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Redalyc.Middle Oxfordian Ammonite Biostratigraphy of the Lower Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas ISSN: 1026-8774 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Olóriz, Federico; Villaseñor, Ana B.; López-Palomino, Isabel Middle Oxfordian ammonite biostratigraphy of the Lower Santiago Formation at Tamán, San Luis Potosí, Mexico — with notes on Mexico-Caribbean ochetoceratins Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, vol. 25, núm. 2, 2008, pp. 261-283 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Querétaro, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=57230346006 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas,Ammonite v. 25, núm. biostratigraphy 2, 2008, p. 261-283 of the Santiago Formation 261 Middle Oxfordian ammonite biostratigraphy of the Lower Santiago Formation at Tamán, San Luis Potosí, Mexico — with notes on Mexico-Caribbean ochetoceratins Federico Olóriz1, Ana B. Villaseñor2,*, and Isabel López-Palomino3 1 Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Fuente Nueva s/n, 18002 Granada, Spain. 2 Departamento de Paleontología, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México Distrito Federal, Mexico. 3 Servicio Geológico Mexicano, Av. Felipe Angeles Km. 93.50-4, Col. Venta Prieta, 42080 Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. * [email protected] ABSTRACT Bed-by-bed sampling of ammonites from clayey to calcareous siltstones of the basal part of the Santiago Formation at the type section in Tamán, San Luis Potosí (Mexico) is fi rst reported. Ammonites belonging to assemblages described by Burckhardt (1912), usually interpreted as Middle to Upper Oxfordian, are restricted to the lower Middle Oxfordian Plicatilis Zone, Antecedens Subzone. Perisphinctes (Dichotomosphinctes) durangensis (Burckhardt, 1912) is revised and its biostratigraphic interpretation constrained by its co-occurrence with Gregoryceras. Evidence for the occurrence of Perisphinctes (Perisphinctes), Perisphinctes (Otosphinctes), and Passendorferia or Sequeirosia is fi rst reported from Mexico within a precise biostratigraphic context. Burckhardt’s Oxfordian ochetoceratins are re-examined and their affi nity with Cuban counterparts is approached. From a paleobiogeographical point of view, metapopulation dynamics and potentially involved events (e.g., temporary, ancillary, selective vicariancy and subsequent ecological capture) well apply for understanding the biogeographical signifi cance of the ammonite assemblies described. Key words: ammonites, Oxfordian, Santiago Formation, Tamán, Mexico. RESUMEN Se reporta la fauna de ammonites recolectada estrato a estrato en las limolitas calcáreas de la parte basal de la Formación Santiago en su sección tipo ubicada en Tamán, San Luis Potosí (México). Los ammonites de las asociaciones descritas por Burckhardt (1912), que usualmente se interpretan como Oxfordiano Medio a Superior, se restringen a la parte inferior del Oxfordiano Medio, Zona de Plicatilis, Subzona Antecedens. Se revisa Perisphinctes (Dichotomosphinctes) durangensis (Burckhardt, 1912) y se restringe su interpretación bioestratigráfi ca en función del registro conjunto con Gregoryceras. En un contexto bioestratigráfi co preciso se reporta por primera vez para México la presencia de Perisphinctes (Perisphinctes), Perisphinctes (Otosphinctes), y Passendorferia o Sequeirosia. Se reexaminan los ochetoceratinos oxfordianos estudiados por Burckhardt y se analiza su afi nidad con sus equivalentes Cubanos. Desde un punto de vista paleobiogeográfi co, la dinámica asociada a la estructuración en metapoblaciones y eventos potencialmente relacionados (p. ej. episodios de vicarianza selectiva y retención ecológica posterior) es de utilidad para la comprensión de la relevancia biogeográfi ca de las asociaciones de ammonites descritas. Palabras clave: ammonites, Oxfordiano, Formación Santiago, Tamán, México. 262 Olóriz et al. INTRODUCTION Formations. However, the combination of severe folding and faulting (well exposed along the mountain road to Burckhardt (1912) documented Oxfordian ammonite Chilocuil), together with soil coverage and dense tropi- assemblages from Mexico, but their biochronostratigraphic cal rain-forest, makes precise recognition of a continuous interpretation has been controversial. Other ammonites were succession of beds diffi cult. Thus, Figures 2b and 2c only collected from grayish-brownish calcareous siltstones and show sedimentary packages that represent the lowermost claystones, sandy limestones, and limestones from the La part of the Santiago Formation accessible in the outcrop and Gloria (Imlay, 1939, 1953), Tamán (Imlay, 1952; Erben, containing successive ammonite assemblages. The interpre- 1956a, 1956b, 1956c, 1957), and Santiago Formations tation of these is relevant in evaluating the signifi cance of (Cantú-Chapa, 1969, 1971, 1999; Imlay, 1980). General the covered intervals. We conclude that no major structural information about Oxfordian ammonites from Mexico disturbance affected the section, which is 21.3 m thick and can be found in Burckhardt (1912, 1930), Imlay (1939, made up of dominant brownish claystones and siltstones, the 1943, 1952, 1980), Erben (1956a, 1956b, 1956c, 1957), latter including local calcareous concretions. Bed thickness Cantú-Chapa (1969, 1971, 1984, 1999), Rangin (1977), varies between 20 and 50 cm. Contreras et al. (1988), Callomon (1992), and Myzczynski et al. (1998), but no data from Mexican Oxfordian sections sampled bed-by-bed were reported. SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY The most recent information about Mexican Middle Oxfordian, with precise biostratigraphy, has been provided Macrofossil preservation is generally poor in the by the authors (López-Palomino, 2002; Villaseñor et al., Tamán section, but improved in more calcareous horizons 2002, 2004; López-Palomino et al., 2006) who reported the as compared to clayey-silty ones. The overwhelming record of Gregoryceras, as well as of ammonites with both majority of macrofossils are internal molds and imprints Mediterranean and Cuban affi nity. of incomplete and fragmented ammonites and bivalves. A synoptic view of biostratigraphic interpretations of A total of 100 ammonites were collected but their precise Mexican ammonite assemblages gathered from Oxfordian identifi cation is usually diffi cult due to preservation. Taken deposits is given in Figure 1. into account the material available, and to make easy pale- This paper first report, with precise descriptions, ontological comparisons, we preliminarily applied the usual Mexican records of Perisphinctes (Perisphinctes), interpretation of assumed dimorphic couples as separate Perisphinctes (Otosphinctes), and Passendorferia taxa. The following abbreviations are used throughout this or Sequeirosia, as well as precise comparisons among paper, Dm: diameter; U: umbilicus; Wt: whorl thickness; Burckhardt’s Dichotomosphinctes, together with the re- Wh: whorl height; UR/2 and ER/2: umbilical and external interpretation of P. (Dichotomosphinctes) durangensis ribs per half-a-whorl, respectively; Lg: location of the lateral (Burckhardt) and its precise stratigraphical horizons in groove given as Wh minus the distance from the umbilical the section studied; a preliminary revision of Burckhardt’s edge to the lateral groove, divided by Wh; (x) no lateral ochetoceratins is included. The specimens were collected re- groove developed, (*) approximate values, and (+) for data cently during fi eld surveys in the type section of the Santiago from Burckhardt’s types. Formation, located on the left bank of the Moctezuma River All the material is housed at the National Paleontological close to the village of Tamán, San Luis Potosí. This research Collection in the Museum of the Instituto de Geología (IGM is part of a revision of Upper Jurassic type sections in codes), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Mexico, based on bed-by-bed sampling (Research Program To ammonite descriptions and biostratigraphic inter- by F. Olóriz and A. B.Villaseñor initiated in 1985). pretations follow comments on genus Ochetoceras, which is of special signifi cance, but inconclusively known in the Mexico-Caribbean area. THE STUDIED SECTION Close to the village of Tamán, San Luis Potosí (Figure Superfamily Perisphinctoidea Steinmann in 2a), the section studied herein corresponds to outcrops 57 Steinmann and Doderlein, 1890 to 60 of Reyes (1964) and later selected as the type section Family Perisphinctidae Steinmann in for the Santiago Formation (Cantú-Chapa, 1969). The out- Steinmann and Doderlein, 1890 crop is situated along the left bank of the Moctezuma River Subfamily Perisphinctinae Steinmann in and includes parts of the Santiago, Tamán, and Pimienta Steinmann and Doderlein, 1890 Figure 1. Correlation chart for selected biostratigraphic interpretations of ammonite assemblages from the Oxfordian in Mexico. Di: Dichotomosphinctes, Eu: Euaspidoceras, GE: Gemmellarites, Mh: Metahaploceras, Och: Ochetoceras, Pr: Praeataxioceras. Gray color: no precise biostratigraphic range of ammonite assemblages. Modifi ed from López-Palomino et al. (2006). Ammonite biostratigraphy of the Santiago Formation 263 264 Olóriz et al. Figure 2. a: Location map (* = place of the studied section), and geological sketch modifi ed from Suter (1990); b: Lithological
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