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Da “Lex Iulia De Collegiis” E Seus Efeitos Sobre a Responsabilidade Patrimonial Das Corporações Romanas

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Da “Lex Iulia De Collegiis” E Seus Efeitos Sobre a Responsabilidade Patrimonial Das Corporações Romanas AUSTRÉIA MAGALHÃES CANDIDO DA SILVA Da “Lex Iulia de collegiis” e seus efeitos sobre a responsabilidade patrimonial das corporações romanas Tese de Doutorado Orientador: Professor Titular Dr. EDUARDO CESAR SILVEIRA VITA MARCHI Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Direito São Paulo – SP 2016 AUSTRÉIA MAGALHÃES CANDIDO DA SILVA Da “Lex Iulia de collegiis” e seus efeitos sobre a responsabilidade patrimonial das corporações romanas Tese apresentada à Banca Examinadora do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Direito, da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo, como exigência parcial para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Direito, na área de concentração de Direito Civil, subárea de Direito Romano, sob a orientação do Prof. Titular Dr. EDUARDO CESAR SILVEIRA VITA MARCHI . Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Direito São Paulo – SP 2016 Este trabalho contou com o apoio da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), mediante bolsa de Doutorado Direto n. 12/01545-8 – resultado da conversão da bolsa de Mestrado n. 10/13121-2 – e bolsa para Estágio em Pesquisa no Exterior (BEPE) n. 12/07786-7. SUMÁRIO ABREVIATURAS ...................................................................................................................... i INTRODUÇÃO ......................................................................................................................... 1 CAPÍTULO I – DAS COLETIVIDADES E SUA TERMINOLOGIA ................................................. 4 1 – Da aplicação do termo « persona » a entes coletivos .................................................... 4 2 – Do reconhecimento de situações coletivas como «corpus » ...................................... 11 3 – Da concepção abstrata de « universitas » ................................................................... 18 CAPÍTULO II – DAS CORPORAÇÕES ROMANAS ................................................................... 25 1 – Formação dos collegia .............................................................................................. 25 2 – Das faculdades atribuídas aos collegia ..................................................................... 31 2.1 – Generalidades .................................................................................................... 31 2.2 – Propriedade ........................................................................................................ 37 2.3 – Posse e usufruto ................................................................................................. 41 2.4 – Manumissão ....................................................................................................... 45 2.5 – Direitos sucessórios ........................................................................................... 47 CAPÍTULO III – REGIME ASSOCIATIVO NA REALEZA E EM ÉPOCA REPUBLICANA ............ 54 1 – Da origem dos collegia – As associações de Numa ................................................. 54 2 – Da disciplina da lex XII tabularum ........................................................................... 58 3 – Do senatusconsultum de bacchanalibus ................................................................... 64 4 – Do senatusconsultum de 64 a.C. .............................................................................. 69 5 – Da lex Clodia de collegiis ......................................................................................... 74 6 – Do senatusconsultum de 56 a.C. .............................................................................. 79 7 – Da lex Licinia de sodaliciis ....................................................................................... 82 8 – Reflexos da política repressiva na definição de tipos de associações ....................... 86 8.1 – Do conceito de « sodalitas » ............................................................................... 86 8.2 – Do conceito de « collegium » .............................................................................. 90 CAPÍTULO IV – DA LEX IULIA DE COLLEGIIS ..................................................................... 96 1 – O problema da datação da lex Iulia de collegiis ...................................................... 96 2 – A inscriptio de Gai. D. 47,22,4 – Uma pista para a existência da lex Iulia de collegiis ....................................................................................................................................... 101 3 – Análise da inscrição CIL VI, 4416 = VI, 2193 ....................................................... 102 4 – Do conteúdo da lex Iulia de collegiis ...................................................................... 110 4.1 – Da necessidade de autorização ........................................................................ 112 4.2 – Da chamada utilidade pública ......................................................................... 118 4.3 – A diferenciação entre collegium licitum e collegium illicitum ........................ 120 4.4 – Da concessão de personalidade jurídica .......................................................... 124 5 – Exceção ao regime de autorização: O discurso de Marciano .................................. 126 CAPÍTULO V – ORDENAMENTOS DO SISTEMA ROMANO -GERMÂNICO ............................. 131 1 – Direito canônico ...................................................................................................... 131 2 – Direito civil alemão ................................................................................................. 135 2.1 – Concepção de pessoa jurídica na doutrina alemã do séc. XIX ........................ 135 2.2 – Direito vigente ................................................................................................. 138 3 – Direito civil francês ................................................................................................. 144 4 – Direito civil italiano ................................................................................................ 146 5 – Direito civil brasileiro ............................................................................................. 149 CONCLUSÃO ....................................................................................................................... 156 ÍNDICE DAS FONTES ........................................................................................................... 161 BIBLIOGRAFIA ................................................................................................................... 168 RESUMOS ........................................................................................................................... 184 PRINCIPAIS ABREVIATURAS A) FONTES AktG = Aktiengesetz (Alemanha) BGB = Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (Alemanha) C = Codex Iustinianus CC = Código Civil (Brasil) C.C.it. = Codice Civile (Itália) C.civ. = Code Civil (França) C. com. = Code de commerce (França) CTh = Codex Theodosianus C. trav. = Code du travail (França) CIL = Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum Cost. = Costituzione (Itália) D = Digesta Frag. Vat. = Fragmenta Vaticana Gai = Gai institutiones GenG = Gesetz betreffend die Erwerbs- und Wirtschaftsgenossenschaften (Alemanha) GG = Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Alemanha) GmbHG = Gesetz betreffend die Gesellschaften mit beschränkter Haftung (Alemanha) HGB = Handelsgesetzbuch (Alemanha) I = Institutiones Iustiniani N = Novellae Ord. Filip. = Ordenações Filipinas Ulp. Reg. = Ulpiani liber singularis regularum VAG = Gesetz über die Beaufsichtigung der Versicherungsunternehmen (Alemanha) B) REVISTAS , ENCICLOPÉDIAS E MATERIAL DE APOIO AcP = Archiv für die civilistische Praxis (Tübingen) BIRD. = Bullettino dell’istituto di diritto romano Vittorio Scialoja (Milano) Digesto IV = IV Digesto delle discipline privatistiche – sezione civile (Torino) ED = Enciclopedia del diritto (Milano) Epigraphica = Rivista italiana di epigrafia (Milano) HERMES = Zeitschrift für klassische Philologie (Berlin) INDEX = Quaderni camerti di studi romanistici – International survey of roman law (Napoli) Iura = Rivista internazionale di diritto romano e antico (Napoli) LABEO = LABEO – Rassegna di diritto romano (Napoli) MEFRA = Mélanges de l’École Française de Rome (Roma) NDI = Nuovo Digesto Italiano (Torino) NNDI = Novissimo digesto italiano (Torino) NP = Der Neue Pauly (Stuttgart – Weimar) Philologus = Zeitschrift für antike Literatur und ihre Rezeption (Berlin) RE = Paulys Real-Encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft i (Stuttgart) RH = Revue historique de droit français et étranger (Paris) RIDA = Revue internationale des droits de l’antiquité (Bruxelles) RIDC = Revue internationale de droit compare (França) RT = Revista dos tribunais (São Paulo) SD = Studia et documenta historiae et iuris (Roma) Sodalitas = Scritti in Onore di Antonio Guarino (Napoli) SZ = Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte (Weimar) THLL = Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (Lipsae) ZGRW = Zeitschrift für geschichtlichen Rechtswissenschaft (Berlin) ZHR = Zeitschrift für das gesamte Handelsrecht und Wirtschaftsrecht (Stuttgart) C) OUTRAS cf. = confira, confronte, compare col. = coluna nt. = nota de rodapé p. (pp.) página(s) supl. = suplemento s.d. = sem data v.g. = verbi gratia : por exemplo [...] = parênteses quadrados ou colchetes: nas traduções em português, assinalam inserções elucidativas / = barra: nas inscrições epigráficas, demarcam os limites de uma linha (...) = parênteses: nas fontes epigráficas, indicam a reconstrução de uma palavra ou
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