NEWSof the National Humanities Center

A Year to Write the Poems I Am Not Writing: Mary Kinzie at the National Humanities Center SPRING / SUMMER 2006 Mary Kinzie (William C. and Ida Friday Senior Fellow) is the author of A Poet’s Guide From the President and Director. . . 2 to Poetry and six collections of poetry, including Summers of Vietnam, Autumn Eros, Ghost Ship, and Drift. She teaches in the creative writing program that she founded two decades ago at Northwestern University. During her fellowship at the National CSI: Fall River ...... 3 Humanities Center she has worked on a series of poems that arose from an exploration Cara Robertson on Lizzie Borden and Other Crimes of the border between poetry and prose called “The Poems I Am Not Writing,” which appeared in Poetry magazine last year. In a recent interview she described the poems she has and hasn’t been writing, her efforts to break the stranglehold of blank verse, Digital “Wizard” Receives ...... 5 and how, despite taking a year away from her duties at Northwestern, she found her- Lyman Award self leading a poetry seminar for a group of very advanced students.

2006–07 Fellows Named ...... 6 You have described your essay, “The Where has that led you? Poems I Am Not Writing,” as a “first The lines of these poems emerging Grants Launch Dialog ...... 7 attempt to negotiate between not writing from “perfected prose” were very long on the Human and writing” following a period in which and that in turn helped me to start you struggled to bring new work to fruition. How are you turning that first writing longer-lined poems. To see how New Trustees Welcomed ...... 7 attempt into a new collection of poems? a very long line could sustain itself, I am attempting to colonize new because it has to be strong enough material for myself, to identify and for the ideas, feelings, images, and Summer Reading List ...... 8 explore new ways of thinking about my metaphors to seem necessary in that past and about the imagination. It’s also form, rather than simply a cobbling Revisiting Mount Vernon: ...... 10 an attempt to appropriate prose for poet- continued on page 14 An Eighteenth-Century Place through ry in my own way. Many other writers Nineteenth-Century Eyes have tried to do this, but I’ve been trying for some time now to escape the stran- Kudos ...... 11 glehold of blank verse, unrhymed iambic pentameter, which I can do in my sleep. Once there’s too great a facility, there’s Recent Books by Fellows ...... 12 the danger that one can be saying some- thing without meaning very much. So I’ve tried all kinds of ruses and tricks to In Memoriam ...... 13 distance myself from blank verse, includ- ing experiments with writing in prose Summer Calendar ...... 16 first, in perfecting the prose, polishing it, A Full Slate of Education Programs making it as perfect and expressive as it can be within the boundary of acceptable prose—and then seeing what it would take to lift it out of prose into poetry.

1 From the President and Director

t the Center as elsewhere, April lunchtime 1978 to the spring of 2006, not one of (as T. S. Eliot wrote) is the cruelest seminar. He them has managed to hit the Director’s Amonth, a time when fellows begin also managed car in the parking lot. to be acutely aware of how little of their fel- to maintain Until now. lowship time remains. This year, April has his prize- Michael, if you are reading this, I want to had an extra little twist of cruelty in the recent winning blog, assure you that your reputation at the Center departures of two of our distinguished visi- "Le Blog Bérubé” www.michaelberube.com, an has not been totaled by this unfortunate inci- tors, Helen Vendler and Michael Bérubé, who ongoing discourse in the form of a reflective dent, and that a kind mention of the Center in were here for one-month visits during March. diary in which all manner of subjects get the acknowledgments pages of your books Funded by the recently endowed Assad taken up. will go a long way towards redemption. Meymandi Fellowship, the Distinguished His residency at the Center became one of If this April is not altogether cruel, some Visitors program was conceived as a way those subjects, to the vast amusement of all of credit must go to the last Meymandi Fellow, to take advantage of special opportunities us, who found ourselves suddenly circulating who arrived as the first two were leaving. This by inviting people who, for one reason or in the blogosphere. He was delighted, Michael is the fellow from Poland, Adam Michnik, the another, could not come for an entire year. said, to be able to read, write, converse, and eminent activist, journalist, and intellectual. As The program is just beginning, so it was drive around unencumbered and free. Which those who know him can attest, Michnik is a exciting to see the very different ways in which he did, until, backing out of his parking space large-souled, generous, and emphatic pres- Vendler and Bérubé managed their brief visits. at the Center on March 21, he hit something. ence; he has been witness to and participant Helen used her time to draft versions of the Here I’ll let Michael pick up the story, as he in a great deal of history and has reflected on Mellon Lectures called “Last Looks, Last did in his March 22 post, entitled ”The Fellow it eloquently, particularly in the landmark text Books” that she will be delivering in from Hell”: Letters from Prison. It has been not just a Washington, D.C. this spring (somewhat No, I hadn’t just hit something—I’d hit privilege and a rare pleasure to have him here, moderating the cruelty of April, at least in another car, the car of someone who but a source of assurance as well: an unrepen- Washington). She fulfilled the primary duty was leaving the parking lot at that very tant smoker, Adam is forced by his habit out of fellowship—to have lunch, and to have fun moment. What in the world? In three of his study and into the woods, and so acts doing so—in an exceptionally lively way, weeks here, I’ve never seen another as a one-man perimeter patrol. extending her gift of ready intimacy to both moving vehicle in the NHC parking lot…. With these three, the Distinguished Visitors fellows and staff. And at the March 23 board Yes, well. The driver of the other car just program has gotten off to a brilliant start. No meeting, she delivered an eloquent address happened to be the Director of the matter where they came from, all of them on the “inner form” of several Yeats poems. National Humanities Center, Geoffrey made themselves at home here in their own When she departed on March 24, she left Harpham. That’s right. I hit the ways, and have enriched the lives of their fel- behind a lingering sense of charm, passionate Director’s car. low fellows, who, invigorated by having met scholarly commitment, and brilliance—a fel- This is, I believe, the twenty-eighth year them, can almost face what they otherwise low from heaven. of operations for the National dread even more than April: May. Michael Bérubé took a different approach. Humanities Center. Each year, the Center A distinguished literary and cultural critic, hosts about forty scholars. We’re talking Michael spent his time reading proofs for two about more than a thousand fellows books (including one called What's Liberal over the course of a generation, scholars about the Liberal Arts? ) and working on nationally and internationally another, which he canvassed in a stimulating renowned—and yet, from the fall of

2 CSI: Fall River Cara Robertson on Lizzie Borden and Other Crimes

If Cara Robertson knows whether you whether she did it or not,” she law reflects society, but it also helps Lizzie Borden really took that axe and says with a laugh. create the context in which these norms gave her mother forty whacks, she is not In researching the Borden trial, are enforced. I am interested in the inter- saying, at least not until the publication Robertson has gathered any number section of law, literature, and history of her book The Trial of Lizzie Borden of amusing anecdotes about the Borden because people often understand their (under contract with Random House). myth and the people who remain fasci- experiences based at least in part on What she will say is that she has been a nated with it. Along the way she has stories that help explain the otherwise guest at the Borden house, now a bed- made an appointment with a realtor to incomprehensible.” and-breakfast, on the anniversary of the tour the house into which Lizzie and her In Lizzie Borden’s case, what was murders of Lizzie’s father and stepmoth- sister moved after the trial—vastly over- incomprehensible was that the daughter er. There she met a freelance medium priced, she reports—and has even played of the victims might be the killer. and some others claiming special knowl- the role of Lizzie’s sister in a reenactment “Especially,” Robertson notes, “when the edge of the case. “I am sure they can tell of the trial whose cast included two daughter in question is the leading light Supreme Court justices. Drawing upon of the Ladies Fruit and Flower Mission her interdisciplinary training in history, and the secretary-treasurer of the local literature, and the law—she has degrees Christian Endeavor Society, and seems from Harvard College, Oxford Univer- to be unexceptional in every other sity, and the Stanford Law School, and respect.” Late nineteenth-century views has served as a Supreme Court law of criminality, derived from European clerk—she is attracted to cases through models, recognized criminal types and a which she can explore how the law both biologically determined view of feminin- shapes and is shaped by culture, and ity that allowed for periodic bouts of how people construct narratives that insanity in the criminally predisposed. help them to comprehend the “The version of the female criminal unimaginable. that appears is someone who might “Legal systems do not exist in a vacu- have arrived via Ellis Island,” Robertson um. They arise out of particular histori- explains. “She doesn’t resemble a native- cal moments and particular cultural born upper-middle-class woman from a contexts,” she explains. “Criminal law, good family in an industrialized town.” in particular, reflects social norms. The continued on page 4 Cara Robertson

3 Robertson continued from page 3

The brutality of the crimes also made known as the Egyptians—Canning was it hard for the citizens of Fall River, convicted of perjury and transported to Massachusetts, to imagine Lizzie Borden America, where she served her indenture as a double murderer. “Poison is a to a Methodist minister and ended up woman’s weapon, a hatchet isn’t,” married to a grandnephew of the gover- Robertson says. Like the O. J. Simpson nor of Connecticut. trial a century later—in which the prose- Like the Borden case, Robertson cution portrayed an apparently genial notes, the Canning Affair allowed soci- sports star and TV pitchman as an ety—and the media—to test competing enraged killer—the Borden trial held up narratives in public as they were being a funhouse mirror to a society in which contested in a courtroom. Just as things suddenly were topsy-turvy. “If the Borden’s indictment brought into ques- social order is based on very clear demar- tion prevailing notions of female crimi- cations among people, and if there is nality, Canning’s story coincided with a fundamentally no difference between seismic shift in European culture from Bridget Sullivan, the family’s domestic belief to knowledge. As intellectuals servant, and someone like Lizzie Borden, debated questions of epistemology and what does that mean for hierarchies in evidence, Fielding was attempting to general?” Robertson asks. alleged kidnapping is especially rich— parse truth from fiction by day while Lizzie Borden was acquitted, of the magistrate who Elizabeth Canning creating his own fictional world— course, but the case has never really been initially convinced of her story is better one in which he was the sole arbiter closed. “Because she is an enigmatic fig- remembered as the novelist Henry of truth—by night. ure—she left no memoir or autobiogra- Fielding, and the tale she told strongly “The Canning case interests me phy—because the case is so lurid, and resembled the trials endured by the hero- because it offers a glimpse into contem- because an acquittal is more open-ended ine of Samuel Richardson’s Clarissa. porary debates about the reliability of than a conviction, Borden’s case allows “A respectable young servant named evidence,” Robertson explains. “Those people to work out their preoccupations Elizabeth Canning disappeared on the debates, I argue, took place in lots of dif- through retelling the story,” Robertson way home from her employer to her ferent arenas—in popular novels as well says. “It is not a coincidence that in the mother,” Robertson says. “Three weeks as legal and philosophical treatises. The early 1990s suddenly it seemed to many later she burst through the door, bruised Canning Affair is a case in which fiction

“Legal systems do not exist in a vacuum. They arise out of particular historical moments and particular cultural contexts.”

people who were writing about the case and black about the face and dressed in makes it possible to believe an improba- that Lizzie Borden must have been a vic- a ragged little shift. She said that she had ble story and also renders that story tim of incest who recovered her memo- been kidnapped by two men and been immediately suspect.” ries and struck back against her abusers.” dragged unconscious to a brothel. There, Despite her scholarly accomplish- This is the second year Robertson she was threatened by a fearsome Gypsy ments, her interest in shocking crimes has been a fellow at the National woman and two younger women with and her experience as a legal advisor to Humanities Center. In addition to the dire consequences if she did not become the United Nations War Crimes Tribunal Borden project, she has been at work a prostitute.” in The Hague have given Robertson on a book about the Canning Affair, a Her tale captivated the jury, which something of a reputation, she admits. mid-eighteenth-century London case in convicted the suspects in the kidnapping “I get a lot of calls and e-mails that which another otherwise unremarkable but to several prominent people her begin, ‘I read about this terrible thing woman became involved in a notorious story made no sense. After a protracted and I thought of you,’”she says with criminal trial. For a scholar of history, battle between Canning’s supporters— another laugh. literature, and the law, this tale of an the Canningites—and her detractors—

4 2006 LYMAN AWARD Humanities Computing “Wizard” Receives Richard W. Lyman Award

In a ceremony held May 17 at the PRACTITIONER AS WELL “he brings together a new generation New York Public Library, the National AS THEORETICIAN of scholars from around the world.” Humanities Center presented Willard McCarty’s work in the field began McCarty notes that “Humanist” is McCarty with the 2006 Richard W. in practice. In the late 1980s, he started a springboard for the ideas of others as Lyman Award. The Lyman Award recog- working with Ovid’s Metamorphoses, well as his own. The electronic resource nizes McCarty’s contributions to and encoding the text and working with has helped his own theorizing by provid- leadership within the field of the digital a series of research assistants to better ing a place to gather the opinions of oth- humanities. understand what encoding might con- ers in his field. McCarty, reader in humanities com- tribute to literary theory. The product O’Donnell adds that McCarty’s “wiz- puting at the Centre for Computing in of that project is a body of work known ardry” depends as well on his role as host the Humanities, an academic depart- as The Analytical Onomasticon. of the long-running (now almost twenty ment in the School of Humanities at In 1987, McCarty founded “Humanist,” years) intellectual salon that its denizens King’s College London, “is a doer, a a digital medium bringing together know just as “Humanist”—the e-mail thinker, and perhaps a wizard,” says scholars working on problems born of list of all lists, a second home to many James O'Donnell, provost of George- town University and chair of the Lyman Award selection committee. “His explorations in the practical and theoretical dimensions of the applica- “His explorations in tion of information technology to the the practical and theo- problems of humanistic learning have made him a widely recognized retical dimensions of international leader.” McCarty is best known as a theoreti- the application of cian of the digital humanities. “We tend to construe computing in the humanities information technol- in terms we understand, as an efficient helper or mechanical aid to existing ogy…have made him fields like history, literature or philoso- phy,” says McCarty. Instead, he hopes a widely recognized that the digital humanities will be recog- international leader.” nized as its own field, perhaps unique in kind, with a coherent set of academic problems worth tackling. In his newest book, Humanities Computing (Palgrave, 2005), McCarty the intersection of computing and the of us, a place where we listen and speak states his case, explaining how and why humanities. “Humanist” has grown from and think and ruminate and inform our- humanities computing is in itself an a small e-mail listserv to an international selves, and go back out into the world intellectual humanistic field of inquiry. digital resource for all humanities schol- better prepared to make sense of it and “[He] attempts and, I think, achieves ars with interests in humanities comput- to make our own contributions.” what no one else in the field has ing. McCarty has remained moderator “Not everyone realizes that humanities attempted—to theorize the new field as of the list, a role not unlike editor of computing is a theoretically coherent or a domain of intellectual inquiry rather an online journal, says J. F. Burrows, at least cohesible practice in its own than as a technological appendage to Emeritus Professor of English, University right,” says McCarty. “Theorizing about scholarship,” says Stanley Katz, professor of Newcastle (Australia). the digital humanities is a way of articu- at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public As moderator, “McCarty opens new lating what we can all see happening and International Affairs, Princeton lines of inquiry and furthers the ideas of around us.” University. others,” says Burrows. Through the list, continued on page 11

5 Class of 2006–07 Named

The National Humanities Center received a Burkhardt Fellowship from has announced the appointment of the American Council of Learned thirty-nine fellows for the academic year Societies. 2006–07. Representing history, litera- The National Humanities Center ture, philosophy, and other humanistic awards more than $1.4 million in fel- fields of study, these scholars will come lowship grants that enable scholars to to the Center from the faculties of thir- take leave from their normal academic ty-one colleges and universities across duties and pursue research at the Center. the United States. They will work indi- This funding is made possible by the vidually on research projects in the Center’s endowment, by grants from the humanities, and will share ideas in Burroughs Wellcome Fund, the Gladys seminars, lectures, and conferences. Krieble Delmas Foundation, the Jessie Geoffrey Harpham, Director of the Ball duPont Fund, the Horace W. National Humanities Center, noted Goldsmith Foundation, the Florence that these newly appointed fellows, Gould Foundation, the Lilly Endow- the Center’s twenty-ninth class, would ment, the National Endowment for include the one thousandth fellow ad- the Humanities, the North Carolina mitted since the Center opened in 1978. Biotechnology Center, and by contribu- “I look forward to welcoming these ex- tions from alumni fellows of the Center. citing individuals,” he said, “they repre- Since 1978 the Center has awarded sent an astonishing range of humanistic fellowships to leading scholars in the learning, from antiquity to the present.” humanities, whose work at the Center The Center received more than 500 has resulted in the publication of more applications in its fellowship competi- than 1,000 books in all fields of human- tion for 2006–07. In addition to those istic study. The Center also sponsors who succeeded in the competition, the programs to strengthen the teaching Center’s trustees have invited several of the humanities in secondary and distinguished senior fellows and two higher education. leading scholars who will participate For the complete list of 2006–07 in a new initiative on science and the fellows, visit www.nhc.rtp.nc.us:8080/ humanities. The appointed fellows will newsrel2006/prfells200607b.htm. also include a young scholar who has

Deborah Wong (NEH Fellow), center, performs with Triangle Taiko in March at the Center. Taiko, tradi- tional Japanese drumming, traces its origins to the 6th century.

6 Grants Launch Dialog on the Human

A $400,000 grant from the Research tive both important and timely, The ASC project will draw not only Triangle Foundation—with $200,000 in Harpham says. “This anticipated conver- on the Center’s intellectual and commu- matching funds that could bring the gence of knowledge and power suggests nity-forming resources, but on those of total value of the gift to $600,000—will an unprecedented opportunity for scien- its partners in the project, most notably help the National Humanities Center tists and humanists to open a wide- Duke University, North Carolina State launch a three-year exploration of the ranging exploration of our essential University, the University of North implications of recent scientific discov- self-understanding.” Carolina at Chapel Hill, and the North eries on our concept of the human. In each of the next three years, begin- Carolina Biotechnology Center. Success The Burroughs Wellcome Fund, ning this fall, the Center will facilitate in this project will be measured by the Duke University, and the North this exploration by inviting into resi- publication of several scholarly books Carolina Biotechnology Center have also dence up to three ASC Fellows, provid- and articles, the creation of a rich elec- made grants to support the project. ing them with the resources to invite vis- tronic resource, and the reinforcement of The project—under the working title iting scholars and organize seminars, and the reputation of Research Triangle Park “Autonomy, Singularity, Creativity: creating on its website a permanent and and the Research Triangle area as places Transformations of the Human / growing electronic resource, with origi- well suited to focus the best minds on Transformations of the Humanities” nal papers, biographies, bibliographies, crucial areas of interest to the academy, (ASC)—will encourage extended con- and hyperlinks to relevant projects the scientific and technological commu- versations on three distinct aspects of around the world. Each year will nity, and the larger public. human existence that have been the conclude with a conference. object of humanistic scholarship as well as ongoing research agendas in the sci- ences and technology: human autonomy, human singularity, and human creativity. Many contemporary scientific pro- jects—attempts to “upload” the compo- nent parts of consciousness into a com- puter, stem cell research, bioinformatics, nanotechnology, and the Human Genome Project among them—appear to have serious implications for our basic understanding of human existence, notes New Trustees Welcomed the Center’s president and director, Geoffrey Harpham. “Recent years have witnessed a strik- ing and unprecedented convergence of scientific research and technological innovation on the question of the human,” Harpham says. “Researchers in a number of scientific and technological fields have achieved remarkable advances in the understanding of such fundamen- Enriqueta C. Bond James T. Hackett Robert C. Post tal human processes as cognition, com- The National Humanities Center’s James T. Hackett munication, expression, emotion, imagi- board of trustees welcomed three new President and Chief Executive Officer nation, and creativity.” members at the March meeting. They are: Anadarko Petroleum Company The increase in knowledge about Houston, Texas Enriqueta C. Bond these processes has raised expectations of President Robert C. Post a dramatic expansion in our capacities to The Burroughs Wellcome Fund David Boies Professor of Law alter or intervene in them—and created Research Triangle Park, Yale Law School the conditions that make the ASC initia- North Carolina New Haven, Connecticut

7 Plots, Pride, Prejudice, Postwar… and Puppies

ach year News of the National Mark Fiege (Walter Hines Page Caryn Koplik (Marketing Coordinator Humanities Center asks the fel- Fellow*) suggests cooling off with Philip for Education Programs and Editor, Elows and staff to recommend a Roth’s The Plot Against America (Vintage, TeacherServe®) has high praise for Tony book—or two, or three—they would 2005), “a chilling ‘what if’ novel. Judt’s Postwar (Penguin, 2006). “It’s recommend to someone planning a trip Charles Lindbergh defeats FDR in the beautifully written, complex, dense and to the beach, mountains, or hammock. election of 1940 and introduces fascism depressing,” she says, “but I’m glad to be Here are their suggestions for an enlight- to the United States.” Fiege also enjoyed reading it and very grateful someone ening and entertaining season: Brett L. Walker’s The Lost Wolves of (Tony) took the decade (which he did) Japan (University of Washington Press, to write it.” Scott Casper (Benjamin Duke Fellow*) 2005), “a haunting story of Japan’s reports: “I read John Hope Franklin’s extinct wolves and their imprint on Maryanne Kowaleski (Delmas autobiography, Mirror to America (Farrar, Japanese culture.” Finally, he endorses Foundation Fellow) calls David Griffith’s Straus and Giroux, 2005), over the win- Akhil Reed Amar’s America’s The Estuary’s Gift: An Atlantic Coast ter holiday and found it utterly engross- Constitution: A Biography (Random Cultural Biography (Penn State ing. Franklin’s life story is a sobering his- House, 2006), an “engrossing and University Press, 1999) “ultimately a sad tory of the shameful Jim Crow system, provocative explanation of America’s story of the erosion of community and of how far America has come, and of most important founding text. My environment as the older networks of how far we have yet to go. It’s also a choice for the Pulitzer Prize.” obligation and gift exchange in the tremendously human story of Franklin coastal ecosystem faded in the face of and his wife Aurelia, and of their extra- Phyllis Hunter (Josephus Daniels modernization. A wonderful read based ordinary hard work, intellectual talent, Fellow*) reports, “I’ve been rereading in part on the author’s own field work, and refusal to accept second-class citi- Jane Austen and just loving it. I started which gives the narrative an immediacy zenship.” He also recommends, David with Pride and Prejudice and found I that many works of nonfiction lack.” S. Reynolds’s John Brown, Abolitionist just couldn’t put it down. I just finished (Vintage, 2006), “a meticulously Persuasion and am about to start researched, fast-paced biography that Mansfield Park. The novels provide a places Brown’s life (1800–1859) in the comforting sense of familiarity and yet context of nineteenth-century reform, are clearly from another place and time.” religion, and ideas about race—as well as of our own ideas about terrorism.” * Endowed by the Research Triangle Foundation Mark Maslan (Delta Delta Delta Ehrman’s Misquoting Jesus: The Story Silvana Patriarca (National Fellow) has four suggestions: “Among Behind Who Changed the Bible and Why Endowment for the Humanities Fellow) relatively new books, I recommend (HarperSan Francisco, 2005). “This is says, “In the past few years my best com- Kazuo Ishiguru’s Never Let Me Go a very accessible and useful account of panions for my summer vacations have (Vintage, 2006) and Julian Barnes’s the transmission of the Christian Bible been the mystery novels by Andrea Arthur and George (Vintage, 2006). through a manuscript tradition that Camilleri. They feature Sicilian Inspector Peter Carey’s My Life as a Fake (Vintage, incorporates both scribal error and Salvo Montalbano, an endearing cynic 2005) and True History of the Kelly Gang deliberate alteration.” with a political conscience and a man (Vintage, 2001) are slightly older fare, who knows good food. The originals are but they’re both great reads.” Bernice Patterson (Receptionist and written in a wonderful Sicilian Italian, Staff Assistant) has been reading The Art which I thought would be untranslat- Kent Mullikin (Deputy Director) has of Raising a Puppy (Little, Brown, 1991) able, but I have heard that the English sixteen recommendations, more or less, as she trains her German Shepherd, translation is quite good. Try The Snack for those on an extended vacation. First, King. “The Monks of New Skete, who Thief (Penguin, 2003) and The Smell of Dorothy Dunnett’s The House of Niccolo, live in upper New York State, primarily the Night (Penguin, 2005) to start with. which he describes as “a series of eight raise German Shepherd puppies as a They are hard to put down." historical novels about a merchant means of support,” she says. “They also adventurer from Bruges in the late 15th operate a training and consulting pro- Deborah Wong (NEH Fellow) enjoyed century. The portrayal of the economic, gram open to dogs of all breeds. This is The Book of Salt, by Monique Truong military, and political history of Europe a very helpful book when I applied (Mariner, 2004), “a fictional memoir by in the early stages of the Renaissance is what I've read in training my puppy.” Binh, the Vietnamese cook who worked impressive; there is also a fair amount for Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas of sometimes violent action. The series in Paris and beyond.” begins with Niccolo Rising (Vintage, 1999). If you are the sort of person who can eat just one potato chip, read this one and quit, but don’t be surprised if you get hooked. Then you can read Dunnett’s Lymond Chronicles about Scotland in the 16th century—that’s only seven books.” Second, Bart Revisiting Mount Vernon: An Eighteenth-Century Place through Nineteenth-Century Eyes

On Friday, April 21, a dozen travelers on a vicarious journey that can never be loaded into five automobiles at the complete (with cell phones in our pock- National Humanities Center, to begin ets and cameras around our necks). a twenty-first-century journey to an We returned the following day to eighteenth-century place—George imagine the same place in another Washington’s Mount Vernon. Driving time—Sarah Johnson’s Mount Vernon. up I-85, I-95, and Route 1 at sixty-five Sarah belonged to the nineteenth centu- miles an hour, we were decidedly mod- ry, not the eighteenth. Born in 1844, she FRONT ROW (L–R): Scott Casper, Bob Schildgen, ern pilgrims, a far cry from the nine- spent most of her first sixteen years there Eliza Robertson, Sarah Jain, Alexandra teenth-century Americans who took as a slave, then returned after the Civil Fiege-Ore; BACK ROW (L–R): Brenda Schildgen, Florence Minnis, Gary Macy, Mark Fiege, the steamboat from Washington, D.C., War as a free employee of the Mount Janet Ore, Saralynn Ferrara at one-sixth the speed. Vernon Ladies’ Association. Travelers place with “awe and reverence” (as James Today’s pilgrimage, the preferred term encountered her and other African Fenimore Cooper wrote), another clam- at Mount Vernon ever since George Americans as they walked the historic ored to sit in Washington’s chair in the Washington died there in 1799, is at grounds. In a way, black people were mansion or complained that the place once an odyssey in space and time. Mount Vernon’s first historical inter- was going to ruin. Curators, archaeologists, landscape gar- preters and salespeople, vending milk Our imaginative journey to nine- deners, and other scholars have worked and souvenirs and telling stories of teenth-century Mount Vernon challenged to recreate Washington’s surroundings as George Washington’s day. To white visi- both our preconceptions and today’s he knew and shaped them. Assistant tors of nostalgic imagination after the interpretation. All the verbal and visual Curator Gretchen Goodell led us on the Civil War, African Americans’ very pres- clues led to the Founding Father’s world. insider’s tour of the mansion, all the way ence conjured up the “days that are no Nobody explains that the Storehouse and to the cupola from which Washington, more” (and never had been). But black Clerk’s Quarters was once also Sarah his household, and his guests could see people were as likely to confound as to Johnson’s house, where she lived from the across the Potomac into Maryland. foster the illusion of the past. Before the late 1860s until 1892 and where she Ambling around the grounds, through Civil War, abolitionists lamented the raised her son. Nor do they explain that the gardens, and to Washington’s presence of “Slaves on the estate of the old kitchen was once a lunchroom tomb—or simply standing on his grand Washington!” because they knew that where Sarah and her husband sold visi- piazza and gazing across the river—it Washington had freed his own slaves. tors a fifty-cent meal of sandwiches and became possible to imagine the world Decades afterward, a white woman fruit—probably the first restaurant at an where the Father of his Country lived, wondered whether it would be illicit to American historic house museum—or walked, wrote, and commanded a house- take a pebble from the ground near that the kitchen utensils displayed today hold army of black slaves and white Washington’s tomb, when a black man were purchased around 1900, after Sarah hired servants. arrived with a wheelbarrow of gravel to had left Mount Vernon. The Mount Vernon Ladies’ dump on the very spot. He did this every Thoroughly postmodern pilgrims, Association, which bought Mount two weeks, he told her, so that tourists we came to see Mount Vernon as many Vernon in 1858 and owns and operates could have mementoes to carry away. “places in time” (or, more accurately, it to this day, fosters that imagination in To conjure up this other Mount many “times in place”), richer for evok- myriad ways. Some go subtly unan- Vernon, we stepped into the shoes and ing the other histories lived on the same nounced, like the eighteenth-century spoke the words of nineteenth-century grounds and in the same buildings after cooking utensils in the old family visitors, recorded in diaries, letters, and George Washington died. kitchen. Others are described by inter- magazine and newspaper articles. Theirs preters or on placards, like the boards was a time when more people experi- Contributor Scott Casper, the 2005–06 that explain the little “Storehouse and enced reverie and reverence at Research Triangle Foundation – Benjamin Clerk’s Quarters” building west of the Washington’s tomb, but also when many Duke Fellow, has spent his year at the mansion. All are designed to transport visitors had the same sightseeing impulse Center researching and writing a book on the visitor-pilgrim to a place in time— as today’s. For every visitor who Sarah Johnson and African-American life George Washington’s Mount Vernon— approached Washington’s final resting at Mount Vernon.

10 Kudos A sampling of good news from our Trustees and Fellows

Leslie M. (“Bud”) Baker, Jr. (Trustee) has Jenann Ismael (Fellow 2003–04) reports annually for the best article published been elected to the board of directors of that she has earned tenure at the in Environmental History. Mitman Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. University of Arizona. She has also won wrote the article, “In Search of Health: a five-year Queen Elizabeth II research Landscape and Disease in American Charles Capper (Fellow 1994–95) and fellowship at the University of Sydney Environmental History,” during his stay David Hollinger (Past Trustee) are the from the Australian Research Council. at the National Humanities Center. editors of the fifth edition of the two volumes of The American Intellectual Linda K. Kerber (Fellow 1990–91) now Karin Schutjer (Fellow 2004–05) has Tradition (Oxford University Press, serves as president of the American received the Max Kade Award for the 2005). Capper, with Anthony La Vopa Historical Association; she will offer the Best Article in German Quarterly for (Fellow 1983–84 and 1998–99) and presidential address at the AHA’s annual “Beyond the Wandering Jew: Anti- Nicholas T. Phillipson, is also the editor meeting in Atlanta, January 4–7, 2007. Semitism and Narrative Supersession in of Modern Intellectual History, a journal During the 2006–07 academic year she Goethe’s Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahre.” launched in 2004. will be Harmsworth Professor of History German Quarterly is published by the at Oxford University. American Association of Teachers of Blair Effron (Trustee Emeritus) has joined German and is the leading organ for the board of directors of the Foundation Martin V. Melosi (Fellow 1982–83) is the German studies in the United States. for the National Archives. 2004–05 recipient of the Ester Farfel Award at the University of Houston. The Karl M. von der Heyden (Trustee) has Aline Helg (Fellow 2000–01) was award- Farfel Award is the highest honor that been elected to serve on DreamWorks ed the 2005 John Edwin Fagg Prize of the university can bestow on a faculty Animation’s Board of Directors. the Association of American Historians member, and is given for career excel- for the best publication in the history of Ding Xing Warner (Fellow 2004–05) has lence in research, teaching, and service. Spain, Portugal, or Latin America in the been awarded tenure as a member of last ten years for her book Liberty and Gregg Mitman (Fellow 2004–05) has won Cornell University's East Asian Equality in Caribbean Colombia, the Aldo Leopold-Ralph W. Hidy Award Literature faculty. 1770–1835 (University of North from the American Society for Environ- Carolina Press, 2004). mental History. The award is given

2006 Lyman Award Winner continued from page 5

Of all the benefits that the Lyman University from 1970–80 and of the at the University of Virginia; Roy Award confers, McCarty says he is most Rockefeller Foundation from 1980–88, Rosenzweig, College of Arts and excited about the new attention that it and is made possible through the gen- Sciences Distinguished Professor of brings to the field of humanities com- erosity of the Rockefeller Foundation. History and Cultural Studies and puting as a whole. Recipients receive awards of $25,000. director of the Center for History “Overall, my passion has been to deal Past winners of the Lyman Award and New Media at George Mason with some large-scale questions about include: John Unsworth, dean of the University; and, most recently, Robert what we are doing with computing,” Graduate School of Library and K. Englund, professor of Near Eastern says McCarty. Winning the Lyman Information Science at the University Languages and Cultures and principal Award, he hopes, will cast new light of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and investigator for the Cuneiform Digital on both the practical and the theoretical founding director of the Institute for Library Initiative at the University of side of the digital humanities. Advanced Technology in the Humanities California at Los Angeles. at the University of Virginia; Jerome For more about McCarty THE RICHARD W. LYMAN McGann, John Stewart Bryan University and the Lyman Award, visit AWARD Professor and editor of The Complete http://www.nhc.rtp.nc.us/lymanaward/ The Lyman Award honors Richard W. Writings and Pictures of Dante Gabriel lymanaward.htm. Lyman, who was president of Stanford Rossetti: A Hypermedia Research Archive

11 Recent Books by Fellows

Bilinkoff, Jodi (Andrew W. Mellon Fellow Jelavich, Peter (NEH Fellow 1997–98). University of Wisconsin Press for 1999–2000). Related Lives: Confessors Berlin Alexanderplatz: Radio, Film, and the Max Kade Institute for German- and Their Female Penitents, 1450–1750. the Death of Weimar Culture. Weimar American Studies and the Center for the Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2005. and Now: German Cultural Criticism Study of Upper Midwestern Cultures, 37. Berkeley: University of California University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2004. Breines, Winifred (Rockefeller Fellow Press, 2006. 2001–02). The Trouble Between Us: Peck, Linda Levy (Delta Delta Delta An Uneasy History of White and Black Kennedy, Elizabeth Lapovsky (Rockefeller Fellow 1991–92). Consuming Splendor: Women in the Feminist Movement. Fellow 2003–04), ed. Women’s Studies for Society and Culture in Seventeenth- Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. the Future: Foundations, Interrogations, Century England. Cambridge: Politics. Edited by Elizabeth Lapovsky Cambridge University Press, 2005. Caton, Steven C. (National Endowment Kennedy and Agatha Beins. New for the Humanities Fellow 1992–93). Pomata, Gianna (Lilly Fellow in Religion Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Yemen Chronicle: An Anthropology of and the Humanities 2003–04), ed. Press, 2005. War and Mediation. New York: Hill Historia: Empiricism and Erudition in and Wang, 2005. Moore, Robin D. (William J. Bouwsma Early Modern Europe. Edited by Gianna Fellow 2004–05). Music and Revolution: Pomata and Nancy G. Siraisi. Cole, Susan Guettel (Fellow 1996–97). Cultural Change in Socialist Cuba. Music Transformations: Studies in the History Landscapes, Gender, and Ritual Space: of the African Diaspora 9. Berkeley: of Science and Technology. Cambridge, The Ancient Greek Experience. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006. Mass.: MIT Press, 2005. University of California Press, 2004. Peacock, James (John G. Medlin, Jr., _____, ed. I monasteri femminili come Fasolt, Constantin (Delmas Fellow Fellow 2003–04), ed. Regionalism in centri di cultura fra Rinascimento e 1996–97), ed. and trans. Hermann the Age of Globalism. Vol. 1: Concepts Barocco: Atti del convegno storico inter- Conring’s “New Discourse on the of Regionalism. Edited by Lothar nazionale, Bologna, 8–10 dicembre 2000. Roman-German Emperor.” Medieval Hönnighausen, Marc Frey, James Edited by Gianna Pomata and Gabriella and Renaissance Texts and Studies, Peacock, and Niklaus Steiner. Madison: Zarri. Biblioteca di storia sociale 33. vol. 282. Neo-Latin Texts and Trans- distributed by University of Wisconsin Roma: Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura, lations. Tempe: Arizona Center for Press for the Max Kade Institute for 2005. Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2005. German-American Studies and the Reginster, Bernard (NEH Fellow Ferguson, Frances (GlaxoSmithKline Center for the Study of Upper 1999–2000). The Affirmation of Life: Senior Fellow 2003–04), ed. The Midwestern Cultures, University Nietzsche on Overcoming Nihilism. Wordsworthian Enlightenment: Romantic of Wisconsin-Madison, 2004. Harvard University Press, 2006. Poetry and the Ecology of Reading: Essays _____, ed. Regionalism in the Age of in Honor of Geoffrey Hartman. Edited Robinson, Jenefer (NEH Fellow Globalism. Vol. 2: Forms of Regionalism. by Helen Regueiro Elam and Frances 2002–03). Deeper Than Reason: Emotion Edited by James Peacock, Lothar Ferguson. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins and Its Role in Literature, Music, and Art. Hönnighausen, Anke Ortlepp, and University Press, 2005. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2005. Niklaus Steiner. Madison: distributed by

continued at right

12 In Memoriam

Lance G. Banning (Fellow, 1986–87) Kingdom (1984), the University of Louis J. Hector (Former Trustee) died died Jan. 31, 2006, at the age of 64. A Missouri-Columbia (1986–93), Yale Nov. 19, 2005, one month shy of his professor of history at the University of University (1998), and the University ninetieth birthday. A graduate of the Kentucky since 1973, Banning was an of Connecticut (1993–2005). The Yale Law School and a former Rhodes internationally known scholar in the daughter of storekeepers Alvin and Scholar, Hector had been a senior part- history of the American Revolution Lorraine Porter, Benson was born in ner in the Miami-based law firm, Steel and the U.S. Constitution. A book he Washington, Pennsylvania, on July 26, Hector & Davis. He advised corporate worked on as a fellow at the Center, 1943. She graduated from Simmons executives, educators, philanthropists, The Sacred Fire of Liberty: James Madison College in 1964, and earned a master’s and U.S. presidents, and was active in and the Founding of the Federal Republic, degree from Brown University in 1968. government and the formulation of pub- was a Pulitzer Prize finalist. His first She began teaching at Bristol Com- lic policy, having served on the Civil book, The Jeffersonian Persuasion: munity College that same year. She Aeronautics Board and the Council Evolution of a Party Ideology, was nomi- took leave to do labor education for of the National Endowment for the nated for a Pulitzer. During his distin- the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Humanities. Hector’s enthusiasm for guished career, Banning earned a Senior Workers Union, funded by a grant from basic science encouraged Lucille P. Fulbright appointment at the University the National Endowment for the Markey to become a benefactor of many of Groningen, The Netherlands, and Humanities. Porter Benson earned a research institutions. Following Mrs. was Leverhulme Visiting Professor at Ph.D. in History from Boston Univer- Markey’s death, he was instrumental the University of Edinburgh. He sity in 1983. She helped found a cooper- in establishing the Lucille P. Markey received a presidential appointment to ative household on Hope Street in Charitable Trust as an organization the James Madison Memorial Fellow- Providence, Rhode Island, a haven dedicated to the advancement of ship Foundation. At the University of for aspiring historians. biomedical research. Kentucky, he was named Distinguished George Mills Harper (Fellow, 1981–82) Phoebe Lloyd (Fellow 1984–85) died Professor in the College of Arts and professor emeritus of English literature Nov. 30, 2005. Lloyd taught in the Sciences and was the Hallam Professor at Florida State University, died Jan. 29, School of Art at Texas Tech University in the history department. Prior to 2006. He was a Robert O. Lawton for the last twelve years of her life. coming to UK, Dr. Banning was a Distinguished Professor of English at Earlier in her career she taught art lecturer and executive director of the FSU. He previously served as professor history at Randolph-Macon Woman’s American Civilization Program at Brown and dean of the College of Arts and College, Moore College of Art, the University, 1971–73. He graduated with Sciences at Virginia Tech and chair- University of Pennsylvania, Parsons a bachelor’s degree at the University of man of the English departments at the School of Design, and Temple Univer- Missouri at Kansas City, and earned his University of Florida and the University sity. Lloyd conducted her undergraduate master’s degree and Ph.D. from of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Mills studies at Columbia University and Washington University in St. Louis. was an author and editor of twelve Smith College, received a master’s degree Susan Porter Benson (Fellow 1992–93) books, primarily concerning the Irish in art history at Hunter College of the died at home in Manchester, Connecticut, poet William Butler Yeats. He received City University of New York, and earned on June 20, 2005. She had taught at an Honorary Doctorate of Letters from a Ph.D. from the Graduate Center of Bristol Community College (1968–86), Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, for his the City University of New York. She the University of Warwick, United contributions to Yeats studies. had nearly completed a new book, Raphaelle Peale Because of Himself, at the time of her death. Books continued from left

Rogers, Kim Lacy (Rockefeller Fellow Sommer, Piotr (Hurford Family Fellow Von Eschen, Penny M. (Rockefeller Fellow 1999–2000). Life and Death in the 2004–05). Continued. Translated by 1996–97). Satchmo Blows Up the World: Delta: African American Narratives of Halina Janod et al. Wesleyan Poetry. Jazz Ambassadors Play the Cold War. Violence, Resilience, and Social Change. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. University Press, 2005. Press, 2004. First runner-up for the John Hope Franklin Publication Prize of the Siegel, Jonah (NEH Fellow 1998–99). Thomassen, Einar (Fellow 1999–2000). American Studies Association, 2005. Haunted Museum: Longing, Travel, and The Spiritual Seed: The Church of the the Art-Romance Tradition. Princeton: “Valentinians.” Nag Hammadi and Princeton University Press, 2005. Manichaean Studies, vol. 60. Leiden: Brill, 2006. 13 Kinzie continued from page 1 together of things that could be much the side roads that go off in the wrong tive. It’s not that prose is less metaphori- shorter. There has to be a felt necessity. direction, before I figure out what it is I cal than poetry, because some prose is The meditation called “The Poems I Am want to say. chock-full, or that metaphors in prose Not Writing” is on the face of it a medi- are always illustrative and in poetry tation in prose. What I’m trying to do Once you have traveled those side roads, they’re always dramatic. You can’t make how do you know when you have arrived there is see whether I can reach a num- generalizations like that. But language at a poem? ber of different points at which prose reflects on itself to create its own center Well, there are two answers to that breaks open and becomes poetry. One of in poetry. I would define poetry as the question. One is the answer that I give the ways it does so is by needing to turn art of resemblance, controlled in time. as an artist, which is, I just know. The into a short-line poem in the middle of Controlling it in time and controlling second is the answer that I would give in the prose meditation. But another way is the reader’s consciousness of living in a seminar, which would try to get people by meditating in a highly metaphorical time according to different schedules is thinking about the difference between and intensely dramatized way. So there very important. Every period of poetic something that moves forward and are various kinds of hurdles and release- points in that meditation.

At the Center you have been working on The last crucial a continuation of “The Poems I Am Not Writing” called “Knot and Rubble.” You change in the have also spent time thinking about California and T. S. Eliot’s longtime lover. sonnet, a huge I’m fifteen pages into a series of poems that reflect on California. I’ve change, was been thinking about Emily Hale, the love of T. S. Eliot’s life, whom he kept effected by W. H. on a string for forty years or more. She was “the lady of silences”; she was “the Auden, who hyacinth girl”; she turns up in his poetry frequently. In the early nineteen-thirties used sonnets she was teaching temporarily at Scripps and sonnet cycles in Claremont, and he came all the way across the country by train to visit her to argue about there. I’m thinking about that moment when he might have come forward to politics, culture, propose that he divorce Vivienne, who was insane, and marry her, but he didn’t and history. have the moral stamina to do that. So there’s something very bittersweet about something that moves in a circular or artistry presents some features that stand that meeting. It was an interlude out of elliptical fashion. Because prose comes in the way or trip you or are extraneous. time. That was the start of my thinking from “prorsus,” which means “for- It’s almost essential that the poet have about California. But now I’m working ward”—forward narration, forward something to struggle against. Unless on a part of this poem about pollution movement. Poetry, however much it you have something that resists you, you in California and how appalling it smells might rely on logic, on narration, on don’t have anything to leap over. when you get off the plane in the air- things that move from the present to the port nearest where my daughter goes to future, from point A to point B, still dif- school. I’ve been reading about the vari- When did you start writing poetry? fers from prose in having a retrograde When I began teaching. The only way ous petrochemical sources of this smell orbit. The reason it’s hard to identify it and how they’re building up. I don’t I was able to understand the couplet or as different or to become conscious of it terza rima was by writing in those forms. know how much of what I’ve been as different is that poetry shares its lan- reading is going to work its way into And the only way to move inside the guage with prose. It uses the same lan- forms was, for me at least, to imitate the eventual poem, but it’s as if I have to guage that prose does, but it doesn’t use walk all the way around it, even down all it the same way or with the same objec- continued at right

14 Kinzie continued from left others who wrote in them. To imitate stages pick up different models. The Byron’s stanzas or Wyatt’s, so that I people I’m reading now and feel most would get a sense of what any one form spurred by are not the people I was read- was capable of doing in the past and ing five years ago or ten years ago. It’s what it might be used for in the present. important to move on, and also to Part of what makes a past a tradition is return to the people who were important the thematic use of poetic form. Take to you in the past, when you can see the case of the sonnet, which begins as a them in a new light, and when they reflection of a spiritual experience, but in speak differently to you, or when you secular terms. That’s what was taken over see their verbs and not their nouns. by Spenser into English. Then the secu- lar part of it begins to dominate and At the Center you have had a year off from running Northwestern’s writing that’s what you have in Shakespeare. But program, and yet when the fellows ap- another twist occurs with John Donne, proached you about leading a seminar, who used the sonnet almost exclusively you went back to work. to reflect the experience of religious One or two of the fellows were saying despair. And then there are other major that they really enjoyed thinking about changes, such as, for example, the huge how to write like that, whatever the alteration by the Romantics, Coleridge “that” was, and asked me how I did it. and Wordsworth, when the sonnet I said, well, there’s no one way to do it. became the medium of looking at the What’s important is that you know landscape, and seeing the numinous life enough about the background of verse to force in the natural world. The last cru- know what any example of it is attempt- cial change in the sonnet, a huge change, ing to do. So that’s how it came about. I was effected by W. H. Auden, who used would say that I’ve never taught a group sonnets and sonnet cycles to argue about which had so deep and wide a variety of politics, culture, and history. For each of grounding in all kinds of cultural disci- those changes, the sonnet had to change, plines. I’ve never taught such intelligent as it were, its “language,” even though it people! But at the same time, not very still is the only form in English that is many of them have had experience with, freestanding in so few lines, and which or have come to terms with, what it has its own built-in shape of argument. means to write poetry. It gives me a lot of pleasure to help people to understand We have talked a lot about form, but things that they can take off and use, what about emotion? not so much to write as to read. I’m There is no way to pay homage to the much more interested in training readers past, to reflect upon your learning, in a than I am in training writers. A lot of News of the National Humanities Center poem that’s worth anything, if it doesn’t people freeze when they see verse. I have an emotional center. I don’t think is published twice a year think by taking it a little bit slow, and and distributed to friends of the National poetry has to be gut-wrenching to be Humanities Center. breaking it down—learning what lines good. But I certainly know a lot of poet- Josh Bond, Director of Development, Editor do to you as a reader—it’s possible to ry that is gut-wrenching that I admire David B. Rice, smooth the way into the reading Contributing Writer and a lot of poetry that’s gut-wrenching experience. Karen Carroll, Copyeditor and god-awful. Emotion is not necessary Sarah Payne, Assistant Director for To hear Mary Kinzie reading a for every good poem, but I find that the Donor Relations selection of her poetry, please visit Martha Johnson, Executive Assistant for poetry I care most about has a strong Communications and Development www.nhc.rtp.nc.us/newsletter/. element of that investment. I think Linda Morgan, Website Administrator

Wallace Stevens has it, but he’s not 7 Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12256 everybody’s idea of an emotional poet; Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2256 tel 919-549-0661, fax 919-990-8535 he’s certainly not confessional. I also www.nhc.rtp.nc.us think that different poets at different Book jackets reproduced by permission of the publishers. Design: Lesley Landis Designs Photos: Ron Jautz, Kent Mullikin, Dav Robertson

15 Education Summer Programs

Jessie Ball DuPont Summer Seminars Anthropology and Director of the Folklife Program European Constitutional and Administrative Law, for Liberal Arts College Faculty at The George Washington University University of Hannover, Germany; Paul W. Kahn, Robert W. Winner Professor of Law and June 4–June 23, National Humanities Center Part II: 1915–1968 Trudier Harris (Fellow 1996–97), J. Carlyle Humanities, Director of the Orville H. Schell, Jr. "Turning Literature Into Film: The Poetics Center for International Human Rights, Yale Law and Politics of Adaptation" Sitterson Professor of English, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Richard J. Powell (Fellow School Joseph Luzzi (National Endowment for the 1995–96), John Spenser Bassett Professor of July 31–August 11, Princeton University Humanities Fellow 2004–05), Assistant Professor Art History, Duke University; Stephanie J. Shaw Hierarchy, Marginality, and Ethnicity in of Italian; Director, Italian Program, Bard College (National Endowment for the Humanities Fellow Muslim Societies (7th Century to the "Going Global: Environmental History and 1995–96), Associate Professor, Department of Second World War) the Exchange of Animals, Plants, and History, The Ohio State University Mark R. Cohen, Professor of Near Eastern Ideas" Studies, Princeton University; Gudrun Krämer, Harriet Ritvo (Research Triangle Foundation- Professor of Islamic Studies, Institute of Islamic Walter Hines Page Fellow 1989–90; John D. Summer Institutes in Literary Studies Studies, Free University, Berlin and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Fellow for College and University Faculty 2002–03), Arthur J. Conner Professor of History, July 9-14, National Humanities Center Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Mart Professional Development Seminars, George Eliot’s Middlemarch Catherine Stewart (John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Based on Online Seminar Toolboxes Gallagher (Archie K. Davis Fellow 2005–06), Foundation Fellow 2002–03), Professor, Eggers Professor of English, University of Living the Revolution: America, 1789–1820 Department of History and Affiliate Professor, California, Berkeley Northwestern Educational Consortium, Thief River Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Falls, MN Western Washington University Herman Melville’s Short Fiction; “Bartleby, the Scrivener,” Benito Cereno, and Billy The Making of African American Identity Budd Andrew Delbanco (Mellon Fellow 1990–91; Northwestern Educational Consortium, Thief River Summer Institutes for High School Lilly Fellow 2002–03), Director of American Falls, MN, and Roanoke Rapids Graded School Teachers of History, Literature and Art Studies and Julian Clarence Levi Professor in the District, NC June 25–July 7, National Humanities Center Humanities, Columbia University The Gilded and the Gritty: America. 1870–1912 "The Making of African-American Identity" Caldwell County, NC, and Horry County, SC Part I: 1619-1865 SIAS Summer Institutes William L. Andrews, E. Maynard Adams Professor The Triumph of Nationalism/The House July 24–August 4, Wissenschaftskolleg of English, University of North Carolina at Chapel Dividing: America 1815–1850 zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany Hill; Colin A. Palmer (Fellow 1989–90), Dodge Cleveland County, NC, and Horry County, SC Professor of History, Princeton University; John The Political: Law, Culture, Theology Michael Vlach, Professor of American Studies and Ulrich Haltern, Professor and Chair of German and

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