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UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Making and Breaking
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Making and Breaking Stereotypes: East Asian International Students’ Experiences with Cross- Cultural/Racial Interactions A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Education by Zachary Stephen Ritter 2013 © Copyright by Zachary Stephen Ritter 2013 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Making and Breaking Stereotypes: East Asian International Students’ Experiences with Cross- Cultural/Racial Interactions by Zachary Stephen Ritter Doctor of Philosophy in Education University of California, Los Angeles, 2013 Professor Richard Wagoner, Chair In response to recent budget cuts and declining revenue streams, American colleges and universities are admitting larger numbers of international students. These students add a great deal of cultural and intellectual diversity to college campuses, but they also bring racial stereotypes that can affect cross-racial interaction as well as campus climate. Forty-seven interviews with Chinese, Japanese, and Korean graduate and undergraduate international students were conducted at the University of California, Los Angeles, regarding these students’ racial stereotypes and how contact with diverse others challenged or reinforced these stereotypes over time. Results indicated that a majority of students had racial hierarchies, which affected with whom they roomed, befriended, and dated. American media images and a lack of cross-cultural/racial interaction in home countries led to negative views toward African-Americans and Latinos. Positive cross- racial interactions, diversity courses, and living on-campus did change negative stereotypes; however, a lack of opportunities to interact with racial out-groups, international and domestic student balkanization, and language issues led to stereotype ossification in some cases. This research shows that there is a need for policy and programmatic changes at the college level that promote international and domestic student interaction. -
Japanese Business Concepts You Should Know
1 Japanese Business Concepts You Should Know Edited by Parissa Haghirian Sophia University Tokyo, Japan 2 Contents About this Book ......................................................................................... 4 The Editor ................................................................................................ 5 Japanese Business Concepts You Should Know ................................................. 6 Contributors of This Book ............................................................................ 94 Bibliography ............................................................................................ 96 Further Reading on Japanese Management .................................................... 102 3 About this Book This book is the result of one of my “Management in Japan” classes held at the Faculty of Liberal Arts at Sophia University in Tokyo. Students wrote this dictionary entries, I edited and updated them. The document is now available as a free e-book at my homepage www.haghirian.com. We hope that this book improves understanding of Japanese management and serves as inspiration for anyone interested in the subject. Questions and comments can be sent to [email protected]. Please inform the editor if you plan to quote parts of the book. Japanese Business Concepts You Should Know Edited by Parissa Haghirian First edition, Tokyo, October 2019 4 The Editor Parissa Haghirian is Professor of International Management at Sophia University in Tokyo. She lives and works in Japan since 2004 -
Enterprise Report Restoring Liberty, Opportunity, and Enterprise in America
Issue No. 1, Winter 2016 Enterprise Report Restoring Liberty, Opportunity, and Enterprise in America Security and Free Enterprise at Home and Abroad By AEI President Arthur Brooks AEI Chairman Tully Friedman, my colleagues Michael Auslin and Daniel Blumenthal, and I recently returned from a trip to Singapore and Tokyo. We met with a variety of government and business leaders and exchanged ideas about free enterprise, entrepreneurship, and security. We also had the honor of meeting with the prime minister of Singapore and the prime minister of Japan. Japan is not only one of America’s most important allies but also the oldest democracy in Asia. It plays a pivotal role in maintaining stability in the region, particularly in the face of Chinese aggrandizement. Japan’s security is of prime importance to the United States, and American leadership in the region is crucial. Regrettably, despite an increasingly brazen China and a volatile North Korea, we are not hearing much from today’s presidential candidates about how to maintain regional stability. A major new AEI report tackles these issues head-on, along with a revanchist Russia and the ruthless Islamic State. Titled Why American Leader- ship Still Matters and developed through a bipartisan effort led by former Sens. Jon Kyl and Joseph Lieberman, the report explains why the world needs more—not less—leadership from the United States. See page 3 for more on this report. While in Singapore, I had the opportunity to speak with students at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy. I focused on the message that capitalism is the best way to help the poorest among us. -
Rebalancing to the Asia–Pacific Region and Implications for U.S
i [H.A.S.C. No. 113–49] REBALANCING TO THE ASIA–PACIFIC REGION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED THIRTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION HEARING HELD JULY 24, 2013 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 82–464 WASHINGTON : 2014 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, http://bookstore.gpo.gov. For more information, contact the GPO Customer Contact Center, U.S. Government Printing Office. Phone 202–512–1800, or 866–512–1800 (toll-free). E-mail, [email protected]. COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES ONE HUNDRED THIRTEENTH CONGRESS HOWARD P. ‘‘BUCK’’ MCKEON, California, Chairman MAC THORNBERRY, Texas ADAM SMITH, Washington WALTER B. JONES, North Carolina LORETTA SANCHEZ, California J. RANDY FORBES, Virginia MIKE MCINTYRE, North Carolina JEFF MILLER, Florida ROBERT A. BRADY, Pennsylvania JOE WILSON, South Carolina ROBERT E. ANDREWS, New Jersey FRANK A. LOBIONDO, New Jersey SUSAN A. DAVIS, California ROB BISHOP, Utah JAMES R. LANGEVIN, Rhode Island MICHAEL R. TURNER, Ohio RICK LARSEN, Washington JOHN KLINE, Minnesota JIM COOPER, Tennessee MIKE ROGERS, Alabama MADELEINE Z. BORDALLO, Guam TRENT FRANKS, Arizona JOE COURTNEY, Connecticut BILL SHUSTER, Pennsylvania DAVID LOEBSACK, Iowa K. MICHAEL CONAWAY, Texas NIKI TSONGAS, Massachusetts DOUG LAMBORN, Colorado JOHN GARAMENDI, California ROBERT J. WITTMAN, Virginia HENRY C. ‘‘HANK’’ JOHNSON, JR., Georgia DUNCAN HUNTER, California COLLEEN W. HANABUSA, Hawaii JOHN FLEMING, Louisiana JACKIE SPEIER, California MIKE COFFMAN, Colorado RON BARBER, Arizona E. SCOTT RIGELL, Virginia ANDRE´ CARSON, Indiana CHRISTOPHER P. GIBSON, New York CAROL SHEA-PORTER, New Hampshire VICKY HARTZLER, Missouri DANIEL B. MAFFEI, New York JOSEPH J. -
An Introduction to Japanese Society's Attitudes Toward Race and Skin Color
Chapter 4 An Introduction to Japanese Society’s Attitudes Toward Race and Skin Color Debito Arudou Introduction Japan, no doubt like any country or society, places cultural value on skin color and melanin content. In Japan’s case, historically and traditionally, pale, unblemished white skin is held in high regard. For example, in classical Japanese ukiyo-e and woodblock prints, Japan’s upper classes and historical figures are generally rendered with very pale skin, while Japanese women, seen mostly indoors, are generally rendered whiter than men. To the present day, Japan’s traditional entertainers (from Kabuki actors to geisha) whiten their skin cosmetically, and its heroes (as seen, e.g., in Japan’s Neputa Festival (JNTO 2011) in Aomori Prefecture) are depicted as light-skinned Japanese battling hairy, swarthy barbarians. In modern Japanese adult society, skin coloring and care is de rigueur for women and sometimes even men (Ashikari 2005). Despite being the tenth most populous nation in the world, Japan’s cosmetics market is the world’s second largest, with an annual turnover of 990 billion yen in 2009 (Austrade 2010), selling products to both lighten and darken skin. Notwithstanding Japan’s fascination with African American culture, most related products, such as UV-blocking makeup foundation, sunscreen, visors, and parasols, help to keep skin light; darker tones due to sun exposure are often negatively associated with aging skin or outdoor manual labor (Ashikari ibid). Further, in a society where most members see themselves as similarly dark-haired and dark-eyed, distinctions are made in Japanese media by darkening skin tones and lightening or coloring hair. -
Creating a Cool Japan: Nationalism in 21St Century Japanese Animation and Manga
Creating a Cool Japan: Nationalism in 21st Century Japanese Animation and Manga Majesty Kayla Zander Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Prerequisite for Honors in Japanese Language and Culture under the advisement of Robert Goree May 2021 © 2021 Majesty Zander 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents ...........................................................................................................................1 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................2 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................3 Chapter 1: Cool Japan...................................................................................................................8 Cool Japan and Nationalism ..................................................................................................................... 8 Cool Japan and Anime ............................................................................................................................ 16 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................................. 19 Chapter 2: Clean Japan ..............................................................................................................22 Clean Japan and Nihonjinron ................................................................................................................. -
Japan's Under-Researched Visible Minorities: Applying Critical Race
Washington University Global Studies Law Review Volume 14 Issue 4 Global Perspectives on Colorism (Symposium Edition) 2015 Japan’s Under-Researched Visible Minorities: Applying Critical Race Theory to Racialization Dynamics in a Non-White Society Debito Arudou Hawaii Pacific University Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies Part of the Japanese Studies Commons, Law Commons, and the Race and Ethnicity Commons Recommended Citation Debito Arudou, Japan’s Under-Researched Visible Minorities: Applying Critical Race Theory to Racialization Dynamics in a Non-White Society, 14 WASH. U. GLOBAL STUD. L. REV. 695 (2015), https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies/vol14/iss4/13 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Global Studies Law Review by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JAPAN’S UNDER-RESEARCHED VISIBLE MINORITIES: APPLYING CRITICAL RACE THEORY TO RACIALIZATION DYNAMICS IN A NON-WHITE SOCIETY DR. DEBITO ARUDOU ABSTRACT Critical Race Theory (CRT), an analytical framework grounded in American legal academia, uncovers power relationships between a racialized enfranchised majority and a disenfranchised minority. Although applied primarily to countries and societies with Caucasian majorities to analyze White Privilege this Article applies CRT to Japan, a non-White majority society. After discussing how scholarship on Japan has hitherto ignored a fundamental factor within racialization studies—the effects of skin color on the concept of “Japaneseness”—this Article examines an example of published research on the Post-WWII “konketsuji problem.”1 This research finds blind spots in the analysis, and re-examines it through CRT to uncover more nuanced power dynamics. -
Asian Extreme As Cult Cinema: the Transnational Appeal of Excess and Otherness Jessica Anne Hughes BA English and Film Studies
Asian Extreme as Cult Cinema: The Transnational Appeal of Excess and Otherness Jessica Anne Hughes BA English and Film Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University MA Film Studies, University of British Columbia A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2016 School of Communications and Arts Hughes 2 Abstract This thesis investigates the way Western audiences respond to portrayals of excess and otherness in Japanese Extreme cinema. It explores the way a recent (2006-2016) cycle of Japanese Splatter (J-Splatter) films, including The Machine Girl (Noboru Iguchi, 2008) and Tokyo Gore Police (Yoshihiro Nishimura, 2008), have been positioned as cult due to their over-the-top representations of violence and stereotypes of Japanese culture. Phenomenological research and personal interviews interrogate Western encounters with J-Splatter films at niche film festivals and on DVD and various online platforms through independent distributors. I argue that these films are marketed to particular Western cult audiences using vocabulary and images that highlight the exotic nature of globally recognised Japanese cultural symbols such as schoolgirls and geisha. This thesis analyses J-Splatter’s transnational, cosmopolitan appeal using an approach informed by the work of Ernest Mathijs and Jamie Sexton, Matt Hills, Henry Jenkins, and Iain Robert Smith, who read the relationship between Western audiences and international cult cinema as positive and meaningful cultural interactions, demonstrating a desire to engage in more global experiences. The chapters in this thesis use textual analysis of J-Splatter films and case studies of North American and Australian film festivals and distribution companies, which include interviews with festival directors and distributors, to analyse the nature of the appeal of J- Splatter to Western audiences. -
Face Value: Cosmetics and Japanese Performances of Ethnicity
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2000 Face value: Cosmetics and Japanese performances of ethnicity Bonnie Schenk Darrington The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Schenk Darrington, Bonnie, "Face value: Cosmetics and Japanese performances of ethnicity" (2000). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 7995. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7995 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY Tlie University of iV IO N X A iV A Permission is granted by the author to reproduce this material in its entirety, provided that this material is used for scholar!}' purposes and is properly cited in published works and reports. * * Please check "Yes” or "No" and provide signaiure Yes, I grant permission No, I do not grant permission \ I Author’s Signature-A^YTTTrfY; V lp ’f 1 'V Date Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author's explicit consent. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Face Value C osm etics and Japanese Performances of Ethnicity by Bonnie Schenk Darrington Bachelor of Arts Utah State University 1998 presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of M aster of Arts The University of Montana 2000 Approved by: G.G. -
The Log of the White Wog: a Diary of Voices
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016 University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 1987 The log of the white wog: a diary of voices Jack Ho University of Wollongong Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong. Recommended Citation Ho, Jack, The log of the white wog: a diary of voices, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, , University of Wollongong, 1987. https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/2117 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. -
Iaj 10-1 (2019)
Vol. 10 No. 1 2019 Arthur D. Simons Center for Interagency Cooperation, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas FEATURES | 1 About The Simons Center The Arthur D. Simons Center for Interagency Cooperation is a major program of the Command and General Staff College Foundation, Inc. The Simons Center is committed to the development of military leaders with interagency operational skills and an interagency body of knowledge that facilitates broader and more effective cooperation and policy implementation. About the CGSC Foundation The Command and General Staff College Foundation, Inc., was established on December 28, 2005 as a tax-exempt, non-profit educational foundation that provides resources and support to the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College in the development of tomorrow’s military leaders. The CGSC Foundation helps to advance the profession of military art and science by promoting the welfare and enhancing the prestigious educational programs of the CGSC. The CGSC Foundation supports the College’s many areas of focus by providing financial and research support for major programs such as the Simons Center, symposia, conferences, and lectures, as well as funding and organizing community outreach activities that help connect the American public to their Army. All Simons Center works are published by the “CGSC Foundation Press.” The CGSC Foundation is an equal opportunity provider. InterAgency Journal Vol. 10, No. 1 (2019) FEATURES Arthur D. Simons Center 3 Japan’s Security Strategy and for Interagency Cooperation Its Impact on U.S. National Security Interests The Lewis and Clark Center Sung K. Hyong and David A. Anderson 100 Stimson Ave., Suite 1149 Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 66027 Ph: 913-682-7244 • Fax: 913-682-7247 Email: [email protected] 34 Employing Maritime Security Response Teams www.TheSimonsCenter.org as the Nation’s Maritime Crisis Response Force Christjan C. -
The Vital Role of Government-Collected Data
ECONOMIC FACTS | MARCH 2017 “In Order That They Might Rest Their Arguments on Facts”: The Vital Role of Government-Collected Data Nicholas Eberstadt, Ryan Nunn, Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach, and Michael R. Strain WWW.HAMILTONPROJECT.ORG WWW.AEI.ORG ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors are grateful to numerous authors’ conference participants as well as Lauren Bauer, Sandra Black, David Dreyer, Joy Fox, Kriston McIntosh, and David Wessel for insightful comments. They are particularly grateful to Megan Mumford for her contributions throughout the paper. The authors are also grateful to Audrey Breitwieser, Wendy Morrison, Gregory Nantz, and William Pratt for excellent research assistance. THE HAMILTON PROJECT MISSION STATEMENT AEI MISSION STATEMENT The Hamilton Project seeks to advance America’s promise of The American Enterprise Institute is a public policy research opportunity, prosperity, and growth. The Project’s economic institute dedicated to defending human dignity, expanding strategy reflects a judgment that long-term prosperity is best human potential, and building a freer and safer world. The achieved by fostering economic growth and broad participation work of our scholars and staff advances ideas rooted in our in that growth, by enhancing individual economic security, belief in democracy, free enterprise, American strength and and by embracing a role for effective government in making global leadership, solidarity with those at the periphery of needed public investments. We believe that today’s increasingly our society, and a pluralistic, entrepreneurial culture. We are competitive global economy requires public policy ideas committed to making the intellectual, moral, and practical commensurate with the challenges of the 21st century. Our case for expanding freedom, increasing individual opportunity, strategy calls for combining increased public investments in key and strengthening the free enterprise system in America and growth-enhancing areas, a secure social safety net, and fiscal around the world.