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Study Assessment Legal Law and Protection of a Regional Culture

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Study Assessment Legal Law and Protection of a Regional Culture International Journal of Research and Review Vol.7; Issue: 3; March 2020 Website: www.ijrrjournal.com Research Paper E-ISSN: 2349-9788; P-ISSN: 2454-2237 Study Assessment Legal Law and Protection of a Regional Culture Dina Andiza, Onny Medaline Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi, Medan, Indonesia, 20122 Corresponding Author: Onny Medaline ABSTRACT has customs, customs, and cultural diversity with its own regional characteristics. This Study discussed about traditional The cultural diversity of this region knowledge (PT) and traditional cultural is clearly seen in geographical, ethnic, expressions (EBT) is a state asset that is very socio-cultural, religious and belief aspects. potential for prosperity nation because it has Indonesia has a rich culture, both historical high economic value, but ownership many recognized (claimed) by foreign parties without heritage and traditional knowledge with any benefit sharing, resulting in a conflict of enormous potential to produce various kinds interest between developed countries and the of works and traditions from all regions in state developing like Indonesia. Our weakness Indonesia from Sabang to Merauke where in developing the protection system there is no there are more than 900 ethnic groups proper protection system and adequate and spread across 33 provinces in Indonesia. limited data, documentation and information Traditional works of art, traditional about PT and EBT. The struggle of Indonesia as techniques that have long been "alive" in one of the developing countries for legal traditional societies, are considered as assets protection to continue form a proper protection of economic value. Traditional Knowledge system for traditional knowledge at the and Expression of Traditional Culture is an international level in 2000 IGC-GRTKF was formed(Intergovernmental Committee on invaluable wealth of Indonesia as a national Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge, and identity, so that the culture of this region Folklor) by WIPO to discuss the possibility of can be juxtaposed with culture and holding a binding agreement, in an effort the international work and is a state asset that is law to protect internationally, then at the second to none national level The government is conducting a In the Preamble of the 1945 discussion on the DraftLaw (RUU) concerning Constitution it has been confirmed, the SDGPTEF (Genetic Resources, Traditional purpose of the establishment of the Knowledge and Expression of Traditional Indonesian state, namely to protect all of Culture. While which already exists, namely Indonesia's bloodshed and promote public Law Number 19 of 2002 concerning Rights welfare. Referring to the objectives of the Cipta is not fully operational, because there is no regulation Implementation. country, the duty of the state is to protect and seek public welfare. In this case, among Keywords: Assessment Legal, Regional Culture, others, by providing protection to traditional Draft Law knowledge and culture, belonging to the Indonesian people since time immemorial. INTRODUCTION Such protection is very necessary to Indonesia as one of the developing prevent products belonging to Indonesian countries, and is an archipelagic country has people, especially those based on traditional more than 20,000 islands where each island knowledge, so that their ownership is not recognized without permission by other International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 87 Vol.7; Issue: 3; March 2020 Dina Andiza et.al. Study assessment legal law and protection of a regional culture countries. Therefore, these products need The reluctance of developed legal protection. Moreover, it is clear that all countries to recognize the knowledge and wealth based on traditional culture has very cultural expressions of developing countries high economic value. is because they do not want to lose access to These efforts will certainly encourage an the knowledge and expression of traditional increase in the Indonesian economy and can culture of local people, which has proved to improve people's welfare. be very beneficial for them, both Regarding its utilization by foreign economically and knowledgeably and parties, actually the community is open and technologically. not possessive. This is due to the orientation The same thinking above, described of the local community, which has not fully by Agus Sardjono by saying, that developed thought of material happiness, but rather countries have applied unfairly in the use of spiritual happiness. 8 However, developing traditional knowledge of local communities countries, such as Indonesia that have these in third countries. In this case, Sardjono assets, do not participate in enjoying the refers to the case of taking intellectual economic benefits of using these traditional property of the Indonesian people, in the knowledge. field of medicine, which later claimed itself, The struggle of developing countries as an inventor of pharmaceutical technology for legal protection of biological resources that was actually taken from knowledge that and traditional knowledge emerged with the has been practiced by traditional signing of the 1992 Convention on communities on Java. Biological Diversity (CBD). Since that time By taking an example in the field of various meetings at the world level, medicine, it is proven that it is now especially within the framework of the protection of the knowledge and traditional World Intellectual Property Organization culture of the Indonesian people, as (WIPO), have been held to formulate intellectual property is increasingly felt and appropriate protection systems for these important. This awareness arises because of traditional knowledge. the process of abuse (missappropriation) Aim idea of utilizing the Intellectual towards traditional knowledge of the Property Rights (IPR) system, the Sui Indonesian people, which is carried out by generis system, the documentation system developed countries. and the prior informed consest system to The existing abuse process starts protect traditional knowledge continues to with a one-sided acknowledgment that the roll on, but it has not yet been achieved. knowledge of former local communities, for Although in the CDB it has been mentioned example in the field of medicine, is about the protection of traditional recognized as a result of their findings. And knowledge. But until now there has been no furthermore, the findings are requested for agreement between CDB participating patent protection which provides economic countries. benefits to its holders through monopolization of the relevant LITERATURE REVIEW pharmaceutical products. The emergence of injustices felt by In addition to the reasons for abuse developing countries occurs because their and injustice, awareness to protect the knowledge and expressions of traditional knowledge and expressions of traditional culture are not protected, as is intellectual culture is also due to the fact that the property in developed countries. Meanwhile Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) system is developed countries try to protect their not fully relevant to protect traditional intellectual property from abuse, by cultural knowledge and expressions, as pressuring countries in the third world, to intellectual property. protect their intellectual property rights. International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 88 Vol.7; Issue: 3; March 2020 Dina Andiza et.al. Study assessment legal law and protection of a regional culture The irrelevance of the IPR system guarantee was more unproven and the for efforts to protect cultural knowledge and theory began to be abandoned. Since the expressions is caused by various things. 1970s, alternative ideas for legal reform First, the IPR system encourages the process have been born, namely the devolopment of utilizing biological resources on a large model, which was initiated by Philippe scale, when the investment is concerned; it Nonet and Philip Selzenik. actually requires large-scale exploitation of The strength of the devolopment biological resources. model lies in its understanding of the Second, even though the IPR system complexity of the reality of the relationship allows for increased use of technology and between law and society. By the theory of knowledge, traditional medicine to a higher modernization, the complex realiatas, it is level. But it cannot prevent the occurrence reduced to very simple, so that the theory of abuse and commercialization carried out fails, making predictions about the role of by the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, law in the development and change of as an alternative, a sui generis protection society. 18 system is needed for traditional cultural The basic concept that underlies knowledge and expression. legal reform in the field of protection of With a system of protection on the knowledge and expression of traditional basis of sui generis legislation, the home culture, is first to be initiated in the study of country can protect the knowledge and responsive law. The views of Nonet and expression of traditional culture from the Selzick, look at the law from the point of misuse of other parties. Included in this sui view of sociological jurisprudence and the generis protection system, is regulating the realist jurisprudence. Both of these legal problem of foreigners' access to knowledge thoughts, seeing and understanding the law and expressions of traditional culture. empirically with a focus more emphasis, are not merely on the boundaries
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