Second Grade Language Arts: Phonics

Second grade phonics class is a culmination of the A Beka intensive phonics program. Added Enrichment After reviewing vowel sounds, consonant sounds, and how to blend them together, •• Review games (9) students learn consonant blends, diphthongs, digraphs, and clue words to help them •• Additional games and activities (54) remember these sounds. Students practice what they have learned on a deeper level •• During Seatwork: of application than first grade. Students use these skills to have more success in •• Add suffixes to given words (45) reading and to spell “challenge words” and compound words quickly and accurately. The skills learned in second grade phonics provide a foundation for reading and spell- •• Write rhyming words (18) ing skills throughout elementary. •• Circle special sounds /mark vowels (10) •• Write word other than clue word Handbook for Reading and Letters and Sounds 2 provide practice with the material for special sound (9) presented in phonics class. Later in the year, Handbook for Reading and the ­Language 2 Word Challenge Appendix are used for oral speed practice during Evaluation phonics­ class. •• Oral and written phonics tests (33)  red indicates first introduction of content.

Skills Development hhChoose “wa in wash” when beginning with a word sounding with short o / “w” sound •• Review long and short vowel sounds, consonant sounds hhChoose the correct ending sound in a given word: •• Review and master one- and two-vowel rules: When there is one vowel •• Correctly use ll, ff, ss at end of a word in a word, it usually says its short sound. When there are two vowels in a word, the first one says its long sound and the second one is silent. •• suffix-s says “s” or “z” •• Blend consonants / special sounds with vowels: •• Recognize the following sounds at the end of short words: e in me, o in go, y in fly •• Students write the blend of a given word; circle the special sound and mark the vowel hhUse 11 suffixes correctly when heard in a word dictated •• Master 132 special sounds and clue words: special sounds include con- hhAdding more than one suffix to a word sonant blends, diphthongs, digraphs, 11 suffixes, 5 prefixes hhChoose “ay in pray” when a long a sound is at the end of a root word •• Demonstrate ability to provide other example words that contain hhChoose “y in baby” at the end of certain words ending with a long e special sounds sound h hhList all the special sounds in a given word after it is orally dictated hChoose “le in little” at the end of certain words ending with an “l” sound h hhMaster ability to identify special sounds in a given word and why that hChoose between -ed in looked / -ed in played when a root word fol- special sound is used lows a “t” or “d” sound h hhMaster choosing the correct sound in a given word when there is more hChoose ought in thought / aught in caught at the end of a root word than one spelling for a sound: with a short o / “t” sound h hhck in duck / k-e (ex.: back—”ck in duck” follows a short vowel sound; hChoose “ture in pasture” at the end of certain words with the same bake—k-e follows a long vowel sound sound as “ch in church” along with an “er” sound (ex.: fracture) h hhoy in boy / oi in coin (ex.: joyful—”oy in boy” must be chosen because hRecognizing silent letters when spelling words with igh in night, it is at the end of a root word; point—”oi in coin” must be chosen alk in walk, le in little, -ed in looked, -ed in played, tch in patch, because it is in the middle of the root word) mb in lamb, ought in thought, aught in caught, dge in fudge, ould in could, ough in enough hhtch in patch / ch in church (ex.: matches—”tch in patch” must be chosen because the sound follows a short vowel; chimes—”ch in hhRecognize choices in the spelling of special sounds having or containing church” must be chosen because “tch in patch” cannot be at the the same sound: beginning of a word) hhe in me, y in baby, -y in rainy, -ly in slowly, ie in brownie hhg in giant, dge in fudge, j in jar (ex.: cage—”g in giant” must come hho in go / ow in bowl before e, i, or y; badge—”dge in fudge” must follow a short vowel) hhay in pray, ea in steak, ey in obey, eigh in eight hhc in city / s consonant (ex.: century—”c in city” comes before e, i, or y hhsh in ship, tion in nation, sion in missionary hhsion in missionary / tion in nation (ex.: motion—”tion in nation” does hhth in thick / thr in three not have a double s / “sh” sound like “sion in missionary”) hhsc in scat / sk in skate hhChoose the correct beginning sound: hhor in morning / war in warm hhRecognize choices in the following consonant blend sounds when hhou in out / ow in owl given blends or words to spell: hhch in church / tch in patch, ture in pasture hhst in stop, pl in plane, tr in train, bl in block, cl in clock, fl in flake, hher in verse, ur in nurse, ir in bird, ear in earth, -er in bigger, gl in glue, br in bride, dr in drum, pr in pray, gr in grin, sm in smoke, wr in wrinkle, or in sailor, ar in dollar sc in scat, sk in skate, sp in spade, cr in crab, tw in twins, spl in splash, hhoo in tooth / ew in flew spr in sprain, scr in scream, qu in squeak, sn in snack, sl in sleep, hhoi in coin / oy in boy str in stream, sw in swim, thr in three hhoo in book, ou in could, u in push hhUse 5 prefixes correctly when heard in a word dictated hha in adopt, o in shovel, a in banana, a- in asleep, ough in enough, ou hhRecognizing silent letters in words beginning with gn in gnat, in country kn in knot, wr in wrinkle, eigh in eight hhall in ball, alk in walk, au in faucet, aw in saw, ought in thought, aught hhChoose between wor in worms / war in warm by listening to the begin- in caught ning sound hhg in giant / dge in fudge hhair in hair, arr in carry, are in care, err in cherry 32 Phonics cont. p. 33 Second Grade

Phonics cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Skills Development cont. •• Correctly divide words into syllables between: •• Double consonants; root words and suffixes hhSpell compound words correctly by applying special sound applica- tion tips / rules •• A vowel and a consonant; two differing consonants hhRead compound words with speed and accuracy •• Prefixes and root words h hhRead “challenge words” with speed and accuracy hIdentify the number of syllables in a given word and which syllable is accented / loudest (ex.: “e-nor’-mous” has 3 syllables and the 2nd syl- hhDevelop listening through dictated sentences; using phonics applica- tion skills while students: lable is accented) •• Identify root words hhRemember each word hhDemonstrate ability to add prefixes and suffixes to a root word while hhSpell each word correctly spelling the new word correctly by applying the following rules: hhSpell contractions correctly •• When a root word ends with a single consonant and the vowel is hhSpell number words, days of the week, months of the year short, the consonant is usually doubled before adding a suffix begin- hhCapitalize correctly based on rules learned ning with a vowel. (ex.: swim + ing = swimming) hhChoose correct ending punctuation •• When a root word ends with a silent e, the e is usually dropped before •• Understand that syllables are parts of words adding a suffix that begins with a vowel. (ex.: hike + ed = hiked) hhWhen a root word ends with a y and the suffix begins with an e, change the y to an i before adding the suffix. (ex.: try + ed = tried)

Language Arts: Reading

Each student will be successful in second grade reading as he masters the application of phonics rules. The early readers have stories written with words that are directly tied to what is being learned in phonics class. Subsequent readers present children’s classics, stories from America’s past, selections by famous authors, and stories with heroes that the children can emulate. One reader is a juvenile novel, another presents life in Israel in the days of Christ, and others include fables, animal tales, stories from children’s classics, biographical stories, poetry, Scripture readings, and patriotic stories. Literary Value Materials •• 103 authors, including well-known •• Character-building themes such as •• Readers (7) containing: writers such as Beatrix Potter, A. gratitude, responsibility, helpfulness, •• Short stories (184) and poems (81) A. Milne, Hans Christian Andersen, industry, persistence, courage, patri- •• Christian fiction novel, Bible geog- Robert Louis Stevenson, Louisa May otism, and integrity raphy book, and nonfiction book Alcott, and Nathaniel Hawthorne about animals •• Selections and adaptations from •• Primary Bible Reader includes children’s literature such as The Prin- Scripture reading cess and the Pea, The Adventures of Pinocchio, Aesop’s Fables, Grimm’s Evaluation Fairy Tales, The Tale of Peter Rabbit, •• Weekly oral reading grade and Winnie-the-Pooh  red indicates first introduction of content.

Reading Skills Development Readers •• Read and decode (sound out) words by applying phonics sounds •• Story Tree—20 stories and 11 poems; uses words with special sounds and rules from Basic Phonics Charts 6–9 hhRead silently and complete comprehension activities •• Treasure Chest—20 stories and 22 poems and riddles; covers Basic •• Strive for increasing accuracy, correct enunciation, fluency, phras- Phonics Charts 8–13 ing, alertness to punctuation, good expression, comprehension, •• Hidden Treasure—26 stories and 10 poems including classic literature appropriate pace for grade level, volume, and poise and stories with patriotic themes •• Follow along as others read orally •• No Longer a Nobody—a Christian fiction novel containing 6 chapters •• Receive differentiated instruction with ability grouping •• Paths of Gold—27 stories and 12 poems including classic literature •• Increase vocabulary and Scripture selections •• Sunshine Meadows—42 stories and 21 poems with a wide variety of styles and topics

33 Reading cont. p. 34 Second Grade

Reading cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Readers cont. •• Primary Bible Reader—30 class reading lessons including selected sto- ries and passages from the Old Testament, such as Genesis, Exodus, •• Silver Sails—16 stories and 3 poems containing legends, fairy tales, Numbers, Joshua, Judges, 1 Samuel, Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesias- and historical stories tes, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Daniel, and Jonah; and New Testament selec- •• Open Skies—a supplemental reader containing 22 stories and 14 tions from Matthew, Luke, John, Acts, (epistles such as) Ephesians, poems with a wide variety of styles and topics Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, 2 Timothy, Hebrews, James, 1 & 2 Peter, •• Growing Up Where Jesus Lived—a 10-chapter informational book 1 John, and Revelation describing life in Palestine in the days of Christ; used as a reader for class reading Comprehension, Discussion, & Analysis •• All Kinds of Animals—an informational class reading book con- Skills Development taining 14 selections on animals; “Do You Remember” sections •• Answer factual and interpretive questions for most stories and poems especially help develop comprehension skills •• Answer inferential comprehension­ and discussion questions

Language Arts: Language Added Enrichment •• Word Challenge section to expand Language 2 is used to practice concepts taught in phonics class. Concepts learned vocabulary (1,499 terms) in first grade are reinforced as students go on to master the following areas: Note: See 2nd Grade Cursive Writing recognizing and correctly punctuating three kinds of sentences; giving compound section in this Scope & Sequence (p. 34) words, rhyming words, antonyms, synonyms, contractions, and singular possessive for additional creative writing­ exercises. words in response to a written prompt; forming plurals; and using troublesome words correctly. By the end of the year, the students’ reading comprehension skills Evaluation will be sharpened; and they will write more clearly, correctly, and concisely. •• Some language skills are included in weekly phonics tests  red indicates first introduction of content.

Grammar •• Divide words into syllables •• Alphabetize words •• Capitalization: hhCorrectly use words such as sit, sat, set; learn, teach; may, can; •• First word in the sentence to, too, two; right, write; blue, blew •• Days of week and months of year hhAbbreviate days of the week, months of the year, selected English hhHolidays and special days measures, selected titles such as Dr., Mr., Mrs. •• Names of people •• Comprehend reading material and answer questions •• The word I •• Correctly use a glossary (terms: guide words, entry) •• Titles •• Punctuation: Composition •• Using periods to end sentences •• Write: hhUsing question marks and exclamation points to end sentences •• Complete sentences (109) hhUsing an apostrophe to show ownership (’s) •• Original sentence (90) hhThe sentence: •• Rewrite a sentence correctly (68) hhRecognize complete sentences •• Answer a question in complete sentence (37) hhRecognize that a phrase is part of a sentence •• Paragraph about a topic (26) hhRecognize questions and exclamations •• Composition about a designated topic (15) hhLearn terms: exclamatory, declarative, and interrogative sentences •• Thank-you letter •• Word study and diction: •• Add suffixes and prefixes to root words Added Enrichment •• Determine number of syllables Extra practice available in Seatwork curriculum: hhDetermine accented syllables •• Copy sentences (22) •• Recognize and use correctly: •• Finish / correct sentences (63) •• Compound words, rhyming words •• Write original sentences (449) •• Opposite words (antonyms), same-meaning words (synonyms), •• Write friendly letters (4) same-sounding words (homonyms) •• Glossary skill exercises (130) hhSingular and plural words; singular possessives •• Contractions 34 Second Grade Language Arts: Cursive Writing

Building upon each grade, the consistent step-by-step approach to good Added Enrichment penmanship presented in Writing with Phonics 2 emphasizes neatness •• Journal containing 13 creative writing and correct letter formation in daily practice. Writing habits which are exercises and dated journal entries polished during second grade will greatly influence students’ penmanship skills throughout life. Evaluation •• Tests (30)  red indicates first introduction of content.

Skills Development •• Copy good cursive models to reinforce capitalization / punctuation rules and simple sentences includes: •• Achieve good writing position: •• Copy Scripture or a sentence (79) •• Sitting properly in desk •• Copy a paragraph (28) •• Holding pencil correctly •• Copy a title (7) •• Slanting paper correctly •• Number formation •• Perfect writing skills for a good, overall appearance: •• Creative writing practice: •• Correctly writing all lower- and uppercase letters and numbers 0–9 •• Dated journal entries (31) hhPerforming correct warm-up procedure by practicing basic strokes •• Original compositions using an assigned theme (17) hhKeeping size consistent while making a connection without the •• Writing an acrostic (2) help of a dotted line •• Develop listening skills by writing dictated sentences (12) hhWriting without use of dotted lines; double-spaced writing •• Placing letters correctly on the lines, slanting letters properly, writ- ing slowly and carefully, making smooth connections between letters •• Using key strokes: slant, loops, tails, humps

Language Arts: Spelling & Poetry

In second grade, spelling is taught as an individual subject for the first time. The spelling curricu- lum continues to be correlated with phonics. The spelling lists in Spelling and Poetry 2 reinforce the phonics concepts which the students are learning. By the end of the year, students will be learning vocabulary words and their definitions. Poems for memorization have been selected for their beauty of language, literary greatness, and character-building qualities. Added Enrichment Evaluation •• Spelling lists (32): •• Homework sheets (30) include spelling list •• Spelling tests (32) •• Spelling words (625) and helpful hints or featured special sounds •• Vocabulary words (645) •• Glossary for application and practice •• Organized by special sounds •• Spelling games (16) •• Worksheet activities (106): •• Build on previous concepts •• Reinforce new concepts  red indicates first introduction of content.

Spelling Skills Development •• Hear and see spelling and vocabulary words in example sentences, in order to: hhMaster spelling lists including: •• Clearly picture each word’s meaning; differentiate between sound- hh60 sight words and 23 contractions alike words hh50 vocabulary words and definitions­ hhUse words correctly when speaking and writing hhUse vocabulary words in proper context •• Use spelling words in creative writing exercises hhCorrectly write sentences dictated by teacher using vocabulary words hhLearn beginning dictionary skills such as using guide words, locating hhCreate good sentences using spelling and vocabulary words entries quickly, finding word definitions, and alphabetizing words •• Apply spelling and phonics concepts through daily: •• Teacher-directed oral practice •• Independent written practice

35 Spelling & Poetry cont. p. 36 Second Grade

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Spelling Skills Development cont. •• Matching contractions with their words •• Combining root words with the suffixes -y, -er, -est, -ly, -en, -es •• Learn spelling rules: •• Using prefixes a-, al-, be-, en-, un- •• Know: one- and two-vowel rules; k comes before i and e; c comes before a, o, and u •• Correctly use at end of word: double consonants ll, ff, or ss; Poetry Skills Development vowels e, o, or y; ck after a short vowel; ke after a long vowel hhMemorize 7 lyrical poems •• Double a consonant before adding a suffix that begins with a •• Develop appreciation of poetry vowel •• Perform in front of an audience •• Drop the silent e •• Recite in unison Worksheet Activities: •• Develop appropriate expression and volume •• Solving crossword puzzles; thinking of homonyms •• Improve comprehension •• Creating phrases; grouping similar words together hhLearn definitions and use of unfamiliar words •• Understanding the meaning of vocabulary words •• Maintain interest and increase understanding with comprehension questions •• Finding misspelled words and knowing how to correct them

Arithmetic

The traditional work-text Arithmetic 2 builds a foundation for learning more abstract concepts and teaches students how to apply mathematical concepts to real-life situations. Concepts taught or reviewed in Arithmetic 2 include counting, place value, addition and subtraction, money, time, graphs, simple geometry, multiplication and division, and Roman numerals. Students will apply the skills and facts they have learned as they complete word problems that are based on concrete situations.­ New material is built on prior learning and encourages students to think through new concepts. Arithmetic 2 and curriculum include daily reasoning questions that challenge students’ thinking ability. Added Enrichment Evaluation •• Higher-level thinking activities (139) •• Review games (48) •• Written tests (31) •• A Beka Book games (7) •• Additional games (19) •• Daily skills-development exercises (128) •• Thematic units: pond, transportation, •• Enrichment activities (36) •• Oral tests (31): combinations, answers, children of the world, jungle, workers and detailed instructions for weekly oral and helpers, camping tests in daily lesson plans  red indicates first introduction of content.

Numbers •• Comparing before and after: •• By ones, twos, fives, tens •• Recognize and understand numbers: hhBy threes and fours •• 1–1,000 •• Number words: hh1,001–10,000 •• Use of one to twelve •• Counting: hhUse of thirteen, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, •• By ones, twos, fives, and tens to 100 ninety, one hundred •• By threes to 36 •• Place value: hhBy fours to 48 •• Ones, tens, hundreds hhBy twenty-fives to 300 •• Continue counting patterns hhThousands, ten thousands, hundred thousands •• Tally marks hhMoney: round to nearest dollar; to nearest ten •• Writing numbers: •• Roman numerals: •• By ones, twos, fives, and tens to 1,000 •• Counting and value: •• By threes to 36 •• 1–12 hhBy fours to 48 hh13–30; 50; 100; 500; 1,000 hhDictation to ten thousands •• Reading clock using Roman numerals

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Arithmetic cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Numbers cont. Multiplication hh Basic rules for Roman numerals: •• Building blocks: hh Add repeated Roman numerals •• Counting by twos, threes, fives, and tens hh Add when lesser numeral follows greater one hhCounting by fours hh Subtract when lesser numeral comes before greater one hhWord problems: oral, written hhGraphs to show multiplication facts Addition hhTerms: factor, product •• Addition families: •• Multiply: •• 1 –18 hhBy 1, 0 •• Horizontal and vertical form hhTables, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 •• Add on 0, 1, and 2 hhFind missing factor •• Add doubles hhMultiple combinations •• Add doubles plus one hhMultiplication “twins” (concept of commutative principle) hhAddition terminology •• Addition “twins” (concept of commutative principle) Division •• Timed mastery hhConcept of division •• Word problems: oral, written hhBuilding blocks: dividing groups of objects •• Mental arithmetic: hhRecognize symbols: ÷ and (division house) hhProblems with up to 5 single-digit numbers hhWord problems: oral, written hhProblems with double-digit addend with carrying­ hhTerm: quotient hhEstimate sums hhDivide: •• Carrying: hhBy 1 •• To tens’ and hundreds’ places in 2- and 3-digit problems hhTables 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 hhTo ten-thousands’ place in 3- and 4-digit problems­ hhMultiple combinations hhHorizontal problems with carrying •• Money: add dollars and cents Fractions Subtraction •• Parts of a whole and group: one half, one third, one fourth •• Finding the fractional part of a whole number •• Subtraction families: hhWord problems: oral, written •• 1 –13 hhMixed numbers hh14 –18 •• Vertical and horizontal form Decimals •• Subtract: •• Money: use of dollar sign ($) and decimal point (.) in addition­ •• 0, 1, 2; all of a number hhAlign decimal points when adding and subtracting dollars and cents hhHalf of a number hhSubtraction terminology •• Timed mastery Problem Solving & Applications •• Word problems: oral, written •• Building blocks: oral word problems hhMental arithmetic: •• Word problems: hhProblems combining single- and double-digit subtraction and addition •• Addition, subtraction •• Subtraction with borrowing: hhMultiplication, division •• 2 and 3 digits •• Money hh4 digits hhFractions •• Borrowing: hhCarrying, borrowing hhFrom tens’ place in 2-, 3-, and 4-digit problems hhSteps of problem-solving­ process hhFrom hundreds’ place in 3- and 4-digit problems •• Applications for broader and deeper understanding of concepts: hhFrom thousands’ place in 4-digit problems •• Time, length, temperature hhWith zeros in the minuend •• Graphs, weight, money •• Money: subtract dollars and cents hhFractions, recipes

37 Arithmetic cont. p. 38 Second Grade

Arithmetic cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Time •• Length: hhQuarter inch •• Clock: •• Inch, foot, yard, centimeter •• Hour and minute hands hhMeter •• A.M. and P.M. hhAbbreviations •• O’clock (:00); half past (:30) hhSmallest to longest; comparing lengths •• Quarter past; quarter till; three-quarters past hhApplications: measuring, drawing •• Five-minute intervals •• Weight: hhOne-minute intervals •• Ounce, pound, kilogram •• Table of time: hhGram •• Seconds, minutes, hours hhApplications •• Days, months, year •• Dozen, half dozen •• Calendar: •• Capacity: cup, pint, quart, gallon •• Months of year, days of week •• Perimeter of rectangle hhDays in year, weeks in year hhPerimeter of square •• Date hhTime zones, time lapse Graphing, Statistics, Probability hhDates as digits •• Bar graphs: •• Horizontal Money hhVertical •• Recognition and value of penny, nickel, dime, quarter, half dollar •• Pictographs •• Counting pennies, nickels, dimes, quarters, half dollars hhLine graphs: plot point on line graph hhCombining coins for any amount hhRead a grid, a map hhConverting to cents using dollar sign ($) and decimal point (.) •• Word problems: oral, written Geometry hhRecognize symbols: •• Plane figures: circle, square, rectangle, ­triangle hh$ (dollar) hhSolid figures:introduce concept •• ¢ (cent) hhVertex: identify number of vertexes in plane and solid shapes hhAdding money using dollar sign ($) and decimal point (.) hhMeasure and draw lines hhMaking change hhScale drawings •• Symmetry Measures hhLocations on a coordinate plane •• Word problems: oral, written •• Perimeter: •• Temperature: •• Rectangle •• Degrees: reading, writing hhSquare hhIntroduced to: hhCelsius scale hhFreezing and boiling point of water hhBody temperature on Fahrenheit scale hhTemperatures below zero

38 Second Grade History & Geography Added Enrichment Our America takes students back into history to learn what life would have been •• Vocabulary boxes featuring difficult like in our country’s early days. Students will study the lives of groups of people words who have made valuable contributions to our American heritage: the Pilgrims, •• Activities included in student text and American Indians, early colonists, pioneers, cowboys, and immigrants. teacher edition such as games, class In addition to maps and geographical facts, Our America also features information parades, art ­projects, class diorama about our flag and the history behind our patriotic holidays and songs. Review •• Songs such as “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” questions and activities throughout the text help to check students’ comprehension. and “Pawpaw Patch” passed down through history from early Americans  red indicates first introduction of content.

America •• Our flag: •• Meaning •• Our patriotic holidays: •• America’s Songs: •• “My Country, ‘Tis of Thee,” “The Star-Spangled Banner,” “America the Beautiful,” “God Bless America” hhPeople Who Built America hhTomorrow’s America Geography Study •• Cardinal directions •• Continents •• Home state •• Neighbors to north and south: Canada and Mexico •• Location of England •• Mississippi River •• Gulf of Mexico

Science

Enjoying God’s World guides the student’s study of God’s plan for creation. Students will increase both their reading comprehension and their knowledge of scientific concepts while learning about the human body, plants and animals, Added Enrichment matter and energy, and earth and space from God’s viewpoint. •• Additional hands-on learning Through the “how” and “why” questions that are answered in this text, children will activities in daily lesson plans learn about the world around them while developing their thinking skills. Enjoy- •• Lesson activities (18) ing God’s World also includes hands-on activities and demonstrations that help to •• Additional activities (39) increase each student’s comprehension of basic science concepts.

 red indicates first introduction of content.

Human Biology •• Taking care of our teeth: hhEnamel, gum, root hhMuscles, energy hhDifferent jobs of teeth: cutting, tearing, grinding •• Using food: •• Tips for taking care of teeth: hhEnergy foods: starch, fat •• Brushing hhProtein foods: hhFlossing •• Exercise •• Keeping clean: pores, oil, sweat; wash away dirt each day hhMinerals, vitamin foods 39 Science cont. p. 40 Second Grade

Science cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Human Biology cont. Plant World •• Enjoying exercise •• Parts of a plant: •• Rest and sleep: 10–12 hours of sleep; necessary for growth •• Flowers or cones; stem Activities & Demonstrations: •• Leaves: hhFinding out which foods have sugar in them hhHow leaves make food in green plants: hhChlorophyll Animal World hhWhy green leaves change colors in the fall •• Animals: •• Roots •• Instincts and equipment hhGrowth of a tree •• Examples of different animals: hhHow seeds travel: wind and water, squirrels, birds, hitchhikers hhSpider, praying mantis Activities & Demonstrations: •• Chicken, owl •• Seeing how water rises up a stem •• Earthworm: hhDiscovering whether a leaf grows without light or water •• Burrows •• Watching a plant grow hhBristles •• Animal homes: Things That Work Together •• Nests, tunnels •• God’s plan for plants and animals hhDens •• Beaver: Things That Move hh Engineer, webbed feet, lodge hhEnergy: makes things go; fuel •• Animals’ protection: hhForce: gravity, pull, push, friction hhCamouflage Activities & Demonstrations: •• Insects: •• Designed by God; six legs hhUsing the energy from wind and moving water hhSeeing how gravity pulls hhThree parts: head, thorax, abdomen •• Baby insects: •• Discovering how magnets pull •• Caterpillar to butterfly: Atmosphere hhChrysalis and cocoon •• Good insects: hhProperties of air hhHoneybees: pollen •• Wind: hhWorker bees hhLight air moves up, heavy air moves down •• Harmful insects: hhStorms: hurricanes, tornadoes hhFlies, termites, beetles, and grasshoppers •• Weather: Activities & Demonstrations: hhSun, air, and water hhDiscovering which home earthworms prefer hhEvaporation hhDiscovering why webbed feet help the beaver swim •• Rain, snow hhFinding the three body parts of insects hhHow we hear: sound and sound waves •• Watching a caterpillar change •• The air around the earth Activities & Demonstrations: hhDiscovering that air is real hhFinding whether an empty bottle is really empty hhSeeing water evaporate hhDiscovering how to block sound waves Earth & Sky hhStars, sun, moon hhRound Earth: globe, North and South Pole, equator

40 Second Grade Health

The purpose of Health, Safety, and Manners 2 is to teach the basic facts of health Added Enrichment and safety; to teach courtesy at home, at school, and everywhere; and to instill •• Hands-on learning activities, charts, within students a desire to take care of the body God has given them. and checklists in student book, teacher ­edition, and daily lesson plans (28)

 red indicates first introduction of content.

Health •• Cleanliness: •• Skin and hair: bathing •• Posture: •• Fingernails and hands: hhDetailed instruction on proper posture hhCuticles, chapped skin •• Nutrition: •• Cuts hhAppetite, nutrients •• Washing and combing hair: hhFood groups: hhLice hhMilk: keeps us growing, healthy, active, and warm hhWashing face, neck, and ears hhMeat and beans: protein •• Teeth: hhVegetables and fruits: hhCavities •• Vitamins and minerals •• Brushing hhFiber hhFlossing hhGrains •• Good dental-care habits: hhFats and oils •• Importance of milk hhWater: every part of the body needs water hhEating a variety of foods; limiting sweets; crunchy foods for snacks •• A good breakfast •• Avoid chewing gum hhA good lunch and dinner •• Adequate brushing •• Good table manners: hhRegular flossing •• Thanking God for your food •• Regular dental checkups hhWaiting for food to be passed and not reaching for it •• Eyes: •• Saying “please” and “thank you” hhParts of the eye (diagram) hhUsing serving spoon to put food on plate •• Proper care hhKeeping hand not in use in your lap hhEye trouble •• Keeping elbows off table •• Good eye-care habits: hhNot slurping soup hhReading with a light •• Not talking with food in mouth •• Not rubbing your eyes •• Chewing with mouth closed •• Safety while holding sharp things hhTaking small bites •• Protection from sun and other bright lights hhUsing a napkin hhAvoid reading while riding in a car hhProperly cutting meat and buttering bread •• Proper rest and doctor checkups hhEating a little bit of every food on the table •• Keeping eyeglasses clean hhHaving pleasant conversation •• Ears: hhExpressing thanks to the preparer of the meal hhParts of the ear (diagram) hhBeing excused •• Exercise: •• Proper care hhFun exercises for children (5) and a group game hhEar trouble •• Fresh air and sunshine •• Good ear-care habits: hhVitamin D •• Proper washing of ears hhBenefits of playing outside in the sunshine •• Putting items in ears •• Rest: amount needed; good sleeping habits •• Protecting ears from getting hit hhThoughts: love, kindness, joy

41 Health cont. p. 42 Second Grade

Health cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Health cont. hhSafety around parked cars •• Bicycle safety: hhProper removal of ear wax hhOn a busy street hhProtecting ears from loud noises •• Proper riding on a street •• Protecting ears in cold, windy weather hhWalking a bike across a busy intersection hhFollowing doctor’s orders •• Using a safety helmet •• Disease prevention: •• Proper steering hhCommunicable diseases •• Preventing colds: •• Using hand signals hhBreathing through your nose •• Passengers •• Keeping hands away from face •• Keeping your bike in good working order •• Covering mouth when coughing •• Cars and buses: •• Covering mouth and nose when sneezing •• Using car seat belts •• Using handkerchiefs: clean cloth ones, paper tissues •• Staying seated on a bus; keeping hands inside bus or car windows •• Not eating from someone else’s food •• How to cross the street after getting off a bus •• Rest and exercise •• How to get out of a car that is parked on a street •• Eating nutritious meals hhWhile riding in a car or bus: danger of sharp items; keeping hands hhStaying away from anyone who has a cold away from driver or steering wheel •• Good health habits: •• Safety around water: •• Sitting and standing tall •• Importance of swimming lessons •• Eating nutritious meals hhAdult supervision for swimming or wading •• Exercising every day hhStaying out from under a diving board •• Playing and working outside in fresh air and sunshine hhGoing only in areas marked safe for swimming: not boating areas or hhWorking and playing safely areas where water depth is unknown •• Regular doctor and dentist checkups hhSafety with lifeguard and other swimmers •• Keeping your body clean hhUsing common sense in the water •• Brushing teeth daily hhSafety around the pool’s perimeter hhFlossing teeth daily •• Boat safety: •• Protecting eyes and ears •• Lifejackets; sitting while boat is moving •• Getting plenty of sleep hhKeeping legs inside boat •• Being happy hhAvoiding prolonged exposure to sun hhStaying out of the water during a thunderstorm Safety •• Safety during bad weather: •• Safety away from home: hhUse caution crossing slippery streets •• Parental permission: hhHow to properly hold an umbrella •• Going directly home after school hhStay away from broken electrical wires on or near the ground •• Going places alone or with friends •• During a thunderstorm: hhEating away from home •• Where to take refuge •• Avoid: •• Safety with telephones and electrical cords •• Accepting a ride from a stranger hhSafety with electrical appliances hhTaking candy, ice cream, or money from a stranger •• Safety in the home: •• Putting flowers, leaves, or twigs in your mouth hhReaching high items with a stepladder hhDanger, Keep Out, and No Trespassing signs hhPicking up things as soon as they fall •• Staying away from stray animals hhKeeping stairways clear •• Safety on the street: hhWalking, not running, in the house; walking carefully on stairs hhRecreation: not in street; safety playing in a driveway hhKeeping shoelaces tied •• Knowing where to walk when there is no sidewalk hhStoring skates out of way hhObeying traffic lights •• Properly carrying pointed objects hhProperly crossing a street or railroad track hhProperly handing a pointed object to someone •• Using street corners and regular crosswalks to cross street •• Never playing with real guns hhKeeping a screen in front of fire in the fireplace

42 Health cont. p. 43 Second Grade

Health cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Safety cont. Manners •• Never playing with matches •• Courtesy: hhNever allowing small children to play with matches •• Being polite: hhFire escape plan •• Please and thank you hhYour area’s emergency telephone number hhMaking an apology hhBathroom safety: •• Greeting and answering adults; introductions hhPutting soap in its container after using it •• Being kind to people and animals; being cheerful: not grumbling hhUsing nonskid mat in tub or shower •• Being respectful to older people and those in authority: hhWiping up water spills hhOffering your seat hhKeeping medicines and cleaning fluids out of reach of children hhSpeaking when spoken to hhKeeping electrical appliances away from water hhRefering to an older person by his full name •• Properly using electrical cords hhNever contradicting an older person hhKitchen safety: hhBeing respectful to your country: hhKeeping drawers and cupboard doors closed hhNot flying the flag in bad weather hhImmediate attention to spills and broken glass hhHow to properly raise, lower, display our flag normally and as sign hhProperly plugging in appliances of trouble; keeping flag from touching the ground or water hhUsing a sharp knife correctly with permission •• Being thoughtful: hhProperly using the garbage disposal hhThe Golden Rule hhDressing safely for cooking •• Being patient: waiting in line, taking turns talking hhStove safety: position of pan handles, flammable items, lifting hot •• Always be courteous: foods and liquids, correctly turning off burners •• At the table •• Fire safety: stop, drop, and roll hhOn the telephone: answering; dialing the wrong number

Bible

in E GYPT Second graders will enjoy learning about a variety of Bible characters including MLife of Mosesose SERIES 1 s Flash-a-Card Joshua, Judges, Ruth, Jonah, and Moses. The A Beka Book Flash-a Cards help ­students visualize events as they study the life of Moses and his journey from Evaluation Egypt to the Promised Land. Students will learn about Moses’ decision to suffer •• Graded memory verse passages (8) with God’s people rather than live in luxury; they will also learn that even though Moses chose to follow God, he still faced many trials. By studying Bible characters 6 Lessons—34 Cards 1 The Baby in the River 2 The Burning Bush 3 The Contest with Pharaoh 4 The First Nine Plagues 5 The Passover 6 Crossing the Red Sea Lesson Guide Included ´kqf'a¨ such as Moses, students will learn how to respond to real-life joys and struggles. 75817007 abeka.com

 red indicates first introduction of content.

Lessons 365 A Beka Flash-a-Cards Music 33 songs •• Salvation Series (5 lessons) •• Choruses, hymns of the faith, holiday songs, patriotic songs including: h hhLife of Moses Series (20): Moses in Egypt; Journey to Sinai; Journey h10 new hymns and songs; 10 new choruses through the Wilderness Memory Work hhTabernacle (3) hhNew passages (8) containing 54 verses •• First Christmas (5) •• Review verses (26) hhJoshua (7); Judges (6); Ruth (3) Doctrinal Drill 38 questions/answers •• Crucifixion and Resurrection (9) •• Increase Bible knowledge of basic doctrines: the Bible, God, sin, salva- hhJonah (2); Favorite Bible Stories 1 and 2 (10) tion, heaven, assurance of salvation •• The First Thanksgiving Prayer Time •• Learn to pray with thanks­giving for each other, our nation, those in authority over us

43 Second Grade Music

The traditional, patriotic, holiday, and fun selections in Songs We Enjoy 2 have delighted children for many years. Enrichment ideas for teaching new songs and ideas for motions and props are included throughout the book. The sing-along CD makes song time enjoyable for the students and easy for the teacher.

 red indicates first introduction of content.

Skills Development 68 songs hhReinforce Bible stories through fun Bible songs •• Benefit from fun activities that spark and keep interest: hhDefine 14 unfamiliar words in the lyrics •• Making appropriate animal sounds •• Exercise creativity by acting out songs with props hhHumming; enunciating silly words; echo singing; drumming sounds hhImprove coordination by tapping or clapping with leader to steady beat •• Using dynamic contrast •• Learn to: •• Follow a song leader while staying together with class or CD Variety of Songs to Memorize hhSing in a round while staying together with group and staying on pitch •• Fun, folk, holiday, spirituals and gospel, patriotic

Arts & Crafts

Art Projects 2 is a full-color book designed to give month-by-month variety in art. Working with various types of media, students learn elementary art techniques such as incorporating basic shapes, coloring and drawing techniques, painting, using primary and complementary colors, and creating three-dimensional forms. Seasonal projects are also included.

 red indicates first introduction of content.

Skill & Concept Development 58 projects Technique Development •• Basic shapes; 3-D forms (20) •• Enhancing basic concepts of color, line, shape, and texture through: •• Increasing fine motor skills through: •• Directional drawing and coloring (13) •• Paper folding, cutting, and gluing (46) hhPainting techniques such as: spatter, wet-on-dry, wax-resist, etc. (10) hhPaper curling (4) hhCrayon rubbing, etching, and smudging (3) hhMixing primary and complementary colors (6) •• Mixed media; paper sculptures (31) hhIntroducing motion and texture lines (4) hhAdding highlights and shading (10) hhCreating mosaics and collages (3) hhColoring with an underhand grip (1)

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