Citrus Industry Biosecurity Plan 2015

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Citrus Industry Biosecurity Plan 2015 Industry Biosecurity Plan for the Citrus Industry Version 3.0 July 2015 PLANT HEALTH AUSTRALIA | Citrus Industry Biosecurity Plan 2015 Location: Level 1 1 Phipps Close DEAKIN ACT 2600 Phone: +61 2 6215 7700 Fax: +61 2 6260 4321 E-mail: [email protected] Visit our web site: www.planthealthaustralia.com.au An electronic copy of this plan is available through the email address listed above. © Plant Health Australia Limited 2004 Copyright in this publication is owned by Plant Health Australia Limited, except when content has been provided by other contributors, in which case copyright may be owned by another person. With the exception of any material protected by a trade mark, this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivs 3.0 Australia licence. Any use of this publication, other than as authorised under this licence or copyright law, is prohibited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ - This details the relevant licence conditions, including the full legal code. This licence allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to Plant Health Australia (as below). In referencing this document, the preferred citation is: Plant Health Australia Ltd (2004) Industry Biosecurity Plan for the Citrus Industry (Version 3.0 – July 2015). Plant Health Australia, Canberra, ACT. Disclaimer: The material contained in this publication is produced for general information only. It is not intended as professional advice on any particular matter. No person should act or fail to act on the basis of any material contained in this publication without first obtaining specific and independent professional advice. Plant Health Australia and all persons acting for Plant Health Australia in preparing this publication, expressly disclaim all and any liability to any persons in respect of anything done by any such person in reliance, whether in whole or in part, on this publication. The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of Plant Health Australia. PLANT HEALTH AUSTRALIA | Citrus Industry Biosecurity Plan 2015 Acknowledgements The Industry Biosecurity Plan for the Citrus Industry was coordinated by Plant Health Australia and developed through a partnership approach using government and industry resources and expertise. The following organisations and agencies were involved in the development and finalisation of the plan: Endorsement The Industry Biosecurity Plan for the Citrus Industry (Version 3.0) was formally endorsed by the citrus industry (through Citrus Australia) in September 2014, and all state and territory governments (through the Plant Health Committee). The Australian Government endorses the document without prejudice for the purposes of industries planning needs and meeting the Department’s obligations under Clause 13 of the EPPRD. In providing this endorsement the Department notes page 33 of the Plan which states: “This Document considers all potential pathways by which a pest might enter Australia, including natural and assisted spread (including smuggling). This is a broader view of potential risk than the IRA conducted by the Department of Agriculture which focus only on specific regulated import pathways.”. PLANT HEALTH AUSTRALIA | Citrus Industry Biosecurity Plan 2015 Table of contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 8 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 9 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 10 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 11 Plant Health Australia ......................................................................................................... 11 Citrus Australia ................................................................................................................... 11 Biosecurity planning ........................................................................................................... 11 Industry Biosecurity Plan development .............................................................................. 13 Review processes .............................................................................................................. 13 Background on the citrus industry ......................................................................................... 14 The Emergency Plant Pest Response Deed ......................................................................... 20 Document overview ............................................................................................................... 24 Threat identification, pest risk assessments and categorisation ........................................ 24 Risk mitigation plan ............................................................................................................ 24 Contingency plans and response management ................................................................. 24 Biosecurity implementation .................................................................................................... 25 References ............................................................................................................................ 28 THREAT IDENTIFICATION, PEST RISK ASSESSMENTS AND CATEGORISATION ......... 29 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 30 Threat identification ............................................................................................................... 30 Pest risk assessments ........................................................................................................... 31 Ranking pest threats .......................................................................................................... 32 Description of terms used in pest risk tables ...................................................................... 33 Citrus industry high priority plant pest threat list.................................................................... 36 Current resources for detection and identification of HPPs ............................................... 41 Formal Categorisation of pests for inclusion in the EPPRD .................................................. 43 Pest categorisation ............................................................................................................. 43 Composition of the Categorisation Group .......................................................................... 44 Citrus EPPs categorised to date ........................................................................................ 47 References ............................................................................................................................ 48 RISK MITIGATION PLAN ........................................................................................................ 50 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 51 Barrier quarantine .................................................................................................................. 52 National level – importation restrictions ............................................................................. 52 State and regional level – movement restrictions .............................................................. 58 Orchard level – exclusion activities .................................................................................... 63 Nurseries and retailers ....................................................................................................... 64 Surveillance ........................................................................................................................... 65 National surveillance programs .......................................................................................... 66 State surveillance programs ............................................................................................... 66 Orchard and nursery surveillance activities ....................................................................... 70 Training .................................................................................................................................. 71 PLANT HEALTH AUSTRALIA | Citrus Industry Biosecurity Plan 2015 Awareness ............................................................................................................................. 71 High priority plant pest threat-related documents .............................................................. 72 Further information/relevant web sites ............................................................................... 74 Orchard biosecurity ............................................................................................................... 77 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 77 Reporting suspect pests ........................................................................................................ 77 Reference .............................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • How to Fight Citrus Greening Disease (And It’S Not Through Genetic Engineering)
    William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review Volume 40 (2015-2016) Issue 3 Article 7 May 2016 Saving The Orange: How to Fight Citrus Greening Disease (And It’s Not Through Genetic Engineering) Evan Feely Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr Part of the Agriculture Law Commons, and the Environmental Law Commons Repository Citation Evan Feely, Saving The Orange: How to Fight Citrus Greening Disease (And It’s Not Through Genetic Engineering), 40 Wm. & Mary Envtl. L. & Pol'y Rev. 893 (2016), https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr/vol40/iss3/7 Copyright c 2016 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr SAVING THE ORANGE: HOW TO FIGHT CITRUS GREENING DISEASE (AND IT’S NOT THROUGH GENETIC ENGINEERING) EVAN FEELY* INTRODUCTION The orange is dying. With Florida’s citrus industry already suffer- ing from the growing skepticism of an increasingly health-conscious American public as to orange juice’s benefits,1 the emergence of citrus greening disease over the past two decades has left the orange’s long-term future very much in doubt.2 A devastating virus first documented in China roughly one hundred years ago, citrus greening disease (or “HLB”), has only migrated to Florida in the past twenty years, but has quickly made up for lost time.3 Primarily transmitted by an insect known as the Asian citrus psyllid (“ACP”), the disease has devastated Florida growers in recent years, wiping out entire groves and significantly affecting trees’ overall yield.4 This past year, Florida growers experienced their least productive harvest in forty years, and current estimates of next year’s yield are equally dismal.5 * J.D.
    [Show full text]
  • SPRO 2005 30 Citrus Greening
    FOR INFORMATION DA# 2005-30 September 16, 2005 SUBJECT: New Federal Restrictions to Prevent Movement of Citrus Greening TO: STATE AND TERRITORY AGRICULTURAL REGULATORY OFFICIALS On September 2, 2005, APHIS confirmed the findings of the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) that identified the first U.S. detection of citrus greening caused by the bacterium, Liberibacter asiaticus. The disease was detected through the APHIS-FDACS’ Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey Program (CAPS). FDACS has imposed regulations governing the movement of certain material from Miami-Dade County. PPQ is imposing similar restrictions to support our combined efforts to prevent movement of citrus greening disease from infested areas, effectively immediately. All ornamental citrus psyllid host plant material in addition to all citrus is quarantined and prohibited from movement out of Miami-Dade County. A compliance agreement is being developed in conjunction with FDACS that will include recommended controls and treatments for the citrus psyllid. These treatments will allow for citrus psyllid host plant material (other than citrus) from Miami-Dade County to be shipped within the State of Florida and to non-citrus producing states. The certification process for host plants of L. asiaticus is more complex and will take more time to develop certification procedures. For all other counties, the interstate shipping (shipments outside the State of Florida) of all citrus psyllid host plants (including citrus) is permitted, except to citrus producing states (Arizona, California, Louisiana, Texas, and Puerto Rico). If citrus greening disease is detected in additional counties, the regulations established for Miami-Dade County will be applied. The current Citrus Canker quarantine areas remain in effect; these quarantines prohibit the movement of citrus out of the quarantine area.
    [Show full text]
  • Insert Report Title Here
    Vegetable biosecurity & quarantine gap analysis Prue McMichael Scholefield Robinson Horticultural Services Pty Ltd Project Number: VG07087 VG07087 This report is published by Horticulture Australia Ltd to pass on information concerning horticultural research and development undertaken for the vegetable industry. The research contained in this report was funded by Horticulture Australia Ltd with the financial support of the vegetable industry. All expressions of opinion are not to be regarded as expressing the opinion of Horticulture Australia Ltd or any authority of the Australian Government. The Company and the Australian Government accept no responsibility for any of the opinions or the accuracy of the information contained in this report and readers should rely upon their own enquiries in making decisions concerning their own interests. ISBN 0 7341 1849 X Published and distributed by: Horticulture Australia Ltd Level 7 179 Elizabeth Street Sydney NSW 2000 Telephone: (02) 8295 2300 Fax: (02) 8295 2399 E-Mail: [email protected] © Copyright 2008 FINAL REPORT Vegetable Biosecurity and Quarantine Gap Analysis VG07087 Prepared for : Horticulture Australia Ltd HAL Project No. VG07087 Prepared by : Prue McMichael Completion Date : September 2008 SCHOLEFIELD ROBINSON HORTICULTURAL SERVICES PTY LTD 118A Glen Osmond Road, Parkside SA 5063 Australia ACN 008 199 737 PO Box 650, Fullarton SA 5063 Ph: (08) 8373 2488 ABN 63 008 199 737 Fax: (08) 8373 2442 Email: [email protected] Web Site: www.srhs.com.au Offices in Adelaide and Mildura Scholefield Robinson Horticultural Services Pty Ltd HAL Project No. VG 07087 PROJECT LEADER Dr Prue McMichael Senior Consultant/Plant Pathologist Scholefield Robinson Horticultural Services Pty Ltd PO Box 650 Fullarton SA 5063 PURPOSE OF REPORT This Final Report has been prepared to document information acquired, analysed and considered during the review undertaken for HAL, into all aspects of the biosecurity of Australia’s vegetable industries that are members of AUSVEG.
    [Show full text]
  • Fruits; Fresh Vegetables and Fresh Limes” (Opp
    Trademark Trial and Appeal Board Electronic Filing System. http://estta.uspto.gov ESTTA Tracking number: ESTTA881622 Filing date: 03/07/2018 IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE BEFORE THE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD Proceeding 91238258 Party Plaintiff Wonderful Citrus LLC Correspondence DARYA P LAUFER ESQ Address ROLL LAW GROUP PC 11444 WEST OLYMPIC BLVD LOS ANGELES, CA 90064 UNITED STATES Email: [email protected], [email protected] Submission Other Motions/Papers Filer's Name Michael M. Vasseghi Filer's email [email protected], [email protected] Signature / Michael M. Vasseghi / Date 03/07/2018 Attachments Opposition with Exhibits-reduced size.pdf(1950576 bytes ) IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD Wonderful Citrus LLC, Opposition No. 91238258 Opposer, Application Serial No. 87/472272 v. APB, Inc. dba Vision Produce Company, Applicant. OPPOSER WONDERFUL CITRUS LLC’S OPPOSITION TO APPLICANT’S MOTION FOR JUDGMENT ON THE PLEADINGS I. INTRODUCTION Applicant moves for judgment on the pleadings (“Motion”), arguing that “there is no genuine issue as to Opposer’s lack of prior rights in a trademark that could be confusingly similar to Applicant’s Mark.” (Motion pg. 3.)1 Applicant’s Motion is not well taken. It acknowledges that Opposer has alleged exactly what it takes issue with – that Opposer has prior rights in a trademark that could be confusingly similar to Applicant’s Mark. Despite this, Applicant seeks to take issue with those allegations, implicitly contending that Opposer will be unable to prove what it has alleged. (Motion pg. 2.) This is not a proper basis for judgment on the pleadings, which must accept as true all allegations asserted in the Opposition.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Cross-Compatibility, Graft-Compatibility, and Phylogenetic Relationships in the Aurantioi
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Cross-Compatibility, Graft-Compatibility, and Phylogenetic Relationships in the Aurantioideae: New Data From the Balsamocitrinae A Thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Plant Biology by Toni J Siebert Wooldridge December 2016 Thesis committee: Dr. Norman C. Ellstrand, Chairperson Dr. Timothy J. Close Dr. Robert R. Krueger The Thesis of Toni J Siebert Wooldridge is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to many people who have been an integral part of my research and supportive throughout my graduate studies: A huge thank you to Dr. Norman Ellstrand as my major professor and graduate advisor, and to my supervisor, Dr. Tracy Kahn, who helped influence my decision to go back to graduate school while allowing me to continue my full-time employment with the UC Riverside Citrus Variety Collection. Norm and Tracy, my UCR parents, provided such amazing enthusiasm, guidance and friendship while I was working, going to school and caring for my growing family. Their support was critical and I could not have done this without them. My committee members, Dr. Timothy Close and Dr. Robert Krueger for their valuable advice, feedback and suggestions. Robert Krueger for mentoring me over the past twelve years. He was the first person I met at UCR and his willingness to help expand my knowledge base on Citrus varieties has been a generous gift. He is also an amazing friend. Tim Williams for teaching me everything I know about breeding Citrus and without whom I'd have never discovered my love for the art.
    [Show full text]
  • Field Performance of 'Marsh Seedless' Grapefruit On
    582 Stuchi et al. FIELD PERFORMANCE OF ‘MARSH SEEDLESS’ GRAPEFRUIT ON TRIFOLIATE ORANGE INOCULATED WITH VIROIDS IN BRAZIL Eduardo Sanches Stuchi1,2*; Simone Rodrigues da Silva2; Luiz Carlos Donadio2; Otávio Ricardo Sempionato2; Eduardo Toller Reiff2 1 Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, R. Embrapa s/n ,C.P. 7 - 44380-000 - Cruz das Almas, BA - Brasil. 2 Estação Experimental de Citricultura de Bebedouro, C.P. 74 - 14700-971 - Bebedouro, SP - Brasil. *Corresponding author <[email protected]> ABSTRACT: Some viroids reduce citrus tree growth and may be used for tree size control aiming the establishment of orchards with close tree spacing that may provide higher productivity than conventional ones. To study the effects of citrus viroids inoculation on vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of ‘Marsh Seedless’ grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) grafted on trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.], an experiment was set up in January 1991, in Bebedouro, São Paulo State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four treatments with two plants per plot: viroid isolates Citrus Exocortis Viroid (CEVd) + Hop stunt viroid (HSVd - CVd-II, a non cachexia variant) + Citrus III viroid (CVd-III) and Hop stunt viroid (HSVd - CVd-II, a non cachexia variant) + Citrus III viroid (CVd-III) and controls: two healthy buds (control), and no grafting (absolute control). Inoculation was done in the field, six months after planting by bud grafting. Both isolates reduced tree growth (trunk diameter, plant height, canopy diameter and volume). Trees not inoculated yielded better (average of eleven harvests) than inoculated ones but the productivity was the same after 150 months.
    [Show full text]
  • Tropical Horticulture: Lecture 32 1
    Tropical Horticulture: Lecture 32 Lecture 32 Citrus Citrus: Citrus spp., Rutaceae Citrus are subtropical, evergreen plants originating in southeast Asia and the Malay archipelago but the precise origins are obscure. There are about 1600 species in the subfamily Aurantioideae. The tribe Citreae has 13 genera, most of which are graft and cross compatible with the genus Citrus. There are some tropical species (pomelo). All Citrus combined are the most important fruit crop next to grape. 1 Tropical Horticulture: Lecture 32 The common features are a superior ovary on a raised disc, transparent (pellucid) dots on leaves, and the presence of aromatic oils in leaves and fruits. Citrus has increased in importance in the United States with the development of frozen concentrate which is much superior to canned citrus juice. Per-capita consumption in the US is extremely high. Citrus mitis (calamondin), a miniature orange, is widely grown as an ornamental house pot plant. History Citrus is first mentioned in Chinese literature in 2200 BCE. First citrus in Europe seems to have been the citron, a fruit which has religious significance in Jewish festivals. Mentioned in 310 BCE by Theophrastus. Lemons and limes and sour orange may have been mutations of the citron. The Romans grew sour orange and lemons in 50–100 CE; the first mention of sweet orange in Europe was made in 1400. Columbus brought citrus on his second voyage in 1493 and the first plantation started in Haiti. In 1565 the first citrus was brought to the US in Saint Augustine. 2 Tropical Horticulture: Lecture 32 Taxonomy Citrus classification based on morphology of mature fruit (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Classification and Cultivars
    1 Classification and Cultivars 2 Two Tribes • Clauseneae • Citreae has 3 Subtribes –Triphasiinae –Balsamocitrineae –Citrinae 3 Fortunella • Four species - Small trees and shrubs. • Flowers later than Citrus. • Freeze - hardy • Small fruit –‘Meiwa’ and ‘Marumi’ - round –‘Nagami’ ovate 4 Poncirus • Two trifoliate spp. –trifoliata ‘Flying Dragon’ –poyandra • Deciduous • Thorny, Cold hardy, long thorns • Makes great hedges , rootstocks 5 Microcitrus • Northeastern rainforest Australia • Moderate-sized trees. • Leaves are unifoliate dimorphic • Microcitrus australasica –Resistant to burrowing nematode and phytophthora • Micro leaves, flowers, and fruit 6 Clymenia • Unifoliate acuminate leaves tapering into very short petiole. • Branches are thornless. • Style shorter than other true Citrus and stigma is larger and flattened • Fruit - ovoid, thin peeled, many oil glands, many small seeds. 7 Eremocitrus • Xerophytic native of Australia • Spreading long drooping branches • Leaves unifoliate, greyish green, thick, leatherly, and lanceolate. • Sunken stomata, freeze hardy • Ideal xeroscape plant. 8 Citrus - Subgenus Eucitrus • Vesicles - no acrid or bitter oil • C. medica (Citrons) –Uses - candied peel, • Jewish ceremony • Exocortis indicator 9 Citrus limon (Lemons) • Commerce –‘Lisbon’ and ‘Eureka’ • Dooryard –Meyer (Lemon hybrid) • Rough Lemon –Rootstock 10 Lemon Hybrids • Lemonage (lemon x sweet orange) • Lemonime (lemon x lime) • Lemandrin (lemon x mandarin) • Eremolemon (Eremocitrus x lemon) - Australian Desert Lemon 11 Citrus aurantifolia (Limes) • ‘Key’ or ‘Mexican’ limes • ‘Tahiti’ or ‘Persian’ limes some are triploids and seedless • C. macrophylla (lime-like fruit) –Rootstock in California • Lemonimes (lime x lemon) • Limequats (lime x kumquat) 12 • Not grown either in Tahiti or Persian (Iran) • Seedless and marketed when still dark green 13 C. aurantium - Sour Orange • ‘Seville’ in Southern Europe –Orange marmalade • ‘Bouquet’ & ‘Bergamot’ • - Italy –Essential oil • Many forms like ‘Bittersweet’ –Rootstock - High quality fruit.
    [Show full text]
  • Arizona Department of Agriculture Environmental & Plant Services Division 1688 W
    DOUGLAS A. DUCEY MARK W. KILLIAN Governor Director Arizona Department of Agriculture Environmental & Plant Services Division 1688 W. Adams Street, Phoenix, Arizona 85007 P. (602) 542-0994 F. (602) 542-1004 SUMMARY OF EXTERIOR QUARANTINES Updated April 16, 2021 CONTACTS Jack Peterson…...…………………………………………………………………………..…Associate Director (602) 542-3575 [email protected] Rachel Paul…………………………………………………………………………...Field Operations Manager (602) 542-3243 [email protected] Jamie Legg………………………………………………………………………..Quarantine Program Manager (602) 542-0992 [email protected] INDEX Summaries………………………………………………………………………………………...……….Page 2 Nursery Stock…………………………………………………………………………...…………Page 2 House Plants……………………………………………………………………………………….Page 2 Boll Weevil Pest…………………………………………………………………………………...Page 2 Citrus Nursery Stock Pests………………………………………………………………………...Page 3 Nut Tree Pests……………………………………………………………………………………..Page 3 Nut Pests…………………………………………………………………………………………...Page 4 Lettuce Mosaic Virus……………………………………………………………………………...Page 4 Imported Fire Ants………………………………………………………………………………...Page 5 Palm Tree Pests…………………………………………………………………………………....Page 5 Noxious Weeds…………………………………………………………………………………....Page 7 Japanese beetle…………………………………………………………………………………….Page 9 Arizona Administrative Code, Title 3, Chapter 4, Article 2 Quarantine……………………..………….Page 10 April 16, 2021 www.agriculture.az.gov Page 1 SUMMARIES Nursery Stock States Regulated - All states, districts, and territories of the United States. Regulated Commodities - All trees, shrubs, vines, cacti, agaves, succulents,
    [Show full text]
  • Citrus Trifoliata (Rutaceae): Review of Biology and Distribution in the USA
    Nesom, G.L. 2014. Citrus trifoliata (Rutaceae): Review of biology and distribution in the USA. Phytoneuron 2014-46: 1–14. Published 1 May 2014. ISSN 2153 733X CITRUS TRIFOLIATA (RUTACEAE): REVIEW OF BIOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION IN THE USA GUY L. NESOM 2925 Hartwood Drive Fort Worth, Texas 76109 www.guynesom.com ABSTRACT Citrus trifoliata (aka Poncirus trifoliata , trifoliate orange) has become an aggressive colonizer in the southeastern USA, spreading from plantings as a horticultural novelty and use as a hedge. Its currently known naturalized distribution apparently has resulted from many independent introductions from widely dispersed plantings. Seed set is primarily apomictic and the plants are successful in a variety of habitats, in ruderal habits and disturbed communities as well as in intact natural communities from closed canopy bottomlands to open, upland woods. Trifoliate orange is native to southeastern China and Korea. It was introduced into the USA in the early 1800's but apparently was not widely planted until the late 1800's and early 1900's and was not documented as naturalizing until about 1910. Citrus trifoliata L. (trifoliate orange, hardy orange, Chinese bitter orange, mock orange, winter hardy bitter lemon, Japanese bitter lemon) is a deciduous shrub or small tree relatively common in the southeastern USA. The species is native to eastern Asia and has become naturalized in the USA in many habitats, including ruderal sites as well as intact natural commmunities. It has often been grown as a dense hedge and as a horticultural curiosity because of its green stems and stout green thorns (stipular spines), large, white, fragrant flowers, and often prolific production of persistent, golf-ball sized orange fruits that mature in September and October.
    [Show full text]
  • Citrus from Seed?
    Which citrus fruits will come true to type Orogrande, Tomatera, Fina, Nour, Hernandina, Clementard.) from seed? Ellendale Tom McClendon writes in Hardy Citrus Encore for the South East: Fortune Fremont (50% monoembryonic) “Most common citrus such as oranges, Temple grapefruit, lemons and most mandarins Ugli Umatilla are polyembryonic and will come true to Wilking type. Because most citrus have this trait, Highly polyembryonic citrus types : will mostly hybridization can be very difficult to produce nucellar polyembryonic seeds that will grow true to type. achieve…. This unique characteristic Citrus × aurantiifolia Mexican lime (Key lime, West allows amateurs to grow citrus from seed, Indian lime) something you can’t do with, say, Citrus × insitorum (×Citroncirus webberii) Citranges, such as Rusk, Troyer etc. apples.” [12*] Citrus × jambhiri ‘Rough lemon’, ‘Rangpur’ lime, ‘Otaheite’ lime Monoembryonic (don’t come true) Citrus × limettioides Palestine lime (Indian sweet lime) Citrus × microcarpa ‘Calamondin’ Meyer Lemon Citrus × paradisi Grapefruit (Marsh, Star Ruby, Nagami Kumquat Redblush, Chironja, Smooth Flat Seville) Marumi Kumquat Citrus × sinensis Sweet oranges (Blonde, navel and Pummelos blood oranges) Temple Tangor Citrus amblycarpa 'Nasnaran' mandarin Clementine Mandarin Citrus depressa ‘Shekwasha’ mandarin Citrus karna ‘Karna’, ‘Khatta’ Poncirus Trifoliata Citrus kinokuni ‘Kishu mandarin’ Citrus lycopersicaeformis ‘Kokni’ or ‘Monkey mandarin’ Polyembryonic (come true) Citrus macrophylla ‘Alemow’ Most Oranges Citrus reshni ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin Changshou Kumquat Citrus sunki (Citrus reticulata var. austera) Sour mandarin Meiwa Kumquat (mostly polyembryonic) Citrus trifoliata (Poncirus trifoliata) Trifoliate orange Most Satsumas and Tangerines The following mandarin varieties are polyembryonic: Most Lemons Dancy Most Limes Emperor Grapefruits Empress Tangelos Fairchild Kinnow Highly monoembryonic citrus types: Mediterranean (Avana, Tardivo di Ciaculli) Will produce zygotic monoembryonic seeds that will not Naartje come true to type.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Material for RUSSELL, DYRANA N., JAWWAD A
    Supplementary Material for RUSSELL, DYRANA N., JAWWAD A. QURESHI, SUSAN E. HALBERT AND PHILIP A. STANSLY−Host Suitability of Citrus and Zanthoxylum Spp. for Leuronota fagarae and Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psylloidea). Florida Entomologist 97(4) (December 2014) at http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/entomologist/browse Corresponding author: Dr. J. A. Qureshi University of Florida/IFAS Southwest Florida Research and Education Center (SWFREC) 2685 SR 29N, Immokalee, Fl 34142, USA Phone: (239) 658-3400 Fax: (239) 658-3469 E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Leuronota fagarae Burckhardt (Hemiptera: Psylloidea), an exotic psyllid described from South America, was first observed in 2001on a citrus relative Zanthoxylum fagara (L.) Sarg. (Sapindales: Rutaceae) in southern Florida. Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) is principal vector of the bacteria ‘Candidatus Liberibacter spp.’ causal agent of huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening disease. Both vector and disease are now well established in Florida and also reported throughout the Americas and Asia. The host range of D. citri is limited to citrus and some rutaceous relatives. Additional vectors and host plants could accelerate spread of HLB in citrus and threaten endangered species such as Zanthoxylum coriaceum A. Rich. and Zanthoxylum flavum Vahl. Experiments were conducted to evaluate adult survival, reproduction and nymphal development of psyllids on 3 Citrus and 4 Zanthoxylum species as well as orange jasmine, Murraya paniculata (Syn. M. exotica) (Sapindales: Rutaceae), a common ornamental and preferred host of D. citri. Leuronota fagarae in single male−female pairs at 24 °C lived an average 4-47 days, 4-12 fold longer on Zanthoxylum spp. (except Z. flavum) than on citrus.
    [Show full text]