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Invaluable. WK) DOCUMENT RESUME ED 193 745 EA 012 734 AUTHOR Weiland, Steven, Ed. TITLE Citizens, Scholars and the Humanities: An Introduction to State Humanities Programs. Federation Resources 1. INSTITUTION Federation of Public Programs in the Humanities, Minneapolis, Minn. SPONS AGENCY National Endowment for the Humanities (NFAH) , Washington, D.C. PUB DATE BO NOTE 130p. AVAILABLE FROM Federation of Public Programs in the Humanities, 15 S. 5th St., Suite 720, Minneapolis, MN 55402 ($3.00: quantity disccunt) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC06 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Audiovisual Communications: Cultural Activities: *Humanities: Pcsition Papers: Public Policy; Public Support: Sciences: Social Sciences: *State Programs IDENTIFIERS *Federaticn of Public Programs in the Humanities: *National Endowment for the Humanities ABSTRACT This collecticn of essays seeks to offer a composite portrait of state humanities programs from a wide range of viewpoints. Topics explored include: the role of the National Endowment for the Humanities: the importance of the humanities; origins and new directions for state programs: humanities and the issues of public policy, the arts, science, and the social sciences: the use of the media in state humanities programs: political ramifications in the areas of funding and accountability: and the difficulties that threaten the continuation of state humanities programs. A listing of state humanities councils is included in the appendix. The various authors stress that the values and wisdom promoted by the humanities make the development of state programs invaluable. WK) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** US DE PARTMEN I DF NEAL TH. EDUCATION 4 WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION tHIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPR( DUCE* EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FRO THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIC.I0 ATING IT POINTS Of VIEW OR OPINION STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRI SENT OFF IC /AL NivrpoNA INSTITUTED EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY 'PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS AATEAIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY S. der16n4 roTHE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES NFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." p The Federation of Public Programs in the Humanities is a national organization of state humanities programs. Its purpose is to augment the state programs' efforts to bring the humanities to the public through shared inquiry, imagination and discussion with scholars so that the humanities can be recognized as central to the values of the people of this country and as a means of uniting the past, the present and the future. The state programs, groups of citizens from academic and public life aided by professional staffs, receive basic grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities. They carry out their purpose by administering grants for projects planned and conducted by citizens of their states. Through demonstrations of the applications of the humanities to the problems and possibilities of local, regional and national life, the state programs refute the notion that the humanities belong strictly to the college and university curriculum. In 1978 the state programs, the first of which began in 1971, spent over 22 million dollars, matched by cash and in-kind contributions, in support of more than 24,000 projects. Their combined efforts reached more than 23,000,000 people. Through public forums, lectures, debates, films and other forms of media, the state programs have made the purposes and methods of the humanities available to the public in ways as varied as the interests of the disciplines themselves. The Federation enhances the work of the state programs by providing a variety of services. Priorities and objectives established by the delegates of the state programs to the annual meeting of the Federation guida an Executive Committee in setting plans and policies. Federation activities fall under four headings: 1) Infor- mation clearinghouse, 2) Meetings and conferences, 3) Special projects and studies, and 4) Publications, including Federation Reports (a monthly newsletter) and Federation Resources. Federation of Public Programs in the Humanities 15 South Fifth Street, Suite 720 Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402 (612)332-2407 3 CITIZENS, SCHOLARS AND THE HUMANITIES: . AN INTRODUCTION TO STATE HUMANITIES PROGRAMS Edited by Steven Weiland (Shelley Simak, Editorial Assistant) 41 0 1980 Federation of Public Programs in the Humanities 15 S. 5th St., Suite 720, Minneapolis, Mn.55402 (612)332-2407 I CONTENTS AN INTRODUCTION TO AN INTRODUCTION Steven Weiland 1 PART I GOVERNIEWSUPPORT FORTHEHUMANITIES TOWARD CULTURAL CITIZENSHIP:THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES Joseph Duffey 11 WHY THE HUMANITIES? Charles Frankel 21 PART II THE STATEPROGRAMS: ORIGINS AND NEW DIRECTIONS A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE STATE HUMANITIES PROGRAMS The NEH Division of State Programs in the Humanities 31 1976 AND AFTER: NEW DIRECTIONS" FOR STATE PROGRAMS James P. Smith and Rudi Anders 37 PART III THE HUMANITIES AND ... .PUBLIC POLICY Robert Klaus 49 . .THE ARTS Alan Shusterman 53 . .SCIENCE James P. Smith 59 . .THE SOCIAL SCIENCES Michael Sherman 69 I PART IV STATE HUMANITIES PROGRAMS AND MEDIA USING MEDIA EFFECTIVELY IN STATE HUMANITIES PROGRAMS William Brennan 85 COMMUNICATING THE HUMANITIES THROUGH MASS MEDIA Marvin Vawter 93 CREATIVITY AND THE JARGON OF TRUST Mark Rozeen 97 PART V NE POLITICS OF STATE PROGRAMS HUMANITIES PROGRAMS, ACCOUNTABILITY AND STATE GOVERNMENT James Veninga 105 PART VI PAST AND PRESENT THE THREE THREATS TO STATE PROGRAMS John Barcroft 113 STATE HUMANITIES COMMITTEES: DIFFICULTIES REMAIN BUY THEY FARE WELL Charles Trueheart 117 AGAINST CLAPTRAP AND FOR THE COMPLEXITY OF THINGS B.J. Stiles 125 APPENDIX THE STATE HUMANITIES COUNCILS 129 6 AN INTROCUCTION TO AN INTRODUCTION by Steven Weiland We live in a time of lively debate about the uses of the humanities. And our critics 'can be bold. Scientists like B. F. Skinner are openly contemptuous of the humanities because they have no method of experimental analysis and hence no technology of human behavior. "What," he asks in Beyond Freedom and Di nits, "do we have to show for non-scientific or pre-scientific good judgment, or common sense, or the insights gained through personal experience? It is science or nothing."The humanities, it is often said, cannot be readily defined anyway.* We resist - and persist in defining/describing/debating. Humanists recognize the dangers of strict definition and also the truth of Emerson's remark that "the reason for my great admiration for the farmer is that he is a realist and not a dictionary."And humanists and the public recognize that the humanities lack the precision in describing themselves that characterizes other American activities and institutions. STEVEN WEILAND is Executive Director of the Federation of Public Programs in the Humanities. *As defined by the legislation governing NEH and its affiliate organizations . ". the humanities include but are not limited to: history, philosophy, languages, literature, ethics, linguistics, archeology, jurisprudence, comparative religion, criticism, theory and history of the arts, and those aspects of the social sciences employing historical or philosophical approaches.This last group includes cultural anthropology, sociology, political theory, inter- national relations and other subjects concerned with value questions and not with quantitative matters." 7 2 Certainly the variety of interests identified as the humanities makes a permanent definition difficult indeed; sometimes the clearest view comes from outside the field. Albert Einstein once said that "Man tries to make for himself, in the fashion that suits him best, a simplified and intelligible picture of the world. He then tries to some extent to substitute this cosmos of his for the world of experience, and thus to overcome it... He makes this cosmos and its construction the pivot of his emo- tional life in order to find in this way the piece and serenity which he cannot find in the narrow whirlpool of personal experi- ence.... The supreme task... is to arrive at those universal elementary laws from which the cosmos can be built up by pure deduction. There is no logical path to these laws; only intuition, resting on sympathetic understanding of experience, can reach them." The humanities also rely, we can say, on "the sympathetic under- standing of experience," not that of the physical or biological world but that of human experience. They are indeed, as college catalogues and the Congress designate them, a set of academic disciplines -- literature, history, philosophy and others--but those are only the organizational expressions of an essential style of thought, a habit of mind, which seeks to expand our understanding of our own lives by stressing the uses of the past, the critical nature of language and communications, and the necessity of reflection on matters of personal values and public policy. Perhaps it is important to attempt a definition because the very need itself suggests that the humanities face a period of unusual opportunity. For most of this century, when the humanities were largely hidden in the curriculum of colleges and universities, few people outside of higher education cared what they were or what they could do. They were degree requirements. But there is undeniably a growing sense in our culture that the humanities, recognized as centuries old styles of thought, analysis and cre- ativity,
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