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Climate Change and Human Mobility in Indigenous Communities of the Russian North
Climate Change and Human Mobility in Indigenous Communities of the Russian North January 30, 2013 Susan A. Crate George Mason University Cover image: Winifried K. Dallmann, Norwegian Polar Institute. http://www.arctic-council.org/index.php/en/about/maps. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................................... i Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................ ii 1. Introduction and Purpose ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Focus of paper and author’s approach................................................................................... 2 1.2 Human mobility in the Russian North: Physical and Cultural Forces .................................. 3 1.2.1 Mobility as the Historical Rule in the Circumpolar North ............................................. 3 1.2.2. Changing the Rules: Mobility and Migration in the Russian and Soviet North ............ 4 1.2.3 Peoples of the Russian North .......................................................................................... 7 1.2.4 The contemporary state: changes affecting livelihoods ................................................. 8 2. Overview of the physical science: actual and potential effects of climate change in the Russian North .............................................................................................................................................. -
Tundra Yukagir (TY) Is Spoken in the Northeast of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia, Russian Federation), Between the Lower Indigirka and the Lower Kolyma
VOICES FROM TUNDRA AND TAIGA TTUUNNDDRRAA YYUUKKAAGGIIRR a nearly extinct Paleo-Asian Isolate in Arctic Russia: a Collection on CD/DVD of Linguistic and Folkloristic Materials of the Language and Culture of a Siberian People for Documentation, Education and Safeguarding for Posterity Cecilia Odé Mark Schmalz Kees Hengeveld Research project March 2009 - March 2012 University of Amsterdam financially supported by Background Tundra Yukagir (TY) is spoken in the northeast of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia, Russian Federation), between the lower Indigirka and the lower Kolyma. The population is approximately 700, but at present the number of good speakers is dramatically low with some 50 people still speaking their mother tongue properly. Most TY speakers are fluent in Russian and Yakut, and in at least one of the indigenous languages of the area: Chukchi, Evenki and Even. In the village of Andryushkino where most TY live, the language is hardly spoken anymore, and TY parents and language teachers blame themselves for not passing TY on to their children. In school children learn their native language and about the indigenous cultures of local peoples. Folkloristic festivals are frequently held in which villagers, young and old, participate. The general attitude is positive towards language revival. Language context The Tundra Yukagir language belongs to the group of Paleo-Asian languages (Nikolaeva & Khelimsky, 1997). Two Yukagir languages exist, southern (Kolyma) and northern (Tundra) Yukagir, that are not mutually intelligible, and probably form an isolated language family. The only available, but incomplete TY grammars are Kreinovich (1958, 1982) and Kurilov (2006), and a sketch with texts by Maslova (2003); a collection of texts with glosses and English translation is Maslova (2001). -
Fur Animal Hunting of the Indigenous People in the Russian Far East: History, Technology, and Economic Effects
FUR ANIMAL HUNTING OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST: HISTORY, TECHNOLOGY, AND ECONOMIC EFFECTS Shirou Sasaki 1 1. Who are the Indigenous People of the Russian Far East? A general definition of “indigenous people” does not exist. Therefore, I focused on “the indigenous people of Far East Russia” in this report. “Far East Russia” is defined by the administration of the present Russian Federation as the region consisting of the Republic of Sakha, Amur region, Magadan region, Kamchatka region, Sakahlin region, Chukchi autonomous district, Koryak autonomous district, Khabarovsk region, and the Primor’e region. “The indigenous people” in these regions are the inhabitants who have lived there since before the 17th century when the Russians invaded Siberia and the Far East. When referring to the Primor’e and Sakhalin regions and the southern part of the Khabarovsk region, we are speaking of the inhabitants who have lived there since before the Beijing Treaty of 1860. Their descendants are divided into the administrative categories of Natsiya and Narodnost’. The authorized Natsiya and Narodnost’ are Yakut (Sakha), Dolgan, Evenki, Even, Chukchi, Koryak, Itel'men, Yukagir, Nivkh, Nanai, Ul'chi, Orochi, Udehe, Orok (Uilta). Interestingly, most of them speak Russian as their mother tongue, even the people who are authorized as Narodnost’ on their family registration. Mixed marriages among them or with Russians has prevented the preservation of their unique genetic heritage. Because it is very difficult to describe the many kinds of people living in such a vast area at once, I will first introduce the ancestors of the Udehe and the Nanai who live the closest to Japan. -
On the Ethnonym «Even»
Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences 5 (2013 6) 707-712 ~ ~ ~ УДК 811.512 On the Ethnonym «Even» Grigory D. Belolyubskiy* Topolinsk Secondary School Tomponsky District of the Sakha Republic Received 25.12.2012, received in revised form 10.01.2013, accepted 20.03.2013 The article describes the ethnonym of the word “Even”. It analyzes the concept of the ethnonym in the context of classical and contemporary theories of ethnogenesis. The ethnonym “Even” is studied in the historical dynamics typical of the Even people in the 19-21 centuries. Keywords: ethnonym, Even, ethnogenesis, the indigenous minorities of the North, Siberia and the Far East. The work was fulfilled within the framework of the research financed by the Krasnoyarsk Regional Foundation of Research and Technology Development Support and in accordance with the course schedule of Siberian Federal University as assigned by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. The word “ethnos” in the ancient Greek defined the essence of people that is based on one language had several meanings, including – the or more of the following social relations: common people, family, group of people, foreign tribe, descent, language, territory, nationality, economic pagans. ties, cultural background, religion ( if present)”. In the 19th century it was used in the meaning On this basis it should be assumed that the ethno- of “the people”. According to a definition of the differentiative core distinguishing ethnos from famous German ethnologist A. Bastian the word the others may be the following symptoms, “ethnic” is a culturally specific appearance of the such as language, values and norms, historical people. -
Health-Related Effects of Food and Nutrition Security: an Evidence of the Northern Communities in Russia
WBJAERD, Vol. 1, No. 1 (1-84), January - June, 2019 HEALTH-RELATED EFFECTS OF FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY: AN EVIDENCE OF THE NORTHERN COMMUNITIES IN RUSSIA Vasilii Erokhin1 Abstract In the Arctic, anthropogenic pressure on the environment and progressing climate change bring together concerns over the effects of food consumption patterns on the health of the population. The goal of this study is to contribute to the development of a unified approach to revealing those effects and measuring healthy nutrition applicable across various types of circumpolar territories, populations, and consumption behavior. By applying the Delphi approach, the author builds a set of parameters along four pillars of food and nutrition security (FNS) and applied it to eight territories of the Russian Arctic. The linkages between FNS status and health are recognized by employing multiple regression analysis on the incidence rates of nutritional and metabolic disorders and diseases of the digestive system. The analysis involves: (1) urban agglomerations with prevalence of marketed food; (2) high-polluted industrial sites; (3) habitats of indigenous reindeer herders (meat- based diet); (4) coastal indigenous communities (fish-based diet). The study finds that, in Type 1 and 2 territories, health disorders are caused by poor quality of water, lack of proteins, vitamins, and minerals, and increasing share of marketed food in the diets. In Type 3 and 4 territories, higher reliance on traditional food results in lower incidence rates. Key words: Arctic, environment, food security, nutrition, rural areas, urban agglomerations. JEL2: I19, Q19 Introduction Exposure to long-range transported industrial chemicals, climate change, and diseases pose a risk to the overall health and populations of Arctic wildlife (Sonne et al., 2017) and human health in the Arctic region. -
Linguistic Representation of the Concept of Person in the Russian Sub-Dialects of Yakutian Old-Timers
Opción, Año 35, Especial No.19 (2019): 315-3032 ISSN 1012-1587/ISSNe: 2477-9385 Linguistic Representation of The Concept of Person in The Russian Sub-Dialects of Yakutian Old-Timers Galina Egorovna Zhondorova M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia Abstract. This article studies some aspects of the linguistic worldview of the Yakutian old-timers and reveals the concept of person. Since the early 17th century, the Russian old-timers have been allegedly living among foreign languages in the Arctic territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) which is the largest subject of the Russian Federation. Old-timers are the oldest group of the Russian population living in Siberia. The study is based on the folklo- re and dialectal materials collected from representatives of this ethnic group and reflected in the "Dictionary of the Russian sub-dialects of the Yakutian old-timers". The authors of the article focus on the structure of the person concept, description of its main characteristics and identification of specific linguistic representation in the Russian sub-dialects used by old-timers. The semantics of this concept is closely connected with the peculiar lifestyle of the Yakutian old-timers. Keywords: concept, linguistic representation, sub-dialect, old-timer, natio- nal specifics, linguistic worldview, some aspects of linguistic worldview. Representación lingüística del concepto de persona en los sub-dialectos rusos de los veteranos yakutianos 3016 Galina Egorovna Zhondorova Opción, Año 35, Especial No.19 (2019): 3015-3032 Resumen Resumen. Este artículo estudia algunos aspectos de la cosmovisión lingüísti- ca de los veteranos yakutianos y revela el concepto de persona. -
Indigenous Peoples in the Russian Federation
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Johannes Rohr Report 18 IWGIA – 2014 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Copyright: IWGIA Author: Johannes Rohr Editor: Diana Vinding and Kathrin Wessendorf Proofreading: Elaine Bolton Cover design and layout: Jorge Monrás Cover photo: Sakhalin: Indigenous ceremony opposite to oil facilities. Photographer: Wolfgang Blümel Prepress and print: Electronic copy only Hurridocs Cip data Title: IWGIA Report 18: Indigenous Peoples in the Russian Federation Author: Johannes Rohr Editor: Diana Vinding and Kathrin Wessendorf Number of pages: 69 ISBN: 978-87-92786-49-4 Language: English Index: 1. Indigenous peoples – 2. Human rights Geographical area: Russian Federation Date of publication: 2014 INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS Classensgade 11 E, DK 2100 - Copenhagen, Denmark Tel: (45) 35 27 05 00 - Fax: (45) 35 27 05 07 E-mail: [email protected] - Web: www.iwgia.org This report has been prepared and published with the financial support of the Foreign Ministry of Denmark through its Neighbourhood programme. CONTENTS Introduction................................................................................................................................................................. 8 1 The indigenous peoples of the north ................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Matters of definition ......................................................................................................................................... -
YMJ-4-2015-En.Pdf
CONTENTS Original Researches Kurtanov H.A., Danilova A.L., Yakovleva A.E., Gerasimova V.V., Savvina A.D., Maksimova N.R. Molecular and genetic testing of HLA II class genes in celiac disease patients in Yakutia Bashirov E.V., Dedu T.V., Duglas N.I. The outcomes of different organ preserving treatment of uterine fibroids Khanzadyan M.L., Demura T.A., Polina M.L. The characteristics of the connective tissue of the pelvic floor at the collapse of the genitals Gasanova B.M., Duglas N. I. Features of cytokine status of pregnant women with chronic pyelonephritis, depending on the placenta morphological characteristics Vakhnenko A.A., Skurikhina V.P., Masalskaya E.V., Dolbnya N.R., Danilova A.I., Skurikhina N.N., Bataeva V.V. Diseases of the biliary system in patients with overweight Timofeeva A.V., Mikhailova A.E., Zakharova R.N., Vinokurova S.P., Klimova T.M., Fedorova V.I., Baltakhinova M.E., Fedorov A.I. The functional state of the cardiovascular system of the NEFU named after M.K. Ammosov the I course students - girls Dorovskikh V.A., Lee O.N., Simonova N.V., Shtarberg M.A., Bugreeva T.A. Remaxol in correction of lipid peroxidation of biological membranes induced by cold exposure Korkin A.L., Hasanova S.V. The incidence of ulcerogenesis exogenous factors in patients with newly diagnosed stomach ulcers, complicated with bleeding and perforations Vinokurov M.M., Savelyev V.V., Gogolev N.M., Yalynskaya T.V. Two-level immunocorrection therapy of acute destructive pancreatitis in a multidisciplinary surgical hospital The methods of diagnostics and treatment Vasiliev S.P., Pavlov R.N. -
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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 364 International Conference on Sustainable Development of Cross-Border Regions: Economic, Social and Security Challenges (ICSDCBR 2019) Socio-economic development of the Arctic border regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) N Melnikova1* and N Fedorova1 1 M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, 58 Belinsky str., Yakutsk 677027 Russia E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The article attempts to comprehensively study the current state of socio-economic development of the Arctic border regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), taking into account economic and socio-psychological factors. A general assessment of the living conditions of the population, taking into account the main socio-economic indicators in the development of the five arctic cross-border regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and based on interviews, observation, and questioning, showed an increase in the level of people’s discontent. The adoption of urgent measures at the state and regional levels of government, aimed at the development of not only productive but also social capital of the Arctic, is necessary. Keywords: socio-economic development, Arctic border regions, ulus, indicators 1. Introduction The socio-economic development of the Arctic border regions of the Russian Federation is characterized by the primary development of the mining industry, obsolescence of the material and technical base of social institutions, changes in people’s attitudes towards traditional forms of environmental management and the outflow of the population [4, 5]. Intensive growth in mining operations in selected Arctic areas contributes to increased investment in transport and energy infrastructure. However, the local population, mainly engaged in the sphere of state and municipal administration, budgetary organizations and agriculture, does not associate their future with the development of this industry. -
Benefit Sharing in the Arctic • Maria Tysiachniouk, Andrey N
Benefit Sharing in the Arctic • Maria Tysiachniouk, Andrey N. • Maria Petrov Tysiachniouk, and Violetta Gassiy Benefit Sharing in the Arctic Extractive Industries and Arctic People Edited by Maria Tysiachniouk, Andrey N. Petrov and Violetta Gassiy Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Resources www.mdpi.com/journal/resources Benefit Sharing in the Arctic Benefit Sharing in the Arctic Extractive Industries and Arctic People Special Issue Editors Maria Tysiachniouk Andrey N Petrov Violetta Gassiy MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Manchester • Tokyo • Cluj • Tianjin Special Issue Editors Maria Tysiachniouk Andrey N Petrov Centre for Independent Social Research University of Northern Iowa Russia USA Violetta Gassiy Kuban State University Russia Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Resources (ISSN 2079-9276) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/resources/special issues/industry people). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03936-164-9 (Hbk) ISBN 978-3-03936-165-6 (PDF) Cover image courtesy of Maria Tysiachniouk, Andrey N. Petrov and Violetta Gassiy. c 2020 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. -
Wetlands in Russia
WETLANDS IN RUSSIA Volume 4 Wetlands in Northeastern Russia Compiled by A.V.Andreev Moscow 2004 © Wetlands International, 2004 All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism, or review (as permitted under the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988) no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the copyright holder. The production of this publication has been generously supported by the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, The Netherlands Citation: Andreev, A.V. 2004. Wetlands in Russia, Volume 4: Wetlands in Northeastern Russia. Wetlands International–Russia Programme.198 pp. ISBN 90-5882-024-6 Editorial Board: V.O.Avdanin, V.G.Vinogradov, V.Yu. Iliashenko, I.E.Kamennova, V.G.Krivenko, V.A.Orlov, V.S.Ostapenko, V.E.Flint Translation: Yu.V.Morozov Editing of English text: D. Engelbrecht Layout: M.A.Kiryushkin Cover photograph: A.V.Andreev Designed and produced by KMK Scientific Press Available from: Wetlands International-Russia Programme Nikoloyamskaya Ulitsa, 19, stroeniye 3 Moscow 109240, Russia Fax: + 7 095 7270938; E-mail: [email protected] The presentation of material in this publication and the geographical designations employed do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Wetlands International, concerning the legal status of any territory or area, -
It Is Believed That to Preserve Purity of Water It Is Sufficient Not to Discharge
“Moscow is my Motherland 55 and will remain so forever: I was born there and there I suffered a lot and there I was too happy.” These are the words written by our great poet Mikhail Lermontov about the years spent in the old capital— a short but very significant period for his creative work. It is believed that to preserve purity of water 37 it is sufficient not to discharge contaminants into reservoirs in the quantities exceeding the limits of the permissible level. Studies carried on by scientists from the Moscow State University show that these priorities are insufficient for securing ecological safety of water supply sources. In the 1760s-1770s a group of scientists 75 headed by Peter Simon Pallas carried on a project unprecedented by the scale of works and involved territory—described a great number of Russian regions, including geological, mineralogical, animal and plant resources, historical, socio-economic and ethnographic peculiarities. No. 5 (203) 2014 CONTENTS According to archeological findings approximately SEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 30-35 thous. years ago hunting Magnetohydrodynamics: From Galaxies to Problems tribes reached Arctic latitudes of Metallurgy, P. Frik .......................................................... 4 of Siberia. Extreme natural Predator As a Universal Breeder, conditions made people A. Severtsov, A. Shubkina ..............................................11 actively search for new means The Secret of the Nineteenth Layer: Listvenka Site, of procuring food. As a result Ye. Akimova ................................................................... 18 they could pay attention to wolves, who, as is well known, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION use group driving-in hunting From the Infrared Region to Terahertzes, V. Shiryaev ......... 30 for animals. Presumably primitive man managed to domesticate TALKING POINTS the wolf, thus acquiring a reliable Quality of Water: New Criteria, S.