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Stuttgarter Beiträge Zur Naturkunde ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Stuttgarter Beiträge Naturkunde Serie B [Paläontologie] Jahr/Year: 1997 Band/Volume: 247_B Autor(en)/Author(s): Schweigert Günter, Callomon John H. Artikel/Article: Der banhini-Faunenhonzont und seine Bedeutung für die Korrelation zwischen tethyalem und subborealem Oberjura 1-69 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) Herausgeber: Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Rosenstein 1, D-70191 Stuttgart Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. Ser. B Nr. 247 69 S., ZTaf, 10 Abb. Stuttgart, 31. 07. 1997 Der banhini-Faunenhonzont und seine Bedeutung für die Korrelation zwischen tethyalem und subborealem Oberjura The bauhini faunal horizon and its correlation value in the Tethyan and Subboreal Late Jurassic Von Günter Seh weigert, Stuttgart, und John H. C a 1 1 o m o n, London Mit 7 Tafeln und 10 Abbildungen Abstract The ammonite fauna of the so-called „bauhini horizon" is described in detail. The material comes from the Upper Danube valley and from the Lochen area (SW Germany). The bauhini horizon marks the youngest horizon of the Hauffianum Subzone (Late Oxfordian) of the Te- thyan chronozonation. The comparison of amoeboceratids permits a correlation of this hori- zon with the base of the Subboreal Kimmeridgian (Baylei Zone, densicostata horizon). Hence the bauhini horizon is demonstrated to be one of the most important levels for correlations. Three new ammonite species are described from the bauhini horizon: Metahaploceras muehl- heimense n. sp., Physodoceras wulfbachense n. sp., and Pictonia praeperisphinctoides n. sp. A brief survey is given of the ammonite faunal horizons below and above the bauhini horizon. Zusammenfassung Die Ammonitenfauna des bauhini-Honzonts wird anhand von Material aus dem Gebiet der Oberen Donau und dem Lochengebiet ausführlich beschrieben. Der bauhini-F&unenho- rizont stellt den bislang jüngsten Faunenhorizont der Hauffianum-Subzone des tethyalen Ober-Oxfordiums dar Der Vergleich der Amoeboceraten ermöglicht eine Korrelation des bauhim-Honzonts mit dem subborealen basalen Kimmeridgium (Baylei-Zone, densicostata- Horizont). Der bauhini-Honzoni stellt deswegen einen der wichtigsten Anknüpfungspunkte für Korrelationen dar. Aus dem bauhini-Honzont werden drei neue Ammonitcnarten be- schrieben: Metahaploceras muehlheimense n. sp., Physodoceras wulfbachense n. sp. und Picto- nia praeperisphinctoides n. sp. Über die Ammoniten-Faunenhorizonte im Liegenden und Hangenden des bauhmi-Honzonls wird eine kurze Übersicht gegeben. © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at 2 STUTTGARTER BEITRÄGE ZUR NATURKUNDE Ser. B, Nr. 247 Inhalt 1. Einleitung 2 2. Die Ammonitenfauna des bauhini-Honzonts der Hauffianum-Subzone 4 3. Zur Verbreitung des hanhim-Hor'\zoms in Süddeutschland 26 3.1. Die TypuslokaVit'it Yon Amoehoceras hauhini 26 3.2. Das Profil vom Plettenberg 27 3.3. Weitere Profile im Lochengebiet 30 3.4. Profile in der Region um Mühlheim/Donau 31 3.5. Weitere Profile der Schwäbischen Alb 33 3.6. Profile der Fränkischen Alb 34 4. Faunenhorizonte mit Amoeboceraten im Liegenden des hauhmi-Honzonts 35 5. Faunenhorizonte im Hangenden des bauhini-Honzonts 37 6. Die Oxfordium/Kimmeridgium-Grenze in Großbritannien 38 6. L Die klassischen Grenzprofile 38 6.2. Das Profil von South Ferriby 41 7. Beziehungen zwischen subborealen Pictonien und pictoniiden Ammoniten Südwestdeutschlands 44 8. Zur Korrelation des bauhini-Wonzonts im tethyalen Oberjura 47 9. Literatur 50 Tafeln 56 1. Einleitung Seit dem Luxemburger Jurakolloquium im Jahre 1962 wurde die Basis des Kim- meridgiums im tethyalen Raum und den daran angrenzenden submediterranen Ge- bieten mit der Basis der Platynota-Zone gezogen. Es ist aus heutiger Sicht nicht mehr leicht zu erkennen, was genau damals den Ausschlag für eine derartige Praxis gegeben hatte. Die damals erschienene Monographie der Perisphinctidenfauna des „Unterkimmeridgiums" von Geyer (1961) mag dabei eine gewisse Rolle gespielt ha- ben, doch vermißt man darin jegliche Begründung oder Diskussion, weswegen mit der Platynota-Zone das Kimmeridgium beginnen solle. Schon Arkell (1946, Tab. 2; 1956, Tab. 9-10) hatte zwar eine Grenzziehung nicht explizit vorgenommen, vermu- tete aber aufgrund der ihm damals verfügbaren Literaturangaben (Wegele 1929; Die- terich 1940) eine Korrelation der englischen Kimmeridgium-Basis mit der Unter- grenze der Galar-Subzone. Wenngleich bis heute noch kein offizielles Typusprofil der Oxfordium/Kimmeridgium-Grenze definiert wurde, war man sich doch bei al- len angestellten Betrachtungen seit Salfeed (1914) darüber einig, daß die Basis des britischen Kimmeridge Clays als untere Begrenzung des Kimmeridgiums zu gelten habe. Nach dem subborealen Zonenschema in Großbritannien entspricht diese Un- tergrenze dem Beginn der Baylei-Zone. Die basale Baylei-Zone ist durch das Auf- treten der Ammonitenarten Pictonia densicostata (Salfeed ms) Buckman und Amoe- boceras bauhini (Oppel) gekennzeichnet (Birkelund & Caleomon 1985). Etwa ab Ende der 70er Jahre wurde die scheinbar längst geklärte Frage nach der Basis des Kimmeridgiums im mediterranen und submediterranen Jura erneut aufge- worfen (u. a. Sykes & Caleomon 1979). In den letzten Jahren verdichteten sich die In- dizien dafür immer massiver, daß die Basis der Platynota-Zone deutlich jünger ist als die englische Kimmeridgium-Basis. Auch von Seiten der Dinoflagellaten-Biostrati- graphie ergaben sich verschiedentlich auffällige, zunächst nur schwer deutbare Dis- krepanzen zwischen tethyalen und subborealen/borealen Profilen (Brenner 1988; WiERZBOwsKi & Arhus 1993). Eine Korrelation zwischen dem englischen Jura und den gut untersuchten submediterranen Profilen in Südostfrankreich (Ardeche) ist je- © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at SCHWEIGERT & CAl.I.OMON, ß/lt////A//-FAUNENHORlZONT 3 doch nicht auf direktem Wege mögHch, da in England außer den dominierenden Amoeboceraten fast ausschHeßHch subboreale Perisphinctiden (Ringsteadia [M], Pictonia [M], Microbiplices [m], Prorasenia [m]) vorkommen, während diese in Süd- ostfrankreich in den meisten Horizonten wiederum vöUig fehlen. Eine Korrelation ist somit nur in Gebieten möglich, wo gleichzeitig sowohl die tethyalen als auch die subborealen Faunenelemente vorhanden sind. Versuche einer Korrelation wurden deswegen im polnischen Jura, in der Schweiz und in Südost- frankreich vorgenommen (Matyja & Wii rzbowski 1988; Atrops et al. 1993), ohne daß es dabei zu einer eindeutigen Klärung kam. Die Lösung des Korrelationsproblems ist indessen im Schwäbischen Jura zu suchen, wo nicht nur durch die Mischung sub- mediterraner und subborealer Faunenelemente im allgemeinen eine recht große Di- versität herrscht, sondern wo auch zahlreiche wichtige Ammonitenarten aufgestellt worden sind, darunter auch einige für die Oxfordium/Kimmeridgium-Grenzpro- blematik wichtige Arten aus der Gattung Amoeboceras. In vielen Fällen war jedoch deren Fundhorizont zum Zeitpunkt der Beschreibung unbekannt oder geriet im Laufe der Zeit wieder in Vergessenheit. Der für die Problematik der Korrelation wohl entscheidende Faunenhorizont, aus dem eine ganze Anzahl OppiiLscher und QuENSTEDTScher Arten herstammen, ist der kürzlich eingeführte „bauhini-Won- zont" (ScHWEiGERT 1995b). Seine hochdiverse Ammonitenfauna soll im folgenden eingehend dokumentiert, sowie seine stratigraphische Position und überregionale Bedeutung diskutiert werden. Abkürzungen im Text. - SMNS = Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, GPIT = Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut der Universität Tübingen, IGPS = Geolo- gisch-Paläontologisches Institut der Universität Stuttgart, BSPM = Bayerische Staatssamm- = lung für Paläontologie und historische Geologie München, JHC J. H. Callomon collection am University College London. D = Durchmesser, Wh = Windungshöhe, Nw = Nabelweite, Wb = Windungsbreite, Ir/2 = Primärrippen pro halbem Umgang, Ar/2 = Sekundärrippen pro halbem Umgang, K/2 = Kno- ten pro halbem Umgang, [m] = mikroconche Ammonitenart, [M] - makroconche Ammo- nitenart. Dank Für den enormen Einsatz beim horizontierten Bergen wichtigen Fossilmaterials und des- sen anschließender Präparation danken wir Herrn Achim Lehmkuhl (Stuttgart). Zusätzliches horizontiertes Ammonitenmaterial verdanken wir den Mitgliedern einer Kirchheimer Höhlenforschergruppe (C. Bechert, C. Bock, S. Geiger, H. Jantschke, A. Kücha, M. Wisshak) sowie den Herren Dr. F. und H. Martin (Kronach). Herrn Dr A. Liebau (Institut und Mu- seum für Geologie und Paläontologie, Tübingen) und Dr. G. Schairer (Bayerische Staats- sammlung für Paläontologie und Historische Geologie, München) ermöglichten die Einsicht in Sammlungsmaterial und die Ausleihe wichtiger Einzelstücke. Für anregende Diskussionen und Informationen über Profile und Fossilmaterial im Gebiet der Oberen Donau und den Lochenbergen danken wir weiterhin den Herren K. Ebel (Markdorf), R. Hugger (Alb- stadt-Onstmettingen), A. Scherzinger (Immendingen-Hattingen) sowie ganz besonders Herrn Dr. W Riegraf (Münster). Die Erlaubnis zum Betreten des Steinbruchs auf dem Plet- tenberg sowie tatkräftige Unterstützung bei Profilaufnahmen und Fossilaufsammlungen er- hielten wir von den Herren Dr. M.Jäger, F. Lörcher und R. Uttenweiler (Firma Rohrbach Ze- ment, Dotternhausen). © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/;
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