Informasi Citra Satelit 92 Pulau-Pulau Kecil Terluar Indonesia

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Informasi Citra Satelit 92 Pulau-Pulau Kecil Terluar Indonesia INFORMASI CITRA SATELIT 92 PULAU-PULAU KECIL TERLUAR INDONESIA Pulau Marore Pulau Nipa Data Pleiades 15 Februari 2013 Worldview-2 23 Maret 2015 Landsat 8 G. Kelud (26 Juni 2013) Sebelum Erupsi Pulau Rondo Pulau Batek SPOT-6 3 Oktober 2015 Geo-Eye 28 April 2014 Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional PUSAT PEMANFAATAN PENGINDERAAN JAUH Jl.Kalisari No.8 Pekayon Pasar Rebo Jakarta Telp.021-8710065, Faks.021-8722733, http://pusfatja.lapan.go.id INFORMASI CITRA SATELIT 92 PULAU-PULAU KECIL TERLUAR INDONESIA Edisi I Diterbitkan oleh: PUSAT PEMANFAATAN PENGINDERAAN JAUH DEPUTI BIDANG PENGINDERAAN JAUH LEMBAGA PENERBANGAN DAN ANTARIKSA NASIONAL (LAPAN) Tim Penyusun: Tim Pengarah : Dr. M. Rokhis Khomarudin, S.Si., M.Si. Kepala Pusat Pemanfaatan Penginderaan Jauh Parwati, S.Si., M.Sc. Kepala Bidang Diseminasi Pemanfaatan Penginderaan Jauh Tim Peneliti: Yennie Marini, S.Pi., M.Eng Prof. Dr. Muchlisin Arief Sartono Marpaung, S.Si Rossi Hamzah, S.Kom Anneke K.S. Manoppo, S.Pi. ISBN : Jakarta, Desember 2016 i DAFTAR ISI Daftar Isi ii 3.20 Pulau Deli 47 Kata Pengantar iv 3.21 Pulau Dolangan 49 Singkatan v 3.22 Pulau Enggano 51 Disclaimer vi 3.23 Pulau Enu 53 3.24 Pulau Fani 55 BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1 3.25 Pulau Gosong Makasar 57 1.1 Latar Belakang 1 3.26 Pulau Intata dan Kakorotan 59 1.2 Tujuan 2 3.27 Pulau Iyu Kecil 61 1.3 Sasaran Pengguna 2 3.28 Pulau Karang 63 3.29 Pulau Karaweira 65 BAB II METODOLOGI 3 3.30 Pulau Karimun Kecil 67 2.1 Data 3 3.31 Pulau Kawalusu 69 2.2 Metode 6 3.32 Pulau Kawio 71 2.3 Pengaturan Tata Letak (Layout) 7 3.33 Pulau Kepala 73 3.34 Pulau Kisar 75 BAB III HASIL 8 3.35 Pulau Kolepon 77 3.1 Pulau Alor 9 3.36 Pulau Kultubai Selatan 79 3.2 Pulau Ararkula 11 3.37 Pulau Kultubai Utara 81 3.3 Pulau Asutubun 13 3.38 Pulau Laag 83 3.4 Pulau Barung 15 3.39 Pulau Leti 85 3.5 Pulau Batarkusu 17 3.40 Pulau Larat 87 3.6 Pulau Batek 19 3.41 Pulau Liki 89 3.7 Pulau Batu Berhanti 21 3.42 Pulau Lingayan 91 3.8 Pulau Batu Goyang 23 3.43 Pulau Liran 93 3.9 Pulau Batu Kecil 25 3.44 Pulau Makalehi 95 3.10 Pulau Batumandi 27 3.45 Pulau Mangkai 97 3.11 Pulau Benggala 29 3.46 Pulau Mangudu 99 3.12 Pulau Bepondi 31 3.47 Pulau Mantehage 101 3.13 Pulau Berhala 33 3.48 Pulau Manuk 103 3.14 Pulau Bongkil 35 3.49 Pulau Marampit 105 3.15 Pulau Bras dan Fanildo 37 3.50 Pulau Maratua 107 3.16 Pulau Budd 39 3.51 Pulau Marore dan Batubawaikang 109 3.17 Pulau Damar 41 3.52 Pulau Marsela 111 3.18 Pulau Dana 1 43 3.53 Pulau Meatimiarang 113 3.19 Pulau Dana 2 45 3.54 Pulau Mega 115 ii 3.55 Pulau Miangas 117 3.56 Pulau Miossu 119 3.57 Pulau Nipa 121 3.58 Pulau Nongsa 123 3.59 Pulau Nusa Kambangan 125 3.60 Pulau Panambulai 127 3.61 Pulau Panehan 129 3.62 Pulau Pelampong 131 3.63 Pulau Raya 133 3.64 Pulau Rondo 135 3.65 Pulau Rusa 137 3.66 Pulau Salando 139 3.67 Pulau Salaut Besar 141 3.68 Pulau Sambit 143 3.69 Pulau Sebatik 145 3.70 Pulau Sebetul 147 3.71 Pulau Sekatung 149 3.72 Pulau Sekel 151 3.73 Pulau Selaru 153 3.74 Pulau Semiun 155 3.75 Pulau Sentut 157 3.76 Pulau Senua 159 3.77 Pulau Sophialouisa 161 3.78 Pulau Sibarubaru 163 3.79 Pulau Simeulucut 165 3.80 Pulau Simuk 167 3.81 Pulau Sinyaunyau 169 3.82 Pulau Subi Kecil 171 3.83 P. Tokong Berlayar 173 3.84 Pulau Tokongboro 175 3.85 Pulau Tokong Malang Biru 177 3.86 Pulau Tokong Nanas 179 3.87 Pulau Wetar 181 3.88 Pulau Wunga 183 3.89 Pulau Yiew 185 REFERENSI 187 iii KATA PENGANTAR Kepala Pusat Pemanfaatan Penginderaan Jauh LAPAN Assalaamu’alaikum W.W. Puji syukur kami panjatkan ke hadirat Allah SWT, Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas berkat dan rahmatnya penyusunan buku Informasi Citra Satelit 92 Pulau-Pulau Kecil Terluar di Indonesia ini dapat diselesaikan. Buku ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk memberikan informasi gambaran umum 92 pulau-pulau kecil terluar di Indonesia dengan memanfaatkan data citra satelit penginderaan jauh. Pulau-pulau terluar mempunyai peran strategis dalam menjaga tetap utuhnya kedaulatan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Pulau-pulau ini harus mendapatkan perhatian dan pengawasan yang serius agar tidak menimbulkan permasalahan yang dapat mengganggu keutuhan wilayah Indonesia. Salah satu hal penting yang diperlukan dalam pengawasan pulau-pulau terluar adalah tersedianya data eksisiting pulau-pulau terluar tersebut. Penginderaan jauh sebagai sains dan teknologi dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam upaya pengawasan tersebut, salah satunya yaitu dengan pemanfaatan data citra satelit yang mampu menggambarkan kondisi pulau-pulau kecil terluar. Buku ini kami uraikan menjadi tiga bagian (bab). Bab Pertama adalah pendahuluan, Bab Kedua adalah metodologi yang dipergunakan, dan Bab Ketiga adalah hasil. Dua bab pertama kami uraikan secara singkat. Bab ketiga kami tampilkan hasil kompilasi yang disusun dalam format Peta Citra Satelit. Pada kesempatan ini, kami juga mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya khususnya kepada Kepala Pusat Teknologi dan Data Penginderaan Jauh beserta stafnya yang telah menyediakan data citra satelit, sebagai data utama dalam penyusunan buku ini. Akhirnya kami berharap semoga buku ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca, memberikan sumbangsih bagi upaya pengawasan pulau-pulau kecil terluar Indonesia. Kami menyadari, buku ini masih banyak kekurangan, kami mengharap saran dan masukan untuk perbaikan ke depan, sehingga buku terbitan berikutnya bisa lebih baik dan bermanfaat. Jakarta, Desember 2016 Dr. M. Rokhis Khomarudin iv SINGKATAN LAPAN (Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional) BNPP (Badan Nasional Pengelola Perbatasan) KKP (Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan) Kemendagri (Kementrian Dalam Negeri) Wantannas (Dewan Pertahanan Nasional) v DISCLAIMER Buku ini disusun untuk memberikan informasi keberadaan pulau-pulau kecil terluar di Indonesia berdasarkan data penginderaan jauh. Meskipun kompilasi data sudah dilakukan secara hati-hati, namun hasilnya masih memungkinkan adanya kesalahan, baik dari sisi informasi maupun geometrik baik yang berasal dari data citra maupun non citra. Kami tidak bertanggungjawab terhadap akibat yang ditimbulkan dari pemanfaatan data dan informasi yang diambil dari buku ini. vi BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan dan sebagian besar merupakan pulau-pulau kecil yang tersebar diseluruh nusantara. Indonesia menjadi negara kepulauan sejak ditetapkan melalui Deklarasi Juanda pada tahun 1957 dan dikukuhkan oleh Undang-Undang Nomor 4/PrP/1960, yang kemudian diganti dengan Undang-Undang RI nomor 6 Tahun 1996 tentang Perairan Indonesia dan secara internasional diakui melalui Konvensi Hukum Laut PBB yaitu United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982 yang telah diratifikasi Indonesia dalam Undang-undang No. 17 tahun 1985. Definisi pulau kecil dalam Undang-undang No. 27 tahun 2007 adalah pulau dengan luasan lebih kecil atau sama dengan 2.000 Km2 beserta kesatuan ekosistemnya. LAPAN pada tahun 2002 berdasarkan hasil kajian citra satelit menyatakan bahwa jumlah pulau di Indonesia adalah sebanyak 18.306, dan berdasarkan hasil inventarisasi yang dilakukan oleh Dishidros TNI-AL pada tahun 2003, terdapat 92 pulau kecil terluar yang tersebar di 17 provinsi dimana keberadaannya mempengaruhi luas wilayah kedaulatan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Dalam PP No. 62 Tahun 2010, Pulau-Pulau Kecil Terluar (PPKT) adalah pulau-pulau kecil yang memiliki titik-titik dasar koordinat geografis yang menghubungkan garis pangkal laut kepulauan sesuai dengan hukum internasional dan nasional. Sehingga, bagi Indonesia sebagai negara yang berbentuk kepulauan, keberadaan pulau-pulau kecil terluar tersebut memiliki nilai strategis yang sangat penting karena pulau-pulau terluar tersebut digunakan sebagai titik dasar dari garis pangkal kepulauan Indonesia dalam pengukuran dan penetapan batas wilayah negara Indonesia dengan negara tetangga terutama dalam pengukuran dan penentuan batas wilayah perairannya. Melihat fungsi penting dari pulau-pulau terluar tersebut, perlu dilakukan pemantauan terhadap pulau-pulau kecil terluar. Pemantauan diperlukan terutama untuk melihat kondisi fisik keberadaan pulau tersebut. Dalam hal ini, peranan sains dan teknologi terkait sangat diperlukan. Penginderaan jauh sebagai sains dan teknologi diharapkan ikut memberikan kontribusi dalam upaya pemantauan tersebut, salah satunya yaitu dengan pemanfaatan data citra satelit yang mampu menggambarkan kondisi pulau-pulau kecil terluar. LAPAN sebagai lembaga pemerintah yang diamanatkan oleh UU Nomor 21 Tahun 2013 tentang Keantariksaan untuk menggiatkan penginderaan jauh. Dalam hal ini, LAPAN diharapkan mampu memberikan kontribusi dalam pemanfaatan penginderaan jauh untuk mendukung kegiatan pemantauan pulau-pulau kecil terluar di Indonesia. hal. 1 1.2 Tujuan Buku ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk memberikan informasi gambaran umum 92 pulau-pulau kecil terluar di Indonesia dengan memanfaatkan data citra satelit penginderaan jauh. Informasi disusun dalam bentuk Peta Citra Satelit (PCS). 1.3 Sasaran Pengguna Buku Informasi Citra Satelit 92 Pulau-pulau Kecil Terluar Indonesia ini disusun untuk sasaran pengguna utama yaitu BNPP, KKP, Kemendagri dan Wantannas . Namun demikian, tidak menutup kemungkinan buku ini dapat dimanfaatkan oleh kalangan lain baik dari unsur Pemerintah, Pemerintah Daerah, akademisi, swasta dan masyarakat umum sejauh dapat memberikan manfaat. hal. 2 BAB II METODOLOGI 2.1 Data Data yang dipergunakan dalam penyusunan buku ini yaitu citra satelit Landsat 8, SPOT, Worldview, Pleiades, dan GeoEye. Citra dipilih tanggal perekaman terbaru dengan tutupan awan cukup rendah untuk pulau-pulau kecil terluar yang dipantau. Berikut ini adalah rincian
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