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1. Padil Species Factsheet Scientific Name: Common Name Image 1. PaDIL Species Factsheet Scientific Name: Citripestis eutraphera (Meyrick) 1933 (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) Common Name Mango Fruit Borer Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/Pest/Main/142262 Image Library Australian Biosecurity Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/ Partners for Australian Biosecurity image library Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment https://www.awe.gov.au/ Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia https://dpird.wa.gov.au/ Plant Health Australia https://www.planthealthaustralia.com.au/ Museums Victoria https://museumsvictoria.com.au/ 2. Species Information 2.1. Details Specimen Contact: daff.gov.au, nt.gov.au - daff.gov.au, nt.gov.au Author: S. Anderson & L. Tran-Nguyen Citation: S. Anderson & L. Tran-Nguyen (2012) Mango Fruit Borer(Citripestis eutraphera)Updated on 2/24/2012 Available online: PaDIL - http://www.padil.gov.au Image Use: Free for use under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY- NC 4.0) 2.2. URL Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/Pest/Main/142262 2.3. Facets Commodity Overview: Field Crops and Pastures Commodity Type: Mango Distribution: Australasian - Oceanian, South and South-East Asia Group: Moths Status: Exotic Species Establishment in Australia 2.4. Other Names Citripestis eutraphera (Meyrick 1933:388) (Myelois) Mango Fruit Borer Philotroctis eutraphera Meyrick, 1933 by monotypy Roesler 1983:19 2.5. Diagnostic Notes **Identification is currently undergoing peer review as part of the National Diagnostic Protocols by SPHDS.** Characteristic damage includes spoiled fruit, holes in the side of fruit with frass and sap; premature fruit drop can occur as the larvae approach maturity (L Zhang 2010 pers. comm). **Eggs** less than 1 mm in diameter; laid on mango fruit or stalk; flattened appearance; white in colour when first laid but change to red; hatch in 2-3 days. **Larvae** newly hatched larvae feed on the skin of the fruit and then bore into the fruit flesh where they feed for between 12-15 days. Often there is more than one larva in a fruit with a total of 15 recorded in one fruit (L. Zhang 2009 pers. comm). **Pupa** larvae pupate either in soil or in fallen fruit; pupal stage is approximately 14 days. **Adult** antenna of male _Citripestis_ is pectinate which will distinguish them from most other phycitine genera. Association with Rutaceae provides additional support for Citripestis. Definitive diagnosis of this species would rely on comparison of male or female genitalia with representative specimens or analysis or DNA barcoding. Forewing ground colour yellowish-grey, veins black scaled, antemedian band non-existent, postmedian band pale yellowish-grey, fuscous interspersed with creamy white scales, with rusty red, cream, black fringe; hindwing ground colour dirty white with black scaling along veins, anal area less black veined scales but with long dark, white hairs, cubital pectin present; head fuscous (black, dark brown, rusty red) with scattered cream scales; basally scaled proboscis; &#9794 palps thick and curved up; maxillary palps long, heavily scaled extending above vertex; ocelli, chaetosema present; thorax light brown to fuscous with interspersed cream scales; abdomen ventrally distal half less fuscous changing to more grey, black, cream; legs fuscous with interspersed cream scales; &#9792 labial palps long and tapering, fuscous with interspersed cream scales. ♂ transtilla not sclerotized; distal end of costa of valva has a short bifurcation, clasper existent; aedeagus with two small thorns distally. ♀ genitalia undescribed. **Coming soon - PBT link with DNA barcoding for _Citripestis eutraphera_** 2.6. References Armstrong, K. (2010) DNA barcoding: a new module in New Zealand’s plant biosecurity diagnostic toolbox. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 40: 91-100. Bhumannavar, B.S. (1991a). Record of Citripestis eutraphera (Meyrick) (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera) on Mangifera andamanica in India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 88(2): 299. Common, I.F.B. (1990). Moths of Australia. Carlton, Victoria. Melbourne University Press, appendix 1, p471-482. Entomology Section, Department of Resources, Northern Territory Government, Mango Fruit Borer factsheet (2009). Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz, R., Vrijenhoek, R. (1994). DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology., 3(5): 294-299. Hajibabaei, M., Janzen, D.H., Burns, J.M., Hallwachs, W., Hebert, P.D.N. (2006). DNA barcodes distinguish species of tropical Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103(4): 968-971. Hanner, R. (2005). Proposed standards for BARCODE records in INSDC (BRIs). http://www.barcoding.si.edu/PDF/DWG_data_standards-Final.pdf. Hebert, P.D.N., Cywinska, A., Ball, S.L., deWaard, J.R. (2003). Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B270: 313-321. Hebert, P.D.N., Penton, E.H., Burns, J.M., Janzen, D.H., Hallwachs, W. (2004). Ten species in one: DNA barcoding reveals cryptic species in the neotropical skipper butterfly Astraptes fulgerator. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 101(41): 14812-14817. Hussein, M.Y. Rahma, ASA. (1981). Role of the parasite, Rhoptromeris sp. in the control of lemon fruit borer. Malaysia Agriculture Journal 53:45-51. Jacob, T. K., Veenakumari, K., Bhumannavar, B. S. (2004): Insect pests of cashew in the Andaman Islands, Cashew 18(4): 25-28. Kalshoven, L.G.E, translated by van der Laan P.A., Rothschild, G.H.L. (1981). Pests of crops in Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia: Ichtiar Baru. Meyrick, E. (1930-1936): Exotic Microlepidoptera. Taylor and Francis, London. 1-642. Munroe, E. Solis, M.A. (1999). Pyraloidea, pp. 233-256. In: Kristensen, N. (ed.) Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies, Vol. I. Arthropoda, Insect, Vol. 4, Part 35. Handbook of Zoology. Walter de Gruyter & Co. Berlin. 491p. Roesler, R.U. (1983): Die Phycitinae von Sumatra (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Heterocera Sumatrana, Keltern 3: 1-136. Wilson, J.J. (2010). Assessing the value of DNA barcodes and other priority gene regions for molecular phylogenetics of Lepidoptera. PLoS. 5(5):e10525. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010525. 2.7. Web Links DRAFT coming: daff.gov.au 3. Diagnostic Images 27.iv.2009 Berrimah Farm NT 22.iii.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology Adult mango fruit borer: L. Zhang & M. Neal Aedeagus: S. Anderson DAFF Biosecurity Department of Resources 19.ix.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology 22.ii.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology Basally pectinate antenna: S. Anderson Basally scaled proboscis: S. Anderson DAFF Biosecurity DAFF Biosecurity 19.ix.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology 07.vii.2009 NAQS Darwin Entomology Chaetosema and ocelli: S. Anderson DAFF Citripestis eutraphera: S. Anderson DAFF Biosecurity Biosecurity 22.iii.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology 16.vii.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology Citripestis male secondary sex scales: S. Corpus bursae: S. Anderson DAFF Anderson DAFF Biosecurity Biosecurity 26.xi.2010 Berrimah Farm, NT 22.iii.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology Eggs white intially then change to red: L. Female genitalia: S. Anderson DAFF Zhang Department of Resources NT Biosecurity xii.2010 Berrimah Farm 16.vii.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology Infested mango fruit: L. Zhang Department Juxta plate & viniculum: S. Anderson DAFF of Resources NT Biosecurity 20.iv.2009 Berrimah Farm NT 22.iii.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology Late instar: L. Zhang & M. Neal Department Male genitalia: S. Anderson DAFF of Resources Biosecurity 22.ii.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology 01.xii.2009 Berrimah Farm NT Male labial palps: S. Anderson DAFF Mango fruit borer damage: L. Zhang & M. Biosecurity Neal Department of Resources Comparison between mango borer larvae xi.2010 Berrimah Farm Mango fruit borer vs Red-banded caterpillar: Newly emerged larvae: L. Zhang S. Anderson DAFF Biosecurity Department of Resources NT x.2010 Berrimah Farm Rearing Laboratory 20.x.2010 Berrimah Farm Rearing Pupa: L. Zhang Department of Resources Laboratory Pupating larva: L. Zhang Department of Resources 16.vii.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology 22.ii.2010 NAQS Darwin Entomology Signum: S. Anderson DAFF Biosecurity Single bristle frenulum: S. Anderson DAFF Biosecurity Results Generated: Saturday, October 2, 2021 .
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