“ auf die Bühne. „Es ist in der Tat der beste Zeitpunkt, um ein solches Stück zu inszenieren. Turing ist in aller Munde und ihn mit einer Theater-Inszenierung zu würdigen...was gibt es Schöneres?“ stellt Howcroft fest. Auf die Frage hin, welche Reaktion er sich beim Publikum wünscht, antwortet er: „Es wäre ein wunderbares Zeichen, wenn die Zuschauer die Online-Petition mit dem Titel ’Grant a pardon to Alan Turing’* unterschreiben würden. Die Petition setzt sich dafür ein, dass Turings Verurteilung aufgehoben wird. Turing wurde im Jahr 1952 wegen ’grober Unzucht und sexueller Perversion’ angeklagt und vor die Wahl gestellt, entweder ins Gefängnis zu gehen oder sich einer Hormontherapie zu unterziehen.“ * Die Petition ist online zu finden unter: http://epetitions.direct.gov.uk/petitions/23526 Schauspieler (Auswahl) Stephen Fewell (Alan Turing) Der gebürtige Brite studierte Englisch an der Oxford University und wurde an der Webber Douglas Academy ausgebildet. Schon als Kind wollte er Schauspieler werden und mit elf Jahren stand er zum ersten Mal auf der Bühne. Fewell wird in “Breaking the Code“ in der Rolle des Alan Turing zu sehen sein und tritt damit zum ersten Mal in Deutschland auf. „Ich stand bereits in verschiedenen Ländern außerhalb Großbritanniens auf der Bühne, unter Anderem in Israel und Palästina. Die Tatsache, vor einem überwiegend deutsch-sprachigen Publikum aufzutreten, beeinflusst natürlich auch die Vorbereitung auf die Rolle. Da erscheint es dann noch wichtiger als sonst, sich über die Körpersprache verständlich zu machen. Gesten und Mimik können da Einiges bewirken,“ erklärt Fewell. Als er anfing, sich über Turing zu informieren, sah sich Fewell mit einer Fülle an Informationen konfrontiert. „2012 ist ja Turings Jubiläumsjahr und kein Wunder, dass man da mit Info-Material regelrecht überflutet wird,“ sagt er rückblickend. „Aber irgendwie ist es auch ironisch: damals zu Lebzeiten Turings und in den darauf folgenden Jahren wurde ihm bei weitem nicht die Beachtung geschenkt wie das heutzutage der Fall ist, wo sich alle ihm zu eigen machen wollen, um von seiner Popularität zu profitieren,“ stellt er fest. „Wie bei fast jeder Rolle, auf die man sich vorbereitet, so habe ich mich auch für Turing in gewisser Weise ’moralisch’ verantwortlich gefühlt. Mir ist es sehr wichtig, ’die emotionale Wahrheit’ eines Charakters zu ergründen und diese so wahrhaftig wie möglich auf der Bühne widerzugeben. Es existieren zwar keine Originalaufnahmen von Turing, aber die zahlreichen Informationen, die es über ihn gibt, bieten beste Voraussetzungen, um tief in seine Persönlichkeit einzutauchen,“ erklärt Fewell. Er ist gespannt darauf, wie das deutsche Publikum auf das Stück reagieren wird. „Turing wurde in seinem Denken und Forschen von vielen deutschen Wissenschaftlern wie David Hilbert, Albert Einstein und Werner Heisenberg beeinflusst. Die Geschichte des britischen Mathematikers ist damit unweigerlich mit einem Stück deutscher Forschungsgeschichte verflochten,“ hebt Fewell hervor. Als Schauspieler war Fewell bisher in folgenden Produktionen zu sehen: “Romeo and Juliet“ (Headlong), “Little Fines“ (Soundbites), “The Tempest“ (Barbican BITE, Tour durch Palästina), “Cello“ (The Yard), “Things that Make No Sense/ Wiff Waff“ (Theatre Uncut, Latitude), “Into Thy Hands“ (Jericho House, Wilton's Music Hall). 2009 verkörperte er Arthur Andersen in dem Olivier Award gekrönten Stück “ENRON“ (Chichester Festival Theatre, Royal Court und West End). Weitere Theaterrollen: “Billy Bow“ (Nuffield), Gabriel and Death in Headlong’s “Paradise Lost“, “Henry IV Parts I & II“ (Bristol
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