ADSA 2021 Virtual Annual Meeting

Conference Information & Scientific Program

SCIENC Y E ® IR A A S D S

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2021 ADSA Annual Meeting Table of Contents

Welcome Letter ...... 2 General Meeting Information ...... 3 Special Events ...... 5 . . . . . ADSA Award Donors and Corporate Sponsorship ...... 7 . . . . Exhibitors and Sponsors ...... 8. . . . . ADSA 2021 Virtual Annual Meeting ...... 12 . . . . Schedule of Events ...... 14 . . . . . Livestream Schedule ...... 16 . . . . . 2021 Program Committees ...... 18 . . . . Scientific Program Table of Contents ...... 20 . . . . Scientific Sessions ...... 26. . . . . Author Index ...... 120......

https://www.adsa.org/2021/

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 1 Welcome to ADSA's 2021 Annual Meeting!

Welcome to the 116th Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association . This meeting, first held in 1906 with 19 participants at the University of Illinois, has been held continuously since then . Our Annual Meeting has spanned two world wars, the Great Depression, and most recently the pandemic of the last two years . It is a tribute to our members, past and present, that we have been able to sustain this effort over the last 116 years to grow ADSA into the world's leading dairy science society . In the face of continuing uncertainty due to the pandemic, this year’s meeting is being held virtually, although we wanted to be with you in person . The development of the program for this year's meeting began last August and involved countless hours of volunteer efforts by our members, the overall program committee, and FASS staff . Kudos to our members and participants for their desire to share their scientific contributions, without which we would not be having this meeting . Through the collective contributions of our participants, our goal is always bring you the best possible Annual Meeting .

Welcome and enjoy the meeting!

Rich Erdman ADSA President

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 2 General Meeting Information Location

The 2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting is being held online (https://adsa .org/2021vm) from July 11 to July 14 . All times shown in the program are Eastern Daylight Time (EDT; UTC/GMT –04:00) .

Schedule of Events

All prerecorded presentations (orals and posters) will be made available for viewing online on Tuesday, July 6 . Oral presenters who elected to have live discussion time will be available according to the schedule in the program . Poster presenters, student competition presenters, and oral presenters who elected not to have live discussion time will be available for text chats at scheduled intervals throughout the meeting . The scientific program also includes “hallway talks,” roundtable discussions, and live symposia .

Opening and Closing Sessions

Please join us live at the opening session on Sunday for an address on the current status of our association by ADSA President Rich Erdman, and brief comments by the chair of the overall program committee, Mike VandeHaar . Following that, we are very pleased to welcome Rodolphe Barrangou as our Opening Session speaker .

Rodolphe Barrangou, of North Carolina State University, received the 2018 National Academy of Sciences Prize in Food and Agriculture Sciences . According to the National Academy of Sciences' citation, Barrangou and his collaborators, starting in 2007, showed that bacteria capture and integrate new DNA sequences (“spacers”) into a feature of their genome called "clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats" (CRISPRs) . The CRISPR, they discovered, work together with Cas (CRISPR-associated) genes to provide specific resistance and adaptive immunity against viruses . The worldwide attention devoted to this discovery allowed researchers to address questions of bacterial survival, population diversity, and evolutionary dynamics . Other subsequent studies unraveled the mechanistic basis for the Cas nucleases' mode of action .

In the years since, Barrangou has remained at the forefront of CRISPR-related research . He led the first major practical application of these discoveries, an effort to guide adaptive virus immunity in yogurt and cheese starter cultures and helped solve an industrial problem that affects millions of gallons of milk around the world every day . Using functional genomics, he has focused on uncovering the genetic basis for health-promoting traits, including the ability to uptake and catabolize non-digestible carbohydrates . He has focused on establishing the molecular basis for their mechanism of action, as well as developing and applying CRISPR-based technologies for genotyping, building immunity and genome editing .

Join us again on Wednesday evening as we close the meeting . At the closing session, we will recognize the outgoing board members and install the new board members and officers .

New in 2021! Hallway Talks and Roundtables We would like to recreate some of the conversations that happen in person . This year we will do that with Hallway Talks and Roundtables . On Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday from 9:00 to 10:00 am, and on Monday and Tuesday from 9:00 – 10:00 pm (for night owls and those attending from Australia, New Zealand, and other parts of the world), we will host hallway talks focused on specific dairy science topics . These focused discussions will be hosted by dairy industry leaders and are intended to be informal conversations . See the schedule on page 17 for more information on the content of these talks .

During our live symposia times (from 10:00 am to 12:00 pm and from 4:00 to 6:00 pm each day), we will also have some roundtable discussions . Roundtables are focused discussions with a live panel . See the schedule of events for more information on the content of these discussions .

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 3 Program Format for 2021

All recorded oral and poster presentations will be available for viewing beginning on July 6 . Symposia will be presented live .

Symposia (Mon–Wed) ...... 10:00. . am – 12:00 pm and 4:00 pm – 6:00 pm Live discussions with oral presenters (Mon–Wed) ...... 12:00 pm – 2:00 pm Text chats with poster presenters (Mon–Wed) ...... 2:00 pm – 4:00 pm Hallway Talks (Mon–Wed) ...... 9:00 am – 10:00 am and 9:00 pm – 10:00 pm Roundtable Discussions ...... 10:00 am – 12:00 pm and 4:00 pm – 6:00 pm

ARPAS Continuing Education Units

The 2021 ADSA Annual Meeting has been approved for up to 21 continuing education units (CEUs) for the American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists (ARPAS) certification requirements . If you would like to sit the ARPAS exam during the meeting, it is scheduled for 2:00 to 4:00 pm on Monday, July 12 . Please contact Brittany Morstatter (brittanym@assochq .org or arpas@assochq .org to register .

Social Media

Follow the ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting on Twitter (@ADSAorg and @ADSAgsd) using the official conference hashtag #ADSA2021 . Be a part of our virtual meeting and #dairyscience #community . Tweet about interesting posters and presentations, share your virtual annual meeting setup, or tell us about fun things you have to share with colleagues! #dairyscience #dairyfoods #dairymanagement #dairyproduction

Check out the 2021 ADSA Award Winners posted to the @ADSAorg Twitter feed and like, retweet, and congratulate our winners! Let’s keep the celebration going! #ADSA2021 #dairyscience #dairyfoods #dairymanagement #dairyproduction

ADSA 2021 Mobile App and Virtual Meeting Platform

For the 2021 Virtual Meeting, we will be using EventPilot (https://eventpilotadmin .com/web/planner .php?id=ADSA21), which will be a familiar program for many as it is the same as we have used for the mobile app in the past . If you choose to use the ADSA mobile app (for Android and iOS devices) in addition to the desktop version of the virtual meeting, you can browse sessions, read abstracts, build a personal schedule, view content offline, connect with other meeting attendees, share photos, and start discussions — all from within the app .

To download the app, please visit the app store (Google or Apple), download and launch the “EventPilot Conference App”, and then search for “ADSA21” . If you previously used this app for a different conference, click “ . . More” from the home screen, choose “Find Event” and then enter “ADSA21” . Send us a question using the Help button on the meeting website if you have questions on how to use the app .

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 4 Special Events

Events marked as “prerecorded” will be available at the times shown from July 11 through December 31, 2021 . Events marked as “live” will only be available within the time period noted . Events marked as “live, recorded” will not be available until the start time noted but will be available for viewing until December 31, 2021 . All times shown are Eastern daylight time (UTC –04:00) .

Graduate Student Division (GSD) Workshop: Publishing activities . (Clubs participating in the Outstanding Chapter Award in the Journal of Dairy Science and Beyond competition should have at least 2 delegates and 1 advisor present Sunday, July 11 for this event .) 3:00 – 5:00 pm Live SAD Undergraduate Student Posters and Papers Monday, July 12 All ADSA graduate students are encouraged to attend this valuable 10:45 am – 12:15 pm workshop on publishing in the Journal of Dairy Science (JDS) and Live, recorded beyond . Editors-in-chief Paul Kononoff and Matt Lucy will guide students on what it takes to publish in JDS and JDS Communications . Support the future of ADSA - plan time in your schedule to join the undergraduate poster and oral presentations . Presentation recordings will be posted online . Opening Session Sunday, July 11 5:00 – 6:00 pm SAD Undergraduate Student Career Panel Live Monday, July 12 1:00 – 2:00 pm Join us at the Opening Session for an address by ADSA President Live, recorded Rich Erdman and comments about the exciting scientific program that we have in store by the chair of the overall program committee, A program favorite, the SAD Career Panel gives undergraduate stu- Mike VandeHaar . Also, stay for a presentation by our special guest, dents the opportunity to network with professional members repre- Rodolphe Barrangou . senting various sectors of the dairy industry . Participants will learn about careers in the industry, get useful tips on planning for their GSD Student Welcome Meeting careers, and much more . Sunday, July 11 6:00 – 6:45 pm SAD Small Group Mentoring Sessions Live Monday, July 12, 2:15 – 3:30 pm, and Tuesday, July 13, 12:30 –1:45 pm In addition to greeting the incoming GSD officer team, attend this Live meeting to voice your ideas and opinions about ADSA graduate student activities . While at the meeting, sign up for a GSD committee The ADSA Mentor Program connects professional members with to become involved and help shape the future of our organization . undergraduate students for small group mentoring sessions during the virtual annual meeting . Students will meet online with ADSA SAD Virtual Dairy Tour and Undergraduate Mixer Past Presidents and others to discuss scientific presentations by Sunday, July 11 interest area . Engagement in the scientific presentations and inter- 7:30 pm – 9:00 pm actions with conference attendees will help students develop their Live technical skills and build their professional network . Advance registration by is required . Mentoring sessions will be offered on Monday Calling all undergrads to join us for this kickoff event for the 2021 and Tuesday as part of the undergraduate schedule . Students are ADSA-SAD Virtual Annual Meeting . Following a virtual farm tour, encouraged to register for both sessions . Please indicate at least two students can engage in some friendly competitions while getting to research interest areas on the registration form . know students from other universities . Wear your school colors and come ready to have fun! GSD Three-Minute Thesis Challenge Monday, July 12 GSD Mixer 2:00 – 3:00 pm Sunday, July 11 Live 7:00 – 8:00 pm ADSA graduate students are encouraged to participate in the return Live of the Three-Minute Thesis Challenge . This event will test the com- petitors' ability to convey their research in a way that is understand- Kick off the week with the introduction to our gamification scaven- able to all, in three minutes or less LIVE! Emphasis will be placed on ger hunt . Join this event to see how you can win a $100 Visa gift card . the ability to explain research to a lay audience . Entry details will be released prior to the meeting, and competition will be limited SAD Virtual First Business Meeting: Club Roll Call and to 10 students selected by a panel of judges based upon strength Meet the Candidates of the CV and a 100-word interpretive summary . All ADSA members Monday, July 12 are invited to attend the challenge and watch students compete for 9:30 – 10:15 am cash prizes and present their research in a fun and exciting way! Live, recorded

Join undergraduate students from across the country for the first official event of the meeting . The program includes a welcome from Student Affiliate Division officers, club roll call, introduction of 2021–2022 officer candidates and an overview of the next 2 days' Continued

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 5 SAD Undergraduate Student Happy Hour: Game Night Student Affiliate Division Awards Ceremony Monday, July 12 Tuesday, July 13 7:15 – 9:00 pm 2:00 – 3:00 pm Live Live, recorded

After a day filled with competitions and education, join us Monday We invite you to attend this year’s VIRTUAL Student Affiliate Division evening for a fun night filled with friendly competition . Advance awards ceremony . The highlight of the program will be the presen- registration is required . tation of student and club awards, and announcement of new SAD officers . Both students and professionals are encouraged to attend . SAD Virtual Second Business Meeting: Open Forum and This is a wonderful chance to show your support and appreciation Election of Officers for our industry’s next generation . Tuesday, July 13 9:15 – 10:15 am ADSA Awards Ceremony Live, recorded Tuesday, July 13 7:00 – 8:00 pm An open forum for undergraduate student members, this is your Prerecorded opportunity to share your thoughts about the ADSA undergraduate program, learn about plans for the coming year, and hear All meeting participants, families, and friends are welcome to officer candidate respond to questions as delegates from each club attend the virtual 2021 ADSA Awards program . Please join us at prepare to cast their ballots . Election ballots must be cast by the this special event to recognize and congratulate the 2021 award end of this meeting at 10:15 am . winners .

SAD Résumé Building Workshop Closing Session Tuesday, July 13 Wednesday, July 14 10:30 – 11:30 am 6:00 – 7:00 pm Live, recorded Live

This past year abruptly changed the undergraduate student path . Please join us for the closing session as we reach the end of this Many students discovered new ways of learning, and new oppor- unique virtual experience . The 2020–2021 ADSA President Rich tunities for expanding skill sets as internships and volunteer oppor- Erdman will recognize the outgoing board members and install new tunities were either retooled or canceled . In this workshop we will board members and officers . Then, ADSA’s incoming president, Paul explore how to capitalize on the skills and experiences gained Kindstedt, will make remarks . The ADSA annual business meeting during this year of virtual learning to help you build a strong resume . materials that would have been distributed in person will be posted Sara Lane, director of Career Services, College of Agriculture and Life on ADSA’s website . Attire is casual! Sciences at North Carolina State University, will lead this interactive workshop to help you capitalize on your abilities and give yourself the best opportunity for success . Registration is free but required .

GSD Career Insights Lunch Tuesday, July 13 2:00 – 3:00 pm Live

Graduate students—plan to join us for lunch and interact with a diverse panel of academia and industry professionals! Be prepared to question panel members about their experience moving from graduate school to the professional world . This lunch is intended to give students an informal environment in which to inquire about each professional’s personal journey and the challenges they encountered along the way .

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 6 2021 ADSA Award Donors

Alltech Biotechnology Center National Dairy Council American Dairy Science Association National Milk Producers Federation Dairy American Dairy Science Association Foundation Scholarship Fund American Feed Industry Association Novus International Cargill Animal Nutrition Nutrition Professionals Inc . Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding Purina Animal Nutrition DeLaval Inc . Schreiber Foods Hoard’s Dairyman West Agro Inc . International Dairy Foods Association Zinpro Corp . Lallemand Animal Nutrition Zoetis Leprino Foods

ADSA Corporate Sustaining Members

Ag Processing Inc . /Amino Plus Grande Cheese Company ANDHIL LLC Lallemand Animal Nutrition Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production Pioneer Darling Ingredients Inc . Renaissance Nutrition Inc . Diamond V Zinpro Corp . Elanco Animal Health Zoetis Global Agri-Trade Corporation Zook Nutrition and Management Inc .

Graduate Student Division Sponsors Chobani Land O’ Lakes–Purina Zinpro

Thank you for your support!

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 7 Exhibitors and Sponsors

You will be able to interact with the vendors and sponsors supporting ADSA 2021 . Each exhibitor and sponsor has its own “virtual space,” with one-on-one chat and digital offerings of all kinds .

Exhibitors

Elsevier Dairy science includes the study of milk and milk-derived Radarweg 29 food products, examining the biological, chemical, physical, 1043 NX Amsterdam and microbiological aspects of milk itself, as well as the The Netherlands technological (processing) aspects of the transformation https://elsevier .com/exhibitions-update/adsa of milk into its various consumer products, including beverages, fermented products, concentrated and dried Elsevier is a world-leading provider of information solutions products, butter and ice cream . The Encyclopedia of Dairy that enhance the performance of science, health, and Sciences is the only work available that covers in detail technology professionals, empowering them to make the entirety of dairy science, from care and management better decisions, deliver better care, and sometimes make of dairy animals, the science of milk production, through ground-breaking discoveries that advance the boundaries of the processing of milk into a myriad of dairy products and knowledge and human progress . Elsevier is a world-leading ingredients, to the effect of dairy foods on human health . multiple media publisher of science, technology, and health This encyclopedia includes information on roles of dairy information products and services . We are proud to publish animals in culture, the world economy and the environment; the Journal of Dairy Science® and JDS Communications, the the impacts of genetic modification of dairy animals, health official journals of the American Dairy Science Association . effects of dairy products, the variety of culturally relevant and economically important dairy products, and methods of Elsevier Major Reference Works processing and packaging for efficient use of dairy products . https://www .sciencedirect .com/ referencework/9780081005965/food-science The third edition of Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences will retain the split that characterized the earlier editions: one-third Announcing the Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences, 3rd primary production, two-thirds dairy foods . Unlike earlier edition: Coming September 2021 editions, in which articles were arranged in alphabetical order by topic, this edition is organized into 9 coherent Editors in Chief: sections . This new edition contains 500 articles, including Paul L. H. McSweeney, Professor of Food Chemistry, several new articles on evolving topics and a majority of Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University articles which have been significantly revised . All articles College Cork, Ireland have been reviewed by specialists in their area . John P. McNamara, Emeritus Professor of Animal Sciences, WSU Teaching Academy, Washington State University, USA Key features: • Comprehensive and authoritative introductory articles The renowned Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences is a complete on all aspects of dairy science from on-farm aspects, to resource covering key critical information on all aspects of processing, to consumers dairy sciences; from dairy production, through the whole • Content is written and edited by leading authorities range of dairy products and production technology to the from across the globe making this the go-to foundational health aspects of dairy foods reference in the dairy science community • Articles are organized into 9 coherent sections on key Table of contents: topics, making it easier for the reader to access relevant Dairy animal management information quickly Biology of milk production Nutrition and health aspects of milk for humans Audience: Dehydrated, concentrated, liquid milk products and analysis Food and agricultural scientists in academia, students at Non-bovine milks, productions and products secondary and university levels and specialists and policy Dairy chemistry makers in the public sector and industry . Dairy microbiology Dairy processing and technology Cheese and fermented milks

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 8 Thank you to the 2021 ADSA Annual Meeting Sponsors!

Gold Level

Silver Level

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 9 Bronze Level

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 10 Donor Level

Contributor Level

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 11 ADSA 2021 Virtual Annual Meeting

Orientation to the Virtual Meeting Site

Welcome to the 2021 ADSA Annual Virtual Meeting . We are glad you are able to join us, if not in person, and we sincerely hope you find this event productive, interactive, and entertaining! Once registered for the meeting, you will use your ADSA user name and password to access the virtual meeting site: https://eventpilotadmin .com/web/planner .php?id=ADSA21 . If you have forgotten your user name or password, visit adsa org/forgot. to look up or reset your credentials .

Once logged in, you will be at the meeting home page — your “information station” during the Virtual Annual Meeting .

The Help and Discussion area will be staffed by ADSA staff, leaders, and volunteers from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm (EDT) on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday .

The main tabs on the home page help you navigate to the main areas of the site: Home, Program, Calendar, Sections, Sponsors/Exhibitors, and More:

The green and blue buttons on the home page (shown below) will help you navigate to the main locations online where events will take place:

Live Events Ceremonies: Visit this area for the opening session on Monday, the awards ceremony on Tuesday, and the closing session on Wednesday .

Symposia/Workshops: Click the Symposia and Workshops button to join all symposia events . Check the symposia schedule in this book, or in the Calendar portion of the virtual site for more information on symposia and workshops . Note that symposia are presented live only, with no recording available in advance .

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 12 Oral Live Discussions (Oral Q&As): All oral presentations will be available for viewing beginning on Tuesday, July 6 . All presentations can be accessed from the blue Orals button . Sessions are divided by scientific section as well as date and time of the live panel discussions of the presentations . Click on a listed presentation title to view the recording and abstract, and to access a chat box where you can ask questions of the author and discuss with other attendees viewing this presentation . Presenters will be available for live text chat between 10:30 am and 12:00 pm on each day (on Monday for Monday orals; on Tuesday for Tuesday orals, and on Wednesday for Wednesday orals) . Then, head over to the Livestream tab for live moderated panel discussions (Oral Q&As) with presenters between 12:00 pm and 2:00 pm .

Poster Text Chats: All poster presentations will be available for viewing beginning on July 6 . All presentations can be accessed from the blue Posters button under General Submissions . Click on a listed presentation title to view the recording, abstract, and poster PDF . Use the chat box to chat with the author and other attendees viewing the poster at any time . Presenters have been asked to be available to facilitate “real-time” text chat between 2:00 and 3:00 pm on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday .

Roundtables and Hallway Talks: Click the Roundtables and Hallway Talks button to see the schedule on all days of the meeting . We have two expert roundtable discussions scheduled (see the schedule online and on page 17 of this program) for the topics, as well as Hallway Talks on specific topics of interest to dairy scientists each day from 9:00 to 10:00 am and—for the night owls/overseas attendees—from 9:00 to 10:00 pm (EDT) . See the schedule online (and on page 17 of this program) for the daily topics . Join these live conversations via text chat .

Student Events: All events for undergraduate and graduate students will be accessible from the Student Events button, including business meetings, workshops, social events, GSD Mix and Mingle, GSD Three-Minute Thesis, and SAD Awards .

General Submissions Use the blue buttons under General Submissions to access all oral, poster, and student competition presentations, which are available on demand beginning on July 6 . Or use the By Section, By Abstract, and By Presenter buttons to find the content you want .

Oral presentations are arranged by On Demand (no scheduled live discussions) and then by day for orals with a live discussion scheduled . For oral presentations that you find especially interesting, we suggest you join the presenters during their scheduled live discussion . Oral live discussions (Q&As) will take place in up to five virtual rooms each day, with presenting authors assigned to a 30-minute block in the session-specific room between 12:00 and 2:00 pm (12:00–12:30, 12:30–1:00, 1:00–1:30, and 1:30–2:00 pm) . Check the daily schedule for each room or click on the room to visit that live discussion . Join the conver- sation and post your questions for oral presenters via the text chat box . Each presenter should be prepared to discuss their findings and relevance with the moderator and audience . Check the Livestream Schedule on page 16 of this program for more information .

All poster presentations are available under the On Demand tab . For poster presentations that you find especially interesting, we suggest you join the presenters from 2:00 to 3:00 pm on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday (see Poster Text Chats above .

Other Site Features Sponsors/Exhibitors: Visit our virtual Sponsors and Exhibitors area from the main tab and click on a supporter’s link to visit their page, watch videos, download materials, and interact in real time with company representatives during the daily Sponsor and Exhibitor Open Hours from 2:00 pm to 4:00 pm Monday through Wednesday .

Search Everything: Use the Search Everything bar at the top of the home page to search all meeting content: by presenter name, abstract number, session name, key word, institution, country, and so on .

Program: Use the Program tab to create a personal schedule for the meeting, bookmark presentations, take notes, and download your schedule in different formats .

Calendar: Use the Calendar tab to see at a glance all events taking place at any given time or day of the meeting . Use the calendar view to drill down to individual sessions and presentations of interest . .

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 13 Schedule of Events Events marked as “prerecorded” will be available from July 6 to December 31, 2021 . Events marked as “live” will only be available during the meeting within the time period noted . Following the meeting, all presentations, including symposia, will be available for viewing by meeting registrants until December 31, 2021 . All times shown are in Eastern daylight time (EDT; UTC –4) .

All times shown are in Eastern daylight time (EDT; UTC –4); see additional time zones on page 15 Sunday, July 11 11:00 am – 5:00 pm National Animal Nutrition Program (NANP) Workshop 12:00 pm – 2:00 pm Late-breaking abstracts session 3:00 pm – 5:00 pm Norm Olson Recognition Symposium 3:00 pm – 5:00 pm Graduate Student Workshop: Publishing in Journal of Dairy Science and Beyond (live) 5:00 pm – 6:00 pm Opening Session: Welcome to the ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting; Invited Speaker: Rodolphe Barrangou, winner of the 2018 National Academy of Sciences Prize in Food and Agriculture Sciences for his part in discovering CRISPR (live) 6:00 pm – 6:45 pm GSD Welcome Meeting (live) 7:00 pm – 8:00 pm GSD Social Mixer (live) 7:30 pm – 9:00 pm SAD Preconference Farm Tour and Undergrad Mixer (live) Monday, July 12 9:00 am – 5:00 pm Welcome Desk (live) 9:00 am – 10:00 am Hallway talk: Nutrition 9:30 am – 10:15 am SAD First Business Meeting: Club Roll Call and Meet the Candidates (live, recorded) 10:00 am – 12:00 pm Live Symposia 10:45 am – 12:15 pm SAD Interviews for Outstanding Student, Selection of Outstanding Advisor (live) 10:45 am – 12:15 pm SAD Undergraduate Poster Presentation Competition (live, recorded, presentations prerecorded) 10:45 am – 12:15 pm SAD Undergraduate Dairy Foods, Production and Original Research Presentation Competitions (live, recorded, presentations prerecorded) 12:00 pm – 2:00 pm Live, moderated discussions with oral presenters (see Livestream schedule on page 16) 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm SAD Undergraduate Student Career Panel (live, recorded) 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm GSD Three-Minute Thesis (live) 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm Poster presenters available for real-time text chats 2:00 pm – 4:00 pm Sponsor and Exhibitor Open Hours: Chat live with sponsors and exhibitors 2:00 pm – 4:00 pm ARPAS Exam: Contact ARPAS (brittanym@assochq .org or arpas@assochq .org) to secure your seat 2:15 pm – 3:30 pm SAD Small Group Mentoring Session 1 (advance sign-up required) 4:00 pm – 6:00 pm Live Symposia 7:15 pm – 9:00 pm SAD Virtual Game Night (live) 9:00 pm – 10:00 pm Hallway talk: Nutrition and Forages Tuesday, July 13 9:00 am – 5:00 pm Welcome desk (live) 9:00 am – 10:00 am Hallway talk: Let’s Talk Cheese! 9:15 am – 10:15 am SAD Second Business Meeting: Open Forum and Election of Officers (live, recorded) 10:00 am – 12:00 pm Live Symposia 10:30 am – 11:30 am SAD Career Workshop: Résumé Building Workshop (live, recorded) 12:00 pm – 2:00 pm Live, moderated discussions with oral presenters (see Livestream schedule on page 16)

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 14 12:30 pm – 1:45 pm SAD Small Group Mentoring Session 2 (advance sign-up required) 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm Poster presenters available for real-time text chats 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm GSD Career Insights Panel (live, recorded) 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm SAD Awards Ceremony (live, recorded) 2:00 pm – 4:00 pm Sponsor and Exhibitor Open Hours: Chat live with sponsors and exhibitors 3:15 pm – 4:15 pm SAD Old and New Officer and Advisor Meeting 4:00 pm – 6:00 pm Live Symposia 6:00 pm – 7:00 pm Informal Calf Session 7:00 pm – 8:00 pm ADSA Awards Ceremony (recorded) 9:00 pm – 10:00 pm Hallway talk: Physiology and Metabolism Wednesday, July 14 9:00 am – 5:00 pm Welcome desk (live) 9:00 am – 10:00 am Hallway talk: Hot Topics in Physiology 10:00 am – 12:00 pm Live Symposia 10:00 am – 3:00 pm Mixed Models Workshop (break for lunch from 12:00 to 1:00 pm) 12:00 pm – 2:00 pm Live, moderated discussions with oral presenters (see Livestream schedule on page 16) 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm Poster presenters available for real-time text chats 2:00 pm – 4:00 pm Sponsor and Exhibitor Open Hours: Chat live with sponsors and exhibitors 4:00 pm – 6:00 pm Live Symposia 6:00 pm – 7:00 pm Closing Session: Hear remarks from the outgoing and incoming ADSA presidents

Time zones:

Key meeting times in Eastern daylight time (UTC –4 h) Location Time zone UTC Offset 9:00 am 10:00 am 12:00 2:00 pm 4:00 pm 6:00 pm 9:00 pm (noon) Vancouver PDT UTC –7 6:00 am 7:00 am 9:00 am 11:00 am 1:00 pm 3:00 pm 6:00 pm Salt Lake City MDT UTC –6 7:00 am 8:00 am 10:00 am 12:00 2:00 pm 4:00 pm 7:00 pm (noon) Chicago CDT UTC –6 8:00 am 9:00 am 11:00 am 1:00 pm 3:00 pm 5:00 pm 8:00 pm Dublin IST UTC +1 2:00 pm 3:00 pm 5:00 pm 7:00 pm 9:00 pm 11:00 pm 2:00 am Western CEST UTC +2 3:00 pm 4:00 pm 6:00 pm 8:00 pm 10:00 pm 12:00 3:00 am Europe (midnight) Perth AWST UTC +8 9:00 pm 10:00 pm 12:00 2:00 am 4:00 am 6:00 am 9:00 am (midnight) Beijing CST UTC +8 9:00 pm 10:00 pm 12:00 2:00 am 4:00 am 6:00 am 9:00 am (midnight) Tokyo JST UTC +9 10:00 pm 11:00 pm 1:00 am 3:00 am 5:00 am 7:00 am 10:00 am Sydney, AEST UTC +10 11:00 pm 12:00 am 2:00 am 4:00 am 6:00 am 8:00 am 11:00 am Melbourne, (midnight) Canberra Wellington NZST UTC +12 1:00 am 2:00 am 4:00 am 6:00 am 8:00 am 10:00 am 1:00 pm

*Times shown in bold are on the following day relative to the meeting day and time in EDT .

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 15 Livestream Schedule Oral Session Live Discussions (abstract range in parentheses)

Monday 12:00–12:30 pm 12:30–1:00 pm 1:00–1:30 pm 1:30–2:00 pm Breeding and Genetics 1 (193–199) Animal Behavior and Well-Being 1 Animal Behavior and Well-Being 2 Animal Behavior and Well-Being 3 (167–172) (272–278) (390–394) Dairy Foods: Cheese 1 (207–212) Breeding and Genetics 2 (200–206) Physiology and Endocrinology 3 Growth and Development 1 (433–438) (420–427) Physiology and Endocrinology 1 Dairy Foods: Cheese/Micro 2 Reproduction 1 (238–243) Lactation Biology 1 (428–432) (219–224) (213–218) Ruminant Nutrition: Carbs and Physiology and Endocrinology 2 Ruminant Nutrition: Calves and Reproduction 2 (348–352) Lipids 1 (264–270) (325–330) Heifers 1 (258–263) Teaching/Undergrad and Grad Ruminant Nutrition: Carbs and Ruminant Nutrition: General 1 Education 1 (271) Lipids 2 (367–372) (353–359)

Tuesday 12:00–12:30 pm 12:30–1:00 pm 1:00–1:30 pm 1:30–2:00 pm Animal Health 1 (173–179) Animal Health 2 (180–186) Animal Health 3 (187–192) Animal Health 4 (279–283) Breeding and Genetics 3 (295–301) Breeding and Genetics 4 (302–308) Dairy Foods: Dairy Products 4 Dairy Foods: Processing 5 (313–317) (414–418) Production, Management, and Dairy Foods: Chemistry 3 (309–312) Production, Management, and Forages and Pastures 1 (318–324) Environment 1 (225–230) Environment 3 (331-335) Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/AA 1 Production, Management, and Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/AA 3 Production, Management, and (373–378) Environment 2 (231–237) (385–389) Environment 4 (336–342) Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/AA 2 Small Ruminant: Nutrition 1 Small Ruminant 2 (483–488) (379–384) (489–495)

Wednesday 12:00–12:30 pm 12:30–1:00 pm 1:00–1:30 pm 1:30–2:00 pm Animal Health 5 (284–288) Animal Health 6 (289–294) Animal Health 7 (395–401) Animal Health 8 (403–406) Breeding and Genetics 5 (407–413) Production, Management, and Production, Management, and Production, Management, and Environment 6 (439–443) Environment 7 (444–447) Environment 8 (448–453) Production, Management, and Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiol- Reproduction 3 (454–460) Reproduction 4 (461–466) Environment 5 (343–347) ogy, Fermentation, and Digestion 2 (472–476) Ruminant Nutrition: General 2 Ruminant Nutrition: General 4 Ruminant Nutrition: General 5 (360–366) (244–250) (251–257) Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiol- Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiol- ogy, Fermentation, and Digestion 1 ogy, Fermentation, and Digestion 3 (467–471) (477–482)

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 16 Livestream Schedule Hallway Talks and Roundtables

Day and Time Topic Moderators Monday 9:00 – 10:00 am Hallway Talk: Nutrition Hosted by Mike VandeHaar (Michigan State University), with Nor- mand St-Pierre (Perdue Agribusiness), Bill Weiss (The Ohio State University), Tanya Gressley (University of Delaware), and Paola Piantoni (Cargill Animal Nutrition) 9:00 – 10:00 pm Hallway Talk: Nutrition and Forages Hosted by Frank Dunshea (University of Melbourne), with Kristy DiGiacomo (University of Melbourne), Phillip “Pip” Gale (president, Australian Association of Ruminant Nutrition), Ian Sawyer (Feed- works), and Mike VandeHaar (Michigan State University) Tuesday 9:00 – 10:00 am Hallway Talk: Let’s Talk Cheese! Hosted by Mike Miller (University of Illinois), with Paul Kindstedt (University of Vermont), Rani Govindasamy-Lucey (Wisconsin Center for Dairy Research), and Mark Johnson (Wisconsin Center for Dairy Research) 4:00 – 6:00 pm Roundtable: Foundation Scholar Award Lectures Moderated by Phil Tong

Presentations: Prateek Sharma (Dairy Foods): Can material science approaches solve dairy industry problems?

Jimena LaPorta (Dairy Production): Heat stress in the next generation: Costs and opportunities for youngstock heat stress abatement 6:00 – 7:00 pm Informal Calf Session: New insights about the Hosted by Joao Costa (University of Kentucky), with Mike Steele use of colostrum and colostrum replacer after (University of Guelph), Adam Geiger (Zinpro Corp .), and Mike the first day of life Nagorske (Saskatoon Colostrum Company) . 9:00 – 10:00 pm Hallway Talk: Physiology and Metabolism Hosted by Barry Bradford (Michigan State University), with Ian Lean (Scibus and Dairy UP), Rodrigo Albornoz (Agriculture Victo- ria), and John Penry (Dairy Australia) Wednesday 9:00 – 10:00 am Hallway Talk: Hot Topics in Physiology Hosted by Kevin Harvatine (Penn State University) 10:00 am – 12:00 pm Roundtable: Go With Your Gut Hosted by Michael Steele (University of Guelph) 10:00 am – 12:00 pm Roundtable: Lactation Biology Hosted by Sha Tao (University of Georgia) and Feng-Qi Zhao (University of Vermont), with panelists Barry Bradford (Michigan State University), Gina Pighetti (University of Tennessee), Andres Contreras (Michigan State University), Geoff Dahl (University of Florida), and Erika Ganda (Penn State University)

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 17 Thank you to the ADSA 2021 Program Committees

Overall Program Committee Milk Protein and Enzymes Mike VandeHaar (chair) Dave Everett (chair) Dave Everett Lloyd Metzger Trevor DeVries Rodrigo Roesch Rani Govindasamy-Lucey Rafael Jimenez-Flores Kevin Harvatine Donald McMahon Michael Miller Phoebe Qi Yves Pouliot Animal Behavior and Well-Being Christina Levendoski Amber Adams-Progar (chair) Hadi Eshpari Alex Bach Barbara Jones Physiology and Endocrinology Massimo Bionaz (chair) Animal Health Angel Abuelo Eduardo de Souza Ribeiro (chair) Eshan Khafipour Sabine Mann Johan Osorio Production, Management, and the Environment Jennifer Heguy (chair) Breeding and Genetics Abigail Carpenter Francisco Penagaricano (chair) Chaouki Benchaar Daniela Lourenco Brad Hein Reproduction Paul VanRaden Stephen LeBlanc (chair) Natascha Vukasinovic Luciana Caixeta Anna Denicol Dairy Foods Dave Everett (chair) Ruminant Nutrition Rani Govindasamy-Lucey Joe McFadden (chair) Sam Alcaine Ranga Appuhamy Sanjeev Anand James Tully Rohit Kapoor Agustin Ríus Haotian Zheng Dengpan Bu Extension Education Small Ruminant Noa Roman-Muniz (chair) Noemi Castro (chair) Gustavo Schuenemann Benjamin Wenner Dale Moore Jerry Roberson Forages and Pastures Teaching/Undergraduate and Graduate Education Matt Akins (chair) Abigail Carpenter (chair) Luiz Ferraretto Michel Wattiaux Kathy Soder Juan Marcos Fernandez Ken Griswold ADSA Southern Section Symposium Growth and Development Agustin Ríus Peter Erickson (chair) ADSA Graduate Student Symposium Sonia Vázquez Flores Heather McCain-Keefer (chair) Kimberley Morrill Holly Miller Lactation Biology FenQi Zhao (chair) Sha Tao Adam Geiger Rupert Bruckmaier

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 18 Graduate Student Competition: ADSA Dairy Foods Graduate Student Competition: ADSA Production Oral Poster (MS/PhD) Beth Briczinski (chair) Kamal Mjoun (chair) Hari Meletharayil Jeff Weyers Neha Singh Pablo Pinedo Ben Enger Graduate Student Competition: ADSA Dairy Foods Kayla Rink Poster Lorenzo Hernandez Castellano Khilendra Bhanduriya (chair) Hadi Eshpari ADSA Southern Section Oral Competition Agustin Ríus Graduate Student Competition: ADSA Production Oral (MS/PhD) ADSA SAD Undergraduate Oral and Poster Competitions Jamie Jarrett (chair) Elizabeth Eckelkamp (chair) Corwin Nelson Molly Kelley Laura Hernandez NANP Nutrition Models Workshop Virginia Brandao Tim Hackmann Mike Socha

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 19 Scientific Program Table of Contents

All abstracts are prerecorded and can be viewed on demand at any time . Some abstracts also have live discussion times, as shown in this program . All symposia, hallway talks, and roundtables will be presented in real time with recordings available after the meeting .

Presentations Without Live Discussion Times POSTER PRESENTATIONS Abstract no. Page no . Animal Behavior and Well-Being...... P100–P120 ...... 26 Animal Health...... P121–P154 ...... 27 Breeding and Genetics...... P155–P173 ...... 30 Dairy Foods...... P174–P221 ...... 31 Extension Education...... P222–P228 ...... 34 Forages and Pastures...... P229–P243 ...... 35 Growth and Development...... P244–P250 ...... 36 Lactation Biology ...... P251–P260 ...... 36 Physiology and Endocrinology...... P261–P278 ...... 37 Production Management, and the Environment ...... P279–P316 ...... 39 Reproduction...... P317–P300, P484–P488 ...... 41 Ruminant Nutrition: Calves and Heifers ...... P331–P353 ...... 43 Ruminant Nutrition: Carbohydrates and Lipids ...... P354–P371 ...... 44 Ruminant Nutrition: General...... P372–P431 ...... 46 Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiology, Fermentation, and Digestion ...... P432–P455 ...... 50 Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/Amino Acids ...... P456–P481 ...... 52 Small Ruminant ...... P482–P483 ...... 54 ORAL PRESENTATIONS Animal Behavior and Well-Being...... 100, 101 ...... 55 Animal Health...... 102–107 ...... 55 Breeding and Genetics...... 108, 109 ...... 55 Dairy Foods...... 110–121 ...... 56 Forages and Pastures...... 122 ...... 57 Lactation Biology ...... 123–130 ...... 57 Physiology and Endocrinology...... 131–136 ...... 58 Production Management, and the Environment ...... 137–146 ...... 58 Reproduction...... 147, 148 ...... 59 Ruminant Nutrition: General Calves and Heifers ...... 149–156 ...... 59 Ruminant Nutrition: Calves and Heifers ...... 157, 158 ...... 60 Ruminant Nutrition: Carbohydrates and Lipids ...... 159–162 ...... 60

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 20 Abstract no. Page no .

Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiology, Fermentation, and Digestion ...... 163 ...... 60 Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/Amino Acids...... 164 ...... 61 Small Ruminant ...... 165, 166 ...... 61 ADSA Midwest Branch Young Scholar Presentations ...... 496–499 ...... 61 STUDENT COMPETITIONS ADSA Graduate Student Dairy Foods Oral Competition ...... SC100–SC108 ...... 62 ADSA Graduate Student Dairy Foods Poster Competition ...... SC109–SC119 ...... 62 ADSA Graduate Student Production MS Oral Competition...... SC120–SC128 ...... 63 ADSA Graduate Student Production MS Poster Competition ...... SC129–SC132 ...... 64 ADSA Graduate Student Production PhD Oral Competition ...... SC133–SC141 ...... 64 ADSA Graduate Student Production PhD Poster Competition ...... SC142–SC148 ...... 65 ADSA Graduate Student Southern Section Oral Competition ...... SC149–SC151 ...... 66

Sunday, July 11 WORKSHOPS AND SYMPOSIA NANP Nutrition Models Workshop...... S104–S112 ...... 67 Late-Breaking Abstract Session...... LB100–LB106 ...... 67 Dairy Foods: Norm Olson Recognition Symposium ...... S100–S103 ...... 68 OTHER EVENTS: Sunday Afternoon/Evening GSD Workshop: Publishing in the Journal of Dairy Science and Beyond ...... 69 Opening Session ...... 69 GSD Welcome Meeting...... 69 GSD Social Mixer ...... 69 SAD Preconference Farm Tour and Undergrad Mixer (live) ...... 69

Monday, July 12 SYMPOSIA: Monday Morning Animal Health Symposium: Adipose Tissue in Transition Dairy Cows as an Integrator of Metabolic and Inflammatory Cues in Health and Disease – Session 1 ...... S118–S120 ...... 70 Growth and Development/Midwest Branch Joint Symposium: Feeding and Managing the Preruminant Calf...... S132–S134 ...... 70 Milk Protein and Enzymes Symposium: Opportunities to Create New Products with Mixed Dairy and Plant Proteins ...... S135–S138 ...... 70 CSAS Symposium: Milk Synthesis: Unlocking the Mechanisms of Milk Protein and Fat Synthesis . . . . S185–S187 ...... 71

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 21 Abstract no. Page no . SAD/UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT COMPETITIONS ADSA-SAD Dairy Foods Oral Competition ...... SC152–SC156 ...... 72 ADSA-SAD Dairy Production Oral Competition ...... SC157–SC161 ...... 72 ADSA-SAD Original Research Oral Competition ...... SC162–SC168 ...... 72 ADSA-SAD Original Research Poster Competition ...... SC169–SC176 ...... 73 OTHER EVENTS: Monday Morning Hallway Talk: Nutrition...... 74 SAD First Business Meeting: Club Roll Call and Meet the Candidates (live, recorded) ...... 74 SAD Interviews for Outstanding Student, Selection of Outstanding Advisor (live) ...... 74 ORAL PRESENTATIONS (with live discussions at times indicated) 12:00 – 12:30 PM Breeding and Genetics 1...... 193–199 ...... 75 Dairy Foods: Cheese 1...... 207–212 ...... 75 Physiology and Endocrinology 1...... 219–224 ...... 76 Ruminant Nutrition: Carbohydrates and Lipids 1 ...... 264–270 ...... 76 Teaching/Undergraduate and Graduate Education 1 ...... 271 ...... 77 12:30 – 1:00 PM Animal Behavior and Well-Being 1 ...... 167–172 ...... 77 Breeding and Genetics 2...... 200–206 ...... 78 Dairy Foods: Cheese and Microbiology 2 ...... 213–218 ...... 78 Physiology and Endocrinology 2...... 325–330 ...... 79 Ruminant Nutrition: Carbohydrates and Lipids 2 ...... 367–372 ...... 80 1:00 – 1:30 PM Animal Behavior and Well-Being 2 ...... 272–278 ...... 80 Physiology and Endocrinology 3...... 433–438 ...... 81 Reproduction 1 ...... 238–243 ...... 81 Ruminant Nutrition: Calves and Heifers 1 ...... 258–263 ...... 82 1:30 – 2:00 PM Animal Behavior and Well-Being 3 ...... 390–394 ...... 82 Growth and Development 1...... 420–427 ...... 83 Lactation Biology 1 ...... 428–432 ...... 84 Reproduction 2 ...... 348–352 ...... 84 Ruminant Nutrition: General 1...... 353–359 ...... 85 OTHER EVENTS: Monday Afternoon SAD Undergraduate Student Career Panel (live, recorded) ...... 86 Live Text Chats with Poster Presenters...... 86

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 22 Abstract no. Page no . GSD Three-Minute Thesis (live, recorded)...... 86 SAD Small Group Mentoring Session 1 (advance sign-up required) ...... 86 SYMPOSIA ADSA Southern Branch Symposium: Managing Heat Stress in a Warmer Planet ...... S113–S117 ...... 87 Animal Health Symposium: Adipose Tissue in Transition Dairy Cows as an Integrator of Metabolic and Inflammatory Cues in Health and Disease – Session 2 ...... S121, S122 ...... 87 Dairy Foods Symposium: Reducing Dairy Food Loss and Waste ...... S128–S131 ...... 87 OTHER EVENTS: Monday Evening SAD Virtual Game Night (live via Zoom)...... 88 Hallway Talk: Forage and Nutrition Sponsored by Feedworks...... 88

Tuesday, July 13 SYMPOSIA: Tuesday Morning Animal Health and NMC Joint Symposium: Management Strategies to Enhance Health of Dairy Cows During the Transition Period – Session 1 ...... S139–S142 ...... 89 Breeding and Genetics Symposium: Genetics of Milk ...... S121–S127 ...... 89 Dairy Foods Symposium: Making Lactose the Carb of Choice ...... S155–S158 ...... 90 EAAP Exchange Symposium: Limits in Production Growth on Level of Cow, Farm, and Industry . . . . S159–S162 ...... 90 OTHER EVENTS: Tuesday Morning Hallway Talk: Let’s Talk Cheese!...... 91 SAD Second Business Meeting: Open Forum and Election of Officers (live, recorded) ...... 91 SAD Career Workshop: Résumé Building Workshop...... 91 ORAL PRESENTATIONS (with live discussions at times indicated) 12:00 – 12:30 PM Animal Health 1 ...... 173–179 ...... 92 Breeding and Genetics 3...... 295–301 ...... 92 Production, Management, and the Environment 1 ...... 225–230 ...... 93 Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/Amino Acids 1 ...... 373–378 ...... 93 12:30 – 1:00 PM Animal Health 2 ...... 180–186 ...... 94 Breeding and Genetics 4...... 302–308 ...... 95 Dairy Foods: Chemistry 3...... 309–312 ...... 95 Production, Management, and the Environment 2 ...... 231–237 ...... 96 Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/Amino Acids 2 ...... 379–384 ...... 96 1:00 – 1:30 PM Animal Health 3 ...... 187–192 ...... 97 Dairy Foods: Dairy Products 4...... 313–317 ...... 98

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 23 Abstract no. Page no . Production, Management, and the Environment 3 ...... 331–335 ...... 98 Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/Amino Acids 3 ...... 385–389 ...... 99 Small Ruminant: Nutrition 1...... 489–495 ...... 99 1:30 – 2:00 PM Animal Health 4 ...... 279–283 ...... 100 Dairy Foods: Processing 5...... 414–418 ...... 100 Forages and Pastures 1...... 318–324 ...... 101 Production, Management, and the Environment 4 ...... 336–342 ...... 101 Small Ruminant 2 ...... 483–488 ...... 102 OTHER EVENTS: Tuesday Afternoon SAD Small Group Mentoring Session 2 (advance sign-up required) ...... 103 Live Text Chats with Poster Presenters...... 103 GSD Career Insights Panel (live, recorded)...... 103 SAD Awards Ceremony (live, recorded)...... 103 SAD Old and New Officers Meeting...... 103 SYMPOSIA: Tuesday Afternoon Animal Health and NMC Joint Symposium: Management Strategies to Enhance Health of Dairy Cows During the Transition Period – Session 2 ...... S143–S146 ...... 104 Dairy Foods Symposium: Nourish to Flourish—The Role of Product, Process, and Package in Driving Milk Consumption Among Children ...... S152–S154 ...... 104 Reproduction Symposium: Do We Need Estrus? ...... S163–S166 ...... 104 OTHER EVENTS: Tuesday Evening Roundtable: Foundation Scholar Award Lectures...... 105 Informal Calf Session ...... 105 ADSA Awards Ceremony (recorded)...... 105 Hallway Talk: Physiology and Metabolism...... 105

Wednesday, July 14 SYMPOSIA: Wednesday Morning Ruminant Nutrition Symposium: Bioavailability of Amino Acids: Methods and Lessons Learned . . . . S177–S179 ...... 106 Teaching/Undergraduate and Graduate Education Symposium: Education and Workforce Development in the Online Learning World ...... S180–S184 ...... 106 EAAP Exchange Symposium Presentation...... 419 ...... 107 OTHER EVENTS: Wednesday Morning Hallway Talk: Hot Topics in Physiology...... 107 Go With Your Gut: Roundtable Discussion on Gut Physiology ...... 107 Mixed Models Workshop (continues on Wednesday afternoon)...... 107

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 24 ORAL PRESENTATIONS (with live discussions at times indicated) Abstract no. Page no . 12:00 – 12:30 PM Animal Health 5 ...... 284–288 ...... 108 Breeding and Genetics 5...... 407–413 ...... 108 Production, Management, and the Environment 5 ...... 343–347 ...... 109 Ruminant Nutrition: General 2...... 360–366 ...... 109 Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiology, Fermentation, and Digestion 1 ...... 467–471 ...... 110 12:30 – 1:00 PM Animal Health 6 ...... 289–294 ...... 111 Production, Management, and the Environment 6 ...... 439–443 ...... 111 Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiology, Fermentation, and Digestion 2 ...... 472–476 ...... 112 1:00 – 1:30 PM Animal Health 7 ...... 395–401 ...... 112 Production, Management, and the Environment 7 ...... 444–447 ...... 113 Reproduction 3 ...... 454–460 ...... 113 Ruminant Nutrition: General 4...... 244–250 ...... 114 Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiology, Fermentation, and Digestion 3 ...... 477–482 ...... 114 1:30 – 2:00 PM Animal Health 8 ...... 403–406 ...... 115 Production, Management, and the Environment 8 ...... 448–453 ...... 115 Reproduction 4 ...... 461–466 ...... 116 Ruminant Nutrition: General 5...... 251–257 ...... 116 OTHER EVENTS: Wednesday Afternoon Live Text Chats with Poster Presenters...... 117 SYMPOSIA: Wednesday Afternoon Animal Behavior and Well-Being Symposium: Translating Animal Welfare Science— Animal Experiences, Dairy Production Implications, and Societal Viewpoints ...... S167–S169 ...... 118 Breeding and Genetics Symposium: Crossbreeding ...... S147–S151 ...... 118 Reproduction Symposium: Prebreeding Predictors of Fertility ...... S173–S176 ...... 118 OTHER EVENTS: Wednesday Evening Closing Session: Outgoing and Incoming ADSA Presidents ...... 119

Author Index ...... 120

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 25 Presentations Without Live Discussions

POSTER PRESENTATIONS

Animal Behavior and Well-Being P100 Individual variation and reproducibility of infrared thermography of the eye and rectal temperature in dairy calves. M. Woodrum Setser*, M. Hayes, M. Cantor, G. Mazon, and J. H. C. Costa, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

P101 Wisconsin farmer-reported management strategies for individually vs. socially reared preweaned calves. F. L. M. Silva*1, J. Van Os1, C. Winder2, M. Akins1, T. Kohlman3, T. Ollivett4, H. Schlesser3, B. Schley3, S. Stuttgen3, and J. Versw- eyveld3, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Division of Extension, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 4School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

P102 Effects of airspeed from fans located above freestalls on heat stress and lying time. K. J. Reuscher*1, N. B. Cook2, M. R. Mondaca3, and J. M. C. Van Os1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 3Honorary Fellow, The Dairyland Initiative, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

P103 Effects of hutch ventilation on preference and heat stress in pair-housed dairy calves. K. J. Reuscher*, C. S. Yu, R. Salter, T. Bresolin, and J. M. C. Van Os, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wis- consin–Madison, Madison, WI.

P104 Impact of stationary brush quantity on brush use in group-housed dairy heifers. F. S. Baier*1, A. R. Gimenez1, K. M. Coel1, E. K. Miller-Cushon2, J. R. Dorea1, and J. M. C. Van Os1, 1University of Wisconsin–Madi- son, Madison, WI, 2University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P105 Early-life behavior of organic-certified Holstein heifer calves housed in pairs. A. Velasquez-Munoz* and P. Pinedo, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.

P106 Peripartum feeding behavior is related with onset of ovarian cyclicity in dairy cows with different dry period lengths. B. G. C. de Bruijn, A. Kok, J. Ma, and A. T. M. van Knegsel*, Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

P107 Effects of eliminating head lockup in stalls during transition period in a dairy farm: A case study. S. Paudyal1, J. Piñeiro*1,2, and L. Papinchak1, 1Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 2Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Amarillo, TX.

P108 Preferences of dairy cattle for supplemental light-emitting diode lighting in the lying area. A. M. Wilson*1, T. C. Wright2, J. P. Cant1, and V. R. Osborne1, 1Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P109 The effect of heat stress on behavior and milk production of dairy cows. Y. Ma*1, C. Shen1, K. Yang1, K. Shen1, D. Renaud2, D. Kelton2, T. Duffield2, and Q. Dong1, 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China 712100, 2Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P110 Assessing human-directed behavior in dairy calves reared with varying social contact. S. B. Doyle* and E. K. Miller-Cushon, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P111 Effect of pair-housing on calf health, intake, and growth performance. E. E. Lindner*1, K. N. Gingerich1, P. D. Krawczel2, and E. K. Miller-Cushon1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

P112 Association between personality traits and behavior in the home pen in group-housed dairy calves. K. N. Gingerich*, E. E. Lindner, and E. K. Miller-Cushon, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 26 P113 Assessment of the associations of management practices during the dry period and activity patterns in dairy cattle. A. A. Barragan*1, M. Shabloski1, E. Hovingh1, and L. da Costa2, 1Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 2Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P114 Temperament and dominance in confined beef cattle: Effect on feeding behavior, intake and performance. V. Fischer*, A. F. Bettencourt, A. T. Machado, I. D. V. Angelo, D. G. Adamich, C. S. Silva, J. A. Guimarães, L. S. Garcia, C. A. K. Ximenes, A. C. Vieira, and J. U. Tarouco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

P115 Attitudes and perspectives of Brazilian dairy farmers regarding the use of automated behavior recording and analysis systems. V. Fischer*1, A. C. Vieira1, M. E. A. Canozzi2, L. S. Garcia1, and J. T. Morales-Piñeyrúa2, 1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 2Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agropecuaria (INIA), Colonia, Uruguay.

P116 Evaluation of parity impact on social competition and feed efficiency in lactating cow. F. S. Baier*, M. J. Martin, S. J. Erb, G. J. Combs, K. A. Weigel, H. M. White, and J. M. C. Van Os, University of Wisconsin–Madi- son, Madison, WI.

P117 Coefficient of variation of daily lying bouts increases at parturition. J. M. Piñeiro*1, B. T. Menichetti2, and G. M. Schuenemann2, 1Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, Amarillo, TX, 2Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P118 Predicting pre- and postweaning performance of dairy calves: An investigation using precision technology data. M. C. Cantor*1, H. W. Neave2, M. M. Woodrum Setser1, and J. H. C. Costa1, 1Dairy Science Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 2Animal Behaviour and Welfare, AgResearch Ltd, Hamilton, New Zealand.

P119 Rumination and activity of cows with metritis treated with chitosan microparticles. J. G. Prim*1, E. B. de Oliveira2, A. Veronese1, R. C. Chebel1, and K. N. Galvão1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2University of California–Davis, CA.

P120 Accuracy of infrared temperatures taken from different anatomical regions on neonatal dairy calves. M. L. Pister*, K. N. Brost, C. A. Hayes, and J. K. Drackley, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.

Animal Health P121 Genetic relationship ofEscherichia coli isolated from the reproductive and gastrointestinal tracts of dairy cows pre- and postpartum. K. L. Jones*1, F. Cunha1, S. J. Jeon2, K. C. Jeong1, Y. Yang3, and K. N. Galvão1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Long Island University, Brookville, NY, 3Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

P122 Genes associated with immune function are downregulated in blood-derived neutrophils from periparturient cows. E. Asiamah*1, K. Ekwemalor2, S. Adjei-Fremah2, B. Osei3, and M. Work2, 1University of Arkansas, Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR, 2North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro NC, 3Oklahoma Medical Research Facility, Oklahoma City, OK.

P123 Effect of Holstein milk yield genotype on ex vivo innate immune response to lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid during the periparturient period. A. A. Brink*1, W. J. Weber1, J. D. Lippolis2, J. B. Cole3, S. M. Godden4, and B. A. Crooker1, 1Department of Animal Science, Uni- versity of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 2USDA-ARS National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, 3USDA-ARS Animal Genomics and Im- provement Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 4Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

P124 Whole-blood transcriptomic signature after 17 and 35 days of feeding OmniGen AF to prepartum Holstein cows. M. Garcia*, J. Chapman, and B. Humphrey, Phibro Animal Health Corporation, Teaneck, NJ.

P125 Effect of in vivo heat stress on respiration rate, rectal temperature, and blood mononuclear cell function of dairy cows ranked for immune response. S. Cartwright*1, J. Schmied1, M. McKechnie1, A. Livernois1,2, and B. Mallard1,2, 1Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veteri- nary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Centre of Genetics of Livestock Improvement, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P126 Persistent, transient or delayed hypocalcemia in Jersey cows: Associations with metabolites and milk production. A. M. Fillus*1, C. C. Baccili2, V. Gomes2, R. B. Navarro3, and R. Almeida1, 1Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, 3Capal Cooperativa Agroindustrial, Arapoti, Paraná, Brazil.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 27 P127 Calcium dynamics in blood and milk in dairy cows after calving. T. Aubineau*1,2, P. Gaignon3, M. Pocher1,2, R. Guatteo2, and A. Boudon3, 1GDS Bretagne, Rennes, France, 2BIOEPAR, INRAE, Oniris, Nantes, France, 3PEGASE, INRAE, Agrocampus Ouest, Saint-Gilles, France.

P128 Assessment of prevalence of ketosis in dairy cattle. C. Marquès*1, S. Calsamiglia1, A. Jubert2, J. Marxuach3, and L. Castillejos1, 1Servicio de Nutrición y Bienestar Animal, Dpto. Cien- cia Animal y de los Alimentos, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, 2Associació Lletera Interprofessional de Catalunya (ALLIC), Passeig de Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain, 3It Elazos, Barcelona, Spain.

P129 Association between transition diseases and changes in body condition score of Holstein cows. D. Manriquez*1, A. De Vries2, and P. Pinedo1, 1Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 2University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P130 Effects of dandelion supplements on lactation performance, antioxidative activity, and plasma metabolome in primiparous dairy cows. Y. Li*1, J. Wang1, B. Wang2, J. Liu1, and H. Liu1, 1College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.

P131 Effect of injectable trace mineral supplementation on peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte function, oxidative stress, health, and performance in dairy cows in semi-arid conditions. P. R. Menta*1, T. Silva1,2, I. Guimaraes1, D. Paiva1, L. Fernandes1, M. L. Celestino1, A. S. Netto2, M. A. Ballou1, and V. S. Machado1, 1Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 2University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

P132 Assessing the relationship between the metabolic health index and energetics, inflammation, and milk production in lactating Holstein cows. E. A. Horst*, C. Sousa, and L. Rodriguez, Innovative Liquids LLC, El Dorado Hills, CA.

P133 Transition Cow Index as a monitor of fresh cow health and performance in Brazilian dairy herds. D. C. Silva*1, J. K. Poncheki1, J. H. Carneiro1, J. A. Horst2, K. Nordlund3, and R. Almeida1, 1Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curi- tiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2Associação Paranaense de Criadores de Bovinos da Raça Holandesa, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 3University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

P134 Pattern of rumination time and physical activity captured by an ear-attached sensor around the time of clinical diagnosis of metritis and mastitis in dairy cows. C. Rial*1, A. L. Laplacette1, M. M. Perez1, C. C. Florentino2, F. Pena-Mosca2, L. Caixeta2, and J. O. Giordano1, 1Deparment of Ani- mal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

P135 Association of prepartum lying time with colostrum immunoglobulins and cortisol concentrations at calving and milk yield in Holstein dairy cows. B. T. Menichetti*1, A. Garcia-Guerra2, J. Lakritz4, W. P. Weiss3, J. S. Velez5, B. Bothe5, D. Merchan6, and G. M. Schuenemann1, 1Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 3Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 4Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 5Aurora Organic Farms, Boulder, CO, 6ABS Global Inc., DeForest WI.

P136 Prophylactic effect of dietary direct-fed Bacillus subtilis C-3102 on incidence of mastitis in dairy cows. H. Aso1,2, M. Urakawa1,2, T. Zhuang1,2, H. Sato3, N. Takada3, N. Ashida4, T. Imabayashi4, N. Otomo4, K. Watanabe1,2, T. Nochi1,2, and T. Marubashi*5, 1Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, 2CFAI, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, 3Miyagi Prefectural Livestock Experi- ment Station, Osaki, Miyagi, Japan, 4Asahi Biocycle Co. Ltd, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 5Calpis America Inc., Peachtree City, GA.

P137 The effects of intramammary ceftiofur hydrochloride and cephapirin benzathine antibiotic treatment at dry-off on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mitochondrial enzyme activity in Holstein cows. T. A. Batchelder*, A. M. Niesen, and H. A. Rossow, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA.

P138 Randomized clinical trial evaluating effects of an alternative dosing schedule for pegbovigrastim on mammary gland health and milk production. J. L. de Campos*1, J. Strickland2, J. Gandy2, C. Robison1, L. M. Sordillo2, and P. L. Ruegg2, 1Department of Animal Science, Michi- gan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

P139 Intramammary lipopolysaccharide infusion alters the fatty acid profile in blood triacylglycerides and phospholipids of lactating dairy cows. C. Lalonde*1, J. Kraft1, R. K. Choudhary1, D. E. Bourne1, E. M. Shangraw2, T. B. McFadden2, and F.-Q. Zhao1, 1University of Ver- mont, Burlington, VT, 2University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 28 P140 Changes in phospholipids in milk produced by dairy cows with clinical or subclinical mastitis in the first 21 days postpartum. H. K. Peterson*1, J. E. Williams1, S. P. Couvillion2, T. Kelley1, C. D. Nicora2, K. E. Mostoller2, B. M. Webb-Robertson2, E. S. Nakaya- su2, T. O. Metz2, E. L. Peterson3, M. K. McGuire4, and M. A. McGuire1, 1Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 2Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 3Peterson Dairy, Filer, ID, 4Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.

P141 Retinoic acid affects barrier integrity in bovine mammary endothelial cells. J. M. Strickland* and L. M. Sordillo, Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

P142 Comparison of cow-side tests to predict individual cow quarter SCC. L. A. Jacobsen*, A. M. Niesen, and H. A. Rossow, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA.

P143 Interactions of candidate gene expression and in vitro infection with Streptococcus uberis in bovine mammary epithelial cells. H. Malcomson*, E. Shepherd, and G. Pighetti,University of Tennessee, Department of Animal Science, Knoxville TN.

P144 Risk factors associated with intramammary infections in primiparous dairy cows in organic herds. L. Fernandes*1, M. L. Celestino1, P. R. Menta1, T. H. Silva1,2, D. Paiva1, T. L. Ribeiro1, L. S. Caixeta3, N. R. Noyes3, and V. S. Macha- do1, 1Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 2School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassunun- ga, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 3University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

P145 Characterization of clinical mastitis on Southern Brazilian dairy herds by severity score. S. T. Guerra*1, M. Poczynek2, G. C. Aguiar2, L. L. Damasceno1, C. D. Neufeldt1, L. Goltz1, H. P. Janssen1, E. M. Ribas1, G. F. M. Leão1, and R. Almeida2, 1Negócios Leite, Castrolanda Cooperativa Agroindustrial, Castro, Paraná, Brazil, 2Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.

P146 Investigating the use of a 7% iodine tincture based umbilical dip as a preventive management practice for umbilical infections in neonatal calves. M. Van Camp*1, C. Winder1, D. Gomez2, T. Duffield1, and D. Renaud1, 1Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P147 Supplementing preweaned dairy calves with smectite improves serum IgG concentration, and reduces mortality and antimicrobial treatments. A. Correa*1, A. Valldecabres1, M. Abreu1,2, and N. Silva-Del-Río1, 1Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Centre, Tulare, CA, 2Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Department of Animal Science, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.

P148 The effect of fish and canola oil on body weight, dry matter intake, serum haptoglobin and protectin on Holstein dairy calves. P. Melendez*1,2, C. Roeschmann3, A. Baudo1, S. Tao1, J. Bernard1, P. Pinedo4, F. Farcey1, A. Kalantari1, M. Coarsey1, Y.-Y. Mosley1, and H. Naikare1, 1University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 2Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, 3University of Chile, Santiago, Chile, 4Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.

P149 Evaluation of a probiotic program on prevention of diarrhea in organic-certified Holstein heifer calves. A. Velasquez-Munoz*1, N. Meza-Correa2, D. Manriquez1, and P. Pinedo1, 1Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 2Universi- dad Tecnologica de Pereira, Manizales, Colombia.

P150 Histological and ultrasound analysis of Holstein calf mammary gland development. A. Vang*, T. Bresolin, W. Frizzarini, J. Campolina, G. Rosa, L. Hernandez, and J. Dorea, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madi- son, WI.

P151 Factors associated with body weight of young dairy calves at arrival to veal facilities. C. Rot*, K. Creutzinger, H. Goetz, A. Bajus, M. Conboy, J. Morrison, C. Winder, and D. Renaud, Department of Population Medi- cine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P152 Characterizing the literature about transportation of young dairy calves: A scoping review. H. Goetz*, C. Winder, K. Creutzinger, T. Uyama, J. Dunn, D. Kelton, and D. Renaud, Department of Population Medicine, Univer- sity of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P153 Early detection of anaplasmosis in dairy calves using activity and rumination data from commercial devices. V. A. Teixeira1, A. M. Q. Lana1, G. M. Souza2, T. R. Tomich3, T. Bresolin4, J. P. P. Rodrigues5, L. C. Gonçalves1, S. G. Coelho1, L. D. Ferreira1, J. A. G. Silveira1, M. M. Campos2, E. J. Facury Filho1, L. G. R. Pereira*2,4, and J. R. R. Dorea4, 1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 2Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil, 3Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil, 4Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wiscon- sin, Madiosn, WI, 5Faculty of Animal Science, Federal University of the Southern and Southeastern Pará, Xinguara, PA, Brazil.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 29 P154 Impacts of Clostridia populations on dairy cows observed on a Wisconsin dairy. V. G. Bretl*, J. S. Thompson, R. F. Teal, A. H. Smith, and T. G. Rehberger, Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production, Wauke- sha, WI.

Breeding and Genetics P155 Machine learning algorithms for prediction of insemination outcome in historical data of Holstein cattle. L. Alcantara*1, D. Tulpan1, C. Baes1,2, and F. Schenkel1, 1Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

P156 Preliminary analysis for the genetic evaluation of leukosis in Canadian dairy cattle. R. Bongers*1, F. Miglior1, C. Lynch1, H. Oliveira1, N. van Staaveren1, and C. F. Baes1,2, 1Centre for Genetic Improvement of Live- stock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

P157 Characterization of copy number variants identified in Canadian Holstein dairy cattle using genotype array data. H. R. Oliveira*1, T. C. S. Chud1, G. A. Oliveira Júnior1, C. F. Baes1,2, and F. S. Schenkel1, 1Centre for Genetic Improvement of Live- stock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

P158 Contrast of immune cell lineage, hair, dam, and pooled colostrum genotypes in a newborn calf. T. Muratori*1, T. Ott1, A. Shabtay2, M. Cohen-Zinder2, E. Lipkin3, and C. Dechow1, 1Penn State University, University Park, PA, 2Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel, 3The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.

P159 The Resilient Dairy Genome Project: A project overview. N. van Staaveren*1, F. Schenkel1, E. Goddard2, G. Kistemaker3, M. De Pauw4, R. Cerri5, M. A. Sirard6, P. Stothard4, and C. F. Baes1,7, 1Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 3Lactanet, Guelph, ON, Canada, 4Department of Agriculture, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 5Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Département des Sciences Animals, Faculté des Sciences de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Université Laval, Quebec, QB, Canada, 7Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

P160 Estimates of genetic parameters for total lactational health costs in US organic Holstein cows. L. C. Hardie*1, I. W. Haagen1, B. J. Heins2, and C. D. Dechow1, 1Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN.

P161 Phenotypic parameters for Johne’s disease in Canadian dairy cattle. C. Lynch*1, H. R. Oliviera1, F. Miglior1,2, F. S. Schenkel1, and C. F. Baes1,3, 1Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Lactanet, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

P162 Genetic correlations among milk yield, electric conductivity, and flow in Holstein cattle in a robotic milking system -in San tiago de Querétaro, México. N. L. Cornejo García*1, M. D. Aguilar1, J. L. Romano Muñoz2, F. J. Ruíz López2, G. J. Cantó Alarcón1, and S. V. Eduardo1, 1Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - UAQ, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, México, 2Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal - INIFAP, Colón, Querétaro, México.

P163 The association between calf birth weight and postcalving cow performance in dairy cows. T. Condon*1, C. Murphy2, R. D. Slater2, S. Ring3, and D. P. Berry1, 1Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Center, Cork, Ireland, 2Munster Technology University, Cork, Ireland, 3Irish Cattle Breeding Federation, Cork, Ireland.

P164 Connecting cattle and human traits using genome-wide association study statistics. V. Iqbal* and L. Ma, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

P165 Identification of long noncoding RNA Bosin taurus calf rumen before and after weaning. A. Marceau*1, R. Baldwin2, C. Li2, G. Liu2, and L. Ma1, 1Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 2Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, Agricultural Research ServiceDA, Beltsville, MD.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 30 P166 Identifying genetic variants and pathways influencing twinning rate in North American Holstein cattle. B. M. Lett* and B. W. Kirkpatrick,University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

P167 EPIHAP: A computing tool for genomic estimation and prediction using global epistasis effects and haplotype effects. Z. Liang*, D. Prakapenka, and Y. Da, Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN.

P168 Genomic heritability and prediction accuracy of additive and nonadditive effects for daughter pregnancy rate in crossbred dairy cows. Z. Liang*1, D. Prakapenka1, P. VanRaden2, and Y. Da1, 1Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 2Animal Genomics and Improvement LaboratoryDA/ARS, Beltsville, MD.

P169 Genetic mechanisms of reproductive heterosis in crossbred dairy cows involve genome-wide additive and nonadditive- ef fects. D. Prakapenka*1, Z. Liang1, P. VanRaden2, J. Jiang4, L. Ma3, J. Garbe5, C. Maltecca4, P. Hansen6, and Y. Da1, 1Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 2Animal Genomics and Improvement LaboratoryDA/ARS, Beltsville, MD, 3Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 4Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 5Genomics Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 6Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P170 Genomic heritability and prediction accuracy of epistasis effects for production and fertility traits in US Holstein cattle. Z. Liang*, D. Prakapenka, and Y. Da, Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN.

P171 Genome-wide association study of epistasis effects associated with production and fertility traits in US Holstein cattle. D. Prakapenka*1, Z. Liang1, J. Jiang2, L. Ma3, and Y. Da1, 1Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 2Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 3Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

P172 Chromosomal partitioning of genetic parameters in Canadian Holstein bulls. G. Oliveira Junior*1, M. Spehar2, B. Perez3, I. Pocrnic5, L. Lara5, F. Schenkel1, C. Baes1,4, and G. Gorjanc5, 1Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Croatian Agricultural Agency, Zagreb, Croatia, 3Univer- sity of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil, 4Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 5University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.

P173 Identifying loci associated with foot warts and sole ulcers in Holstein cattle. E. Lai*, A. L. Danner, T. R. Famula, and A. M. Oberbauer, Department of Animal Science, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA.

Dairy Foods P174 Utilization of lactose-6-phosphate as an alternative to disodium phosphate for process cheese manufacture. K. A. Alsaleem*1,2, A. R. A. Hammam1, and L. E. Metzger1, 1South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2Food Science and Hu- man Nutrition Department, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.

P175 Textural properties of acid-set Queso Blanco cheese made with microfiltered milk products. K. J. Blake*, M. R. Sainani, and K. A. Schmidt, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.

P176 Effect of fat, moisture, storage temperature, and time on shreddability of mozzarella cheese and their relation to other textural properties. G. Rathod*1, S. Sutariya2, R. Kumar2, P. Upreti3, and J. Amamcharla1, 1Kansas State Univerisity, Manhattan, KS, 2Agropur, Apple- ton, WI, 3Nestlé Development Centre, Solon, OH.

P177 The effect of whey protein as a fat replacer on the physicochemical, microbiological, textural properties of Mozzarella cheese. D. Zhang* and N. P. Shah, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China.

P178 Evaluation of fatty acid profiles of domestic and imported varieties of cow, goat and sheep milk cheeses stored under -differ ent treatment regimens. Y. W. Park* and R. Paswan, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA.

P179 Comparison of lipolytic and proteolytic patterns of commercial cow, goat and sheep milk cheeses during 6 months of refrig- erated and frozen storage. R. Paswan*, A. Singh, and Y. W. Park, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 31 P180 Chemical and microbiological properties of traditional Egyptian cheeses. S. Awad* and A. Ibrahium, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

P181 Bacterial isolation and identification from Appenzeller swiss cheese surface with antibacterial and antifungal activities. R. D. Melendrez-Alvarez*, I. Garcia-Cano, A. C. Mayta-Apaza, J. Ortega-Anaya, and R. Jiménez-Flores, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P182 Evaluation of lactose oxidase as an inhibitor of Listeria monocytogenes in a laboratory-scale fresh cheese model. B. Flynn*, D. deRiancho, M. Lawton, and S. Alcaine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

P183 Long production days without intermittent cleaning and sanitation events alter the final microbial composition of aged Cheddar cheese. J. Johnson*, C. Curtin, and J. Waite-Cusic, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.

P184 Comparison of starter and nonstarter lactic acid bacteria of 15 aged Cheddar cheeses from different regions using next- generation sequencing. S. L. Overbeck*1, T. S. Oberg1, C. J. Oberg2,1, M. Lefevre1, and D. J. McMahon1, 1Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sci- ences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 2Department of Microbiology, Weber State University, Ogden, UT.

P185 Selective media for the isolation of Paucilactobacillus wasatchensis. C. Wahlstrom*1, M. Domek1, M. Culumber1, D. McMahon2, and C. Oberg1, 1Weber State University, Ogden, UT, 2Utah State University, Logan, UT.

P186 Paucilactobacillus wasatchensis WCD04 biofilm formation and adherence to stainless steel. L. Mejias*1, M. Culumber1, C. Oberg1, and D. McMahon2, 1Weber State University, Ogden, UT, 2Utah State University, Logan, UT.

P187 Gluconate metabolism by Paucilactobacillus wasatchensis is another risk factor for late gas production in aging cheese. K. Sorensen*1, C. Oberg1, T. Oberg2, M. Domek1, M. Culumber1, and D. McMahon2, 1Weber State University, Ogden, UT, 2Utah State University, Logan, UT.

P188 Depletion of galactose by galactose-positive lactose-negative protective cultures prevents gas formation byPaucilactobacil- lus wasatchensis in a model gas production test. D. McMahon*2, C. Oberg1, I. Green2, J. Broadbent2, and R. Thunell2, 1Weber State University, Ogden, UT, 2Utah State University, Logan, UT.

P189 Metabolic profiling ofLactilactobacillus curvatus WSU1 for antimicrobial metabolites. D. Leatham*1, T. Oberg2, R. Ward2, C. Oberg1, and D. McMahon2, 1Weber State University, Ogden, UT, 2Utah State University, Logan, UT.

P190 Screening of a food-grade antimicrobial from Lactococcus species of raw milk origin, and optimization of the antimicrobial activity. A. Ichinomiya*, S. Anand, R. Nauth, and V. Mistry, Dairy and Food Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

P191 Use of acid whey and bovine colostrum as potential sources of antimicrobial compounds. I. Garcia-Cano, A. Krentz, S. Badiger, D. Rocha-Mendoza*, E. Kosmerl, and R. Jiménez-Flores, The Ohio State University, Colum- bus, OH.

P192 Antibacterial activity produced by Bacillus velezensis GF 610 against common milk spores. X. Liu, I. Garcia-Cano*, D. Rocha-Mendoza, R. Jiménez-Flores, and A. Yousef, Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P193 Characterization of the fermentation and sensory profiles of novel yeast-fermented acid whey beverages. S. Luo*, D. deRiancho, T. Demarsh, and S. Alcaine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

P194 Production and sensory properties of fermented milk by Lactobacillus reuteri J1. Y. Zhang1, J. Zhao1, H. Zheng2, C. Man1, and Y. Jiang*1, 1Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China, 2Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Southeast Dairy Foods Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.

P195 Optimization of protoplast formation for the probioticLactobacillus acidophilus. R. Page* and K. Aryana, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 32 P196 Paenibacillus odorifer spoilage of fluid milk products and the potential impact of rework practices. C. Rush, S. Burroughs, J. Johnson, L. Meunier-Goddik, and J. Waite-Cusic*, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.

P197 Microbiological comparisons between milk sock filters and raw milk. B. Riesgaard*1, A. Torres1, J. Johnson1, C. Rush1, Z. Atamer1,2, and J. Waite-Cusic1, 1Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 2Uni- versity of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.

P198 Determination of an effective sanitizing procedure for Listeria innocua in personal protective equipment used in dairy facilities. K. A. Nieto*1, L. Sabillón1,2, B. Martínez1,2, J. Stratton1,2, and A. Bianchini1,2, 1Food Science and Technology, University of Nebras- ka-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2Food Processing Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE.

P199 Evaluation of the transmission ofListeria innocua from personal protective equipment (PPE) to the plant environment and food products. K. A. Nieto*1, B. Martínez1, J. Stratton1,2, and A. Bianchini1,2, 1Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2Food Processing Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE.

P200 Developing an affordable hyperspectral imaging system for rapid identification ofListeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in dairy products. P. Unger*, A. Sekhon, and M. Michael, Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

P201 Need for environmental monitoring programs in small dairy plants based on initial screening of Listeria spp. and monocytogenes. T. T. Lott*, R. D. Ralyea, S. E. Roof, A. S. Harrand, A. D. Zuber Gianforte, K. Ospina, A. Trmcic, N. Martin, and M. Wiedmann, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

P202 Fluid milk spoilage associated Paenibacillus spp. sporulation methods assessment and novel method development. S. J. Reichler*, N. H. Martin, and M. Wiedmann, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

P203 A gentle fluid milk bacterial cell isolation and purification procedure allowing for further applications, including light microscopy. S. J. Reichler*, N. H. Martin, and M. Wiedmann, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

P204 Survival and thermal resistance of Salmonella in dry and hydrated milk powders during storage period of 6 months. A. S. Sekhon*, A. Singh, P. Unger, Y. Yang, M. Babb, and M. Michael, Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

P205 Effect of extended storage on the survivability and thermal resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in dry milk powders. Y. Yang*, A. Sekhon, A. Singh, P. Unger, M. Babb, and M. Michael, Wasghinton State University, Pullman, WA.

P206 Determination of thermal inactivation parameters of Listeria monocytogenes in dry and hydrated milk powders. Y. Yang, A. Sekhon, A. Singh, P. Unger, M. Babb, and M. Michael*, Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

P207 Comparison of the decimal log-reductions of Salmonella Senftenberg with otherSalmonella serovars in nonfat milk and powder. A. S. Sekhon, A. Singh*, and M. Michael, Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

P208 Infrared spectroscopy as a screening tool for grass-fed status of Canadian dairy herds. M. Bahadi*1,2, D. Warner2, R. Lacroix2, and D. E. Santschi2, 1Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de- Bellevue, QC, Canada, 2Lactanet, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.

P209 Feasibility of mid-infrared and visible/near-infrared spectroscopy to authenticate organic bulk milk. C. L. Manuelian, V. Vigolo, A. Costa*, and M. De Marchi, University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy.

P210 Influence of incorporation of whey protein isolates on the physicochemical, rheological, and microstructural properties of nonfat yogurt. M. A. Hashim*1,2, L. A. Nadotchii1, A. Prockora1, and M. Muradova1, 1ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 2Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

P211 Synergistic and antagonistic ingredient interactions as a sugar reduction strategy. A. Riak*, R. Roberts, J. Hayes, G. Ziegler, and H. Hopfer, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

P212 Understanding casein-whey protein interactions in acid gels of fibrillated model milk protein concentrate using Förster reso- nance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy. G. Rathod*, D. Boyle, and J. Amamcharla, Kansas State Univerisity, Manhattan, KS.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 33 P213 Switchable solvents: A novel extraction method for milk phospholipids. K. Rathnakumar*1 and S. I. M. Monteagudo2, 1South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2New Mexico State University, New Mexico, NM.

P214 The effect of different heat treatment conditions on functional properties of polymerized liquid whey proteins. J. Wang and T. Fang*, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.

P215 Production of milk fat globule membrane-enriched ingredient derived from acid whey as potential healthful ingredient. M. Chrusciel*, J. Ortega-Anaya, and R. Jiménez-Flores, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P216 Biofilm formation in the milk sampling devices as a result of prolonged use in a dairy processing facility. R. Kalita*1,2 and S. Anand1,2, 1Midwest Dairy Foods Research Center, Minneapolis, MN, 2Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

P217 Effect of common dairy clean-in-place protocols on the surface roughness of stainless steel surfaces. T. Almalki*1,2 and S. Anand1,2, 1Midwest Dairy Food Research Center, Minneapolis, MN, 2Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

P218 Effect of plate-and-frame filtration temperature on the functionality of milk protein concentrate. A. Mishra*, A. R. Hammam, V. Sunkesula, and L. E. Metzger, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

P219 Fermentation of whey permeate usingBrettanomyces claussenii: Creating opportunities to develop value-added products. V. K. Rivera Flores*, T. A. DeMarsh, and S. D. Alcaine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

P220 Model fermentation of dairy effluents by Brettanomyces claussenii with lactose cleavage to create a value-added product. K. Jencarelli*, M. R. Lawton, and S. D. Alcaine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

P221 Optimizing lactose fermentations withBrettanomyces claussenii for production of value-added goods from dairy by-products. M. R. Lawton*, K. G. Jencarelli, and S. D. Alcaine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

Extension Education P222 Exploring intragroup variation as feeding management tool. J. P. A. Rezende*1, V. S. V. Dutra1, V. A. Oliveira1, P. Machado2, and M. A. C. Danes1, 1University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil, 2Instituto Clínica do Leite, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.

P223 Dairy producers’ perspective: Health and economic implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. N. Silva-del-Rio*1, J. Wenz2, F. C. Ferreira1, M. Chahine3, J. Dalton4, M. de Haro Marti5, M. Rovai6, and M. B. Abreu1,7, 1University of California–Davis, Tulare, CA, 2Washington State University, College of Veterinary, Pullman, WA, 3University of Idaho, Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, Twin Falls, ID, 4University of Idaho, Caldwell Research and Extension Center, Caldwell, ID, 5University of Idaho Extension Gooding County, Gooding, Gooding, ID, 6South Dakota State University, Dairy and Food Science Department, Brookings, SD, 7Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Department of Animal Science, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.

P224 Udder dissections give dairy employees a better understanding of milk production. M. Rovai*1, M. E. de Haro Martí2, and M. Chahine3, 1Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brook- ings, SD, 2University of Idaho Extension, Gooding, ID, 3Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences Department, University of Idaho, Twin Falls, ID.

P225 Assessing dairy employees’ mental health status in South Dakota: Workplace. L. Guifarro*1, L. Stallones2, J. Rosecrance3, and M. Rovai1, 1Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2Psychology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 3Environmental & Radiological Health Sci- ences Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.

P226 Use of energy drinks, alcohol, and tobacco by dairy farm employees. L. Guifarro* and M. Rovai, Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

P227 Assessing dairy employees’ mental health status in South Dakota: Family and community. L. Guifarro*1, L. Stallones2, J. Rosecrance3, and M. Rovai1, 1Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2Psychology Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 3Environmental & Radiological Health Sci- ences Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 34 P228 Idaho DHIA supervisor job satisfaction and interest in testing more cows. J. C. Dalton*, University of Idaho, Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences Department, Caldwell Research and Extension Center, Caldwell, ID.

Forages and Pastures P229 Effect of growing degree-days and dry matter at harvest of whole-plant corn silage on total-tract neutral detergent fiber digestibility. E. Giugge*1, J. L. Monge2, and F. Bargo3, 1Grupo Chiavassa, Carlos Pellegrini, Santa Fe, Argentina, 2Universidad Nacional Villa María, Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina, 3Universidad de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina.

P230 Type of harvester impacts on corn silage quality in Brazilian dairy farms. G. F. M. Leão*, E. R. Gaida, C. D. Neufeldt, L. L. Damasceno, D. E. Moreira, P. H. M. Santana, A. A. Meierjurgen, C. J. Risden, H. P. Janssen, and E. M. Ribas, Negócios Leite, Castrolanda Cooperativa Agroindustrial, Castro, PR, Brazil.

P231 Effect of kernel breakage on the fermentation profile, N fractions, and in vitro starch digestibility of whole-plant corn silage and ensiled corn grain. B. A. Saylor*1, E. C. Diepersloot1, C. Heinzen Jr.1, C. L. McCary2, and L. F. Ferraretto1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P232 Effects of tillage system and cutting height at harvest on dry matter yield, chemical composition, and digestibility of forage maize. O. I. Santana*1, A. Peña-Ramos1, J. I. Sanchez-Duarte2, and A. Reyes-Gonzalez2, 1INIFAP Campo Experimental Pabellon, Pabellon de Arteaga, AGS, Mexico, 2INIFAP Campo Experimental Laguna, Matamoros, COAH, Mexico.

P233 Influence of the inclusion of passion fruit waste in forage maize silage. I. Espinoza*1, M. Romero1, A. Barrera1, A. Sanchez1, M. Medina1, G. Muñoz1, E. Torres1, Y. Torres1, M. Barros2, and L. Montene- gro1, 1Universidad Tecnica Estatal de Quevedo, Quevedo, Los Rios, Ecuador, 2Universidad Tecnica de Ambato, Ambato, Tungura- hua, Ecuador.

P234 Effects of microbial inoculation and variety on fermentation profile of whole-plant sorghum silage under short-term fermentation. M. R. Pupo*1, E. C. Diepersloot1, L. G. Ghizzi2,3, J. O. Gusmão2,4, C. Heinzen Jr.1, C. L. McCary2, M. O. Wallau5, and L. F. Ferraretto1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 2Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 3Department of Animal Nutrition and Animal Production, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil, 4Department of Animal Sciences, University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil, 5Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P235 Effects of hybrid, season and trait on nutrient composition, dry matter yield, and predicted milk production of whole-plant sorghum grown in Florida. M. R. Pupo*1, C. Heinzen Jr.1, M. O. Wallau2, and L. F. Ferraretto1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wis- consin, Madison, WI, 2Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P236 Effect of down corn plants on fermentation profile and nutrient composition in whole-plant corn forage and silage. E. C. Diepersloot*1, J. P. Goeser2, G. R. Dahlke3, D. Meyer2, and L. F. Ferraretto1, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madsion, WI, 2Rock River Laboratory Inc., Watertown, WI, 3Iowa Beef Center, Ames, IA.

P237 Effects of the fungicide application on corn silage quality in dairy farms. G. F. M. Leão*, R. G. Oliveira, F. P. Basco, L. Goltz, S. T. Guerra, J. S. Ribas, H. P. Janssen, and E. M. Ribas, Negócios Leite, Castro- landa Cooperativa Agroindustrial, Castro, PR, Brazil.

P238 Projected impact of future climate conditions on the agronomic performance of 4 binary alfalfa-grass mixtures in Quebec dairy farms. C. Payant*1, G. Jego2, V. Ouellet1, P. Grenier3, G. F. Tremblay2, G. Bélanger2, and É. Charbonneau1, 1Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Quebec, QC, Canada, 3Ouranos, Montreal, QC, Canada.

P239 Effects of planting density on nutritive value and in situ dry matter degradability of alfalfa cultivars adapted to the -south eastern United States. S. S. Lee*1,3, E. F. Rios2, A. Anju2, and D. Vyas3, 1Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea, 2Agronomy Department, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 3Department of Animal Sciences, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 35 P240 Effects of seeding intensity and cutting on the nutritional quality of grass-legume mixtures. K. V. Almeida*1, L. H. P. Silva1,2, J. P. Sacramento1, D. C. Reyes1, R. G. Smith1, N. Warren1, and A. F. Brito1, 1University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY.

P241 Effect of grazing fall-stockpiled tall fescue, meadow fescue, or orchard grass on heifer growth and greenhouse gas production. K. G. Wells*1, M. A. Wattiaux1, D. M. Pizarro1, J. S. Cavadini2, and M. S. Akins1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Marshfield Agricultural Research Station, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Stratford, WI.

P242 Effect of defoliation frequency around flowering time on the productivity and nutritive value of tall fescue. J. C. Marrero1,2, F. A. Lattanzi1, C. Cajarville2, F. Díaz*3, and J. M. Arroyo1,4, 1Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Colonia, Uruguay, 2Instituto de Producción Animal de Veterinaria, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la Republica, Liber- tad, San José, Uruguay, 3Dellait Dairy Research Center, Brookings, SD, 4Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

P243 Physiochemical alterations during germination of hydroponically sprouted cereal grains. S. Jenkins*1 and F. Diaz2, 1HydroGreen Incorporated, CubicFarm Systems Corporation, Sioux Falls, SD, 2Dellait Dairy Research Center, Brookings, SD.

Growth and Development P244 Sodium butyrate and monensin supplementation to postweaned heifer diets: Effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and health. T. C. Stahl*1, E. Hatungimana1, K. D. Klanderman2, S. C. Moreland2, and P. S. Erickson1, 1University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Adisseo USA, Inc., Alpharetta, GA.

P245 Growth, feed efficiency, and health of female Holstein calves cooled during the preweaning period. A. B. Montevecchio*1, W. Frota1, V. R. Merenda1, J. G. Martin III2, and R. C. Chebel1, 1Department of Large Animal Clinical Sci- ences & Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Dairy Design Engineers, Gainesville, FL.

P246 Growth performance and apparent total-tract nutrient digestibility of limit-fed diets containing wet brewer’s grains to Hol- stein heifers. E. Hatungimana*, T. C. Stahl, and P. S. Erickson, University of New Hampshire, Durham NH.

P247 Effect of storage of wet brewer’s grains with incremental levels of salt on in vivo total-tract nutrient digestibility and purine derivative excretion in dairy heifers. E. Hatungimana*, T. C. Stahl, and P. S. Erickson, University of New Hampshire, Durham NH.

P248 Body weight and average daily gain of one-year-old Holstein heifers supplemented with colostrum replacer. M. O. Moura*1, V. Chiogna Junior2,1, M. C. Rodrigues1, M. Dias1, and E. A. Collao-Saenz1, 1Universidade Federal de Jatai, Jatai, Goias, Brazil, 2Milk Mais Consultoria, Rio Verde, Goias, Brazil.

P249 Evaluation of body dimensions as predictors of body weight in slick- and wild-type–haired Puerto Rican Holstein calves. H. L. Sánchez-Rodríguez*, I. Colón-Rodríguez, N. M. Cruz-González, N. K. Pérez-Rosario, A. D. Ramos-Gerena, D. Y. Vega-Mar- tínez, J. D. López-Colón, and K. Domenech-Pérez, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.

P250 Growth patterns in slick and wild-type–haired Puerto Rican female Holstein calves. I. Colon-Rodríguez*, K. Domenech-Pérez, N. M. Cruz-González, N. K. Pérez-Rosario, A. D. Ramos-Gerena, D. Y. Vega-Martínez, J. D. López-Colón, and H. L. Sánchez-Rodríguez, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.

Lactation Biology P251 Postpartum milk yield and immunoglobulin concentration, and factors related to colostrum quality at quarter level in dairy cows after parturition. E. C. Kessler1, G. C. Pistol1,2, R. M. Bruckmaier1, and J. J. Gross*1, 1Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 2Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Institute for Research and Development in Animal Biology and Nutrition, Ilfov, Romania.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 36 P252 Different microRNA contents between mammary epithelial cells and milk fat globules is not a random process? C. Leroux*1, K. Pawlowski1,3, D. Lago-Novais1,4, C. Bevilacqua2, L. Mobuchon1,2, N. Crapart2,5, Y. Faulconnier1, S. Bes1, C. Boby1, G. Carvalho4, and P. Martin2, 1INRAe-UMRH, Saint Genès-Champanelle, France, 2INRAe-Gabi, Jouy-en-Josas, France, 3University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, 4Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil, 5Excilone, Elancourt, France.

P253 Comparison of miRNome from cow milk fat fraction and mammary gland tissue during inflammation. C. Leroux*1, P.-A. Billa1, K. Pawlowski1,2, S. Bes1, J. Pires1, and Y. Faulconnier1, 1INRAe-UMRH, Saint Genès-Champanelle, France, 2University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.

P254 Influence of nutrients in milk on the in vitro growth of major bovine mastitis pathogens. R. Stürmlin1, J. J. Gross1, O. Wellnitz1, L. A. Wagner1, C. Monney2, A. Oevermann2, and R. M. Bruckmaier*1, 1Veterinary Physiol- ogy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 2Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

P255 Yes-associated protein expression of mammary epithelial cells from mammary glands subjected to increased milking frequency. G. Perez-Hernandez*, K. Tate, K. D. Hardin, C. Parsons, R. M. Akers, and B. A. Corl, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

P256 Intramammary infection prevalence and mammary secretion characteristics of primigravid dairy heifers. L. R. Larsen*1, P. H. Baker1, K. M. Enger1, L. E. Moraes2, and B. D. Enger1, 1The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P257 Effect of increased milking frequency during early lactation on bovine mammary epithelial cell differentiation. G. Perez-Hernandez*, K. Tate, K. D. Hardin, C. Parsons, R. M. Akers, and B. A. Corl, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

P258 Proteomic analysis of the xanthosine-treated lactating goat mammary gland. S. Choudhary1, S. Kumar2, A. K. Mohanty2, R. K. Gandham3, and R. K. Choudhary*1, 1College of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, 2Animal Biotechnology Center, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India, 3National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

P259 An improved method for isolating epithelial cells from lactating dairy cow secretory tissue. A. C. Hruby*1, I. A. M. A. Teixeira2, and M. D. Hanigan1, 1Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 2Depart- ment of Animal Science, UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brazil.

P260 Prepartum feeding of X-Zelit increases blood ionized calcium and colostrum IgG concentrations. J. P. Campolina*1, W. S. Frizzarini2, P. L. J. Monteiro2, A. Vang2, and L. L. Hernandez2, 1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizontes, MG, Brazil, 2University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

Physiology and Endocrinology P261 Branched-chain amino acids and branched-chain ketoacids alter lipid metabolism and triacylglycerol content in primary liver cells enriched with hepatocytes. K. Gallagher*, J. Laguna, and Z. Zhou, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

P262 Different feeding conditions and their relationship with milk and blood urea nitrogen contents in Brown Swiss and Holstein dairy cows. E. C. Kessler, R. M. Bruckmaier, and J. J. Gross*, Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

P263 Responsiveness of bovine patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 and transcription factors to fatty acids. S. Erb* and H. White, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

P264 Effect of 3 prepartum dietary strategies to manage calcium on ionized calcium concentrations of Holstein cows. W. Frizzarini*1, J. Campolina2, A. Vang1, P. M. Junior1, and L. Hernandez1, 1University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 2Federal Uni- versity of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

P265 Effects of peripartum omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on endocannabinoid tone and inflammation in liver of dairy cows. G. Kra1,2, U. Moallem1, R. Kocvarová3, A. Nemirovski3, J. Tam3, G. A. Contreras4, and M. Zachut*1, 1Agriculture Research Orga- nization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel, 2Faculty of Agriculture, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel, 3Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel, 4Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 37 P266 Elevated circulating serotonin alters immune cell expression of serotonin receptor and metabolism genes in the lactating dairy cow. M. Connelly* and L. Hernandez, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

P267 Temporal profiles of plasma T3, T4, and insulin in dairy cows fed diets containing soybean meal or canola meal at 2 protein concentrations during early lactation. J. Kuehnl*1, S. Moore1, and K. Kalscheur2, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madi- son, WI, 2U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI.

P268 Effect of medium-chain fatty acids added to milk replacer on growth performance in calves. A. Inukai*1, R. Osawa2, K. Konda3, T. Okimura4, T. Takeuchi5, M. Jindo6, N. Nakamura7, K. Nishimura8, Y. Ueno9, K. Murayama10, K. Sakamoto11, N. Isobe13, S. Kushibiki12, K. Kawashima1, T. Sugino13, 1Chiba Prefectural Livestock Research Center, Chiba, Japan, 2Saitama Prefectural Agricultural Technology Research Center, Saitama, Japan, 3Kanagawa Prefectural Livestock Industry Tech- nology Center, Kanagawa, Japan, 4Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center, Toyama, Japan, 5Ishikawa Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, Ishikawa, Japan, 6Yamanashi Prefectural Livestock and Dairy Technology Center, Yamanashi, Japan, 7Shimane Prefectural Livestock Technology Center, Shimane, Japan, 8Miyazaki Livestock Research Institute, Miyazaki, Japan, 9Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan, 10ZENRAKUREN, Fukushima, Japan, 11YP Tech Co, Tokyo, Japan, 12Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan, 13The Research Center for Animal Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.

P269 Inflammatory and immunological responses of Holstein dairy cows around dry-off and calving. T. N. Marins*1, J. Gao1,2, J. O. S. Calix1, Z. Qi2, J. K. Bernard1, and S. Tao1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 2Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.

P270 Feeding rumen-protected lysine affects hepatic transcription of genes related to inflammation and oxidative stress -in Hol stein cows during the transition period. L. K. Fehlberg*1, A. R. Guadagnin1, B. L. Thomas1, Y. Sugimoto2, I. Shinzato2, and F. C. Cardoso1, 1University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

P271 Whole-body mineral trafficking following immune activation. J. Opgenorth*1, E. J. Mayorga1, M. A. Abeyta1, S. Rodriguez-Jimenez1, B. M. Goetz1, A. D. Freestone1, C. H. Stahl2, and L. H. Baumgard1, 1Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

P272 Alterations in one-carbon metabolism due to methionine supplementation and lipopolysaccharide challenge in Holstein fetal liver explants. A. Aboragah*, Y. Liang, D. N. Coleman, and J. J. Loor, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.

P273 Effects of amino acids and hyperinsulinemic clamp on plasma concentrations and mammary extraction of energy substrates. V. Pszczolkowski*1, H. Hu1, J. Zhang1,2, M. Connelly1, A. Munsterman1,3, and S. A. Apelo1, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China, 3Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

P274 Metabolic alterations of heat-stressed and pair-fed lactating dairy cows during a hyperketonemic clamp. S. Rodriguez-Jimenez*1, E. J. Mayorga1, M. A. Abeyta1, B. M. Goetz1, J. Opgenorth1, A. D. Freestone1, N. Reisinger2, J. Faas2, and L. H. Baumgard1, 1Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2BIOMIN Research Center, Tulln, Austria.

P275 Identification of prepartum plasma lipid biomarkers for postpartum metabolic risk in Holstein dairy cows. J. E. Rico*2,1 and J. W. McFadden1, 1Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

P276 Role of dietary Ca and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on gastrointestinal absorption of Ca in ruminants. A. Vieira-Neto*1, P. R. Menta2, C. DeWit2, L. Fernandes2, A. C. M. Silva3, F. X. Amaro3, M. A. Ballou2, V. S. Machado2, and J. E. P. Santos3, 1Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 3University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P277 Effects of peripartum supplementation with omega-3 from flaxseed or fish oil on expression of inflammatory genes in- sev eral tissues of dairy cows. U. Moallem*1, G. Kra1,2, L. Lifshitz1, N. Nemes-Navon1,2, S. Druker2, and M. Zachut1, 1Department of ruminants Science, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel, 2Department of Animal Science, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.

P278 Proteomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from postpartum dairy cows supplemented peripartum with omega-3 fatty acids from flaxseed or fish oil. G. Kra*1,2, N. Nemes-Navon1,2, J. R. Daddam1, Y. Levin3, U. Moallem1, and M. Zachut1, 1Agriculture Research Organization, Vol- cani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel, 2Faculty of Agriculture, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel, 3The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 38 Production Management, and the Environment P279 Economic viability and benchmarking associated with dairy farms in Brazil. J. De Souza Pinheiro*1 and M. I. Marcondes1,2, 1Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

P281 Profitability and environmental performance of Quebec dairy farms when 4 binary alfalfa-grass mixtures are compared under future climate conditions. C. Payant*1, G. Jégo2, V. Ouellet1, P. Grenier3, G. F. Tremblay2, G. Bélanger2, D. Pellerin1, A. Vanasse1, and É Charbonneau1, 1Uni- versité Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Quebec, QC, Canada, 3Ouranos, Montreal, QC, Canada.

P282 Low milk fat test in confinement and pasture-based systems: Forage source and content? M. N. Méndez*1,3, L. Grille2, M. Oborsky3, V. Rodríguez2, L. Olazábal4, J. P. Damián5, and P. Chilibroste3, 1Red Tecnológica Secto- rial, Montevideo, Uruguay, 2Facultad de Veterinaria, Paysandú, Uruguay, 3Facultad de Agronomía, Paysandú, Uruguay, 4Labo- ratorio Tecnológico del Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay, 5Facultad de Veterinaria, Montevideo, Uruguay.

P283 A 16S-metagenomic analysis of compost-bedded pack barns in dairy farms from Argentina. J. L. Monge*1, L. Palma2,1, and C. Peralta1, 1Universidad Nacional Villa María, Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina, 2Consejo Nacio- nal de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

P284 Low milk fat test in confinement and pasture-based systems: Unsaturated fatty acids? L. Grille*1, M. N. Méndez2,4, V. Rodríguez1, L. Olazábal3, M. Oborsky2, J. P. Damián5, and P. Chilibroste2, 1Facultad de Veterinaria, Paysandú, Uruguay, 2Facultad de Agronomía, Paysandú, Uruguay, 3Laboratorio Tecnológico del Uruguay, Montevideo, Uru- guay, 4Red Tecnológica Sectorial, Montevideo, Uruguay, 5Facultad de Veterinaria, Montevideo, Uruguay.

P285 Properties of alternative bedding materials for compost-bedded pack barns. R. A. Black*1 and B. M. Karle2, 1University of California Cooperative Extension, Santa Rosa, CA, 2University of California Coop- erative Extension, Orland, CA.

P287 Predicting dairy cattle heat stress using machine learning techniques. C. A. Becker*, A. Aghalari, M. Marufuzzaman, and A. E. Stone, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

P288 Performance and welfare of Nili Ravi buffaloes subjected to different cooling strategies during subtropical summer. M. Bah1,3, M. A. Rashid2, K. Javed1, T. N. Pasha2, and M. Q. Shahid*1, 1Department of Livestock Management, University of Vet- erinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, 2Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, 3School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of The Gambia, Serekunda, Republic of The Gambia.

P289 The evaluation of different spraying frequencies on cooling effects for cows in summer. Z. Guo1, S. Gao1, L. Ma1, L. Baumgard2, and D. Bu*1, 1Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian, Beijing, China, 2Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

P290 Cooling ameliorates the decrease of milk protein of lactating Holstein cows under heat stress. S. T. Gao1, Z. T. Guo1, L. H. Baumgard2, L. Ma1, and D. P. Bu*1, 1Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sci- ences, Beijing, China, 2Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

P291 Performance of Holstein × Gyr crossbred heifers supplemented with increasing crude protein levels in the supplement. M. M. D. Castro*1, P. V. F. Correia1, M. M. Ferreira1, A. F. Machado1, and M. I. Marcondes2, 1Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, MG, Brazil, 22Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

P292 Effect of a feed additive blend of chestnut and quebracho extracts, and saponins on the milk malondialdehyde concentration in dairy cows. L. M. Luque*1, F. M. Masía1,2, M. B. Pedraza1, M. Larrauri1,2, J. M. Baeck3, C. Cabral3, and A. R. Castillo4, 1Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, 2CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina, 3Silvafeed S.A, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 4University of California, Merced, CA.

P293 Production costs, economic viability, and risks associated with compost-bedded pack, freestall, and drylot systems in tropi- cal dairy farms. J. De Souza Pinheiro*1 and M. I. Marcondes1,2, 1Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil, 2Washington State Univer- sity, Pullman, WA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 39 P294 Weight at calving relative to mature body weight rather than age at first calving affects milk production in primiparous Holstein cows. M. R. Lauber*, M. S. Akins, P. D. Carvalho, and P. M. Fricke, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin– Madison, Madison, WI.

P295 Effects of body condition score at calving, parity and calving season on performance of dairy cows and their offspring. M. Poczynek1, I. F. Carrari1, J. H. Carneiro1, G. F. M. Leão2, and R. Almeida*1, 1Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2Negócios Leite, Castrolanda Cooperativa Agroindustrial, Castro, Paraná, Brazil.

P296 Screening of macroalgae species for enteric methane mitigation effect in vitro. D. E. Wasson*1, H. Stefenoni1, S. Welchez1, C. Lage1, S. Räisänen1, A. Melgar1, M. Fetter1, C. Yarish2, and A. N. Hristov1, 1The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2The University of Connecticut, Stamford, CT.

P297 Effects of dietary betaine on body temperature indices, performance, and metabolism of dairy heifer calves during summer hot conditions. M. Al-Qaisi*1, M. Abuajamieh1, M. A. Abdel-Majeed1, M. A. Alnimer1, R. Irshaid1, A. Abdelqader1, H. H. Titi1, A. A. Al-Fataftah1, and L. H. Baumgard2, 1Department of Animal Production, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, 2Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

P298 Dairy cattle body weight estimation using surveillance cameras. H. Liu1, M. Ramesh1, J. P. Boerman*2, and A. R. Reibman1, 1School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.

P300 How Brown Swiss milk production and quality can be affected by heat waves. A. Maggiolino*1, V. Landi1, N. Bartolomeo2, U. Bernabucci3, A. Rossoni4, and P. De Palo1, 1Department of Veterinary Medicine, Bari, Italy, 2Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Bari, Italy, 3Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, Viterbo, Italy, 4Italian Brown Breeders Association, Bussolengo, Italy.

P301 A bi-seasonal evaluation of somatic cell count, production measures, hygiene scores, and bedding cultures of Holstein cows housed in a compost-bedded pack barn. G. Mould, M. Hollis, and J. Carter*, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN.

P302 Assessing the response of ruminal bacterial and fungal microbiota to whole-rumen contents exchange in dairy cows. M. S. Cox*1,2, C. L. DeBlois1, and G. Suen1,2, 1Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Mi- crobiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

P303 Fatty acid composition changes with stage of lactation and subclinical mastitis. S. C. Allen*1, D. M. Barbano2, B. E. Faulkner1, D. H. Poole1, M. A. Drake1, J. Odle1, and S. H. Ward1, 1North Carolina State Univer- sity, Raleigh, NC, 2Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

P304 The impact of season on daily rhythms of body temperature and milk synthesis. K. Kamau*1, R. Bomberger2, K. Harvatine2, and I. Salfer1, 1University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 2The Pennsylvania State Univer- sity, University Park, PA.

P305 Effects of dietary butyrate supplementation and oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration on performance, inflammation, and metabolites in transition dairy cows. L. E. Engelking*, D. J. Ambrose, and M. Oba, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

P306 Dairy producer attitudes towards calf rearing. E. R. Russell*, M. A. G. von Keyserlingk, and D. M. Weary, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

P307 Adoption of precision technologies by Brazilian dairy farms: The farmer’s perception. R. R. Silvi1, L. G. R. Pereira*2,5, C. A. V. Paiva2, T. R. Tomich2, V. T. Amorim3, S. G. Coelho3, J. P. Sacramento4, M. M. Campos2, F. S. Machado2, R. E. P. Ferreira5, and J. R. R. Dorea5, 1Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil, 2Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation–Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil, 3Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 4Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, São João Del Rei, MG, Brazil, 5Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

P308 Effect of propylene glycol and vitamin 12B treatment on concurrent subclinical hyperketonemia and hypoglycemia in early postpartum dairy cows. A. Hubner*1, I. F. Canisso1, P. M. Peixoto1, W. M. Coelho Jr.1, L. Ribeiro1, B. M. Aldridge1, and F. S. Lima2, 1Department of Vet- erinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 40 P309 Association of metabolic status with postpartum health disorders diagnosed by farm personnel. A. Hubner*1, I. F. Canisso1, P. M. Peixoto1, W. M. Coelho Jr.1, L. Ribeiro1, B. M. Aldridge1, and F. S. Lima2, 1Department of Vet- erinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA.

P310 Economics of fixed-timed artificial insemination with or without sexed semen in a high-producing, pasture-based dairy production system in Ireland. D. P. Walsh*, P. Lonergan, A. G. Fahey, and M. Wallace, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dub- lin, Ireland.

P311 Edge processing approaches for behavior classification of grazing cows. B. R. dos Reis*1, D. Fuka2, Z. Easton2, and R. White1, 1Department of Animal Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 2Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

P312 Evaluation of a protocol for the treatment of metritis in a northwest Texas dairy herd. J. A. Garcia Buitrago*1, G. R. Hagevoort1, E. R. Ellen2, and E. A. Taylor3, 1Department of Animal and Ranch Sciences, Dairy Exten- sion Program, New Mexico State University, Clovis, NM, 2Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 3Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.

P313 Assessing best herd management practices in commercial dairy farms using on-farm records. D. Warner*, R. Lacroix, J. Gunn, and D. E. Santschi, Lactanet, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.

P314 Characterization of metabolic profile of Holstein dairy cows diagnosed with concurrent hyperketonemia and hypoglycemia. A. Hubner*1, I. F. Canisso1, P. M. Peixoto1, W. M. Coelho Jr.1, L. Ribeiro1, B. M. Aldridge1, P. Menta2, V. S. Machado2, and F. S. Lima3, 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 3Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA.

P315 Effects of an acidified diet prepartum on performance of Holstein cows and validation of 2 pH strips to measure urine pH. L. K. Fehlberg*1, A. Pineda2, and F. C. Cardoso1, 1University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P316 Increased calving rate reduced pre- and postpartum dry matter intake and milk yield in Holstein dairy cows. G. M. Schuenemann*1, B. T. Menichetti1, and J. Fontana2, 1Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State Uni- versity, Columbus, OH, 2Departamento de Zootecnia y Granja, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.

Reproduction P317 Association of cyclicity and estrus alerts using activity monitors in dairy cows. T. A. Burnett*, A. M. L. Madureira, A. B. Montevecchio, and J. Bauer, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

P318 Trace-mineral supplementation reduces early pregnancy losses on an in vitro embryo production program. R. V. Sala*1, E. Peralta2, L. Carrenho-Sala1, M. Fosado2, D. C. Pereira3, and V. A. Absalón-Medina1,4, 1STgenetics, South Charleston, OH, 2STgenetics, Kewaskum, WI, 3STgenetics, De Forest, WI, 4The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P319 The relative relationship between type 1/type 2 immunity and fertility in Holstein cows. W. Sandberg1, A. Ahmadzadeh*1, P. Rezamand1, and Q. Huo2, 1University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 2University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL.

P320 Luteal regression, follicle growth, and time to ovulation in dairy heifers treated with different formulations of prostaglandin

F2α. S. G. Umana Sedo*1, C. C. Figueiredo1, T. D. G. Rojas1, G. A. Duarte1, M. B. U. Ugarte Marin1, C. A. Crawford1, K. G. Pohler3, R. C. Chebel1, T. R. Bilby2, and R. S. Bisinotto1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Merck Animal Health, Madison, WI, 3Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.

P321 Association of estrous expression detected by an automated activity monitoring system within 40 days in milk and reproductive performance of lactating Holstein cows. S. Borchardt*1, C. Tippenhauer1, J.-L. Plenio2, A. Bartel2, A. Madureira3, R. Cerri3, and W. Heuwieser1, 1Clinic of Animal Repro- duction, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

P322 Effects of feeding rumen-protected lysine prepartum on placental immunometabolic gene expression of Holstein cows. A. R. Guadagnin*1, L. K. Fehlberg1, B. Thomas1, Y. Sugimoto2, I. Shinzato2, and F. C. Cardoso1, 1University of Illinois, Department of Animal Sciences, Urbana, IL, 2Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 41 P323 Associations between anogenital distance and measures of fertility in lactating North American Holstein cows: A validation study. J. E. Carrelli*1, M. Gobikrushanth1,2, M. Corpron3, W. Sandberg3, A. Ahmadzadeh3, M. Oba1, and D. J. Ambrose4,1, 1Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Department of Large Animal Clini- cal Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, 3Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Uni- versity of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 4Livestock and Crops Research Branch, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

P324 Effects of dietary butyrate supplementation and oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration to transition cows on indicators of uterine inflammation and days to first ovulation. L. E. Engelking*, M. Oba, and D. J. Ambrose, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

P325 Effect of a high dose of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) at the first GnRH of the Resynch-25 on ovulatory response and fertility in lactating Holstein cows. I. M. R. Leão*1, M. S. El Azzi1,2, E. Anta-Galván1, T. Valdés-Arciniega1, and J. P. N. Martins1, 1Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil.

P326 Effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administered at the time of AI for dairy cows detected in estrus by an activity monitoring system or by conventional estrus detection. A. Hubner*1, I. F. Canisso1, P. M. Peixoto1, A. J. Conley2, and F. S. Lima2, 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA.

P327 Pregnancy loss is preceded by elevated pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB) in recipients of somatic cell nuclear-transfer embryos but preceded by reduced PSPB in recipients of IVF embryos. G. Madureira*1,5, G. Grillo1,2, V. Gomez-Leon1,3, J. P. Andrade1, M. Fosado4, R. Sala4, R. Sartori5, M. Mello2, and M. Wiltbank1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 2Departamento de Reproducao e Avaliacao Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropedica, RJ, Brazil, 3Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 4Sexing Technology, Kewaskum, WI, 5Department of Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.

P328 Impacts of transition health on reproductive performance based on detection of estrus in dairy cows. T. C. Bruinjé*1, E. I. Morrison1, D. Renaud1, E. S. Ribeiro2, and S. J. LeBlanc1, 1Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P329 Impact of systemic and uterine inflammation on luteal function in postpartum dairy cows. T. C. Bruinjé*1, E. I. Morrison1, D. Renaud1, E. S. Ribeiro2, and S. J. LeBlanc1, 1Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P330 Repeatability of anogenital distance measurements at different ages and physiological states in dairy cattle. I. Rajesh*1, M. Gobikrushanth1,2, J. E. Carrelli1, M. Oba1, and D. J. Ambrose1,3, 1University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, 3Alberta Agriculture & Forestry, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

P484 Association between conceptus length and endometrial transcriptome on day 17 of gestation in dairy cows. P. M. Peixoto*1, J. J. Broomfield1, E. S. Ribeiro2, J. E. P. Santos1, W. W. Thatcher1, and R. S. Bisinotto3, 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P485 Transcriptome changes associated with elongation of bovine conceptuses. P. M. Peixoto*1, J. J. Broomfield1, E. S. Ribeiro2, J. E. P. Santos1, W. W. Thatcher1, and R. S. Bisinotto3, 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P486 Effects of 1 or 2 prostaglandin 2αF injections on luteal function and pregnancy outcome in dairy cows resynchronized with a 5-d + CIDR protocol. W. J. Sandberg*1, K. Carnahan1, P. Villamediana1, W. Price2, D. Konetchy1, and A. Ahmadzadeh1, 1University of Idaho, Animal Sci- ence, Moscow, ID, 2Statistical Programs, College of Agricultural & Life Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.

P488 Use of a cow-side immune test to improve prediction of metritis. J. Prim*1, Q. Huo2, A. Mirzaei1, K. Galvao1, and R. Chebel1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 42 Ruminant Nutrition: Calves and Heifers P331 Consumption of milk containing antibiotic residues increases the occurrence of fecalEscherichia coli antimicrobial resistance in dairy calves. H. C. Diniz Neto1, S. G. Coelho1, S. F. Vieira1, J. P. Campolina*1, and M. M. Campos2, 1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 2Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.

P332 Effects of feeding whole milk, waste milk, and pasteurized waste milk on the development of the gastrointestinal tract of dairy bull calves. H. C. Diniz Neto1, S. G. Coelho1, S. F. Vieira1, J. P. Campolina*1, and M. M. Campos2, 1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 2Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.

P333 Oregano extract fed to preweaned dairy calves alters rumen bacteria microbiota. V. Fischer*1, L. A. Ritt1, C. Orso1, A. K. Silveira1, J. Frazzon1, and D. P. Vargas2, 1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 2University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz, RS, Brazil.

P334 Replacement of corn grain by reconstituted corn grain silage in the concentrate for dairy calves: Effects on intake and performance pre- and postweaning. S. C. Dondé, A. F. Toledo, A. P. Silva, M. D. Silva, J. P. G. Bernardes, R. Y. L. Ricci, E. A. Fioruci, G. F. Virgínio Jr, and C. M. M. Bit- tar*, Department of Animal Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.

P335 Replacement of corn grain by reconstituted corn grain silage in the concentrate of dairy calves: Effects on rumen fermentation and development. S. C. Dondé, A. F. Toledo, A. P. Silva, M. G. Coelho, A. M. Cezar, R. Y. L. Ricci, N. Jeronymo, R. C. Silva, and C. M. M. Bittar*,Dept. Animal Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.

P336 Validation of an automatic system for monitoring dairy calf weight and starter intake during the preweaning phase. M. E. Reis1, R. C. Silva1, R. S. Budoya1, R. Y. L. Ricci1, A. P. Silva1, A. F. Toledo1, A. M. Cezar1, N. N. Morais Jr2, G. G. S. Salvati1, and C. M. M. Bittar*1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, 2Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Colatina, ES, Brazil.

P337 Heart girth measurements to estimate body weight of growing and mature Holstein-Friesian cattle. C. E. Bailey* and J. M. Moorby, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK.

P338 Effects of feeding rumen-protected lysine to Holstein cows prepartum on their calves’ serum metabolites and immune function. A. R. Guadagnin*1, L. K. Fehlberg1, B. Thomas1, Y. Sugimoto2, I. Shinzato2, and F. C. Cardoso1, 1University of Illinois, Department of Animal Sciences, Urbana, IL, 2Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

P339 Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation on growth performance of preweaned dairy calves: A systematic review and meta-analysis. R. B. Lopes*1, C. B. Winder2, C. Bernal-Córdoba1, and N. Silva-del-Río1, 1University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, 2University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P340 Performance of calves fed calf starter diets formulated with varying starch sources due to differing corn ingredient inclusion rates from birth to 8 weeks of age. E. Dufour*1, D. Ziegler2, H. Chester-Jones2, B. Ziegler1, and A. Golombeski1, 1Hubbard Feeds, Mankato, MN, 2University of Min- nesota Southern Research and Outreach Center, Waseca, MN.

P341 Performance of postweaned heifer calves limit-fed grain mixes formulated with inorganic or organic trace minerals and additives with free-choice hay. E. Dufour*1, D. Ziegler2, H. Chester-Jones2, B. Ziegler1, and A. Golombeski1, 1Hubbard Feeds, Mankato, MN, 2University of Min- nesota Souther Research and Outreach Center, Waseca, MN.

P342 Performance of calves pre- and postweaning fed pelleted calf starters formulated with select additives and/or differing energy sources. D. Ziegler*1, E. Dufour2, B. Ziegler2, and A. Golombeski2, 1University of Minnesota, Waseca, MN, 2Hubbard Feeds, Mankato, MN.

P343 Performance and health of calves pre- and postweaning fed milk replacers formulated with alternative fat sources. D. Ziegler*1, H. Chester-Jones1, C. Soderholm2, B. Hansen2, and O. Drehmel2, 1University of Minnesota, Waseca, MN, 2Milk Specialties Global, Eden Prairie, MN.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 43 P344 Fecal bacteriome in dairy calves fed milk replacer supplemented with beta-glucans. G. F. Virgínio Jr1, M. E. Reis1, A. P. Silva1, A. F. Toledo1, L. Greco2, H. Montenegro1, L. L. Coutinho1, and C. M. M. Bittar*1, 1Depart- ment of Animal Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, 2Kemin Animal Nutrition & Health Division South America, Valinhos, SP, Brazil.

P345 Performance of calves fed milk replacer and calf starter diets formulated with inorganic or organic trace minerals and additives from birth to 8 weeks of age. E. Dufour*1, D. Ziegler2, H. Chester-Jones2, B. Ziegler1, and A. Golombeski1, 1Hubbard Feeds, Mankato, MN, 2University of Min- nesota Southern Research and Outreach Center, Waseca, MN.

P346 Plasma glucose peak after feeding and fructosamine concentration as an indirect indicator of ruminal development in dairy calves. A. M. Cezar, A. P. Silva, C. R. Tomaluski, M. G. Coelho, S. C. Dondé, N. Jeronymo, M. B. Carvalho, A. F. Toledo, G. F. Virginio Jr, and C. M. M. Bittar*,Dept. Animal Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.

P347 Benefits of straw as a forage for dairy calves before and after weaning. G. Antúnez*1, A. Bach2,3, C. Cajarville4, M. Vidal2, F. Fàbregas2, M. Ahangarani5, and M. Terré2, 1Bovine Production- IPAV, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, San José, Uruguay, 2Department of Ruminant Production, IRTA, Caldes de Montbui, Spain, 3Marlex, Sant Cugat de Vallès, Spain, 4Animal Nutrition-IPAV, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, San José, Uruguay, 5College of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Irán.

P348 Effects of butyrate and medium-chain fatty acids supplementation on growth performance and metabolic response in dairy calves. K. Murayama*1,2, K. Sakamoto3, K. Inouchi1, and T. Sugino2, 1Dairy Technology Research Institute, The National Federation of Dairy Co-operative Associations (ZEN-RAKU-REN), Nishi-shirakawa, Fukushima, Japan, 2The Research Center for Animal Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan, 3YPTECH Co., Ltd, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

P349 Effects of limited forage supplementation on the intake, rumen fermentation, growth, and health condition in preweaning dairy calves. J. Zhang*, Y. Cao, and J. Yao, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

P350 Impact of pork plasma on growth and health of Holstein calves: A randomized clinical trial. D. Wood*1, R. Blome1, L. Ribeiro1, A. Keunen2, B. Keunen2, J. Crenshaw3, J. Campbell3, and D. Renaud4, 1Animix, Juneau, WI, 2Mapleview Agri, Palmerston, ON, Canada, 3APC, Ankeny, IA, 4Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

P351 Postweaning performance growth of dairy calves is affected by preweaning feeding management. J. Santillan1,2, F. Frank3, J. M. Cantet4,5, R. A. Palladino5, and F. Bargo*5, 1Tinamu Dairy Farm, General Levalle, Córdoba, Argen- tina, 2Graduate School UIB (INTA–FCA UNMdP), Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 3Veterinary private practice, Argentina, 4Conicet, Argentina, 5FIL–UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

P352 Growth performance and development of the mammary gland of Holstein calves in northern Mexico fed preweaning milk with 15% solids and treated postweaning with growth promoters. E. Carrillo-Moreno*1, M. Mellado1, E. Carrillo2, E. Perez-Rebolloso3, D. Carrillo-Moreno1, and F. G. Veliz1, 1Universidad Autóno- ma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torreón, Coahuila, México, 2Instituto Tecnológico de Torreón, Torreón, Coahuila, México, 3Centro de Bachillerato Tecnológico Agropecuario N°47, León Guzmán, Durango, México.

P353 Effects of different feed types on the growth performance, rumen fermentation, and microbial community in preweaning dairy calves. J. Zhang*1,2, J. Shang1, Y. Wang1, Z. Cao1, and S. Li1, 1College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, 2College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

Ruminant Nutrition: Carbohydrates and Lipids P354 Relative plasma bioavailability of omega-3 fatty acids derived from rumen-protected fish oil in lactating Holstein dairy cows. J. E. Rico1,2, V. Sáinz de la Maza-Escolà*1,3, P. Deme4, N. J. Haughey4, R. Gervais5, and J. W. McFadden1, 1Cornell University, Itha- ca, NY, 2University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 3University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 4Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 5Université Laval, Québec, Canada.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 44 P355 Effects of abomasal infusions of fatty acids and one-carbon donors on milk fatty acids in lactating cows. J. E. Rico1, A. Javaid*1, W. A. Myers1, R. Gervais2, and J. W. McFadden1, 1Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.

P356 Effects of choline, lipopolysaccharide, and docosahexaenoic acid on the lipidome of bovine precision-cut liver slices. J. E. Rico*2,1, V. Sáinz de la Maza-Escolà3, W. A. Myers1, B. N. Tate1, C. Chang1, and J. W. McFadden1, 1Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 3Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

P357 Effect of calcium salts varying in oleic acid content on nutrient digestibility and oleic acid disappearance in continuous -cul ture fermenters. J. de Souza*1, B. Wenner2, and N. St-Pierre1, 1Perdue Agribusiness, Salisbury, MD, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P358 Productivity and nutrient digestibility of cows fed malt extract replacing ground corn. M. Bugoni*, A. T. Nunes, R. G. Chesini, P. C. Vittorazzi Junior, N. T. S. Grigoletto, C. Takiya, G. Gomes da Silva, and F. P. Rennó, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.

P359 Effect of production level of dairy cows on the fatty acid profile of milk fat: A meta-analysis. J. M. dos Santos Neto* and A. L. Lock, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

P360 Interaction of dietary unsaturated fatty acid level and acetate supply on milk fat production in Holstein cows. A. N. Staffin*, R. Bomberger, C. Matamoros, S. L. Bennett, and K. J. Harvatine, Penn State University, University Park, PA.

P361 Effect of C16:0 supplementation at different lactation stages on production responses of dairy cows: A meta-analysis. J. M. dos Santos Neto* and A. L. Lock, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

P362 Effect of feeding palmitic acid on milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows: A meta-regression. J. de Souza*1, J. M. dos Santos Neto2, and A. L. Lock2, 1Perdue AgriBusiness, Salisbury, MA, 2Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

P363 Effect of prilled saturated fats or calcium salts of fatty acids on feed intake and milk production: A meta-analysis. F. Díaz*, J. Sánchez-Duarte, and N. Garcia, Dellait Dairy Research Center, Brookings, SD.

P364 Effect of palmitic acid supplementation on lactating dairy cow performance. F. Díaz*, J. Sánchez-Duarte, A. Garcia, and N. Garcia, Dellait Dairy Research Center, Brookings, SD.

P365 Effect of dietary lipid supplementation on milk production and composition by dairy ruminants. W. B. Gallardo*, L. E. Oliveira, and I. A. M. A. Teixeira, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.

P366 Effects of medium-chain fatty acid supplementation on performance and rumen fermentation of lactating dairy cows. M. Burdick* and M. Oba, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

P367 Effect of a coated omega-3 source on the performance and fertility of dairy cows in a commercial farm. L. Royo*, M. Puyalto, and J. J. Mallo, Norel SA, Madrid, Spain.

P368 Effects of branched-chain amino acids on rumen branched-chain fatty acids profile during in vitro ruminal fermentation. L. Sun1, L. Liu2, T. Brenna3, Z. Wu1, L. Ma1, J. Xu4, and D. Bu*1, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China, 2Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China, 3Dell Pediatric Research Institute and the Depts of Nutrition and of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 4Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.

P369 In vitro evaluation of a novel technology used to protect polyunsaturated fatty acids from ruminal biohydrogenation. J. P. Russi*2, P. Dieter1, and A. Relling1, 1The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 2One Idea LLC, Merced, CA.

P370 Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) fresh fruit as new feed source: II. Effect on milk antioxidant capacity, milk metabolites, and fatty acid profiles in lactating dairy cows. M. T. Meselu1, L. Zhao1, L. Sun1, L. Ma1, T. Callaway3, J. Xu2,5, and D. Bu*1,4, 1Institute of Animal Science, Beijing, China, 2Kun- ming Institute of Botany, Kunming, China, 3University of Georgia, Athens, 4Joint Laboratory on Integrated Crop-Tree-Livestock Systems of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) and World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), Beijing, China, 5World Agroforestry Centre East and Central Asia, Kunming, China.

P371 Abomasal infusions of oleic acid and an exogenous emulsifier alter production responses of lactating dairy cows. J. M. dos Santos Neto*, C. M. Prom, and A. L. Lock, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 45 Ruminant Nutrition: General P372 Effect of adding different levels of fibrolytic enzyme solution on degradability and kinetics of whole-crop faba bean silage. J. Yang*1, D. A. Christensen1, H. (B.) Lardner1, V. H. Guevara-Oquendo1, B. Refat1, O. AlZahal2, and P. Yu1, 1Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agricultural and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, 2AB Vista, Ruminant R&D, Marlborough, United Kingdom.

P373 Feeding a novel probiotic and nitrate: Effects on milk yield and nutrient utilization in dairy cows. D. C. Reyes*1, E. A. Latham2, R. C. Anderson3, J. P. Sacramento1, L. H. Silva1,4, Y. Geng1,5, and A. F. Brito1, 1Department of Agricul- ture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Bezoar Laboratories LLC, Bryan, TX, 3Food and Safety Research Unit, USDA-ARS, College Station, TX, 4Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Western Kentucky Univer- sity, Bowling Green, KY, 5Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.

P374 Feeding a novel probiotic and nitrate: Effects on 4CH emissions and rumen fermentation in dairy cows. D. C. Reyes*1, E. A. Latham2, R. C. Anderson3, J. P. Sacramento1, L. H. Silva1,4, Y. Geng1,5, and A. F. Brito1, 1Department of Agricul- ture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Bezoar Laboratories, LLC, Bryan, TX, 3Food and Safety Research Unit, USDA-ARS, College Station, TX, 4Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Western Kentucky Univer- sity, Bowling Green, KY, 5Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.

P375 Impact of dietary carbohydrate profile on the dairy cow rumen meta-proteome. B. Mulakala*1, K. Smith2, M. Snider1, A. Ayers1, M. Honan1, and S. Greenwood1, 1The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 2William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, Chazy, NY.

P376 Impacts of dietary fiber content on rumination time and milk fatty acid composition. S. C. Allen*1, D. M. Barbano2, D. H. Poole1, W. C. Porter1, M. A. Drake1, J. Odle1, and S. H. Ward1, 1North Carolina State Univer- sity, Raleigh, NC, 2Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

P377 Dynamic of particles in the reticulorumen of growing dairy goats. Y. C. T. Taguti*1, M. Gindri2, and I. A. M. de Almeida Teixeira1, 1UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, 2UMR Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, Paris, France.

P378 Ionized magnesium concentration in fresh whole blood and stored blood serum samples of grazing cows. M. O. Moura*, D. Regalin, K. Ogliari, E. A. Q. de Lima, S. P. C. Teles, and E. A. Collao-Saenz, Universidade Federal de Jatai, Jatai, GO, Brazil.

P379 Effect of exogenous glucoamylase on in situ and in vitro dry matter and starch degradability of cereal grains. L. Mu*1, K. Arriola1, K. Almeida1, I. Fernandez1, C. N. de Guzman1, G. Hao1, H. Sultana1, F. Amaro1, A. Oyebade1, C. Heinzen1, J. Gusmao1, W. Li2, S. Yu3, and D. Vyas1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Danisco Animal Nutrition, International Flavors and Fragrances Inc., Wilmington, DE, 3Danisco Animal Nutrition, International Flavors and Fragrances Inc., Aarhus, Denmark.

P380 Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on corpus luteum function in dairy cows. J. D. Iorio*1, R. A. Palladino3,4, N. A. Farnetano4, L. E. Quintero Rodriguez4, J. M. Anchordoquy4, J. P. Anchordoquy4, M. F. Olm- eda3, J. Simoni1, M. G. Aguirre1, F. Bargo3, and M. Giuliodori2, 1University of Buenos Aires, School of Agriculture, Buenos Aires City, BA, Argentina, 2National University of La Plata, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata, BA, Argentina, 3University of Lo- mas de Zamora, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Lomas de Zamora, BA, Argentina, 4National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Argentina.

P381 Pyruvate carboxylase knockdown alters lactate oxidation in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells. L. M. Beckett*, J. Laguna, S. Hilger, and S. S. Donkin, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.

P382 Mitochondrial function during early and late lactation, of Holstein cows under 3 different productive systems. G. Cañibe*1, M. Garcia-Roche1, A. Casal2, A. Jasinsky2, and M. Carriquiry1, 1Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay, 2Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Facultad de Agronomía, Estación Dr. Mario A. Cassinoni, Universidad de la República, Paysandú, Uruguay.

P383 Predicting dry matter intake in dairy cows from ear tag-based estimates of chewing activity. L. M. Campos*1, V. L. Daley2, A. G. Morales1, J. M. Prestegaard1, and M. D. Hanigan1, 1Dairy Science Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 2Purina Animal Nutrition Center - Land O’Lakes, Gray Summit, MO.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 46 P384 Effect of prepartum dietary cation-anion difference strategy and level of dietary calcium (Ca) on postpartum Ca status and performance of multiparous Holstein cows. G. Graef*1, A. Kerwin1, L. Ferro1, S. Ordaz-Puga1, C. Ryan1, T. Westhoff1, D. Barbano1, K. Glosson2, K. Zanzalari2, J. Chapman2, D. McLean2, and T. Overton1, 1Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2Phibro Animal Health Corp., Teaneck, NJ.

P385 Effect of reduced dietary levels of proteinated trace minerals on peripheral neutrophil activity in transition cows. G. Gomes da Silva*1, N. T. S. Grigoletto1, T. A. Del Valle2, A. T. Nunes1, R. G. Chesini1, P. C. Vittorazzi Junior1, K. R. Santos3, C. F. Batista3, A. M. M. P. Della Libera3, C. S. Takiya1, J. Pettigrew4, A. F. Koontz5, L. F. Costa e Silva5, and F. P. Rennó1, 1Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil, 2Unipampa, Itaqui, RS, Brazil, 3Veterinary Clinical Immunology Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, 4James Pettigrew Consulting, Nicholasville, KY, 5Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY.

P386 Influence of methodology on estimated neutral detergent fiber from continuous culture fermenter effluent. H. L. Maggard*, K. M. Mitchell, and B. A. Wenner, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P387 Effect of dietary metabolizable protein level on digestion and ruminal fermentation of Holstein and Ayrshire dairy cows. F. Hassanat*1, C. Benchaar1, K. A. Beauchemin2, D. R. Ouellet1, H. Lapierre1, and C. Côrtes3, 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethrbridge Re- search and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada, 3Agrinova, Alma, QC, Canada.

P388 Annual rhythms of milk and milk fat and protein in dairy cattle in Brazil. T. S. Silveira1,2 and R. Almeida*1, 1Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Bovinos da Raça Holandesa, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.

P389 Effect of replacing a portion of inorganic chloride trace minerals with AvailaDairy on peripartum performance. A. L. Kerwin*1, G. M. Graef1, C. M. Ryan1, L. Ferro1, S. O. Puga1, T. A. Westhoff2, D. M. Barbano3, D. H. Kleinschmit4, and T. R. Overton1, 1Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2Department of Population Medicine and Diagnos- tic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 3Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 4Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN.

P390 Effect of replacing a portion of inorganic chloride trace minerals with AvailaDairy on health and reproductive outcomes. A. L. Kerwin*1, G. M. Graef1, C. M. Ryan1, L. Ferro1, S. O. Puga1, T. A. Westhoff2, D. H. Kleinschmit3, and T. R. Overton1, 1Depart- ment of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 3Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN.

P391 Effect of forage type on lactation performance and feed efficiency with 2 breeds of dairy cattle. H. C. Wilson* and K. F. Kalscheur, US Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI.

P392 Alternate method for feeding behavior monitoring of dairy cows in a Calan Broadbent Feeding System using a 3-axis data logging accelerometer. C. Matamoros*, R. Bomberger, and K. Harvatine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

P393 Evaluation of bioavailability of different sources of rumen-protected choline in lactating dairy cows. P. Piantoni*, M. Messman, R. Rodrigues, C. Chapman, and G. Schroeder, Cargill Animal Nutrition and Health Innovation Center, Elk River, MN.

P394 Partitioning variation in mineral concentrations of dry cow total mixed rations on commercial dairy farms. B. A. Saylor*1, E. Lynch2, D. Sawyer2, M. A. Wattiaux1, J. P. Goeser2, and L. F. Ferraretto1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sci- ences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Rock River Laboratory Inc., Watertown, WI.

P395 Effects of high-protein corn distillers grains with and without yeast or manipulation of dietary cation-anion difference on production and nutrient digestibility of lactating dairy cows. M. Rodriguez*1, H. Zynda1, J. Copelin1, L. Rebelo1, W. Weiss1, M. Wilken2, and C. Lee1, 1The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 2ICM Inc., Colwich, KS.

P396 Prokaryotic community structure in dual flow continuous cultures varying in forage, corn oil and branched-chain volatile fatty acids concentrations. K.E. Mitchell*1, B. A. Wenner1, C. Lee2, T. Park3, M. T. Socha4, and J. L. Firkins1, 1Department of Animal Sciencesr, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 3Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea, 4Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 47 P397 Feeding legume-based forages: Effects on N utilization in dairy cows. J. P. Sacramento*2,1, L. H. P. Silva3, D. C. Reyes1, Y. Geng4,1, and A. F. Brito1, 1University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Federal University of São João del Rei, São João del Rei, MG, Brazil, 3Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, 4Institute of Agri- cultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR, China.

P398 Energy of lactating dairy cattle fed increasing inclusion of new high-protein processed corn product. A. L. Carroll*1, D. L. Morris1, P. J. Kononoff1, and M. L. Jolly-Breithaupt2, 1University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2Flint Hills Resources, Wichita, KS.

P399 Feeding legume-based forages: Effects on milk yield, nutrient digestibility, and methane emissions in dairy cows. J. P. Sacramento*2,1, L. H. P. Silva3, D. C. Reyes1, Y. Geng4,1, and A. F. Brito1, 1University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Federal University of São João del Rei, São João del Rei, MG, Brazil, 3Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, 4Institute of Agri- cultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR, China.

P400 Effects of supplemental calcium gluconate on mid-lactation Holstein cow productivity. S. T. Quanz*1, L. K. Mamedova1,2, K. E. Griswold3, S. K. Kvidera3, R. S. Fry3, and B. J. Bradford1,2, 1Kansas State University, Man- hattan, KS, 2Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 3Micronutrients, Indianapolis, IN.

P401 Effect of dietary metabolizable protein level on enteric methane production and milk production of Holstein and Ayrshire dairy cows. C. Benchaar1, F. Hassanat*1, K. A. Beauchemin2, H. Lapierre1, D. R. Ouellet1, and C. Côrtes3, 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethrbridge Re- search and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada, 3Agrinova, Alma, QC, Canada.

P402 Relationship between enteric methane and feeding behavior, digestibility, and nitrogen partitioning in Holstein and Jersey cows. O. I. Santana*1,3, M. E. Uddin2,3, and M. A. Wattiaux3, 1INIFAP Campo Experimental Pabellon, pabellón de Arteaga, AGS, Mexico, 2University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, 3University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

P403 Effect of a commercial transition cow pack on colostrum IgG concentration and productive performance of multiparous Holstein cows. L. G. Plazas1, L. E. Muñoz2, J. Ruiz1, E. Bernal*2, J. A. Velásquez1, and M. G. Zenobi3, 1Agrícola Santa María, Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia, 2Spin Colombia SAS, Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia, 3Balchem Corp., New Hampton, NY.

P404 Testing palatability of hydrolyzed feather meal and solutions to increase preference for it in lactating Jersey cows. K. Buse*, J. Hill, and P. J. Kononoff, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE.

P405 Effects of magnesium source and buffer inclusion on fermentation profile in a dual-flow continuous culture system. B. C. Agustinho*1,2, A. Ravelo1, J. R. Vinyard1, R. R. Lobo1, E. Sarmikasoglou1, J. Arce-Cordero1, H. F. Monteiro1, E. R. Q. Vieira3, S. Bennett4, C. Stoffel5, and A. P. Faciola1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Department of Animal, Veterinary & Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 3Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do To- cantins, Araguaína, TO, Brazil, 4Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences, University Park, PA, 5Papillon Agricultural Company, Easton, MD.

P406 Effects of different levels of vitamin A supply on production and blood parameters of transition cows. M. Rodriguez*1, W. Weiss1, B. Enger1, K. Lee2, and C. Lee1, 1The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P407 Relationship between attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy protein molecular structure features in cool-climate adapted faba bean seeds and biodegradation and nutritional properties in dairy cows. G. Deng*1,2, M. E. Rodríguez-Espinosa1, X. Feng1,2, H. Zhang2, and P. Yu1, 1Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, 2College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China.

P408 Effects of probiotics supplementation on ruminal and plasma metabolome of early-lactation dairy cows: Targeted metabolomics approach. A. Oyebade*1, A. Adesogan1, D. Vyas1, and I. Ogunade2, 1University of Florida, Gainesvile, FL, 2West Virginia University, Morgan- town, WV.

P409 Integrative hepatic metabolomics and proteomics reveal insights into the metabolic changes in dairy cows during the transition period. J. Zhang*1,2, N. Gaowa1, S. Li1, Z. Cao1, H. Yang1, and Y. Wang1, 1College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China, 2College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 48 P410 Diversity of active ureolytic bacteria in the rumen of dairy cows: Comparison of complementary DNA and genomic DNA. L. Sijia1,2, Z. Nan1,2, Z. Shengguo*1,2, and W. Jiaqi1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.

P411 Novel anionic supplement in prepartum dairy cow rations for healthy parturition and early lactation. J. R. Knapp1, T. Takagi2, R. S. Reed2, and P. G. Summer*2, 1Fox Hollow Consulting LLC, Lewisburg, OH, 2Ajinomoto Health & Nutri- tion North America, Itasca, IL.

P412 Evaluation of heats of combustion of fiber contained in feed and fecal samples. J. D. Stypinski*1, P. J. Kononoff1, W. P. Weiss1, and K. K. Buse1, 1University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P413 Effect of supplementing dairy cows withBacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate on health, culling, reproductive performance and metabolic parameters. A. Lago*1, M. Morales2, T. Harris2, C. Moore2, G. Camacho1, K. Patel1, R. Lopes3, and N. Silva-del-Rio3, 1DairyExperts Inc., Tulare, CA, 2Kemin Industries Inc., Des Moines, IA, 3UC Davis VMTRC, Tulare, CA.

P414 Effects of feeding low-tannin whole-crop faba bean silage on lactational performance in high-producing dairy cows. V. H. Guevara-Oquendo*, D. A. Christensen, J. J. McKinnon, B. Tar’an, and P. Yu, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Col- lege of Agricultural and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

P415 Effects of reducing dietary cation-anion difference on milk production and milk fatty acid composition of lactating dairy cows. H. M. Zynda*1, J. E. Copelin1, W. P. Weiss1, F. Sun2, and C. Lee1, 1The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 2Origination O2D, Woodbury, MN.

P416 Effect of a blend of essential oils on dairy cows’ milk performance, efficiency, and methane emissions. G. Forgeard*1, A. Lemesle1, Q. Bulcke2, PH Pomport2, and Y. Python2, 1Techna France Nutrition, Couëron, France, 2Experimental Farm AgroParisTech, Thiverval-Grignon, France.

P417 Effect of supplementing dairy cows withBacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate on milk yield and components. A. Lago*1, M. Morales2, T. Harris2, C. Moore2, G. Camacho1, K. Patel1, R. Lopes3, and N. Silva-del-Rio3, 1DairyExperts Inc., Tulare, CA, 2Kemin Industries Inc., Des Moines, IA, 3UC Davis VMTRC, Tulare, CA.

P418 Feeding Sweet Bran, a branded modified wet corn gluten feed, to lactating dairy cows: A meta-regression. K. C. Krogstad*1, R. J. Tempelman1, C. Abney-Schulte2, and B. J. Bradford1, 1Department of Animal Science, Michigan State Uni- versity, East Lansing, MI, 2Cargill Corn Milling, Blair, NE.

P419 Evaluation of the effectiveness of the air fryer to determine dry matter in forages and diets for dairy cattle. J. Granados-Niño1, J. Sánchez-Duarte1,2, O. I. Santana2,3, J. Espino-Martínez1, M. López-Calderón1, A. Garcia4, and F. Diaz*4, 1FAZ- UJED, Durango, México, 2INIFAP, Coahuila, México, 3INIFAP, Aguascalientes, México, 4Dellait Dairy Research Center, Brookings, SD.

P420 Effect of zinc source on fecalTreponema spp. in ad libitum-fed or feed-restricted lactating dairy cows. B. A. Wenner*1, T. Park2, K. Mitchell1, S. K. Kvidera3, K. E. Griswold3, E. A. Horst4, and L. H. Baumgard4, 1Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 3Micronutrients USA LLC, Indianapolis, IN, 4Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

P421 Zearalenone hydrolyase ZenA (ZENzyme) degrades zearalenone in rumen of dairy cows. J. Faas*1, M. Killinger1, A. Höbartner-Gußl1, B. Doupovec1, D. Schatzmayr1, T. Hartinger2, Q. Zebeli2, and G. Vogtentanz1, 1BIO- MIN Research Center, Tulln, Austria, 22 Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

P422 Responses in blood metabolites and immune status of transition dairy cows supplemented with coated choline chloride. L. Royo*1, M. Puyalto1, J. J. Mallo1, G. Elocoso2, J. Ragues2, and A. Bach3, 1Norel SA, Madrid, Spain, 2Blanca from the Pyrenees, Hostalets de Tost, Spain, 3Marlex Recerca i Educació, Barcelona, Spain.

P423 Periparturient performance of dairy cows receiving a rumen-protected blend of B vitamins and choline during the transition period: A meta-analysis of 23 feeding trials. E. Evans1, O. AlZahal*2, C. Gwyn3, and H. Leclerc3, 1Technical Advisory Services, Bowmanville, ON, Canada, 2AlZahal Innovation & Nutrition, Kitchener, ON, Canada, 3Jefo, St. Hyacinthe QC Canada.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 49 P424 Evaluation of 2 sources of monensin in mid-lactation dairy cows. P. Piantoni*, M. Messman, C. Canale, Y. Roman-Garcia, and G. Schroeder, Cargill Animal Nutrition and Health Innovation Cen- ter, Elk River, MN.

P425 Evaluation of commercially available macromineral meters for evaluation of total mixed ration uniformity. S. R. Poldervaart* and H. A. Rossow, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA.

P426 Effects of feed restriction and premortem versus postmortem sampling on liver mineral content. S. K. Kvidera2, M. M. McCarthy*2, E. A. Horst1, and L. H. Baumgard1, 1Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2Micronutrients USA LLC, Indianapolis, IN.

P427 Effects of feeding a fibrolytic enzyme product on milk production and reproduction in dairy cattle. O. Martinez*1, G. Acetoze2, and H. Rossow1, 1Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California–Da- vis, Davis, CA, 2ADM Nutrition, Chicago, IL.

P428 Effect of biotin, folic acid, and vitamin12 B supplementation on whole-body glucose and protein metabolism in early-lactation cows. M. Duplessis*, H. Lapierre, and C. L. Girard, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.

P429 Effects of feed restriction, zinc source, and liver region on liver mineral content. S. K. Kvidera2, M. M. McCarthy*2, E. A. Horst1, and L. H. Baumgard1, 1Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2Micronutrients USA LLC, Indianapolis, IN.

P430 Assessment of the relationship between postpartum health and mid-lactation performance, behavior, and feed efficiency in Holstein dairy cows. M. J. Martin*, K. A. Weigel, and H. M. White,University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

P431 Effects of rumen-protected botanicals on lactational performance, enteric methane emission, and blood metabolites of dairy cows. T. Silvestre*1, S. Räisänen1, D. Wasson1, S. Cueva1, C. Lage1, E. Wall2, and A. Hristov1, 1The Pennsylvania State University, Univer- sity Park, PA, 2AVT Natural, Kerala, India.

Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiology, Fermentation, and Digestion P432 The effect of blade direction on feed digestibility and particulate accumulation in dual-flow continuous culture fermenter system. X. Huang*1, P. Yoder2, and B. Wenner3, 1Cumberland Valley Analytical Services, Waynesboro, PA, 2Perdue AgriBusiness LLC, Salisbury, MD, 3The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P433 Increasing doses of carbohydrases on nutrient intake and milk composition of mid-lactation cows. P. C. Vittorazzi Junior*1, G. Gomes da Silva1, N. T. S. Grigoletto1, A. T. Nunes1, R. G. Chesini1, T. B. de Paula e Silva1, M. S. Dias da Silva1, C. S. Takiya1, M. Bugoni1, C. Cortinhas2, T. Acedo2, and F. Palma1, 1Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil, 2DSM Produtos Nutricionais Brazil, SA, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

P434 One-carbon metabolism and nutrient transporters in the gastrointestinal tract of lactating Holstein cows. Q. Jiang*, D. N. Coleman, Y. Liang, A. Aboragah, and J. J. Loor, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.

P435 Effects of capsaicin supplementation on productive performance of lactation cows. P. C. Vittorazzi Junior*, G. Gomes da Silva, N. T. S. Grigoletto, A. T. Nunes, R. G. Chesini, L. V. B. de Alcantara, F. M. Santos, C. Oliveira, M. Bugoni, and F. P. Rennó, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.

P436 The effect of glycerol administration on in vivo and in vitro ruminal parameters: A meta-analysis. B. Yanibada*1, D. E. Rico2, B. Médina3, and M.-P. Létourneau-Montminy1, 1Université Laval, département des sciences animales, Québec City, QC, Canada, 2Centre de recherche en sciences animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, Canada, 3Probiotech International Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.

P437 Effects of OmniGen Pro on biomarkers of stress and inflammation of Holstein cattle. Y. Jiang*, J. D. Chapman, E. Sharman, B. Humphrey, and M. Garcia, Phibro Animal Health Corporation, Quincy, IL.

P438 Palmitic acid supply and pH alter ruminal prokaryotic community composition in a continuous culture system. L. Padilla1, J. de Souza2, and F. Batistel*1, 1Utah State University, Logan, UT, 2Perdue AgriBusiness, Salisbury, MD.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 50 P439 Effect of different cottonseed types on fiber digestibility and rumen fermentation in a continuous culture system. N. Bagheri* and F. Batistel, Utah State University, Logan, UT.

P440 Palmitic, stearic, or oleic acid differently alter bacterial phospholipid fatty acid profile and bacterial community composition in a continuous culture system. A. Sears1, J. de Souza2, B. Wenner3, and F. Batistel*1, 1Utah State University, Logan, UT, 2Perdue AgriBusiness, Salisbury, MD, 3The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P441 Association of residual feed intake with peripartal ruminal microbiome and milk fatty acid composition in Holstein dairy cows. H. Zhang*1, A. A. Elolimy2,3, H. Akbar4, M. Zeineldin5, Z. Yang1, and J. J. Loor2, 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Yang- zhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China, 2Department of Animal Sciences & Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 3Department of Animal Production, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt, 4College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 5Department of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Urbana, IL.

P442 Testing additivity of starch and aNDFom fermentation in an in vitro gas production system. N. Schlau*1, J. R. Knapp2, K. Taysom1, and D. M. Taysom1, 1Dairyland Laboratories, Inc., Arcadia, WI, 2Fox Hollow Consulting LLC, Lewisburg, OH.

P443 Effects of a cashew nut shell extract on nutrient digestibility and rumen microbiome in transition dairy cows. B. M. Goetz*1, E. A. Horst1, E. J. Mayorga1, M. A. Abeyta1, S. Rodriguez-Jimenez1, C. Hikita3, T. Watanabe3, J. M. Lourenco2, T. R. Callaway2, and L. H. Baumgard1, 1Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2Department of Animal & Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 3Agri-Bio Business Department, Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.

P444 Effect of ruminal donor and carbohydrate type on in vitro fermentation. N. Schlau*1, D. R. Mertens2, and D. Taysom1, 1Dairyland Laboratories, Inc., Arcadia, WI, 2Mertens Innovation & Research, LLC, Belleville, WI.

P445 Evaluation of 2 sources of monensin on rumen fermentation and digestion in continuous culture fermenters fed a lactating dairy cow diet. S. El Haddad1, P. Score1, Y. Roman-Garcia*1, P. Piantoni1, H. Larson2, and G. Schroeder1, 1Cargill Animal Nutrition and Health, Innovation Campus, Elk River, MN, 2Kansas State University, Olathe, KS.

P446 Rumen fermentation and epithelial gene expression responses to diets continuing ingredients designed to differ in ruminally degradable protein and fiber supplies. C. B. Gleason1, L. M. Beckett1,2, and R. R. White*1, 1Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 2Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.

P447 Characterizing effects of ingredients differing in ruminally degradable protein and fiber supplies on the rumen microbiome using next-generation sequencing. C. B. Gleason1, R. E. Settlage2, L. M. Beckett3,1, and R. R. White*1, 1Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 2Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 3Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue Uni- versity, West Lafayette, IN.

P448 Effects of rumen acidosis on fecal pH, metabolism, and inflammatory biomarkers in lactating dairy cows acclimated to a high fiber diet. M. A. Abeyta*1, B. M. Goetz1, S. Rodriguez-Jimenez1, E. J. Mayorga1, J. Opgenorth1, A. D. Freestone1, J. M. Lourenco2, T. R. Cal- laway2, and L. H. Baumgard1, 1Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

P449 Effects of fat-embedded calcium gluconate supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers and gastrointestinal barrier function during feed restriction. M. A. Abeyta*1, E. A. Horst1, E. J. Mayorga1, B. M. Goetz1, S. Rodriguez-Jimenez1, M. F. Caratzu1, S. K. Kvidera2, and L. H. Baum- gard1, 1Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2Micronutrients USA LLC, Indianapolis, IN.

P450 Effects of Omnigen Pro on rumen fermentation parameters of Holstein cattle fed an early-lactation diet. Y. Jiang*, J. D. Chapman, E. Sharman, B. Humphrey, and M. Garcia, Phibro Animal Health Corporation, Quincy, IL.

P451 Source of copper, manganese, and zinc affect 48-h in vitro fermentation. V. Brandao*1, M. McCarthy1, J. Heldt1, N. Sriperm3, and J. Johnston2, 1Micronutrients USA LLC, Indianapolis, IN, 2Fermentrics Technologies Inc., Arnprior, ON, Canada, 3Nutritional Statistics, Atlanta, GA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 51 P452 MALDI-TOF MS analysis of ruminal lipid A from total mixed ration- and pasture-fed cows: A comparative study. E. Sarmikasoglou*, J. Vinyard, K. M. S. Rahman, T. Jiranantasak, R. R. Lobo, A. Tuanyok, and A. Faciola, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

P453 Effect of cashew nutshell extract on nutrient digestibility and rumen pH under continuous culture conditions. C. Compton*1, O. M. Peña1, N. Siva3, T. C. Jenkins1, G. J. Lascano1, C. Hikita2, T. Watanabe2, and M. J. Aguerre1, 1Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 2Agri-Bio Business Department, Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan, 3Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

P454 The Holy Grail of ruminant energetics? Reconsidering methane energy. J. R. Knapp*1,2, 1Fox Hollow Consulting LLC, Lewisburg, OH, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

P455 The effect of inclusion of exogenous amylolytic or cellulolytic enzymes on in fermentation of lactating dairy cow diets in a dual-flow continuous culture system. J. R. Vinyard*1, A. Ravelo1, E. Sarmikasoglou1, H. F. Monteiro1, J. A. Arce-Cordero1, M. L. Johnson1, B. C. Agustinho2, A. Bahman1, R. R. Lobo1, L. M. Gilbertson1, M. N. Mills1, M. P. L. Soltis3, L. F. Ferraretto4, and A. P. Faciola1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 3University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 4University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/Amino Acids P456 Rumen-protected methionine and its relationship with milk fatty acid profile in high-producing dairy cows under different planes of dietary energy. J. H. Carneiro*1, D. R. Ribeiro1, E. J. Askel1, I. F. Carrari1, M. Poczynek1, F. Lopes2, D. P. D. Lanna3, J. S. Osorio4, and R. Almeida1, 1Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2Adisseo South America, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, 3Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, 4South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

P457 Microencapsulated methionine increased plasma methionine, milk protein yield, and milk protein efficiency. L. E. King*1, E. Grilli2,3, H. A. Ramirez-Ramirez1, L. H. Baumgard1, and J. A. D. R. N. Appuhamy1, 1Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames IA, 2DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Bologna. Italy, 3Vetagro Inc., Chicago, IL.

P458 Effects of dried distillers grains on milk composition and nutrient digestibility of dairy cows. R. G. Chesini*, G. Gomes da Silva, P. C. Vittorazzi Junior, N. T. S. Grigoletto, M. Bugoni, M. S. Dias da Silva, T. B. de Paula e Silva, A. T. Nunes, C. S. Takiya, and F. P. Rennó, Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, University of São Paulo, Pirassu- nunga, SP, Brazil.

P459 Effects of raw or roasted soybeans on amino acid bioavailability of casein and lactation in dairy cows. E. Petzel*1, E. Titgemeyer2, S. Acharya1, E. Bailey1, and D. Brake1, 1University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 2Kansas State Univer- sity, Manhattan, KS.

P460 Postruminal dosing of lysine, methionine, and histidine as an assessment tools for amino acid biological availability in lactating dairy cows. V. M. R. Malacco*1, P. Doane2, L. Beckett1, S. Hilger1, C. McCabe1, M. Savage1, and S. Donkin1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2Archer Daniels Midland Company, Decatur, IL.

P461 Supplementing low-forage diets with rumen-protected Met and Lys results in a reduction in mastitis risk and a modest increase of milk yield for mid-lactation multiparous Holstein cows. M. B. Abreu*1,2, A. Valldecabres1, A. Correa1, N. E. Lobos3, M. I. Marcondes2,4, C. Peterson5, and N. Silva-del-Rio1, 1University of California–Davis, Tulare, CA, 2Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil, 3Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, 4Washing- ton State University, Pullman, WA, 5Adisseo, Alpharetta, GA.

P462 Effects of 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoate supplementation on productive performance of high-producing cows. J. C. S. Lourenço1, I. F. Carrari1, E. J. Askel1, M. Palmeira1, G. C. Aguiar1, H. P. Janssen2, R. Gardinal3, and R. Almeida*1, 1Univer- sidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 2Negócios Leite, Castrolanda Cooperativa Agroindustrial, Castro, Paraná, Brazil, 3Novus do Brasil, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

P463 Validation that the plasma AA dose-response technique can differentiate the methionine bioavailability of 2 rumen-protected encapsulated supplements of similar coating composition. N. L. Whitehouse*, R. E. Luddy, and J. P. Sacramento, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH.

P464 Measurement of the difference in bioavailability of 2 sources of rumen-protected lysine using the plasma free AA dose- response technique. N. L. Whitehouse*, R. E. Luddy, and J. P. Sacramento, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 52 P465 Validation of the microbial crude protein model in Cargill’s MAX System for Dairy. Y. Roman-Garcia*, B. Ozoluko, A. Jacobs, F. Giallongo, M. Jerred, and G. Schroeder, Cargill Animal Nutrition and Health, Innova- tion Campus, Elk River, MN.

P466 Summarization of protein digestibility and association classification of commercial laboratory data. D. L. Morris*1, X. Huang2, and R. Ward2, 1Perdue AgriBusiness, Salisbury, MD, 2Cumberland Valley Analytical Services, Waynes- boro, PA.

P467 Effects of rumen-protected glutamate supplementation during the periparturient period on inflammation and digestibility of dairy cows. S. Hisadomi*1, A. Haruno2, T. Fujieda2, T. Sugino3, and M. Oba1, 1Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Uni- versity of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo, Japan, 3Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.

P468 Bioavailability and rumen escape of N-acetyl-l-methionine in dairy cows. S. E. Räisänen*1, C. Zhou1,2, C. F. A. Lage1,3, H. A. Stefenoni1, T. Silvestre1, D. E. Wasson1, S. F. Cueva1, J.-S. Eun4, J. O. Moon4, J. S. Park4, and A. N. Hristov1, 1The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 3University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, 4Institute of Biotechnology, CJ CheilJedang, Suwon, Korea.

P469 Evaluation of bioavailability of rumen-protected methionine supplement in lactating dairy cows. F. Francia, A. Kihal, M. A. Belaid, M. Rodriguez-Prado, and S. Calsamiglia*, Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.

P470 Bioavailability of different rumen-protected lysine products for dairy cattle. A. Kihal*, C. Marques, M. Rodriguez-Prado, and S. Calsamiglia, Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.

P471 Early-lactation cow response to supplementation of a methionine deficient ration with Kessent M and Smartamine M. M. Smith*1, S. Cronin1, J. Mateos2, D. Martinez del Olmo2, F. Valdez3, and T. Gressley1, 1University of Delaware, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Newark, DE, 2Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health, Herentals, Belgium, 3Kemin Agrifoods, Des Moines, IA.

P472 Canola meal improves methionine status in early lactation. S. I. Arriola Apelo*1, S. J. Halderson1, S. A. E. Moore1,2, and K. F. Kalscheur2, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Univer- sity of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI.

P474 Supplementation of rumen-protected lysine during the close-up period improves the vaginal discharge clearance in Holstein cows. Y. Sugimoto*1, H. Hayakawa2, H. Oie2, A. Taniguchi2, A. Goto2, N. Kusaba2, N. Yamagishi3, A. Haruno1, M. Miura1, T. Fujieda1, and C. Kawashima2, 1Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 2Obihiro University of Agriculuture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro-shi, Hokkaido, Japan, 3Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai-shi, Osaka, Japan.

P475 Relative bioavailability of 3 different rumen-undegradable methionine sources in dairy cows using the area under the curve technique. A. Kihal*, M. E. Rodriguez-Prado, and S. Calsamiglia, Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

P476 Reducing metabolizable protein supply without negative effects on dairy cow performance. J.-P. Laroche*1, R. Gervais1, H. Lapierre2, D. R. Ouellet2, G. F. Tremblay3, C. Halde4, M.-S. Boucher4, and É. Charbonneau1, 1Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada, 2Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 3Quebec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri- Food Canada, Québec, QC, Canada, 4Département de phytologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.

P477 Association between protein molecular structure and metabolizable protein supply to dairy cattle before and after rumen incubation of faba bean partitions and faba bean silage. M. Yan*, V. H. Guevara-Oquendo, D. Christensen, H. (B.) Lardner, and P. Yu, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

P478 Using blood amino acid concentrations in dairy cows to target essential amino acids for individualized supplementation. M. Wells*1, J. J. M. Kim1, L. E. Wright1, K. Nakagawa2, I. Shinzato2, T. Fujieda2, and J. P. Cant1, 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo, Kanto, Japan.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 53 P479 Impact of metabolizable protein supply across the transition period. A. V. D. Kerckhove1, A. Delaquis2, F. Mueller3, C. Gerard4, T. Steen5, and A. Park*6, 1Federated Co-operatives Limited, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, 2Sollio Agriculture, Montréal, QC, Canada, 3Kalmbach Feeds Inc., Upper Sandusky, OH, 4Neovia, Saint-Nolff, France, 5Tennessee Farmers Cooperative, LaVergne, TN, 6Cooperative Research Farms, Richmond, VA.

P480 Amino acid supplementation during weaning decreased postweaning starter intake and growth in Holstein heifer calves. H. K. J. P. Wickramasinghe*1, C. A. Kaya2, M. A. Perera3, and J. A. D. R. N. Appuhamy1, 1Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey, 3W. M. Keck Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

P481 Evaluation of noninvasive urine collection device and urine specific gravity to estimate urine output in lactating dairy cows. P. Letelier*1, G. I. Zanton2, and M. A. Wattiaux1, 1Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2USDA-ARS; U. S. Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI.

Small Ruminant P482 Infection dynamics of Eimeria spp. in sheep submitted to diets with different levels of fat babassu co-product. G. M. Martins, A. A. Rodrigues, S. S. Reis, L. X. de Sousa*, I. A. Leme da Cunha, M. N. de Sousa, T. V. Costa Nascimento, H. N. Parente, A. G. V. de Oliveira Lima, and M. O. Maia Parente, Federal University of Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil.

P483 Metabolizable methionine balanced diets improved Lacaune dairy ewe performance. F. Francia1, A. Kihal1, M. Rodriguez-Prado1, G. Caja2, X. Such2, L. Bahloul3, and S. Calsamiglia*1, 1Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, 2Grup de Recerca en Remugants, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, 3Adisseo France SAS, Malicorne, France.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 54 ORAL PRESENTATIONS (no live discussion time)

Animal Behavior and Well-Being 100 Effects of shade and sprinklers on physiological responses of heat stress on grazing dairy cows. C. A. Becker*, A. R. Woolums, B. B. Karisch, M. X. S. Oliveira, and A. E. Stone, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

101 Salix extract and flunixin meglumine dosage to minimize inflammation after disbudding in dairy calves. K. Sharpe*1, B. Heins1, M. Endres2, and H. Phillips2, 1West Central Research and Outreach Center, Morris, MN, 2University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

Animal Health 102 The economic impact of suboptimal mobility in spring-calving, pasture-based dairy herds. A. H. O’Connor*1,2, E. A. M. Bokkers2, I. J. M. de Boer2, H. Hogeveen3, R. Sayers1, N. Byrne1, E. Ruelle1, and L. Shalloo1, 1Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Center, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland, 2Animal Production Systems group, Department of Animal Science, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands, 3Business Economics group, Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands, 4Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands.

103 Assessment of the association between week of diagnosis of hyperketonemia and variations in milk characteristics, herd removal, and reproductive performance in dairy cows. Z. Rodriguez*1, G. Cramer1, E. Shepley1, P. P. C. Ferro1, N. L. Moraes1, M. I. Endres2, and L. S. Caixeta1, 1Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN.

104 Relationship between serum metabolites and milk fatty acid with periparturient diseases in Pacific Northwest dairy farms. C. Y. Tsai*1, H. H. Hung1, T. Weber1, Q. Huo2, and P. Rezamand1, 1Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 2Department of Chemistry and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL.

105 Heat stress in transition dairy cows is associated with impaired production, health, and reproduction. P. R. Menta*2, V. S. Machado2, J. M. Piñeiro3, W. W. Thatcher4, J. E. P. Santos4, and A. Vieira-Neto1, 1Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 3Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 4University of Florida, Gaines- ville, FL.

106 Whole transcriptome-based competing endogenous (ce)RNA network analysis revealed ochratoxin A-induced intestinal tight junction damage through WNT/Ca2+signaling pathway. X. Yang*1,2, N. Zheng1,2, Y. N. Gao1,2, and J. Q. Wang1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.

107 Feeding Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products lessens the severity of a viral-bacterial co-infection in preweaned calves. P. O. McDonald*1, C. Schill1, T. W. Maina1, B. Samuel1, I. Yoon2, and J. L. McGill1, 1Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA.

Breeding and Genetics 108 Response to ad libitum milk allowance by crossbred dairy and dairy-beef calves in an automated feeding system. S. C. Arens*, B. J. Heins, and M. M. Schutz, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 55 109 Identification of genomic regions associated with dry matter intake, energy-corrected milk, and metabolic body weight in 2 stages of lactation using whole-genome sequence data. K. Houlahan*1, T. C. S. Chud1, F. Miglior1,2, P. Stothard3, G. A. Oliveira Jr.1, F. S. Schenkel1, and C. F. Baes1,4, 1Centre for Genetic Im- provement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Lactanet, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 4Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, BE, Switzerland.

Dairy Foods 110 Lactoferrin could alleviate liver injury caused by Maillard reaction products with furan ring through regulating necroptosis pathway. F. Linlin*1,2, L. Huiying1,2, Y. Qianqian1,2, W. Jiaqi1,2, and Z. Nan1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.

111 The combination of lactoferrin and linolenic acid inhibits colorectal tumor growth through activating AMPK/JNK-related apoptosis pathway. F. Linlin*1,2, L. Huiying1,2, Y. Qianqian1,2, W. Jiaqi1,2, and Z. Nan1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.

112 Anti-inflammatory actions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate on fetal mouse jejunum cultures ex vivo and immature small intestinal cells in vitro. S. N. Huang*1,2, Y. N. Gao1,2, Z. W. Wang1,2, X. Yang1,2, J. Q. Wang1,2, and N. Zheng1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.

113 Aflatoxin 1B and aflatoxin 1M induce compromised intestinal integrity through clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Y. N. Gao*1,2, X. Y. Bao1,2, J. Q. Wang1,2, and N. Zheng1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.

114 Effect of different thermal processes of bovine milk on the gut microbiota composition of rat. H. G. Yang*1,2, H. Y. Li1, Q. Q. Yao1, N. Zheng1, and J. Q. Wang1, 1Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.

115 Alkaline phosphatase inhibits Cronobacter sakazakii LPS-induced liver injury by regulating miR146a expression. H. M. Wu*1,2, H. Y. Li1,2, N. Zheng1,2, and J. Q. Wang1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.

116 The effect of therapeutic administration of β-lactam antibiotics to mastitic cows on the bacterial community and antibiotic resistance patterns in milk. L. Dong*1,2, L. Meng1,2, H. M. Liu1,2, H. M. Wu1,2, N. Zheng1,2, and J. Q. Wang1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.

117 A study of environmental Listeria isolates from a dairy plant reveals a relationship of their genotypic variability with phenotypic expression and biofilm formation on clay brick floors. N. Singh*1,2, S. Anand1,2, J. L. G. Gonzalez Hernandez3, and B. Kraus4, 1Midwest Dairy Foods Research Center, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 3Young Brothers Seed Technology Lab, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 4Wells Enterprises Inc., Le Mars, IA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 56 118 The use of protective lactic acid bacteria adjunct cultures to decrease the incidence of gas defects in aged Cheddar cheese. R. Crompton*, T. S. Oberg, and D. J. McMahon, Utah State University, Logan, UT.

119 New insights into the creaming reaction in a model processed cheese system. A. H. Vollmer*1, N. N. Youssef1, I. Kieferle2, and U. Kulozik2, 1Utah State University, Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Logan, UT, 2Technical University of Munich, Chair of Food and Bioprocess Engineering, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany.

120 Pasture and non-pasture-based feeding systems influence aroma-active compounds in raw bovine milk. H. J. Clarke1,2, M. G. O’Sullivan2, J. P. Kerry2, and K. N. Kilcawley*1, 1Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland, 2University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.

121 Emulsions stabilized by whey protein aggregates: Impact of particle structure on the oil-water interfacial characteristics and emulsion stability. A. Christenson* and H. Zheng, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.

Forages and Pastures 122 Yeast population and dry matter losses of sugarcane silage inoculated withLactobacillus buchneri. G. B. Neto*1, A. W. P. Freitas1, R. B. Botelho3, C. A. Rosa4, and J. P. Sampaio5, 1Animal Science Institute of Department of Agri- culture and Food Supply, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, 2Animal Science Institute of Department of Agriculture and Food Supply, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, 3AnimaDepartment of Agriculture and Food Supply, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, 4Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Brazil, 5Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.

Lactation Biology 123 The impact of incomplete milking on mammary gland transcriptome changes under 3× milking frequency. W. Li*1, J. Kuehnl2, T. Walker2, and L. Hernandez2, 1US Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI, 2Department of Dairy Sci- ence, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

124 Factors influencing milking performance of teatcup liners. J. F. Penry*1, J. Upton3, P. D. Thompson2, G. A. Mein4, and D. J. Reinemann2, 1Dairy Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 2The University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 3Animal and Innovation Research Centre, Teagasc, Fermoy, Co Cork, Ire- land, 4Scientific adviser, Werribee, Victoria, Australia.

125 Correlation of plasma purine derivatives with production, rumen fermentation and blood biochemical parameters of lactating dairy cows. M. Li1,3, S. G. Zhao*1,2, N. Zheng1,2, and J. Q. Wang1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 3College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.

126 Rapamycin alleviated lipopolysaccharides-induced inflammatory response in bovine mammary epithelial cells via autopha- gy and NF-κB/MAPK pathway. L. B. Xu*, Y. F. Ren, W. Lan, P. F. Hou, J. X. Liu, and H. Y. Liu, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.

127 Mitochondrial adaptations in liver and skeletal muscle of lactating dairy cattle. V. R. Favorit*1, A. N. Kavazis2, W. R. Hood2, P. Villamediana1, and A. L. Skibiel1, 1University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 2Auburn Univer- sity, Auburn, AL.

128 Effects of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) exposure on lactation performance in mice. P. Hou*, Y. Zhan, C. Wang, and H. Liu, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 57 129 Identification and network analyses of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulating cattle lactation. Y. Xing1, H. Lyman2, B. Davis1, I. Korf2, D. Lemay2,3, A. Cullum4, J. Dobson4, K. Oden4, A. Molenaar5, K. Singh4, C. Couldrey8, R. Weikard6, C. Kühn6,7, and M. Rijnkels*1, 1Department of Integrative Veterinary Biosciences, Texas A&M university, College Sta- tion, TX, 2Genome Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 3USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Center, Davis, CA, 4AgResearch Ltd, Ruakura Research Station, Hamilton, New Zealand, 5AgResearch Ltd., Grassland Research Center, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 6Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany, 7Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University Rostock, Rostock, Germany, 8LIC, Hamilton, New Zealand.

130 Segmenting mammary gland tissue of preweaned dairy calves using spatial pyramid pooling networks. D. A. B. Oliveira*1, T. Bresolin1, S. G. Coelho2, M. Magalhaes3, C. Lage2, L. G. R. Pereira1,3, L. Hernandez1, and J. R. R. Dorea1, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 3Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation – Embrapa, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.

Physiology and Endocrinology 131 Fuel oxidation and heat production differences between high and low feed efficient dairy cows. K. M. Kennedy*, H. M. Hammon, and B. Kuhla, Institute of Nutritional Physiology, Dummerstorf, Germany.

132 Physiological state influences circulating and mammary calcium and serotonin concentrations. M. Connelly*, T. Walker, J. Kuehnl, S. Henschel, and L. Hernandez, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

133 Effects of recombinant bST on mammary gland growth of Holstein × Gyr heifers. A. L. L. Sguizzato*1, S. E. F. Guimarães1, G. M. Santos2, F. A. Castaño1, and M. I. Marcondes3,1, 1Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil, 2Cenva Post Graduation, Viçosa, MG, Brazil, 3Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

134 Quantifying whole-body calcium flux following immune activation. J. Opgenorth*1, E. J. Mayorga1, M. A. Abeyta1, S. Rodriguez-Jimenez1, B. M. Goetz1, A. D. Freestone1, C. H. Stahl2, and L. H. Baumgard1, 1Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

135 Effects of recombinant bST on carcass characteristics and blood metabolites of Holstein × Gyr heifers. A. L. L. Sguizzato*1, M. S. Duarte1, P. V. F. Correa1, E. A. C. Lopes1, and M. I. Marcondes2,1, 1Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil, 2Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

136 Changes in biomarkers of metabolic stress during late gestation of dairy cows associated with colostrum volume and IgG content across seasons. R. M. Rossi*, F. Cullens, P. Bacigalupo, L. M. Sordillo, and A. Abuelo, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

Production Management, and the Environment 137 Milk production of grazing dairy cows fed a supplementary grain ration formulated to complement nutrients from pasture during autumn. M. Douglas*1,2, M. Auldist1,3, M. Wright1, L. Marett1,3, V. Russo1,3, M. Hannah1, S. Garcia2, and W. Wales1,3, 1Agriculture Victoria Research, Ellinbank, Victoria, Australia, 2The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia, 3Centre for Agricul- tural Innovation, School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

138 Metabolomics analysis underlay mechanisms in the renal impairment of mice caused by combination of aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A. Z. Wang*1,2, Y. Gao1,2, X. Huang1,2, J. Wang1,2, and N. Zhen1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 2Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.

139 Net partial cashflow of dairy cows with different voluntary waiting periods until first insemination. E. E. A. Burgers*1,2, A. Kok1, R. M. A. Goselink2, H. Hogeveen3, B. Kemp1, and A. T. M. van Knegsel1, 1Adaptation Physiology group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 2Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen Uni- versity & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 3Business Economics group, Wageningen University & Research, Wagenin- gen, the Netherlands.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 58 140 Genome, ruminal metabolome, and milk associations in lactating Holsteins. H. M. Golder*1,2, I. J. Lean1,2, S. J. LeBlanc3, T. Duffield3, H. A. Rossow4, R. Bogdanich5, L. Hernandez6, E. Block7, and J. Thomson8, 1Scibus, Camden, NSW, Australia, 2Dairy Science Group, Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia, 3Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 4Veteri- nary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Tulare, CA, 5Cross Street Veterinary Clinic, Tulare, CA, 6Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 7Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production, Princeton, NJ, 8Montana State University, Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Bozeman, MT.

141 Seasonal effects on multiparous lactating dairy cow behavior. I. M. Toledo*, L. T. Casarotto, and G. E. Dahl, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

142 Feeding behavior of heifers monitored through computer vision systems. T. Bresolin*, F. Baier, J. Van Os, and J. R. R. Dorea, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

143 Predicting body weight of lactating and pregnant dry dairy cows using an RGB-D sensor camera. L. M. Campos*1, G. Morota2, and M. D. Hanigan1, 1Dairy Science Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 2Animal Science Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

144 The effect of calcareous marine algae on feed intake, milk production, mineral status, energy metabolites, and inflammatory markers in transition dairy cows. E. W. Neville*1, A. G. Fahey2, and F. J. Mulligan1, 1School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, 2School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

145 Effect of evaporative cooling on systemic and mammary inflammatory responses of lactating dairy cows during summer. Y.-C. Chen*1, R. M. Orellana Rivas1, T. N. Marins1, V. Lacerda1, Z. Wang2, M. Garrick1, H. Liu2, J. K. Bernard1, and S. Tao1, 1Depart- ment of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 2College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hang- zhou, China.

146 The effect of time away from pasture on milk production and grazing behavior. M. Douglas*1, M. Wright1, P. Alvarez-Hess1, V. Russo1,2, M. Hannah1, W. Wales1,2, and M. Auldist1,2, 1Agriculture Victoria Re- search, Ellinbank, Victoria, Australia, 2Centre for Agricultural Innovation, School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Reproduction 147 Changes in uterine metabolome associated with metritis in dairy cows. C. C. Figueiredo*, L. O. Balzano-Nogueira, D. Z. Bisinotto, A. C. Conesa, K. N. Galvão, and R. S. Bisinotto, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

148 Use of recombinant bST to improve reproductive characteristics and oocyte quality. A. L. L. Sguizzato*1, J. D. Guimarães1, E. F. Santos1, V. A. P. Alfradique1, and M. I. Marcondes2,1, 1Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil, 2Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

Ruminant Nutrition: General 149 Effect of whole cottonseed fed at 15% of the diet on milk production and methane emissions. K. Harvatine1, Y. Adeniji*1, R. Bomberger1, and R. Goodall2, 1Penn State University, University Park, PA, 2Cotton Inc., Cary, NC.

150 Evaluation of a phytogenic feed additive on feed intake, milk production, and health in lactating Holstein cows. A. Jantzi1, C. Siberski1, M. S. Mayes1, S. Ramirez*2, G. R. Murugesan2,3, A. Tacconi3, and J. Koltes1, 1Department of Animal Sci- ence, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2BIOMIN America Inc., Overland Park, KS, 3BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Getzersdorf, Austria.

151 Effects of forage-to-concentrate ratio in diet of late-lactation dairy cows on performance and feed efficiency. Y. A. Ben Meir, L. Lifshitz, S. Jacoby, J. Miron, and U. Moallem*, Department of Ruminants Science, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel.

152 Effects of encapsulated calcium gluconate on blood metabolites and health biomarkers in mid-lactation Holstein cows. S. T. Quanz*1, L. K. Mamedova1,2, K. E. Griswold3, S. K. Kvidera3, R. S. Fry3, and B. J. Bradford1,2, 1Kansas State University, Man- hattan, KS, 2Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 3Micronutrients, Indianapolis, IN.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 59 153 The rumen and fecal bacteriome of Holstein cows differing in nitrogen efficiency. V. M. De La Guardia-Hidrogo* and H. A. Paz, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS.

154 Effect of glycerol administration on dairy cow metabolism and performance: A meta-analysis. B. Yanibada*1, M.-P. Létourneau-Montminy1, B. Médina2, and D. E. Rico3, 1Université Laval, département des sciences animales, Québec city, QC, Canada, 2Probiotech International Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada, 3Centre de recherche en sciences animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, Canada.

155 Effects of fibrolytic and amylolytic compound enzyme preparation on rumen fermentation, serum parameters, and -produc tion performance in peak-lactation dairy cows. Z. Liu1, L. Wang1,2, X. Chen2, J. Yao1, and Y. Cao*1,2, 1Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

156 Effect of a specific blend of flavonoids on lactation performance of multiparous Holstein cows. S. Schuling*, D. Schimek, and M. Engeseth, NutriQuest, Mason City, IA.

Ruminant Nutrition: Calves and Heifers 157 Effect of weaning pace and age on the blood cells and haptoglobin concentration of Holstein dairy calves. A. Wolfe1, B. C. Agustinho*2, C. Y. Tsai2, D. E. Konetchy2, A. H. Laarman1, and P. Rezamand2, 1Agricultural, Life and Environmen- tal Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Department of Animal, Veterinary & Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.

158 Effect of weaning pace and age on the gene expression of inflammatory markers in hepatic, rumen, and intestinal tissues of Holstein dairy calves. B. C. Agustinho*1, A. Wolfe2, C. Y. Tsai1, D. E. Konetchy1, A. H. Laarman2, and P. Rezamand1, 1Department of Animal, Veterinary & Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 2Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Ruminant Nutrition: Carbohydrates and Lipids 159 Effect of increasing oleic acid concentration in a saturated fatty acid prill on milk yield in Holstein cows. R. Pierce, R. Bomberger, and K. Harvatine*, Penn State University, University Park, PA.

160 Effect of dietary oilseed supplementation on milk production, milk composition, and milk fatty acids of dairy cows: A meta- analysis. G. Plata-Perez*1, R. Vieyra-Alberto1, O. Del Razo-Rodriguez1, J. C. Angeles-Hernandez1, E. Morales-Almaraz2, F. Lopez-Gonzalez2, and E. Vargas-Bello-Perez3, 1Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo, México, 2Autono- mous Mexico State University, Toluca de Lerdo, Estado de México, México, 3University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej, Frederiksberg, Denmark.

161 Effect of folic acid supplementation on lactation performance of Holstein dairy cows: A meta-analysis. L. Wang*, Z. J. Li, X. J. Lei, and J. H. Yao, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

162 Effect of granule size on dissociation of calcium salts of palm fatty acid distillate. W.-L. Ong1, R. Kirkland2, J. Newbold3, and K.-H. Ng*1, 1WIL@NUS Corporate Laboratory, Singapore, 2Volac Wilmar Feed Ingredi- ents Limited, Hertfordshire, UK, 3Scotland’s Rural College, Aberdeen, UK.

Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiology, Fermentation, and Digestion 163 Effect of grazing and ration composition on methane production in mid to late lactation. T. Van De Gucht*1, M. Thys1, R. Delagarde2, S. Benaissa1, B. Ampe1, N. Peiren1, and L. Vandaele1, 1Animal Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Melle, Belgium, 2PEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro, Saint-Gilles, France.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 60 Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/Amino Acids 164 Predictions of N use efficiency from natural15 N abundance in periparturient dairy cows are impaired by the protein mobili- zation. M. Correa-Luna*1, M. Larsen2, C. Chantelauze1, L. Bahloul3, and G. Cantalapiedra-Hijar1, 1Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, France, 2Aarhus University, Denmark, 3Adisseo France S.A.S., France.

Small Ruminant 165 Reducing dietary rumen-degradable starch level can maintain colonic function and health of growing goats. C. Jin*, J. Zhang, X. Lei, Z. Liang, and J. Yao, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.

166 Selective treatment: Improving the safety and milk quality on dairy goat farms. L. da Costa*1 and M. Rovai2, 1The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

ADSA Midwest Branch Young Scholar Presentations 496 Elucidating the serotonin-calcium axis. M. Connelly*, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

497 Elucidating the physiological and genomic underpinnings of dairy cow lipid-related metabolic disorders and leveraging farm data streams to predict disorder cases. R. S. Pralle*, School of Agriculture, University of Wisconisn–Platteville, Platteville, WI.

498 Evaluation of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein as a marker of transition cow health, metabolism, and feed intake: A potential diagnostic tool? W. Brown*, Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

499 Effects of rumen-protected methionine supply and body condition prepartum on antioxidant, inflammation, and mechanistic target of rapamycin pathways in adipose tissue during the periparturient period. Y. Liang*1, A. S. Alharthi1, R. Bucktrout1, A. A. Elolimy1, V. Lopreiato2, I. Martinez-Cortés3, E. Trevisi2, C. Parys4, and J. J. Loor1, 1Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy, 3Agricultural and Animal Production Department, UAM-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico, 4Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Hanau, Germany.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 61 STUDENT COMPETITIONS

ADSA Graduate Student Dairy Foods Oral Competition Chair: Beth Briczinski, FDA-CFSAN SC100 Application of bulk nanobubbles generated by acoustic cavitation to improve the processability of milk protein concentrates. K. S. Babu* and J. Amamcharla, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.

SC101 Rheological characteristics of fibrillated model milk protein concentrates during acid gelation. G. Rathod* and J. Amamcharla, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.

SC102 Application of beta-serum in ice cream manufacturing. K. Rathnakumar*1, S. Anand1, and S. I. Martinez-Monteagudo2, 1South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM.

SC103 Physicochemical characteristics and microstructural studies of a novel probiotic whipped cream product. K. Gaba*1,2 and S. Anand1,2, 1Midwest Dairy Foods Research Center, Minneapolis, MN, 2Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

SC104 Modifications in flowability and water-holding capacity of MPC85 treated with pulsed electric field processing. S. Raghunath*, T. C. Schoenfuss, and K. P. Mallikarjunan, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN.

SC105 Colloidal dispersion of casein micelles with pea protein via homogenization. A. Krentz*, I. García-Cano, J. Ortega-Anaya, and R. Jiménez-Flores, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

SC106 The impact of varying casein and pectin concentration on the stability of high protein, ambient stored cultured milk beverages. D. Wilbanks*1, S. Yazdi2, and J. Lucey1,3, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Arla Foods, Viby J, Denmark, 3Center for Dairy Research, Madison, WI.

SC107 Effect of temperature and protein concentration on the viscosity and distribution of protein types within liquid micellar concentrate. J. Pranata*1, M. Dunn2, D. M. Barbano1, and M. Drake2, 1Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2North Carolina State University, Ra- leigh, NC.

SC108 Understanding the dynamics of molecular dissociation during membrane filtration of milk concentrates. O. Coskun*1, L. Wiking1, S. R. Yazdi3, V. Rauh3, and M. Corredig1,2, 1Aarhus University, Department of Food Science, Aarhus N, Denmark, 2iFood Center, Aarhus University, Department of Food Science, Aarhus N, Denmark, 3Arla Innovation Center, Aarhus N, Denmark.

ADSA Graduate Student Dairy Foods Poster Competition Chair: Khilendra Bhanduriya, Milk Specialties Global SC109 Determining the types of Bacillus endospores in whey protein concentrate and nonfat dried milk powders. S. Jha*1,2 and S. Anand1,2, 1Midwest Dairy Foods Research Center, Minneapolis, MN, 2Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

SC110 Influence of sampling intervals on the standard plate counts of milk samples. R. Kalita*1,2, S. Anand1,2, and G. Djira3, 1Midwest Dairy Foods Research Center, Minneapolis, MN, 2Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 3Department of Mathematics and Statistics, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

SC111 A genotypic evaluation of environmentalListeria isolates from a dairy plant. S. Minj*1,2, N. Singh1,2, S. Anand1,2, J. G. Hernandez3, and B. Kraus4, 1Midwest Dairy Foods Research Center, Minneapolis, MN, 2Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 3Young Brothers Seed Technology Lab, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 4Wells Enterprises Inc., Le Mars, IA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 62 SC112 A comparison of various methods to measure the insoluble calcium content in cheese. A. V. Swaminathan*1 and J. A. Lucey1,2, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Wisconsin Center for Dairy Research, Madison, WI.

SC113 Gel structure formation as functions of solids concentration and thermal denaturation in heated yogurt mix. E. J. Donald, J. S. Myers*, and K. A. Schmidt, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.

SC114 Milk phospholipids influence adhesion of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria to human intestinal cells and their inflammatory response. E. Kosmerl*, J. Ortega-Anaya, I. García-Cano, and R. Jiménez-Flores, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

SC115 Reducing the sugar in school lunch chocolate milk. R. P. Nakamura*1, H. R. M. Keefer1, D. M. Barbano2, and M. A. Drake1, 1North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 2Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

SC116 A physicochemical investigation of flux decline in ultrafiltration of acid whey from tvarog production. J. Tarapata* and J. Zulewska, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.

SC117 Consumer understanding of fluid milk and cheese composition and processing. A. N. Schiano* and M. A. Drake, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.

SC118 The impact of encapsulation on vitamin premix stability and flavor in ready-to-mix protein beverages. H. R. M. Keefer* and M. A. Drake, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.

SC119 Consumer perception of natural hot pepper cheeses. C. M. Racette* and M. A. Drake,North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.

ADSA Graduate Student Production MS Oral Competition Chair: Jamie Jarrett, Alpha Dairy Consulting SC120 Effects of weaning strategies on intake, growth, and health in Holstein dairy calves. A. Wolfe*1,2, P. Rezamand2, B. Agustinho2, D. Konetchy2, and A. Laarman1, 1University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Uni- versity of Idaho, Moscow, ID.

SC121 Effect of fibrolytic enzyme on lactational performance, feeding behavior, rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows fed whole-plant faba bean silage-based diet. J. Yang*1, D. Christensen1, H. Lardner1, V. Guevara-Oquendo1, B. Refat1, O. AlZahal2, and P. Yu1, 1University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, 2AB Vista, Marlborough, United Kingdom.

SC122 Physiological effects of the SLICK1 allele of the prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene in Holstein calves during heat stress. A. T. Carmickle*1, C. C. Larson2, F. Sosa3, L. M. Jensen3, M. Haimon3, P. J. Hansen3, and A. C. Denicol1, 1Department of Animal Science, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 2Okeechobee County Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida IFAS Extension, Okeechobee, FL, 3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

SC123 Effects of partially replacing corn with molasses, untreated whey, and treated whey on in vitro ruminal fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. A. D. Ravelo*1, B. C. Agustinho2, J. A. Arce-Cordero1, H. F. Monterio1, S. L. Bennett3, E. Sarmikasoglou1, J. R. Vinyard1, E. R. Q. Vieira4, R. R. Lobo1, and A. P. Faciola1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 3Department of Animal Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 4Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Tocantins, Brazil.

SC124 Effects of reducing dietary cation-anion difference on total-tract digestibility and urine and fecal outputs of lactating dairy cows. H. M. Zynda*1, J. E. Copelin1, W. P. Weiss1, F. Sun2, and C. Lee1, 1The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 2Origination O2D, Woodbury, MN.

SC125 Bio-based plastics demonstrate degradation during in vitro fermentation. H. Galyon*, S. Vibostok, G. Ferreira, A. Whittington, and R. Cockrum, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacks- burg, VA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 63 SC126 Modeling B9 and B12 synthesis and use within the rumen in dairy cows. V. Brisson*1, C. Girard2, J. Metcalf3, D. Castagnino3, J. Dijkstra4, and J. Ellis1, 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Agricul- ture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 3Trouw Nutrition Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada, 4Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

SC127 Association of pretreatment somatic cell counts with bacteriological cure. J. Williamson* and V. Ryman, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

SC128 Effects of heat stress abatement strategy during the preweaning on lying behavior and behavioral responses and pain sensi- tivity following disbudding of Holstein calves. A. B. Montevecchio*1, W. Frota1, V. R. Merenda1, J. G. Martin III2, and R. C. Chebel1, 1Department of Large Animal Clinical Sci- ences and Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Dairy Design Engineers, Gainesville, FL.

ADSA Graduate Student Production MS Poster Competition Chair: Kamal Mjoun, Alltech Inc. SC129 Evaluating skim milk as a substrate for the biomanufacturing of value-added ingredients and products. L. Wise*, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

SC130 Impact of increasing dietary cottonseed on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, and microbial community composition in continuous culture fermenters. C. Castro*, N. Baghme, and F. Batistel, Utah State University, Logan, UT.

SC131 Earlier administration of an internal teat sealant in primigravid dairy heifers to prevent intramammary infections at calving. L. R. Larsen*1, P. H. Baker1, K. M. Enger1, L. E. Moraes2, and B. D. Enger1, 1The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

SC132 Effects of treating soybean meal on ruminal fermentation, microbial growth, nutrient digestion, and nitrogen partitioning in a dual-flow continuous culture system. A. Bahman*1, H. F. Monteiro1, A. D. Ravelo1, J. Arce-Cordero1, T. S. Winowiski2, and A. P. Faciola1, 1University of Florida, Gaines- ville, FL, 2Borregaard USA Inc., Rothschild, WI.

ADSA Graduate Student Production PhD Oral Competition Chair: Jamie Jarrett, Alpha Dairy Consulting SC133 Diurnal variation of milk fatty acids in early-lactation Holstein cows with and without hyperketonemia. C. Seely*1, K. Bach2, D. Barbano3, and J. McArt1, 1Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Vet- erinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 3Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

SC134 Barriers to implementing transition cow protocols in the United States. A. Sen* and E. Eckelkamp, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN.

SC135 In vitro effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan dose and time exposure on primary bovine mammary epithelial cell gene expression. S. Field*1, V. Ouellet2, C. Sheftel1, L. Hernandez1, and J. Laporta1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wis- consin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Department of Animal Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.

SC136 Isoprostanes increase endothelial cell barrier integrity independent of altered inflammatory gene expression. A. Putman* and L. Sordillo, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, MI.

SC137 Clinical criteria used for defining puerperal metritis in dairy cows: A scoping review. A. Garzon*1, F. Samah1, G. Habing2, and R. Pereira1, 1Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, 2Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 64 SC138 Adipogenesis and lipogenesis are modulated by cannabinoids in dairy cows. M. N. Myers*1, C. J. Rendon1, M. Zachut2, J. Tam3, and G. A. Contreras1, 1Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel, 3Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.

SC139 Exploring Lys metabolism in lactating cows. L. R. Rebelo*, W. P. Weiss, and C. Lee, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH.

SC140 The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, gender, and institution on student performance in an undergraduate animal science course. J. R. Vinyard*1, F. Peñagaricano2, and A. P. Faciola1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

SC141 Effect of intravenous lipid infusion on blood metabolite concentrations and immune functions of dairy cows. N. Vanacker*1,2, R. Blouin1, and P. Lacasse2,1, 1Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 2Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Lennoxville, QC, Canada.

ADSA Graduate Student Production PhD Poster Competition Chair: Kamal Mjoun, Alltech Inc. SC142 First-lactation milking performance of dairy heifers fed pre- or probiotic diets in the prewean period. P. M. Lucey*1, I. Lean2, E. Block3, and H. A. Rossow1, 1Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, UC Davis, Tulare, CA, 2Scibus, Camden, NSW, Australia, 3Arm & Hammer Animal and Food Production, Princeton, NJ.

SC143 Impacts of in utero heat stress on the gastrointestinal morphology of dairy calves. B. D. Davidson*1, S. L. Field1, B. Dado-Senn1, M. A. Steele2, G. E. Dahl3, and J. Laporta1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sci- ences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

SC144 Effects of Mg sources and buffer inclusion on high-producing dairy cows` performance. R. R. Lobo*1, J. A. Arce-Cordero1, M. N. Marinho1, S. So2, A. Ravelo1, B. C. Agustinho3, J. Vinyard1, M. L. Johnson1, E. Sarmika- soglou1, H. Monteiro1, and A. P. Faciola1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, 3University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.

SC145 Factors impacting pregnancy at first service in lactating cows. F. M. Masia*1,2, M. B. Piccardi1,2, M. G. Molina1,3, M. G. Balzarini1,2, and R. L. De la Sota2,4, 1Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias– UNC, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, 2CONICET, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, 3Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas–UNVM, Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina, 4Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias–UNLP, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

SC146 White wastewater recovery from dairy industries: Evolution of bacterial ecosystem during treatment by reverse osmosis. S. Alalam*, J. Chamberland, A. Bérubé, Y. Pouliot, S. Labrie, and A. Doyen, STELA Dairy Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Department of Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.

SC147 Synchrotron-based study to determine the inherent molecular structure changes induced by steam pressure times in faba bean seeds. M. Rodríguez*, D. Christensen, R. Newkirk, Y. Ai, V. Guevara, and P. Yu, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

SC148 Production and temporal plasma metabolite effects of soybean meal versus canola meal fed to dairy cows during the transition period and early lactation. J. Kuehnl*1 and K. Kalscheur2, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Madison, WI, 2U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 65 ADSA Graduate Student Southern Section Oral Competition Chair: Agustin Ríus, University of Tennessee SC149 Effect of homofermentative and heterofermentative bacterial inoculants on quality, fermentation, and digestibility of alfalfa-bermudagrass mixture ensiled in the summer. M. D. Idowu*1, V. Bryant1, T. H. Terrill1, Z. Estrada-Reyes1, J. J. Tucker2, L. L. Baxter3, I. M. Ogunade4, and A. A. Pech-Cervantes1, 1Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA, 2Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 3De- partment of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 4West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV.

SC150 Daylength exposure in dry cows associated with colostrum production. K. Alward*, A. Nin-Velez, A. Connor, J. Duncan, and R. Cockrum, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

SC151 Effects of a living mulch system on dairy cattle production in the southeastern of United States. Z. Yu*, J. M. Cantet, R. Nave, and A. G. Ríus, The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 66 Sunday, July 11

NANP Nutrition Models Workshop Chair: Timothy Hackmann, University of California–Davis Sponsors: USDA NIFA-AFRI and McNamara Research in Agriculture Firm 11:00 AM – 5:05 PM 11:00 AM Welcoming remarks

11:05 AM S104 Tutorial on R software. T. Hackmann*, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA.

11:25 AM S105 Techniques for estimating parameters in compartmental models. K. F. Reed*, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

11:55 AM S106 A case study of compartmental model parameter estimation in R statistical software. K. F. Reed*, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

12:45 PM Break

12:55 PM S107 Cross-validation and bootstrapping for determining bias and error rates of models. J. A. D. R. N. Appuhamy*, Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

1:25 PM S108 Cross validation and bootstrapping linear models in R: An exercise. J. A. D. R. N. Appuhamy*, Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

2:10 PM Break

2:20 PM S109 Automated model selection: Part I (lecture). V. L. Daley*1, L. M. Campos2, A. C. Hruby2, and M. D. Hanigan2, 1Purina Animal Nutrition Center - Land O’Lakes, Gray Summit, MO, 2Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

2:40 PM S110 Automated model selection: Part II (exercises). V. L. Daley*1, L. M. Campos2, A. C. Hruby2, and M. D. Hanigan2, 1Purina Animal Nutrition Center - Land O’Lakes, Gray Summit, MO, 2Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

3:40 PM Break

3:50 PM S111 Molly and other dynamic models: Lecture. H. A. Rossow*, UC Davis VMTRC, Davis, CA.

4:20 PM S112 Molly and other dynamic models: Exercise. H. A. Rossow*, UC Davis VMTRC, Davis, CA.

Late-Breaking Abstract Session Chair: Kevin Harvatine, Penn State University 12:00 – 2:00 PM 12:00 PM LB100 Timing of gut closure: Temporal and regional propensity for IgG uptake in the neonatal bovine gut. K. Schalich*, C. Mondoza, M. Das, L. Francoeur, S. Gurung, M. Vogellus, C. Detrick, and V. Selvaraj, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 67 12:15 PM LB101 Application of actinidin in milk protein hydrolysis. S. Kaur*1, T. Huppertz1,2, and T. Vasiljevic1, 1Institute for Sustainable Industries & Liveable Cities and College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, 2FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, the Netherlands, 3Food Quality & Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

12:30 PM LB102 Induction of leaky gut by repeated intramuscular injections of indomethacin to Holstein bull calves. L. R. Cangiano*1, B. K. McNeil1, L. N. Buss1, I. R. Ipharraguerre2, C. Villot3, T. J. DeVries1, and M. A. Steele1, 1Depart- ment of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 3Lallemand SAS, Blagnac, France.

12:45 PM LB103 Altering lactation ruminal microbiota in dairy cows using early-life rumen content dosing. M. S. Cox*1,2, P. J. Weimer3, A. J. Steinberger1,2, J. H. Skarlupka1,2, and G. Suen1, 1Department of Bacteriology, Univer- sity of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 2Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 3US Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI.

1:00 PM LB104 Clinical and inflammatory response to eucalcemia during a lipopolysaccharide challenge in early postpartum dairy cows. T. L. Chandler*, T. A. Westhoff, A. S. Sipka, and S. Mann, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

1:15 PM LB105 Glutathione reduced triacylglycerol content and altered lipid metabolism in primary liver cells enriched with hepatocytes. K. Gallagher*, Z. Zhou, and C. Collings, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

1:30 PM LB106 Bar-coded cattle facilitate video tracking on farm. N. Sadrzadeh*, B. H. Eagan, B. Foris, M. A. G. von Keyserlingk, and D. M. Weary, University of British Columbia, Van- couver, BC, Canada.

1:45 PM Discussion and Questions

Dairy Foods: Norm Olson Recognition Symposium Chair: John Lucey, Center for Dairy Research, University of Wisconsin–Madison 2:00 – 4:00 PM 2:00 PM S100 What I will always fondly remember about Norm Olson, my “Best of Class” mentor. M. Johnson*, Wisconsin Center for Dairy Research, Madison, WI.

2:25 PM S101 The biochemistry of cheese ripening and acceleration of its maturation: Overview and the contribution of the late Dr. Norman F. Olson. P. McSweeney*, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.

2:50 PM S102 Cheese structure: The beginning of cheese quality. D. Everett*, AgResearch and Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

3:15 PM S103 Rennet coagulation: A critical but complex process. J. Lucey*, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

3:40 PM Discussion and Questions

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 68 OTHER EVENTS: Sunday Afternoon/Evening

GSD Workshop: Publishing in the Journal of Dairy Science and Beyond Join editors-in-chief Paul Kononoff (Journal of Dairy Science; JDS) and Matt Lucy (JDS Communications; JDSC) for this workshop designed to help you prepare for the publishing process. We will focus on action- able steps you can take as an author to have a positive publishing experience, including best practices and tips to begin developing your manuscript for JDS and JDSC. 3:00 – 5:00 PM

Opening Session 5:00 – 6:00 PM

GSD Welcome Meeting 6:00 – 6:45 PM

GSD Social Mixer 7:00 – 8:00 PM

SAD Preconference Farm Tour and Undergrad Mixer (live) 7:30 – 9:00 PM

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 69 Monday, July 12

SYMPOSIA

Animal Health Symposium: Adipose Tissue in Transition Dairy Cows as an Integrator of Metabolic and Inflammatory Cues in Health and Disease – Session 1 Chair: Andres Contreras, Michigan State University Sponsor: Elanco Animal Health 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM 10:00 AM S118 Adipose tissue insulin resistance: Homeorhetic adaptation or risk factor for periparturient disease. G. R. Opsomer*1, J. De Koster2, and O. B. Pascottini1, 1Fac Vet Med, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium, 2Zoetis, Zaventem, Belgium.

10:40 AM S119 Adipose tissue endocrinology in the periparturient period of dairy cows. H. Sauerwein*1, S. Haeussler1, H. Sadri1,2, and M. H. Ghaffari1, 1University of Bonn, Bonn, NRW, Germany, 2University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

11:20 AM S120 A proteomics approach to unravel adipose tissue inflammatory responses in peripartum cows. M. Zachut*, Agriculture Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel.

Growth and Development/Midwest Branch Joint Symposium: Feeding and Managing the Preruminant Calf Chairs: Pete Erickson, University of New Hampshire, and Bradley Heins, University of Minnesota Sponsor: Elanco Animal Health 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM 10:00 AM S132 Nutritional regulation of growth and metabolic development in calves: Colostrum and milk. A. C. Welboren1, K. S. Hare1, J. N. Wilms1,2, L. N. Leal2, and M. A. Steele*1, 1Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Trouw Nutrition Research and Development, Amersfoort, the Netherlands.

10:30 AM S133 Low rumen pH in calves: Problem or opportunity? B. C. Agustinho1 and A. H. Laarman*2, 1Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow ID, 2Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada.

11:00 AM S134 Preweaned calf rearing options for dairy producers. B. J. Heins*, M. I. Endres, and K. T. Sharpe, University of Minnesota, West Central Research and Outreach Center, Morris, MN.

11:30 AM Discussion and Questions

Milk Protein and Enzymes Symposium: Opportunities to Create New Products with Mixed Dairy and Plant Proteins Chair: Hadi Eshpari, Tillamook Co. Creamery, Oregon State University 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM 10:00 AM S135 Sensory properties of plant and dairy foods: Opportunities? M. A. Drake*, M. D. Yates, H. R. M. Keefer, and C. M. Racette,North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 70 10:25 AM S136 Processing dairy proteins with plant proteins: Challenges and opportunities. M. Corredig*, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark.

10:50 AM S137 The power of fermentation: Modulating taste and texture in plant bases with novel culture solutions. M. Nygaard*, Chr. Hansen, Hoersholm, Denmark.

11:15 AM S138 Could dairy factories pivot to plant proteins? S. Loveday*, Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch New Zealand Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand.

11:40 AM Discussion and Questions

CSAS Symposium: Milk Synthesis: Unlocking the Mechanisms of Milk Protein and Fat Synthesis Chair: Xin Zhao, McGill University 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM 10:00 AM S185 Impact of post-absorptive energy source on mammary gland metabolism. K. Nichols*1,2, 1Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 2Trouw Nutrition R&D, Amersfoort, the Netherlands.

10:30 AM S186 An update on amino acid metabolism in support of lactation: The barrel has some rotten staves. M. D. Hanigan*, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

11:00 AM S187 The role of leaky gut and inflammation on milk component losses during heat stress: A mechanistic view. D. E. Rico*, CRSAD, Deschambault, QC, Canada.

11:30 AM Discussion and Questions

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 71 SAD/UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT COMPETITIONS

ADSA-SAD Dairy Foods Oral Competition Chair: Elizabeth Eckelkamp, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture 10:45 AM – 12:15 PM SC152 The effects of light oxidation on milk flavor and quality. Y. M. Longenecker*, K. E. Kaylegian, and D. R. Olver, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

SC153 COVID aid: Differing effects on the milk market. K. Hillis* and J. Bohlen, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

SC154 Upcycling whey through fermentation for an ethanol product. C. Putman* and D. Winston, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

SC155 Effects of dairy probiotics on human health. K. Edwards*, G. Mazon, and J. H. C. Costa, Dairy Science Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

SC156 Cheese intake improves cognitive function. T. Van Hout* and E. Eckelkamp, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN.

ADSA-SAD Dairy Production Oral Competition Chair: Rose Vaughan, North Carolina State University 10:45 AM – 12:15 PM SC157 Concentration of anti-Müllerian hormone in dairy heifers is positively associated with long-term reproductive merit and productive herd life. A. Rauton* and J. Bohlen, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

SC158 Feeding Asparagopsis taxiformis to inhibit dairy cattle methane production. K. A. Forbes* and D. R. Olver, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

SC159 Environmental enrichment to promote health and well-being for preweaned calves. S. Thomas*, K. Daniels, and D. Winston, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

SC160 Milk production and price trends reflected in the Federal Milk Marketing Orders. L. Foley* and E. Eckelkamp, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN.

SC161 Acidosis in dairy calves: Why we should worry and how can we manage it? C. Langford*, G. Mazon, and J. H. C. Costa, Dairy Science Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

ADSA-SAD Original Research Oral Competition Chair: Chad Dechow, Penn State University 10:45 AM – 12:15 PM SC162 Once-a-day milking to limit milk production and effect on udder firmness. G. M. DeMers* and C. D. Dechow, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

SC163 Evaluating the impact of bacterial load and IgG concentration in colostrum on passive transfer in dairy calves. S. Johnson* and J. Bohlen, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

SC164 Enhancing postweaning prepubertal mammary growth through application of estrogen. I. Leonard*, E. Harrison, M. Ellett, C. Parsons, A. Lengi, B. Corl, and K. Daniels, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 72 SC165 How personality affects dairy heifer response to music genres: An early investigation. R. Hall*, M. C. Cantor, M. Griffin, A. Martin, R. Drake, J. Doak, G. Mazon, and J. H. C. Costa, Dairy Science Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

SC166 Location differences in Tennessee dairy operations. A. McCalmon*, S. Schexnayder, A. Sen, D. Bilderback, and E. Eckelkamp, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knox- ville, TN.

SC167 Is greater milk production associated with cows who have a greater probability of ruminating while lying down? C. J. McWilliams*, A. J. Scwhanke, and T. J. DeVries, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

SC168 Effect of feeding rumen-protected methionine and lysine with or without an animal-derived source of rumen-undegradable protein on performance of mid-lactation cows. M. Machiela*1, A. N. Negreiro1, J. de Souza2, and A. L. Lock1, 1Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2Perdue AgriBusiness, Salisbury, MD.

ADSA-SAD Original Research Poster Competition Chair: Pete Erickson, University of New Hampshire 10:45 AM – 12:15 PM SC169 Associations between activity patterns during the dry period and calving events in dairy cattle. M. Shabloski*1, A. A. Barragan1, E. Hovingh1, and L. da Costa2, 1Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 2Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

SC170 Assessment of the effects of intrauterine dextrose infusion after calving on uterine health, metabolic stress, systemic inflammation, and daily milk yield in healthy postpartum dairy cows. H. Mattice*1, E. J. Arrieta2, A. A. Barragan1, S. Bas3, E. Hovingh1, and M. Martinez1, 1Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 2Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia, Costa Rica, 3Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

SC171 Valorization of buttermilk powder to produce a milk fat globule membrane (MFGM)-enriched ingredient. A. Carroll*, J. Ortega-Anaya, and R. Jiménez-Flores, Food Science Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

SC172 Effects of prolactin on de novo fatty acid synthesis in mammary epithelial cells. A. Beach*, A. C. Hruby, G. Kawecki, and M. D. Hanigan, Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

SC173 Evaluation of the use of intervaginal temperature monitors to assess postprandial body temperature changes. G. Combs*1, L. Cavani1, F. Baier1, M. Martin1, S. Erb1, M. VandeHaar2, J. Koltes3, K. Weigel1, F. Peñagaricano1, and H. White1, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 3Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

SC174 Probiotic survivability and health-promoting benefits of the bioaccessible compounds in fermented camel milk after in vitro digestion by INFOGEST2.0: Comparative study with fermented bovine milk. A. Al-Hammadi* and M. Ayyash, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.

SC175 Low-fat Akawi cheese made of bovine-camel blended milk: Rheological properties, texture profile, and microstructure. S. Al-Madhani* and M. Ayyash, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.

SC176 Functional properties of the bioaccessible compounds of low-fat Akawi cheese made of bovine-camel blended milk subjected to in vitro digestion by INFOGEST2.0. M. Alameri* and M. Ayyash, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 73 OTHER EVENTS: Monday Morning

Hallway Talk: Nutrition Hosted by Mike VandeHaar (Michigan State University), Normand St-Pierre (Perdue Agribusiness), Bill Weiss (The Ohio State University), Tanya Gressley (University of Delaware), and Paola Piantoni (Cargill Animal Nutrition) 9:00 – 10:00 AM

SAD First Business Meeting: Club Roll Call and Meet the Candidates (live, recorded) 9:30 – 10:15 AM

SAD Interviews for Outstanding Student, Selection of Outstanding Advisor (live) 10:45 AM – 12:15 PM

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 74 ORAL PRESENTATIONS (with live discussions at times indicated)

Breeding and Genetics 1 Chair: Francisco Peñagaricano, University of Wisconsin-Madison Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 193 Assessment of novel estrus-related traits derived from activity measurements in Holsteins. D. F. Cardoso*1, C. A. Rosenberg1,2, F. Malchiodi2, and C. F. Baes1,3, 1Center for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2The Semex Alliance, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

194 Novel fertility trait: Genetic parameters of reproductive tract size and position scoring. A. Martin*1, G. de Oliveira1, A. Madureira2, R. Cerri2, C. Baes1,3, and F. Schenkel1, 1Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

195 Genes and pathways associated with pregnancy loss in dairy cattle. A. Sigdel*1, R. S. Bisinotto2, and F. Peñagaricano1, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

196 Genetic and genomic evaluation of late-term abortion recorded through Dairy Herd Improvement test plans. M. Neupane*, J. L. Hutchison, J. B. Cole, C. P. Van Tassell, and P. M. VanRaden, Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD.

197 Evaluation of bull fertility in Italian Brown Swiss dairy cattle using cow field data. H. A. Pacheco*1, M. Battagin2, A. Rossoni2, A. Cecchinato3, and F. Peñagaricano1, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Italian Brown Breeders Association, Bussolengo, Verona, Italy, 3University of Padova, Legnaro, Padua, Italy.

198 Relationship of β-casein A2 genetics, production, and fertility of organic Holstein dairy cows. B. J. Heins*1, C. D. Dechow2, and L. C. Hardie2, 1University of Minnesota, Morris, MN, 2Pennsylvania State University, State Col- lege, PA.

199 Inheritance of a mutation causing neuropathy with splayed forelimbs in Jersey cattle. A. Al-Khudhair*1, D.J. Null1, J. Cole1, C. W. Wolfe2, and P. M. VanRaden1, 1USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 2American Jersey Cattle Association, Reynoldsburg, OH.

Dairy Foods: Cheese 1 Chair: Laura Colby, Land O' Lakes Inc. Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 207 Chemical and fatty acid composition of Manchego type and Panela cheeses manufactured from either hair sheep milk or cow milk. A. J. Chay-Canul1, A. A. Ochoa-Flores1, J. A. Hernández-Becerra2, J. R. Velázquez-Martínez1, J. M. Piña-Gutiérrez3, L. E. Hernán- dez-Castellano4, P. Toro-Mujica5, and E. Vargas-Bello-Pérez*6, 1División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Tabasco, México, 2División de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Tecnológica de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México, 3Rancho “El Rodeo.” Carretera Villahermosa-Jalapa, Tabasco, México, 4Department of Animal Science, AU-Foulum, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark, 5Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales (ICA3), Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando, Chile, 6Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

208 Impact of high pressure and low storage temperature on extending the shelf life of 2 types of string cheese. M. A. Becher*1, S. Govindasamy-Lucey2, J. J. Jaeggi2, M. E. Johnson2, and J. A. Lucey1,2, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madi- son, WI, 2Wisconsin Center for Dairy Research, Madison, WI.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 75 209 Textural characteristics of different varieties of commercial cow and goat milk cheeses stored under different temperature and time treatments. R. Paswan* and Y. W. Park, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA.

210 Impact of flavor adjunct culture type and ripening temperature on the properties of direct-salted Gouda cheese. Y. Gong*1, S. Govindasamy-Lucey2, J. Jaeggi2, M. Johnson2, and J. Lucey1,2, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Wisconsin Center for Dairy Research, Madison, WI.

211 Gas production by Paucilactobacillus wasatchensis WDCO4 is accelerated in Cheddar cheese containing sodium gluconate. D. J. McMahon*1, K. Sorenson2, M. Domek2, M. Culumber2, P. Sharma1, and C. J. Oberg2,1, 1Western Dairy Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 2Department of Microbiology, Weber State University, Ogden, UT.

212 Comparison of 3 generations of fermentation-produced chymosin for the production and ripening of Cheddar cheese. B. Li*1, D. S. Waldron1, M. A. Drake2, J. Lyne3, A. L. Kelly1, and P. L. H. McSweeney1, 1School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 2Department of Food Science, Southeast Dairy Foods Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 3Chr. Hansen A/S, Hoersholm, Denmark.

Physiology and Endocrinology 1 Chair: Massimo Bionaz, Oregon State University Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 219 Opportunities and limitations of milk mid-infrared spectra–based estimation of acetone and β-hydroxybutyrate for the prediction of hyperketonemia in dairy cows. M. O. Caldeira1, D. Dan1, A.-L. Neuheuser1, R. Stürmlin1, C. Weber1, D. L. Glauser2, M. Stierli2, U. Schuler3, J. Moll3, S. Wegmann3, R. M. Bruckmaier1, and J. J. Gross*1, 1Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 2Suisselab AG, Zollikofen, Switzerland, 3Qualitas AG, Zug, Switzerland.

220 Effects of body condition on the insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress of lactating dairy cows. J. J. Wu*, J. X. Liu, and D. M. Wang, Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zheji- ang, China.

221 Muscle proteomes of periparturient dairy cows exposed to circadian disruption indicate increased mitochondrial oxidation and cellular stress. C. J. McCabe*1, U. K. Aryal2, J. P. Boerman1, and T. M. Casey1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafay- ette, IN, 2Bindley Proteomics Core, Purdue University at Discovery Park, West Lafayette, IN.

222 Anandamide enhances barrier integrity of bovine vascular endothelial cells during endotoxin challenge via cannabinoid receptor-1 activation. C. C. F. Walker* and L. M. Sordillo, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

223 Energy balance, calcium homeostasis, and bone metabolism: Preliminary data. M. O. Matthaei1, J. Rehage1, G. Szura1, I. Leiter1, K. Hansen2, S. Daenicke3, D. von Soosten3, S. Kersten3, U. Meyer3, and M. R. Wilkens*2,4, 1Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany, 2Institute of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany, 3Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany, 43Department of Animal Sciences, Animal Nutrition Physiology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Lower Saxony, Germany.

224 Effects of dietary octanoic acid supplementation on performance and rectal temperature in heat-stressed lactating cows. L. Han* and C. Dechow, Department of Dairy and Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.

Ruminant Nutrition: Carbohydrates and Lipids 1 Chair: Joe McFadden, Cornell University Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 264 Palmitic and oleic acids modulate lipogenesis in dairy cow adipocytes. U. Abou-Rjeileh*, A. L. Lock, and G. A. Contreras, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 76 265 Effects of high oleic expeller-pressed soybean meal on milk fat and fatty acid digestibility in dairy cows. S. L. Bennett*, R. Bomberger, and K. Harvatine, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.

266 Altering the ratio of palmitic and stearic acids in supplemental fatty acid blends impacts production responses of mid-lactation dairy cows. A. M. Burch*, M. E. Kloboves, and A. L. Lock, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

267 Milk production responses to altering the ratio of palmitic and oleic acids in diets with high or low metabolizable protein with supplemental methionine and lysine. A. N. Negreiro* and A. L. Lock, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

268 Altering the ratio of dietary palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids during the immediate postpartum affects production responses of early-lactation dairy cows. J. M. dos Santos Neto*, C. M. Prom, and A. L. Lock, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

269 Lysophosphatidylcholine enhances the oxidative burst response, inflammatory cytokine secretion, Escherichiaand coli kill- ing in polymorphonuclear neutrophils derived from Holsten heifer calves. B. N. Tate* and J. W. McFadden, Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

270 Interaction of parity and sodium acetate supplementation on milk production. C. Matamoros* and K. Harvatine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

Teaching/Undergraduate and Graduate Education 1 Chair: Gail Carpenter, Iowa State University Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 271 The effect of case-based teaching methods compared with lecture-based teaching methods on students’ knowledge in a senior dairy management course. L. Papinchak*1, N. Roman-Muniz1, L. Edwards-Callaway1, T. Buchan2, J. Todd2, and M. C. Cramer1, 1Colorado State University, Department of Animal Sciences, Fort Collins, CO, 2Colorado State University, The Institute for Learning and Teaching, Fort Col- lins, CO.

Animal Behavior and Well-Being 1 Chair: Alex Bach, IRTA, ICREA Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 167 Opinions of Ontario producers on the use of pain control for disbudding and dehorning dairy calves. J. Saraceni*1, D. Renaud1, E. Nelson2, J. Van Os3, C. Miltenburg4, and C. Winder1, 1Department of Population Medicine, Univer- sity of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 4Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Guelph, ON, Canada.

168 Impact of plane of nutrition and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment on wound healing following cautery -dis budding in preweaned dairy calves. C. N. Reedman*1, T. F. Duffield1, T. J. DeVries2, K. D. Lissemore1, C. B. Tucker3, S. J. J. Adcock4, and C. B. Winder1, 1Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, 4Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

169 Dairy farmer, veterinarian, and hoof trimmer perceptions of barriers in lameness management. E. Wynands*1, S. Roche2, G. Cramer1, and B. Ventura3, 1University of Minnesota, Department of Veterinary Population Medi- cine, St Paul, MN, 2ACER Consulting, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3University of Minnesota, Department of Animal Science, St Paul, MN.

170 Perspectives of Western Canadian dairy farmers on providing outdoor access for dairy cows. A. M. C. Smid*1, P. H. J. Inberg1, S. de Jong1, S. Sinclair1, M. A. G. von Keyserlingk2, D. M. Weary2, and H. W. Barkema1, 1Univer- sity of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 77 171 United States dairy producers’ perceptions of male dairy calves. K. Creutzinger*1,2, J. Pempek2, S. Locke2, D. Renaud1, K. Proudfoot3, K. George2, D. Wilson1, and G. Habing2, 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 3University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada.

172 The effect of long-distance transportation on lying behavior of surplus dairy calves. K. Creutzinger*1, H. Goetz1, K. Proudfoot2, and D. Renaud1, 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada.

Breeding and Genetics 2 Chair: Paul VanRaden, USDA Animal Genomics and Improvement Lab Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 200 Single-step genomic predictions for yield traits in US Holsteins with unknown parent groups and phenotype-pedigree trun- cation. D. Lourenco*1, A. Cesarani1, Y. Masuda1, S. Tsuruta1, E. Nicolazzi2, P. M. VanRaden3, and I. Misztal1, 1University of Georgia, Ath- ens, GA, 2Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding, Bowie, MD, 3AGIL-USDA, Beltsville, MD.

201 Are indirect genomic predictions a good option as the number of genotypes continues to rise? S. Tsuruta*1, D. A. L. Lourenco1, Y. Masuda1, I. Misztal1, and T. J. Lawlor2, 1University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 2Holstein Associa- tion USA Inc., Brattleboro, VT.

202 Automatic scaling in single-step genomic BLUP. M. Bermann*, D. Lourenco, and I. Misztal, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

203 Partitioning SNP heritability in related individuals. J. Jiang*1, P. M. VanRaden2, L. Ma3, and J. R. O’Connell4, 1Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 2Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, 3Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 4Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

204 Scalable mixed model approach for mapping omnigenic core genes. J. Jiang*1, P. M. VanRaden2, L. Ma3, and J. R. O’Connell4, 1Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 2Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, 3Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 4Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

205 Accounting for X chromosome and allele frequencies in genomic inbreeding estimation. J. P. Nani* and P. M. VanRaden, ARS-USDA, Beltsville, MD.

206 Identifying family clusters within the US Holstein population to manage genetic diversity. Y. Steyn*1, T. Lawlor2, Y. Masuda1, D. A. L. Lourenco1, S. Tsuruta1, and I. Misztal1, 1University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 2US Holstein Association, Brattleboro, VT.

Dairy Foods: Cheese and Microbiology 2 Chair: Sam Alcaine, Cornell University Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 213 3D printing applications for cheese: Process evaluation and public perception. M. M. Ross*, S. V. Crowley, M. B. McCarthy, A. P. Morrison, A. M. Collins, J. Oliveira, S. Crotty, and A. L. Kelly, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.

214 Use of wear behavior and material properties for predicting shreddability of process cheese. J. D. Young, D. J. McMahon, and P. Sharma*, Utah State University, Logan, UT.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 78 215 Effect of emulsifying salt, and age of natural cheese on microstructure, wear behavior and grating properties of process cheese. J. D. Young, A. H. Vollmer, D. J. McMahon, and P. Sharma*, Utah State University, Logan, UT.

216 The synergism of lactic acid bacteria and its impact on their bioactivities in a consortium. S. Badiger*, I. García-Cano, and R. Jiménez-Flores, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

217 Comparative peptidomic and metatranscriptomic analyses reveal improved γ-aminobutyric acid production machinery in Levilactobacillus brevis NPS-QW 145 cocultured with Streptococcus thermophilus ASCC1275 during milk fermentation. T. T. Xiao*, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

218 Milk fat globule membrane phospholipids modify adhesion of Lactobacillus to mucus-producing Caco-2/Goblet models by altering their cell envelope. J. Ortega-Anaya* and R. Jiménez-Flores, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

Physiology and Endocrinology 2 Chair: Massimo Bionaz, Oregon State University Live discussion: 12:30 PM – 1:00 PM 325 Effects of 2 different prepartum diets for improvement of calcium homeostasis on postpartum reproductive outcomes. P. L. J. Monteiro*, W. S. Frizzarini, J. Campolina, A. Vang, and L. L. Hernandez, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

326 Body condition prepartum and its association with placentome nutrient transport, one-carbon metabolism, and amino acid utilization in Holstein cows. A. Aboragah*1, A. Alharthi1,2, V. Lopreiato2, Y. Liang1, and J. J. Loor1, 1University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 3Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.

327 Randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of a prepartum cholecalciferol injection on postpartum calcium dynamics and health and performance in multiparous dairy cows. P. L. Venjakob*1, L. Bauerfeind2, R. Staufenbiel2, M. R. Wilkens4, C. Weber3, W. Heuwieser1, and S. Borchardt1, 1Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2Ruminant Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, Laboratory for Clinical Diagnostics, Bad Kissin- gen, Germany, 4Department of Animal Sciences, Animal Nutrition Physiology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.

328 Association of genomic prediction of daughter pregnancy rate and ovulatory responses in Holstein cows receiving a Double OvSynch program. R. Martinez*1,2, R. G. S. Bruno3, G. Pena3, R. Cleale3, G. H. Choi1, and F. S. Lima1, 11Department of Population Health and Repro- duction, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, 2California State University, Fresno, CA, 3Zoetis Inc., Parsippany, NJ.

329 Ability of rumination time in the first week after calving to detect Simmental dairy cows with different metabolic status and milk performance in early lactation: A cluster-analytic approach. V. Lopreiato*1, A. Minuti1, M. H. Ghaffari2, J. J. Loor3, and E. Trevisi1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Fac- ulty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy, 2Institute of Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 3Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.

330 Late gestational muscle and adipose diameter affect nutrient partitioning and production performance of periparturient cattle. C. J. McCabe*, A. Suarez-Trujillo, T. M. Casey, and J. P. Boerman, Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 79 Ruminant Nutrition: Carbohydrates and Lipids 2 Chair: Joe McFadden, Cornell University Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 367 Effects of Enogen corn silage and grain on ruminal fermentation and nutrient flows and bacterial protein synthesis in lactating cows. L. R. Rebelo*1, W. P. Weiss1, M. Eastridge2, and C. Lee1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Devel- opment Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 2Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

368 Milk metabolome from dairy goats fed with sunflower and rapeseed oil supplements. E. Vargas-Bello-Pérez*1, J. Khushvakov2, Y. Ye2, N. C. Pedersen1, H. H. Hansen1, L. Ahrné2, and B. Khakimov2, 1Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark, 2Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

369 Effect of whole cottonseed on production responses of lactating dairy cows: A meta-analysis. J. M. dos Santos Neto*, A. M. Burch, M. Kloboves, and A. L. Lock, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

370 Supplemental palmitic acid and chromium propionate impact production responses during the immediate postpartum period in multiparous dairy cows. J. Parales-Giron*, J. M. dos Santos Neto, and A. L. Lock, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

371 Physical characterization of milk fat from dairy cows fed supplemental palmitic or stearic acid. M. Kiser1, R. Shepardson*1,2, and K. Harvatine1, 1The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 2Milk Specialties Global, Eden Prairie, MN.

372 Interaction of dietary fiber level and sodium acetate supplementation on milk production and total-tract digestibility. C. Matamoros* and K. Harvatine, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

Animal Behavior and Well-Being 2 Chair: Barbara Jones, Tarleton State University Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 272 Estimating dry matter intake of transition dairy cows through multiple on-cow accelerometer sensors. T. C. Michelotti*, S. Encarnación, and J. S. Osorio, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

273 Differences in dry matter intake of primiparous and multiparous lactating dairy cows assessed through multiple on-cow accelerometer sensors. T. C. Michelotti*1, S. Encarnación1, J. Halfen1,2, T. Fernandes3, M. Suazo1, J. Bonilla1, A. Paz1, M. Bulnes1, and J. S. Osorio1, 1South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, 3Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.

274 Defining physiological indicators of heat stress and their relationship to health scores of preweaned dairy calves housed individually in outdoor hutches. K. N. Brost*, M. L. Pister, C. A. Hayes, and J. K. Drackley, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.

275 Development and validation of an individual heat abatement tool for dairy cattle. G. Mazon*1, P. D. Montgomery2, J. Jackson2, M. Hayes2, and J. H. C. Costa1, 1Dairy Science Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 2Biosystems Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

276 Effect of concentrate allowance and cow personality on the behavior and production of dairy cows after training to use a free-traffic automated milking system. A. J. Schwanke*1, K. M. Dancy1, G. B. Penner2, R. Bergeron1, and T. J. DeVries1, 1Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

277 Impact of concentrate allowance and cow personality on the adaptability of dairy cows introduced to a free-traffic automated milking system. A. J. Schwanke*1, K. M. Dancy1, G. B. Penner2, R. Bergeron1, and T. J. DeVries1, 1Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 80 278 Mind the queue: A case study in identifying heterogeneous behavioral patterns in high-dimensional livestock sensor data using unsupervised machine learning tools. C. McVey*1, F. Hsieh1, D. M. Alvarez2, P. Pinedo2, and K. Horback1, 1University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 2Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.

Physiology and Endocrinology 3 Chair: Massimo Bionaz, Oregon State University Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 433 Impact of heat stress and glycemic state on plasma γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in lactating Holstein cows. A. G. Arneson*, J. W. Stewart, M. K. Harrod, H. M. Newberne, M. K. Burgess, J. A. Jordan, R. R. White, A. D. Ealy, S. W. El-Kadi, R. P. Rhoads, and M. L. Rhoads, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

434 Effects of heat stress on ruminal volatile fatty acid concentrations and gastrointestinal microbiome in weaned Holstein calves supplemented with or without dietary organic acid and plant botanicals. A. B. P. Fontoura*1, V. Sáinz de la Maza-Escolà1,2, M. X. Rodrigues1, A. Javaid1, E. Grilli2,3, M. E. Van Amburgh1, R. C. Bicalho1, and J. W. McFadden1, 1Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 3Vetagro Inc., Chicago, IL.

435 Heat stress and glycemic state alter milk production and composition in Holstein dairy cows. J. W. Stewart*, H. M. Newberne, M. K. Harrod, A. G. Arneson, V. M. Negron-Perez, R. R. White, S. W. El-Kadi, A. D. Ealy, R. P. Rhoads, and M. L. Rhoads, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

436 Rumen-protected methionine during heat stress alters hepatic cystathionine β-synthase and methionine adenosyltransfer- ase activity. D. N. Coleman*1, Q. Jiang1, M. Vailati-Riboni1, R. T. Pate1, D. Luchini2, F. C. Cardoso1, and J. J. Loor1, 1Department of Animal Sci- ences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Adisseo, Alpharetta, GA.

437 Liver microRNA profile in heat-stressed cows substantially differs from that in pair-fed Holstein cows. N. Reisinger*1, S. Rodriguez-Jimenez2, J. Faas1, M. Hackel3, and L. H. Baumgard2, 1BIOMIN Research Center, Tulln, Austria, 2Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 3TAmiRNA GmbH, Vienna, Austria.

438 Hepatic insulin and antioxidant signaling are altered by rumen-protected methionine during heat stress in response to lipopolysaccharide challenge. D. N. Coleman*1, P. Totakul1,2, Q. Jiang1, N. Onjai-uea1,3, M. Vailati-Riboni1, R. T. Pate1, D. Luchini4, F. C. Cardoso1, and J. J. Loor1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, 3Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Rat- chasima, Thailand, 4Adisseo, Alpharetta, GA.

Reproduction 1 Chair: Luciano Caixeta, University of Minnesota Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 238 Replacing the first gonadotropin-releasing hormone treatment in an Ovsynch protocol with human chorionic gonadotropin decreased pregnancies per AI in lactating dairy cows. E. M. Cabrera*1, M. R. Lauber1, T. Valdes-Arciniega2, M. S. El Azzi2, J. P. N. Martins2, T. R. Bilby3, and P. M. Fricke1, 1Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wiscon- sin–Madison, Madison, WI, 3Merck Animal Health, Kenilworth, NJ.

239 Effect of human chorionic gonadotropin post-AI on time to conceptus attachment in lactating dairy cows. A. Santos*, T. Minela, and J. Pursley, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

240 Effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) dose and an additional GnRH treatment 2 days following the initiation of Resynch-25 on fertility of lactating dairy cows. C. E. C. Consentini*1, M. S. El Azzi2,3, I. M. R. Leão2, T. Valdés-Arciniega2, E. Anta-Galván2, L. O. Silva1, R. Sartori1, and J. P. N. Mar- tins2, 1Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture of University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, 2Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 3Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 81 241 Effect of human chorionic gonadotropin on d 0 and 5 of the estrous cycle on pregnancy per embryo transfer in recipient dairy heifers. M. S. El Azzi*1,2, R. V. Sala3, I. M. R. Leão1, E. Anta-Galván1, V. C. Fricke3, V. A. Absalon-Medina3,4, M. Dominguez3, J. C. de Souza2, and J. P. N. Martins1, 1Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madi- son, WI, 2Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil, 3ST-Genetics, South Charleston, OH, 4Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

242 Pregnancy outcomes of nulliparous Holstein heifers inseminated with sexed semen after submission to 5-d or 6-d CIDR

protocols and timed AI or once-daily detection of estrus and AI after treatment with prostaglandin2α F . M. R. Lauber*, E. M. Cabrera, J. J. Parrish, and P. M. Fricke, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin– Madison, Madison, WI.

243 Evaluation of a rapid resynchronization program that allows timed embryo transfer every 21 days. J. P. Andrade*1, V. Gomez-León1,2, G. Madureira1, L. C. Sartori1, G. F. Grillo1,3, P. L. Monteiro1, M. Fosado4, R. V. Sala4, R. Sartori5, and M. C. Wiltbank1, 1University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 2Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 3Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil, 4ST Genetics, Kewaskum, WI, 5University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP Brazil.

Ruminant Nutrition: Calves and Heifers 1 Chair: Ranga Appuhamy, Iowa State University Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 258 Effects of live yeast supplementation on calf intake and growth under stressful conditions. S. J. Davies*1, G. Esposito1,2, C. Villot3, E. Chevaux3, and E. Raffrenato1,2, 1Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, WC, South Africa, 2RUM&N Consulting, Reggio Emilia, Italy, 3Lallemand SAS, Blagnac, France.

259 The effect of feeding acidified colostrum on fecal microbiota in Holstein dairy calves throughout the weaning transition. M. Hennessy*, N. Indugu, B. Smith, S. Cady, M. Kristula, and D. Pitta, Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, Uni- versity of Pennsylvania-School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA.

260 The effect of tributyrin supplementation to milk replacer on growth performance and microbiota of dairy bull calves. S. Liu*1, J. Wu2, J. Zhou1, J. Ma1, and Z. Cao1, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Tech- nology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, 2Institute of Animal Science, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou, China.

261 The effects of a phytogenic feed additive on stress markers in calves subjected to a diurnal heat stress bout. H. K. J. P. Wickramasinghe*1, N. Stepanchenko1, M. J. Oconitrillo1, J. V. V. Silva1, B. M. Goetz1, M. A. Abeyta1, S. M. Ramirez2, G. R. Murugesan2,3, A. Tacconi3, L. H. Baumgard1, and J. A. D. R. N. Appuhamy1, 1Department of Animal Science, Iowa State Univer- sity, Ames, IA, 2BIOMIN America Inc., Overland Park, KS, 3BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Getzersdorf, Austria.

262 Effects of preweaning l-glutamine supplementation on growth performance and health measures in Holstein heifer calves. G. Ceja*1, J. P. Boerman1, R. C. Neves2, J. P. Schoonmaker1, M. W. Jorgensen3, R. N. Klopp1, A. T. Richards1, and J. S. Johnson3, 1Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 3USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN.

263 Nucleotide dietary supplementation in calves: Effects on calf immune response. P. De Palo*1, F. R. Dinardo1, G. Elia1, M. F. Sgarro1, G. M. Liuzzi2, G. Calzaretti1, and E. Casalino1, 1Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, Valenzano, BA, Italy, 2Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari A. Moro, Bari, BA, Italy.

Animal Behavior and Well-Being 3 Chair: Amber Adams-Progar, Washington State University Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 390 Outcome-based welfare measures of high-producing Holstein drylot–housed dairy cattle across regional benchmarks in the United States and Mexico. K. M. Luchterhand*, Novus International Inc., St. Charles, MO.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 82 391 Behavioral changes in grazing dairy cows with metritis during 2 calving seasons. R. Held*1, D. Cartes1, and P. Sepúlveda-Varas2, 1Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile (UACh), Valdivia, Región de Los Ríos, Chile, 2Instituto de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, UACh, Valdivia, Región de Los Ríos, Chile.

392 The impact of the social environment on the behavior of late pregnant dairy cattle. K. Creutzinger*1, H. Dann2, P. Krawczel3, and K. Proudfoot4, 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2William H. Miner Ag- ricultural Institute, Chazy, NY, 3University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, 4University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada.

393 The use of proximity loggers for estimation of affiliative and agnostic traits in Holstein calves’ social network. Y. A. Ben Meir*1, I. Izhaki2, M. C. Zinder1, and A. Shabtay1, 1Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon Lezion, Israel, 2Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, The Faculty of Natural Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.

394 New adventures are easier with a buddy: Postweaning behavioral differences in individual and pair-housed dairy calves. L. Patton*2, B. Ventura2, and W. Knauer1, 1Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 2Department of Animal Science, College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sci- ences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN.

500 Comparison of fan type and cow temperatures during summer conditions on a California dairy. S. T. Smith*, K. C. Dhuyvetter, and P. W. Jardon, Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN.

Growth and Development 1 Chair: Pete Erickson, University of New Hampshire Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 420 Gradual weaning based on dry matter intake: Effects on feeding behavior and weight gains. A. Welk*, H. W. Neave, M. A. G. von Keyserlingk, and D. M. Weary, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

421 Do different types of prolonged cow-calf contact affect dairy calves’ health and growth? M. L. Wenker*1, C. M. Verwer2, E. A. M. Bokkers1, and C. G. van Reenen3, 1Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 2Louis Bolk Institute, Bunnik, the Netherlands, 3Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

422 Maternal Cu, Mn, and Zn supplementation alters muscle morphometry and innate immune response in lambs. H. Tucker*, J. Chen, S. Bettis, K. Cook, D. Hancock, and M. Vazquez-Anon, Novus International, St Charles, MO.

423 Effect of a whey-based starter on calf performance when fed different milk levels. S. D. Parsons*1, K. E. Leslie2, M. A. Steele1, D. L. Renaud2, and T. J. DeVries1, 1Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

424 Effects of feeding medium-chain fatty acids on the adaptive immune response of Holstein dairy calves during the first 60 days of life. R. N. Klopp*1, J. R. Hernandez Franco2, H. HogenEsch2, T. S. Dennis3, K. E. Cowles3, and J. P. Boerman1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2Department of Comparative Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 3Nurture Research Center, Cargill Animal Nutrition, Lewisburg, OH.

425 Effects of feeding medium-chain fatty acids on the growth performance and health of Holstein dairy calves through 60 days of age. R. N. Klopp*1, T. S. Dennis2, K. E. Cowles2, and J. P. Boerman1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafay- ette, IN, 2Nurture Research Center, Cargill Animal Nutrition, Lewisburg, OH.

426 Peripheral blood mononuclear cell mitochondrial enzyme activity in dairy heifers from birth to lactation. A. M. Niesen* and H. A. Rossow, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.

427 Morphological remodeling of adipocytes in mammary glands of dry period of dairy goats. N. Jiang*, J. Liu, and H. Shi, Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 83 Lactation Biology 1 Chair: Sha Tao, University of Georgia Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 428 Milk metabolites: A novel noninvasive approach to assess energy balance in dairy cattle. A. Leduc*1,3, S. Souchet1,3, F. Le Provost2, A. Fischer1,3, P. Faverdin1, J. Pires4, M. Gelé3, and M. Boutinaud1, 1INRAE, Institut Agro, PEGASE, Saint-Gilles, France, 2Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France, 3Institut de l’Elevage, Beaucouzé, France, 4INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, VetAgro Sup, UMR H, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.

429 In utero hyperthermia impacts early-life dairy calf mammary development. B. Dado-Senn*1, S. L. Field1, B. D. Davidson1, A. J. Geiger2, G. E. Dahl3, and J. Laporta1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sci- ences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Research and Nutritional Services Department, Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN, 3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

430 Mammary gland transcriptome analysis in lactating cows reveals differential mechanisms associated with milk energy- ef ficiency and the response to high- and low-starch diets. X. Dai*1,3, W. Li1, A. Fischer2, and K. F. Kalscheur1, 1U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI, 2Institut de l’élevage, Beaucouzé, France, 3Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK.

431 Mammary epithelial cell extrusion into milk is inversely related to milk yield. H. H. Hanling*, A. J. Lengi, M. L. McGilliard, and B. A. Corl, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

432 Modulation of mammary gland secretory activity and prolactin signaling by incomplete milking. A.-M. Deacon*1, R. Blouin1, and P. Lacasse2, 1Univeristé de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 2AAFC-Sherbrooke R&D Center, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.

Reproduction 2 Chair: Luciano Caixeta, University of Minnesota Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 348 The use of automated infrared thermography and tail movement to detect in estrus Holstein cows. H. J. Perez Marquez*1, A. L. Schaefer2,1, H. von Gaza3, D. J. Ambrose4,1, N. J. Cook4,1, and C. J. Bench1, 1University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Animal Inframetrics, Lacombe, AB, Canada, 3HVG Software Solutions, Tofield, AB, Canada, 4Livestock Research and Extension Branch, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

349 Effect of first-service management programs including AI at detected estrus based on automated estrus alerts and estrus occurrence during the voluntary waiting period on reproductive outcomes of dairy cows. C. Rial*, A. L. Laplacette, and J. O. Giordano,Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

350 Effect of reproductive programs that prioritized timed AI or AI at detected estrus on cash flow of primiparous dairy cows. E. Sitko*, M. M. Pérez, and J. O. Giordano, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

351 Economic impact of adding a second prostaglandin F2α treatment during an Ovsynch protocol using a meta-analytical assessment and a stochastic simulation model. S. Borchardt*1, C. Tippenhauer1, P. Fricke2, and W. Heuwieser1, 1Clinic of Animal Reproduction, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

352 Economic analysis of 3 strategies for submission of nulliparous Holstein heifers for first insemination using sexed semen. M. R. Lauber*, V. E. Cabrera, and P. M. Fricke, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 84 Ruminant Nutrition: General 1 Chair: Fernanda Batistel, Utah State University Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 353 Assessment of the effects of intrauterine dextrose infusion on clinical cure rate, daily milk yield, daily rumination, metabolic stress, systemic inflammation, and reproductive performance in postpartum dairy cows diagnosed with clinical metritis. J. Hamilton*1, A. A. Barragan1, E. Hovingh1, M. Martinez1, S. Bas2, J. Zug3, and S. Hann3, 1Department of Veterinary and Biomedi- cal Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 2Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State Univer- sity, Columbus, OH, 3Zugstead Farm, Mifflintown, PA.

354 Production performance and metabolism of Holstein cows fed low protein diets balanced for lysine, methionine, and histidine during heat stress. A. Ruiz-González*1,2, Y. H. Leung3, A. Celimin2, A. Kenez3, P. Y. Chouinard1, R. Gervais1, H. Lapierre4, D. R. Ouellet4, and D. E. Rico2, 1Université Laval, Quebec, Canada, 2CRSAD, Deschambault, QC, Canada, 3Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 4Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada/Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sher- brooke, QC, Canada.

355 The impact of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on performance and metabolic and immunological responses to a feed restriction challenge of mid-lactation dairy cows. T. N. Marins*1, F. A. Gutierrez Oviedo1, M. L. G. F. Costa1, Y.-C. Chen1, H. Goodnight1, M. Garrick1, D. J. Hurley2, J. K. Bernard1, I. Yoon3, and S. Tao1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 2Food Animal Health and Management Program, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 3Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA.

356 Transition diet starch content impacts colostrum and transition milk composition and immunoglobulin G and insulin -con centrations in Holstein dairy cattle. A. Fischer-Tlustos*1, K. Hare1, J. Haisan2, W. Shi2, J. Cant1, M. Oba2, and M. Steele1, 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

357 Derivation of the maintenance energy requirements and efficiency of metabolizable energy utilization for dry and lactating Jersey cows. D. L. Morris*1,2 and P. J. Kononoff1, 1University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2Perdue AgriBusiness, Salisbury, MD.

358 The dose responsive induction of acute hyperketonemia by ruminal infusion of calcium butyrate in dairy cows. D. E. Rico1, A. Celemín-Sarmiento1, and J. E. Rico*2, 1Centre de recherche en sciences animales de Deschambault, Québec, Canada, 2University of Maryland, College Park, MD.

359 Effect of a specific blend of flavonoids on lactation performance when fed to Holstein dairy cows during the transition- pe riod and beyond. S. E. Schuling*1, D. E. Schimek1, G. Camacho2, D. Ruiz2, and A. Lago2, 1NutriQuest, Mason City, IA, 2DairyExperts, Tulare, CA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 85 OTHER EVENTS: Monday Afternoon

SAD Undergraduate Student Career Panel (live, recorded) 1:00 – 2:00 PM

Live Text Chats with Poster Presenters 2:00 – 3:00 PM

GSD Three-Minute Thesis (live, recorded) 2:00 – 3:00 PM

SAD Small Group Mentoring Session 1 (advance sign-up required) 2:15 – 3:30 PM

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 86 SYMPOSIA

ADSA Southern Branch Symposium: Managing Heat Stress in a Warmer Planet Chair: Agustin Ríus, University of Tennessee 4:00 – 6:00 PM 4:00 PM S113 The role of inflammation in chronic heat stress and its effects on growth, efficiency, and well-being in livestock. D. Yates*, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE.

4:20 PM S114 Managing heat stress in a warmer planet: Impact of increasing cutaneous heat loss. R. J. Collier*, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.

4:40 PM S115 Heat abatement options for pastured dairy cattle. A. E. Stone*, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS.

5:00 PM S116 Managing heat stress in grazing dairy cows. F. R. Dunshea*1,2 and S. S. Chauhan1, 1Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia, 2Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.

5:20 PM S117 Effect of in utero hyperthermia on postnatal sweating physiology. J. Laporta*, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

5:40 PM Discussion and Questions

Animal Health Symposium: Adipose Tissue in Transition Dairy Cows as an Integrator of Metabolic and Inflammatory Cues in Health and Disease – Session 2 Chair: Johan Osorio, South Dakota State University Sponsor: Elanco Animal Health 4:00 – 6:00 PM 4:00 PM S121 Oxidative stress in the adipose tissue: Magnifying the risk for periparturient disease. G. A. Contreras*, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

4:40 PM S122 Adipose tissue in transition dairy cows: What is our current understanding and how can we apply this to herd management? S. Mann*, Cornell University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY.

5:20 PM Panel Discussion

Dairy Foods Symposium: Reducing Dairy Food Loss and Waste Chair: Nicole Martin, Cornell University 4:00 – 6:00 PM 4:00 PM S128 The global impact of food loss and waste. J. C. Buzby*, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.

4:25 PM S129 Controlling spoilage to reduce food loss and waste in dairy foods. N. Martin*, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

4:50 PM S130 The role of consumers in dairy food waste. C. Campbell* and G. Henningsen, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

5:15 PM S131 Novel solutions for valorization of dairy waste. J. L. Guzman*, Capro-X, Ithaca, NY.

5:40 PM Discussion and Questions 2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 87 OTHER EVENTS: Monday Evening

SAD Virtual Game Night (live via Zoom) 7:15 – 9:00 PM

Hallway Talk: Nutrition and Forages Sponsored by Feedworks Hosted by Frank Dunshea (University of Melbourne), with Kristy DiGiacomo (University of Melbourne), Phillip “Pip” Gale (president, Australian Association of Ruminant Nutrition), Ian Sawyer (Feedworks), and Mike VandeHaar (Michigan State University) 9:00 – 10:00 PM

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 88 Tuesday, July 13

SYMPOSIA

Animal Health and NMC Joint Symposium: Management Strategies to Enhance Health of Dairy Cows During the Transition Period – Session 1 Chair: Eduardo de Souza Ribeiro, University of Guelph 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM 10:00 AM S139 Variation in estimation methods and economic impacts of transition cow diseases. F. Ferreira*, Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California–Davis, Tulare, CA.

10:30 AM S140 Using automated health monitoring systems to improve health monitoring and management of transition dairy cows. J. Giordano*, M. M. Perez, C. Rial, M. L. Stangaferro, and A. L. Laplacette,Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

11:00 AM S141 Optimizing transition cow success in robotically milked dairy facilities. B. Treichler*, Select Milk Producers, Oneida, WI.

11:30 AM S142 Opportunities to improve resilience and health traits in dairy breeding programs. H. Mulder*1, M. Poppe1, M. van Pelt2, and R. Veerkamp1, 1Wageningen University and Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 2Cooperation CRV, Animal Evaluation Unit, Arnhem, the Netherlands.

Breeding and Genetics Symposium: Genetics of Milk Chair: Francisco Peñagaricano, University of Wisconsin-Madison 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM 10:00 AM S123 Genes that alter milk composition and their marketability. H. Bovenhuis*, Animal Breeding and Genomics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

10:20 AM S124 Genomic testing for milk composition: Past, present, future. L. Mastro*, R. Kephart, R. Ferretti, and R. Tait, Neogen GeneSeek Operations, Lincoln, NE.

10:40 AM S125 The effects of the rumen microbiome on milk fat composition. D. Bickhart*, USDA ARS Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI.

11:00 AM S126 Abstract not provided.

11:20 AM S127 Dairy processors view on milk marketing and the rise of plant-based protein products. C. J. Hollander*, Danone, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

11:40 AM Discussion and Questions

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 89 Dairy Foods Symposium: Making Lactose the Carb of Choice Chair: Rohit Kapoor, National Dairy Council Sponsor: National Dairy Council 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM 10:00 AM S155 Lactose: Designed to deliver. T. Huppertz*1,2, 1FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, the Netherlands, 2Wageningen University and Research, Wagenin- gen, the Netherlands.

10:25 AM S156 Mining value-added, naturally derived sweeteners from dairy co-product streams. Z. Wang* and J. M. Goddard, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

10:50 AM S157 Polylactose: An emerging ingredient for human health. T. Schoenfuss*, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

11:15 AM S158 Lactose-derived oligosaccharides: Sources, technology, bioactivity, and health benefits. D. Barile*, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA.

11:40 AM Discussion and Questions

EAAP Exchange Symposium: Limits in Production Growth on Level of Cow, Farm, and Industry Chair: Albert De Vries, University of Florida 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM 10:00 AM S159 Limits of milk production in dairy cows: Perspectives from physiology. J. J. Gross* and R. M. Bruckmaier, Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

10:25 AM S160 Opportunities to improve the productivity of dairy cattle from conception through calving. M. E. Van Amburgh* and R. A. Molano, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

10:50 AM S161 Long-term productivity changes in the dairy industry and projected impacts on global food production. R. White*, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

11:15 AM S162 About the essential role of dairy in future food production within the planetary boundary. M. Scholten*, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

11:40 AM Discussion and Questions

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 90 OTHER EVENTS: Tuesday Morning

Hallway Talk: Let’s Talk Cheese! Hosted by Mike Miller (University of Illinois), with Paul Kindstedt (University of Vermont), Rani Govindasamy-Lucey (Wisconsin Center for Dairy Research), and Mark Johnson (Wisconsin Center for Dairy Research) 9:00 – 10:00 AM

SAD Second Business Meeting: Open Forum and Election of Officers (live, recorded) 9:15 – 10:15 AM

SAD Career Workshop: Résumé Building Workshop Sara Lane, director of career services, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University 10:30 – 11:30 AM

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 91 ORAL PRESENTATIONS (with live discussions at times indicated)

Animal Health 1 Chairs: Michael Steele, University of Guelph, and Koryn Hare, University of Guelph Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 173 Maternal choline supplementation to improve calf growth, health, and survival. M. B. Poindexter*1, G. Negro1, M. J. Granados1, P. G. L. Lima1, D. C. Ramos1, D. M. Burgos1, F. X. Amaro1, K. Estes2, M. G. Zenobi2, C. Zimmerman2, J. E. P. Santos1, and C. D. Nelson1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Balchem Corp., New Hampton, NY.

174 Effect of feeding Echinacea purpurea to dairy calves on markers of immunity and inflammation. B. K. McNeil*1, D. L. Renaud2, M. A. Steele1, A. J. Keunen3, and T. J. DeVries1, 1Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Mapleview Agri Ltd, Palmerston, ON, Canada.

175 Effects of yeast-derived products feeding on performance in dairy calves: A meta-analysis. C. Zhang*, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.

176 Fecal microbiota transplantation alters the intestinal microbiota and blood cytokines in preweaned dairy calves. F. Rosa*1,2, T. C. Michelotti1, B. St-Pierre3, E. Trevisi4, and J. S. Osorio1, 1Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 3Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 4Deparment of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.

177 Health outcomes for calves housed in a simplified group system. B. M. Karle*1, E. M. Abdelfattah2, D. M. Brady Yount1, G. S. Machado1, M. D. Lowe1, F. C. Ferreira2,3, S. S. Aly2,3, and T. W. Lehen- bauer2,3, 1Cooperative Extension, Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Orland, CA, 2Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Tulare, CA, 3Department of Population Health & Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California–Davis, CA.

178 Associations between feeding behaviors collected from an automated milk feeder and disease in group-housed dairy calves in Ontario: A cross-sectional study. M. Conboy*1, C. B. Winder1, C. Medrano-Galarza2, S. J. LeBlanc1, D. B. Haley1, J. H. C. Costa4, M. A. Steele3, and D. L. Renaud1, 1Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Programa de Especialización en Bienestar Animal y Etología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Fundación Universitaria Agraria de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, 3Depart- ment of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 4Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

179 Are daily behavioral patterns in calves associated with response after antibiotic treatment for bovine respiratory disease? M. C. Cantor*1, D. L. Renaud2, and J. H. C. Costa1, 1Dairy Science Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 2Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

Breeding and Genetics 3 Chair: Bradley Heins, University of Minnesota Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 295 Estimation of genomic breed composition and effect on performance traits in crossbred dairy cattle. M. Jaafar*1, B. Heins2, C. Dechow3, and H. Huson1, 1Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2University of Minnesota, Morris, MN, 3Penn State University, University Park, PA.

297 Fatty acid profiles of Holstein, Grazecross, and ProCROSS cows in an organic and low-input conventional dairy herd. G. M. Pereira* and B. J. Heins, University of Minnesota, West Central Research and Outreach Center, Morris, MN.

298 Characterizing growth and carcass traits in beef × dairy crossbred animals. K. M. Lucas*1, M. Saatchi1,2, and J. E. Koltes1, 1Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2Top Genomics, LLC, West Des Moines, IA.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 92 299 Accuracy of single-step genomic breeding values for milk production traits of Canadian Alpine and Saanen dairy goats. E. Massender*1, L. F. Brito1,2, L. Maignel3, H. R. Oliveira1,2, M. Jafarikia1,3, C. F. Baes1,4, B. Sullivan3, and F. S. Schenkel1, 1Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue Univer- sity, West Lafayette, IN, 3Canadian Centre for Swine Improvement Inc., Ottawa, ON, Canada, 4Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

300 Calf health recording protocols on Canadian dairy farms. E. Hyland*1, C. Lynch1, N. van Staaveren1, D. Kelton2, S. Schenkel1, and C. Baes1,3, 1Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

301 Identifying calf management practices and health events that affect cow longevity. E. D. McFarland*1, G. Keefe1, I. Elsohaby1, G. A. Oliveira Jr2, C. F. Baes2,3, H. Stryhn1, R. S. Fraser4, and J. T. McClure1, 1Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada, 2Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 4Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada.

Production, Management, and the Environment 1 Chair: Jennifer Heguy, University of California Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 225 Precision milking management strategies to improve automatic milking systems performance. L. Fadul-Pacheco*1, E. Rolli2, D. Reinemann3, and V. E. Cabrera1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wis- consin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Ederer Dairy Supply, Plain, WI, 3Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madi- son, Madison, WI.

226 Using social network analysis to identify cows’ affinities in automatic milking systems. L. Fadul-Pacheco*1, M. Liou2, D. Reinemann3, and V. E. Cabrera1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wis- consin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 3Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

227 Association between body weight change in early lactation and milk production variables in automatic milking system farms. M. Peiter*, L. Caixeta, and M. Endres, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

229 Farmers' perceptions on implementing automatic milking systems in large US dairies. C. F. A. Lage*1, D. R. Bruno2, M. I. Endres3, and F. C. Ferreira1, 1Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Tulare, CA, 2University of California Cooperative Extension, Fresno, CA, 3University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN.

230 Association of housing and management practices with bulk tank fatty acid profile in farms with automated milking systems. M. M. D. Castro*1,2, R. D. Matson2, D. E. Santschi3, M. I. Marcondes4, and T. J. DeVries2, 1Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil, 2Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Lactanet, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, 4Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/Amino Acids 1 Chair: Ranga Appuhamy, Iowa State University Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 373 Abomasal amino acid infusions in postpartum dairy cows. L. Bahloul1, L. E. Hernández Castellano2, H. Lapierre3, C. Schwab4, and M. Larsen*2, 1Centre of Expertise and Research in Nutri- tion, Adisseo, Commentry, France, 2Aarhus University, Foulum, Denmark, 3Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Canada, 4Schwab Consulting LLC, Boscobel, Wisconsin.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 93 374 Effect of abomasal amino acid infusions on metabolism in postpartum dairy cows. L. Bahloul1, L. E. Hernández Castellano2, H. Lapierre3, C. Schwab4, and M. Larsen*2, 1Centre of Expertise and Research in Nutri- tion, Adisseo, Commentry, France, 2Aarhus University, Foulum, Denmark, 3Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Canada, 4Schwab Consulting LLC, Boscobel, WI.

375 Effects of rumen-protected glutamate supplementation during the periparturient period on performance and metabolic responses of dairy cows. S. Hisadomi*1, A. Haruno2, T. Fujieda2, T. Sugino3, and M. Oba1, 1Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Uni- versity of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo, Japan, 3Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.

376 Determining bioavailability of rumen-protected lysine and its utilization and excretion after absorption by lactating cows. L. R. Rebelo*, W. P. Weiss, and C. Lee, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH.

377 Dietary fatty acid and starch content and supplemental Lys supply affect energy and nitrogen utilization in lactating Jersey cows. D. L. Morris*1,2 and P. J. Kononoff1, 1University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 2Perdue AgriBusiness, Salisbury, MD.

378 A field application model for optimizing postruminal amino acid supply to lactating dairy cows. J. M. Prestegaard*, L. M. Campos, A. C. Hruby, and M. D. Hanigan, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacks- burg, VA.

Animal Health 2 Chairs: Michael Steele, University of Guelph, and Koryn Hare, University of Guelph Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 180 Antimicrobial resistance in samples submitted from calves to a diagnostic laboratory in Ontario, Canada, between 2007 and 2020. T. Uyama*1, D. F. Kelton1, J. T. McClure2, S. J. LeBlanc1, C. B. Winder1, and D. L. Renaud1, 1Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veteri- nary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada.

181 Colostrum management practices associated with failed transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves: A scoping review. T. Uyama*1, D. F. Kelton1, C. B. Winder1, J. Dunn1, H. M. Goetz1, J. T. McClure2, S. J. LeBlanc1, and D. L. Renaud1, 1Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Health Manage- ment, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada.

182 Total serum protein and its influence on morbidity, mortality, and performance of preweaned dairy calves from different genetic compositions. M. B. Moreira1, F. C. Ferreira*2, and S. G. Coelho1, 1Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 2Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Tulare, CA.

183 Characterizing and describing the literature on the impacts of umbilical care on health outcomes and risk factors examined for umbilical health in intensively raised bovines: A scoping review. M. Van Camp*1, C. Winder1, D. Gomez2, T. Duffield1, and D. Renaud1, 1Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

184 Calf care practices and opportunities for improvement. D. J. Wilson*1, G. Habing2, K. L. Proudfoot3, S. M. Roche4,1, and D. L. Renaud1, 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 3Atlantic Veterinary College, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada, 4ACER Consulting, Guelph, ON, Canada.

185 Perspectives on male dairy calf care and opportunities to motivate change. D. J. Wilson*1, G. Habing2, K. L. Proudfoot3, S. M. Roche4,1, and D. L. Renaud1, 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 3Atlantic Veterinary College, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada, 4ACER Consulting, Guelph, ON, Canada.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 94 186 Effect of long-distance transportation on health of surplus dairy calves. H. Goetz*1, D. Renaud1, C. Winder1, J. Costa2, D. Kelton1, and K. Creutzinger1, 1Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Vet- erinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

Breeding and Genetics 4 Chair: Natascha Vukasinovic, Zoetis Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 302 Genomic evaluations for Feed Saved in Holsteins. K. L. Parker Gaddis*1, P. M. VanRaden2, R. J. Tempelman3, K. A. Weigel4, H. M. White4, F. Peñagaricano4, J. E. Koltes5, J. E. P. Santos6, R. L. Baldwin2, J. F. Burchard1, J. W. Dürr1, and M. J. VandeHaar3, 1Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding, Bowie, MD, 2Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, 3Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 4University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 5Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 6University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

303 Multiple-trait random regression modeling of feed efficiency in dairy cattle. P. Khanal*1, K. L. Parker Gaddis2, P. M. VanRaden3, K. A. Weigel4, H. M. White4, F. Peñagaricano4, J. E. Koltes5, J. E. P. Santos6, R. L. Baldwin3, J. F. Burchard2, J. W. Dürr2, M. J. VandeHaar1, and R. J. Tempelman1, 1Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding, Bowie, MD, 3Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, 4University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 5Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 6University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

304 Use of milk spectral data as set of environmental covariates to inform genomic predictions in Canadian Holstein. F. Tiezzi*1, A. Fleming2, and F. Malchiodi3, 1Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 2Lacta- net Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3The Semex Alliance, Guelph, ON, Canada.

306 Underlying genetic architecture of mastitis: A systematic review, meta-enrichment, and gene prioritization analysis of genome-wide association study results. S. G. Narayana*1,2, E. de Jong1, P. A. S. Fonseca2, F. S. Schenkel2, T. C. S. Chud2, D. Powel1, G. Wachoski-Dark1, P. Ronskley3, F. Mi- glior2, K. Orsel1, and H. W. Barkema1,3, 1Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Center for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

307 A comprehensive catalog of regulatory variants in the cattle transcriptome - a prototype for the FarmGTEx Project. G. Liu*, Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD.

308 Signatures of selection as a tool to identify past selection criteria in Holstein cattle. F. J. Ruiz-Lopez*, A. Garcia-Ruiz, and J. G. Cortes-Hernandez, CENIDFyMA-INIFAP, Queretaro, México.

Dairy Foods: Chemistry 3 Chair: Jayendra Amamcharla, Kansas State University Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 309 Effect of heat-induced, pH-dependent micellar changes on the sol-gel transition in skim milk. S. Tieu* and F. Harte, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.

310 A novel method of determining critical gel-sol transition point of micellar casein concentrate using multiple waveform rheological technique. F. Z. B. Seighalani, D. J. McMahon, and P. Sharma*, Utah State University, Logan, UT.

311 Nanoencapsulation of mixture of docosahexaenoic acid algae oil and chia seed oil in whey protein concentrate and gum arabic complex coacervates. N. Chaudhary* and V. Sharma, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 95 312 Preparation of nanocapsules of curcumin using casein micelles and their characterization. A. Hooda*1,2, B. Mann1, R. Sharma1, R. Bajaj1, S. Singh1, and N. Das1, 1National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India, 2Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.

Production, Management, and the Environment 2 Chair: Jennifer Heguy, University of California Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 231 Identifying on-farm factors associated with the level of free fatty acids in bulk tank milk. H. M. Woodhouse*, D. F. Kelton, T. J. DeVries, and S. J. LeBlanc, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

232 Prediction of mastitis from routine milk mid-infrared spectral data in dairy cows. L. Rienesl*1, A. Koeck2, N. Khayatzadeh1, L. Dale3, A. Werner3, C. Grelet4, N. Gengler5, F. Auer6, C. Egger-Danner2, J. Leblois7, and J. Sölkner1, 1University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria, 2ZuchtData EDV-Dienstleistungen GmbH, Vienna, Austria, 3Landesverband Baden-Württemberg für Leistungs- und Qualitätsprüfungen in der Tierzucht e.V. (LKV), Stuttgart, Germany, 4Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Gembloux, Belgium, 5Université de Liège (ULg), Gembloux, Belgium, 6LKV Austria Gemeinnützige GmbH, Vienna, Austria, 7European Milk Recording (EMR), Ciney, Belgium.

233 Effect of antimicrobial treatment on the dynamics of ceftiofur resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from adult California dairy cows. D. Sheedy*1, E. Okello1,2, D. Williams1, K. Precht1, E. Cella1, T. Lehenbauer1,2, and S. Aly1,2, 1Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Tulare, CA, 2Department of Population Health & Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.

234 Addition of nano-sized zinc oxide exerts no adverse effect on lactation performance and mammary health of lactating dairy cows. J. Cai*, C. Miao, J. X. Liu, and D. M. Wang, Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

235 Association of de novo fatty acids in bulk tank milk with herd performance in commercial dairy farms. D. Warner*, C. Boulanger, J. Prince, R. Roy, S. Adam, R. Lacroix, and D. E. Santschi, Lactanet, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.

236 Effects of limits in milking capacity, housing capacity, or fat quota on economic optimization of dry period lengths. P. Pattamanont and A. De Vries*,University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

237 Milk flow from 31 to 60 seconds can identify delayed milk ejection. P. Bacigalupo-Sanguesa*1,2, P. L. Ruegg1, B. Norby1, R. Thomson1, and R. Erskine1, 1Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2Michigan State University Extension, East Lansing, MI.

Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/Amino Acids 2 Chair: Ranga Appuhamy, Iowa State University Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 379 Feeding rumen-protected lysine alters transcriptome indicators of liver composition in Holstein cows during the transition period. L. K. Fehlberg*1, A. R. Guadagnin1, B. L. Thomas1, Y. Sugimoto2, I. Shinzato2, and F. C. Cardoso1, 1University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Ajinomoto Co Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

380 Production and temporal plasma metabolite effects of soybean meal versus canola meal fed to dairy cows during the transition period and early lactation. J. Kuehnl*1 and K. Kalscheur2, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Madison, WI, 2US Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 96 381 Dietary supplementation withN -carbamoylglutamate initiated during the prepartum stage improves the lactation performance of postpartum dairy cows. F. F. Gu*, M. C. Miao, L. Y. Jiang, D. M. Wang, H. Y. Liu, and J. X. Liu, Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zheji- ang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

382 Effect of source and frequency of metabolizable protein supplementation on milk production and nitrogen efficiency. K. Nichols*1, C. Cirot2, M. Rolland2, and J. Dijkstra1, 1Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wagenin- gen, the Netherlands, 2Ajinomoto Animal Nutrition Europe, Paris, France.

383 Comparing rumen-degradable protein source (urea versus peptides) and supplementation level in continuous culture. B. A. Wenner*1, X. Huang2, P. S. Yoder3, and N. R. St-Pierre3, 1Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Colum- bus, OH, 2Cumberland Valley Analytical Services, Waynesboro, PA, 3Perdue AgriBusiness, Salisbury, MD.

384 Performance of dairy cows fed 2 levels of digestible histidine and metabolizable protein. S. E. Räisänen*1, C. F. A. Lage1,2, C. Zhou1,3, A. Melgar1,4, T. Silvestre1, D. E. Wasson1, S. F. Cueva1, T. Takagi5, and A. N. Hristov1, 1The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, 3University of Chinese Acad- emy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, 4Instituto de Innovation Agropecuaria de Panama, City of Knowledge, Panama, 5Ajinomoto Nutrition North America, Chicago, IL.

Animal Health 3 Chairs: Sabine Mann, Cornell University, and Tawny Chandler, Cornell University Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 187 Predicting high somatic cell count cows at dry-off using behaviors measured with an ear-tag 3-axis accelerometer. G. Vidal*1, J. M. V. Pereira2,5, C. F. de Assis Lage2, D. R. Bruno3, C. B. Tucker4, N. Silva-del-Rio2, B. Martínez-López1, and F. C. Fer- reira2, 1Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance (CADMS), Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 2Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center (VMTRC), Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Tulare, CA, 3Cooperative Extension Fresno County, University of California, Fresno, CA, 4Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 5Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.

188 The association of prepartum urine pH and periparturient activity and rumination time on postpartum subclinical hypocalcemia dynamics in Holstein cows. C. Seely* and J. McArt, Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

189 Does rumination behavior in the first week postpartum impact the association between β-hydroxybutyrate and early-lactation milk yield? C. Florentino*1, Z. Rodriguez1, E. Shepley1, F. P. Mosca1, G. Cramer1, C. Rial2, A. Laplacette2, K. Borchers3, D. Asper3, M. Borch- ers3, J. Giordano2, and L. Caixeta1, 1University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 2Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 3Zoetis Inc., Kalama- zoo, MI.

190 Integration of statistical inferences and machine learning algorithms for prediction of metritis cure in dairy cows. E. B. Oliveira*1,2, F. C. Ferreira1,2, K. N. Galvao3, V. Y. Jason4, I. Tagkopoulos4, N. Silva-Del-Rio1,2, R. V. Pereira1, V. S. Machado5, and F. S. Lima1, 1Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 2Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, Tulare, CA, 3Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences and D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, Gainesville, FL, 4Department of Computer Science, Genome Center, and AI Institute for Next Generation Food Systems (AIFS), University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 5Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX.

191 Pattern of rumination time and physical activity captured by an ear-attached sensor before, during, and after the clinical diagnosis of metabolic-digestive disorders in lactating dairy cows. C. Rial*1, A. L. Laplacette1, M. M. Perez1, C. C. Florentino2, F. Pena-Mosca2, L. Caixeta2, and J. O. Giordano1, 1Deparment of Ani- mal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

192 Reticulo-ruminal temperature in the peripartum period was associated with the occurrence of health disorders after calving in dairy cows. M. M. Perez*, C. Rial, and J. O. Giordano, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 97 Dairy Foods: Dairy Products 4 Chair: Guillaume Brisson, Laval University Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 313 Shelf life stability and physicochemical and sensory characteristics of acidophilus yogurt supplemented with marjoram oil extract. H. N. T. Mohamed*1, A. R. A. Hammam1,2, and D. G. Kamel1, 1Dairy Science Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, 2Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

314 Effect of rosemary oil extract on the shelf stability and chemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of drinkable yogurt. D. G. Kamel*1 and A. R. A. Hammam1,2, 1Dairy Science Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, 2Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

315 Manufacture of set-type yogurt using transglutaminase: Texture, rheology, and structural properties. M. Enteshari1 and S. I. Martinez-Monteagudo*2, 1South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM.

316 Effect of temperature on the rheological behavior of high-protein ice cream mix: Steady, dynamic, and creep-recovery. H. Ranaweera*1, P. Krishnan1, and S. Monteagudo2, 1Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brook- ings, SD, 2Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM.

317 Impact of hydrodynamic cavitation on rheological and quality aspects of ice cream. J. Y. Sim1, M. Enteshari1, K. Rathnakumar1, and S. I. Martinez-Monteagudo*2, 1South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM.

Production, Management, and the Environment 3 Chair: Jennifer Heguy, University of California Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 331 The effect of feeding a blend of artificial and natural flavors to dairy cows during periods of heat stress and effect of reducing milk yield depression. G. Acetoze*1 and C. Ribeiro-Filho2, 1Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), Decatur, IL, 2Western Milling LLC, Goshen, CA.

332 Modeling the profitability of investing in cooling systems in the Mediterranean area with different intensities of heat load. O. R. Espinoza-Sandoval and S. Calsamiglia*, Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barce- lona, Spain.

333 Late-gestation heat stress alters placental morphology in multiparous cows. L. T. Casarotto*1, V. Ouellet3, B. Dado-Senn2, J. Laporta2, and G. E. Dahl1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 3Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada.

334 In utero effects of hyperthermia on hair length and skin morphology. B. D. Davidson*1, K. M. Sarlo Davila2, R. G. Mateescu2, G. E. Dahl2, and J. Laporta1, 1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

335 Inclusion of sugar cane condensed molasses solubles in the diet of dairy cows in the tropics. J. S. Henao-Beltrán*, J. Loyola-Jiménez, N. L. Rosa-Padilla, E. Ruiz-Cortés, N. de la Cruz-Fontánez, E. Valencia, and G. Ortiz- Colón, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 98 Ruminant Nutrition: Protein/Amino Acids 3 Chair: Duarte Diaz, University of Arizona Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 385 Dietary protein oscillation: Effects on production, digestibility and nitrogen metabolism in lactating dairy cows. R. Rauch*1,2, J. Martín-Tereso1, J.-B. Daniel1, K. Nichols1, and J. Dijkstra2, 1Trouw Nutrition R&D, Amersfoort, the Netherlands, 2Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.

386 Comparison of hemp meal and canola meal as protein supplements for non-lactating dairy cows. F. Addo*, K. Ominski, C. Yang, and J. C. Plaizier, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

387 Association between plasma essential amino acid profile, cow performance, and plasma urea nitrogen in lactating dairy cows revealed through meta-analysis and hierarchical clustering. P. Letelier*1, G. I. Zanton2, J. R. R. Dorea1, and M. A. Wattiaux1, 1Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2USDA-ARS, U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI.

388 A network meta-analysis of the impact of feed-grade urea and slow-release urea on lactating dairy cattle metabolism and production. M. Simoni*1, G. Fernandez-Turren2, F. Righi1, M. Rodriguez-Prado3, and S. Calsamiglia3, 1Department of Veterinary Science, Uni- versity of Parma, Parma, Italy, 2Departamento de Producción Animal y Salud de los Sistemas Productivos, Instituto de Produc- ción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, San José, Uruguay, 3Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service (SNiBA), Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.

389 Effects of dietary protein on microbial protein flow from the rumen in dry cows. A. C. Hruby*, D. J. Gravley, L. M. Campos, J. M. Prestegaard, C. Campbell, and M. D. Hanigan, Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

Small Ruminant: Nutrition 1 Chair: Noemí Castro, ULPGC Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 489 Effect of different growth stages of canola on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, and rumen fermentation kinetics in sheep diets. L. E. Robles Jimenez1, A. Z. Sánchez1, O. A. Castelán Ortega1, J. O. Avalos1, J. G. Estrada Flores2, M. González-Ronquillo1, and E. Vargas-Bello-Pérez*3, 1Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, México, 2Instituto en Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, México, 3Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

490 Effect of ryegrass hay and ryegrass silage, cut at 2 growth stages, on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, and rumen fermentation kinetics in growing sheep. M. Gonzalez-Ronquillo1, L. E. Robles Jimenez1, J. Romero-Bernal1, C. Ariciaga-Gonzalez1, B. V. Ramirez1, A. C. Canul2, and E. Var- gas-Bello-Pérez*3, 1Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Mexico, Toluca, Estado de México, México, 2División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México, 3Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

491 Effects of the level of dietary protein and methionine supplementation in dairy ewes in early lactation. G. Caja*1, A. Elhadi1, M. Rodriguez-Prado2, A. Belaid2, X. Such1, L. Bahloul3, and S. Calsamiglia2, 1Grup de Recerca en Remugants, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, 2Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Universitat Autonoma de Barce- lona, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, 3Adisseo France SAS, Malicorne, France.

492 Effects of low level of organic trace minerals on nutrients digestibility, rumen fermentation, and excretion of trace minerals in dairy goats. P. Wang*1, Y. Weng1, J. Luo1, G. Lin2, and Q. Hu3, 1Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China, 2Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agricultural Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China, 3Beijing Alltech Biological Products (China) Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 99 493 Camelina sativa cake and Cynara cardunculus meal into the diet of dairy goats affects the antioxidant activity and levels of total phenolic compounds in their milk. C. Giromini1, F. O. Zorini1, S. Sandrini1, G. Savoini1, A. Buccioni2, and G. Invernizzi*1, 1Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety ‘Carlo Cantoni’, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy, 2Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie Alimentari Ambientali e Forestali, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

494 Metabolomic profile of goat milk associated with feed supplementation withCamelina sativa cake and Cynara cardunculus meal. C. Giromini*1, A. A. K. Salama2, L. Bignardi Da Costa3, A. Baldi1, F. O. Zorini1, S. Sandrini1, G. Savoini1, A. Buccioni4, and G. In- vernizzi1, 1Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy, 2Ruminant Research Group, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 3Department of Veterinary preventive medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 4Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie Alimentari Ambientali e Forestali, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

495 High rumen-degradable starch diet can induce abnormal bile acid metabolism in the liver of dairy goats. L. Zheng*1, J. Zhang2, X. Wei3, and J. Yao2, 1Newhope Dairy Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 2Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi, China, 3College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Animal Health 4 Chairs: Sabine Mann, Cornell University, and Tawny Chandler, Cornell University Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 279 Development of a sole ulcer induction model in Holstein heifers: The next step in lameness research. G. Cramer*1, L. Caixeta1, W. Knauer1, B. Crooker1, E. Shepley1, L. Solano2, and S. Wagner3, 1University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 2Farm Animal Care Associates, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX.

280 Identification of key gene networks and pathways associated with sole ulcers in lactating dairy cows. F. Rosa*1,2, A. K. Sharma3, R. Mohan1, N. A. Carpinelli1, J. T.R. Carvalho1, A. Gomez3, K. Mjoun4, and J. S. Osorio1, 1Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 3Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 4Alltech Inc., Brookings, SD.

281 Skin transcriptome revealed key cellular functions affected by digital dermatitis in lactating dairy cows. R. Mohan*1, F. Rosa1,2, A. K. Sharma3, N. A. Carpinelli1, J. T.R. Carvalho1, G. Cramer4, A. Gomez3, K. Mjoun5, and J. S. Osorio1, 1Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 2University of Arkansas for Medical Sci- ences, Little Rock, AR, 3Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 4Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 5Alltech Inc., Brookings, SD.

282 Prognostic factors examined for association with diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of nonambulatory dairy cattle: A scoping review. W. McFarlane*, D. Renaud, C. Reedman, and C. Winder, Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

283 Factors influencing attitudes of producers in a downer cow scenario. W. McFarlane*, C. Winder, D. Kelton, and D. Renaud, Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

Dairy Foods: Processing 5 Chair: Pulari Nair, Danone North America Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 414 Stability, temperature dependency, and microstructure of high-pressure jet-treated dairy foams. G. L. Voronin*, J. N. Coupland, and F. M. Harte, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

415 Understanding the effect of homogenization pressure on shelf life and foam properties of cream foamed by effervescence. M. Blankart* and J. Hinrichs, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 100 416 Vacuum microwave drying of concentrated milk: Process optimization and powder functionality. J. Dumpler* and C. I. Moraru, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

417 Impact of concentration and temperature on flow behavior of lactose and protein-rich reconstituted dairy powders. F. Z. B. Seighalani and P. Sharma*, Utah State University, Logan, UT.

418 Customized phase treatment for shelf-stable milk using microfiltration and microwave heating: Effects of processing and storage. B. Graf*, M. Rosenberger, J. Schaefer, and J. Hinrichs, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.

Forages and Pastures 1 Chair: Matt Akins, University of Wisconsin–Madison Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 318 Diversity of the ruminal microbiota in Jersey cows grazing forage canola. L. H. P. Silva*1,2, Y. Zang1,3, M. Ghelichkhan1, Y. Geng1,4, S. L. Dillard5, K. J. Soder6, and A. F. Brito1, 1University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, 3William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, Chazy, NY, 4Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China, 5Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 6USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, University Park, PA.

319 Ruminal fermentation and methane emissions in Jersey cows grazing forage canola. L. H. P. Silva*1,2, J. P. Sacramento1,3, D. C. Reyes1, Y. Geng1,4, M. Ghelichkhan1, S. L. Dillard5, K. J. Soder6, and A. F. Brito1, 1Univer- sity of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, 3Universidade Federal de Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao del Rei, MG, Brazil, 4Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China, 5Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 6USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, University Park, PA.

320 Performance of lactating dairy cows fed mechanically processed alfalfa silage. D. A. Pintens*1, K. F. Kalscheur2, K. J. Shinners1, J. C. Friede1, and M. F. Digman1, 1Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2US Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI.

321 Inoculant effects on fermentation of grass-clover silage with or without Clostridia challenge. V. Jenkins1, J. Kesselring1, I. Mueller1, R. Nylund2, and H. Gonda*2, 1BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Getzersdorf, Austria, 2Swedish Uni- versity of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden.

322 Effect of wilting, microbial inoculation, and storage length on the fermentation profile, nutrient composition, and aerobic stability of Bermuda grass silage. E. C. Diepersloot*1, M. R. Pupo1, C. Heinzen Jr.1, C. L. McCary2, L. G. Ghizzi3,2, J. O. Gusmão4,2, and L. F. Ferraretto1, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 3University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil, 4Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil.

323 Effect of a genetically modified corn hybrid containing alpha-amylase and storage length on fermentation profile and starch degradability of whole-plant corn silage and earlage. C. Heinzen Jr.*1, M. Pupo1, L. G. Ghizzi2, E. C. Diepersloot1, B. A. Saylor1, H. Sultana2, and L. F. Ferraretto1, 1University of Wiscon- sin, Madison, WI, 2University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

324 Effect of planting population and maturity at harvest on yield and nutritional composition of conventional and brown- mid rib (BMR) genotype of corn silage. O. M. Peña*1, C. Velasquez1, G. Ferreira2, and M. J. Aguerre1, 1Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson Univer- sity, Clemson, SC, 2Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

Production, Management, and the Environment 4 Chair: Jennifer Heguy, University of California Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 336 Predictive equations to calculate pen-level dry matter intake utilizing on-farm data. A. T. Richards*1, P. Ousterhout2, and J. P. Boerman1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2iYOTAH Solutions, Westminster, CO.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 101 337 Using weakly supervised learning to improve performance of deep neural networks for animal identification. R. E. P. Ferreira* and J. R. R. Dorea, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

338 Machine learning anomaly detection as an approach to detect mastitis events in lactating dairy cows. S. Jha*1, L. M. Campos2, W. Feng1, and M. D. Hanigan2, 1Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 2De- partment of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

339 Cloud-based artificial intelligence infrastructure for automated real-time integration of dairy data in support of predictive analytics. M. M. Perez*, W. Song, Y. Yang, M. Liu, K. P. Birman, and J. O. Giordano, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

340 Giving calves a head start: A machine learning approach to analyze offspring longevity based on birth conditions. G. M. Dallago*, K. M. Wade, R. I. Cue, and E. Vasseur, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.

341 A non-time-series approach to predict milk lactation curves for primiparous cows relying on dam and siblings’ production information. F. Zhang*, K. Weigel, and V. E. Cabrera, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

342 Exploring integrated data as a tool for better understanding health-associated issues in dairy farms. L. Fadul-Pacheco* and V. E. Cabrera, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

Small Ruminant 2 Chair: Noemí Castro, ULPGC Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 483 Sheep cheese fatty acid composition: How much can we improve by dietary means? E. Vargas-Bello-Pérez*1, B. Darabighane2, F. E. Miccoli3,4, and P. Gómez-Cortés5, 1Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark, 2Department of Animal Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran, 3Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, Lo- mas de Zamora, Argentina, 4Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina, 5Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

484 Predictive biometrics of hair sheep through digital image analysis. A. J. Chay-Canul1, J. A. Tapia-González1, J. R. Canul Solis2, F. Casanova-Lugo3, A. Piñeiro-Vázquez4, R. Portillo-Salgado5, R. G. Her- rera1, and E. Vargas-Bello-Pérez*6, 1División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Tabasco, México, 2Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tizimín, Tizimín, Yucatán, Mexico, 3Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de la Zona Maya, Othón P. Blanco, Mexico, 4Tecnológico Nacional de México, Insti- tuto Tecnológico de Conkal, Conkal, Mexico, 5Programa de Ganadería, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico, 6Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

485 Rumen microbiome and efficiency parameters of dairy ewes using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. F. Miccoli*1,2, L. Guerrero4,3, D. Colombatto2,3, and R. A. Palladino1,3, 1School of Agriculture Science, National University of Lomas de Zamora (UNLZ), Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2Department of Animal Production, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina, 3Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina, 4Instituto de Investiga- ciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor N. Torres” (INGEBI), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

486 How does the weaning age of dairy goat kids affect their growth and behavior? S. Bélanger-Naud*1, A. Zambelis1, J. Lévesque2, C. Julien2, and E. Vasseur1, 1McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, 2Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault, Deschambault, QC, Canada.

487 Effects of low level of organic trace minerals on milk performance and, antioxidant and trace minerals status in dairy goats. P. Wang*1, Y. Weng1, J. Luo1, G. Lin2, and Q. Hu3, 1Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China, 2Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agricultural Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China, 3Beijing Alltech Biological Products (China) Co. Ltd, Beijing, China.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 102 488 Effect of weaning age on growth performance and rumen development in Alpine goat kids. C. M. Perdomo*1,2, J. Lévesque1, E. Vasseur3, D. Cinq-Mars4, S. Buczinski2, J. Arsenault2, P. Hélie2, Y. Chorfi2, and C. Julien1,4, 1Centre de recherche en sciences animales de Deschambault, Deschambault, QC, Canada, 2Faculté de médecine vétérinaire de l’Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada, 3Animal Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, 4Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.

OTHER EVENTS: Tuesday Afternoon

SAD Small Group Mentoring Session 2 (advance sign-up required) 12:30 – 1:45 PM

Live Text Chats with Poster Presenters 2:00 – 3:00 PM

GSD Career Insights Panel (live, recorded) 2:00 – 3:00 PM

SAD Awards Ceremony (live, recorded) 2:00 – 3:00 PM

SAD Old and New Officers Meeting 3:15 – 4:15 PM

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 103 SYMPOSIA

Animal Health and NMC Joint Symposium: Management Strategies to Enhance Health of Dairy Cows During the Transition Period – Session 2 Chair: David Kelton, University of Guelph 4:00 – 6:00 PM 4:00 PM S143 Negatively controlled trial investigating the effect of dry cow therapy on clinical mastitis and culling. S. Rowe*1,2, M. Dziuba3, B. Boyum4, S. Godden2, E. Royster2, and L. Caixeta2, 1University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia, 2University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 3Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 4Riverview LLP, Morris, MN.

4:30 PM S144 Feeding prepartum cows for better health during transition into lactation. A. Vieira-Neto*1 and J. E. P. Santos2, 1Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

5:00 PM S145 Feeding the fresh group for better health and lactation performance. T. Overton*, Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

5:30 PM S146 Treatment and culling decisions for mastitis in the first 30 days postpartum. P. Ruegg*, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI.

Dairy Foods Symposium: Nourish to Flourish— The Role of Product, Process, and Package in Driving Milk Consumption Among Children Chair: Hari Meletharayil, National Dairy Council Sponsor: National Dairy Council 4:00 – 6:00 PM 4:00 PM S152 Connecting dairy, school meals, and student consumption. K. Wilson*, Urban School Food Alliance, Madison, WI.

4:30 PM S153 Optimizing acceptability of sugar- and sodium-reduced chocolate milk via cross-modal interactions. A. Riak1,2 and H. Hopfer*1,2, 1Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2Sensory Evaluation Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

5:00 PM S154 Predicting the impact of the school milk distribution chain and processing factors on the quality of school milk -us ing Monte Carlo simulations. T. T. Lott*, N. H. Martin, A. N. Stelick, S. I. Murphy, A. Trmcic, and M. Wiedmann, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

5:30 PM Discussion and Questions

Reproduction Symposium: Do We Need Estrus? Chair: Stephen LeBlanc, University of Guelph Sponsor: Merck Animal Health 4:00 – 6:00 PM 4:00 PM S163 Activity monitors: Is it possible to design a selective reproductive program according to the cow’s needs? R. Chebel*1,2, 1Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 104 4:25 PM S164 Do we need estrus? Influences of estrous intensity on fertility in dairy cattle. R. L. A. Cerri*1, T. A. Burnett2,1, A. M. L. Madureira1, A. L. Moore1, J. Denis-Robichaud1, J. L. M. Vasconcelos3, W. Heu- wieser4, and S. Borchardt4, 1University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil, 4Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

4:50 PM S165 The implications of spontaneous versus synchronized ovulations on the reproductive performance of high-producing dairy cows. P. M. Fricke* and M. C. Wiltbank, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

5:15 PM S166 Artificial insemination after detected estrus underpins efficient seasonal-calving pasture-based systems. S. T. Butler* and S. G. Moore, Teagasc, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.

5:40 PM Discussion and Questions

OTHER EVENTS: Tuesday Evening

Roundtable: Foundation Scholar Award Lectures Hosted by Phil Tong

Presentations: Prateek Sharma (Dairy Foods): Can material science approaches solve dairy industry problems? Jimena LaPorta (Dairy Production): Heat stress in the next generation: Costs and opportunities for youngstock heat stress abatement 4:00 – 6:00 PM

Informal Calf Session New insights about the use of colostrum and colostrum replacer after the first day of life Hosted by Joao Costa (University of Kentucky), with Mike Steele (University of Guelph), Adam Geiger (Zinpro Corp.), and Mike Nagorske (Saskatoon Colostrum Company). 6:00 – 7:00 PM

ADSA Awards Ceremony (recorded) 7:00 – 8:00 PM

Hallway Talk: Physiology and Metabolism Hosted by Barry Bradford (Michigan State University), with Ian Lean (Scibus and Dairy UP), Rodrigo Albornoz (Agriculture Victoria), and John Penry (Dairy Australia) 9:00 – 10:00 PM

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 105 Wednesday, July 14

SYMPOSIA

Ruminant Nutrition Symposium Bioavailability of Amino Acids: Methods and Lessons Learned Chair: Joe McFadden, Cornell University 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM 10:00 AM S177 The plasma dose response technique: Its application in determining relative bioavailability of rumen protected amino acids. N. L. Whitehouse*, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH.

10:30 AM S178 The isotope dilution technique: Its application in determining bioavailability of amino acids. M. D. Hanigan*, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

11:00 AM S179 Ruminant feed amino acid bioavailability estimates through the use of old and new classical techniques. G. I. Zanton*, USDA-ARS, Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI.

11:30 AM Discussion and Questions

Teaching/Undergraduate and Graduate Education Symposium: Education and Workforce Development in the Online Learning World Chairs: Gail Carpenter, Iowa State University, and Tracy Burnett, University of Guelph 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM 10:00 AM S180 Undergraduate student perceptions of 2 terms of remote delivery of course-work due to COVID-19 restrictions. F. Robinson*, M. Johnson, and W. Adamowicz, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

10:20 AM S181 Any concerns of COVID-19 pandemic-related impacts on post-secondary curricular and co-curricular academic programs, the education and development of students, and success of future graduates entering the workforce? J. M. Fernandez* and A. D. Goecker, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.

10:40 AM S182 Discussion-based strategies for remote teaching and learning. M. Wattiaux*, M. Erickson, and D. Pizarro, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

11:00 AM S183 Experiences in engaging undergraduate students in dairy club activities online. L. Hansen*, Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

11:20 AM S184 Student and volunteer experiences in virtual Dairy Challenge events. A. Carpenter*, Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

11:40 AM Discussion and Questions

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 106 EAAP Exchange Symposium Presentation Chair: Albert DeVries, University of Florida 10:00 – 11:00 AM 419 EAAP Exchange Symposium Speaker Presentation: Enteric methane mitigation in dairy cattle via feeding strategies and the impact on the carbon footprint. D. Van Wesemael*1, L. Vandaele1, J. Van Mullem1, S. De Campeneere1, V. Peiren2, and N. Peiren1, 1Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Animal Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium, 2Ghent University, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Gent, Belgium.

OTHER EVENTS: Wednesday Morning

Hallway Talk: Hot Topics in Physiology Hosted by Kevin Harvatine (Penn State University) 9:00 – 10:00 AM

Go With Your Gut: Roundtable Discussion on Gut Physiology Hosted by Michael Steele (University of Guelph) 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM

Roundtable: Lactation Biology Hosted by Sha Tao (University of Georgia) and Feng-Qi Zhao (University of Vermont), with panelists Barry Bradford (Michigan State University), Gina Pighetti (University of Tennessee), Andres Contreras (Michigan State University), Geoff Dahl (University of Florida), and Erika Ganda (Penn State University) 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM

Mixed Models Workshop The Mixed Models Workshop is a biennial event of professional development with the objective of fostering continuing quantitative education of agricultural scientists, including graduate students, faculty and research associates. The workshop provides an intensive exposition of proper statistical data analysis and power determinations for commonly used experimental designs in the animal sciences. Our approach is hands-on and example-driven, and is primarily based on the various mixed model analysis procedures and packages available through SAS and R software. The workshop is organized and delivered by members of the North Central Coordinating Committee (NCCC) 170 on “Research Advances in Agricultural Statistics” and has been sponsored by the American Dairy Science Association since 1999. The instructors for the 2021 workshop are Robert Tempelman (Michigan State University), Bruce Craig (Purdue University), and Nora M. Bello (Kansas State University). 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM and 1:00 PM – 3:00 PM

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 107 ORAL PRESENTATIONS (with live discussions at times indicated)

Animal Health 5 Chairs: Eduardo de Souza Ribeiro, University of Guelph, and Bruna Mion, University of Guelph Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 284 Cannabinoids and adipose tissue lipolysis in periparturient dairy cows. U. Abou-Rjeileh*1, M. Chirivi1, J. P. Giron1, A. L. Lock1, M. Zachut2, J. Tam3, and G. A. Contreras1, 1Michigan State University, East Lan- sing, MI, 2Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel, 3The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.

285 Lipopolysaccharide induces lipolysis and insulin resistance in adipose tissue from dairy cows. M. Chirivi*, M. Smith, C. J. Rendon, M. Runin, and G. A. Contreras, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

286 Within-herd prevalence and associated factors with subclinical ketosis on Canadian dairy farms utilizing automated milking systems as diagnosed by test-day concentration of milk β-hydroxybutyrate. B. J. Van Soest*1, R. D. Matson1, T. F. Duffield2, D. E. Santschi3, K. Orsel4, E. A. Pajor4, G. B. Penner5, T. Mutsvangwa5, and T. J. DeVries1, 1Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 3Lactanet, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, 4Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada, 5Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

287 Hyperketonemia predictions provide an on-farm management tool with epidemiological insights. R. Pralle*1, J. Amdall2, R. Fourdraine2,4, G. Oetzel3, and H. White4, 1School of Agriculture, University of Wisconsin-Platteville, Platteville, WI, 2VAS, Madison, WI, 3School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 4Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI.

288 Early postpartum intravenous infusion with carnosic acid, a rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) antioxidant compound, improves milk performance in transition dairy cows. T. C. Michelotti*, S. Encarnación, M. Suazo, and J. S. Osorio, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD.

Breeding and Genetics 5 Chair: Daniela Lourenco, University of Georgia Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 407 Genetic aspects of colostrum quality traits including immunoglobulin G in Holstein cows. A. Costa*1, A. Goi1, G. Visentin2, M. De Marchi1, and M. Penasa1, 1University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy, 2University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

408 Gene mapping, gene-set analysis, and genomic prediction of postpartum blood calcium in Holstein cows. L. Cavani*1, M. B. Poindexter2, H. A. Pacheco1, C. D. Nelson2, J. E. P. Santos2, and F. Peñagaricano1, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

409 Estimates of genetic parameters for health traits in US organic Holstein cows. L. C. Hardie*1, I. W. Haagen1, B. J. Heins2, and C. D. Dechow1, 1Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2University of Min- nesota, St. Paul, MN.

410 Genome-wide association study of horn fly resistance in organic Holstein cows. B. L. Basiel*1, L. C. Hardie1, B. J. Heins2, and C. D. Dechow1, 1Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2University of Minne- sota, St. Paul, MN.

411 Genomic analysis of visceral fat accumulation in Holstein cows. L. C. Novo*1, L. Cavani1, P. Pinedo2, P. Melendez3, and F. Peñagaricano1, 1University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 3Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 108 412 Hepatic mitochondrial function in 2 Holstein genotypes during early and mid-lactation in a pasture-based system. M. Garcia-Roche*1,2, D. Talmón1, A. Mendoza3, C. Quijano2, A. Cassina2, and M. Carriquiry1, 1Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay, 2Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay, 3INIA La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay.

413 The effect of the interleukin-10 receptor alpha gene on bovine mammary epithelial cells infected withMycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis. A. Fong*1, M. M. M. Muniz1, U. K. Shandilya1, A. Sharma1, F. S. Schenkel1, N. A. Karrow1, and C. F. Baes1,2, 1Centre for Genetic Improve- ment of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Production, Management, and the Environment 5 Chair: Gail Carpenter, Iowa State University Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 343 Assessment of smallholder dairy farmers’ willingness for performance recording in response to different incentive approaches in Pakistan. M. Q. Shahid*1, S. H. Magsi1, N. Khosa1, and H. Mustafa2, 1Department of Livestock Management, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, 2Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

344 Perspectives of dairy farm employees on the COVID-19 pandemic. F. C. Ferreira*1, M. Rovai2, N. Silva-del-Rio1, M. Chanine3, M. De Haro Martí4, J. Wenz5, and J. Dalton6, 1Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Tulare, CA, 2Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 3Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences Department, University of Idaho Twin Falls Re- search and Extension Center, Twin Falls, ID, 4University of Idaho Extension Gooding County, Gooding, ID, 5Field Disease Investigation Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 6Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences Department, University of Idaho, Caldwell Research and Extension Center, Caldwell, ID.

345 An investigation into the perceptions of farmers toward dairy cow-calf rearing. O. F. D. Bolton*, G. L. Charlton, and E. C. L. Bleach, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, UK.

346 Self-organizing map to segment Canadian herds based on animal welfare responses and their relationship with productivity, profitability and longevity. G. M. Dallago*1, D. Warner2, K. M. Wade1, R. I. Cue1, R. Lacroix2, A. B. Diallo3, and E. Vasseur1, 1McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bel- levue, QC, Canada, 2Lactanet, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, 3Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.

347 Environment, nutrition, and management practices for far-off, close-up, and fresh cows on Canadian dairy farms: A retrospective descriptive study. R. C. Serrenho*1, C. Church2, and T. F. Duffield1, 1Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Elanco Animal Health, Guelph, ON, Canada.

Ruminant Nutrition: General 2 Chair: Dengpan Bu, Institute of Animal Science, CAAS Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 360 Effect of dietary supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids on intake, digestibility, milk production, and milk fatty acids of dairy goats: A meta-analysis. A. A. Pech-Cervantes*1, I. M. Ogunade2, Z. M. Estrada-Reyes1, C. A. Sandoval-Castro3, A. Oliveira4, D. Vyas5, and A. T. Adesogan5, 1Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA, 2Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 3Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, 4Institute of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso, Sinop, Brazil, 5Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

361 Meta-analysis of production, efficiency, and digestibility differences between Holstein and Jersey cows. G. I. Zanton*, USDA-ARS, U. S. Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 109 362 Effects of lifetime calcidiol supplementation combined with prepartum acidogenic diet on first-lactation blood calcium and performance of Holstein cows. A. C. M. Silva*1, D. C. Ramos1, L. V. Drehmer1, A. Vieira-Neto2, P. Celi3, C. Cortinas3, M. Engstrom3, L. Tamassia3, J. E. P. Santos1, and C. D. Nelson1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 3DSM Nutritional Produts, Parsippany, NJ.

363 Effects of feeding a supplemental antioxidant during summer on milk and component yields in Holstein cows. A. Gilbert1, M. Carabeau*1, J. Durkin2, K. Luchterhand3, M. Tetreault1, and W. Seymour3, 1Poulin Grain, Inc., Newport, VT, 2Cornerstone Nutrition, East Aurora, NY, 3Novus International, St. Charles, MO.

364 Effects of lactic acid bacteria in a silage inoculant on ruminal nutrient digestibility, N metabolism, and lactation performance of high-producing dairy cows. H. F. Monteiro*1, E. M. Paula2, R. E. Muck3, G. A. Broderick3, and A. P. Faciola1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Instituto de Zootecnia, Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil, 3USDA-ARS, US Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI.

365 Effect of native rumen microbe supplementation in feed on milk yield, composition, and feed efficiency in lactating dairy cows. A. Valldecabres*1, S. Gilmore2, I. Zhelev2, J. Embree2, S. Quinlan2, C. Martino2, M. Embree2, G. Camacho1, and A. Lago1, 1DairyExperts Inc., Tulare, CA, 2Native Microbials Inc., San Diego, CA.

366 Supplementation of chromium-l-Met benefits lactation performance, and antioxidative capacity in early-lactating dairy cows. Z. Z. Wu*1, W. C. Peng1, J. X. Liu1, G. Z. Xu2, and D. M. Wang1, 1Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang Univer- sity, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 2Zinpro Sci. & Tech. Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China.

Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiology, Fermentation, and Digestion 1 Chair: Agustin Ríus, University of Tennessee Live discussion: 12:00 – 12:30 PM 467 Identification of bioactive phytochemicals from 6 forest plants: Insights into the mechanistic inhibition of rumen protozoa,- ammo niagenesis, and α-glucosidase. A. G. Ayemele1, L. Ma1, X. Li2, P. Yang2, J. C. Xu1, Z. T. Yu3, and D. P. Bu*1, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China, 2Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sci- ence, Beijing, P.R. China, 33Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

468 The rumen microbiome of yak co-evolves with its host adding the adaptation to the harsh environments. C. Zhao1, X. Chen2, L. Wang1,2, J. Yao1, Z. Yu3, and Y. Cao*1,2, 1Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 3The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

469 Effects of mycotoxin deactivator on rumen parameters: In vivo and in vitro approaches. N. L. Whitehouse*1, B. K. Kerns1, L. H. P. Silva5, G. Bromfam2, E. Pinloche3, J. Dvorska4, and D. P. Preveraud4, 1University of New Hamp- shire, Durham, NH, 2Adisseo USA Inc., Alpharetta, GA, 3Adisseo Center of Expertise and Excellence in Nutrition, Commentry, France, 4Adisseo, SAS, Antony, France, 5Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY.

470 Reduction of leaky gut and inflammation markers through dietary antioxidants and immune modulators in lactating dairy cows during heat stress. A. Ruiz-González*1,2, W. Suissi2, L. H. Baumgard3, P. Y. Chouinard1, R. Gervais1, and D. E. Rico2, 1Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, 2CRSAD (Centre de recherche en sciences animales de Deschambault), Quebec, QC, Canada, 3Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

471 The effect of supplementing a natural additive containingHibiscus sabdariffa and a blend of essential oils to Holstein dairy cows on ruminal bacteria and archaea populations. D. Pitta*1, J. Ferguson1, B. Vecchiarelli1, C. Pappalardo1, M. Hennessy1, N. Indugu1, L. Baker1, J. Bender1, J.-P. Ricaud2, and M. Aoun2, 1Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania-School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, 2Idena Inc., Sautron, Pays de la Loire, France.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 110 Animal Health 6 Chairs: Eduardo de Souza Ribeiro, University of Guelph, and Bruna Mion, University of Guelph Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 289 The hidden cost of disease: Analyzing the economic losses due to the first instance of mastitis or lameness in multiparous cows. E. Shepley*1,3, M. A. Puerto1, R. I. Cue1, D. Warner1,2, and E. Vasseur1, 1McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, 2Lactanet Inc., Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, 3University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

290 The use of blood myeloid and lymphoid cell profiles to predict metritis in dairy cows. S. Casaro*1, J. G. Prim1, T. D. Gonzalez1, J. Driver1, J. E. P. Santos1, C. D. Nelson1, A. C. M. Silva1, M. G. Marrero1, J. Laporta2, and K. N. Galvão1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

291 Formation of blood neutrophil extracellular traps increases the mastitis risk of dairy cows during the peripartum period. L. Y. Jiang*, H. Z. Sun, R. W. Guan, and J. X. Liu, Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

292 Effects of palmitic acid on the formation of neutrophils extracellular traps in dairy cows during the postpartum period. L. Xie1, Y. Guan1, C. Shen1, J. Lu1, G. Opsomer2, O. Pascottini2,3, and Q. Dong*1, 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F Uni- versity, Yangling, Shaanxi, China, 2Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium, 3Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.

293 High-risk management practices for Johne’s disease infection in Ontario dairy herds. J. Imada*1, S. Roche1,2, C. Bauman1, and D. Kelton1, 1University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2ACER Consulting, Guelph, ON, Canada.

294 Lactobacillus animalis LA51 confer protection from the damaging effects of pathogenic Salmonella Dublin, Salmonella Newport, and Salmonella Heidelberg on the intestinal barrier. G. Copani*, O. C. M. Queiroz, and E. J. Boll, Chr. Hansen A/S, Animal Health and Nutrition, Hoersholm, Denmark.

Production, Management, and the Environment 6 Chair: Gail Carpenter, Iowa State University Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 439 Nitrogen efficiency as potential performance indicator for commercial dairy herds. F. X. Amaro*1, D. Vassolo1, J. M. Piñeiro2, A. Vieira-Neto3, D. R. Bruno4, F. Ferreira5, and D. Vyas1, 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Amarillo, TX, 3Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 4University of California Cooperative Extension, Fresno, CA, 5Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California-Davis, Tulare, CA.

440 Development of a globally standardized calibration system to measure enteric methane emissions from cattle using GreenFeed. D. Pang*, S. Zimmerman, and P. Zimmerman, C-Lock Inc., Rapid City, SD.

441 Environmental assessment of United States dairy farms. C. A. Rotz*1, R. Stout1, A. Leytem2, G. Feyereisen3, H. Waldrip4, G. Thoma5, M. Holly6, D. Bjorneberg2, J. Baker3, P. Vadas7, and P. Klein- man1, 1USDA-ARS, University Park, PA, 2USDA-ARS, Kimberly, ID, 3USDA-ARS, St. Paul, MN, 4USDA-ARS, Bushland, TX, 5University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 6University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, 7USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD.

442 Impact of feed additives on the farmgate carbon footprint of milk across regions in the United States. M. E. Uddin*1, J. M. Tricarico2, Y. Wang2, and E. Kebreab1, 1University of California–Davis, CA, 2Innovation Center for US Dairy, Rose- mont, IL.

443 Incorporating nitrogen mass balance into the Ruminant Farm Systems (RuFaS) Animal Simulation. T. L. Hansen*1, M. Sotirova1, K. Wang1, J. M. Tricarico2, and K. F. Reed1, 1Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2Dairy Management Inc., Rose- mont, IL.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 111 Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiology, Fermentation, and Digestion 2 Chair: Agustin Ríus, University of Tennessee Live discussion: 12:30 – 1:00 PM 472 Quantification of the effects of pH on rumen microbial fermentation and nitrogen metabolism using dual-flow continuous culture studies. A. A. Alamouti1, M. Cerrato2, and S. Calsamiglia*2, 1Department of Animal Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, 2Animal Nutri- tion and Welfare Service, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.

473 Effects of supplemental source of magnesium and inclusion of buffer on ruminal fermentation in continuous culture. J. A. Arce-Cordero*1, A. Ravelo1, J. R. Vinyard1, H. F. Monteiro1, B. C. Agustinho2, E. Sarmikasoglou1, S. L. Bennett3, and A. P. Faciola1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 3Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.

474 Comparative network analyses of continuous culture rumen fermentation. S. Sujani*1, B. Wenner2, J. L. Firkins2, and R. R. White1, 1Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

475 Effects of corn kernel particle size on rumen kinetics of corn silage nutrients. I. Ansia*1, A. Santos2, B. M. Tas3, J. A. Metcalf4, and H. van Laar1, 1Trouw Nutrition, Amersfoort, the Netherlands, 2Trouw Nutrition Spain, Tres Cantos, Spain, 3ForFarmers, Lochem, the Netherlands, 4Trouw Nutrition Canada, Guelph, ON Canada.

476 Liquid marker flow: Implications of marker infiltration in ruminal solids. M. B. Hall*, U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI.

Animal Health 7 Chairs: Fabio Lima, University of California–Davis, and Hugo Monteiro, University of California–Davis Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 395 Pegbovigrastim injections altered the immunometabolic state of Holstein cows when administered at the time of dry-off. J. M. Strickland*1, J. L. de Campos2, P. L. Ruegg1, and L. M. Sordillo1, 1Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

396 Bovine mammary involution measured histologically after dry treatment with casein hydrolysate alone or combined with other treatments. D. J. Wilson*1, J. E. Britten2, K. A. Rood1, and C. S. Clancy3, 1Utah State University, Logan, UT, 2Udder Health Systems, Meridian, UT, 3National Institutes of Health Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT.

397 Association between dry-cow therapy and antimicrobial resistance of mastitis pathogens after calving on California dairies. W. ElAshmawy*1,2, E. Okello1,3, D. Williams1, T. Lehenbauer1,3, and S. Aly1,3, 1Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Tulare, CA, 2Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, 3Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medi- cine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.

398 Results from a negatively controlled randomized clinical trial evaluating antimicrobial treatments for mastitis caused by gram- positive pathogens. Q. K. Kolar*1, S. M. Godden2, and P. L. Ruegg3, 1Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI, 2Depart- ment of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul MN, 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

399 Description of Staphylococcus spp. intramammary infections in early-lactation primiparous cows on organic dairy farms. F. P. Mosca*1, C. J. Dean1, B. J. Heins2, V. S. Machado3, P. J. Pinedo4, N. R. Noyes1, and L. S. Caixeta1, 1Department of Veterinary Popula- tion Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 2Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 3Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 4Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.

400 Effect of extended voluntary waiting period from calving until first insemination on udder health. J. Ma*1, A. Kok1, R. M. A. Goselink2, T. J. G. M. Lam3, B. Kemp1, and A. T. M. van Knegsel1, 1Adaptation Physiology group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 2Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wa- geningen, the Netherlands, 3Department of Population Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands. 2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 112 401 Modifiable management practices to improve udder health in dairy cattle during the dry period and early lactation: A scoping review. C. K. McMullen, J. M. Sargeant, D. F. Kelton, K. J. Churchill, K. S. Cousins, and C. B. Winder*, Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

Production, Management, and the Environment 7 Chair: Gail Carpenter, Iowa State University Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 444 Rearing of organic dairy calves with cows. B. J. Heins* and K. T. Sharpe, University of Minnesota, Morris, MN.

445 Effects of supplement crude protein concentration and genotype on milk production in grazing dairy cows. M. J. Doran*1, F. J. Mulligan2, M. B. Lynch1,3, A. G. Fahey1, N. J. Ryan1, C. McDonnell1, and K. M. Pierce1, 1School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin Lyons Farm, Celbridge, Naas, Co. Kildare, Ireland, 2School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland, 3Teagasc Environmental Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Wexford, Ireland.

446 Impact of residual feed intake measured during the growing period on subsequent performance, feed intake, and feed conversion efficiency of finishing beef × dairy calves. J. Johnson*, N. Deeb, J. Moreno, and G. Toro, STgenetics, Navasota, TX.

447 Validation of body condition scoring system in dairy buffaloesBubalus ( bubalis). M. Q. Shahid*1, S. H. Magsi1, M. A. Rashid2, N. Ahmed1, and M. Akhter3, 1Department of Livestock Management, University of Veteri- nary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, 2Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, 3Buffalo Research Institute, Pattoki, Pakistan.

Reproduction 3 Chair: Stephen LeBlanc, University of Guelph Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 454 Relationship between parturition perineal hygiene scores and postpartum uterine diseases occurrence in crossbred dairy cows. L. F. M. Silva, G. F. Moraes, B. M. Fernandes, and R. M. Santos*, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.

455 Association of metabolic status with puerperal metritis and reproductive outcomes in lactating Holstein dairy cows. A. Hubner*1, I. F. Canisso1, P. M. Peixoto1, W. M. Coelho Jr.1, L. Ribeiro1, B. M. Aldridge1, and F. S. Lima2, 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 2Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California–Da- vis, Davis, CA.

456 Meta-analysis of the effect of antibiotics and prostaglandin2α F for the treatment of endometritis in dairy cows. A. Husnain*1, M. Sagheer2, U. Arshad1, K. N. Galvão1, and J. E. P. Santos1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2University of Veteri- nary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

457 Rumen-protected methionine improves uterine immunometabolic status of dairy cows. A. R. Guadagnin*1, D. A. Velasco-Acosta2, S. L. Stella1, D. Luchini3, and F. C. Cardoso1, 1University of Illinois, Department of Animal Sci- ences, Urbana, IL, 2The Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research, Mosquera, Colombia, 3Adisseo NACA, Alpharetta, GA.

458 The vaginal microbiome of primiparous and multiparous Holstein and Jersey dairy cows with and without clinical endometritis. S. G. Moore*1, C. Feehily2, R. Doyle1, F. Crispie2, F. Buckley1, P. Lonergan3, P. D. Cotter2, and S. T. Butler1, 1Teagasc Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland, 2Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland, 3School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 113 459 Flow cytometric assessment of viability and functionality of uterine polymorphonuclear leukocytes in postpartum dairy cows. L. Lietaer*1, K. Demeyere2, S. Heirbaut3, E. Meyer2, G. Opsomer1, and O. B. Pascottini1,4, 1Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium, 2Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium, 3Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 4Department of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.

460 Association between transition health and estrus detection by activity monitors in dairy cows. T. C. Bruinjé*1, E. I. Morrison1, R. C. Serrenho1, D. Renaud1, E. S. Ribeiro2, and S. J. LeBlanc1, 1Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

Ruminant Nutrition: General 4 Chair: Eduardo Rico, University of Maryland Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 244 Meta-analysis to determine the impact of trace mineral source on nutrient digestibility in dairy and beef animals. M. Ibraheem*1, S. Kvidera2, and B. Bradford1, 1Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 2Micronutrient USA LLC, Indianapolis, IN.

245 Supplementing ruminally protected methionine or lysine improved milk production in transition cows. S. Elsaadawy1, Z. Wu1, H. Wang1, M. Hanigan4, and D. Bu*1,2, 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China, 2Joint Laboratory on Integrated Crop-Tree-Livestock Systems of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) and World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Beijing, China, 3Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Safety Animal Production, Hunan, China, 4Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.

246 Plasma bioavailability of choline and markers of choline absorption in lactating dairy cows provided a ruminal bolus of rumen- protected choline. T. L. France*, W. A. Myers, A. Javaid, and J. W. McFadden, Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

247 Effects of prepartum choline supplementation on health and performance in Holstein cows. M. B. Poindexter*1, G. Negro1, M. J. Granados1, P. G. L. Lima1, D. C. Ramos1, D. M. Burgos1, F. X. Amaro1, K. Estes2, M. G. Zenobi2, C. Zimmerman2, J. E. P. Santos1, and C. D. Nelson1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Balchem Corp., New Hampton, NY.

248 Assessment of trace mineral bioavailability: Successes, challenges, and opportunities. O. Genther-Schroeder*1 and S. Hansen2, 1Purina Animal Nutrition Center, Gray Summit, MO, 2Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ames, IA.

249 The effects of a zinc-methionine complex on blood zinc status and production performance of high-producing dairy cows. M. J. Oconitrillo*, H. K. J. P. Wickramasinghe, N. Stepanchenko, C. J. Siberski, J. E. Koltes, and J. A. D. R. N. Appuhamy, Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

250 Bioavailability of water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins during mycotoxin binder supplementation in dairy cows. A. Kihal*1, C. Marques1, M. Rodriguez-Prado1, E. J. Cunilleras2, and S. Calsamiglia1, 1Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, 2Dept. Medicina i Cirurgia Animal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.

Ruminant Nutrition: Gut Physiology, Fermentation, and Digestion 3 Chair: Agustin Ríus, University of Tennessee Live discussion: 1:00 – 1:30 PM 477 Metagenomic sequencing reveals that the ruminal resistome of dairy cattle is individualized and associated with milking traits. M. Y. Xue*1, Y. Y. Xie1, Y. F. Zhong1, J. X. Liu1, L. L. Guan2, and H. Z. Sun1, 1Institute of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 2Department of Agricul- tural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 114 478 Comparing rumen degradability characteristics of conventional and alternative grazing swards for dairy cows. K. M. McCarthy*1,3, M. B. Lynch2, K. M. Pierce2, V. P. Gath1, M. McDonald3, A. G. Fahey2, and F. J. Mulligan1, 1School of Veterinary Medi- cine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland, 2School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland, 3UCD Lyons Research Farm, Celbridge, Kildare, Ireland.

479 Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) fresh fruit as new feed source: I. Effect on apparent digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and milk -per formance in lactating dairy cows. M. T. Meselu1, L. Zhao1, G. Zitai1, S. Yifan1, L. Ma1, T. Callaway3, J. Xu2,5, and D. Bu*1,4, 1Institute of Animal Science, Beijing, China, 2Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, China, 3University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 4Joint Laboratory on Integrated Crop-Tree-Livestock Systems of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) and World Agro- forestry Center (ICRAF), Beijing, China, 5World Agroforestry Centre East and Central Asia, Kunming, China.

480 Heritable and non-heritable rumen bacteria are associated with differing roles and predictability of lactation performance of dairy cows. X. W. Zang*1, H. Z. Sun1, M. Y. Xue1, G. Plastow2, T. F. Yang2, L. L. Guan2, and J. X. Liu1, 1Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 2Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

481 Effects on rumen pH and milk composition of feeding either zero-grazed fresh grass or grass silage-based diets in lactating dairy cows. O. Neville*1, A. Fahey2, M. Sheehy3, and F. Mulligan1, 1School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland, 2School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland, 3Devenish Nutrition Ltd, Belfast, United Kingdom.

482 Brown midrib (BMR) genotype improves neutral detergent fiber digestibility within, but not necessarily across, species. H. Galyon*, C. Teets, R. Cockrum, and G. Ferreira, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA.

Animal Health 8 Chairs: Fabio Lima, University of California–Davis, and Hugo Monteiro, University of California–Davis Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 403 Evaluation of heat and pH treatments on the degradation of ceftiofur-spiked cow milk. A. Garzon*1, P. Pandey1, L. A. Tell2, S. Aly1,3, S. Biswas1, R. Poppenga4, and R. Pereira1, 1Department of Population Health and Repro- duction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, 2Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, 3Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, University of California–Davis, Tulare, CA, 4California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, Davis, CA.

404 Occurrence of mycotoxins in US total mixed rations. P. N. Gott*1, E. F. Schwandt1, S. M. Ramirez1, U. Hofstetter2, and G. R. Murugesan1, 1BIOMIN America Inc., Overland Park, KS, 2BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Getzersdorf, Lower Austria, Austria.

405 Occurrence of mycotoxins in 2020 US forages. P. N. Gott*1, E. F. Schwandt1, S. M. Ramirez1, U. Hofstetter2, and G. R. Murugesan1, 1BIOMIN America Inc., Overland Park, KS, 2BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Getzersdorf, Lower Austria, Austria.

406 Occurrence of mycotoxins in 2020 US corn and corn by-product feed ingredients. E. F. Schwandt*1, P. N. Gott1, S. Ramirez1, U. Hofstetter2, and G. R. Murugesan1, 1BIOMIN America, Overland Park, KS, 2BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Getzerdorf, Lower Austria, Austria.

Production, Management, and the Environment 8 Chair: Gail Carpenter, Iowa State University Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 448 Phenotypic evaluation of rumination time in Canadian dairy cattle. L. S. F. Lopes*1, H. R. Oliveira1, T. C. S. Chud1, F. S. Schenkel1, and C. F. Baes1,2, 1Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Depart- ment of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, 2Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 115 449 Association of herd ketosis prevalence and herd productivity. R. C. Serrenho* and T. F. Duffield, Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

450 Economics of reproductive strategies in Jersey herds. J. M. V. Pereira*1,2, F. H. S. Teixeira3, D. Bruno4, R. Bruno5, M. I. Marcondes6, and F. C. Ferreira2, 1Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, MG, Brazil, 2Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, Department of Population Health and Reproduction. School of Veterinary Medicine. University of California-Davis, Tulare, CA, 3Progressive Dairy Health Services LLC, Clovis, NM, 4University of California Cooperative Extension, Fresno, CA, 5Dairy Technical Service Veterinarian, Zoetis, Fresno, CA, 6Washington State University, Pullman, WA.

451 The macroalga Asparagopsis taxiformis decreases dry matter intake and milk production in dairy cows. D. E. Wasson*1, H. Stefenoni1, S. Welchez1, M. Fetter1, C. Lage1, A. Melgar1, S. Räisänen1, T. Silvestre1, C. Yarish2, and A. N. Hristov1, 1The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 2The University of Connecticut, Stamford, CT.

452 Diagnosing pregnancy status of US dairy cows with milk infrared spectroscopy. P. Khanal* and R. J. Tempelman, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

453 Sources of forage quality variation in New York State harvest 2020. J.A. Barrientos-Blanco* and K. F. Reed, Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.

Reproduction 4 Chair: Anna Denicol, University of California–Davis Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 461 The effect of small and large ovarian follicle fluid on oviduct cell gene expression in cattle. K. Peterson*, M. A. Oliver, S. Bhandari, S. Moorey, and D. Mathew, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN.

462 Relationships between modeled energy balance curve parameters and fertility traits in first-lactation cows. E. H. Cabezas-Garcia*1, M. Civiero2, and C. P. Ferris1, 1Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Hillsborough, UK, 2Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil.

463 Relationship between milk production and circulating concentration of progesterone on double ovulation in lactating Holstein cows submitted to Double Ovsynch. T. Valdés-Arciniega*1, E. Anta-Galván1, I. M. R. Leão1, M. S. El Azzi1,2, T. O. Cunha1, N. B. Cook1, and J. P. N. Martins1, 1Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 2Departamento de Zootecnia, Uni- versidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil.

464 Pharmacological inhibition of lipid accumulation in bovine oocytes. L. M. Mayo*, O. U. Bolden-Tiller, and G. G. Wirtu, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL.

465 Effect of progesterone on bovine endometrial cell expression of select transporters and growth factors. M. A. Oliver*, K. D. Peterson, S. Bhandari, and D. J. Mathew, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN.

466 Evaluation of automatic or manual methods of computing blood flow indices of uterine arteries during the estrous cycle inBos indicus dairy cows. M. Hassan*1,2, U. Arshad2,3, H. I. Habib2, and N. Ahmad2, 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan, 2Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, 3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

Ruminant Nutrition: General 5 Chair: Eduardo Rico, University of Maryland Live discussion: 1:30 – 2:00 PM 251 Effects of probiotics supplementation on production performance of early-lactation dairy cows. A. Oyebade*, S. Lee, K. Arriola, H. Sultana, E. Duvalsaint, F. Amaro, I. F. Marenchino, C. Nino De Guzman, L. M. Pacheco, L. Mu, H. Guan, K. V. de Almeida, L. G. Ghizzi, A. Adesogan, D. Vyas, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 116 252 Effects of probiotics supplementation on untargeted ruminal and plasma metabolome of early-lactation dairy cows: Untargeted metabolomics approach. A. Oyebade*1, A. Adesogan1, D. Vyas1, and I. Ogunade2, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV.

253 Effects of nitrate sources on in vitro methane production, dry matter degradability, and ruminal fermentation parameters in diets differing in starch fermentability. K. V. Almeida*1,2, C. N. Guzman1, I. F. Marenchino1, P. H. C. Cardoso1, B. A. R. Andrade1, L. Mu1, F. X. Amaro1, K. G. Arriola1, H. Sultana1, G. T. Santos2, J. L. P. Daniel2, R. C. Araujo3, and D. Vyas1, 1University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 2Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil, 3GRASP, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.

254 Exploring the threshold of non-protein nitrogen in dairy cattle diets by postruminal urea delivery. K. Nichols*1, L. Lippens2, D. Seymour1, R. Rauch1, and J. Martín-Tereso1, 1Trouw Nutrition R&D, Amersfoort, the Netherlands, 2Trouw Nutrition R&D, Burford, ON, Canada.

255 Effects of the brown seaweed Chondrus crispus on milk yield and enteric methane emissions in dairy cows. D. C. Reyes*1, J. P. Sacramento1, Y. Geng1,2, L. H. Silva1,3, N. Price4, C. Quigley4, and A. F. Brito1, 1Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China, 3Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, 4Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Boothbay, ME.

256 Feeding alfalfa- or red clover-grass mixtures: Effects on production and milk fatty acids in dairy cows. M. J. Lange2,1, L. H. P. Silva3, M. Ghelichkhan1, M. A. Zambom1, and A. F. Brito*1, 1University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Universi- dade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, Marechal Candido Rondon, PR, Brazil, 3Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY.

257 Feeding alfalfa- or red clover-grass mixtures: Effects on methane emissions and plasma amino acids in dairy cows. M. J. Lange2,1, L. H. P. Silva3, M. Ghelichkhan1, M. A. Zambom1, and A. F. Brito*1, 1University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 2Universi- dade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, Marechal Candido Rondon, PR, Brazil, 3Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY.

OTHER EVENTS: Wednesday Afternoon

Live Text Chats with Poster Presenters 2:00 – 3:00 PM

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 117 SYMPOSIA

Animal Behavior and Well-Being Symposium: Translating Animal Welfare Science— Animal Experiences, Dairy Production Implications, and Societal Viewpoints Chair: Amber Adams-Progar, Washington State University 4:00 – 6:00 PM 4:00 PM S167 Decision-making as an indicator of affective state: A cost-benefit framework. S. J. J. Adcock*, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

4:30 PM S168 How do we humanely feed a hungry world? Supply chain challenges and solutions and what it means to dairy farmers. J. B. Walker*, Danone, Broomfield, CO.

5:00 PM S169 Global challenges and implications for animal agriculture and opportunities for animal welfare. J. Marchant-Forde*, USDA-ARS, Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN.

5:30 PM Discussions and Questions

Breeding and Genetics: Crossbreeding Chair: Daniela Lourenco, University of Georgia 4:00 – 6:00 PM 4:00 PM S147 Capitalizing on breed differences and heterosis. L. B. Hansen*, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

4:20 PM S148 Genomic evaluations for crossbreed dairy cattle. B. Harris*, E. Reynolds, C. Couldrey, M. Nilforooshan, A. Winkelman, and R. Sherlock, Livestock Improvement Corp., Hamil- ton, Waikato, New Zealand.

4:40 PM S149 Genomic evaluation with multibreed and crossbred data. I. Misztal*, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

5:00 PM S150 Economics of using beef semen in dairy herds. V. E. Cabrera*, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

5:20 PM S151 Selecting Angus sires for the growing beef on dairy market. S. P. Miller*1, J. A. Archer2, F. Hely2, C. Quinton2, K. Retallick1, D. Moser1, and P. Amer2, 1Angus Genetics, Saint Joseph, MO, 2AbacusBio Limited, Dunedin, New Zealand.

5:40 PM Discussion and Questions

Reproduction Symposium: Prebreeding Predictors of Fertility Chair: Anna Denicol, University of California–Davis Sponsor: Merck Animal Health 4:00 – 6:00 PM 4:00 PM S173 Use of multiple biological, management, and performance data for the design of targeted reproductive management strategies for dairy cows. J. Giordano*, Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 118 4:25 PM S174 Genomic markers of fertility in Holstein heifers. J. C. Dalton*1, J. N. Kiser2, E. M. Keuter2, C. M. Seabury3, M. Neupane2, J. G. N. Moraes4, G. W. Burns6, T. E. Spencer5, and H. L. Neibergs2, 1University of Idaho, Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences Department, Caldwell Research and Extension Center, Caldwell, ID, 2Washington State University, Department of Animal Sciences, Pullman, WA, 3Texas A&M University, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, TX, 4Oklahoma State University, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Stillwater, OK, 5University of Missouri, Division of Animal Sciences, Columbia, MO, 6Michigan State University, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Grand Rapids, MI.

4:50 PM S175 Using leukocyte transcriptome analysis for predicting fertility potential in heifers. F. Biase*, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA.

5:15 PM S176 Understanding endometrial function for early pregnancy success in cattle. N. Forde*, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK.

5:40 PM Discussion and Questions

OTHER EVENTS: Wednesday Evening

Closing Session: Outgoing and Incoming ADSA Presidents 6:00 – 7:00 PM

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 119 Author Index

Numbers following names refer to abstract numbers . A number alone indicates an oral presentation; SC preceding the number indicates a student competition, a P indicates a poster, and S indicates a symposium presentation, and a W indicates a presentation in the post-conference webinar series . Student competition abstracts are listed first, followed by orals, posters, symposia presentations, and webinar presentations .

The author index is created directly and automatically from the submitted abstracts . If an author’s name is entered differently on multiple abstracts, the entries in this index will reflect those discrepancies . Efforts have been made to make this index consistent; however, error from author entry contributes to inaccuracies .

A Alameri, M ., SC176 Ansia, I ., 475 Alamouti, A . A ., 472 Anta-Galván, E ., 240, 241, 463, P325 Abdelfattah, E . M ., 177 Alcaine, S ., P182, P193, P219, P220, P221 Antúnez, G ., P347 Abdel-Majeed, M . A ., P297 Alcantara, L ., P155 Aoun, M ., 471 Abdelqader, A ., P297 Aldridge, B . M ., 455, P308, P309, P314 Apelo, S . A ., P273 Abeyta, M . A ., 134, 261, P271, P274, P443, Aldridge, M . N ., W120 Appuhamy, J . A . D . R . N ., 249, 261, P457, P448, P449 Al-Fataftah, A . A ., P297 P480, S107, S108 Abney-Schulte, C ., P418 Alfradique, V . A . P ., 148 Araujo, R . C ., 253 Aboragah, A ., 326, P272, P434 Al-Hammadi, A ., SC174 Arce-Cordero, J ., SC123, SC132, SC144, 473, Abou-Rjeileh, U ., 264, 284 Alharthi, A ., 326 P405, P455 Abreu, M ., P147 Alharthi, A . S ., 499 Archer, J . A ., S151 Abreu, M . B ., P223, P461 Al-Khudhair, A ., 199 Arens, S . C ., 108 Absalon-Medina, V . A ., 241, P318 Allen, S . C ., P303, P376 Ariciaga-Gonzalez, C ., 490 Abuajamieh, M ., P297 Al-Madhani, S ., SC175 Arneson, A . G ., 433, 435 Abuelo, A ., 136, W112 Almalki, T ., P217 Arrieta, E . J ., SC170 Acedo, T ., P433 Almeida, K ., P379 Arriola, K ., 251, P379 Acetoze, G ., 331, P427 Almeida, K . V ., 253, P240 Arriola, K . G ., 253 Acharya, S ., P459 Almeida, R ., P126, P133, P145, P295, P388, Arriola Apelo, S . I ., P472 Adam, S ., 235 P456, P462 Arroyo, J . M ., P242 Adamich, D . G ., P114 Alnimer, M . A ., P297 Arsenault, J ., 488 Adamowicz, W ., S180 Al-Qaisi, M ., P297 Arshad, U ., 456, 466 Adcock, S . J . J ., 168, S167 Alsaleem, K . A ., P174 Aryal, U . K ., 221 Addo, F ., 386 Alvarez, D . M ., 278 Aryana, K ., P195 Adeniji, Y ., 149 Alvarez-Hess, P ., 146 Ashida, N ., P136 Adesogan, A ., 251, 252, 360, P408 Alward, K ., SC150 Asiamah, E ., P122 Adjei-Fremah, S ., P122 Aly, S ., 233, 397, 403 Askel, E . J ., P456, P462 Aghalari, A ., P287 Aly, S . S ., 177 Aso, H ., P136 Aguerre, M . J ., 324, P453 AlZahal, O ., SC121, P372, P423 Asper, D ., 189 Aguiar, G . C ., P145, P462 Amamcharla, J ., SC100, SC101, P176, P212 Aspri, M ., W105 Aguilar, M . D ., P162 Amaro, F ., 251, P379 Atamer, Z ., P197 Aguirre, M . G ., P380 Amaro, F . X ., 173, 247, 253, 439, P276 Aubineau, T ., P127 Agustinho, B ., SC120 Ambrose, D . J ., 348, P305, P323, P324, P330 Auer, F ., 232 Agustinho, B . C ., SC123, SC144, 157, 158, Amdall, J ., 287 Auldist, M ., 137, 146 473, P405, P455, S133 Amer, P ., S151 Avalos, J . O ., 489 Ahamdzadeh, A ., P319 Amorim, V . T ., P307 Awad, S ., P180 Ahangarani, M ., P347 Ampe, B ., 163 Ayemele, A . G ., 467 Ahmad, N ., 466 Anand, S ., SC102, SC103, SC109, SC110, Ayers, A ., P375 Ahmadzadeh, A ., P323, P486 SC111, 117, P190, P216, P217 Ayyash, M ., SC174, SC175, SC176 Ahmed, N ., 447 Anchordoquy, J . M ., P380 Ahrné, L ., 368 Anchordoquy, J . P ., P380 B Ai, Y ., SC147 Anderson, R . C ., P373, P374 Akbar, H ., P441 Andrade, B . A . R ., 253 Babb, M ., P204, P205, P206 Akers, R . M ., P255, P257 Andrade, J . P ., 243, P327 Babu, K . S ., SC100 Akhter, M ., 447 Angeles-Hernandez, JC, 160 Baccili, C . C ., P126 Akins, M ., P101 Angelo, I . D . V ., P114 Bach, A ., P347, P422 Akins, M . S ., P241, P294 Anju, A ., P239 Bach, K ., SC133 Alalam, S ., SC146 Bacigalupo, P ., 136

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 120 Bacigalupo-Sanguesa, P ., 237 Beckett, L . M ., P381, P446, P447 Bomberger, R ., 149, 159, 265, P304, P360, Badiger, S ., 216, P191 Belaid, A ., 491 P392 Baeck, J . M ., P292 Belaid, M . A ., P469 Bongers, R ., P156 Baes, C . F ., 109, 193, 194, 299, 300, 301, 413, Bélanger, G ., P238, P281 Bonilla, J ., 273 448, P155, P156, P157, P159, P161, P172 Bélanger-Naud, S ., 486 Borchardt, S ., 327, 351, P321, S164 Bagheri, N ., P439 Ben Meir, Y . A ., 151, 393 Borchers, K ., 189 Baghme, N ., SC130 Benaissa, S ., 163 Borchers, M ., 189 Bah, M ., P288 Bench, C . J ., 348 Botelho, R . B ., 122 Bahadi, M ., P208 Benchaar, C ., P387, P401 Bothe, B ., P135 Bahloul, L ., 164, 373, 374, 491, P483 Bender, J ., 471, W119 Boucher, M .-S ., P476 Bahman, A ., SC132, P455 Bennett, S ., P405 Boudon, A ., P127 Baier, F ., SC173, 142 Bennett, S . L ., SC123, 265, 473, P360 Boulanger, C ., 235 Baier, F . S ., P104, P116 Bergeron, R ., 276, 277 Bourne, D . E ., P139 Bailey, C . E ., P337 Bermann, M ., 202 Boutinaud, M ., 428 Bailey, E ., P459 Bernabucci, U ., P300 Bovenhuis, H ., S123 Bajaj, R ., 312 Bernal, E ., P403 Boyle, D ., P212 Bajus, A ., P151 Bernal-Córdoba, C ., P339 Boyum, B ., S143 Baker, J ., 441 Bernard, J ., P148 Bradford, B . J ., 152, 244, P400, P418, W115 Baker, L ., 471 Bernard, J . K ., 145, 355, P269 Brady Yount, D . M ., 177 Baker, P . H ., SC131, P256 Bernardes, J . P . G ., P334 Brake, D ., P459 Baldi, A ., 494 Berry, D . P ., P163 Brandao, V ., P451 Baldwin, R ., P165 Bérubé, A ., SC146 Brenna, T ., P368 Baldwin, R . L ., 302, 303 Bes, S ., P252, P253 Bresolin, T ., 130, 142, P103, P150, P153 Ballou, M . A ., P131, P276 Bettencourt, A . F ., P114 Bretl, V . G ., P154 Balzano-Nogueira, L . O ., 147 Bettis, S ., 422 Brink, A . A ., P123 Balzarini, M . G ., SC145 Bevilacqua, C ., P252 Brisson, V ., SC126 Bao, X . Y ., 113 Bhandari, S ., 461, 465 Brito, A . F ., 255, 256, 257, 318, 319, P240, Barbano, D . M ., SC107, SC115, SC133, P303, Bianchini, A ., P198, P199 P373, P374, P397, P399 P376, P384, P389 Biase, F ., S175 Brito, L . F ., 299 Bargas-Bello-Perez, E ., 160 Bicalho, R . C ., 434 Britten, J . E ., 396 Bargo, F ., P229, P351, P380 Bickhart, D ., S125 Broadbent, J ., P188 Barile, D ., S158 Bignardi Da Costa, L ., 494 Broderick, G . A ., 364 Barkema, H . W ., 170, 306 Bilby, T . R ., 238, P320 Bromfam, G ., 469 Barragan, A . A ., SC169, SC170, 353, P113 Bilderback, D ., SC166 Broomfield, J . J ., P484, P485 Barrera, A ., P233 Billa, P .-A ., P253 Brost, K . N ., 274, P120 Barrientos-Blanco, J .A ., 453 Birman, K . P ., 339 Brown, W ., 498 Barros, M ., P233 Bisinotto, D . Z ., 147 Bruckmaier, R . M ., 219, P251, P254, P262, Bartel, A ., P321 Bisinotto, R . S ., 147, 195, P320, P484, P485 S159 Bartolomeo, N ., P300 Biswas, S ., 403 Bruinjé, T . C ., 460, P328, P329 Bas, S ., SC170, 353 Bittar, C . M . M ., P334, P335, P336, P344, Bruno, D ., 450 Basco, F . P ., P237 P346 Bruno, D . R ., 187, 229, 439 Basiel, B . L ., 410 Bjorneberg, D ., 441 Bruno, R ., 450 Batchelder, T . A ., P137 Black, R . A ., P285 Bruno, R . G . S ., 328 Batista, C . F ., P385 Blake, K . J ., P175 Bryant, V, SC149 Batistel, F ., SC130, P438, P439, P440 Blankart, M ., 415 Bu, D . P, 245, 467, 479, P289, P290, P368, Battagin, M ., 197 Bleach, E . C . L ., 345 P370 Baudo, A ., P148 Block, E ., SC142, 140 Buccioni, A ., 493, 494 Bauer, J ., P317 Blome, R ., P350 Buchan, T ., 271 Bauerfeind, L ., 327 Blouin, R ., SC141, 432 Buckley, F ., 458 Bauman, C ., 293 Boby, C ., P252 Bucktrout, R ., 499 Baumgard, L . H ., 134, 261, 437, 470, P271, Boerman, J . P ., 221, 262, 330, 336, 424, 425, Buczinski, S ., 488 P274, P289, P290, P297, P420, P426, P298 Budoya, R . S ., P336 P429, P443, P448, P449, P457 Bogdanich, R ., 140 Bugoni, M ., P358, P433, P435, P458 Baxter, L . L ., SC149 Bohlen, J ., SC153, SC157, SC163 Bulcke, Q ., P416 Beach, A ., SC172 Bokkers, E . A . M ., 102, 421 Bulnes, M ., 273 Beauchemin, K . A ., P387, P401 Bolden-Tiller, O . U ., 464 Burch, A . M ., 266, 369 Becher, M . A ., 208 Boll, E . J ., 294 Burchard, J . F ., 302, 303 Becker, C . A ., 100, P287 Bolton, O . F . D ., 345 Burdick, M ., P366 Beckett, L ., P460 Burgers, E . E . A ., 139

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 121 Burgess, M . K ., 433 Carnahan, K ., P486 Chaudhary, N ., 311 Burgos, D . M ., 173, 247 Carneiro, J . H ., P133, P295, P456 Chauhan, S . S ., S116 Burnett, T . A ., P317, S164 Carpenter, A ., S184 Chay-Canul, A . J ., 207, 484 Burns, G . W ., S174 Carpinelli, N . A ., 280, 281 Chebel, R . C ., SC128, P119, P245, P320 P488, Burroughs, S ., P196 Carrari, I . F ., P295, P456, P462 S163 Buse, K ., P404 Carrelli, J . E ., P323, P330 Chen, J ., 422 Buse, K . K ., P412 Carrenho-Sala, L ., P318 Chen, X ., 155, 468 Buss, L . N ., LB102 Carrillo, E ., P352 Chen, Y .-C ., 145, 355 Butler, S . T ., 458, S166 Carrillo-Moreno, D ., P352 Chesini, R . G ., P358, P385, P433, P435, P458 Buzby, J . C ., S128 Carrillo-Moreno, E ., P352 Chester-Jones, H ., P340, P341, P343, P345 Byrne, N ., 102 Carriquiry, M ., 412, P382 Chevaux, E ., 258 Carroll, A ., SC171 Chilibroste, P ., P282, P284 C Carroll, A . L ., P398 Chiogna Junior, V ., P248 Carter, J ., P301 Chirivi, M ., 284, 285 Cabezas-Garcia, E . H ., 462 Cartes, D ., 391 Choi, G . H ., 328 Cabral, C ., P292 Cartwright, S ., P125 Chorfi, Y., 488 Cabrera, E . M ., 238, 242 Carvalho, G ., P252 Choudhary, R . K ., P139, P258 Cabrera, V . E ., 225, 226, 341, 342, 352, S150 Carvalho, J . T .R ., 280, 281 Choudhary, S ., P258 Cady, S ., 259 Carvalho, M . B ., P346 Chouinard, P . Y ., 354, 470 Cai, J ., 234 Carvalho, P . D ., P294 Christensen, D ., SC121, SC147, P477 Caixeta, L ., 189, 191, 227, 279, P134, S143 Casal, A ., P382 Christensen, D . A ., P372, P414 Caixeta, L . S ., 103, 399, P144 Casalino, E ., 263 Christenson, A ., 121 Caja, G ., 491, P483 Casanova-Lugo, F ., 484 Chrusciel, M ., P215 Cajarville, C ., P242, P347 Casaro, S ., 290 Chud, T . C . S ., 109, 306, 448, P157 Caldeira, M . O ., 219 Casarotto, L . T ., 141, 333 Church, C ., 347 Calix, J . O . S ., P269 Casey, T . M ., 221, 330 Churchill, K . J ., 401 Callaway, T ., 479, P443, P448, P370 Cassina, A ., 412 Cinq-Mars, D ., 488 Calsamiglia, S ., 250, 332, 388, 472, 491, Castagnino, D ., SC126 Cirot, C ., 382 P128, P469, P470, P475, P483 Castaño, F . A ., 133 Civiero, M ., 462 Calzaretti, G ., 263 Castelán Ortega, O . A ., 489 Clancy, C . S ., 396 Camacho, G ., 359, 365, P413, P417 Castillejos, L ., P128 Clarke, H . J ., 120 Campbell, C ., 389, S130 Castillo, A . R ., P292 Cleale, R ., 328 Campbell, J ., P350 Castro, C ., SC130 Coarsey, M ., P148 Campolina, J ., 325, P150, P264 Castro, M . M . D ., 230, P291 Cockrum, R ., SC125, SC150, 482 Campolina, J . P ., P260, P331, P332 Cavadini, J . S ., P241 Coel, K . M ., P104 Campos, L . M ., 143, 338, 378, 389, P383, Cavani, L ., SC173, 408, 411 Coelho, M . G ., P335, P346 S109, S110 Cecchinato, A ., 197 Coelho, S . G ., 130, 182, P153, P307, P331, Campos, M . M ., P153, P307, P331, P332 Ceja, G ., 262 P332 Canale, C ., P424 Celemín-Sarmiento, A ., 358 Coelho Jr ., W . M ., 455, P308, P309, P314 Cangiano, L . R ., LB102 Celestino, M . L ., P131, P144 Cohen-Zinder, M ., P158 Cañibe, G ., P382 Celi, P ., 362 Cole, J . B ., 196, 199, P123 Canisso, I . F ., 455, P308, P309, P314, P326 Celimin, A ., 354 Coleman, D . N ., 436, 438, P272, P434 Canozzi, M . E . A ., P115 Cella, E ., 233 Collao-Saenz, E . A ., P248, P378 Cant, J ., 356, P108, P478 Cerrato, M ., 472 Collier, R . J ., S114 Cantalapiedra-Hijar, G ., 164 Cerri, R ., 194, P159, P321 Collings, C ., LB105 Cantet, J . M ., SC151, P351 Cerri, R . L . A ., S164 Collins, A . M ., 213 Cantó Alarcón, G . J ., P162 Cesarani, A ., 200 Colombatto, D ., 485 Cantor, M ., P100 Cezar, A . M ., P335, P336, P346 Colon-Rodríguez, I ., P249, P250 Cantor, M . C ., SC165, 179, P118 Chahine, M ., P223, P224 Combs, G ., SC173 Canul, A . C ., 490 Chamberland, J ., SC146 Combs, G . J ., P116 Canul Solis, J . R ., 484 Chandler, T . L ., LB104 Compton, C ., P453 Cao, Y ., 155, 468, P349 Chang, C ., P356 Conboy, M ., 178, P151 Cao, Z ., 260, P353, P409 Chanine, M ., 344 Condon, T ., P163 Carabeau, M ., 363 Chantelauze, C ., 164 Conesa, A . C ., 147 Caratzu, M . F ., P449 Chapman, C ., P393 Conley, A . J ., P326 Cardoso, D . F ., 193 Chapman, J ., P124, P384 Connelly, M ., 132, 496, P266, P273 Cardoso, F . C ., 379, 436, 438, 457, P270, Chapman, J . D ., P437, P450 Connor, A ., SC150 P315, P322, P338 Charbonneau, É, P281, P238, P476 Consentini, C . E . C ., 240 Cardoso, P . H . C ., 253 Charlton, G . L ., 345 Carmickle, A . T ., SC122

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 122 Contreras, G . A ., SC138, 264, 284, 285, P265, D de Souza, J ., SC168, P357, P362, P438, P440 S121, W112 de Souza, J . C ., 241 Cook, K ., 422 Da, Y ., P167, P168, P169, P170, P171 De Souza Pinheiro, J ., P279, P293 Cook, N . B ., 463, P102 da Costa, L ., SC169, 166, P113 De Vries, A ., 236, P129 Cook, N . J ., 348 Daddam, J . R ., P278 Deacon, A .-M ., 432 Copani, G ., 294 Dado-Senn, B ., SC143, 333, 429 Dean, C . J ., 399 Copelin, J ., P395 Daenicke, S ., 223 DeBlois, C . L ., P302 Copelin, J . E ., SC124, P415 Dahl, G . E ., SC143, 141, 333, 334, 429, W114 Dechow, C . D ., SC162, 198, 224, 295, 409, Corl, B . A ., SC164, 431, P255, P257 Dahlke, G . R ., P236 410, P158, P160 Cornejo García, N . L ., P162 Dai, X ., 430 Deeb, N ., 446 Corpron, M ., P323 Dale, L ., 232 Del Razo-Rodriguez, O ., 160 Correa, A ., P147, P461 Daley, V . L ., P383, S109, S110 Del Valle, T . A ., P385 Correa, P . V . F ., 135 Dallago, G . M ., 340, 346 Delagarde, R ., 163 Correa-Luna, M ., 164 Dalton, J ., 344, P223 Delaquis, A ., P479 Corredig, M ., SC108, S136 Dalton, J . C ., P228, S174 Della Libera, A . M . M . P ., P385 Correia, P . V . F ., P291 Damasceno, L . L ., P145, P230 Demarsh, T ., P193 Côrtes, C ., P387, P401 Damián, J . P ., P282, P284 DeMarsh, T . A ., P219 Cortes-Hernandez, J . G ., 308 Dan, D ., 219 Deme, P ., P354 Cortinas, C ., 362 Dancy, K . M ., 276, 277 DeMers, G . M ., SC162 Cortinhas, C ., P433 Danes, M . A . C ., P222 Demeyere, K ., 459 Coskun, O ., SC108 Daniel, J . L . P ., 253 Deng, G ., P407 Costa, A ., 407, P209 Daniel, J .-B ., 385 Denicol, A . C ., SC122 Costa, J ., 186 Daniels, K ., SC159, SC164 Denis-Robichaud, J ., S164 Costa, J . H . C ., SC155, SC161, SC165, 178, Dann, H ., 392 Dennis, T . S ., 424, 425 179, 275, P100, P118 Danner, A . L ., P173 deRiancho, D ., P182, P193 Costa, M . L . G . F ., 355 Darabighane, B ., 483 Detrick, C ., LB100 Costa e Silva, L . F ., P385 Das, M ., LB100 DeVries, T . J ., LB102, SC167, 168, 174, 230, Costa Nascimento, T . V ., P482 Das, N ., 312 231, 276, 277, 286, 423 Cotter, P . D ., 458 Davidson, B . D ., SC143, 334, 429 DeWit, C ., P276 Couldrey, C ., 129, S148 Davies, S . J ., 258 Dhuyvetter, K . C ., 500 Coupland, J . N ., 414 Davis, B ., 129 Diallo, A . B ., 346 Cousins, K . S ., 401 de Alcantara, L . V . B ., P435 Dias, M ., P248 Coutinho, L . L ., P344 de Almeida, K . V ., 251 Dias da Silva, M . S ., P433, P458 Couvillion, S . P ., P140 de Almeida Teixeira, I . A . M ., P377 Díaz, F ., P242, P243, P363, P364, P419 Cowles, K . E ., 424, 425 de Assis Lage, C . F ., 187 Diepersloot, E . C ., 322, 323, P231, P234, Cox, M . S ., LB103, P302 de Boer, I . J . M ., 102 P236 Cramer, G ., 103, 169, 189, 279, 281 de Bruijn, B . G . C ., P106 Dieter, P ., P369 Cramer, M . C ., 271 De Campeneere, S ., 419 Digman, M . F ., 320 Crapart, N ., P252 de Campos, J . L ., 395, P138 Dijkstra, J ., SC126, 382, 385 Crawford, C . A ., P320 de Guzman, C . N ., P379 Dillard, S . L ., 318, 319 Crenshaw, J ., P350 de Haas, Y ., W120 Dinardo, F . R ., 263 Creutzinger, K ., 171, 172, 186, 392, P151, de Haro Marti, M ., 344, P223, P224 Diniz Neto, H . C ., P331, P332 P152 de Jong, E ., 306 Djira, G ., SC110 Crispie, F ., 458 de Jong, G ., W120 Doak, J ., SC165 Crompton, R ., 118 de Jong, S ., 170 Doane, P ., P460 Cronin, S ., P471 De Koster, J ., S118 Dobson, J ., 129 Crooker, B ., 279, P123 de la Cruz-Fontánez, N ., 335 Domek, M ., 211, P185, P187 Crotty, S ., 213 De La Guardia-Hidrogo, V . M ., 153 Domenech-Pérez, K ., P249, P250 Crowley, S . V ., 213 De la Sota, R . L ., SC145 Dominguez, M ., 241 Cruz-González, N . M ., P249, P250 de Lima, E . A . Q ., P378 Donald, E . J ., SC113 Cue, R . I ., 289, 340, 346 De Marchi, M ., 407, P209 Dondé, S . C ., P334, P335, P346 Cueva, S . F ., 384, P431, P468 de Oliveira, E . B ., P119 Dong, L ., 116 Cullens, F ., 136 de Oliveira, G ., 194 Dong, Q ., 292, P109 Cullum, A ., 129 de Oliveira Lima, A . G . V ., P482 Donkin, S ., P381, P460 Culumber, M ., 211, P185, P186, P187 De Palo, P ., 263, P300, W104 Doran, M . J ., 445 Cunha, F ., P121 de Paula e Silva, T . B ., P433, P458 Dorea, J . R ., P104, P150 Cunha, T . O ., 463 De Pauw, M ., P159 Dorea, J . R . R ., 130, 142, 337, 387, P153, Cunilleras, E . J ., 250 de Sousa, L . X ., P482 P307 Curtin, C ., P183 de Sousa, M . N ., P482 dos Reis, B . R ., P311

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 123 dos Santos Neto, J . M ., 268, 369, 370, P359, Embree, M ., 365 Ferreira, F . C ., 177, 182, 187, 190, 229, 344, P361, P362, P371 Encarnación, S ., 272, 273, 288 450, P223 Douglas, M ., 137, 146 Endres, M ., 101, 103, 227, 228, 229, S134 Ferreira, G ., SC125, 324, 482 Doupovec, B ., P421 Engelking, L . E ., P305, P324 Ferreira, L . D ., P153 Doyen, A ., SC146 Enger, B ., P406 Ferreira, M . M ., P291 Doyle, R ., 458 Enger, B . D ., SC131, P256 Ferreira, R . E . P ., 337, P307 Doyle, S . B ., P110 Enger, K . M ., SC131, P256 Ferretti, R ., S124 Drackley, J . K ., 274, P120 Engeseth, M ., 156 Ferris, C . P ., 462 Drake, M . A ., SC107, SC115, SC117, SC118, Engstrom, M ., 362 Ferro, L ., P384, P389, P390 SC119, 212, P303, P376, S135 Enteshari, M ., 315, 317 Ferro, P . P . C ., 103 Drake, R ., SC165 Erb, S ., SC173, P263 Fetter, M ., 451, P296 Drehmel, O ., P343 Erb, S . J ., P116 Feyereisen, G ., 441 Drehmer, L . V ., 362 Erickson, M ., S182 Field, S ., SC135 Driver, J ., 290 Erickson, P . S ., P244, P246, P247 Field, S . L ., SC143, 429 Druker, S ., P277 Erskine, R ., 237 Figueiredo, C . C . , 147, P320 Duarte, G . A ., P320 Espino-Martínez, J ., P419 Fillus, A . M ., P126 Duarte, M . S ., 135 Espinoza, I ., P233 Fioruci, E . A ., P334 Duffield, T ., 140, 168, 183, 286, 347, 449, Espinoza-Sandoval, O . R ., 332 Firkins, J . L ., 474, P396 P109, P146 Esposito, G ., 258 Fischer, A ., 428, 430 Dufour, E ., P340, P341, P342, P345 Estes, K ., 173, 247 Fischer, V ., P114, P115, P333 Dumpler, J ., 416 Estrada Flores, J . G ., 489 Fischer-Tlustos, A ., 356 Duncan, J ., SC150 Estrada-Reyes, Z, SC149 Fleming, A ., 304 Dunn, J ., 181, P152 Estrada-Reyes, Z . M ., 360 Florentino, C ., 189 Dunn, M ., SC107 Eun, J .-S ., P468 Florentino, C . C ., 191, P134 Dunshea, F . R ., S116 Evans, E ., P423 Flynn, B ., P182 Duplessis, M ., P428 Everett, D ., S102 Foley, L ., SC160 Durkin, J ., 363 Fong, A ., 413 Dürr, J . W ., 302, 303 F Fonseca, P . A . S ., 306 Dutra, V . S . V ., P222 Fontana, J ., P316 Faas, J ., 437, P274, P421 Duvalsaint, E ., 251 Fontoura, A . B . P ., 434 Fàbregas, F ., P347 Dvorska, J ., 469 Forbes, K . A ., SC158 Faciola, A ., SC123, SC132, SC140, SC144, Dziuba, M ., S143 Forde, N ., S176 364, 473, P405, P452, P455 Forgeard, G ., P416 Facury Filho, E . J ., P153 E Foris, B ., LB106 Fadul-Pacheco, L ., 225, 226, 342 Fosado, M ., 243, P318, P327 Eagan, B . H ., LB106 Fahey, A ., 481 Fourdraine, R ., 287 Ealy, A . D ., 433, 435 Fahey, A . G ., 144, 445, 478, P310 France, T . L ., 246 Easton, Z ., P311 Famula, T . R ., P173 Francia, F ., P469, P483 Eastridge, M ., 367 Fang, T ., P214 Francoeur, L ., LB100 Eckelkamp, E ., SC134, SC156, SC160, SC166 Farcey, F ., P148 Frank, F ., P351 Eduardo, S . V ., P162 Farnetano, N . A ., P380 Fraser, R . S ., 301 Edwards, K ., SC155 Faulconnier, Y ., P252, P253 Frazzon, J ., P333 Edwards-Callaway, L ., 271 Faulkner, B . E ., P303 Freestone, A . D ., 134, P271, P274, P448 Egger-Danner, C ., 232 Faverdin, P ., 428 Freitas, A . W . P ., 122 Ekwemalor, K ., P122 Favorit, V . R ., 127 Fricke, P . M ., 238, 242, 351, 352, P294, S165 El Azzi, M . S ., 238, 240, 241, 463, P325 Feehily, C ., 458 Fricke, V . C ., 241 El Haddad, S ., P445 Fehlberg, L . K ., 379, P270, P315, P322, P338 Friede, J . C ., 320 ElAshmawy, W ., 397 Feng, W ., 338 Frizzarini, W ., 325, P150, P260, P264 Elhadi, A ., 491 Feng, X ., P407 Frota, W ., SC128, P245 Elia, G ., 263 Ferguson, J ., 471 Fry, R . S ., 152, P400 El-Kadi, S . W ., 433, 435 Fernandes, B . M ., 454 Fujieda, T ., 375, P467, P474, P478 Ellen, E . R ., P312 Fernandes, L ., P131, P144, P276 Fuka, D ., P311 Ellett, M ., SC164 Fernandes, T ., 273 Ellis, J ., SC126 Fernandez, I ., P379 Elocoso, G ., P422 Fernandez, J . M ., S181 G Elolimy, A . A ., 499, P441 Fernandez-Turren, G ., 388 Gaba, K ., SC103 Elsaadawy, S ., 245 Ferraretto, L . F ., 322, 323, P231, P234, P235, Gaida, E . R ., P230 Elsohaby, I ., 301 P236, P394, P455 Gaignon, P ., P127 Embree, J ., 365 Ferreira, F ., 439, S139 Gallagher, K ., LB105, P261

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 124 Gallardo, W . B ., P365 Gleason, C . B ., P446, P447 Guadagnin, A . R ., 379, 457, P270, P322, Galvao, K ., P488 Glosson, K ., P384 P338 Galvão, K . N ., 147, 190, 290, 456, P119, P121 Gobikrushanth, M ., P323, P330 Guan, H ., 251 Galyon, H ., SC125, 482 Goddard, E ., P159 Guan, L . L ., 477, 480 Ganda, E ., W111 Goddard, J . M ., S156 Guan, R . W ., 291 Gandham, R . K ., P258 Godden, S ., 398, P123, S143 Guan, Y ., 292 Gandy, J ., P138 Goecker, A . D ., S181 Guatteo, R ., P127 Gänzle, M ., W102 Goeser, J . , P236, P394, W107 Guerra, S . T ., P145, P237 Gao, J ., P269 Goetz, B . M ., 134, 261, P271, P274, P443, Guerrero, L ., 485 Gao, S ., P289, P290 P448, P449 Guevara, V ., SC147 Gao, Y ., 138 Goetz, H ., 172, 186, P151, P152 Guevara-Oquendo, V ., SC121, P372, P414, Gao, Y . N ., 106, 112, 113 Goetz, H . M ., 181 P477 Gaowa, N ., P409 Goi, A ., 407 Guifarro, L ., P225, P226, P227 Garbe, J ., P169 Golder, H . M ., 140 Guimaraes, I ., P131 Garcia, A ., P364, P419 Golombeski, A ., P340, P341, P342, P345 Guimarães, J . A ., P114 Garcia, L . S ., P114, P115 Goltz, L ., P145, P237 Guimarães, J . D ., 148 Garcia, M ., P124, P437, P450 Gomes, V ., P126 Guimarães, S . E . F ., 133 Garcia, N ., P363, P364 Gomes da Silva, G ., P358, P385, P433, P435, Gunn, J ., P313 Garcia, S ., 137 P458 Guo, Z ., P289 Garcia Buitrago, J . A ., P312 Gomez, A ., 280, 281 Guo, Z . T ., P290 García-Cano, I ., SC105, SC114, 216, P181, Gomez, D ., 183, P146 Gurung, S ., LB100 P191, P192 Gómez-Cortés, P ., 483 Gusmao, J ., P379 Garcia-Guerra, A ., P135 Gomez-Leon, V ., P327 Gusmão, J . O ., 322, P234 Garcia-Roche, M ., 412, P382 Gomez-León, V ., 243 Gutierrez Oviedo, F . A ., 355 Garcia-Ruiz, A ., 308 Gonçalves, L . C ., P153 Guzman, C . N ., 253 Gardinal, R ., P462 Gonda, H ., 321 Guzman, J . L ., S131 Garrick, M ., 145, 355 Gong, Y ., 210 Gwyn, C ., P423 Garzon, A ., SC137, 403 Gonzalez, T . D ., 290 Gath, V . P ., 478 Gonzalez Hernandez, J . L . G ., 117 H Gednalske, B ., 228 Gonzalez-Ronquillo, M ., 489, 490 Haagen, I . W ., 409, P160 Geiger, A . J ., 429 Goodall, R ., 149 Habib, H . I ., 466 Gelé, M ., 428 Goodnight, H ., 355 Habing, G ., SC137, 171, 184, 185 Geng, Y ., 255, 318, 319, P373, P374, P397, Gorjanc, G ., P172 Hackel, M ., 437 P399 Goselink, R . M . A ., 139, 400 Hackmann, T ., S104 Gengler, N ., 232 Goto, A ., P474 Haeussler, S ., S119 Genther-Schroeder, O ., 248 Gott, P . N ,. 404, 405, 406 Hagevoort, G . R ., P312 George, K ., 171 Govindasamy-Lucey, S ., 208, 210 Haimon, M ., SC122 Gerard, C ., P479 Graef, G . M ., P384, P389, P390 Haisan, J ., 356 Gervais, R ., 354, 470, P354, P355, P476 Graf, B ., 418 Halde, C ., P476 Ghaffari, M . H ., 329, S119 Granados, M . J ., 173, 247 Halderson, S . J ., P472 Ghelichkhan, M ., 256, 257, 318, 319 Granados-Niño, J ., P419 Haley, D . B ., 178 Ghizzi, L . G ., 251, 322, 323, P234 Gravley, D . J ., 389 Halfen, J ., 273 Giallongo, F ., P465 Greco, L ., P344 Hall, M . B ., 476 Gilbert, A ., 363 Green, I ., P188 Hall, R ., SC165 Gilbertson, L . M ., P455 Greenwood, S ., P375 Hamilton, J ., 353 Gilmore, S ., 365 Grelet, C ., 232 Hammam, A . R ., 313, 314, P174, P218 Gimenez, A . R ., P104 Grenier, P ., P238, P281 Hammon, H . M ., 131 Gindri, M ., P377 Gressley, T ., P471 Han, L ., 224 Gingerich, K . N ., P111, P112 Griffin, M ., SC165 Hancock, D ., 422 Giordano, J ., 189, S140, S173 Grigoletto, N . T . S ., P358, P385, P433, P435, Hanigan, M . D ., SC172, 143, 245, 338, 378, Giordano, J . O ., 191, 192, 339, 349, 350, P458 389, P259, P383, S109, S110, S178, S186 P134 Grille, L ., P282, P284 Hanling, H . H ., 431 Girard, C ., SC126 Grilli, E ., 434, P457 Hann, S ., 353 Girard, C . L ., P428 Grillo, G ., P327 Hannah, M ., 137, 146 Giromini, C ., 493, 494 Grillo, G . F ., 243 Hansen, B ., P343 Giron, J . P ., 284 Griswold, K . E ., 152, P400, P420 Hansen, H . H ., 368 Giugge, E ., P229 Gross, J . J ., 219, P251, P254, P262, S159 Hansen, K ., 223 Giuliodori, M ., P380 Gu, F . F ., 381 Hansen, L ., S183 Glauser, D . L ., 219

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 125 Hansen, L . B ., S147 HogenEsch, H ., 424 J Hansen, P ., P169 Hogeveen, H ., 102, 139 Hansen, P . J ., SC122 Hollander, C . J ., S127 Jaafar, M ., 295 Hansen, S ., 248 Hollis, M ., P301 Jackson, J ., 275 Hansen, T . L ., 443 Holly, M ., 441 Jacobs, A ., P465 Hao, G ., P379 Honan, M ., P375 Jacobsen, L . A ., P142 Hardie, L . C ., 198, 409, 410, P160 Hood, W . R ., 127 Jacoby, S ., 151 Hardin, K . D ., P255, P257 Hooda, A ., 312 Jaeggi, J ., 208, 210 Hare, K ., 356 Hopfer, H ., P211, S153 Jafarikia, M ., 299 Hare, K . S ., S132 Horback, K ., 278 Janssen, H . P ., P145, P230, P237, P462 Harrand, A . S ., P201 Horst, E . A ., P132, P420, P426, P429, P443, Jantzi, A ., 150 Harris, B ., S148 P449 Jardon, P . W ., 500 Harris, T ., P413, P417 Horst, J . A ., P133 Jasinsky, A ., P382 Harrison, E ., SC164 Hou, P ., 126, 128 Jason, V . Y ., 190 Harrod, M . K ., 433, 435 Houlahan, K ., 109 Javaid, A ., 246, 434, P355 Harte, F ., 309, 414 Hovingh, E ., SC169, SC170, 353, P113 Javed, K ., P288 Hartinger, T ., P421 Hristov, A . N ., 384, 451, P296, P431, P468, Jego, G ., P238, P281 Haruno, A ., 375, P467, P474 W110, W117, W119 Jencarelli, K ., P220, P221 Harvatine, K ., 149, 159, 265, 270, 371, 372, Hruby, A . C ., SC172, 378, 389, P259, S109, Jenkins, S ., P243 P304, P360, P392 S110 Jenkins, T . C ., P453 Hashim, M . A ., P210 Hsieh, F ., 278 Jenkins, V ., 321 Hassan, M ., 466 Hu, H ., P273 Jensen, L . M ., SC122 Hassanat, F ., P387, P401 Hu, Q ., 487, 492 Jeon, S . J ., P121 Hatungimana, E ., P244, P246, P247 Huang, S . N ., 112 Jeong, K . C ., P121 Haughey, N . J ., P354 Huang, X ., 138, 383, P432, P466 Jeronymo, N ., P335, P346 Hayakawa, H ., P474 Hubner, A ., 455, P308, P309, P314, P326 Jerred, M ., P465 Hayes, C . A ., 274, P120 Huiying, L ., 110, 111 Jha, S ., SC109, 338 Hayes, J ., P211 Humphrey, B ., P124, P437, P450 Jiang, J ., 203, 204, P169, P171 Hayes, M ., 275, P100 Hung, H . H ., 104 Jiang, L . Y ., 291, 381 Heins, B . J ., 101, 108, 198, 295, 297, 399, Huo, Q ., 104, P319, P488 Jiang, N ., 427 409, 410, 444, P160, S134 Huppertz, T ., LB101, S155 Jiang, Q ., 436, 438, P434 Heinzen, C ., P379 Hurley, D . J ., 355 Jiang, Y ., P194, P437, P450 Heinzen Jr ., C ., 322, 323, P231, P234, P235 Husnain, A ., 456 Jiaqi, W ., 110, 111, P410 Heirbaut, S ., 459 Huson, H ., 295 Jiménez-Flores, R ., SC105, SC114, SC171, Held, R ., 391 Hutchison, J . L ., 196 216, 218, P181, P191, P192, P215 Heldt, J ., P451 Hyland, E ., 300 Jin, C ., 165 Hélie, P ., 488 Jindo, M ., P268 Jiranantasak, T ., P452 Hely, F ., S151 I Henao-Beltrán, J . S ., 335 Johnson, J ., 446, P183, P196, P197 Hennessy, M ., 259, 471, W119 Ibraheem, M ., 244 Johnson, J . S ., 262 Henningsen, G ., S130 Ibrahium, A ., P180 Johnson, M ., 210, S100, S180 Henschel, S ., 132 Ichinomiya, A ., P190 Johnson, M . E ., 208 Hernandez, J . G ., SC111 Idowu, M . D ., SC149 Johnson, M . L ., SC144, P455 Hernandez, L ., SC135, 123, 130, 132, 140, Imabayashi, T ., P136 Johnson, S ., SC163 P150, P264, P266 Imada, J ., 293 Johnston, J ., P451 Hernandez, L . L ., 325, P260 Inberg, P . H . J ., 170 Jolly-Breithaupt, M . L ., P398 Hernández Castellano, L . E ., 207, 373, 374 Indugu, N ., 259, 471, W119 Jones, K . L ., P121 Hernandez Franco, J . R ., 424 Inouchi, K ., P348 Jordan, J . A ., 433 Hernández-Becerra, J . A ., 207 Inukai, A ., P268 Jorgensen, M . W ., 262 Herrera, R . G ., 484 Invernizzi, G ., 493, 494 Jubert, A ., P128 Heuwieser, W ., 327, 351, P321, S164 Ioannou, M ., W105 Julien, C ., 486, 488 Hikita, C ., P443, P453 Iorio, J . D ., P380 Junior, P . M ., P264 Hilger, S ., P381, P460 Ipharraguerre, I . R ., LB102 Hill, J ., P404 Iqbal, V ., P164 K Irshaid, R ., P297 Hillis, K ., SC153 Kalantari, A ., P148 Hinrichs, J ., 415, 418 Isobe, N ., P268 Izhaki, I ., 393 Kalita, R ., SC110, P216 Hisadomi, S ., 375, P467 Kalscheur, K . F ., SC148, 320, 380, 430, P267, Höbartner-Gußl, A ., P421 P391, P472 Hofstetter, U ., 404, 405, 406 Kamau, K ., P304

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 126 Kamel, D . G ., 313, 314 Koeck, A ., 232 Lara, L ., P172 Karisch, B . B ., 100 Kohlman, T ., P101 Lardner, H ., SC121 Karle, B . M ., 177, P285 Kok, A ., 139, 400, P106 Lardner, H . (B .), P372, P477 Karrow, N . A ., 413 Kolar, Q . K ., 398 Laroche, J .-P ., P476 Kaur, S ., LB101 Koltes, J ., SC173, 150, 249, 298, 302, 303 Larrauri, M ., P292 Kavazis, A . N ., 127 Konda, K ., P268 Larsen, L . R ., SC131, P256 Kawashima, C ., P474 Konetchy, D ., SC120, 157, 158, P486 Larsen, M ., 164, 373, 374 Kawashima, K ., P268 Kononoff, P. J ., 357, 377, P398, P404, P412, Larson, C . C ., SC122 Kawecki, G ., SC172 W108 Larson, H ., P445 Kaya, C . A ., P480 Koontz, A . F ., P385 Lascano, G . J ., P453 Kaylegian, K . E ., SC152 Korf, I ., 129 Latham, E . A ., P373, P374 Kebreab, E ., 442, W118 Kosmerl, E ., SC114, P191 Lattanzi, F . A ., P242 Keefe, G ., 301 Kra, G ., P265, P277, P278 Lauber, M . R ., 238, 242, 352, P294 Keefer, H . R . M ., SC115, SC118, S135 Kraft, J ., P139 Lawlor, T ., 206 Kelley, T ., P140 Kraus, B ., SC111, 117 Lawlor, T . J ., 201 Kelly, A . L ., 212, 213 Krawczel, P ., 392, P111 Lawton, M ., P182 Kelton, D ., 180, 181, 186, 231, 283, 293, 300, Krentz, A ., SC105, P191 Lawton, M . R ., P220, P221 401, P109, P152 Krishnan, P ., 316 Le Provost, F ., 428 Kemp, B ., 139, 400 Kristula, M ., 259 Leal, L . N ., S132 Kenez, A ., 354 Krogstad, K . C ., P418 Lean, I ., SC142, 140 Kennedy, K . M ., 131 Kuehnl, J ., SC148, 123, 132, 380, P267 Leão, G . F . M ., P145, P230, P237, P295 Kephart, R ., S124 Kuhla, B ., 131 Leão, I . M . R ., 240, 241, 463, P325 Kerckhove, A . V . D ., P479 Kühn, C ., 129 Leatham, D ., P189 Kerns, B . K ., 469 Kulozik, U ., 119 LeBlanc, S . J ., 140, 178, 180, 181, 231, 460, Kerry, J . P ., 120 Kumar, R ., P176 P328, P329 Kersten, S ., 223 Kumar, S ., P258 Leblois, J ., 232 Kerwin, A ., P384 Kurt, T ., W121 Leclerc, H ., P423 Kerwin, A . L ., P389, P390 Kusaba, N ., P474 Leduc, A ., 428 Kesselring, J ., 321 Kushibiki, S ., P268 Lee, C ., SC124, SC139, 367, 376, P395, P396, Kessler, E . C ., P251, P262 Kvidera, S . K ., 152, 244, P400, P420, P426, P406, P415 Keunen, A ., P350 P429, P449 Lee, K ., P406 Keunen, A . J ., 174 Lee, S ., 251 Keunen, B ., P350 L Lee, S . S ., P239 Keuter, E . M ., S174 Lefevre, M ., P184 Khakimov, B ., 368 Laarman, A . H ., SC120, 157, 158, S133 Lehenbauer, T ., 177, 233, 397 Khanal, P ., 303, 452 Labrie, S ., SC146 Lei, X ., 165 Khayatzadeh, N ., 232 Lacasse, P ., SC141, 432 Lei, X . J ., 161 Khosa, N ., 343 Lacerda, V ., 145 Leiter, I ., 223 Khushvakov, J ., 368 Lacroix, R ., 235, 346, P208, P313 Lemay, D ., 129 Kieferle, I ., 119 Lage, C ., 130, 451, P296, P431 Leme da Cunha, I . A ., P482 Kihal, A ., 250, P469, P470, P475, P483 Lage, C . F . A ., 229, 384, P468 Lemesle, A ., P416 Kilcawley, K . N ., 120 Lago, A ., 359, 365, P413, P417 Lengi, A ., SC164, 431 Killinger, M ., P421 Lago-Novais, D ., P252 Leonard, I ., SC164 Kim, J . J . M ., P478 Laguna, J ., P261, P381 Leroux, C ., P252, P253 King, L . E ., P457 Lai, E ., P173 Leslie, K . E ., 423 Kirkland, R ., 162 Lakritz, J ., P135 Letelier, P ., 387, P481 Kirkpatrick, B . W ., P166 Lalonde, C ., P139 Létourneau-Montminy, M .-P ., 154, P436 Kiser, J . N ., S174 Lam, T . J . G . M ., 400 Lett, B . M ., P166 Kiser, M ., 371 Lan, W ., 126 Leung, Y . H ., 354 Kistemaker, G ., P159 Lana, A . M . Q ., P153 Lévesque, J ., 486, 488 Klanderman, K . D ., P244 Landi, V ., P300 Levin, Y ., P278 Kleinman, P ., 441 Lange, M . J ., 256, 257 Leytem, A ., 441 Kleinschmit, D . H ., P389, P390 Langford, C ., SC161 Li, B ., 212 Kloboves, M ., 369 Lanna, D . P . D ., P456 Li, C ., P165 Kloboves, M . E ., 266 Lapierre, H ., 354, 373, 374, P387, P401, Li, H . Y ., 114, 115 Klopp, R . N ., 262, 424, 425 P428, P476 Li, J ., W118 Knapp, J . R ., P411, P442, P454 Laplacette, A . L ., 189, 191, 349, P134, S140 Li, M ., 125 Knauer, W ., 279, 394 Laporta, J ., SC135, SC143, 290, 333, 334, Li, S ., P353, P409 Kocvarová, R ., P265 429, S117 Li, W ., 123, 430, P379

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 127 Li, X ., 467 Lucey, J ., SC106, SC112, 208, 210, S103 Marins, T . N ., 145, 355, P269 Li, Y ., P130 Lucey, P . M ., SC142 Marques, C ., 250, P470 Li, Z . J ., 161 Luchini, D ., 436, 438, 457 Marquès, C ., P128 Liang, Y ., 326, 499, P272, P434 Luchterhand, K ., 363, 390 Marrero, J . C ., P242 Liang, Z ., 165, P167, P168, P169, P170, P171 Luddy, R . E ., P463, P464 Marrero, M . G ., 290 Lietaer, L ., 459 Luo, J ., 487, 492 Martin, A ., SC165, 194 Lifshitz, L ., 151, P277 Luo, S ., P193 Martin, M ., SC173 Lima, F . S ., 190, 328, 455, P308, P309, P314, Luque, L . M ., P292 Martin, M . J ., P116, P430 P326 Lyman, H ., 129 Martin, N ., P201, S129 Lima, P . G . L ., 173, 247 Lynch, C ., 300, P156, P161 Martin, N . H ., P202, P203, S154 Lin, G ., 487, 492 Lynch, E ., P394 Martin, P ., P252 Lindner, E . E ., P111, P112 Lynch, M . B ., 445, 478 Martin III, J . G ., SC128, P245 Linlin, F ., 110, 111 Lyne, J ., 212 Martinez, M ., SC170, 353 Liou, M ., 226 Martinez, O ., P427 Lipkin, E ., P158 M Martinez, R ., 328 Lippens, L ., 254 Martínez, B ., P198, P199 Ma, J ., 260, 400, P106 Lippolis, J . D ., P123 Martinez del Olmo, D ., P471 Ma, L ., 203, 204, 467, 479, P164, P165, P169, Lissemore, K . D ., 168 Martinez-Cortés, I ., 499 P171, P289, P290, P368, P370 Liu, G ., 307, P165 Martínez-López, B ., 187 Ma, Y ., P109 Liu, H ., 128, 145, P130, P298 Martinez-Monteagudo, S . I ., SC102, 315, Machado, A . F ., P291 Liu, H . M ., 116 317 Machado, A . T ., P114 Liu, H . Y ., 126, 381 Martino, C ., 365 Machado, F . S ., P307 Liu, J ., 427, P130 Martins, G . M ., P482 Machado, G . S ., 177 Liu, J . X ., 126, 220, 234, 291, 366, 381, 477, Martins, J . P . N ., 238, 240, 241, 463, P325 Machado, P ., P222 480 Martín-Tereso, J ., 254, 385 Machado, V . S ., 105, 190, 399, P131, P144, Liu, L ., P368 Marubashi, T ., P136 P276, P314 Liu, M ., 339 Marufuzzaman, M ., P287 Machiela, M ., SC168 Liu, S ., 260 Marxuach, J ., P128 Madureira, A ., 194, P321 Liu, X ., P192 Masia, F . M ., SC145 Madureira, A . M . L ., P317, S164 Liu, Z ., 155 Masía, F . M ., P292 Madureira, G ., 243, P327 Liuzzi, G . M ., 263 Massender, E ., 299 Magalhaes, M ., 130 Livernois, A ., P125 Mastro, L ., S124 Maggard, H . L ., P386 Lobo, R . R ., SC123, SC144, P405, P452, P455 Masuda, Y ., 200, 201, 206 Maggiolino, A ., P300 Lobos, N . E ., P461 Matamoros, C ., 270, 372, P360, P392 Magsi, S . H ., 343, 447 Lock, A . L ., SC168, 264, 266, 267, 268, 284, Mateescu, R . G ., 334 Maia Parente, M . O ., P482 369, 370, P359, P361, P362, P371 Mateos, J ., P471 Maignel, L ., 299 Locke, S ., 171 Mathew, D ., 461 Maina, T . W ., 107 Lonergan, P ., 458, P310 Mathew, D . J ., 465 Malacco, V . M . R ., P460 Longenecker, Y . M ., SC152 Matson, R . D ., 230, 286 Malchiodi, F ., 193, 304 Loor, J . J ., 326, 329, 436, 438, 499, P272, Matthaei, M . O ., 223 Malcomson, H ., P143 P434, P441 Mattice, H ., SC170 Mallard, B ., P125 Lopes, E . A . C ., 135 Mayes, M . S ., 150 Mallikarjunan, K . P ., SC104 Lopes, F ., P456 Mayo, L . M ., 464 Mallo, J . J ., P367, P422 Lopes, L . S . F ., 448 Mayorga, E . J ., 134, P271, P274, P443, P448, Maltecca, C ., P169 Lopes, R ., P413, P417 P449 Mamedova, L . K ., 152, P400 Lopes, R . B ., P339 Mayta-Apaza, A . C ., P181 Man, C ., P194 López-Calderón, M ., P419 Mazon, G ., SC155, SC161, SC165, 275, P100 Mann, B ., 312 López-Colón, J . D ., P249, P250 McArt, J ., SC133, 188 Mann, S ., LB104, S122 Lopez-Gonzalez, F ., 160 McCabe, C ., P460 Manriquez, D ., P129, P149 Lopreiato, V ., 326, 329, 499 McCabe, C . J ., 221, 330 Manuelian, C . L ., P209 Lott, T . T ., P201, S154 McCalmon, A ., SC166 Marceau, A ., P165 Lourenco, D ., 200, 201, 202, 206, 296 McCarthy, K . M ., 478 Marchant-Forde, J ., S169 Lourenco, J . M ., P443, P448 McCarthy, M ., P451 Marco, M ., W100 Lourenço, J . C . S ., P462 McCarthy, M . B ., 213 Marcondes, M . I ., 133, 135, 148, 230, 450, Loveday, S ., S138 McCarthy, M . M ., P426, P429 P279, P291, P293, P461 Lowe, M . D ., 177 McCary, C . L ., 322, P231, P234 Marenchino, I . F ., 251, 253 Loyola-Jiménez, J ., 335 McClure, J . T ., 180, 181, 301 Marett, L ., 137 Lu, J ., 292 McDonald, M ., 478 Marinho, M . N ., SC144 Lucas, K . M ., 298 McDonald, P . O ., 107

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 128 McDonnell, C ., 445 Miller-Cushon, E . K ., P104, P110, P111, P112 Moreira, D . E ., P230 McFadden, J . W ., 246, 269, 434, P275, P354, Mills, M . N ., P455 Moreira, M . B ., 182 P355, P356 Miltenburg, C ., 167 Moreland, S . C ., P244 McFadden, T . B ., P139, W114 Minela, T ., 239 Moreno, J ., 446 McFarland, E . D ., 301 Minj, S ., SC111 Morota, G ., 143 McFarlane, W ., 282, 283 Minuti, A ., 329 Morris, D . L ., 357, 377, P398, P466 McGill, J . L ., 107 Miron, J ., 151 Morrison, A . P ., 213 McGilliard, M . L ., 431 Mirzaei, A ., P488 Morrison, E . I ., 460, P328, P329 McGuire, M . A ., P140 Mishra, A ., P218 Morrison, J ., P151 McGuire, M . K ., P140 Mistry, V ., P190 Mosca, F . P ., 189, 399 McKechnie, M ., P125 Misztal, I ., 200, 201, 202, 206, S149 Moser, D ., S151 McKinnon, J . J ., P414 Mitchell, K ., P420 Mosley, Y .-Y ., P148 McLean, D ., P384 Mitchell, K . M ., P386 Mostoller, K . E ., P140 McMahon, D . J ., 118, 211, 214, 215, 310, Mitchell, K .E ., P396 Mould, G ., P301 P184, P185, P186, P187, P188, P189 Mitloehner, F ., W116 Moura, M . O ., P248, P378 McMullen, C . K ., 401 Miura, M ,. P474 Mousikos, P ., W105 McNeil, B . K ., LB102, 174 Mjoun, K ., 280, 281 Mu, L ., 251, 253, P379 McSweeney, P ., S101 Moallem, U ., 151, P265, P277, P278 Muck, R . E ., 364 McSweeney, P . L . H ., 212 Mobuchon, L ., P252 Mueller, F ., P479 McVey, C ., 278 Mohamed, H . N . T ., 313 Mueller, I ., 321 McWilliams, C . J ., SC167 Mohan, R ., 280, 281 Mulakala, B ., P375 Medina, M ., P233 Mohanty, A . K ., P258 Mulder, H ., S142 Médina, B ., 154, P436 Molano, R . A ., S160 Mulligan, F ., 481 Medrano-Galarza, C ., 178 Molenaar, A ., 129 Mulligan, F . J ., 144, 445, 478 Meierjurgen, A . A ., P230 Molina, M . G ., SC145 Muniz, M . M . M ., 413 Mein, G . A ., 124 Moll, J ., 219 Muñoz, G ., P233 Mejias, L ., P186 Mondaca, M . R ., P102 Muñoz, L . E ., P403 Melendez, P ., 411, P148 Mondoza, C ., LB100 Munsterman, A ., P273 Melendrez-Alvarez, R . D ., P181 Monge, J . L ., P229, P283 Muradova, M ., P210 Melgar, A ., 384, 451, P296, W119 Monney, C ., P254 Muratori, T ., P158 Mellado, M ., P352 Monteagudo, S ., 316 Murayama, K ., P268, P348 Mello, M ., P327 Monteagudo, S . I . M ., P213 Murphy, C ., P163 Méndez, M . N ., P282, P284 Monteiro, H ., SC144 Murphy, S . I ., S154 Mendoza, A ., 412 Monteiro, H . F ., SC132, 364, 473, P405, P455 Murugesan, G . R ., 150, 261, 404, 405, 406 Meng, L ., 116 Monteiro, P . L ., 243 Mustafa, H ., 343 Menichetti, B . T ., P117, P135, P316 Monteiro, P . L . J ., 325, P260 Mutsvangwa, T ., 286 Menta, P ., P314 Montenegro, H ., P344 Myers, J . S ., SC113 Menta, P . R ., 105, P131, P144, P276 Montenegro, L ., P233 Myers, M . N ., SC138 Merchan, D ., P135 Monterio, H . F ., SC123 Myers, W . A ., 246, P355, P356 Merenda, V . R ., SC128, P245 Montevecchio, A . B ., SC128, P245, P317 Mertens, D . R ., P444 Montgomery, P . D ., 275 N Meselu, M . T ., 479, P370 Moon, J . O ., P468 Messman, M ., P393, P424 Moorby, J . M ., P337 Nadotchii, L . A ., P210 Metcalf, J ., SC126 Moore, A . L ., S164 Naikare, H ., P148 Metcalf, J . A ., 475 Moore, C ., P413, P417 Nakagawa, K ., P478 Metz, T . O ., P140 Moore, S ,. P267 Nakamura, N ., P268 Metzger, L . E ., P174, P218 Moore, S . A . E ., P472 Nakamura, R . P ., SC115 Meunier-Goddik, L ., P196 Moore, S . G ., 458, S166 Nakayasu, E . S ., P140 Meyer, D ., P236 Moorey, S ., 461 Nan, Z ., 110, 111, P410 Meyer, E ., 459 Moraes, G . F ., 454 Nani, J . P ., 205 Meyer, U ., 223 Moraes, J . G . N ., S174 Narayana, S . G ., 306 Meza-Correa, N ., P149 Moraes, L . E ., SC131, P256 Nauth, R ., P190 Miao, C ., 234 Moraes, N . L ., 103 Navarro, R . B ., P126 Miao, M . C ., 381 Morais Jr, N . N ., P336 Nave, R ., SC151 Miccoli, F ., 483, 485 Morales, A . G ., P383 Neave, H . W ., 420, P118 Michael, M ., P200, P204, P205, P206, P207 Morales, M ., P413, P417 Negreiro, A . N ., SC168, 267 Michelotti, T . C ., 176, 272, 273, 288 Morales-Almaraz, E ., 160 Negro, G ., 173, 247 Miglior, F ., 109, 306, P156, P161 Morales-Piñeyrúa, J . T ., P115 Negron-Perez, V . M ., 435 Miller, S . P ., S151 Moraru, C . I ., 416 Neibergs, H . L ., S174

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 129 Nelson, C . D ., 173, 247, 290, 362, 408 Okimura, T ., P268 Palma, F ., P433 Nelson, E ., 167 Olazábal, L ., P282, P284 Palma, L ., P283 Nemes-Navon, N ., P277, P278 Oliveira, A ., 360 Palmeira, M ., P462 Nemirovski, A ., P265 Oliveira, C ., P435 Pandey, P ., 403 Neto, G . B ., 122 Oliveira, D . A . B ., 130 Pang, D ., 440 Netto, A . S ., P131 Oliveira, E . B ., 190 Papademas, P ., W105 Neufeldt, C . D ., P145, P230 Oliveira, H ., P156 Papinchak, L ., 271, P107 Neuheuser, A .-L ., 219 Oliveira, H . R ., 299, 448, P157 Pappalardo, C ., 471 Neupane, M ., 196, S174 Oliveira, J ., 213 Parales-Giron, J ., 370 Neves, R . C ., 262 Oliveira, L . E ., P365 Parente, H . N ., P482 Neville, E . W ., 144 Oliveira, M . X . S ., 100 Park, A ., P479 Neville, O ., 481 Oliveira, R . G ., P237 Park, J . S ., P468 Newberne, H . M ., 433, 435 Oliveira, V . A ., P222 Park, T ., P396, P420 Newbold, J ., 162 Oliveira Junior, G ., 109, 301, P157, P172 Park, Y . W ., 209, P178, P179 Newkirk, R ., SC147 Oliver, M . A ., 461, 465 Parker Gaddis, K . L ., 302, 303 Ng, K .-H ., 162 Oliviera, H . R ., P161 Parrish, J . J ., 242 Nichols, K ., 254, 382, 385, S185 Ollivett, T ., P101 Parsons, C ., SC164, P255, P257 Nicolazzi, E ., 200 Olmeda, M . F ., P380 Parsons, S . D ., 423 Nicora, C . D ., P140 Olver, D . R ., SC152, SC158 Parys, C ., 499 Niesen, A . M ., 426, P137, P142 Ominski, K ., 386 Pascottini, O ., 292, 459, S118 Nieto, K . A ., P198, P199 Ong, W .-L ., 162 Pasha, T . N ., P288 Nilforooshan, M ., S148 Onjai-uea, N ., 438 Paswan, R ., 209, P178, P179 Nino De Guzman, C ., 251 Opgenorth, J ., 134, P271, P274, P448 Pate, R . T ., 436, 438 Nin-Velez, A ., SC150 Opsomer, G ., 292, 459 Patel, K ., P413, P417 Nishimura, K ., P268 Opsomer, G . R ., S118 Pattamanont, P ., 236 Nochi, T ., P136 Ordaz-Puga, S ., P384 Patton, L ., 394 Norby, B ., 237 Orellana Rivas, R . M ., 145 Paudyal, S ., P107 Nordlund, K ., P133 Orsel, K ., 286, 306 Paula, E . M ., 364 Novo, L . C ., 411 Orso, C ., P333 Pawlowski, K ., P252, P253 Noyes, N . R ., 399, P144 Ortega-Anaya, J ., SC105, SC114, SC171, 218, Payant, C ., P238, P281 Null, D .J ., 199 P181, P215 Paz, A ., 273 Nunes, A . T ., P358, P385, P433, P435, P458 Ortiz-Colón, G ., 335 Paz, H . A ., 153 Nygaard, M ., S137 Osawa, R ., P268 Pech-Cervantes, A . A ., SC149, 360 Nylund, R ., 321 Osborne, V . R ., P108 Pedersen, N . C ., 368 Osei, B ., P122 Pedraza, M . B ., P292 O Osorio, J . S ., 176, 272, 273, 280, 281, 288, Peiren, N ., 163, 419 P456 Peiren, V ., 419 O’Connell, J . R ., 203, 204 Ospina, K ., P201 Peiter, M ., 227, 228 O’Connor, A . H ., 102 Otomo, N ., P136 Peixoto, P . M ., 455, P308, P309, P314, P326, O’Sullivan, M . G ., 120 Ott, T ., P158 P484, P485 Oba, M ., 356, 375, P305, P323, P324, P330, Ouellet, D . R ., 354, P387, P401, P476 Pellerin, D ., P281 P366, P467 Ouellet, V ., SC135, 333, P238, P281 Pempek, J ., 171 Oberbauer, A . M ., P173 Ousterhout, P ., 336 Pena, G ., 328 Oberg, C ., 211, P184, P185, P186, P187, Overbeck, S . L ., P184 Peña, O . M ., 324, P453 P188, P189 Overton, T ., P384, S145 Peñagaricano, F ., SC140, SC173, 195, 197, Oberg, T ., P187, P189 Overton, T . R ., P389, P390 302, 303, 408, 411 Oberg, T . S ., 118, P184 Oyebade, A ., 251, 252, P379, P408 Pena-Mosca, F ., 191, P134 Oborsky, M ., P282, P284 Ozoluko, B ., P465 Peña-Ramos, A ., P232 Ochoa-Flores, A . A ., 207 Penasa, M ., 407 Oconitrillo, M . J ., 249, 261 P Peng, W . C ., 366 Oden, K ., 129 Penner, G . B ., 276, 277, 286 Odle, J ., P303, P376 Pacheco, H . A ., 197, 408 Penry, J . F ., 124 Oetzel, G ., 287 Pacheco, L . M ., 251 Peralta, C ., P283 Oevermann, A ., P254 Padilla, L ., P438 Peralta, E ., P318 Ogliari, K ., P378 Page, R ., P195 Perdomo, C . M ., 488 Ogunade, I ., 252, P408 Paiva, C . A . V ., P307 Pereira, D . C ., P318 Ogunade, I . M ., SC149, 360 Paiva, D ., P131, P144 Pereira, G . M ., 297 Oie, H ., P474 Pajor, E . A ., 286 Pereira, J . M . V ., 187, 450 Okello, E ., 233, 397 Palladino, R . A ., 485, P351, P380 Pereira, L . G . R ., 130, P153, P307

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 130 Pereira, R ., SC137, 403 Prakapenka, D ., P167, P168, P169, P170, Rauch, R ., 254, 385 Pereira, R . V ., 190 P171 Rauh, V ., SC108 Perera, M . A ., P480 Pralle, R ., 287, 497 Rauton, A ., SC157 Perez, B ., P172 Pranata, J ., SC107 Ravelo, A ., SC144, 473, P405, P455 Perez, M . M ., 191, 192, 339, 350, P134, S140 Precht, K ., 233 Ravelo, A . D ., SC123, SC132 Perez Marquez, H . J ., 348 Prestegaard, J . M ., 378, 389, P383 Rebelo, L ., P395 Perez-Hernandez, G ., P255, P257 Preveraud, D . P ., 469 Rebelo, L . R ., SC139, 367, 376 Perez-Rebolloso, E ., P352 Price, N ., 255 Reed, K . F ., 443, 453, S105, S106 Pérez-Rosario, N . K ., P249, P250 Price, W ., P486 Reed, R . S ., P411 Peterson, C ., P461 Prim, J ., P488 Reedman, C ., 282 Peterson, E . L ., P140 Prim, J . G ., 290, P119 Reedman, C . N ., 168 Peterson, H . K ., P140 Prince, J ., 235 Refat, B ., SC121, P372 Peterson, K ., 461 Prockora, A ., P210 Regalin, D ., P378 Peterson, K . D ., 465 Prom, C . M ., 268, P371 Rehage, J ., 223 Pettigrew, J ., P385 Proudfoot, K ., 171, 172, 184, 185, 392 Rehberger, T . G ., P154 Petzel, E ., P459 Pszczolkowski, V ., P273 Reibman, A . R ., P298 Phillips, H ., 101 Puerto, M . A ., 289 Reichler, S . J ., P202, P203 Piantoni, P ., P393, P424, P445 Puga, S . O ., P389, P390 Reinemann, D ., 225, 226 Piccardi, M . B ., SC145 Pupo, M . R ., 322, 323, P234, P235 Reinemann, D . J ., 124 Pierce, K . M ., 445, 478 Pursley, J ., 239 Reis, M . E ., P336, P344 Pierce, R ., 159 Putman, A ., SC136 Reis, S . S ., P482 Pighetti, G ., P143, W113 Putman, C ., SC154 Reisinger, N ., 437, P274 Piña-Gutiérrez, J . M ., 207 Puyalto, M ., P367, P422 Relling, A ., P369 Pineda, A ., P315 Python, Y ., P416 Ren, Y . F ., 126 Pinedo, P ., 278, 411, P105, P129, P148, P149 Renaud, D ., 167, 171, 172, 174, 178, 179, Pinedo, P . J ., 399 Q 180, 181, 183, 184, 185, 186, 282, 283, Piñeiro, J ., P107 423, 460, P109, P146, P151, P152, P328, Qi, Z ., P269 Piñeiro, J . M ., 105, 439, P117 P329, P350 Qianqian, Y ., 110, 111 Piñeiro-Vázquez, A ., 484 Rendon, C . J ., SC138, 285 Quanz, S . T ., 152, P400 Pinloche, E ., 469 Rennó, F . P ., P358, P385, P435, P458 Queiroz, O . C . M ., 294 Pintens, D . A ., 320 Retallick, K ., S151 Quigley, C ., 255 Pires, J ., 428, P253 Reuscher, K . J ., P102, P103 Quijano, C ., 412 Pister, M . L ., 274, P120 Reyes, D . C ., 255, 319, P240, P373, P374, Quinlan, S ., 365 Pistol, G . C ., P251 P397, P399 Quintero Rodriguez, L . E ., P380 Pitta, D ., 259, 471, W119 Reyes-Gonzalez, A ., P232 Quinton, C ., S151 Pizarro, D ., S182 Reynolds, E ., S148 Pizarro, D . M ., P241 Rezamand, P ., SC120, 104, 157, 158, P319 Plaizier, J . C ., 386 R Rezende, J . P . A ., P222 Plastow, G ., 480 Racette, C . M ., SC119, S135 Rhoads, M . L ., 433, 435 Plata-Perez, G ., 160 Raffrenato, E ., 258 Rhoads, R . P ., 433, 435 Plazas, L . G ., P403 Raghunath, S ., SC104 Riak, A ., P211, S153 Plenio, J .-L ., P321 Ragues, J ., P422 Rial, C ., 189, 191, 192, 349, P134, S140 Pocher, M ., P127 Rahman, K . M . S ., P452 Ribas, E . M ., P145, P230, P237 Pocrnic, I ., P172 Räisänen, S ., 451, P296, P431 Ribas, J . S ., P237 Poczynek, M ., P145, P295, P456 Räisänen, S . E ., 384, P468 Ribeiro, D . R ., P456 Pohler, K . G ., P320 Rajesh, I ., P330 Ribeiro, E . S ., 460, P328, P329, P484, P485 Poindexter, M . B ., 173, 247, 408 Ralyea, R . D ., P201 Ribeiro, L ., 455, P308, P309, P314, P350 Poldervaart, S . R ., P425 Ramesh, M ., P298 Ribeiro, T . L ., P144 Pomport, PH, P416 Ramirez, B . V ., 490 Ribeiro-Filho, C ., 331 Poncheki, J . K ., P133 Ramirez, S ., 150, 406 Ricaud, J .-P ., 471 Poole, D . H ., P303, P376 Ramirez, S . M ., 261, 404, 405 Ricci, R . Y . L ., P334, P335, P336 Poppe, M ., S142 Ramirez-Ramirez, H . A ., P457 Richards, A . T ., 262, 336 Poppenga, R ., 403 Ramos, D . C ., 173, 247, 362 Rico, D . E ., 154, 354, 358, 470, P436, S187 Porter, W . C ., P376 Ramos-Gerena, A . D ., P249, P250 Rico, J . E ., 358, P275, P354, P355, P356 Portillo-Salgado, R ., 484 Ranaweera, H ., 316 Rienesl, L ., 232 Potocnik, K ., W103 Rashid, M . A ., 447, P288 Riesgaard, B ., P197 Pouliot, Y ., SC146 Rathnakumar, K ., SC102, 317, P213 Righi, F ., 388 Powel, D ., 306 Rathod, G ., SC101, P176, P212 Rijnkels, M ., 129 Ring, S ., P163

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 131 Rios, E . F ., P239 Ruegg, P . L ., 237, 395, 398, P138, S146 Santos, K . R ., P385 Risden, C . J ., P230 Ruelle, E ., 102 Santos, R . M ., 454 Ritt, L . A ., P333 Ruiz, D ., 359 Santschi, D . E ., 230, 235, 286, P208, P313 Rius, A . G ., SC151 Ruiz, J ., P403 Saraceni, J ., 167 Rivera Flores, V . K ., P219 Ruíz López, F . J ., P162 Sargeant, J . M ., 401 Roberts, R ., P211 Ruiz-Cortés, E ., 335 Sarlo Davila, K . M ., 334 Robinson, F ., S180 Ruiz-González, A ., 354, 470 Sarmikasoglou, E ., SC123, SC144, 473, P405, Robison, C ., P138 Ruiz-Lopez, F . J ., 308 P452, P455 Robles Jimenez, L . E ., 489, 490 Runin, M ., 285 Sartori, L . C ., 243 Rocha-Mendoza, D ., P191, P192 Rush, C ., P196, P197 Sartori, R ., 240, 243, P327 Roche, S ., 169, 293 Russell, E . R ., P306 Sato, H ., P136 Roche, S . M ., 184, 185 Russi, J . P ., P369 Sauerwein, H ., S119 Rodrigues, A . A ., P482 Russo, V ., 137, 146 Savage, M ., P460 Rodrigues, J . P . P ., P153 Ryan, C ., P384 Savoini, G ., 493, 494 Rodrigues, M . C ., P248 Ryan, C . M ., P389, P390 Sawyer, D ., P394 Rodrigues, M . X ., 434 Ryan, N . J ., 445 Sayers, R ., 102 Rodrigues, R ., P393 Ryman, V ., SC127 Saylor, B . A ., 323, P231, P394 Rodriguez, L ., P132 Schaefer, A . L ., 348 Rodriguez, M ., P395, P406 S Schaefer, J ., 418 Rodriguez, Z ., 103, 189 Schalich, K ., LB100 Saatchi, M ., 298 Rodríguez, M ., SC147 Schatzmayr, D ., P421 Sabillón, L ., P198 Rodríguez, V ., P282, P284 Schenkel, F ., 109, 194, 299, 306, 413, 448, Sacramento, J . P ., 255, 319, P240, P307, Rodríguez-Espinosa, M . E ., P407 P155, P157, P159, P161, P172 P373, P374, P397, P399, P463, P464 Rodriguez-Jimenez, S ., 134, 437, P271, Schenkel, S ., 300 Sadri, H ., S119 P274, P443, P448, P449 Schexnayder, S ., SC166 Sadrzadeh, N ., LB106 Rodriguez-Prado, M ., 250, 388, 491, P469, Schiano, A . N ., SC117 Sagheer, M ., 456 P470, P475, P483 Schill, C ., 107 Sainani, M . R ., P175 Roeschmann, C ., P148 Schimek, D ., 156, 359 Sáinz de la Maza-Escolà, V ., 434, P354, P356 Rojas, T . D . G ., P320 Schlau, N ., P442, P444 Sakamoto, K ., P268, P348 Rolland, M ., 382 Schlesser, H ., P101 Sala, R ., P327 Rolli, E ., 225 Schley, B ., P101 Sala, R . V ., 241, 243, P318 Roman-Garcia, Y ., P424, P445, P465 Schmidt, K . A ., SC113, P175 Salama, A . A . K ., 494 Roman-Muniz, N ., 271 Schmied, J ., P125 Salfer, I ., P304 Romano Muñoz, J . L ., P162 Schoenfuss, T ., SC104, S157 Salfer, J ., 228 Romero, M ., P233 Scholten, M ., S162 Salter, R ., P103 Romero-Bernal, J ., 490 Schoonmaker, J . P ., 262 Salvati, G . G . S ., P336 Ronskley, P ., 306 Schroeder, G ., P393, P424, P445, P465 Samah, F ., SC137 Rood, K . A ., 396 Schuenemann, G . M ., P117, P135, P316 Sampaio, J . P ., 122 Roof, S . E ., P201 Schuler, U ., 219 Samuel, B ., 107 Rosa, C . A ., 122 Schuling, S ., 156, 359 Sanchez, A ., P233 Rosa, F ., 176, 280, 281 Schutz, M . M ., 108 Sánchez, A . Z ., 489 Rosa, G ., P150 Schwab, C ., 373, 374 Sánchez-Duarte, J ., P363, P364, P419 Rosa-Padilla, N . L ., 335 Schwandt, E . F ., 404, 405, 406 Sanchez-Duarte, J . I ., P232 Rosecrance, J ., P225, P227 Schwanke, A . J ., 276, 277 Sánchez-Rodríguez, H . L ., P249, P250 Rosenberg, C . A ., 193 Score, P ., P445 Sandberg, W ., P319, P323 Rosenberger, M ., 418 Scwhanke, A . J ., SC167 Sandberg, W . J ., P486 Ross, M . M ., 213 Seabury, C . M ., S174 Sandoval-Castro, C . A ., 360 Rossi, R . M ., 136 Sears, A ., P440 Sandrini, S ., 493, 494 Rossoni, A ., 197, P300 Seely, C ., SC133, 188 Santana, O . I ., P232, P402, P419 Rossow, H . A ., SC142, 140, 426, P137, P142, Seighalani, F . Z . B ., 310, 417 Santana, P . H . M ., P230 P425, P427, S111, S112 Sekhon, A ., P200, P204, P205, P206, P207 Santillan, J ., P351 Rot, C ., P151 Selvaraj, V ., LB100 Santos, A ., 239, 475 Rotz, C . A ., 441 Sen, A ., SC134, SC166 Santos, E . F ., 148 Rovai, M ., 166, 344, P223, P224, P225, P226, Sepúlveda-Varas, P ., 391 Santos, F . M ., P435 P227 Serafini, M ., W106 Santos, G . M ., 133 Rowe, S ., S143 Serrenho, R . C ., 347, 449, 460 Santos, G . T ., 253 Roy, R ., 235 Settlage, R . E ., P447 Santos, J . E . P ., 105, 173, 247, 290, 302, 303, Royo, L ., P367, P422 Seymour, D ., 254 362, 408, 456, P276, P484, P485, S144 Royster, E ., S143 Seymour, W ., 363

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 132 Sgarro, M . F ., 263 Simoni, J ., P380 Stierli, M ., 219 Sguizzato, A . L . L ., 133, 135, 148 Simoni, M ., 388 Stoffel, C ., P405 Shabloski, M ., SC169, P113 Sinclair, S ., 170 Stone, A . E ., 100, P287, S115 Shabtay, A ., 393, P158 Singh, A ., P179, P204, P205, P206, P207 Stothard, P ., 109, P159 Shah, N . P ., P177 Singh, K ., 129 Stout, R ., 441 Shahid, M . Q ., 343, 447, P288 Singh, N ., SC111, 117 St-Pierre, B ., 176 Shalloo, L ., 102 Singh, S ., 312 St-Pierre, N ., 383, P357 Shandilya, U . K ., 413 Sipka, A . S ., LB104 Stratton, J ., P198, P199 Shang, J ., P353 Sirard, M . A ., P159 Strickland, J ., 395, P138, P141 Shangraw, E . M ., P139 Sitko, E ., 350 Stryhn, H ., 301 Sharma, A ., 413 Siva, N ., P453 Stürmlin, R ., 219, P254 Sharma, A . K ., 280, 281 Skarlupka, J . H ., LB103 Stuttgen, S ., P101 Sharma, P ., 211, 214, 215, 310, 417 Skibiel, A . L ., 127 Stypinski, J . D ., P412 Sharma, R ., 312 Slater, R . D ., P163 Suarez-Trujillo, A ., 330 Sharma, V ., 311 Smid, A . M . C ., 170 Suazo, M ., 273, 288 Sharman, E ., P437, P450 Smith, A . H ., P154 Such, X ., 491, P483 Sharpe, K ., 101 Smith, B ., 259 Suen, G ., LB103, P302 Sharpe, K . T ., 444, S134 Smith, K ., P375 Sugimoto, Y ., 379, P270, P322, P338, P474 Sheedy, D ., 233 Smith, M ., 285, P471 Sugino, T ., 375, P268, P348, P467 Sheehy, M ., 481 Smith, R . G ., P240 Suissi, W ., 470 Sheftel, C ., SC135 Smith, S . C ., 500 Sujani, S ., 474 Shen, C ., 292, P109 Snider, M ., P375 Sullivan, B ., 299 Shen, K ., P109 So, S ., SC144 Sultana, H ., 251, 253, 323, P379 Shengguo, Z ., P410 Socha, M . T ., P396 Summer, P . G ., P411 Shepardson, R ., 371 Soder, K . J ., 318, 319, W109 Sun, F ., SC124, P415 Shepherd, E ., P143 Soderholm, C ., P343 Sun, H . Z ., 291, 477, 480 Shepley, E ., 103, 189, 279, 289 Solano, L ., 279 Sun, L ., P368, P370 Sherlock, R ., S148 Sölkner, J ., 232 Sunkesula, V ., P218 Shi, H ., 427 Soltis, M . P . L ., P455 Sutariya, S ., P176 Shi, W ., 356 Song, W ., 339 Swaminathan, A . V ., SC112 Shinners, K . J ., 320 Sordillo, L . M ., SC136, 136, 222, 395, P138, Swartz, T . H ., W115 Shinzato, I ., 379, P270, P322, P338, P478 P141, W112 Szura, G ., 223 Siberski, C ., 150 Sorensen, K ., P187 Siberski, C . J ., 249 Sorenson, K ., 211 T Sigdel, A ., 195 Sosa, F ., SC122 Sijia, L ., P410 Sotirova, M ., 443 Tacconi, A ., 150, 261 Silva, A . C . M ., 290, 362, P276 Souchet, S ., 428 Tagkopoulos, I ., 190 Silva, A . P ., P334, P335, P336, P344, P346 Sousa, C ., P132 Taguti, Y . C . T ., P377 Silva, C . S ., P114 Souza, G . M ., P153 Tait, R ., S124 Silva, D . C ., P133 Spehar, M ., P172 Takada, N ., P136 Silva, F . L . M ., P101 Spencer, T . E ., S174 Takagi, T ., 384, P411 Silva, J . V . V ., 261 Sriperm, N ., P451 Takeuchi, T ., P268 Silva, L . F . M ., 454 Staffin, A . N ., P360 Takiya, C ., P358, P385, P433, P458 Silva, L . H ., 255, P373, P374 Stahl, C . H ., 134, P271 Talmón, D ., 412 Silva, L . H . P ., 256, 257, 318, 319, 469, P240, Stahl, T . C ., P244, P246, P247 Tam, J ., SC138, 284, P265 P397, P399 Stallones, L ., P225, P227 Tamassia, L ., 362 Silva, L . O ., 240 Stangaferro, M . L ., S140 Taniguchi, A ., P474 Silva, M . D ., P334 Staufenbiel, R ., 327 Tao, S ., 145, 355, P148, P269 Silva, R . C ., P335, P336 Steele, M . A ., LB102, SC143, 174, 178, 356, Tapia-González, J . A ., 484 Silva, T ., P131 423, S132 Tar’an, B ., P414 Silva, T . H ., P144 Steen, T ., P479 Tarapata, J ., SC116 Silva-del-Rio, N ., 187, 190, 344, P147, P223, Stefanoni, H ., W119 Tarouco, J . U ., P114 P339, P413, P417, P461 Stefenoni, H ., 451, P296, P468 Tas, B . M ., 475 Silveira, A . K ., P333 Steinberger, A . J ., LB103 Tate, B . N ., 269, P356 Silveira, J . A . G ., P153 Stelick, A . N ., S154 Tate, K ., P255, P257 Silveira, T . S ., P388 Stella, S . L ., 457 Taylor, E . A ., P312 Silvestre, T ., 384, 451, P431, P468 Stepanchenko, N ., 249, 261 Taysom, D ., P442, P444 Silvi, R . R ., P307 Stewart, J . W ., 433, 435 Taysom, K ., P442 Sim, J . Y ., 317 Steyn, Y ., 206 Teal, R . F ., P154 Teets, C ., 482

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 133 Teixeira, F . H . S ., 450 V Vieira, S . F ., P331, P332 Teixeira, I . A . M . A ., P259, P365 Vieira-Neto, A ., 105, 362, 439, P276, S144 Teixeira, V . A ., P153 Vadas, P ., 441 Vieyra-Alberto, R ., 160 Teles, S . P . C ., P378 Vailati-Riboni, M ., 436, 438 Vigolo, V ., P209 Tell, L . A ., 403 Valdes-Arciniega, T ., 238, 240, 463, P325 Villamediana, P ., 127, P486 Tempelman, R . J ., 302, 303, 452, P418 Valdez, F ., P471 Villot, C ., LB102, 258 Terré, M ., P347 Valencia, E ., 335 Vinyard, J ., SC123, SC140, SC144, 473, P405, Terrill, T . H ., SC149 Valldecabres, A ., 365, P147, P461 P452, P455 Tetreault, M ., 363 Van Amburgh, M . E ., 434, S160 Virginio Jr, G . F ., P334, P344, P346 Thatcher, W . W ., 105, P484, P485 van Breukelen, A . E ., W120 Visentin, G ., 407 Thoma, G ., 441 Van Camp, M ., 183, P146 Vittorazzi Junior, P . C ., P358, P385, P433, Thomas, B ., P322, P338 Van De Gucht, T ., 163 P435, P458 Thomas, B . L ., 379, P270 Van Hout, T ., SC156 Vogellus, M ., LB100 Thomas, S ., SC159 van Knegsel, A . T . M ., 139, 400, P106 Vogtentanz, G ., P421 Thompson, J . S ., P154 van Laar, H ., 475 Vollmer, A . H ., 119, 215 Thompson, P . D ., 124 Van Mullem, J ., 419 von Gaza, H ., 348 Thomson, J ., 140 Van Os, J ., 142, 167, P101, P102, P103, P104, von Keyserlingk, M . A . G ., LB106, 170, 420, Thomson, R ., 237 P116 P306 Thunell, R ., P188 van Pelt, M ., S142 von Soosten, D ., 223 Thys, M ., 163 van Pijkeren, J . P ., W101 Voronin, G . L ., 414 Tieu, S ., 309 van Reenen, C . G ., 421 Vyas, D ., 251, 252, 253, 360, 439, P239, Tiezzi, F ., 304 Van Soest, B . J ., 286 P379, P408 Tippenhauer, C ., 351, P321 van Staaveren, N ., 300, P156, P159 Van Tassell, C . P ., 196 Titgemeyer, E ., P459 W Titi, H . H ., P297 Van Wesemael, D ., 419 Wachoski-Dark, G ., 306 Todd, J ., 271 Vanacker, N ., SC141 Wade, K . M ., 340, 346 Toledo, A . F ., P334, P335, P336, P344, P346 Vanasse, A ., P281 Wagner, L . A ., P254 Toledo, I . M ., 141 Vandaele, L ., 163, 419 Wagner, S ., 279 Tomaluski, C . R ., P346 VandeHaar, M . J ., SC173, 302, 303 Wahlstrom, C ., P185 Tomich, T . R ., P153, P307 Vang, A ., 325, P150, P260, P264 Waite-Cusic, J ., P183, P196, P197 Toro, G ., 446 VanRaden, P . M ., 196, 199, 200, 203, 204, Waldrip, H ., 441 Toro-Mujica, P ., 207 205, 302, 303, P168, P169 Waldron, D . S ., 212 Torres, A ., P197 Vargas, D . P ., P333 Wales, W ., 137, 146 Torres, E ., P233 Vargas-Bello-Pérez, E ., 207, 368, 483, 484, Walker, C . C . F ., 222 Torres, Y ., P233 489, 490 Walker, J . B ., S168 Totakul, P ., 438 Vasconcelos, J . L . M ., S164 Walker, T ., 123, 132 Treichler, B ., S141 Vasiljevic, T ., LB101 Wall, E ., P431 Tremblay, G . F ., P238, P281, P476 Vasseur, E ., 289, 340, 346, 486, 488 Wallace, M ., P310 Trevisi, E ., 176, 329, 499 Vassolo, D ., 439 Wallau, M . O ., P234, P235 Tricarico, J ., 442, 443, W118, W121 Vazquez-Anon, M ., 422 Walsh, D . P ., P310 Trmcic, A ., P201, S154 Vecchiarelli, B ., 471, W119 Wang, B ., P130 Tsai, C . Y ., 104, 157, 158 Veerkamp, R . F ., S142, W120 Wang, C ., 128 Tsuruta, S ., 200, 201, 206, 296 Vega-Martínez, D . Y ., P249, P250 Wang, D . M ., 220, 234, 366, 381 Tuanyok, A ., P452 Velasco-Acosta, D . A ., 457 Wang, H ., 245 Tucker, C . B ., 168, 187 Velasquez, C ., 324 Wang, J ., 138, P130, P214 Tucker, H ., 422 Velásquez, J . A ., P403 Wang, J . Q ., 106, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, Tucker, J . J ., SC149 Velasquez-Munoz, A ., P105, P149 125 Tulpan, D ., P155 Velázquez-Martínez, J . R ., 207 Velez, J . S ., P135 Wang, K ., 443 Veliz, F . G ., P352 Wang, L ., 155, 161, 468 U Venjakob, P . L ., 327 Wang, P ., 487, 492 Uddin, M . E ., 442, P402, W118 Ventura, B ., 169, 394 Wang, Y ., 442, P353, P409 Ueno, Y ., P268 Veronese, A ., P119 Wang, Z ., 138, 145, S156 Ugarte Marin, M . B . U ., P320 Versweyveld, J ., P101 Wang, Z . W ., 112 Umana Sedo, S . G ., P320 Verwer, C . M ., 421 Ward, R ., P189, P466 Unger, P ., P200, P204, P205, P206 Vibostok, S ., SC125 Ward, S . H ., P303, P376 Upreti, P ., P176 Vidal, G ., 187 Warner, D ., 235, 289, 346, P208, P313 Upton, J ., 124 Vidal, M ., P347 Warren, N ., P240 Urakawa, M ., P136 Vieira, A . C ., P114, P115 Wasson, D ., P431 Uyama, T ., 180, 181, P152 Vieira, E . R . Q ., SC123, P405 Wasson, D . E ., 384, 451, P296, P468

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 134 Watanabe, K ., P136 Wise, L ., SC129 Youssef, N . N ., 119 Watanabe, T ., P443, P453 Wolfe, A ., SC120, 157, 158 Yu, C . S ., P103 Wattiaux, M . A ., 387, P241, P394, P402, Wolfe, C . W ., 199 Yu, P ., SC121, SC147, P372, P407, P414, P477 P481, S182 Wood, D ., P350 Yu, S ., P379 Weary, D . M ., LB106, 170, 420, P306 Woodhouse, H . M ., 231 Yu, Z ., SC151, 468 Webb-Robertson, B . M ., P140 Woodrum Setser, M ., P100, P118 Yu, Z . T ., 467 Weber, C ., 219, 327 Woolums, A . R ., 100 Weber, T ., 104 Work, M ., P122 Z Weber, W . J ., P123 Wright, L . E ., P478 Zachut, M ., SC138, 284, P265, P277, P278, Wegmann, S ., 219 Wright, M ., 137, 146 S120 Wei, X ., 495 Wright, T . C ., P108 Zambelis, A ., 486 Weigel, K . A ., SC173, 302, 303, 341, P116, Wu, H . M ., 115, 116 Zambom, M . A ., 256, 257 P430 Wu, J ., 260 Zang, X . W ., 480 Weikard, R ., 129 Wu, J . J ., 220 Zang, Y ., 318 Weimer, P . J ., LB103 Wu, Z ., 245, P368 Zanton, G . I ., 361, 387, P481, S179 Weiss, W . P ., SC124, SC139, 367, 376, P135, Wu, Z . Z ., 366 Zanzalari, K ., P384 P395, P406, P412, P415 Wynands, E ., 169 Zebeli, Q ., P421 Welboren, A . C ., S132 Zeineldin, M ., P441 Welchez, S ., 451, P296 X Zenobi, M . G ., 173, 247, P403 Welk, A ., 420 Xiao, T . T ., 217 Zhan, Y ., 128 Wellnitz, O ., P254 Xie, L ., 292 Zhang, C ., 175 Wells, K . G ., P241 Xie, Y . Y ., 477 Zhang, D ., P177 Wells, M ., P478 Ximenes, C . A . K ., P114 Zhang, F ., 341 Weng, Y ., 487, 492 Xing, Y ., 129 Zhang, H ., P407, P441 Wenker, M . L ., 421 Xu, G . Z ., 366 Zhang, J ., 165, 495, P273, P349, P353, P409 Wenner, B ., 383, 474, P357, P386, P396, Xu, J ., 479, P368, P370 Zhang, Y ., P194 P420, P432, P440 Xu, J . C ., 467 Zhao, C ., 468 Wenz, J ., 344, P223 Xu, L . B ., 126 Zhao, F .-Q ., P139 Werner, A ., 232 Xue, M . Y ., 477, 480 Zhao, J ., P194 Westhoff, T . A ., LB104, P384, P389, P390 Zhao, L ., 479, P370 White, H . M ., SC173, 287, 302, 303, P116, Zhao, S . G ., 125 P263, P430 Y Zhelev, I ., 365 White, R ., P311, S161 Yamagishi, N ., P474 Zhen, N ., 138 White, R . R ., 433, 435, 474, P446, P447 Yan, M ., P477 Zheng, H ., 121, P194 Whitehouse, N . L ., 469, P463, P464, S177 Yang, C ., 386 Zheng, L ., 495 Whittington, A ., SC125 Yang, H ., P409 Zheng, N ., 106, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 125 Wickramasinghe, H . K . J . P ., 249, 261, P480 Yang, H . G ., 114 Zhong, Y . F ., 477 Wiedmann, M ., P201, P202, P203, S154 Yang, J ., SC121, P372 Zhou, C ., 384, P468 Wiking, L ., SC108 Yang, K ., P109 Zhou, J ., 260 Wilbanks, D ., SC106 Yang, P ., 467 Zhou, Z ., LB105, P261 Wilken, M ., P395 Yang, T . F ., 480 Zhuang, T ., P136 Wilkens, M . R ., 223, 327 Yang, X ., 106, 112 Ziegler, B ., P340, P341, P342, P345 Williams, D ., 233, 397 Yang, Y ., 339, P121, P204, P205, P206 Ziegler, D ., P340, P341, P342, P343, P345 Williams, J . E ., P140 Yang, Z ., P441 Ziegler, G ., P211 Williamson, J ., SC127 Yanibada, B ., 154, P436 Zimmerman, C ., 173, 247 Wilms, J . N ., S132 Yao, J ., 155, 165, 468, 495, P349 Zimmerman, P ., 440 Wilson, A . M ., P108 Yao, J . H ., 161 Zimmerman, S ., 440 Wilson, D ., 171 Yao, Q . Q ., 114 Zinder, M . C ., 393 Wilson, D . J ., 184, 185, 396 Yarish, C ., 451, P296 Zitai, G ., 479 Wilson, H . C ., P391 Yates, D ., S113 Zorini, F . O ., 493, 494 Wilson, K ., S152 Yates, M . D ., S135 Zuber Gianforte, A . D ., P201 Wiltbank, M . C ., 243, P327, S165 Yazdi, S ., SC106, SC108 Zug, J ., 353 Winder, C ., 167, 168, 178, 180, 181, 183, 186, Ye, Y ., 368 Zulewska, J ., SC116 282, 283, 401, P101, P146, P151, P152, Yifan, S ., 479 Zynda, H ., P395 P339 Yoder, P ., P432 Zynda, H . M ., SC124, P415 Winkelman, A ., S148 Yoder, P . S ., 383 Winowiski, T . S ., SC132 Yoon, I ., 107, 355 Winston, D ., SC154, SC159 Young, J . D ., 214, 215 Wirtu, G . G ., 464 Yousef, A ,. P192

2021 ADSA Virtual Annual Meeting 135