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The Transversarium-Bifurcatus Zone Boundary at Rocha (Peral Area, East-Centralalgarve, Portugal)

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The Transversarium-Bifurcatus Zone Boundary at Rocha (Peral Area, East-Centralalgarve, Portugal) The Transversarium-Bifurcatus Zone boundary at Rocha (Peral area, East-CentralAlgarve, Portugal) B.MARQUES * F. OLORIZ ** F. J. RODRIGUEZ-TOVAR ** P. S. CAETANO * * - Centro Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia da UNL, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Quinta da Torre, P-2825 Monte de Caparica, Portugal ** - Dpto. Estr. Paleont., Fac. Ciencias, Univ. Granada and Inst. And. Geol. Mediterranea (LA.G.M.) 18002 Granada, Spain pp. 109-125 Ciencias da Terra (UNL) Lisboa NQll 1992 3 figs., 2 pI. zones Bifurcatus/Bimammatum a ete reconnue une autre discontinuite, correspondanta celledu type II quisepareles RESUMO cycles 4.3-4.4 de HAQ et al. (1987); cette discontinuite avait deja ete individualisee sur la marge sud de I'Iberie. Palavras-chave: Amonites - Macroinvertebrados Dans I' intervalle entre la partie superieure de la zone bentonicas - Biostratigrafia - Ecostratigrafia ­ a Transversarium et la partie inferieure de la zone a Descontinuidades-s--Jurdssico superior-Oxfordiano-:-­ Bimammatum,l'analysedel'evolutionecostratigraphique, Algarve- Sui de Portugal. faite a partir des spectres de la faune, a montre que dans I'ensemble des cephalopodes, les ammonites sont les Este trabalho representa 0 primeiro estudo organismesles plus tolerantsau stressecologique,provoque, pormenorizado do limite das Zonas de Transversarium­ soitparla diminution del'ecospace, soitpardes arrivees de Bifurcatus no Algarve. Este limite esta associado, na area materiel terrigene; dans ces conditions, la faune benthique do Peral, a uma descontinuidade estratigrafica cujo hiato diminue considerablernent. Dans l'ensemble de la faune afecta, parcialmente, as Zonas de Transversarium e de recoltce on signale la presence, relativement abondante et Bifurcatus. Uma outra descontinuidade foi reconhecida no diversifice, desDichotomoceras,auparavantpascommuns. limite das Zonas de Bifurcatus-Bimarnrnatum que, nesta area, coincide com a descontinuidade doTipo II que separa osciclos4.3-4.4 de HAQet al. (1987);esta descontinuidade tinha ja sido individualizada na paleomargem do suI da ABSTRACT Iberia. Uma analise da evolucao ecostratigrafica feita no Key-words: Ammonites-Benthic macroinvertebrates­ intervalo entre a parte superiorda Zona de Transversarium Biostratigraphy - Ecostratigraphy, Discontinuities ­ e a parte inferior da Zona de Bimammatum com base nos Upper I urassic - Oxfordian - Algarve - South Portu­ espectros de fauna obtidos revela que as amonites sao os gal. cefalopodes mais tolerantes ao stress ecologico causado pelo aumento dos acarreios de material e pela dirninuicao This paper represents the first detailed study of the do ecoespaco da plataforma. A fauna ben tonica diminuiu Transversarium-Bifurcatus Zone boundary in the Algarve. consideravelmente nestas condicoes. Ede notar uma fauna The boundary studied in the Peral area is associated with a relativamenteabundantee diversificada deDichotomoceras stratigraphic discontinuity, whose hiatus partially affects entre as amonites recolhidas, ja que este genero era, theTransversarium-Bifurcatus Zones. A discontinuity was anteriormente, raro no Algarve. also recognized in the Bifurcatus-Birnammatum Zone boundary, which can be correlated with the traces ofa Type II unconformity, which separates cycles 4.3 - 4.4 in HAQ RESUME et al. (1987), present on the South Iberian palaeomargin. An analysis was made of the ecostratigraphic evolu­ Mots-des: Ammonites - Organismes benthiques ­ tion in the interval between the uppermostTransversarium Biostratigraphie- Ecostratigraphic- Discontinuites-:-: Zone and the lower part of the Bimammatum Zone on the lurassique superieur - Oxfordien - Algarve - Sud du basis of the faunal spectra obtained. We conclude that Portugal. ammonites are the most tolerant cephalopods to the eco­ logical stress caused by the increase of inflows and the Cette note presente les premieres donnees dctaillccs decrease of the shelf's ecospace. Benthic fauna decreased sur la limite des zones Transversarium/Bifurcatus en Al­ considerably in theseconditions. A relativelyabundantand garve. Dans la region de Peral, cctte limite est associee a diversified fauna ofDichotomocerasis noteworthy among unediscontinuitesedimentairequi affectepartiellementles the ammonites collected, as this genus waspreviously little zones a Transversarium et a Bifurcatus, A la limite des known in the Algarve. HI INTRODUCTION bonate-terrrigenous platform can be recognized on land in relationto the generaloutcroppingofhercynian During the Jurassic the South West margin materials of the Iberian Meseta, whereas high car­ oftheIberiansubplate was subjected to the Mediter­ bonate bottoms limited the platform to West and ranean Tethys. This region was occupied by an South (off-shore data summarized in MARQUES & epicontinental sea during the Upper Jurassic. At OLORIZ, 1989a). In the deeper areas the sediments present the outcrops on land allow us to recognize were marls and more or less clayey limestones, in two platform systems (Fig. 1): a carbonate platform which cephalopods were frequent (studied by system in the westernpartofthe Algarve (area West MARQUES, 1983) as too were benthic organisms of Lagoa belonging to the Southern Sector of the (especially brachiopods, bivalves and gastropods). Algarve, cf. MARQUES & OLORIZ, 1989a) and a On the high bottoms buildups were frequent, set on carbonate-terrigenous platform system towards the raised blocks linked to fractures and folds probably easternpart(areabetweenLagoa and Tavirabelong­ related to halokinetic activity (MANUPPELLA & ing to the Northern sector of the Algarve, cf. al.,1988). Duringthe UpperJurassicthese reefal and MARQUES & OLORIZ, 1989a). The block struc­ parareefal facies developed more orless discontinu­ turing ofthe Algarve during the Upper Jurassic can ously from the Oxfordian on (MARQUES, 1983). also be recognized, the main features ofwhich were The carbonate-terrigenous platform system was re­ caused by the activity of deep, generally inherited placed by more or less clastic, basically carbonate fractures. The carbonate-terrigenous platform sys­ sedimentation during the Upper Kimmeridgian (s. tem coincided with a large depressed region of gallico) and was in part close to emersion during the Tethyan orientation. The northern limits ofthe car- Upper Tithonian and Berriassian. Vale Burra o 10Km i..-.---J [) Fig. 1-Location and geological sketch for exposed outcrops in the Algarve. Paleozoic in vertical broken lines; black for the Triassic "Gres de Silves"; horizontal ruling for carbonate platform system; Eastern Algarve Basin in crossed framework; stippled for Cretaceous; Cenozoic in white. 113 OXFORDIAN STAGE MIDDLE SUBSTAGE TRANSVERSARIUM ZONE LEVEL LITHOLOGY o 1 m ~ AMMONOIDES Phyfloceras sp. Holcophyfloceras sp, H. mediterraneum (NEUM.) Lytoceras neumayrei Lissoceratoides erato (d'ORB.) 50werbyceras tortisulcatum (d'ORB.) Glochiceras sp. G. (G.) subclasum (OPPEL) Ochetoceras canaliculatum (BUCH.) O. hispidum (OPPEL) O. marantianum(d'ORB.) Campylites (Neoprionoceras) sp. Campylites (Neoprionoceras) lautlingensis (ROLL.) Trimarginites sp. T. arolicum (Oppa) T. stenorhynchum (OPPEL) T. trimarginatus (Oppa) Taramelliceras. sp. T. (T.) costatum (QUENST.) T. (T.) costatum (QUENST.) laterinodosum CORV. T. (T.) pichleri.(OPPEL) T. (T.) argoviense (JEAN.) T. (T.) callicerum (OPPEL) T. (Metahaploceras) kobyi(CHOFFAn T. (M.) pseuoowenzeli (WEG.) T. (5trebliticeras) externodosum (DORN.) Passendorferia sp. P. (Perisphinctes) sp. P. (Otosphinctes) nov. sp. A (MARQUES) . P. (Oichotomosphinctes) rotoides ROCH P. (D.) dobrogensis (SIEM.) P. (D.) wartae (BUKOW.) P. (D.) elisabethae de RIAZ P. (D.) luciae de RiAl P. (D.) luciaeformis ENAY P. (Oichotomoceras) sp. P. (D.) bifurcatus (QUENST.) P. (D.) bifurcatoides (ENAY) P. (D.) aft. aassus (ENAY) P.(O.)s~nocydmdesRONCHADZE Mirosphinctes bukowskii CHOFFAT Microbiplices sp. 5ubdiscosphinctes (5.) aenas (GEMM.) 5. (5.) mindowe (SJEM.) 5. (5.) ludngae (FAVRE) 5. (5.) gr. rhodanicuslcastroi Orthosphinctes sp. O. (0.) aft. delgadoi(CHOFFAn O. (Praeataxioceras) virgulatus (QUENST.) O. (Ardescia) sp. O. (Pseudorthosphinctes) sp. Euaspidoceras sp. E (E) paucituberculatum ARKELL E costatum (DORN.) E oegir(Oppa) E (E) perarmatum (SOW.) E (Neaspidoceras) sp, Gregoryceras'riazi (GROSS.) G. (G.) gr. transversarium (QUENST.) G. aft. fouquei (KILLIAN) Present ~4 Probably Present _1 ITIJ] 2 EEEE 3 Faunal Mixture Fig. 2 - The studied section with vertical distribution of ammonite species. I - Marls; 2 - Limestones; 3 - Bioclastic limestones; 4 - Sponge buildups; 5 - Discontinuities. 114 During the Middle and Upper Oxfordian, stratigraphic gap should be related with"phenomenes successions of marls and clayey limestones with erosives en phased'hautniveau eustatique". Accord­ occasional small developments of buildups (Peral ing to these authors this discontinuity is a case of Fm., MARQUEs, 1983) were predominantly in the tectonics-eustasy interaction. deeper areas of the carbonate-terrigenous platform The recent opening of quarries in the system (traditionally known as the Eastern Algarve bioconstructed facies with Spongiaria in the areas of Basin). Theonlyimportantbuildupwas that ofNossa Barracha and Rocha has created favourable condi­ Senhorada Rocha, which developed in the upperpart tions for the analysis ofthe materials belongingto the of the Upper Oxfordian (the base is assigned to the transition between the Transversarium Zone and the Bimammatum orPlanula Zones, cf. MARQUES, 1983). BifurcatusZone.Thisstudy contributes to ourknowl­ Apartfrom the limestone-marl
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