Symposium Emerging Threats for Human Health Impact of Socioeconomic and Climate Change on Zoonotic Diseases

August 13, 2018 in Yakutsk Program and Abstract Book

© Svetlana Khatylaeva

https://health.uni-hohenheim.de Table of Contents Emerging Threats for Human Health Impact of Socioeconomic and Climate Change on Zoonotic Diseases: An Introduction Organizers ...... 4

Program ...... 8 Climatic, socio-cultural and economic changes as category of “gastroenterological diseases of an well as technological development have an immedi- unknown etiology” each year, giving room to specu- Abstracts – Oral Presentations ...... 11 ate impact on the environment and human health in late on yet unidentified food-borne diseases and/ or particular. Our steadily growing need of resources non-physiological, pathogenic changes in the O1 – O20 Abstracts ...... 12 increases the pressure on the environment und microbiome of the digestive tract. narrows down untainted habitats for plants and ani- Abstracts – Posters ...... 35 mals. These developments and globalization in Next to unravelling the causative agents, their bio- general are important drivers of emerging and re- logical mechanisms and epidemiological patterns P1 – P52 Abstracts ...... 36 emerging infectious diseases, and promote the of the aforementioned conditions, it seems neces- spread of neglected tropical diseases. The global sary to develop a new behavioral strategy and indi- List of Participants ...... 86 rise of drug resistance (e.g. MRSA) superimposes vidual attitude towards health preservation for indi- these threads and calls for immediate and compre- genous people in Sakha. According to a recent hensive approaches across borders. study, there is a rather inadequate commitment to a healthy life-style among indigenous Yakuts. Arctic and subarctic regions are especially vulne- Although there is general awareness that health rable to climate change, as rising temperatures and depends on diet, life-style and ecology, only natives thawing of permafrost landscapes transform soil of mature age develop an active attitude towards structures, vegetation and habitats. The risk of zoo- healthy living which seems rather related to pro- notic diseases in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) gressive deterioration of their well-being and pres- has significantly increased, as higher temperatures ence of chronic diseases. In younger age, most lead to more favorable living conditions, prolonged consider themselves healthy and hence ignore vegetation periods and the expansion of vector prevention of diseases (Ammosova 2018). habitats. Moreover, permafrost degradation may expose historic cattle and other burial grounds the- One Health is a collaborative concept and practical reby reviving the vectors of deadly infections from approach that addresses imminent and fundamen- the past (Revich 2011) and endangering humans, tal health threats of humans, animals, and their their livestock, pet animals and wildlife. ecosystem in an integrated manner at a local, regional and global scale. This requires inter and Zoonoses are not the only source of health threats cross-disciplinary partnerships and cooperation in today’s Sakha. Cultural and socio-economic among a diverse arena of professionals such as changes also led to drastic effects on the health veterinarians, physicians, biologists, chemists, and wellbeing of indigenous people. In the course environmental scientists, sociologists, economists of modernization and urbanization, the traditional and public health professionals. lifestyle of horse-breeders and hunters in dwellings and remote settlements steadily shifted towards This Symposium takes up current threats and chal- sedentary urban lifestyles. However, their traditio- lenges in Yakutia that shall be addressed jointly by nal diet that is rich in fat, meat and dairy products interconnecting scientific expertise, conceptual remained the same. This resulted in a troubling thoughts and infrastructure. We are looking forward increase of chronic conditions, the most prevalent to a fruitful cooperation and interesting meeting. being diseases of the circular and digestive systems (Burtseva et al. 2014, Tatarinova et al. 2015). Dr. Irene Huber & Katerina Potapova Rospotrebnadzor, the State Health Agency, lists a Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences 2 3 Organizers

Yakut Sate Agricultural Academy The Medical Institute (established in 1957) can be called the oldest higher medical school in Yakut State Agricultural Academy is an Educational Institution of the Ministry of Agriculture the North-East of Russia. The Institute is known both in Yakutia and beyond its borders for its of the Russian Federation for training specialists for the agro-industrial complex. The training programs and the scientific and pedagogical personnel. Students from Yakutia, Buryatia, Academy has three faculties: agrotechnology, veterinary medicine, engineering and the Magadan, Irkutsk regions and from foreign countries (Zambia, Peru, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Department for Economic, Legal and Humanitarian Education, a branch in the village of Kirgizistan) study here in 6 specialties, 2 directions of Bachelor‘s and 4 of Master‘s degree in 22 Oktemtsi, Khangalassky ulus. As of today more than 3400 students study at the Academy. departments. The Clinic was established in 2002 with the goal to offer medical and preventive The Academy conducts training in more than 45 areas of higher education, as well as in help for the students of NEFU as well as to serve as a scientific and educational clinical base for areas of secondary education.Academy has its own Scientific and Clinical Diagnostic the Medical Institute. It provides patients with outpatient care. The clinic has several scientific Laboratory (opened on 1st September 2017). In 2005, the Academy initiated the Games of and educational laboratories, such as Laboratory of genomic medicine, Laboratory of neurophy- Reindeer Herders. Academy holds yearly competitions in horse racing. siological studies, Laboratory of osteoporosis, Laboratory of pathomorphology, histology and For more information, visit: http://ysaa.ru/ cytology, Microbiological laboratory, Research laboratory of cellular technologies and regenerati- ve medicine. For more information, visit: www.s-vfu.ru/en/Institutes/SRIH/ Institute of Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAN The Institute is the leading scientific research institution for the training of scientific per- sonnel for the research and protection of the biological diversity of the North. The institu- University of Hohenheim te has interdepartmental laboratories of permafrost forest management, ecological bio- Founded in 1818 after devastating famines, the University of Hohenheim is not only chemistry, floristics and phytocenology, ecology and stability of northern ecosystems, engaged in intensive basic research but has traditionally also been committed to accounting and cadastre of hunting and commercial animals, preparation of students for developing innovative solutions for some of society‘s pressing problems. To do so, scientific work in the Yakut State Agricultural Academy for Soil Science, agrochemistry the University of Hohenheim engages in a combination of scientific disciplines that and plant breeding. The main objectives of the Institute: is unique among German universities. Today, the University of Hohenheim is the • Implementation of fundamental scientific research and applied research in the field of leading University in agricultural research and food sciences, as well as strong and studying the biological diversity of Yakutia and the adjacent territories of the permafrost unparalleled in natural, social, business, economic, and communication sciences. zone; The combination makes it possible to find solutions for many global challenges. • Involvement of northern bioresources in economic circulation. This is why the University puts great importance on maintaining an international The main activities of the Institute network with numerous strong partners. • Ecology of organisms and communities: structural and dynamic organization, functio- For more information, visit www.uni-hohenheim.de ning and stability of cryolithozone ecosystems; • Biological diversity: optimization of use and protection of the biological resources of the permafrost zone. The Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences provides a dynamic platform for For more information, please visit: http://ibpc.ysn.ru/ researchers, lecturers, young scientists and students dedicated to life sciences and health topics. In accordance with the One Health Concept, we promote high-level research across several disciplines by North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk • joining expertise, e.g. in biology, immunology, health care and medicine, agriculture The Institute of Health was established in 1995 as Scientific Research Institution „Institute and food sciences, economics and social sciences of Health“ withing the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). In 2011, the • building bridges between bench scientists, clinical investigators, health researchers, Institute joined the North-Eastern Federal University as a separate structural unit. The business and public stakeholders Institute carries out research in the field of natural and human sciences. The main scientific • strengthening national and international research networks for exchange and pro- areas of research are population studies aimed at studying the state of adaptive mechanis- ductive partnerships ms of both indigenous groups and newcomers; development of scientific foundations for the • obtaining funds for integrated research projects focusing on major scientific and formation of human health in the North, the creation of innovative products and technologies societal topics, including e.g. growth, development, demographic change, lifestyle, for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases in the population of cold climates; study nutrition, aging as well as their social and economic impact. of the problems of Vilyui encephalomyelitis and other degenerative diseases of the brain. For more information about the Research Center, visit www.health.uni-hohenheim.de

4 5 Organizers

Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture

Scientific support of agriculture in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) The main achievements of research and development work in recent years are: the creati- Report of the Director, Prof. Dr. Ayaal I. Stepanov on and introduction into production of 11 varieties of spring soft wheat, 5 varieties of spring barley, 6 varieties of oats, 2 varieties of winter rye, 14 varieties of perennial grass and leguminous herbs of various type of use, 2 varieties of potatoes, 6 varieties of blackcurrant, 4 varieties of wild strawberry; 2 breeds of horses - megezhekskaya and prilenskaya; 2 The Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution the "Yakut Scientific Research types of horses of the Yakut breed (Yansky, Kolymsky); development and production of Institute of Agriculture named after M.G. Safronov" was founded on March 30, 1956. new biological and veterinary preparations; development and introduction into production of It is one of the largest institutes in the Far East of Russia. The main aim of the new technologies for cultivation of crops, maintenance, feeding, reproduction and treatment Institute is to conduct fundamental and applied scientific research, experimental and of animals. design work, introduce scientific achievements and advanced practices aimed at obtaining new knowledge in the agro-industrial complex that contribute to its technical, For 2017 there were published 10 monographs, 20 methodological guides and recommen- economic and social development. The Institute, from the day of its creation, pays dations in the field of plant growing, animal husbandry, processing of agricultural products, much attention to the introduction of adaptable varieties of grain crops, perennial veterinary biotechnology and environmental protection, as well as in the economy of agri- grasses, potatoes, fruit and berry crops, conservation and breeding of cattle, horses, culture, The Institute maintains 46 patents for invention and 15 for selective achievement reindeer and the development of veterinary preparations. and 3 certificates of state registration of the database. 20 license agreements were conclu- ded on a reimbursable basis. The staff of the Institute is 144, including 82 researchers, 10 doctors of science, and 38 candidates of science. The Institute includes 4 departments, postgraduate study Every year at the Institute various seminars, scientific and practical conferences, round program, scientific library, 15 scientific subdivisions, whose management is carried tables are held. Scientists of the Institute take part in the work of various Russian and out by 6 doctors and 9 candidates of science. international scientific and practical conferences, meetings, seminars and exhibitions. Every year the agro-industrial exhibition "Golden Autumn" takes part and the development According to the State task, 7 people are studying in the postgraduate program of the of our institute is awarded with 7 gold and 4 silver medals. Institute. Postgraduate studying is carried out in accordance with the license for 5 sci- entific specialties. Joint research is conducted with leading scientific institutions. International relations in the field of scientific and technical cooperation with foreign countries are being developed by The advisory body of the Institute is the Scientific Council, which consists of 16 mem- the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Institute of Natural Resources of bers, including 7 doctors and 9 candidates of science, as well as the board of direc- Finland on the origin and adaptation of the body of the Yakut cattle, the Kazakh Research tors, 4 scientific and methodological councils for economics, plant growing, animal Institute of Livestock and Feed Production, the Kazakh National Agrarian University, the husbandry, and veterinary. National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Agriculture.

The Institute employs the Council of Young Scientists, postgraduate students and spe- cialists, which includes 45 specialists under the age of 39, including 10 candidates of science. The Small Agricultural Academy, which is entrusted by the Order of the Head LLC Scientific & production center „Khotu-Bact“ of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) to organize scientific management of the activities of 80 rural agro-profiled schools in the republic. A small innovative enterprise LLC „SCIENTIFIC AND PRODUCTION CENTER KHOTU- BACT“ was established in 2013 at the Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture. LLC SPC The Institute has 203.1 hectares of land on permanent (unlimited) use, As a research „KHOTU-BACT“ is a participant of the Skolkovo Foundation, a resident of the Yakutia and production (experimental) base, there are "Yuchyugeyskoe" and two small innova- Technopark, and is the only enterprise in the North-East of Russia that develops and pro- tive enterprises: "Nauka" LLC, and the Scientific Production Center "Hotu-Bact" Ltd.. duces veterinary drugs. The scientific novelty of developments is protected by Russian patents. Production is licensed by the Russian Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Supervision (Rosselkhoznadzor).

6 7 Program 12:45 Lunch MONDAY, 13 AUGUST 2018 13:45 Poster Session REGISTRATION, WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION 08:30 Registration SESSION 2: 09:15 Welcome Address Emerging Zoonotic Threats to Human Health (in Russia and in Germany) Ivan I. Sleptsov, Rector, Yakut State Agricultural Academy, Yakutsk Chair: Konstantin M. Stepanov, Yakut Research Center of Complex Medical Problems 09:30 Ludwig E. Hölzle, Head of Delegation, Research Center for Health Sciences, 14:30 Surveillance and control of zoonotic diseases in Germany – an overview and the case of He- University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany patitis E 09:40 Zoonotic Infections in Yakutia Dr. Mirko Faber, Robert-Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany Margarita E. Ignat'eva, Head of Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Pro 14:50 Viral hepatitis E as a new zoonotic threat to human health tection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor), Regional Office in Yakutia Sergey I. Semenov, Institute of Health, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk 15:10 Discussion: Knowledge Gaps and Cooperation Opportunities SESSION 1: Overview over Zoonoses in Yakutia and in Germany 15:20 Coffee break Chair: Konstantin R. Nifontov, Yakut State Agricultural Academy 09:55 Overview over Zoonoses in Yakutia SESSION 3: Alexandr M. Okhlopkov, Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance, Regional Evidence Base of Climate Change and its Effects on One Health in Yakutia Office in Yakutia Chair: Agafya Z. Platonova, Yakut State Agricultural Academy 10:10 Assessment of the epizootological situation of bovine tuberculosis in Yakutia 15:50 Influence of global climate change on the natural environment of the center of the continental Galina P. Protod'yakonova, Yakut State Agricultural Academy permafrost zone of the Northern Hemisphere (on the example of Yakutia) 10:20 Prevention of infectious diseases of horses - Problems, achievements, perspectives Roman V. Desyatkin, Institute of Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS Mikhail P. Neustroev, Yakut Scientific Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk 16:00 Impact of climate and land use change on soil processes – evidence and perspectives 10:30 Host-pathogen interaction of persistent bacterial infections Sergey Blagodatskiy, Holger Pagel, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Ludwig E. Hölzle, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany 16:15 Discussion: Knowledge Gaps and Cooperation Opportunities 10:45 Pharmacological efficiency of 1β recombinant interleukin in cattle treatment and prevention of cryptosporidiosis SESSION 4: Ayan N. Nyukkanov, Yakut State Agricultural Academy Emerging Diseases Threats: Integrating Local Knowledge and Socioeconomic Factors Chair: N.N. 10:55 Coffee break 16:25 Indigenous Peoples of Yakutia and New Health Risks in Connection with Global Change Vyacheslav I. Shadrin, Inst. for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North SB RAS 11:20 Epizootology of Anthrax in Yakutia 16:35 Attitudes towards health among indigenous peoples under modern conditions Mikhail P. Neustroev, Yakut Scientific Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk Elena P. Ammossova, Institute of Health, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk 11:30 Anthrax – Diagnostics, Epidemiology, Environment, Therapy, Vaccines, and Phages 16:45 Rural Everyday Life in Yakutia in a Changing Environment Wolfgang Beyer, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Liliya I. Vinokurova, Arctic Research Department, Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous 11:45 Echinococcosis and alveococcosis research in Yakutia Studies of the North, SB RAS Ludmila M. Kokolova, Yakut Scientific Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk 16:55 Food products in combination with unique northern raw materials 11:55 Research on alveolar and cystic echinococcosis at the University of Hohenheim Konstantin M. Stepanov, Yakut Research Center of Complex Medical Problems / Yakut State Thomas Romig, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Agricultural Academy, Yakutsk 12:10 A variety of harmful insects (Diptera) and ticks (Acari: Ixodida), study of their life cycle, and 17:05 Bridging knowledge systems in nutrition and health research creation of preventive measures for agricultural animals Stefanie Lemke, Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, UK / University of Alexandr D. Reshetnikov, Yakut Scientific Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany 12:20 Tick related research at the University of Hohenheim 17:20 Discussion: Knowledge Gaps and Cooperation Opportunities Marco Drehmann, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany 12:35 Discussion: Knowledge Gaps and Cooperation Opportunities 17:30 Concluding Remarks / End of the Symposium

8 9 ABSTRACTS Oral Presentations

10 © Svetlana Khatylaeva11 Introduction Introduction

O1 Zoonoses in Yakutia

MARGARITA E. IGNAT‘EVA1*, IZABELLA YU. SAMOYLOVA1, VALENTINA I. GRIGORYEVA1, LYUBOV V. BUDATSYRENOVA1, VIKTOR F. CHERNYAVSKIY2, ОKTYABRINA N. SOFRONOVA2 1 Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor), Regional Office in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 2 Federal Public Health Institution "Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)" Corresponding author: [email protected]

In the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yaku- adverse points of anthrax were established. Cur- Conclusions: References: tia), for a long time there have been natural foci rently, the Veterinary Service regularly informs In the territory of Yakutia, there are natural foci of 1. Egorov, I.Ya. Epidemiological surveillance of of infectious diseases common to humans and about the detection of serological markers of infections common to humans and animals, and the especially dangerous and natural focal infections animals such as rabies, anthrax, leptospirosis, leptospirosis in horses and deer, and of rabies in circulation of pathogens in the environment is de- in the Far North: book / I.Ya. Egorov, A.S. Mara- tularemia, listeriosis, pseudotuberculosis, yersi- wild and domestic animals. termined. movich, A.D. Botvinkin .- Yakutsk: Kuduk, 2000. niosis, hemorrhagic fever with kidney syndrome According to laboratory environmental studies, In the past century, there have been cases of mass 2. Chernyavskiy, V.F. Epizootologo-epidemiologi- and others [1,2,4,5]. 19 of the Republic's territories are adverse for diseases of people with zoonoses, at present, due cal potential of natural focal infections in Yakutia Experts of the State Sanitary and Epidemio- tularemia. Here, according to epidemic indica- to preventive measures, only sporadic cases of and its dynamics under modern conditions / V.F. logical Supervision monitor the circulation of tions, mass vaccinations against tularemia are certain diseases are recorded. Chernyavsky, O.I. Nikiforov, V.E. Repin, B.M. Kers- zoonotic pathogens in the environment. Zoolo- conducted. Preventive vaccinations against an- Modern methods of laboratory diagnostics, inclu- hengolts, ON Sofronova // Yakut Medical Journal gists-entomologists annually leave for seasonal thrax, rabies, tick-borne encephalitis are carried ding those used in regional and all-Russian refe- 2009, No. 1 (25), p. 58-61. field work in different regions of the Republic in out within individuals from "the risk groups". rence centers, allow us to identify a wide range 3. Egorov, I.Ya. Issues of regional hygiene, sani- order to catch rodents, birds, arthropods, and to In the last century in Yakutia there were large ou- of pathogens of natural focal infections, including tation and epidemiology: coll. works / ed. AND I. collect samples of water and soil. Then the col- tbreaks of tularemia (1959-1960), pseudotuber- paleomicroflora, to perform their genomic analysis, Egorova. - Yakutsk: Polygraphist, 1997, p. 275. lected material is examined in the laboratory of culosis (1974), outbreak of rabies (1973), during and to establish sources, reservoirs and mechanis- 4. Egorov, I. Ya. Epidemiological features of infec- especially dangerous infections for zoonotic pa- the period 1950-1980, cases of people infected ms for transmission of infections. tious and parasitic diseases in the RS (Ya) / I. Ya. thogens. Until 1990, cultures of the pathogen of with anthrax were diagnosed [1,2,4,5]. At pre- The State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveil- Yegorov, A.G. Fedulova, T.I. Kochetov. Yakutsk: tularemia were isolated in water samples of floo- sent, there are occasional cases of yersiniosis. lance conducted by the expertss of the Rospot- Sakhapoligrazdat, 1997. dplain lakes and blood-sucking dipterous insects For the first time in 2018, a local case of tick-bor- rebnadzor in cooperation with the Veterinary Ser- 5. Egorov, I.Ya. Infectious diseases in Yakutia: stat. and ectoparasites [1,2]. At present, the causative ne encephalitis was registered. vice and leading scientific institutions of the country reference book / I.Ya. Egorov, A.G. Fedulova, T.I. agents and markers of tularemia and pseudotu- There is a great interest in paleomicrobiological allows timely detection of trends in the development Kochetov. - Yakutsk: Sahapoligrazdat, 1994. berculosis are determined in the materials from research. Together with the State Scientific Cen- of the epidemic process of natural focal infections 6. Marchenko, V.Yu. High-pathogenic influenza rodents, the pathogens of intestinal yersiniosis ter of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", stu- and adequately respond to the emerging epidemi- A virus subtype H5N8 in the Republic of Sakha were detected, the tick-borne virus of tick-borne dies of Oymyakonsky mammoth have been carri- ological situation. (Yakutia) / V.Yu. Marchenko [and others] // Far Ea- encephalitis was detected (from 3% to 11%). In ed out, whose age is estimated to be more than stern Journal of Infectious Pathology 2015, No. 2, 2014, wild bird samples were isolated and the 18 thousand years. A living aerobic gram-posi- p. 38-43. avian influenza A (H5N8) virus was typified [6]. tive non-spore bacterial culture, classified as In 2018, a culture of listeria was identified in the Kurthia, was isolated. As a result of the study, it fish samples. From the Veterinary Service, infor- was possible to detect a high concentration of vi- mation on the disease and the death of animals able thermotolerant aerobic bacteria, and it was from anthrax came up to 1993, according to ar- shown that it is necessary to continue the geno- chival materials in 26 districts, 285 permanentlly mic analysis for the stability of the characters.

12 13 Session 1 Session 1

O2 Evaluation of the epizootological situation of tuberculosis in the Republic O3 Prevention of infectious disease of horses: problems, achievements, perspecti- of Sakha (Yakutia) ves

GALIINA P. PROTOD'YAKONOVA1', N.G. PAVLOV2, A.E. DANILOVA3 MIKHAIL P. NEUSTROEV*, NADEZHDA P. TARABUKINA 1 Prof. Dr. vet. sc., Chair of Parasitology and Epizootology of Animals, Yakut State Agricultural Academy Professors, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Scientific and Production Center “Ho- 2 Dr. vet. sc., Scientific and Practical Center "Phthisiology" tu-Bact”, Ltd. 3 Student at Russian State Agricultural University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) had a compli- have developed and are carrying out complex Infectious and invasive diseases play a signifi- recovery of farms from salmonellosis of horses, cated epizootic situation for cattle tuberculosis measures and scientific research on the preven- cant role in horse keeping. The most common and prevents infection of people. for a long period. The purpose of this report is tion and diagnosis of tuberculosis in the outbre- and causing significant economic damage is the The scientific novelty of the developments is pro- a retrospective study of the epizootic process of aks of tuberculosis infection in livestock farms. horse strangles, salmonella abortion and rhinop- tected by 41 patents for invention. bovine tuberculosis in Yakutia. Within the framework of joint activities, the dia- neumonia of horses. In recent years, a spread of In the next 5-6 years, it is necessary to: In the 1950s-1980s in the Republic of Sakha gnostic value of the detection of mycobacterial leptospirosis has been noted. A decrease in the - test an inactivated vaccine against rhinopneu- (Yakutia) a high incidence of tuberculosis in agri- tuberculosis DNA by the PCR method in blood level of immunobiological reactivity of foals and monia of horses under production conditions, cultural animals was recorded, the criterion for samples of cattle from tuberculosis-free farms mares in the autumn and winter periods as a re- - test an associated vaccine against rhinopneu- the epidemic significance of animal tuberculosis of the republic, previously unsuccessful, was in- sult of the influence of stress factors and infecti- monia and salmonella abortion under production was the frequency of allocation of bovine myco- vestigated. At the same time, against the back- on with viral diseases has been established. The conditions, bacteria from people with tuberculosis. ground of stabilization of the epizootic situation spread of viral diseases such as influenza and - test an inactivated vaccine against rhinopneu- The results of the conducted studies served as of cattle tuberculosis, the problem of nonspecific rhinopneumonia among breeds of horses has monia, the horse strangles and salmonellosis un- the basis for the development of the "Program of tuberculin reactions remains. Annually, in 15-18 been noted. Therefore, the use of immunomodu- der laboratory and production conditions, measures for the improvement of livestock farms out of 35 districts of the Republic, animals re- lators in inactivated vaccines is needed. - obtain a registration of the vaccine against the from tuberculosis of cattle", the introduction of acting to PPD-tuberculin for mammals are iden- The vaccine against the horse strangles is made horse strangles in Mongolia, Kazachstan and which made it possible to drastically improve the tified. Long-term studies on the causes of the of an inactivated strangles Streptococcus strain China. epizootic situation for this infection in the country etiology of nonspecific tuberculin reactions have Str.equi H-34. The vaccine against horse salmo- A joint project is proposed for colleagues: We of- by 1988. shown that this infection of animals with non-tu- nella abortion is made from the strain Sal.abor- fer a joint research on the role of wild animals However, in 1996 and 2001, sporadic cases of berculosis (atypical) mycobacteria. tus equi BN-12. The vaccine contains an immu- and migratory birds in the transmission of zoo- tuberculosis in herds of cattle on small farms and The introduction of the developed system of nomodulator. The use of the vaccine ensures the noses. private farms were recorded. scientifically based measures for the control and In this regard, the Department of Veterinary Me- prevention of tuberculosis among cattle allowed dicine of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the to provide epizootological well-being of the Re- Scientific and Practical Center "Phthisiology" public of Sakha (Yakutia) for this infection.

14 15 Session 1 Session 1

O4 Host-pathogen interaction of persistent bacterial infections O5 Pharmacological efficiency of 1β recombinant interleukin in cattle treatment and prevention of cryptosporidiosis

LUDWIG E. HÖLZLE IVAN I. BOCHKAREV1, AYAN N. NYUKKANOV2*, T.A. PLATONOV3, N.V. KUZ'MINA3 Prof. Dr. med. vet, Chair of Livestock Infectiology and Environmental Hygiene, Institute of Animal Science, 1 Prof., Dr. biol. sc., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yakut State Agricultural Academy University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany 2 Assoc. Prof., Dr. biol. sc., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yakut State Agricultural Academy Corresponding author: [email protected] 3 Dr. biol. sc., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yakut State Agricultural Academy Corresponding author: [email protected]

The Department of Livestock Infectiology and endothelial damage during the infection. Anemia For the first time in veterinary, 1β IL recombinant an effective struggle against invasive agents, and Environmental Hygiene has three main focus in is caused by scavenging of nutrients, adhesion immunomodulatory has been tested for cryptospori- hinder the development of the disease, leading to research, i.e. environmental and animal hygiene and invasion of the red blood cells, eryptosis, diosis of cattle under experimental conditions. A recovery. IL-1β immunomodulator in calves causes (animal health), zoonosis and veterinary public and autoreactive antibodies. To get insight into fundamentally new method for the prevention and complex positive changes during 1-2 months of ob- health, and infection biology. the molecular and cellular basis of the pathoge- treatment of cryptosporidiosis of cattle using an im- servation. The drug effectiveness depended on a Within the first two topics we are dealing with the nesis of this disease, we use several laboratory munostimulating substance - 1β IL-1β recombinant dose, frequency, the invasive process period, in- establishment of diagnostic tools, development of techniques such as microscopy (LM, EM, CLSM), interleukin), synthesized by the State Scientific dividual parameters of the organism. With the pre- vaccine candidates, epidemiology, disinfection, serology (ELISA, WB) DNA tools, recombinant Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopharmaceu- ventive purpose, the drug is injected to animals, and novel strategies to prevent and treat infec- expression of proteins, genomics, proteomics, ticals of the Ministry of Health and Industry of the starting from the first day after birth, by 5-10 ng / tious diseases. We are interested in animals as microarray techniques, RNA-Seq, metabolomics, Russian Federation, has been developed. The use kg of weight once a day three times at an interval reservoirs of pathogens for humans, “emerging cell cultures, and FACS (fluorescence-activated of 1β interleukin prior to infection, simultaneously of 48 hours. For the purpose of treatment, the drug and re-emerging diseases”, novel vectors and re- cell scanning). with infection and upon infection leads to a better is used 10 ng / kg of weight once a day for 3 days. servoirs (plants, amoebae), climate changes, and The second disease connected with persistent state of animals and to recovery with a significant The possibility of correction of the immune status globalization/tourism (novel chains of infection). infections is the pseudotuberculosis in sheep and increase in the immunological reactivity of the or- of animals with cryptosporidiosis and prevention In the focus “infection biology” we are investi- goat caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuber- ganism. The drug restores the normal content of has been determined. The drug has an advantage gating persistent bacterial infections caused by culosis. These bacteria can survive and multiply leukocytes in peripheral blood, and also enhances over antibiotics and other chemical and pharmaco- the non-cultivable bacterium Mycoplasma suis intracellular in macrophages as well as in epithe- blast transformation of lymphocytes and their pro- logical agents, since this drug, being able to substi- which causes infectious anemia in pigs. This lial cells. For this, they are taken up by the cells duction of IL-2. The changes in the immune system tute the natural immunity mediator, stimulates body bacterium is very interesting due to the fact that via a zipper-like mechanism and can get out of observed upon the affect of the drug cause a si- defenses, without having toxic and allergic effects. we found autoimmunity, immune modulation, and the phagosomes to multiply in the cell cytoplasm. gnificant increase in body defenses of an animal,

16 17 Session 1 Session 1

O6 Epizootology of Anthrax in Yakutia O7 Anthrax: Diagnostics, Epidemiology, Environment, Therapy, Vaccines, and Phages... More than two decades of research at the University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart G.T. DYAGILEV1, MIKHAIL P. NEUSTROEV2* 1 Dr. vet. sc., Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture 2 Prof. Dr. biol. sc., Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] WOLFGANG BEYER PD Dr. med. vet. habil. Livestock Infectiology and Environmental Hygiene, Institute of Animal Science, The first information about Anthrax in Yakutia ky, Verkhoyansky, Tattinsky (6 to 15 times); University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany dates back to 1811. For the period from 1811 to c) In the zone with a low level of incidence and Corresponding author: [email protected] 1993, in the territory of the Republic the disease disadvantage, the following areas are classi- and mortality of domestic and wild animals with fied: Verkhnekolymsky, Nizhnekolymsky, Ne- Anthrax was registered in 739 disadvantaged ryungrinsky, Ust-Maysky, Lensky, Aldansky, settlements and in 244 permanently disadvanta- Kobyaisky, Eveno-Bytantaisky, Tomponsky, Zhi- The Anthrax laboratory of the University of Hohen- gations of outbreaks of Anthrax, ged settlements. The number of dead domestic gansky, Mirninsky, Momsky (1 to 5 times); heim has been working as a consultancy laboratory - the investigation of the life cycle of members of and wild animals was 78.017, with cattle – 29.480 d) an area free of anthrax. It includes main- for B. anthracis for more than 20 years, mainly in Bacillus cereus sensu lato in environmental ha- (37.7%), horses – 35.995 (46.1%), and deer – ly tundra areas of the polar regions of Yakutia: duty of the veterinary service in Germany. It is well bitats and within living vectors, 12.537 (16.2%). Anabarsky, Allaikhovsky, Bulunsky, Ust-Yansky, established as a cooperation partner for the lea- - the development and pre-clinical testing of non-li- The territory of Yakutia is divided into four epi- Abyisky districts. In these areas anthrax was ne- ding anthrax laboratories in Europe and worldwide. ving vaccines against Anthrax, comprising multi- zootic zones according to the level of incidence ver recorded. The institute owns a large and still growing culture ple recombinant proteins with various adjuvants or (repeatability and degree of disadvantage): Multiple outbreaks of Anthrax in the same areas collection of aerobic endospore forming bacteria of DNA vaccines, a) a zone with a high level of incidence and di- indicate the stationarity of the infection. European, Asian, and African origin. - the development and pre-clinical testing of novel sadvantage which includes 9 administrative ter- We have developed a cadastre of disadvanta- Main topics of our research are therapeutics against Anthrax, ritories of Yakutia: Vilyuisky, Verkhnevilyuisky, ged settlements for Anthrax. The presence of a - the development and validation of laboratory me- - the role of temperate phages in the life cycle of B. Yakutsky, Nyurbinsky, Ust-Aldansky, Namsky, large number of disadvantaged settlements and thods for the detection of Bacillus anthracis from anthracis, Srednekolymsky, Olekminsky, Amginsky (17 to the long-term survival of the pathogen in environ- environmental samples, including specimens sus- - the usage of lytic phages in decontamination of 25 times); ment causes a threat of epizootic situation. The picious to contain spores of intentionally released B. anthracis. b) a zone with an average level of incidence and threat of repeated epizootic situations of Anthrax bacilli, The talk will give a short overview on the topics disadvantage which includes the following areas: remains high, which is confirmed by the results of - the establishment and improvement of methods mentioned above. Suntarsky, Khangalassky, Oimyakonsky, Gorny, the method of forecasting developed by us. for forensic and molecular-epidemiological investi- Churapchinsky, Megino-Kangalassky, Oleneks-

18 19 Session 1 Session 1

O8 Echinococcosis and alveococcosis research in Yakutia O9 Research on alveolar and cystic echinococcosis at the University of Hohenheim

LUDMILA M. KOKOLOVA THOMAS ROMIG Prof., Dr. vet. sc., Head of Laboratory of Helminthology, Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk Dr. rer. nat., Parasitology, Insitute of Zoology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

In 1998 and 2018 in Yakutia there were studied red-backed voles - 61, lemmings – 51. From 61 Echinococcosis affects >1 million people at any is spread in the cold and temperate climates th- cestodes Echinococcus granulosus, Alveococcus bank voles - 4; or 6.5%, and from 51 lemmings one time and is recognized by WHO as one of four roughout the northern hemisphere. It is a primary multilocularis. Tape worms have been studied in - 11, or 21.3%. 2,512 deer of domesticated deer priority neglected zoonotic diseases, along with ra- wildlife parasite, transmitted in lifecycles between domestic and wild ungulates, domesticated and were examined. Infection by Echinococcus gra- bies, cysticercosis and foodborne trematodes. Two wild canids (mainly foxes) and rodents. Humans wild carnivores. Echinococcus granulosus (larva) nulosus (larva) was detected in 52 animals, which forms of the disease are important, both occuring are accidentally infected, but the resulting disease was found in domesticated and wild reindeer, roe was 2.07%. 641 wild reindeer were examined, in Yakutia: is malignant with unsatisfactory treatment options deer and elk, and also known in humans. Echinococcus granulosus (larva) were detected Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a debilitating and po- and leads to death without qualified medical inter- Echinococcosis refers to the invasion of a hu- in 33 animals, which was 5.14%, from 96 elk tentially fatal disease of humans, is spread world- vention. In Yakutia, published prevalence data in- man or an animal with a larval cystic (metacy- there were found 54 infected by Echinococcus wide with the highest public health and economic dicate the presence of hyperendemic foci. Recent- clic) stage and a sexually mature stage (tape- granulosus (larva), which was 56.2 ± 0.93. impact in resource-poor countries, and is trans- ly, a genotype was found in northern Yakutia that worm). Two types of tapeworms belonging to the Alveococcus multilocularis, the mature stage is mitted in lifecycles involving dogs or wild canids was previously thought to be restricted to Ameri- species Echinococcus are known. Parasitizing often found in white (polar) arctic foxes - the fi- and domestic or wild ungulates. CE is caused by ca, Considering the vast north-south extension of in 2 stages: Echinococcus granulosus (larva) nal hosts and lemmings - intermediate hosts, in various pathogens of the cestode genus Echino- Yakutia, the presence of different lifecycles (invol- are localized in the parenchymal organs: mice, foxes and dogs, and other mice, is very rare than coccus, whose complex taxonomic structure has ving different genotypes with divergent pathogeni- lemmings, domesticated and wild reindeer, roe echinococcosis, in humans and other mammals only recently been established. Accordingly, trans- city in humans) is expected e.g. in arctic tundra and deer, elk and human. The sexually mature stage is almost not recorded. It is known a case of hu- mission pathways and pathogenicity for humans in boreal forest zones (which, however, may or may of Echinococcus granulosus is localized in the man disease that was registered in 2014 and was and livestock are known to vary widely among the not be linked through long-distance migration of ar- small intestine of domestic and wild carnivores - characterized by malignant course for more than cryptic species of this Echinococcus granulosus ctic foxes, red foxes and wolves). There is a report dogs, wolves, red foxes. 10 years, the affected organ was the liver, then cluster. Yakutia is a focus of CE within the Russian about a specific transmission between domestic Tumor of echinococcus is most often found in the with characteristic metastases in other organs - Federation, with high disease prevalence in dome- dogs and synanthropic rodents in central Yakutia, lungs, liver, larynx in deer, lungs and liver of roe the intestine and peritoneum. The size of nodes stic livestock (reindeer, sheep) as well as wild ani- but no details on this have been published. deer and elk and liver, internal organs of mouse of alveococcus larvae reached 15-20 cm in dia- mals (e.g. moose, wolves). Molecular identification rodents, in the liver, lungs and brain of humans. meter. of few samples revealed the presence of at least In conclusion, Echinococcus transmission in Yaku- 627 rodents were exposed to helminthic auto- Yakutia belongs to endemic regions according to two Echinococcus species and several diverse ge- tia (and the resulting risk for humans and life- psy: house mice - 107 of them 4 were infected zoonotic helminthiasis - echinococcosis, alveo- notypes in animal hosts. The transmission seems stock) is intense, and the contributions of different by Echinococcus granulosus (larva), which is coccosis, which present a great danger to hum- to be highly complex, involving both domestic and Echinococcus species and genotypes are complex 3.74%, bank voles - 300 of them were infested ans, agricultural and wild animals. wild animals. CE in humans is frequently reported, and little understood. Molecular characterization 18, or 6.0%; narrow-headed voles - 2, northern but here are no data on the impact of any of these of systematically sampled parasite isolates is ex- parasite species on humans for lack of investiga- pected to help identifying important transmission tions. pathways and enable evidence-based control and Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by various prevention campaigns. genotypes of one species, E. multilocularis, which

20 21 Session 1 Session 1

O10 A variety of harmful insects (Diptera) and ticks (Acari: Ixodida), study of O11 Tick related research at the University of Hohenheim their life cycle, and creation of preventive measures for agricultural animals

ALEXANDR D. RESHETNIKOV1*, ANASTASIYA I. BARASHKOVA2, EVGENIY N. POPOV3 MARCO DREHMANN*, A. LINDAU, M. WASSERMANN, U. MACKENSTEDT 1 Prof. Dr. vet. sc., Head of Laboratory of Arachnoentomology, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agri- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Zoology, University of Hohenheim, Germany culture Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Prof. Dr. habil. biol. sc., Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, [email protected] 3 Doctoral student, M.Sc., email: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Global warming of the climate causes a chan- pastures - Chrysops divaricatus, Chr. suavis and 1. Tick diversity and distribution 3. Tick control ge in the fauna, life cycles and the harmfulness Hybomitra aequetincta. In the basin of the Koly- We are studying the density, diversity and distribu- We develop and test biological and chemical appro- of insects and ticks for farm animals. According ma River, there was a previously observed type tion of ticks in Germany. Therefore, we are collec- aches of tick control in the laboratory, in controlled to scientific data obtained in our laboratory of of midges: Simulium posticatum. With a massive ting ticks either from hosts or by flagging and iden- tick plots and in gardens. We focus on entomopa- arachnoentomology in the fauna of arthropods, attack of blood-sucking mosquitoes on a herd of tify the species by morphological characteristics or thogenic fungi in an attract and kill. The test of an the appearance of new, previously unidentified domestic reindeer, the average annual damage with molecular methods. This comprises the detec- in Europe commercially available product, the "Ixo- species, is noted. They are vector transfer of is 1940.84 thousand rubles. The economic effect tion of new tick species in Germany. gon Zeckenrollen" has just been finished. especially dangerous zoonotic diseases of farm for 1 year per one herd of reindeer is 1,875.49 animals. The economic damage from them is thousand rubles, the economic effect per 1 ruble 2. Tick borne diseases 4. Behavioural studies very high. Since 2008, in the Republic of Sakha of costs is 28.7 rubles. Tick borne diseases are not equally distributed in By using partially automated techniques we study (Yakutia) after long-term well-being, a new fo- We have developed effective preventive techno- Germany. Therefore, we collect ticks in different tick behaviour under special conditions (e.g. in cer- cus of pyreplasmidosis of the reindeer has ap- logies to protect farm animals from harmful ar- areas in Germany to detect pathogens as TBE-Vi- tain seasons or over night). The ticks are kept in a peared. The focus of the disease was found in thropods. These technologies are protected by rus, Borrelia, Rickettsia and others by means of controlled environment in the laboratory or in a tick the Gorniy region. In the Tomtor area, 189 deer more than ten patents for inventions. The labo- Light-Cycler-PCR. The identification of pathogens plot and monitored by cameras. An image recogni- or 57.9% of the herd stock died; in the area of ratory is staffed by competent staff and coope- in ticks is a prerequisite to understand the distribu- tion program has been developed to measure tick Tapsylyn - 105 or 77% respectively. The analy- rates with leading scientific institutions in Rus- tion of tick borne diseases in Germany. activity. sis showed that a tick was found in the territory sia: All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): Ixodes per- Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Ani- sulcatus, which is the vector of transmission of mals and Plants named after K.I. Skryabin, A.N. many dangerous blood-parasitic diseases. In the Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution and Primorsky tundra, previously unidentified spe- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vete- cies of flies were found (Hybomitra): Hybomitra rinary Entomology and Arachnology. montana montana and H. nigricornis. For plains

1. Barashkova A.I. 2017. Bloodsucking dipterals on insects (Insecta, Diptera: Tabanidae, Culicidae, Simuliidae) of the agrocenoses of Yakutia: Abstract of the thesis of Doctor of Biological Sciences. 48 p. http://dlib.rsl.ru/viewer/01006653982#?pa- ge=1 2. Reshetnikov A.D., Barashkova A.I. 2017. Technology of protection of reindeer from blood-sucking dipterous insects and imago gadfly in conditions of tundra. 11 p. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30691359

22 23 Session 2 Session 2

O12 Surveillance and control of zoonotic diseases in Germany – O13 Viral hepatitis E as a new zoonotic threat to human health an overview and the case of Hepatitis E

MIRKO FABER SERGEY I. SEMENOV1*, SNEZHANA S. SLEPTSOVA2, KONSTANTIN M. STEPANOV3 Dr. med., Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany 1 Research Institute of Health, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Medical Institute, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk 3 Yakutsk Scientific Center of Complex Medical Problems, Yakutsk Corresponding author: [email protected]

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic diseases such as - that can cause outbreaks (e.g., trichinellosis, Introduction: Hepatitis E is a new unrose for hu- markers occurred in 31.5% of cases, while the virus SARS, avian influenza or ebola have shown that brucellosis, hantavirus disease), man health throughout the world. According to rese- (HCV RNA) was found in 21.0% of cases. A simil- zoonotic infections can be a serious threat to pu- - that can be climate sensitive (e.g., TBE, bor- arch, one-third of the world's population is infected ar situation develops in patients with chronic viral blic health and keep the world in suspense for reliosis, hantavirus disease) or emerging (e.g., with HEV infection. In many European countries, hepatitis C. Among 68 patients with chronic hepa- several months. hepatitis E). the detectability of serological markers of HEV in titis C, hepatitis E, hepatitis B (HBsAg), hepatitis D donors varies from 1.3% to 52%. In the risk groups: markers (in fact, a quadruple infection (HCV + HEV Although less dramatic, zoonoses also play an In this short presentation, we would like to give among farmers, hunters varies from 1.3% to 52%. + HBV + HDV) in 25% , 11.7% and 4.4% of cases, important role for public health on a daily basis. examples of epidemiological surveillance, rese- Methods: ELISA tests were performed for the pre- respectively Markers of the hepatitis E virus were In Germany, more than half of all infectious di- arch and outbreak investigations with regard to sence of a-HEV-IgG in 148 people. 64 people were much more common in 25% of cases than the he- seases that are mandatorily notifiable according selected zoonotic pathogens that are relevant to examined in the pastoral areas, and 12 people in patitis B and C markers. to the infection protection act are zoonoses. public health in Germany. the reindeer breeding area. A group of patients with Conclusion: thus, according to the results of the They include diseases chronic hepatitis B and C made up 13 people and a studies, a high incidence and infection of the po- - with a high incidence (e.g., salmonellosis, cam- A focus will be on the epidemiology of Hepatitis group of conditionally healthy individuals - 59 peo- pulation of the republic with all known hepatitis vi- pylobacter), E, a foodborne infection, mainly transmitted via ple. ruses was detected. An increased circulation of the - with a high case fatality (e.g., HUS/STEC, liste- consumption of pork and game meat and causing Results: Among the population of pastoral areas, hepatitis E virus in the Arctic zone of Russia, previ- riosis, tularaemia, anthrax), nearly 3000 notified clinical cases in 2017. markers of viral hepatitis E (a-HEVIgG) were de- ously considered a tropical infection, was detected. tected in 21.8% of the surveyed, among reindeer Further study of this problem would allow to deter- breeding areas - in 16.6%. High circulation of the mine the degree of infection with hepatitis viruses virus E among conditionally healthy and sick with in the population living in the Arctic regions and to hepatitis B and C - 21 , 2% and 22.4% respectively. resolve the issue of biosecurity for the population. So among 19 patients with chronic hepatitis B an- ti-HEVIgG revealed in 21.0% (4 of 19). Hepatitis C

24 25 Session 3 Session 3

O14 Influence of global climate change on the natural environment of the cen- O15 Impact of climate and land use change on soil processes - evidence and ter of the continental permafrost zone of the Northern Hemisphere (on the perspectives example of Yakutia)

ROMAN V. DESYATKIN*, ALEXEY R. DESYATKIN SERGEY BLAGODATSKIY1, HOLGER PAGEL2, ELLEN KANDELER2, CHRISTIAN POLL2, THILO Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, Yakutsk RENNERT2, THILO STRECK2 Corresponding author: [email protected] 1 Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim 2 Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Corresponding author: [email protected]

Current changes in the climate, primarily increa- and this may be the precursor of northward shifts sing air temperatures, have exerted a considera- of the natural zones. Climate warming causes a The transformation of heterogeneous and diverse and moisture. It is an integral component of “soil he- ble impact on the state of permafrost landscapes gradual expansion of many species of animals landscapes of Yakutia (Central Siberia) is strongly alth”, i.e. the capacity of soil to function according and ecosystems in Eastern Siberia. The 2-3°C and plants from south to north, which can be affected by current and forthcoming climate chan- to its potential and management strategies (Doran, rise in mean annual air temperature over the last considered as the northward shift of the natural ge, which can be seen in this region as gradual 2002; Wall et al., 2015). Soil health is considered three decades has resulted in a ground tempe- zones. The shift of the natural zones contributes increase of mean annual and maximum summer as essential for maintaining human well-being and rature increase of 0.4-1.3°C, which in turn has to an invasion of new plant and animal species temperatures (Desyatkin and Desyatkin, 2017). the conservation of biodiversity. led to deepening of seasonal thaw and intensifi- into the northern areas, including crop pests and The warming in this region is ten times faster than As collaborative research on soil health in Yaku- cation of cryogenic processes. In forest-free and pathogens. the global average value (Schuur et al., 2015) and tia, we propose to focus on the impact of land use disturbed locations underlain by the ice complex, In warming climate, cryogenic processes cause leads to accelerated permafrost thawing as well as and climate change on SOM mineralization. This permafrost has begun to degrade resulting in local redistribution of the ecosystems, which has increasing forest fire frequency and total lake area will be based on our previous experience on me- thermokarst development and landscape res- not been understood adequately yet. Permafrost (Boike et al., 2016). asuring and modeling of land use impact on SOM haping. Permafrost degradation makes the land ecosystems respond to global warming quite Considering these changes in the frame of “One turnover (Blagodatskii et al., 2008; Demyan et al., useless for agriculture and other purposes and rapidly. This makes the study of their changes health”, we need to account for several interrela- 2016; Larionova et al., 2003), emission of green- poses a potential threat to human life and activi- somewhat easier, but still requires meticulous at- ted components: people and animal migration and house gases (Lamers et al., 2007; Van Den Berg ties. Increasing air temperatures have triggered tention to observations, research, and analysis of distribution, availability of soil resources for agri- et al., 2016; Wizemann et al., 2014), small-scale changes in the ecology of Eastern Siberia. the processes under way. culture and stock raising, and emission of green- spatiotemporal dynamics of SOM, pesticides and Many animals and plants have shifted their ranges house gases from land and soil. Greenhouse gas soil-microbiome interactions (Kramer et al., 2016; emissions may particularly become critical due to Pagel et al., 2016; Preusser et al., 2017), tempera- a positive feedback loop: additional CO2 and CH4 ture sensitivity of SOM decomposition and impact emitted in response to climate warming will increa- of global warming (Ali et al., 2018; Blagodatskaya se the greenhouse effect and further accelerate et al., 2016; Crowther et al., 2016), and composition the rise of the land surface temperature. The ma- and stability of SOM and organo-mineral associa- jor source of greenhouse gas emissions from soil tions (Rennert et al., 2018, 2014). is the mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM). This process is strongly controlled by temperature

26 27 Session 4 Session 4

O16 Indigenous Peoples of Yakutia and New Health Risks in Connection with O17 Attitudes towards health among indigenous peoples under modern condi- Global Change tions

VYACHESLAV I. SHADRIN ELENA P. AMMOSSOVA*, RAISA N. ZAKHAROVA, AFANASIY FEDOROV, M.E. BALTAKHINOVA Arctic Research Department, Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North, SB 1 Research Institute of Health, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk RAS Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Introduction: The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) the responses indicate that most respondents do is located in the North of Russia. Yakutia has a not understand the responsibility for their health, harsh, sharply continental climate. From time im- lack of commitment to a healthy lifestyle and a memorial, all measures of health protection were passive attitude towards their health. Most re- inextricably linked with the way of life of northern spondents misunderstand and underestimate the peoples, with traditions and with a peculiar wor- role of health in their lives, and do not realize the ldview. Over the last century, the traditional way importance of health as an instrumental value. of life in Yakutia has radically changed: the rural Health as an instrumental value yields its primacy type of residence replaced urban one, physical to persistence and diligence, takes a lower place labor replaced mental one, type of nutrition has compared with terminal value. People of mature undergone the fundamental change, and techno- age more actively engaged in health, which is as- genic socialization replaced information isolation. sociated with deterioration of well-being and the All of the above factors lead to stress, destabili- presence of chronic diseases. Youth directs their zation of health-saving behavior and negatively life towards other activities, most of them think affect the health of the inhabitants of the North. that they are healthy and they do not deal with Methods: the responses of 292 respondents li- disease prevention. ving in rural Yakutia were analyzed. During study Conclusion: was used the questionnaire "Attitude to health" In the new environment, the behavioral skills of developed by Berezovskaya R.A. (2001), based the self-preserving behavior of the indigenous on the value-motivational scale. Theoretical and peoples of the North, which previously helped psychological basis is the concept of "Psycholo- to survive in harsh climatic conditions, have be- gy of Relationships." come inadequate. Nowadays, it is necessary to Results: Study revealed that the health of the ma- form a new strategy of behavior aimed at preser- jority of participants in the study is a priority vital ving the health of the population. value. Despite this, the results of the analysis of

28 29 Session 4 Session 4

O18 Rural Everyday Life in Yakutia in a Changing Environment O19 Food products in combination with unique northern raw materials

LILIYA I. VINOKUROVA KONSTANTIN M. STEPANOV Arctic Research Department, Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North, SB Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems / Yakut State Agricultural Academy RAS Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

The indigenous peoples of the Republic of Sakha tor in the development of man's spiritual life; it is In the Far North, there is a unique animal and mestic reindeer contains the greatest number of (Yakutia) still live in rural areas, which helped to a fertile ground for attachment to native places. vegetable raw material for the production of spe- essential amino acids in comparison with beef, keep traditional activities and ethnic cultures. In The very idea of a person about himself is formed cialized ingredients. It should also be emphasi- pork and lamb. rural space the main occupations of indigenous under the influence of the natural and cultural zed that the products of processing of forest ber- As a result of many years of research on the ac- peoples are cattle breeding, reindeer herding, environment in which he was born and grew up. ries and wild-growing food plants should occupy tual nutrition of the population living in the North, hunting and fishing. These traditional activities Here we analyzed the field materials, collected in a proper place in the composition of foodstuffs, medical and biological and technological require- linked and affected by nature and climate environ- rural areas of Yakutia during last 10 years. Data ensuring their delivery to the widest masses of ments for the composition, nutritional value and ment directly. Therefore all social consequences base consist of the interviews and life stories the population, increasing the biological value of food safety based on local raw materials have of environment changes are influencing in space of residents of villages in the arctic and central food without increasing its caloric content, which been formulated, regulatory and technical docu- of everyday of life. The indigenous population of districts of the Republic. Our observations high- is especially important for preventing the viola- mentation for production has been developed, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is represented lighted some interesting aspects of the topic of tion of fat metabolism and cardio -Vascular di- and prototypes have been obtained. The deve- by Sakha-Yakuts, Russian old-timers and small perception of climate and weather changes by seases. loped technologies take into account the popula- indigenous peoples of the North. The northern different groups of rural residents. For example, In extreme conditions of the Far North, deer pro- tion structure, specificity and material and tech- minorities of Yakutia are the Evenks, Evens, Yu- the historical comparative points of ecological duce the highest amount of biologically active nical support of the processing enterprises of the kagirs, Dolgans and Chukchi. and health phenomena in rural everyday life are substances. Accordingly, the drugs and products Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), which is extremely We believe, that the nature environment is a fac- very valuable. that are derived from these animals are more useful and promotes qualitative change of pro- valuable. A unique combination of substances ducts for their further improvement, expansion of in the meat of reindeer does not allow fat to ac- assortment and preservation of the health of the cumulate in the human body. In the meat of do- population of the North.

30 31 Session 4

O20 Bridging knowledge systems in nutrition and health research

STEFANIE LEMKE 1 Research Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University 2 Societal Transition and Agriculture, Institute for Social Sciences in Agriculture, University of Hohenheim Corresponding author: [email protected]

Food systems, and the social relations that sha- people perceive concepts such as ‘health’, ‘health pe them, provide an entry point for exploring care’, ‘nutrition’ and ‘environmental change’ and structural issues such as access to land and how these are interrelated. It is further important other resources needed to grow, collect, or hunt to understand the current practices of producing, food; the traditions and cultural practices of gro- processing, storing, preparing and consuming wing, preparing, and eating food; and the rela- food. Relevant questions in research on public tionships and power dynamics between various health promotion are for example: how have loss actors and institutions involved in the production, of land and other resources impacted on liveli- processing, and consumption of food. Food plays hoods, lifestyles and diets; who is in charge of an important role for wellbeing and health, in In- producing, processing and preparing food; what digenous, non-Indigenous, and urban contexts. is the role of local leaders; how is traditional and There is renewed attention on the role of local local knowledge transferred; who are role models food and knowledge systems for achieving more for the youth; what are underlying reasons for mi- sustainable production and consumption. strust toward public health care and how could Especially for Indigenous Peoples, their food they be overcome; what are factors that can en- systems, nutrition and health are threatened by hance capacity and resilience of individuals and environmental degradation and loss of biodiver- communities? sity, loss of cultural and spiritual heritage, com- Bridging Indigenous and Western research peting demands for land for production of food approaches, conducted in partnership of re- or fuel, and unsustainable and unhealthy con- searchers and local actors, can lead to co-de- sumption patterns and lifestyles. Public health signing public health policies and programmes. care systems have often suppressed Indigenous Examples of good practice from research on food worldviews and practice, resulting in barriers to systems, nutrition, public health and environmen- health care and education. tal impacts illustrate how this has led to initiatives In order to design appropriate public health po- promoting sustainable and healthy nutrition and licies and programmes, in line with the ‘One- lifestyles. Health-Concept’, it is critical to understand how

32 33 ABSTRACTS POSTER

34 35 Poster Session Poster Session

P1 The results of microbiological studies of representative of mammoth fauna P2 Microbiota and sanitation of underground glaciers in storage of foodstuffs preserved in frozen soils of Yakutia

MIKHAIL M. NEUSTROEV NEUSTROEV, М.P1,2*, TARABUKINA, N.P1, MAKSIMOVA, А.N.2, STEPANOVA, А.М.1 Dr. biol. sc., Republican Information and Analytical Center for Environmental Monitoring / The Ministry of 1 Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture named after M.G. Safronov ecology of the Republic of (Sakha) Yakutia 2 Yakut State Agricultural Academy Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Due to the permafrost Yakutia is an amazing pla- Salmonella, Escherihea, Shigella, Stafylococ- The whole territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yaku- is from 2,8х102 to 60,0х103 colony forming bacte- ce on the planet where scientists can find the re- cus, Streptococcus, Proteus, Micobacterium and tia) is occupied by permafrost, in which an enor- ria in 1 cm2, and air - from 1,4х102 to 23,6х103 mains of fossil animals that have survived thous- microscopic fungi as Aspergillus, Penicillium, mous supply of cold is accumulated, which directly colony forming bacteria / сm3. The microbiota of ands of years. and Alternaria. relates the climate to the sharp continentally and the underground glacier for food storage is mainly The study of the microbiota of representatives Antibiotic resistance of bacteria of the genus low temperatures. In the Republic, for a long time represented by soil spore-forming aerobic bacteria of mammoth fauna is relevant from the point of Bacillus isolated from paleomicroflora has also and until now, storage of food raw materials and of the genus Bacillus, as well as toxic and mold view of the directions of modern microbiology been established. food products in glaciers is widespread. The use fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Mucor and patho- and biotechnology: psychrophilia, cryoanabiosis, The obtained results show that bacteria of the of natural cold in the processing and storage of gens of yersiniosis, which can be dangerous and features of ecology and evolution of microorga- genus Bacillus isolated from the representatives food products under the conditions of Yakutia con- contaminate food. The solutions applied in the form nisms. of the mammoth fauna release strong bacterioci- tributes to severe winter, which lasts in some of of atomized spray through the containment cylinder Results: The microbiological studies on soft tis- ns, stopping the growth and development of other its regions up to 8-9 months and the presence of at the temperature of the glacier -21,0±0,8 OS. 1% sues of Mokhsunuokhsky, Yukagirsky, Malolyak- microorganisms. permafrost. Inadequate design requirements and solutions peracetie acid of NCA, at a consumption hovsky mammoths, Oimyakonsky and Khroms- The strongest bacteriocins produce strains of improper operation of underground refrigerators of 300-400 ml/m2, exposure of 18 hours, reliably ky youg mammoths, Kolyma woolly rhinoceros, B.subtilis isolated from the soft tissues of the lead to premature deterioration of stored food and disinfect the ice surfaces contaminated with patho- young mammoth Yukka, and Yukagir horses and Kolyma woolly rhinoceros and the Oimyakonsky a decrease in quality. gens of intestinal, coccal, spore infections. Electro- bison, Omoloysky young elk allow isolating 64 young mammoth. Carrying out the relevant works on sanitation has chemically activated anolite (with an active chlorine strains of microorganisms, including 42 strains of The study allowed for the first time to certify and difficulties due to the lack of effective means and content of 0.1 mg/ml) with addition of 0.5% NCA bacteria assigned to the genus Bacillus. Accor- deposite strains of bacteria B. subtilis "Koly- scientifically-based regimes. The aim of this work solution, a flow rate of 300 ml/m2 and an exposure ding to biochemical and physiological properties, ma-7/2k" and B. subtilis "Oimyakon-6/1", isolated is the study of microbiota and the development of of 5 hours, completely disinfects the ice surfaces they are attributed to the 9 species: B. megathe- from the Kolyma woolly rhinoceros and Oimya- effective methods and modes of reorganization of contaminated with Sal. abortus equi BN-12, Str. rium, B. subtilis, B.alvei, B. brevis, B.popillae, kon young mammoth in the collection of microor- the glaciers in the permafrost for food storage. The equi H-34, Bac. subtilis TNP-3. B. steurothermophilus, B.circulans, and B. la- ganisms of the Russian Research of Agricultural total microbial contamination of the glacier surface terosporus. All strains are not pathogenic for the Microbiology (St.Petersburg, 2010) for further laboratory animals. modern biotechnological research. We investigate antagonistic activity and antibi- The methods for restoring northern ecosystems otic stability of strains of the bacteria of genus have been developed using the strains of the Bacillus isolated from paleomicroflora. All strains bacteria Bacillus subtilis "Kolyma-7/2k" and B. of bacteria Bacillus isolated from the mammo- subtilis “Oimyakon-6-1”, isolated from paleo- th representatives show varying degrees of an- microflora. 2 patents of the Russian Federation tagonistic properties in relation to pathogenic for inventions have been obtained. and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms:

36 37 Poster Session Poster Session

P3 Sanitation of the udder of cows after milking using Bacillus subtilis strains P4 Development and production of biological protection means of agricultural animals, plants and environmental protection

SARGYLANA V. DULOVA1*, NADEZHDA P. TARABUKINA2 NADEZHDA P. TARABUKINA*, MIKHAIL P. NEUSTROEV 1 Doctoral student, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk 2 Scientific head, Prof. Dr. vet. sc., Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Bacteria of the genus Bacillus subtilis, isolated robic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms At present in the EU due to the environmental safe- ked xylanase and fructoziltransferase; from the permafrost soils of Yakutia, have an an- of nipples of the udder of the test group decrea- ty of food products the use of antibiotics is banned – Non-suppressive to growth and development tibacterial property with respect to pathogenic sed by 42.6 times compared to the control group. in breeding and agricultural producing. Therefore of beneficial microflora: lactobacillus and bifidus and potentially pathogenic microorganisms, as Thus, in the course of the experiment, it was the development and innovation of safe and effec- bacteria; well as the ability to stimulate the immunobiologi- established that the use of probiotic sanitary and tive probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics is pro- – Resistance to a wide range of antibiotics, so it cal reactivity on the animal organism. hygienic product "Probiodez 3+5" after milking ceeding in the world including Russia. is possible to use it in combination with antibiotics Particular attention should be paid to the treat- helps to reduce the level of the number of meso- In the recent decades the Yakut Agricultural Re- and the preparation is also recommended after se- ment of the udder after milking, it is recommen- philic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microor- search Institute has developed such a range of rious illness, antibiotic treatment, with rapidly elimi- ded to treat the udder with a special device that ganisms, the number of spore forming bacteria, innovative probiotics preparations on the basis of nated dysbacteriosis intestine. provides a protective film and prevents penetra- Staphylococci and Escherichia. It also showed biologically active and unique local natural strains The preparations are effective as a component tion of microorganisms into the teat canal, as the no side effects and no allergic skin reactions of of bacteria Bacillus subtilis. of inactivated vaccines, mineral and vitamin feed teat canal remains open and a "soft vacuum" is the nipples of the cow udder. Biological properties of preparations based on a additives, premixes and animal feed, bacterial fer- created which draws air and dirt into the teat can- The scientific novelty of development is con- strain of bacteria Bacillus subtilis "TNP-3" and Ba- tilizers for increasing soil fertility and crop in the al. firmed by application at No. 2018106423 from cillus subtilis "TNP-5" and isolated from the per- prevention and treatment of respiratory, digestive, When treating the skin of the udder with a hygi- 2/20/2018, on obtaining the patent of the Russian mafrost soils of Yakutia: reproductive, pyo-necrotic wounds mycotoxicosis, enic product based on strains of the bacterium B. Federation for inventions. – Marked antagonistic action against many patho- microbiocenosis adjusting, immunobiological reac- subtilis, with a daily 2-fold application after mil- The practical significance of the research is that gens and opportunistic pathogens (streptococci, tivity of the animal organism and promising for fod- king, significantly reduces the microbial contami- probiotic drugs will be used of sanitation of ob- staphylococci, E.coli, salmonella, brucella, Campy- der (haylage, silage) are widely used in livestock nation of the nipples of the cow udder. At the end jects of veterinary supervision. lobacter, Mycobacteria Leptospirosis, and viruses) farms of the republic, successfully tested on the of the 30-day trial, the number of mesophilic ae- as well as some of toxigenic fungi (Penicillum, As- farms of the Novosibirsk and Amur regions, the Re- pergillus, Stachybotrus) and soil microorganisms - public of Buryatia and Mongolia. pathogens of fungal diseases (Rhizoctonia-solani, The preparations are not inferior, but superior to Streptomyces, Fusarium oxysporum); many foreign and Russian probiotics in performan- – Stimulation of the beneficial intestinal microflora ce and breadth of the spectrum .The scientific no- development; velty of the development is protected by 24 patents – Increasing of the immunobiological reactivity of of Russian Federation. The production is certified the organism; and organized with the laboratory for the develop- – Complex of enzymatic activities: proteolytic, ge- ment of microbial preparations of the Yakut agricul- latinase, amylase, cellulose, B-gluconase and mar- tural research institute.

38 39 Poster Session Poster Session

P5 The effect of climate change on the threat of zoonotic diseases in the P6 Cestodiasis infection of the fish of the middle course of the Lena river Arctic region (by the example of Yakutia) under the conditions of increasing man-caused impact

K. NIFONTOV*, M. POTAPOV, N. STRUCHKOV, A. PROKOPIEVA PL ATONOV, T.A., KUZMINA, N.V., NYUKKANOV, A.N.* 1 Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut State Agricultural Academy, Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected] The study of populations under the conditions of old is 16.6, 25.0, 44.4 and 36.3%, respectively, the anthropogenic load is one of the tasks, the solu- infection intensity is from 1 to 3 specimens, the ab- Reindeer breeding, horse breeding and livestock anthrax, rabies, brucellosis, leptospirosis, tu- tion of which is necessary for understanding the undance index reaches 2.0 specimens. production historically always was an integral laremia, necrobacteriosis, echinocosis, alveo- mechanisms of the stability of biological systems. Along the Viliuy river 49 specimens of the burbot part of the national economy of Russia providing coccosis, trichinosis, etc. The possibility of the When contaminated from industry, the greatest im- were examined by the method of complete helmin- the need for specific types of raw materials and appearance of new, previously not observed pact is experienced by water bodies, which due to thological dissection. According to the research, food which production is caused by severe clima- infectious diseases is confirmed by history the their characteristics are concentrators of toxicants. Diphyllobothrium latum plerocercoids has not been tic conditions and also social and economic and spread of such infections in the Republic as Therefore, here in the north-east of Russia as well found in fish. Out of 49 specimens of the burbot in national peculiarities of the country. brucellosis of reindeer and pseudotuberculosis. as all over the world, the issue of qualitative deple- 36.7% of them the larval stage of Triaenophorus For increase in production of meat production of The goals and objectives of the study include tion of aquatic ecosystems becomes important. In nodulosus has been found with the infection inten- horse breeding, livestock production and rein- monitoring of new forms of diseases of northern this respect, the left tributary of the Lena river, the sity 1-3 specimens. deer breeding it is necessary to use rationally animals in connection with global warming and Viliuy river, where intensive mineral development Thus, in the present period, with a high anthropo- available potential of breeds of the horses, cattle the development of methods for optimizing the- is being conducted, is a convenient model for inve- genic load on water bodies, a gradual decrease in and reindeers divorced in the Sakha (Yakutia) rapeutic measures and disease prevention, for stigating the impact of man-made load on the eco- the degree of infestation of fish with the plerocer- Republic which are well acclimatized to climatic obtaining biologically safe products of animal ori- system under current conditions. The advantage of coids of Diphyllobothrium latum is being observed. conditions. In this regard a monitoring problem gin. parasitic objects over other biological test objects This leads to a gradual destruction of the foci of zoonoses and creation of effective system of di- The novelty and effectiveness of research is as- is that "parasites accumulate all the changes oc- diphyllobothriasis and their attenuation which has agnostics, treatment and prevention of diseases sociated with the development of innovative me- curring in the reservoir and more fully than other an important epizootological value. Taking into ac- of farm animals of the Arctic with diseases of an thods, the scientific methodology of research and hydrobionts" and therefore, can serve as a more count the constant discharge of waste waters by infectious and noninfectious etiology for recei- commercialization. The work is carried out at the revealing object for assessing the state of the river various industrial and household enterprises into ving biologically safe and qualitative (functional) scientific, practical, methodological and experi- basin. reservoirs and their slow transition to non-wa- livestock products. mental levels in an integrated system of knowled- For the investigation, the regions with different an- ste technologies, in the coming years the flow of For a long time there are natural foci of a num- ge, including: veterinary medicine, zootechnolo- thropogenic load were selected: the middle course pollutants into the environment is likely to continue. ber of infectious and parasitic diseases of man gy and economics. of the Lena river and its left tributary, the Viliuy. There is a shift of complex specialized systems and animals on the territory of Yakutia, such as For the period of 2011-15 there is a slight increase with a great variety of species to much simpler mo- in the prevalence of the pike with Diphyllobothri- notypes. Stable changes in the environment which um latum plerocercoids. The prevalence of the pike cause a constant excess of the maximum impact aged 4, 5, 6 years old is equal to 28.5, 33.3, and on the reservoir lead to occurrence of new biotopes 36.3%, the infection intensity is from 1 to 5 spe- and a stable change in the existing biocenoses, cimens, the abundance index is 0.64, 0.55 and 1.09 structural and species rearrangement of aquatic specimens respectively. The infection of the pike communities. The processes of self-purification aged 7, 9, 10 years old is 62.5, 60.0, 100%, with the go to a fundamentally different level. Therefore, infection intensity 1-8 specimens, the abundance the parasitological situation in the reservoir is an index is 2.0, 3.4 and 4.25 specimens respectively. indicator of its sanitary state, since a specific pa- The total infection of the pike with plerocercoids of rasitological situation corresponds to a reservoir of diphyllobothriasis is 45.0%, the abundance index is a certain degree of contamination. Parasites are 1.4 specimen. able to withstand only a certain level of pollution, The total infection of the burbot in the Viliuy river with the excess of which leads to their disappearance Triaenophorus nodulosus plerocercoids is 36.8%. in the fauna that primarily depends on the stability The prevalence of the burbot aged 4-5-6-7 years of their hosts. 40 41 Poster Session Poster Session

P7 The helminths and helminthiasis of reindeer in Yakutia P8 Strongilyatoses of Herd Breeding Horses

LUDMILA M. KOKOLOVA*, INNOKENTIY I. GRIGOR'EV LUDMILA M. KOKOLOVA*, LUBOV YU. GAVRIL'EVA Laboratory of Helminthology, Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture Laboratory of Helminthology, Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Herd horse breeding in Yakutia is a traditional and 44.4%, Alfortia edentates 44.4%, Delafondia 75% Reindeer is the main ecology and traditional way - a species Dictyocaulus viviparus parasitizing important branch of animal husbandry. One of the and Trichonematidae 100%. of life and the main production activity of the Ko- in bronchi 34.7 ± 1.72% of deer, 13.2 ± 2.1 spe- deterrents to increase the productivity of herd hor- The main Strongilyatoses of horses were 95% in rean inhabitants of the mountain taiga zone and cimens; trichostrongylosis Trichostrongylus col- se breeding are diseases caused by helminths, the Namsky District, 93.1% in the Megino-Kan- the most important part of the life of the Repu- umbriformis, Trichostrongylus axei parasitizing in which are widespread in the territory of Yakutia and galassky District, 95.5% in the Amginsky District, blic of Sakha (Yakutia). Further development of abomasum and intestines in 27,4 ± 1,2%, with (II) cause damage due to a decrease in the producti- 100% in the Suntarsky District, and 100% in the reindeer husbandry, increase in productivity and 63 ± 3,2 copies; trematodes: paramphistomato- vity of animals and the mortality of young animals. Nyurbinsky District. profitability of reindeer husbandry are not pos- sis - the species Paramphistomum cervi in 26.7 ± It is known that the use of anthelminthic drugs for The results of coprological studies of horses for the sible without reliable organization and effective 1.37% to 1536 ± 86.1 specimens, cotylophorono- the body of animals does not pass without a tra- detection of eggs and larvae of Strongylus equinus, protection of domestic reindeer from parasitic sis - the species Cotylophoron skrjabini in 27,7 ± ce, along with active helminthicidal actions cause Alfortia edentates, Delafondia vulgaris and Tricho- diseases, helminthiases, which cause significant 6,4% up to 308 specimens; cestodoza: moniesi- functional changes in the body of animals, which is nematidae showed that the extent of invasion (EI) economic damage in farms engaged in breeding osis - the species Moniezia (Moniezia) rangiferi- established by studies in the field of veterinary me- of the major Strongilyatoses of horses was 95% domestic reindeer. na in 41.5 ± 1.58% with (II) 2-8 ± 1.1 specimens; dicine. Now in the whole world there is an interest in the Namsky district, 93.1% in the Megino-Kan- The results of the research showed that in the avitellinosis - species Avitellina arctica Kolmakov in the use of natural means of protecting the health galassky district, - 95.5%, the Suntarsky district - mountain taiga zone of Yakutia in domestic rein- 13.3 ± 0.3% with (II) 3-11 ± 2.1 specimens.Lar- of animals and humans. 100% and the Nyurbinsky district - 100%. deer, parasitic diseases are common in all rein- val stages of the family. Taeniidae cysticercosis: In this regard, the development of scientifically ba- With the combined use of anthelmintics, the Equi- deer husbandry areas of the zone. According to Cysticercus parenchimatosa parasitizing in the sed, environmentally safe and effective methods sect pasta and the probiotic "Sakhabactisubtil", a the results of helminthological intestinal opening liver in 56.7% with EI averaging 67.9 ± 2.4 ex.; of correction from helminth-bacterial etiology and relatively rapid recovery of the qualitative and quan- of 1143 deer, 34 species were parasitized, inclu- type Cysticercus tarandi parasitizing in the mus- post-dehelminthization dysbacteriosis is an urgent titative composition of microorganisms occurs, the ding 3 species of trematodes, 6 species of ces- cle tissue an average of 12.6 ± 1.6% of deer at an task of veterinary medicine in the Far North. number of lacto- and bifidobacteria increased si- todes including 4 species of cestodes parasiti- intensity of infestation (II) from 23 to more than The results of the research show that 42 species of gnificantly, the content of pathogenic and opportu- zing in the larval stage, 27 species of nematodes, 1000 specimens, heart muscle in 31.9 ± 1.5%, Strongyloids parasitize the herd breeding horses in nistic microflora decreased. 2 species of the simplest unicellular blood-para- with (II) from 9 to 56 ex. .; type Cysticercus tae- the Central and Western zones of Yakutia. The most Thus, the developed scientifically based techno- sites and 1 species of larvae of lingvats, as well nuicollis in 8,7 ± 0,8%, with (II) - 2,0 ± 0,1 eks; common Strongyloids are the species Strongylus logy of complex therapy of Strongilyatoses is an as 4 parasites: 2 species of gadfly larvae, 1 spe- laryngeal echinococcosis - species Echinococ- equinus, Alfortia edentates, Delafondia vulgaris effective, promising, ecologically safe method of cies of imago oribatid mite, 1 species - ixodine cus granulosus larva laryngeal echinococcosis and numerous species of Trichonematidae. When therapy and prevention of Strongylatoses of herd mite. in 5.1 ± 0.13% with (II) of 2-3 echinococcal cysts 455 horses were examined for coprologic exami- breeding horses under the conditions of Yakutia. Of these, the most epizootologically significant in the liver or in the lungs. According to the de- nation, there were identified Strongylus equinus nematodes are: ostertagiosis-parasitizes Oster- gree of occurrence, associations of 10 types of tagia species are found in 54.9 ± 2.8% of deer, an infestations were identified: kotolidony + moniezii average of 61.5 ± 4.12 specimens; Nematodirosis + ostertagia + haemonchus + oesophagostoma - parasitizes the species Nematodirus skrjabini +nematodir + trichostrongylus + strongyloid + parasitizing in the small intestine was found in cysticerci + linguatula larvae were observed in 52.8 ± 3.1%, with (II) 44.4 ± 1.5 ex .; Dictiokuiales 14.1 ± 0.8% of the reindeer.

42 43 Poster Session Poster Session

P9 Influence of keeping conditions and climate on the development of louses P10 Predatory fungi as natural enemies of nematodes - trichodectes pilosus of herd breeding horses in the western zone of Yakutia

LUDMILA M. KOKOLOVA*, LUBOV YU. GAVRIL'EVA LUDMILA M. KOKOLOVA*, SVETLANA M. STEPANOVA Laboratory of Helminthology, Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture Laboratory of Helminthology, Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Currently, in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), an interval of 10 days. Before the disinfestation, Predatory fungi, Hyphomycetes, are found in all nematophagous effect, forming traps in the form herd horse breeding is widespread almost eve- the remains of food and water were previously parts of the world and in different climatic zones; of adhesive loops and plexuses trapping the rywhere and has both a productive and a wor- removed in the presence of animals from the more than 100 species are known. Strongyloides larvae, digesting their contents. king direction. One of the serious problems of the corral. The animals were kept for 1.5 hours after It is established that Predatory fungi exist in the The nematophagous activity of strains of pure development of herd horse breeding is the infec- treatment, and then released from the corral. All soil in the form of chlamydospores. Studies have culture of Arthrobotrys oligospora of nemato- tion of horses with parasites. Early onset of heat, works with “Entomozan-C” should be carried out confirmed the widespread prevalence of carnivo- de larvae is estimated by the number of formed the arrival of spring in April led to the appearan- using personal prevention measures. rous fungi in nature. hamstring loops and the ability to capture mo- ce of ectoparasites previously unidentified in this Louses were found in 100% of the various-aged For the first time, we isolated two strains preda- bile nematode larvae. Based on the results of herd of horses. herd breeding horses. At a clinical examination tory fungi of the genus Arthrobotrys oligospora experimental studies, a high degree of preda- Horse biting louses are ectoparasites of mam- on the skin areas inhabited by louses, the hair is from the permafrost soils of the Republic of Sakha tion of strains of Arthrobotrys oligospora was mals belonging to the Mallophaga order. Mal- disheveled, of unequal length. In the hair there (Yakutia). To isolate Predatory – nematophagous determined with respect to the Strongyloides lophaga order includes up to 2,500 species, of are a large amount of exfoliated epidermis and fungi, the collection of the material was carried of horses and their larvae. The rapid growth of which about 50 parasites in mammals, and the a shell of lice, and also bald patches and focal out from various soils of the horse pasture, tree macroconidia and the formation of hawking loo- rest in birds. They cause itching, calculus, hair dermatitis are found in the neck, shoulders, gro- trunks, rotting plant residues, food residues, and ps in the presence of Strongyloides larvae were loss and hyperkeratosis of the skin in animals. in, and tail root. There is itching in horses. In the animal feces. Predatory hyphomycetes living in observed in the experiments, the ability and rate Louses are carriers of infectious and invasive pa- study of hair, there were found Trichodectes pi- the permafrost soil of Yakutia can become na- of capture of living larvae, killing and digestion of thogens (infectious anemia of horses, dipylidio- losus, small wingless insects of yellow or light tural regulators of the number of Strongyloides their contents, the rate of increase in the biomass sis of carnivores, etc.). brown color. larvae in horses of herd breeding. of the fungus, and the formation of more macro- The aim of the work is to study the distribution In the treatment of horses with the preparations The appearance of the colonies of the fungus conidia, depending on the number of nematode of louses in the herd breeding horses of Yakutia. “Aversect-2” and “Entomozan-C”, 20 horses were Arthrobotrys oligospora has a neutral red co- larvae. We conducted a clinical examination and collec- released from the louses, the efficiency was lor. According to the morphological structure, It has been developed a technique for obtaining tion of louses from 10 adult horses and 10 foals 100%. the isolated fungi are multicellular, consisting a biologically active preparation using a myce- of the current year of birth of the herd breeding Conclusions of thin-walled, monopodially branching threads lial mass of strains of Arthrobotrys oligospora horses in the peasant farming “Syrdyk Suol” of Thus, in the conditions of Western Yakutia, for located without a definite order, with a regular on oats and a liquid form for use in experiments the Suntarsky district. It was determined by N.N. the first time there were found horse biting louses contour and simple septa. against the Strongylatosis infestation of herd Plavilschikov. - Trichodectes pilosus, 100% affected horses in The isolated pure culture of fungi Arthrobotrys breeding horses. There was carried out the treatment of the in- this farm. oligospora exhibits a very high attractant and fested horses by the louses. The animals were In this regard, it is necessary to strictly control treated with “Aversect-2” in a dose of 1 ml per 50 the veterinary and sanitary condition of animals kg of animal weight, subcutaneously in the fore- and their places of maintenance, as well as the arm region, once, and also sprayed with “Ento- timely isolation of animals affected by louses to mozan-C” - 0.01% aqueous solution, twice with avoid the spread of this parasite in Yakutia.

44 45 Poster Session Poster Session

P11 Features of the epizootic situation of bovine tuberculosis in the Republic P12 Disease Strangles of horses in Yakutia of Sakha (Yakutia)

NATALYA A. OBOEVA EVDOKYA I. ELBYADOVA*, MIKHAIL P. NEUSTROEV Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Tuberculosis of humans and animals in Russia re- is a problem of allergic reactions to tuberculin. One of the most common infectious diseases horse strangles. mains one of the hard-to-solve problems of medi- Thus, the number of reacting animals over the past among horses is the Strangles, which occurs in al- At the present date, the radical task of veterinary cine and veterinary medicine. Thus, according to 10 years ranged from 0.02% to 0.09%, which in- most all districts of the Republic. Basically, young medicine is to develop a vaccine against the horse the information and analytical center of the Ros- troduces ambiguity into the epizootic situation. No animals get sick from 6 to 12 months of age. strangles. selkhoznadzor for 2017, the epizootic situation of less important is the epidemiology of tuberculosis, The disease is characterized by the defeat of the We isolated and identified a new strain of Strepto- bovine tuberculosis in the country has worsened since there were recorded cases of mutual infection mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, coccus equi to develop a new effective vaccine compared to 2016 (the number of diseased animals of tuberculosis with cattle and their owners during pharynx and the development of abscesses of re- against the horse strangles. for 2016 was 535, and for 2017: 1340). the period of relatively good epizootic situation. gional lymph nodes. The causative agent of this di- A new strain of Streptococcus equi N-5/1 on mor- Tuberculosis of cattle in the territory of Yakutia was According to the results of bacteriological studies sease is Streptococcus equi. phological, tinctorial, cultural and genetic proper- officially registered in 1922 and for more than 60 of biomaterial from tuberculosis-responsive cattle, The fight against the horse strangles is to identify ties was identified and confirmed as the horse years the epizootic situation for this disease re- non-tuberculosis mycobacteria were isolated. 11 sick animals, to isolate them, to conduct therapeu- strangles Streptococcus. mained tense. The disease was recorded mainly types of non-tuberculous mycobacteria persisting tic and preventive measures. Scientists of the Yakut Currently, a new effective inactivated vaccine in the central and western economic zones. Since in cattle in tuberculosis-safe herds in Yakutia were Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture in 2000s against the horse strangles with immunomodulator 1988, the Republic has recovered from this infecti- identified. Studies on the identification of cultures developed and implemented inactivated vaccine has been developed on the basis of Streptococ- on. However, in 1996-1998 and 2001, sporadic ou- of non-tuberculous mycobacteria have shown that against the horse strangles with immunomodulator. cus equi N-5/1 strain. The culture liquid (CL) of the tbreaks of the disease were recorded. According to 77% of mycobacterial cultures belong to the IV The vaccine was made on the basis of Streptococ- bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis TNP-3, deposited the results of laboratory studies, there were identi- group according to Runyon's classification, while cus equi strain N-34, which was deposited in the in the All-Union State Scientific and Control Insti- fied tuberculosis of bovine and, in 2001 of human only cases of the isolation of photochromogenic, collection of the All-Russian State Control Institute tute of Veterinary Preparations was used as the type. Recovery was carried out by the method of scotochromogenic and nonphotochromogenic my- of Veterinary Preparations. Wide production trials immunomodulator. The new vaccine is completely complete replacement of the disadvantaged herds cobacteria were noted. have shown a high efficiency (up to 95%) of speci- harmless to animals and has a high immunogenic with healthy animals. At the same time, with the of- As the most fast-growing mycobacteria were identi- fic vaccine prevention against the horse strangles. ability. ficial welfare of the Republic on tuberculosis, there fied M.vaccae which is a feature of the region. Currently, the vaccine is not produced due to the At this time, a new vaccine against the horse expiry of the registration period in the Russian Fe- strangles is in the approval stage in the Rosselkho- deration. In Russia there is no vaccine against the znadzor registry.

46 47 Poster Session Poster Session

P13 Rhinopneumonia of Horses in Yakutia P14 Epizootic condition of the brucellosis of northern reindeer in the Republic Sakha (Yakutia)

ANDRIAN A. POPOV*, MIKHAIL P. NEUSTROEV EVGENIY S. SLEPTSOV, NIKOLAY V. VINOKUROV* Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Rhinopneumonia (viral abortion of mares, sexu- Neustroev, 1994, 2007, K.P. Yurov, 1997).. The article contains the materials of the dynamics areas remains unchanged, correlating with some al exanthema, rhinotracheitis of horses) is a viral According to the research of M.P. Neustroev, the of unfavorable points for brucellosis in reindeer stabilization of livestock dynamics. illness characterized by inflammation of the mu- causative agent of rhinopneumonia in the spring herding in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The The number of disadvantaged items shows us a cous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, and summer periods (April-August) with fluctua- data analysis demonstrates how the effectiveness tendency to decrease: from 19 districts in 1988 to 8 and in mares - by abortions in the second half of tions in atmospheric temperature from -16°C to of the diagnostic studies of reindeer on brucellosis in 2017. The contamination of reindeer in the tundra the trough. The causative agent is a DNA-conta- +33°C and relative humidity of 33-43% in the ex- has changed over the past 28 years. This can be zone of the Republic has significantly decreased ining virus (F.M. Orlov, 1997). ternal environment maintains viability and patho- seen from the results of statistical analysis, where (by 1.4-3.9 percent) and it is 0.6-1.3 percent. Infec- At present, the European part of Russia has genicity up to 110 days. the correlation coefficient between the two ranges tion with deer brucellosis in the mountain taiga and studied the epizootology of rhinopneumonia in- In Russia there is used viral vaccine against rhi- of values was -0.02 (r = -0.02). After 2007, the forest-tundra zones is 0.1-2.2 per cent, brucellosis fluenza and developed measures for the pre- nopneumonia, dry culture SV/69, but this vac- picture changed dramatically, and the direct cor- in animals in the taiga zone is not established. vention by vaccines. As you know, the causative cine was not widely used in extreme conditions relation coefficient already amounted to 0.9 (r = + agent of rhinopneumonia can cause abortions of Yakutia, as it provides for a two-fold admini- 0.9). That is, the number of reacting animals with a in mares, as well as rhinitis and pneumonia in stration. Revaccination occurs in January-Febru- high degree of reliability depended on the number References young horses (K.P. Yurov, 1999). ary, when the pregnancy of mares reaches 8-9 of animals examined. 1. Immunoprophylaxis of brucellosis of reindeers For the first time in Yakutia, the circulation of the months, which contradicts the instructions for the The analysis of the epizootic state of the tundra, fo- using anti-brucellosis vaccines in the Republic of rhinopneumonia virus was established in 1993 by use of the vaccine. Also, the bringing of herds rest-tundra, mountain-taiga and taiga territorial-cli- Sakha (Yakutia). / E. S. Sleptsov, N. V. Vinokurov, Neustroev M.P. (V.F. Butkovsky, 2003). during this period causes certain difficulties due matic zones of the republic in the brucellosis of do- M. I. Iskandarov, V. I. Fedorov, I. D. Zamyanov. No- Rapid spread of the disease is facilitated by a lar- to high snow cover and the danger of abortion of mestic reindeer was carried out from 1988 to 2016. vosibirsk, 2016. ge accumulation of horses, the replacement of in- a traumatic nature. The percentage of positively reacting to brucello- 2. Sleptsov E. S., Vinokurov N. V., Evgrafov G. G. dividuals in the exchange and purchase of horses The development of new effective vaccines sis of reindeer in the tundra zone is, on average, Reactogenic, antigenic and immunogenic proper- between areas and other regions, stress and the against infectious diseases will contribute to the 2-3 times higher than that of the mountain taiga ties of the culture from pcs. B.suis 61 in experi- locating of pregnant mares and foals, and adult increase of livestock and horse breeding pro- and forest-tundra zone. Percentage of infected ments on guinea pigs // Agricultural Bulletin of the horses in one place. The disease also occurs in ducts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). animals in unfavourable areas in 1988-1990 was Urals. 2015, 7 (137),. pp. 32-35. small farms and herds with grazing housing (M.P. very high and was 2.0-5.2%. As a result of ongoing 3. Experimental brucellosis of cattle in the Republic anti-brucellosis measures, the number of infected of Sakha (Yakutia): monograph / E. S. Sleptsov, M. animals in 2008-2010 decreased significantly and P. Albertyan, N. V. Vinokurov, I. D. Zamyanov, A. A. is 0.6-1.3%. However, the number of unfavourable Hoch. Novosibirsk, 2016.

48 49 Poster Session Poster Session

P15 Veterinary and sanitary examination of semipermeable fish (chi and omul) P16 Heavy metals in commercial fish of the Artic rivers of Yakutia in the basins of the rivers Yana and Kolyma with Diphyllobothriasis

N. POPOVA, A. ABRAMOV M.N. SIDOROV, D.N. NEUSTROEV Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut State Agricultural Academy Corresponding author: Corresponding author:

Relevance: The first and the most important rule manufactured goods, the population needs biolo- In recent decades, there is environmental pollution Especially, rivers are polluted (including pollution of feeding the population of Far North is the eco- gical full and ecologically safe food. everywhere. Water bodies are contaminated of by with heavy metals) near major population centers logically safe products, which are must be con- The goal of the workis scientific rationale and various chemical substances, among which, heavy and mining enterprises. formed by reasonable veterinary-sanitary exper- development of veterinary-sanitary expertise and metals are the most interesting, because of their Content of the heavy metals in the muscular tissue tise and by evaluation of slaughter products of evaluation of biological and ecological safety of ability to accumulate and high toxicity for living or- of the various types of commercial fish is not high; domestic, wild commercial animals, feathered slaughter products of wild animals, sea mam- ganisms. their concentration is diverse and varies in the ran- wildfowl, and fishes in case of some infectious, mals, birds, and fishes in Arctic zones of Yakutia. Our research goals were evaluation of water conta- ge of standard sanitary requirements – Maximum parasitic, and non-infectious diseases. For achieving goals these tasks are necessary to mination, content of heavy metals in the water and Permissible Concentration for alimentary raw ma- In connection with, special relevance nowadays be done: main commercial fish that was caught in the lower terials and food products. By absolute number of is problem of getting good-quality and ecologi- ● organoleptic researches reaches of Arctic rivers of Yakutia – Lena, Yana, In- content - Zinc, Copper and Iron are leading, which cally safe products at all stages of technological ● study of physico-chemical indicators digirka and Kolyma. That is because lower reaches indicates that these metals are prevailing in the en- recycling and veterinary-sanitary expertise. In all ● microbiological researches and river deltas are fish nursery grounds and pos- vironment and water. On top of it, they have gre- developed countries in case of excess of feeding ● detection of invasive diseases sible locations of contaminant accumulation from at biological and physiological value in the life of products the most actual problem on that stage is Scientific novelty of this work is that by the results catch basin. Dynamic of pollution content in the the water organisms, so they are important com- problem of quality and safety of food. of researches, this will be the first time in Yakutia waters of arctic rivers is characterized by seasonal ponents and they accumulate in their body. The Modern conditions of market economy provide of developing guidelines of veterinary-sanitary variation. The highest concentration of pollutants smallest accumulation of lead, cadmium and mer- knowledge and improvement of veterinary-sani- expertise of semi-anadromous fish (chir, omul, is observed during spring-summer seasonal flood. cury in fish can be explained by the small content tary evaluation of fish products. Study of species, and other species). Main water pollutants are phenols, organic sub- of these elements in pure form, in water and in the amount, migration routes, and commodity cha- Basic provisions for protection: by the end of stances, and Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn combinations. Earth crust. racteristics of the commercial semi-anadromous the work, practical suggestions and recommen- fish (chir, omul, and other species) in Yakutia are dations for using some of the semi-anadromous poorly understood. That’s why integrated appro- fish as an ecological safe feeding product will be ach is needed. Parasitology, organoleptic, and presented. physico-chemical researches are necessary for Scientific justification of industrial fishing in the an objective assessment of fish safety. East Siberian Sea and in the Laptev Sea: study of In modern conditions, when competition between species, their amount, migration routes and com- imported and domestic production is obvious, it modity characteristics of commercial sea species is necessary in accordance with the quality and of fish. safety of products, scientific and technical pro- The results can be used in case of rationale of duction efficiency of international standards. Be- ecological safety of food raw materials and of fore the food industry and trade in international feeding products in these regions.

50 51 Poster Session Poster Session

P17 Application of probiotics in poultry farming P18 The use of probiotics based on strains of Bacillus subtilis bacteria in the industrial pig production

A.M. STEPANOVA MARFA P. SKRYABINA Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: Corresponding author:

Currently in Russia there is active development 3. The use of the probiotic "Nord-Bact" on laying and introduction of safe, effective probiotic pre- hens: The Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agri- improve digestibility and digestibility of feeds, con- parations at cultivation of agricultural animals - significantly increases the content of vital mi- culture in recent decades has developed a num- tribute to an increase in live weight. and obtaining animal products. Poultry is one of nerals and vitamins in the yolk, protein, shell; ber of innovative probiotic preparations based on The use of probiotic preparations for pigs, starting the priority early-ripening livestock industries. - reduces the battle eggs by 1.4 % and the cont- biologically active, natural strains of Bacillus sub- from the period of newborn to slaughter, positively Yakutia, along with the support of traditional li- amination of eggs by 4.7 %; tilis bacteria isolated from the permafrost soils of influences the microbial landscape, the safety of vestock industries, pays attention to the develop- - increases productivity by 4%; Yakutia, such as “Sakhabactisubtil”, “Nord-Bact”, pigs rises by 34-53%, the incidence decreases from ment of industrial poultry in the Far North, as a - provides microbiological safety of egg products “Hongurinobact” and culture liquid from strains 4 to 20 times, the average daily gain increases, the supplier of dietary food such as eggs and poultry. and organic waste; of Bacillus subtilis bacteria “TNP-3” and “TNP-5”. quality of meat improves: the protein content in- Our Institute developed on the basis of strains of - joint use of probiotic "Nord-Bact" with antibiotic The preparations are used in the prevention and creases by 3.9%, carbohydrates - 12%, fat (8.4%), bacteria B. subtilis TNP-3 and B. subtilis TNP- not only prevents dysbacteriosis, but also retains treatment of gastrointestinal diseases of agricultu- the concentration of vitamins (A, B12, B3, D, B1, 5, probiotic drug "Nord-Bact", isolated from per- the concentration of vitamins, macro-and microe- ral animals, the strains antagonize the bacteria, vi- B2, E, B, E) and trace elements of iron by 14%, mafrost soils. lements in the egg, which is reduced by antibiotic ruses, fungi, produce a complex of enzymes, (pro- fluorine (11.6%), potassium (4.6%), the cholesterol The aim of this work is to develop a technology therapy; tease, gelatinase, amylase, cellulase, β-gluconase, content is reduced by 14.3%. for the use of probiotic "Nord-Bakt" in industri- - after application of a probiotic "Nord-Bact" of xylonase, fructosyltransferase), which enhance the As a result of the phased use of probiotic prepara- al poultry farming, starting with the processing organic waste of poultry to obtain feed additive antagonistic properties of preparations and con- tions “Hongurinobact”, “Sakhabactisubtil” and the of incubation eggs, including periods of growing How to use: the probiotic "Nord-Bakt" containing tribute to a more pronounced probiotic effect. In culture liquid of the bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis young and producing egg products. B. subtilis TNP-3 and B. subtilis TNP-5 at the rate addition, the preparations are active inducers of “TNP-3”, the body's safety, resistance, the growth 1. In sanitation of hatching eggs the probiotic of 5x107 CFU/Gol, 1 time a day with water, daily, endogenous interferon, increase immunobiological rate of pigs in various age groups are increased, "Nord-Bact" compared to a chemical disinfectant for 10 days each month. reactivity and correct the metabolism of the body, and the quality of meat is improved. helps to reduce embryonic mortality 2.7 times; According to the results of the research 3 patents increase the output of chickens by 1 %; the for- of the Russian Federation for the invention were mation of normal intestinal microbiota from the obtained: first days of life of chickens. 1. "The rehabilitation method of hatching eggs of Method of use: the truck with the eggs before chickens" / M. P. Neustroev, N. P. Tarabukina, M. placing in the incubation Cabinet once local an- A. Neustroev, M. P. Fedorova, S. I. Parnikova, esthesia is sprayed on the probiotic "Nord-Bact" No. 2009105956121 (007985) 02.07.2010 g content 1х109 B. subtilis CFU/ml at the rate of 0.1 2. "Method of improving the quality of egg pro- to 1 egg. ducts chickens" / M. p., Neustroev, A. M. Ste- 2. The use of the probiotic "Nord-Bact" on young panov, N. P. Tarabukina, M. P. Fedorova, S. I. birds: corrects intestinal microbiocenosis from Parnikova, D. D. Neustroev No. 2477055 from the first days of life to the adult period; takes an 10.03.2013 g. active part in metabolism, affects the vitamin and 3. "Method of preparation of feed additives from mineral complex of the body, improves the quality poultry manure with the use of bacterial strains of meat in biochemical composition; Bacillus subtilis TNP-3-DEP" and "Bacillus sub- - preservation of the number of young birds up tilis TNP-5-DEP"; Neustroev M. P., Tarabukina N. to 99.65%; P. Neustroev D. D., Stepanova M. A., Parnikova - increase in live weight by 10.3 % of the planned S. I.

52 53 Poster Session Poster Session

P19 Issues of preservation of the valuable gene pool of the Yakut breed P20a The Yakut Cattle

YANA L. SHADRINA*, STEPAN I. ZAROVNYAEV VARVARA V. ROMANOVA*, RUSLAN G. POPOV Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk; Corresponding author: [email protected] Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk The Yakut cattle are the only native Siberian breed 3. The analysis data of Y-chromosomes indicate Corresponding author: [email protected] preserved in purity. The breed was created by na- the proximity of the Yakut cattle to some European tional selection in the extreme conditions of the and Middle Eastern cattle. Far North. As of January 1, 2018, the number of 4. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences (mtD- Because of the small number of modern popula- common pedigree of these breeds. Also, Yakut the Yakut cattle was 1.666 animals, including 678 NA) showed that haplogroups T3, T2 are characte- tion of Yakut cattle, there arises an urgent ques- cattle were found in one cluster of phylogenetic cows. It is a threatening status. The Yakut cattle ristic for Middle Eastern cattle breeds, and haplog- tion about the conservation of genetic resources tree with Hanwoo cattle from Korea. The genetic is of great value for breeding cattle due to its high roup T4 was still found only in East Asia. Thus, the and the gene pool of the breed. In recent years, uniqueness and adaptability of the Yakut cattle to adaptability to extreme conditions of keeping and study of mtDNA proved that the Yakut cattle divide a comprehensive comparative with world breeds harsh conditions makes it a valuable material for breeding, as well as high butterfat milk, good taste prehistoric paternal pedigrees with domesticated genetic study of Russian breeds of cattle, inclu- use in breeding work. qualities of meat and milk, and the resistance to Middle Eastern and European cattle, and maternal ding native Yakut cattle, has been carried out. The work on creation of adapted type of cattle of diseases. ones with Middle Eastern cattle, as well as in ha- Genetic distances according to SNP markers regional level of importance is carried out. The Yakut scientists Z.I. Ivanova, R.G. Popov, I.A. Am- plogroup T, possibly with cattle of East Asia. prove that the Yakut breed is the most differen- research on the characteristic of the unique alle- mosov in collaboration with Juha Kantanen from 5. Analysis of autosomal DNA markers showed tiated from all studied cattle breeds and show a lofond of the breeding stock of cattle on the basis the MTT Agrifood in Finland, obtained data on the that the Yakut cattle are differentiated from other lower level of genetic diversity than a number of of the analysis of polymorphism of STR-markers genetic polymorphism of microsatellite DNA of the studied breeds and show a lower level of genetic other Eurasian breeds of cattle. This observati- is carried out. Research on the characteristics Yakut cattle, with following results: diversity than a number of other Eurasian breeds of on can be explained by prolonged genetic and of the genetic and genealogical structure of the 1. The Yakut cattle represent the last cattle of the cattle. This observation can be explained by long- geographical isolation. On the other hand, Yakut cattle is conducted. Studies are conducted to as- Siberian Turano-Mongolian breed preserved in pu- term geographical and genetic isolation. On the cattle could also have the effect of a founder and sess the genetic homogeneity and determine the rity. other hand, the founder's effect could also appear effect of bottle neck due to the small number of degree of genetic similarity of the array of cattle. 2. Genetic distances on microsatellite DNA mar- in the Yakut cattle due to the small number of the the original population. In the cluster distribution, These works are aimed at obtaining new highly kers prove that the Yakut breed comes from do- original population. the Buryat cattle, recently exported from Mon- effective genotypes of livestock adapted to the mesticated cattle in the Middle East approximately golia for reintegration into Russia, proved to be harsh climatic conditions of the Republic, to the 10,000 years ago. the closest. It is interesting that the Buryat cattle characteristics of the feed base and milk produc- have more common haplotypes with the Yakut tion technology. Research is primarily applied to P20b The problem of conservation of the gene pool of the Yakut cattle cattle and the Wagyu cattle from Japan than with the preservation of a valuable gene pool of the other Turano-Mongolian breeds. This indicates a Yakut breed. STEPAN I. ZAROVNYAEV*, YANA L. SHADRINA Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk, Corresponding author: [email protected] The biological diversity of species is the key to con- was a sharp reduction in the number to 986, inclu- tinuing the prosperous and stable existence and ding cows - up to 355. Yakut cattle is a monument development of mankind on Earth. This fully applies of traditional culture of the northern cattle-breeding to breeds of farm animals. Breeds of livestock are Sakha people. Yakut cattle is famous for its high fat lost with great speed. In Europe, half the breeds content (4.5-6%), high taste qualities of meat and of livestock that existed at the turn of the 19-20th milk, the gene pool of the breed is used for bree- centuries, died out in the 80s of the 20th century. ding Yakutsk-Simmental and Yakut-Kholmogory At the present time, as a result of the displacement types. The use of various DNA markers, methods of highly specialized commercial breeds, the threat of genomic and gene selection in the conservation of the disappearance of the Yakut breed of cattle and private genetics of domesticated species pro- was created. Of the remaining 1,500 breeds of li- vides an opportunity to obtain data on the genetic vestock on the verge of extinction is 41%. Aborigi- potential (value, originality) of the rock important nal Yakut cattle in the territory of Yakutia were kept for the scientific substantiation of the conservation in purebred until 1929. In 1928, in the republic, its of аboriginal Yakut cattle. number was 555193 heads, and in 1961-90, there 54 55 Poster Session Poster Session

P21 Species Diversity of Micromycetes in Feed for Cattle P22 Analysis of DNA polymorphism of Yansky type of Yakut breed horses with RAPD-PCR analysis

ANZHELA A BYLGAEVA LYUBOV G. KOZLOVA Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

The study of the species diversity of micromy- flavus (31.4%), Penicillium citrinum (28.6%) and In preliminary experiments, a set of 25 decanu- the most polymorphic. cetes in cattle feed plays an important role in A. niger (22.8%) is relatively high and relatively cleotide primers was tested (designed by Operon According to the results of PCR analyses, data on maintaining animal health. From the quality of equal. These four species can be considered do- Technologies, USA) for RAPD-PCR, of which 17 the molecular masses of microsatellite areas of feed depends the microbiocenosis of cows and minant in the fungi complex of seeded feed. The primers were selected, giving the most informa- DNA isolated from the hair bulbs of the Yakut breed hence the productive longevity of animals. potential producers of mycotoxins are 67.92% tive picture of the distribution of bands (DNA frag- horses of the Yansky type were obtained. One am- An analysis of the study results of the biodiver- of them, which are producers of aflatoxins and ments). The studied micropopulations of horses of plicon of the spectrum was considered as one lo- sity of microscopic fungi showed the presence trichothecene toxins. Mycotoxicological analysis the Yansky type of the Yakut breed differed in fre- cus of DNA. The largest number of amplicons in all of 16 genera of micromycetes: Fusarium, Alter- of plant feed from the Central Yakutia was used quency of occurrence of the bands. For example, samples is located within the range of 1500-300 naria, Mucor, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Rhizopus, to isolate mylotoxins Aflatoxin B1, T-2 Toxin, fragments 550, 500, 600, 750, 550, 450 in length bp. The most polymorphic sequences are the pri- Stachybotrus, Trichoderma, Cladosporium, Acre- Zearalenone and Ochratoxin A (in background are found only in the horses of the Stolby area and mers ORA 08, ORA 9, ORA 10, ORA 11, ORA 17, monium, Geotrichum, Aureobasidium, Hormone- amounts). are completely absent from RAPD spectra in the ORA 18, ORV 15, ORV 18, ORV 20, ORS 02 and ma, Arthrographis, Malbranchea, Microascus. At The Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agri- horses of the areas of Adyachcha and Tabalakh. ORS 03. the same time, micromycetes of the genera As- culture offered effective and safe measures for The difference in frequencies is insignificant, but Unique alleles for three micropopulations of Yans- pergillus, Penicillium, Geotrichum and Trichoder- the prevention of mycotoxicosis by creating con- still allows judging the degree of polymorphism in ky type horses of Yakut breed have been revealed. ma were the most prominent from soil samples. ditions that reduce the possibility of developing a certain population. So, with the help of primers Thus, alleles of 1200-380 bp in length are found From the hay - Mucor, Penicillium, Aspergillus, toxic fungi and the formation of mycotoxins; im- ORA 10, ORA 11, ORS 02, all DNA fragments in all only in the micropopulation of horses from the re- from haylage - Rhizopus, Mucor and yeast-like; provement of the sanitary quality of feed using micropopulations of horses of the Yansky type of gion of Tabalakh, alleles of 1500-350 bp in length grain-forage - Fusarium, Rhizopus, Mucor, As- the probiotic preparation “Sakhabactisubtil” as a Yakut breed were detected. are found only in the micropopulation of horses pergillus; from combined feeds - Rhizopus, Mu- preservative (patent for the invention “Method of The results of assessing the informativeness of from the area of Adyachcha, alleles of 3000-300 cor, Aspergillus. biological fight against hay molding” No. 2292132, multilocus markers for studying the polymorphism bp in length are found only in the micropopulation 53 species of micromycetes belonging to 7 fa- February 27, 2007); decrease in the sensitivity of of distant the Yansky type micropopulations of the of horses from the Stolby area. milies (Moniliaceae, Mucoraceae, Tubercula- animals to the action of mycotoxins with the use Yakut breed of horses showed that 17 primers are riaceae, Pleosporaceae, Dematiaceae, Mona- of the probiotic preparation “Sakhabactisubtil” as scaceae, Saccharomycetaceae) and 10 genera an immunostimulating, probiotic, prebiotic, anta- (Fusarium, Mucor, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Asper- gonistic agent (patent for the invention “Method gillus, Alternaria, Stachybotrus, Absidia, Mona- for the prevention of mycotoxicosis of animals” scus, Candida) were isolated and identified in No. 2297842, February 15, 2007). feed of plant origin. The dominant position in the Currently, the work is underway to expand the hay contamination belongs to Mucor racemosus arsenal of funds for the prevention and treatment (65.7%). At the same time, the frequency of de- of mycotoxicosis in farm animals using natural tection of allocated toxic species of Aspergillus sorbents.

56 57 Poster Session Poster Session

P23 Northern reindeer husbandry is the basis of the indigenous Arctic ethnic P24 Reindeer husbandry at the Municipal Unitary Enterprise Agribusiness groups life (MUE AB) "Kanchalansky" of the Chukotsky Autonomous Region

N.S. ROBBEK EGOR D. ALEKSEEV1, STANISLAV M. AN’E2, M.V. ALEXEEVA1 PhD in Agriculture, Senior Scientist, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk 1 Yakut State Agricultural Academy, Yakutsk Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Chief zootechnician MUE AB «Kanchalansky», Anadyr district of the Chukotka Autonomous Region Corresponding author: [email protected]

Northern reindeer husbandry is a traditional and Breeding of this particular reindeers is traditio- Based on the documents submitted by this farm, tonomous region of September 16, 2013 No. 254 economically viable industry of Russian polar re- nal, environmentally sound and economically vi- on the exhaustive list of documents required in ac- “On the establishment of a commission to review gion and it is the only industry where in the sec- able activity of indigenous Arctic ethnic groups of cordance with the order of the Ministry of Agricul- the list of documents for determining the types of tor of employment representatives of indigenous Yakutia. Reindeer for them is a trusty transport, ture of Russia of November 17, 2011 No. 430 “On organizations for livestock breeding and epizootic Arctic ethnic groups are dominant. Reindeer li- source of meat, velvet antlers, hides, blood and approval of the Administrative Regulations of the welfare” considered that the subsidiary of the MUE vestock breeding gives people of North high-ca- other types of production. Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation AB “Kanchalansky” meets the requirements for loric, ecologically clean venison, fur and hides. Reindeer husbandry as a type of livestock bree- on the presentation of a state service for identifying breeding reproducer. Requirements are approved Distinctive features of venison are variety of nu- ding in Yakutia is in difficult situation. The main the types of organizations that carry out activities by the Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia tritious fat and proteins in most favorable balan- goal is to make the reindeer husbandry viable. At in the field of breeding livestock, a survey of the of November 17, 2011 No. 431 “On approval of Rul- ced state, which facilitates easy assimilation by the same time, one of the promising areas for in- livestock of the Chukot breed reindeer, checking es in the field of livestock breeding “Types of orga- the human body. Reindeers can easily survive creasing the efficiency of agricultural production of the pedigree records, organization of grazing, nizations that carry out activities in the field of live- the harsh climate of Arctic Regions it is a key fea- is the creation of a regional cluster that includes inspection of the infrastructure of the tundra rou- stock breeding” and on the recognition of repealed ture of reindeers that allows the people of North divisions of municipal authorities that provide re- tes of herds”. The Commission, established by the orders of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia” obtain cheap, low in cholesterol, highly-nutritious gulatory, legal, investment and financial-budge- Order of the Department of agricultural policy and meat that is not polluted with chemical additives, tary mechanisms regulating the use of reindeer management of natural resources of Chukotka au- antibiotics, stimulants and etc. pastures, technology for traditional reindeer Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is the one of the big- husbandry, the way of life of the reindeer com- gest reindeer husbandry regions in Russia. Rein- munities, management of matching breeds on deer husbandry in Yakutia always was traditio- natural and climatic zones, application of advan- nally high cultured. Yakutia saved the herding ced scientifically grounded methods of livestock system of reindeers, in which reindeer herders breeding, maintenance of technologies, pre-fat- live year-round in search of food continuously th- tening before slaughter, waste-free technology of roughout the year, along with a herd on the sea- slaughtering reindeer in mechanized slaughter- sonal pastures. houses, with further primal cuts of reindeer car- There are 3 breeds of reindeer in Yakutia – Evenk, casses according to the scheme and packing in Evenki and Chukot (harghin), Evenk breed being vacuum packaging for further implementation. 60% of total number of reindeers in Yakutia.

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P25 Clinical and morphological characteristics of limb (autopodium) arteries P26a Comparative dynamics of the domestic Arctic reindeer’s haematic pictu- of the thoracic extremity of reindeer in postnatal ontogenesis re by climatic and economic zones of breeding zones

M. POTAPOV1, K. KIRIKOV1, S. FEDOTOV2, K. NIFONTOV1*, N. STRUCHKOV1 TUYARA I. DMITRIEVA*, TATYANA D. RUMYANCEVA, ALEXANDRA I. PAVLOVA 1 Yakut State Agricultural Academy 1 Yakut State Agricultural Academy, Yakutsk 2 Prof. Dr. vet. sc., Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Under the conditions of modern Russian eco- troduction of medical, diagnostic and preventive Climate and ecology of Arctic is characterized by Adaptive features of animals are expressed in the nomy, reindeer husbandry occurs to be promi- measures, specialists should know about age re- extremely expressed continentality and severity. general haematic picture by the seasons of the sing branch of agronomic culture. We get from gularities of the changes of organ systems and Due to low temperatures during summer months year. In the present work, data on quantitative and the reindeer not only meat and byproducts, but tissues of reindeer. the vegetation of plants lasts only for 60 to 90 days, qualitative determination of the indices of blood also fur, hide and endocrine raw material, velvet Distal section of thoracic extremity, which rein- along with this, freezings stop only at the end of composition of domestic reindeer by age groups antlers. deer uses to stand on the ground, provokes cer- June and the fall starts in the second half of the Au- and their comparative dynamics for the seasons As a main branch of northern livestock breeding, tain practical interest of veterinarians. It often gust. The territory is divided into 1) tundra, 2) forest of the year are studied. The experiment group is reindeer husbandry has a great value to the life, gets traumatized, which, in summer period, leads tundra and 3) the Northern taiga. Due to climate Evenki breed of reindeer bred in the tundra and economy and culture of the Northern people. to necrotic stomatitis. conditions, there is no agricultural land for farming taiga zones. Research has established that mor- To the agricultural development under the condi- A more comprehensive and in-depth study of in the North and the animal ration of food is poor. phological composition of blood of the reindeer tions of Far North, reindeer husbandry occurs to distal sections of extremity vessels of reindeer With that knowledge in mind, from the physiological bred in the tundra zone is different from reindeer be promising trend, comprehensive research of can help to clarify the regularities of morpholo- state of animals that live here, it is distinct that they bred in the taiga zone. All the indicators are in the the structure and evolution of the reindeers can gic development of limb(autopodium) extremity have adaptive potential. limits of the physiological standard. make a difference in the development of reindeer vessels of various functional values adaptation husbandry. In practice, veterinary specialists of- to habitability conditions, including extreme con- ten encounter with the limb diseases of infectious ditions of Far North. P26b Comparative dynamics of the haematic picture when organism of an ani- and non infectious etiology. For the effective in- mal experimentally exposed to cold and heat

TUYARA I. DMITRIEVA1*, LENA I. ARZHAKOVA2, DARIMA K. GARMAEVA2 1 Yakut State Agricultural Academy, Yakutsk 2 North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk Corresponding author: [email protected]

In the report, there are results of experimental ne system, and properties and behavior of natural research, main goal of which was examination of adaptogens. Obtained results testify, that thermal the changes in cellular composition of the hae- influence on an organism affect the activity of cells, matic picture of rats, depending on the cold and which provide reaction of specific and non-specific heat exposure time, as well as results of analysis immune response, in particular, from the side of the of literature data about thermal influence on well- erythrocytes, thrombocytes and leukocytes. being of an animal and human, structure of immu-

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P27 Northern Domestic Reindeer Herding of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) P28 Experience and perspectives preservation of agro-biodiversity under per- mafrost

VALERIY I. FEDOROV NADEZHDA N. STOROZHEVA Yakut Scientific Research Instiute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

The northern domestic reindeer herding of the only 37 million hectares have been transferred Since 1979 more than 10 thousand seeds of crop initiated to laying for long storage under permafrost Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is concentrated in to the use of reindeer husbandry, which include from the collection of Vavilov Institute of Plant In- since November 2009 in Yakut Scientific Research 21 uluses (regions) from 35 uluses and forms the natural pastures of the tundra, forest-tund- dustry were stored in an underground laboratory Institute of Agriculture. Seeds of 92 varieties were the basis of the way of life, economy, culture, ra and northern taiga zones. As of January 1, of Melnikov Permafrost Institute of the Suberian collested from 8 Research Institutions of Siberian employment of the indigenous small in number 2017, in all categories of farms in the Republic of Branch of the RAS at a depth of about 11-12 meters Branch of the RAS. In 2010 laying of seeds was peoples of the North and creates the socio-eco- Sakha (Yakutia) there are 156 814 heads of nor- at the temperature -2,5-2,70С. Sowing qualities of carried out in underground glacier of Ust-Aldans- nomic appearance of northern settlements. Rein- thern domestic deer, Evenk and Chukchi (hargin) seeds were tested after storage for 17-23 years. ky District of the Republic of Sakha Yakutia. In deer herding also serves as a locomotive for the breeds, 110 reindeer herding enterprises employ Research has established that all samples kept December 2012 near Yakutsk the Underground development of hunting, fishing, arts and crafts, 1,792 reindeer herders and chum laborers. To high sowing qualities. The comparative assesment Storage was built through Siberian Branch of the gathering of wild plants and the consolidating date, the following pedigree registers have been of growth and development's rhythm, morphologi- RAS and the Government of the Republic of Sakha beginning of the northern peoples. According to registered with the State Tribal Register of the cal and physiological parameters between samples Yakutia. The Underground Storaage could fit 100 the specifics of the industry, reindeer herding in Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation: from seeds after long storage and their new analo- thousand samples of seeds. All samples of crops the process of the annual production cycle co- - Khatystyr Aldansky ulus, a pedigree reproducer ges showed a lack of morphobiological anomalies were laid at the beginning of 2013. Researches of vers huge territories and performs an important for breeding the Evenk deer breed, Olenek Mu- and mutational changes. sowing qualities and the study of biomorphological state function to ensure employment of the popu- nicipal Unitary Enterprise of the Oleneksky ulus, Collection of seeds of important crop varieties of Re- parameters in the field were tested every 5 years to lation of the North and the development of huge a pedigree reproducer for breeding Evenk deer, search Institutions of Siberia and the Far East was establish extend safe storage. empty areas of the country. Out of 196 million MUP Primorsky and Municipal Unitary Enterprise hectares of reindeer pastures found in Yakutia, "Borogonskoe" of the Bulunsky ulus - breeding and on the remaining 130 million hectares the reproducers for breeding the Evensk breed of stocks of feed are so small that grazing of large deer. herds is impossible. Out of 66 million hectares,

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P29 Physiological features of pure bred coarse-wooled sheep and its cross- P30 Regional indicators of the quality of life of the population of the Republic breed of Sakha (Yakutia)

IVAN V. ALFEROV R.N. ZAKHAROVA, T.M. KLIMOVA, A.I. FEDOROV, E.P. AMMOSOVA, M.E. BALTAKHINOVA Senior Research Officer, Yakut Scientific Research Instiute of Agriculture North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

The method of hybridization is one of the ways factors, is an integral unit in the general biolo- The aim of the study was to study the quality of life cepts). The indicators of the quality of life were to improve the adaptive qualities of domestic ani- gical problem of the evolution of animals, which of the population of the Far North. standardized according to the USA general popu- mals to certain conditions used by humans for a determines its relevance at all times. The work was carried out within the framework of lation in accordance with the recommendations of long time. Thus, in the application of hybridizati- E. Ya. Borisenko noted that acclimatization is the the state task of the Ministry of Education of the the developers. on, the breeds of merino sheep and arharomeri- means to live, reproduce and develop correctly Russian Federation No.АААА-17-117021310139-5 The results of the study showed that the average nos were excreted. A number of researchers note in a new geographical area, under new climatic "Clinical and genetic aspects of diseases characte- values of the quality of life scales of the population the probability of transferring features of behavi- conditions and preserve economic and useful ristic of the indigenous inhabitants of Yakutia in mo- in the study region are below 50% of the "ideal" or and habits by inheritance from parents to de- qualities for the sake of which animals are bred. dern conditions" 100% value. The quality of life of the population of scendants. From this it follows that wild species, We conducted a hematological study of the blood Data collection was conducted in various regions Yakutia is lower than in Russia both in physical and when crossing with domestic sheep, can trans- of coarse-wooled sheep, cross-breed of Buu- of Yakutia by questioning respondents. A total of mental health. The daily activities of respondents fer to descendants not only useful, but also un- bei coarse-wooled sheep and a big-horn on the 1042 residents were surveyed in the region, of were limited not only by physical problems on the wanted signs, such as late ripeness, low techno- ability to acclimatize in the conditions of central which 53% were women, and 47% were men. As part of health, but also by their emotional state, in logical qualities of wool and behavioral reactions Yakutia; blood sampling was collected at the end a tool for data collection, the SF-36 questionnaire particular in the Arctic regions. - savagery, timidity and aggressiveness, which is of the spring period. The result of the conducted was used, which contains eight health scales (con- highly undesirable in further work with hybrids. analyzes shows that coarse-wooled sheep has a The problem of acclimatization and adaptation negative ability to acclimatize in the conditions of of sheep is historically associated with methods the utmost North (central Yakutia), the first and and methods of animal husbandry in specific cli- the second generation cross breed fit to the stan- matic and weather conditions. At the same time, dart physiological indices, thus developed cross acclimatization, being a special case of adapta- breed are suitable for the farms of the Republic tion to a complex of external natural and climatic of Sakha.

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P31 Viral hepatites B, C and D and their outcomes in Republic of Sakha P32 The impact of lifestyle transformation on the health of the indigenous (Yakutia) population of Yakutia

S.S. SLEPTSOVA*, M.N. ANDREEV, S.I. SEMENOV, I.F. BILYUKINA, V.K. SEMENOVA T.M. KLIMOVA1, E.P. AMMOSOVA2*, R.N. ZAKHAROVA2, M.E. BALTAKHINOVA2, A.I. FEDOROV2 North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk 1 Medical Institute, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, email: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Research Institute of Health, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk Corresponding author: [email protected]

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (RS(Y)) is one be explained by insufficient level of qualified me- Introduction: Lifestyle transformation has a signi- 11-13% of protein, 27-34% fat and 53-62% of car- of the most disadvantaged territories of the Rus- dical and preventive care in these regions. Signi- ficant impact on human health. In this situation the bohydrates. Result of study among the Yakut has sian Federation for the prevalence of hemocon- ficant coefficients of rank correlation (p <0.05) northern populations are vulnerable groups. For documented elevated basal metabolic rates and tact viral hepatitis B, C and D, as well as their between incidence of CVH B, C and D with out- mitigation of effects of lifestyle transformation on declines in thyroid hormone levels (fT3 and fT4) adverse outcomes - cirrhosis and primary liver comes in cirrhosis (rsp = + 0.94) and liver cancer the health, monitoring of situation is necessary as- during the winter. It is response to extreme cold cancer. This unfavorable epidemiological situa- (rsp = + 0.83), and between chronic hepatitis D sess the current health status and potential future stress. Socioeconomic transition a change almost tion is associated with climatic and geographic with cirrhosis (rsp = + 0.94) and liver cancer (rsp negative health outcomes. every aspect of life of circumpolar population (in- features (the Far North conditions), with preva- = + 0.89) has been obtained. However, there was Methods: To characterize the health status and crease of psycho-emotional stresses, physical acti- lence of immunodeficiency, which frequency is no statistically significant association for CHC nutrition were used statistical date of Federal State vity, nutrition, traditional subsistence activities and increasing under the influence of an unfavorable and CHB separately. Statistics Service of the Republic of Sakha (Yaku- others). It accompanied by failure of established ecological situation, which is notable characte- The main cause of the liver cirrhosis was HDV tia). Basal metabolic rate, seasonal variation of thy- mechanisms of evolutionary adaptation to extreme ristic of the RS(Y). According to official statistics, infection - 51.72%, which is could be explained roid function present used results of study among factors and lead to the development of pathologi- in 2017 there were 328 cases of chronic hepatitis by more severe course and rapid transition into indigenous adult population from Central Yakutia cal conditions. About stress adaptation reserves of B (CHV), (34.2 per 100,000 cases) and 501 cases liver cirrhosis. In the structure of the causes of (Berdigestjah, 62°N., 126°E.). Participants: healthy the organism under the influence of complex env- of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) (52.1 per 100,000), HCC, the greatest percentage has chronic viral adults-volunteers (>19 years old). Time of study: ironmental factors and suggest low life expectancy, in the structure of chronic viral hepatitis, the pro- hepatitis C - 41.38% which is characterized by a two field seasons– August/September 2009, Ja- high rates of morbidity and mortality among the po- portion of CHB and CHC in 2017 was 39.5% and latent course and detection in the late stages of nuary 2011. Methods: BMR – indirect calorimetry; pulation of northern regions. 60.5%, respectively. Currently, according to the the disease (37.9%). The mortality rate after cirr- Anthropometry; Health measures; Hormonal me- Conclusion: in sum, the study has shown that the register "Chronic viral hepatitis in the Republic of hosis and liver cancer in 2016 was 4.5 cases per asures; Physical activity; Questionnaire on socio- indigenous Yakut of northeastern Siberia marked Sakha (Yakutia)", 15 145 people are registered, 100 thousand of us. For the period from 2009 to demographics & lifestyle. Prevalence of metabolic elevated basal metabolic rates, seasonal changes 6417 of them with chronic hepatitis B, with chronic 2016 this indicator has grew (2009 - 2.3 per 100 disorders present used results of study among in- in thyroid function, high prevalence of metabo- hepatitis C - 6781, with chronic hepatitis D - 1101, thousand people - 2016 - 4.5 per 100 thousand digenous adult population from Central (Berdige- lic disorders, increase of morbidity and mortality. with mixt - 641, with unverified etiology - 4, 385 of us.). stjah, 62°N., 126°E.) and nothern (Zhigansk, 66ºN, These populations carry the double burden of the of them with cirrhosis of the liver (LC), 27 people The study of the long-term incidence of viral he- 123ºE) Yakutia. Participants: indigenous adults adverse effects of both natural and socio-econo- with primary liver cancer (PLC). High prevalence patitis B, C and D in the RS(Y) to let us clarify (≥20 years old). Time of study: 2009, 2010 May- mic factors affecting health. In terms of lifestyle of hemocontact viral hepatitis is observed in the the frequency of various nosological forms of July. Methods: Anthropometry; Health measures; transformation and future of climate change, the- Suntar, Ust-Aldansky, Neryungrinsky, Myrninsky, the disease (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver Hormonal measures; Lipid, Glucose measures; se groups are among the most vulnerable. Climate Khangalas districts of the republic and Yakutsk. cancer). Regions of Yakutia, the most affected Physical activity; Questionnaire warming is expected to change in the spectrum of With Buryatia, Tyva and Tyumen region, Yakutia viruses of hepatitis B, C and D with a progres- Results: Traditional Yakut food contains large diseases, increase the proportion of infectious di- is among the regions of Russia with the highest sive course of the disease had been identified. amounts of fats and proteins. It is a component of seases, the numbers of cardiovascular events, of incidence rates in patients with viral hepatitis. To create a preventive system and stages of tre- adaptation to cold stress. In the end of the XIX cen- stress-factors, the changing of nutrition. Therefore For the period from 2000 to 2015 the incidence atment for patients with chronic viral hepatitis, in- tury traditional nutrition per one member of middle it is necessary to forecast possible trends in health rates of liver cancer exceed in 4-5 times in Yaku- cluding in the cirrhotic stage and with the primary income family consisted of 80% of the products of and consider possible measures to maintain the tia in comparison with the Russian Federation. cancer a specialized hepatological center forma- animal origin. Modern diet of Yakut people includes health and life of population. High incidence of CVH and their outcome in the tion is recommended. central, polar and western Yakutia region could

66 67 Poster Session Poster Session

P33 The biological value of fats of freshwater fish P34 Veterinary and sanitary assessment of koumiss, the national drink of the Sakha people

ALEXEY F. ABRAMOV, VALENTINA T. VASILIEVA, TATIANA V. SLEPTSOVA, NIKOLAY A. MAT- MARGARITA S. SAVVINOVA*, VIKTORIYA K. EVSYUKOVA, MIKHAIL N. SIDOROV, ALENA VEEV*, SEMEN M. TIMOFEEV ALEKSANDROVA, VARVARA MATARKINA Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut State Agricultural Academy Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

The results of research on the biological value of content of saturated fatty acids and high content The first and the most important rule of feeding the factured goods, the population needs biological full fillet fat and freshwater fish of the rivers of Yaku- of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty population of Far North is the ecologically safe pro- and ecologically safe food. tia (Stenodus leucichthys, Coregonus nasus, Co- acids. ducts, which are must be confirmed by reasonable The goal of the workis scientific rationale and regonus autumnalis, Coregonus muksun, Core- In winter, a large amount of easily digestible mo- veterinary-sanitary expertise and by evaluation of development of veterinary-sanitary expertise and gonus sardinella, Coregonus peled, Coregonus nounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids slaughter products of domestic, wild commercial evaluation of biological and ecological safety of pidschian). It is established that fats of these and fat-soluble vitamins accumulate in the belly animals, feathered wildfowl, and fishes in case of slaughter products of wild animals, sea mammals, fishes differ in high content unsaturated (mono of freshwater fish, which is a good source of en- some infectious, parasitic, and non-infectious di- birds, and fishes in Arctic zones of Yakutia. For - and polyunsaturated) fatty acids which ratio to ergy during emergency wintering conditions for seases. achieving the goals, these tasks are necessary: saturated fatty acids makes in fillet from 1.0: 0.22 fish. In connection with, special relevance nowadays ● organoleptic research to 1.0: 0.32, in a belly part from 1.0: 0.24 to 1.0: The indigenous people of the northern regions of is problem of getting good-quality and ecologi- ● study of physico-chemical indicators 0.28 that speaks about high biological perfor- Yakutia eat fresh fish, including stroganina from cally safe products at all stages of technological ● microbiological research mance of fats of freshwater fishes of Yakutia. fresh-frozen fish, which provides the body with recycling and veterinary-sanitary expertise. In all ● detection of invasive diseases. For the study, the fish of the autumn catch were easily digestible fatty acids and the main groups developed countries in case of excess of feeding Scientific newness of this work is that by the results quick-frozen at a temperature of no higher than of fat-soluble vitamins (A, E, D) and serves as products the most actual problem on that stage is of researches, this will be the first time in Yakutia -30 ° C in a modular plant for freezing products prevention of diseases of the cardiovascular problem of quality and safety of food. of developing guidelines of veterinary-sanitary ex- (MUZ-07-10), followed by storage in glaciers and system and beriberi. Modern conditions of market economy provide pertise of semi-anadromous fishes (chir, omul, and freezers with a temperature not higher than -15 ° knowledge and improvement of veterinary-sani- other species). C. The obtained samples from all parts of the fish References tary evaluation of fish products. Study of species, Basic provisions for protection: by the end of the were combined into homogeneous batches and 1. Abramov A.F., Zverev S.S., Buslaev I.P. amount, migration routes, and commodity cha- work will be presented practical suggestions and resulted in an average sample of each species. 2015. Использование естественного racteristics of the commercial semi-anadromous developed recommendations for using some of the Determination of the biochemical composition of холода в производстве, переработке и fish (chir, omul, and other species) in Yakutia are semi-anadromous fish as a feeding products with fish and fish products was determined by infrared хранении продуктов питания в экстренных poorly understood. That’s why integrated approach considering ecological safety. spectroscopy using the SpectraStar model 2200 климатических условиях республики Саха is needed. Parasitology, organoleptic, and physi- infrared analyzer from Unity Scientific USA, cali- (Якутия) Yakutsk, Octahedron publish. 136 p. (in co-chemical researches are necessary for an ob- Scientific justification of industrial fishing in East brated on the basis of conventional standard che- Russian) jective assessment of fish safety. Siberian Sea and in Laptev Sea: study of species mical methods in the laboratory of processing of 2. Kirillov A.F. 2002. Промысловые рыбы In modern conditions, when competition between and amount, migration routes and commodity cha- agricultural products and biochemical analyzes Якутии. Moscow, The scientific world. 194 p. (in imported and domestic production is obvious, it is racteristics of commercial sea species of fish. of Yakut scientific research institute of Agricul- Russian) necessary in accordance with the quality and sa- The results might be used in case of rationale of ture. 3. Lebedeva U.M. & Abramov A.F. 2015. Основы fety of products, scientific and technical produc- ecological safety of food raw materials and of fee- Freshwater fish of the rivers of Yakutia are distin- рационального питания населения Якутии. tion efficiency of international standards. Before ding products in these regions. guished by good biological efficiency due to low NEFU. 247 p. (in Russian) the food industry and trade in international manu-

68 69 Poster Session Poster Session

P35 Probiotic properties of the microbial consortium P37 Culture of honeysuckle in Central Yakutia

T.N. ZANDANOVA, P.A. GOGOLEVA AYAAL A. IVANOV Yakut State Agricultural Academy Dr. agr. sc., Leading researcher, Laboratory of vegetable and berry cultures, Yakut Scientific Research Corresponding author: [email protected] Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] The article presents the results of a study of the forms qualitative indicators characteristic for hu- probiotic properties of a microbial consortium. runges and koumiss. The therapeutic and preventive value of berries, of berry crops and creating a raw material base for Microbial consortium obtained by autoselecting Studies of the antagonistic activity of the microbi- early ripening, high winter hardiness of honeysuck- the food and pharmaceutical industry. the microflora of a kefir fungus and thermophilic al consortium make known its ability to inhibit the le plants, as well as the successes in breeding 1. Bocharova, T. E. Biochemical assessment of ac- lactobacilli. It is shown that the microbial con- development of E. coli I53 and S.sonnei 2848. work achieved by leading scientific institutions of cessions and the yield of honeysuckle in the condi- sortium possesses high fermenting activity and Siberia and the Urals, contributed to an increase in tions of the Tambov region: abstract. dis. ... kand. interest in this culture. of agricultural Sciences. Michurinsk-science city, Honeysuckle has the early maturation of the ber- 2008. 26 p. ries, fruiting stable, high winter hardiness. It does 2. Popova I. B. Productivity and quality of honey- not suffer from spring return cold due to the stabili- suckle fruits in the Central Chernozem region //pro- ty of flowers and ovaries to lower air temperature to blems of agricultural production on the modern way P36 Cultural representatives Fabaceae Lindl. in conditions of the Central part -7°C. Honeysuckle comes late in fruiting-5-6 years of their solution. Belgorod, 1999. - P. 67. of Yakutia after planting, but this deficiency is compensated 3. Predefine G. A. Culture of Altai honeysuckle (Lo- by its longevity of fruiting up to 25-30 years [2, 3]. nicera Altaica Pall.) in the forest-steppe zone of the A.N. NEUSTROEV*, I.F. BARDEEV The culture of honeysuckle in the conditions of Altai territory: autoref. dis. ... kand. of agricultural Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Central Yakutia is suitable for expanding the range Sciences. Barnaul, 2000. 21 PP. Corresponding author: [email protected]

Proteins serve as the basic constructional mate- variety is early maturing, the duration of the pe- rial for the animal, including the human body. It is riod from sowing to economic ripeness of seeds known that the leguminous Fabaceae Lindl have is 89 days. The yield capacity of green mass is the largest content of vegetable protein and the 19-23 t / ha, of the seeds is 1.8-1.9 t / ha. The agricultural priority of most countries in the world resistance to lodging is average. is aimed at expanding of these crops. Pisum sativum L. - variety Saryal. This variety Yakutia is one of the northernmost agricultural was transferred to the State Variety Test in 2016. regions of Russia. The climate of Yakutia is cha- It is characterized by early maturity - a vegetati- racterized by a cold long winter, such severe win- on period is 77 days. It has a high resistance to ters do not exist in other habitable places of the lodging, a short stalk - 50 cm, and a stable seed northern hemisphere, and a short hot arid sum- yield of up to 3.0 t / ha. mer. For these conditions, the following varieties And also the following bean cultures Cicer arie- of leguminous were made by the Yakut Research tinum L., Vicia faba L. and Glycine max (L.) Merr Institute of Agriculture: are of the utmost interest for the conditions of Vicia sativa L. - variety Lenskaya 15. It is regio- Yakutia. nalized in the 11th region of Russia in 2015. The

70 71 Poster Session Poster Session

P38 Distant hybridization of strawberries in conditions of the central part of P39 The results of the breeding study of black currant in Central Yakutia Yakutia

VALENTINA I. BELEVTSOVA NATALIA S. GABYSHEVA Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Until 2000 strawberry was not cultivated in the vered the most ecological adaptability to local The results of studies on selection and study of procumbens Pall. Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) due to the absen- conditions was noted in the aboriginal species black currants in the conditions of Central Yakutia. 4 local varieties of black currant Erkeeni, Myry- ce of winter hardy varieties. Adaption to weather Fragaria orientalis Los. eastern strawberry. In Breeding work on leading the culture of black cur- chana, Lucia, and Pamyati Kandila created in a conditions is an important feature of cultivars. the nature of Yakutia it is the only wild species. rants began in 1962 in Central Yakutia. Collector's further method of intervarietal hybridization Scientific research on the introduction and selec- F. orientalis is distinguished by its high winter nursery founded in 1958, was expanded in 1986, Adapted, which are highlighted Yakutian varieties tion of strawberries in order to assess its most hardiness, immunity, productivity, unpretenti- 2001 and 2004. Varieties were brought from Mi- and forms of black currants used to obtain a new important economic and valuable features in the ousness, excellent taste and aroma properties. churinsk, Altai, the Far East, Siberia and Buryatia. source material as the parent forms winter-hardy creation of high-adaptive varieties for Yakutia in Particular attention in the selection of parent More than 130 varieties and forms studied current- and in Altai, the Siberian varieties. The Yakut research Institute named after M. G. pairs was paid to winter-hardy native species Fra- ly. At 17-25 combinations crossing annually, a total of Safronov has been conducted since the mid-90s. garia orientalis Los. As another parent pair, win- The main direction of breeding of black currants is more than 10 thousand hybrid seedlings. Hybrid The aim of the research is to study the genetic ter-hardy varieties of garden strawberry F.× an- to create winter-hardy and frost-resistant varieties material selected individually outdoors on a natural potential of the initial forms of strawberries, in or- anassa and forest strawberry F. vesca ssp were that can withstand t -58-60˚C, yielding, vysokovita- background for 4-5 years. 2950 hybrids known in der to identify high levels of genotypes that have used. vesca f. semperflorens Duch. Interspecies minnym, easypayday, resistant to stressful condi- the nursery for the selection of different years, 24 adaptive characteristics to local conditions. crosses were carried out at different-chromoso- tions of sharply continental climate. forms dedicated, a promising 14, elite 4 form, state The investigations were conducted in the berry mal level, both in artificial and free pollination. The local forms of R. nigrum L. spp. sibiricum E. tests 2 including. farm of the Pokrovsk selection station, which is The genotypes determined winter hardiness, Wolf., R. pauciflorum Turcz., R. dikuscha Fisch., Altai varieties are Rannaia Potapenko, Agroleso- located 70 km east of the city of Yakutsk. Win- large berries and other economic valuable cha- R. procumbens Pall., R. fragrans Pall. studies in vskaia, Kalinovka, Sharovidnaya, Altaiskaya po- ter hardiness of various wild strawberry species racters of initial strawberry species were obta- early in source material used, as the most adapted zdnaia, Podarok Kuzioru (4-6,9 kg per Bush) was were studied under conditions of the Central part ined. The investigations were conducted in the to local conditions. Vysokovitaminnye, resistant to allocated the result of variety trials for yield and of Yakutia: F. vesca L., F. viridis Duch., F. mands- berry farm of the Pokrovsk selection station, Bud mite variety Hara Kytalyk dedicated in the re- resistance to powdery mildew, but freeze slightly hurica Staudt, F. orientalis Los., F. moschata which is located 70 km east of the city of Yakutsk. sult of individual selection of form R. pauciflorum above the snow cover. These varieties are sources Duch., F. × ananassa Duch. Research disco- Turcz. method analytical breeding; The high-yiel- for creation of productive and resistant to powdery ding, early variety Yakutskaia obtained the method mildew new varieties in the conditions of Yakutia. of distant hybridization R. dikuscha Fisch. and R.

72 73 Poster Session Poster Session

P40 Selection of perennial grasses in Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture P41 Efficiency of local strains of nodule bacteria Sinorhizobium meliloti in the cultivation of alfalfa crescent in the conditions of Central Yakutia

VALENTINA I. ALEKSEEVA*, VENERA M. KORYAKINA VILENA B. BORISOVA*, AYAAL I. STEPANOV Laboratory of selection and seed-growing of grain and forage crops, Yakut Scientific Research Institute Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Yakutia needs varieties combining high winter bleeding, drought and salt-tolerant. The variety Aim: study the influence of local strains of nodule plants with nutrients. hardiness with stable yield and high quality of of Festuca rubra Meryunskaya is recommended bacteria and mineral fertilizers on the fertility of the A useful quality of alfalfa is its biological peculiarity feed, adapted to arid conditions and salinity of for reclamation of disturbed lands, ground lawns, soil and the biomass of alfalfa crescent. to grow in symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing nodule soil soils, resistant to flooding, to pests and diseases as a component of grass mixtures for sowing pa- Objectives: microorganisms forming on its roots nodules. As and horses winter pasture under the snow. stures. - to study the effect of local strains of nodule bacte- a result of their vital activity, nitrogen compounds 9 species of perennial grasses were created and Among the leguminous herbs, the Medicago ria and mineral fertilizers on the soil fertility, accu- that are accessible and necessary for the growth zoned in Yakut Research Institute Of Agriculture. falkata varieties Yakut yellow and the Melilotus mulation of biological nitrogen and productivity of of alfalfa and other agricultural plants accumula- To increase the productivity of haymaking alas albus of Nemyugunsky are zoned. The yield of alfalfa; te. Treatment before sowing seeds with strains of lands of the Eastern zone, the varieties of the green mass of Medicago falkata is 250-300 cen- - to assess the effect of local strains of nodule active nodule bacteria allows enriching the root Lenskaya Roegneria mutabilis, the Toybokhoys- tner / ha yellow, white Melilotus albus - 160-180 bacteria and mineral fertilizers on the symbiotic ap- system of plants and thereby promoting active bin- ky Agropiron repens and the of Amginsky Elymus centner / ha. The yield of seeds, depending on paratus of alfalfa. ding of molecular nitrogen. sibiricus were established. The varieties are cha- the moisture content of the vegetation period in Objects of research: alfalfa crescent Yakut yellow, Bacteria contribute to the optimal use of mineral racterized by high winter hardiness, resistance to Medicago falkata of the Yakut yellow - 0,5-1,0 c/ local strains of nodule bacteria Yakutsky №1 and and organic fertilizers. Breeding in the root zone, drought, and grassiness persists up to 4-5 years. ha, sweetgrass Nemyugunsky 2.0-4.0 c / ha. Yakutsky №2 Sinorhizobium meliloti, mineral fer- bacteria protect them from penetration of microflo- The yield of green mass is 100-120 centner / ha, In 2017 a variety of Bromopsis inermis Aystal was tilizers. ra, causing plant diseases. Rational use of bacte- the seeds are 1-2 centners/ha. Erkeani Bromop- created, which is distinguished by a high seed Field experience has been laid since 2018 at the rial preparations makes it possible to significantly sis inermis is spread out for floodplain hayfields, yield of 1.9 centners per hectare, lining (44-54 scientific stationary of the Yakut Scientific Rese- increase the productivity of agricultural crops with which is characterized by high yield of hay (28.9 per cent), and high-resistant. It is recommended arch Institute of Agriculture in the Khangalassky a lower consumption of nitrogenous fertilizers and c / ha) and seeds (1.9 c / ha), high winter har- for sowing hayfields of the Leno-Amginsky inter- district. In the experiment, 23 variants - repetition an increase in the biological activity of the soil. diness and drought resistance. fluve of Central Yakutia. four times, sowing is broad-row with between-rows In the Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agricul- For sowing long-term pastures of year-round use At present, the task is to bring out new varieties of 30 cm, the placement of the plots is randomized, ture, two patents of local strains of nodule bacteria with horses winter pasture under the snow, the of Elymus sibiricus, resistant to extreme condi- the registration area of the plots is 25 m2. Yakutsky №1 and Yakutsky №2 were obtained from varieties of the Psathyrostаchys juncea Man- tions in Yakutia, with a stable hay and seed yield, One of the most important problems of modern the Yakut yellow alfalfa variety, the author of which chaara and Bootur are displayed. They have with high fodder qualities resistant to diseases agriculture is the possibility of fixing atmospheric is the Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Asso- productive longevity, are resistant to trampling, and manufacturability. nitrogen. Biological fixation of nitrogen occurs by ciate Professor, Senior Researcher of the Labora- microorganisms inhabiting the soil. tory of Potato Growing and Agroecology Yakovleva Nodule bacteria are the genus of nitrogen-fixing Maria Timofeyevna. bacteria that form nodules on the roots of legu- Based on these strains, the laboratory of agroeco- minous plants. They absorb atmospheric molecu- logy produces biological preparations for increa- lar nitrogen and convert it to nitrogen compounds sing the soil and productivity of agricultural crops. assimilated by plants, which, in turn, provide other

74 75 Poster Session Poster Session

P42 Biological productivity of oats in Central Yakutia P43 Methods of increasing fertility of frozen soils in Central Yakutia

KHARITINA I. MAKSIMOVA*, VALENTINA S. NIKOLAEVA KHARITINA I. MAKSIMOVA*, VALENTINA S. NIKOLAEVA, VLADIMIR N. LUKIN Laboratory of Fodder Production, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Laboratory of Fodder Production, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) agriculture is raw fat is markedly increased (11.47-14.54%), raw The specific conditions of Central Yakutia - short nity (1.69-2.92) changed to a slightly saline (0.42- mainly developed in the middle taiga subzone, fiber in the phase of budding-flowering and flo- vegetation period, cold and poor soils (in winter 0.83) determination. the border of which passes 64-65° n.l. wering - milk ripeness (43.35-35.31%). In plants soil freezes for eight months, all biological, bioche- The introduction of gypsum in a dose of 4 tons, 8 The climate of Central Yakutia is sharply conti- of 1 kg of dry matter there is a decrease in the mical processes of vital activity cease), the non- tons, 12 tons on saline soils promotes the desalini- nental, arid. According to bioclimatic and soil content of potassium (18.44-18.94) and nitro- wash nature of soil formation determines the low zation of soil in the 0-40 cm layer, the percentage conditions, L.G. Elovskaya (1978) distinguishes gen-free extractives (NFE) (41.5-42.8 g) is ob- biological activity and fertility of permafrost soils, of displaced Na from its total amount is 28.8-65.5. three plain soil provinces within Central Yakutia served. There is also a tendency to increase the which requires new ways to increase the biological In the application of gypsum in a dose of 8-12 t/ [1]. content of phosphorus in plants to 0.26-0.28% activity and fertility of soil in the conditions of cryo- ha with the combined application of organic and Experiments were conducted in the valley of the and potassium - up to 1.40-1.63% in irrigation, lithozone. In Central Yakutia almost 40% of arable sideral fertilizers, the analysis of the water extract river Lena, which belongs to the third province, which positively affects the quality of feed. With land is saline to a varying extent. Sulfate chloride shows the non-salinity of the soil - 7.54. Soil pH where for the year only 200 mm of precipitation vegetative irrigation, conducted in critical phases predominates, as well as soda salinity. decreased from 8.56 to 7.54 [1]. falls with possible maximum moisture consump- of plant development, the bioproductivity of oats Resource-saving technology of soil cultivation with The methods for increasing the fertility of saline tion for evacotranspiration of 320-360 mm and is increased by 30-35%, and the nutritional value the use of multifunctional soil cultivating units and soils contributed to an optimum nutrient supply of evaporation of 400-450 mm, the humidification of oats is increased by 20-30%. the biologization of farming raises the yield of fod- plants, a high yield of green mass of the mixture of coefficient is below 0.5. Salinity is widespread, Thus, in the conditions of the extra-continental der crops due to better moisture conservation, im- vetch - 200 - 330 c/ha. The introduction of different which occupies not only the terrace above the climate of Central Yakutia, oats are the most ad- proves soil structures, prevents its deformation and doses of gypsum on the background of organic and floodplain, but also the floodplain of the Lena apted fodder crop. The yield of green mass even compaction of subsoil horizons, enriches the per- sideral fertilizers provides an increase in the green River. Summers are hot (absolute maximum in arid years on the bog does not decrease below mafrost soils with organic matter. mass from 31 to 64 c/ha. +38°C), characterized by a long day in a warm 8.3 t/ha, while irrigation in the main phases of ve- The results of the experiments show that when With resource-saving soil cultivation technology, period with high solar radiation stress. getation provides up to 12.2 t/ha of green mass. gypsuming the exchange sodium cations decrea- the productive moisture in the permafrost soils is Oats is the leading fodder crop in areas of wides- With vegetative irrigation carried out in critical sed significantly, the content of exchange Ca in- preserved by 20-25% more than in the recommen- pread permafrost, where developed agriculture. phases of plant development, the bioproductivity creased by 14-48%, the content of exchange Mg ded zonal soil treatment technologies, the soil den- Object of research - oats “Pokrovsky 9”. The ex- of oats is increased by 30-35%, and the nutriti- decreased. The content of absorbed Na from the sity decreases from 1.23 g/m³ to 1.18 g/m³ [2]. periment scheme included a variant without irri- onal value of oats is increased by 20-30%, this absorption capacity shows that the degree of alka- gation (control), irrigation for the main phases of allows us to state that the proportion of oats in linity of meadow chernozem soils has decreased Patents: vegetation is normally 300 m3/ha. It was found the structure of cultivated areas of forage crops from a slightly alkaline (6.73-8.38%) to non-alka- 1. Cпособ повышения плодородия мерзлотных that irrigation in the main phases of plant deve- should not fall below 40%. line (4.99-2.06%). The percentage reduction of Na засоленных почв в условиях криолитозоны lopment contributed to an increase in the yield of from the total number of variants is from 37.6 to патент № 2427999, 10 сентября 2011 г. green mass of oats to 12.2 t/ha. With irrigation, References 71.2. The percentage of displaced Na is from 28.8 2. Способ улучшения плодородия мерзлотных especially in the early phases of plant develop- Elovskaya L.G., Konorovskiy A.K. Rayonirovanie to 62.3. After agrotechnical methods and chemical почв в условиях криолитозоны, патент № ment, a more accelerated accumulation of car- i meliorizaciya pochv. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1978. reclamation, the initial index of the degree of sali- 2603037 от 28 октября 2016 г. bohydrates and protein compounds is observed. In the variant of irrigation plants, the content of

76 77 Poster Session Poster Session

P44 Intermediate cultures under the conditions of Yakutia P45 Productivity of new fodder crops under the conditions of Central Yakutia

KHARITINA I. MAKSIMOVA*, VALENTINA S. NIKOLAEVA KHARITINA I. MAKSIMOVA*, VALENTINA S. NIKOLAEVA Laboratory of Fodder Production, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Laboratory of Fodder Production, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Determining the ecological foundations and op- and rape crop plants, after harvesting winter rye, An abundance of poorly clouded sunny days for The content of digestible protein in 1 kg of dry mat- portunities to increase crop productivity by in- there are about 70 days of warm season. The cultivation periods, a rapid increase in the average ter: corn (179.0 g), amaranth (222.9 g) and sunflo- creasing the use of solar radiation in the process duration of the period from sowing to harvesting daily temperatures in the spring, and high activity wer (109.5 g) provide high feed nutrition, the yield of photosynthesis is one of the most important in oats was 45-65 days. This was enough to form of solar radiation, it is possible to cultivate forage of exchange energy of these crops is 9.2-10.1 MJ. problems of modern farming. The basis for esti- a yield of green mass to 170 c/ha. crops with relatively short vegetation periods in the The gross energy of corn and amaranth is 19.5- mating the yield of the crop, the highest possible The duration of the vegetation period of the sweet conditions of Central Yakutia. 20.0 MJ. The highest yield of fodder units is obser- for a given area, should be efficiency of photosy- clover after harvesting the winter rye was 28-43 Great importance in the vital activity of vegetation ved in sunflower (0.84) and amaranth (0.79). nthetically active radiation. days. cover has a radiation regime. The intensity of pho- The content of digestible protein in 1 fodder unit: Increase the efficiency of photosynthetically ac- Sweet clover of the second year used 35-38 tosynthetically active radiation in Central Yakutia is corn is 241.6 g, amaranth - 283.7 g, rapeseed - tive radiation of the crop seedlings can be the days of warm period. For the growth of spring 1112 MJ/m2 during May-August [1], which allows 184.3 g., sorghum - 127.2 g., sunflower - 104.7 g. right choice of crops and varieties, the optimum rape after harvesting the sweet clover it remains the cultivation of heat-loving and light-loving crops Thus, in the conditions of Central Yakutia, new density of plants, the compaction of crops by in- about 70 days of warm period. The duration of for silage. fodder crops can ensure high yields in intensive termediate cultures, the use of fertilizers, etc. the vegetative period of the canola rape after Field experiments were conducted in 2009-2013. farming. Yield of green mass of forage crops is Winter rye, as an intermediate culture in the con- harvesting the sweet clover of the second year is Scheme of experience: oats “Pokrovsky 9” (oats increased by 1.4-3.0 times (222-486 c/ha). Stable ditions of the permafrost zone, is the only over- 35-47 days. The period of sowing-ripeness of the are the traditional and the only silage crop in the high yields are observed in sunflower and rape wintering fodder crop. Cultivated in Yakutia varie- early sowing period of rapeseed is 40-56 days. region, is a standard), oats “Pokrovsky 9” + rape- (276-406 c/ha). High-protein promising forage ties are characterized by high winter hardiness, Thus, the cycle of development of forage crops seed SibNIISH-21, rape SibNIISH 21, sunflower crops provide a digestible protein content of 1 kg of under a snow cover of 25 cm they can withstand uses the entire reserve of the warm period of “Kulundinets”, corn RIK-340, sorghum grains “Per- dry matter to 222.9 g and exchange energy - up to the air temperature up to -58°С ... -60°С. Central Yakutia. spektivnoe-51”, amaranth “Bagryaniy”, sowing mil- 10.1 MJ. New fodder crops increase the productivi- In the fodder crop rotations with intermediate cul- The inclusion of rapeseed as a postcut crop, on let “Baganskoe-88”. ty of crops by increasing the use of solar radiation tures, the experimental schemes were as follows: average for 4 years, the total yield of green mass Years of research varied according to meteorologi- and make up for the deficiency of protein in feed oats + peas - rapeseed, winter rye - winter rye, was 26.0; dry weight 4.84; feed units 3.50; dige- cal conditions. rations. sweet clover – sweet clover, rapeseed - lucerne + stible protein 0.83 t/ha, exchange energy 44.1 Hydrothermal coefficient for the period of vegetati- regneria; sweet clover - sweet clover, winter rye - GJ/ha. Oats, farmed after the winter rye, are infe- on by years was from 0.50 to 1.56. References winter rye, oats - rapeseed – wild rye. rior in terms of yield (10.6 t/ha of green mass) for The data obtained from new fodder crops showed 1. Semenova, T.N. Ecological conditions of growth The vegetative period of winter rye varied from postcut rapeseed. The dry weight yield is 2.65, high yields on average during the years of rese- of meadow grasses on permafrost soils of the We- 59 to 73 days during interphase periods from so- the feed units are 1.59; digestible protein 0.26 t/ arch: sunflower - 437 c/ha, corn - 486 c/ha, sor- stern and Southern Yakutia: the Author's abstract wing to shoots 5-17 days, from spring renewal of ha, exchange energy 22.4 GJ/ha. ghum - 222 c/ha, amaranth - 291 c/ha, rape - 346 of the dissertation of biological sciences. Krasno- vegetation to tubing 23-29 days, from reaching Winter rye, regardless of its predecessor, pro- c/ha, millet - 230 c/ha. Oats and oat-rapeseed mix- yarsk, 1999. the tube to sweeping 6-16 days. Thus, winter rye vides the same yield of green mass in both crop ture provided respectively 162 and 252 c/ha. uses for growth 21-34 days of autumn and 38-39 rotations. With a low yield of green mass (10.5 t/ days of spring-summer periods of warm season. ha), the yield of dry matter, feed units, digestible For the growth and development of postcut oats protein, exchange energy is quite high.

78 79 Poster Session Poster Session

P46 Evaluation of collection samples of oats on the complex of economically P47 Varieties and Perspective Hybrids of Grain Cultures Selection of the Yakut precise features by the method of multidimensional statistics under conditi- Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture ons of Central Yakutia

LIDIA V. PETROVA E. VLADIMIROVA*, I. KONSTANTINOVA, N. KOLESNIKOV, V. NIKOLAEVA Head of the Laboratory of selection and seed-growing of grain crops, Yakut Scientific Research Institute Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Agroclimatic resources of Central Yakutia make this group was made up of samples from Russia As a result of selection work on grain crops, a Oats sowing it possible to cultivate a wide variety of oats from (38.5%), Europe (38.5%), USA, Asia, South Ame- number of hybrids and varieties have been created Pokrovsky. Zoned in 1982, sort of fodder. Yield is different ecologo-geographical and breeding ori- rica - (7.7%). in the Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agri- 1.6 - 3.5 t/ha, early ripening, weight of 1000 seeds gin. Evaluation of oat samples was carried out for In the group of the "worst" objects, there are the culture. Currently, work is underway to select soft - 30.0 - 36.0 g. 12 economically valuable features. following varieties: k-14799-USA, k-14733-USA, spring wheat, spring barley, oats and winter rye. Pokrovsky 9. Zoned in 1993, variety of fodder, According to the results of multidimensional ran- k-14607-Canada, k-14553-USA, k-14741-USA, Selective work is aimed at creating new varieties valuable in quality. Yield is 1.6 – 3.7 t/ha, early ging, the following varieties are distinguished in k-14668-Turkey, k-12245-Tomsk region, k -14758- of grain crops of a new generation with high econo- ripening, weight of 1000 seeds – 27.0 -34.0 g. the best group: k-14778 - Omsk region, k-14786 USA, k -14735-USA, k-14561-USA, k-4096-Kaza- mic-valuable characteristics, resistant to biotic and Vilensky. Zoned in 2016, sort of fodder. Yield is 2.1 - Altai Territory, k-14697-Germany, Pokrovsky khstan, k-14761 - USA, k-14798-USA. The main abiotic stresses of the cryolithozone. At the mo- – 3.6 t/ha, medium-ripening, weight of 1000 seeds standard - Yakutia, k-13802- Finland, 14555- share is made of samples from the USA (69%), ment, for grains of the Yakut Scientific Research – 28.0 – 36.0 g. USA, k -14628 -Australia, k-14718 - Belarus, k Canada, Turkey, Russia, Kazakhstan - (7.7%). Institute of Agriculture breeding, 2 varieties of soft Spring barley -14663 - Poland, k -14429 - France, k -14450 - Seven samples were selected by the yield from spring wheat and 3 varieties of oats are seeded in Tammi. Zoned in 1963, forage variety. Yield is Estonia, k-14787 - Moscow region, k -14792- Po- the best group: k-14778-Omsk tegion, k-14786-Al- the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Since 1963, the 2.0 – 3.4 t/ha, ultra-early ripening, weight of 1000 land. Among the "best" group, the main share tai Territory, k-14697-Germany, k-13802- Finland, Finnish Tammi variety has been regionalized in seeds – 32.0 – 35.0 g. was made by samples from Russia (31%), Euro- 14555-USA, k -14628 -Australia, k -14792- Po- Yakutia, the originator of which is the Yakut Scien- Since 2015, the State Seed Inspection has a va- pe (55%), USA, Australia - (7%). The local zo- land. The most stable value of this indicator was tific Research Institute of Agriculture. riety of winter rye Cholbon. The average yield is ned standard Pokrovsky is included in the "best" 1 variety from the USA, the yield of which was 3.3 t/ha, the potential yield of green mass is 35-40 group. more than the Pokrovsky variety by 35%. Brief description of zoned varieties t/ha. The variety is medium-ripening, resistant to In the group of "medium" samples there By early ripeness from the group of "worst ob- lodging, winter hardy (99.8%). were the following varieties: k-14535-Chile, jects" there were marked three varieties: from Soft spring wheat A new variety of soft spring wheat Talba transferred k-14428-Netherland, k-12368-Omsk region, the USA (k-14733) and (k-14735), Kazakhstan (k- to the State Seed Inspection in 2017. The variety is k-14573-USA, k-14416 -Altai Territory, k-14491- 4096). The method of multidimensional ranging Prilenskaya 19. Zoned in 1995, a variety of foo- medium-ripening, resistant to lodging, an average Omsk region, к-14387-Netherlands, к-7414-Kras- facilitates the selection of sowing oats on the ds, bakery qualities are good. Yield is 1.3-3.4 t/ha, yield of 3.0 t/ha. noyarsk Territory, k-14483-Austria, k-14582-Ger- main economically valuable features and leads early ripening, weight of 1000 seeds – 28.0-30.0 g. For spring barley, a new variety of fodder purpose many, k-14335-Japan, k-14429-France, to the creation of a quality source material for the Tuymaada. Zoned in 2009, variety of foods, bakery under the number M-56 is being prepared for trans- k-14574-Krasnodar Territory. The main share in further selection of sowing oats in Yakutia. qualities from satisfactory to good. Yield is 1.7 – 4.0 fer to the State Seed Inspection in 2018. The varie- t/ha, early ripening, weight of 1000 seeds – 30.0 – ty is medium-ripening, coarse-grained, the avera- 38.0 g. ge yield is 3.7 t/ha.

80 81 Poster Session Poster Session

P48 Efficiency of biopreparations based on strains of nitrogen-fixing and P49 Selection evaluation of hybrids of potato of preliminary testing under the associative bacteria in the productivity of alfalfa in Central Yakutia conditions of Yakutia

MARIYA T. YAKOVLEVA POLINA P. OKHLOPKOVA, NARIYA S. YAKOVLEVA, SARGYLANA P. EFREMOVA Laboratory of potato growing and agroecology, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Potato growing laboratory, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Corresponding author: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected]

Long-term experimental data on the effect of biological preparations based on strains of nitro- The article presents studies of the productivity and When evaluating hybrids for resistance to the most strains of nodule and associative bacteria on the gen-fixing bacteria on the productivity of alfalfa. quality indicators of ten potato hybrids in the con- common diseases in the local conditions revealed yield of alfalfa, which increase the agrochemical Over the years of research from 1998 to 2012, ditions of Yakutia. A test was conducted to create that the hybrids have resistance to virus diseases, parameters of permafrost soils in Central Yaku- inoculation of seeds with biopreparation on the highly productive hybrids that are stress-resistant, macrosporiosis, Rhizoctonia and common scab tia, are presented. basis of strains of nitrogen-fixing bacteria had a highly adaptive to environmental factors, resistant (7-9 points), the exception is the hybrid 239-2. In modern conditions, when biologization of agri- positive effect on the yield of green mass of alfal- to the most common diseases and other economi- According to the results of the conducted resear- culture is introduced into agriculture, the appli- fa sickle-shaped Yakutskaya yellow. The yield of cally valuable traits that are of great importance in ches we recommend to transfer to the nursery of cation of biological bacterial preparations made green mass of alfalfa amounted, on average, to breeding. competitive tests the most productive, starchy and on the basis of bacteria that stimulate the growth the local strain of Yakutskiy No. 1 Sinorhizobium Selected hybrids belong to the group of early resistant to the most widespread diseases in local and development of plants acquires a wide in- meliloti of 37 t / ha, which is 2 t / ha or 5,7% hig- ripening (55 to 70 days): 239 (Ladozhsky x Razolin- conditions hybrids of potatoes 239, 239-1, 235, terest and practical significance. They have a her, with production strain 412б-37t / ha, which is da), 235 (Luck x Bore Volley), 240 (Romance x Vic- 240, 233, 233-1, 234-1, 232, 234. multilateral positive effect on plants. Under the 5,7% higher with strain Ps.fl. is 3% higher than in toria), 233 (Slavyanka x Rosalinda), 234-1 (Scarlet influence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the follow- the control variant. In all the studied variants, 1 sail x Victoria ), 232 (Aurora x Bonus), 234 (Scarlet References ing processes occur: amplification of symbiotic kg of dry matter contained 0.79-0.95 of the feed Sail x Victoria). 1. Zhuchenko A. A. Adaptive crop production (eco- and free-living fixation of molecular nitrogen, re- unit, 9.9 - 10.8 MJ of metabolic energy, which cor- In the study of the potato breeding material were logical and genetic bases) theory and practice. Vo- aching 30-50 kg of nitrogen per hectare over the responds to or approaches the standard for hay allocated 9 hybrids that exceed standards Varmas lume II / A. A. Zhuchenko – M.: Publishing house vegetation period. The value of alfalfa as a pro- of the first class. For the fodder value, the best and Yakutyanka yield 0.6-7.6 t / ha. Agrorus, LLC, 2009. tein culture is determined by high fodder merit, variants were the local strain of Yakutskiy No. 1, The description of morphological features of potato 2. Guidelines for the maintenance and study of the relatively low energy intensity of cultivation, low in which the digestible protein was collected in hybrids on tubers is carried out. The number and world potato collection. St. Petersburg, 2010, p. 21- demand for soil fertility, high nitrogen-fixing ca- 174 g respectively. weight of marketable tubers of the hybrids meet the 26. pacity. Due to these microorganisms, additional requirements of table varieties. Test specimens of 3. Methods of research on potato culture. Moscow: production of physiologically active compounds Conclusions. As a result of long-term experi- hybrids had товарность87 – 97%, making them NIIKH, 1967. takes place, including hormone plants, which in- mental data, we have established that inoculati- commercially valuable. 4. Methodical instructions on technology of selecti- crease the capacity of the root system. Optimize on with strains of nodule bacteria, also with local The samples differed in the content of dry matter on of potatoes. Moscow: Russian Academy of agri- mineral nutrition and improve the water regime strain Yakutskiy No. 1, associative nitrogen fixers (19.5% - 21.3%) and starch (13.7% - 14.9%). In hy- cultural Sciences, 1994. of plants. They participate in the dissolution of for 16 years after their application positively af- brids, nitrate content did not exceed the permissi- 5. Armor B. A. Methods of field experience / B. A. hard-to-reach phosphorus compounds that pro- fects the yield of green mass of alfalfa. The cul- ble concentration. Armor, Moscow: Kolos, 1973, pp. 259-271. tect the roots from bacterial and fungal infections, tivation of such a high-protein and drought-re- suppress stress reactions in plants that increase sistant culture as alfalfa in Central Yakutia will their resistance to unfavorable external factors. contribute to a significant strengthening of the The purpose of the present studies is to study the fodder base, especially in dry years. effect of inoculation of the seeds of alfalfa with

82 83 Poster Session Poster Session

P50 Improving the methodology for calculating the amount of subsidies to P52 Influence of feeding with mineral supplements “Ecostimul-2” and zeolite support the reindeer herding of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) on milk production of cows of Central Yakutia

GALINA I. DAYANOVA, IRINA K. EGOROVA Department of social and economic rural development, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture VLADIMIR V. PANKRATOV, NARIYA D. IVANOVA* Corresponding author: [email protected] Yakut State Agricultural Academy Corresponding author: [email protected] In research work is considered a specific type of corrected type of subvention; state support, referred to as «Creation of Working - сalculation of the monthly cash flow of the farm Conditions for Reindeer Brigades» and deve- and the cash gap (cash deficit) at the end of the Relevance. Increasing of cow milking capacity and 4 Research the hematological readings; loped an algorithm for calculating the amount of year without taking into account the corrected decreasing of its prime cost is achieved by ensu- 5. Research the clinical readings; subsidies: type of state support; ring the good nutrition, taking into account the eco- 6. Research the reproductive readings; - selection of the existing type of subsidy, requi- - determination of the volume of a specific type nomic conditions of individual regions of the Russi- 7. Find the economic viability. ring adjustment; of state support for the production of one type of an Federation. Scientific novelty. The positive effect of “Ecosti- - determination of the size of the farm by the agricultural produce and its distribution to recipi- So far, a big amount of experimental data about mul-2” and zeolite on milk production of cows as a number of deer, pasture areas; ents. development of good nutrition system for agricultu- food supplement is established (for the first time in - compilation of the technological map and calcu- Proposals have been developed to improve the ral animals has been collected. Developed detailed the conditions of Yakutia). lation of the normative cost price of production of system of subsidizing agriculture, the provision feeding standards can significantly increase the The influence of “Ecostimul-2” and zeolite on the reindeer products; of subventions to local governments of munici- livestock efficiency index and effectiveness of fod- metabolism of dairy cows is established. - calculation of the revenue part taking into ac- pal districts and urban districts of the Republic of der use. At the same time problems of the mineral Practical significance. Experimentally established count all means of state support, except for the Sakha (Yakutia). nutrition of animals in reliance on individual regions the possibility and viability of food supplements of Russia are insufficiently studied. Hence, study “Ecostimul-2” and zeolite usage as complex mine- of the optimization of the mineral nutrition for dairy ral supplements for the dairy cows. Recommenda- P51 The Results of Research Activities of Pupils of the Tulaginsky Secondary cows by fortification of their ration using macro- tions for their use have been developed. School named after P.I. Kochnev and microelements is important for conducting re- Based on the researches of the use of “Ecosti- searches in the conditions of Yakutia. mul-2” and zeolite in feeding of dairy cows, the EVGENIYA I. PRIBYLYKH1, LUDMILA M. KOKOLOVA2, ANNA N. MAKSIMOVA3 Study subjects were Kholmogory breed of cows. following conclusions were drawn: 1. Inclusion of 1 Dr. agr. sc., Scientific director, Yakutsk, email: [email protected] Goal of the research is to understand the influence “Ecostimul-2” and zeolite in the ration of dairy cows 2 Doctor vet. sc., Head of the Small Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of feeding with mineral supplements “Ecostimul-2” increased milk productivity by 0.3 kg. 2. Feeding of Agriculture, email: [email protected] and zeolite on milk production of cows. dairy cows “Ecostimul-2” and zeolite increased 3 Teacher of biology, Tulagino village, 677906, Nikolaeva, Str. 5, [email protected] Main objectives of the research: milk production by 0.9 kg and fat content in milk 1. Research the possible use of “Ecostimul-2” and by 0.12%. Hematological, biochemical and clini- Research activity of pupils is one of the components to yield by 1-1.5 times (349 c/ha) in relation to the zeolite for feeding dairy cows; cal readings were in the normal condition. Use of of the education and upbringing of schoolchildren. control (219 c/ha). The recoupment of 1 ton of fer- 2. Research the influence of “Ecostimul-2” and ze- “Ecostimul-2” and zeolite decreased the prime cost In this connection, in the process of education, it tilizers, preparations with an increase in yield was olite on milk production of cows; of 1 kg of milk and increased production profitability is important to identify the interests of pupils, to 86 kg/t. 3. Identify digestibility and use of nutritional sub- of milk. Production profitability of milk by experi- ensure the realization of the scientific and cre- Research on the study of nitrogen fixation in frozen stances of ration; mental groups was 12.2%, 16.6% and 23.6%. ative abilities of pupils, to provide an opportunity meadow chernozem soil showed that the nitrogen for self-actualization in research activities. In our fixation process is actively underway in the soil. school, much attention is paid to the implementa- The content of the aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteri- tion of knowledge, abilities of pupils in a real re- um Azotobacter is abundant. When organic ferti- search project, which have considerable scientific lizer is applied, the Azotobacter content in the soil value. increases significantly and reaches up to 100% of Scientific research conducted by the pupils showed soil clusters on Ashby medium. In the studied so- that the use of biopreparations, potassium huma- ils, a local strain of Azotobacter chroococcum was te and mineral fertilizer (NPK)60 on the terrain in found. the vicinity of Tulagino village increased the pota- 84 85 List of Participants List of Participants

ABRAMOV, ALEKSEY F. BYLGAEVA, ANZHELA A. ELBYADOVA, EVDOKIYA I. IL'INA, ELENA N. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut State Agricultural Academy [email protected] [email protected] ALEKSEEVA, MOTRENA V. IVANOV, REVORIY V. Yakut State Agricultural Academy BURTSEVA, IRINA A. EVSYUKOVA, VICTORIYA K. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut State Agricultural Academy [email protected]

ALEKSEEVA, VALENTINA I. DAYANOVA, GALINA I. FABER, MIRKO IVANOVA, NARIYA D. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Robert-Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany Yakut State Agricultural Academy [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ALEKSEEVA, VERONIKA N. Yakut State Agricultural Academy DESYATKIN, ALEKSEY R. FEDOROV, AFANASIY I. KHAJEHEI, FOROUGH Institute of Biological Problems of Cryolithozone, North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany AMMOSOVA, ELENA P. Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science Institute of Health [email protected] North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, [email protected] [email protected] Institute of Health KOKOLOVA, LUDMILA M. [email protected] DESYATKIN, ROMAN V. GAVRIL'EVA, LUBOV' YU. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Institute of Biological Problems of Cryolithozone, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] BARASHKOVA, ANASTASIYA I. Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science [email protected] Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] KOZLOVA, LYUBOV' [email protected] GOGOLEVA, PRASKOV'YA A. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture DMITRIEVA, TUYARA Yakut State Agricultural Academy [email protected] BELEVTSOVA, VALENTINA I. Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] GRIGOR'EV, INNOKENTIY I. KUZ'MINA, NATAL'YA V. [email protected] Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut State Agricultural Academy DREHMANN, MARCO BEYER, WOLFGANG University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany HÖLZLE, LUDWIG E. LEMKE, STEFANIE University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany [email protected] University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany University of Coventry, UK / [email protected] [email protected] University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany DULOVA, SARGYLANA V. [email protected] BLAGODATSKIY, SERGEY Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture HUBER, IRENE University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany [email protected] University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany MAKSIMOVA, ANNA N. [email protected] [email protected] Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture EFREMOVA, SARGYLANA P. [email protected] BOCHKAREV, INNOKENTIY I. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture IGNAT'EVA, MARGARITA E. Yakut State Agricultural Academy Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Con- MAKSIMOVA, KHARITINA I. EGOROVA, IRINA K. sumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture BORISOVA, VILENA B. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture (Rospotrebnadzor), Regional Office in Yakutia [email protected] Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected]

86 87 List of Participants List of Participants

MATCHAKHTYROV, GRIGORIY N. OKHLOPKOVA, POLINA P. POTAPOVA, KATERINA SEMENOV, SERGEY I. Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, [email protected] [email protected] Institute of Health MATVEEV, NIKOLAY A. [email protected] Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture PAGEL, HOLGER PROKOP'EVA, A. University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Yakut State Agricultural Academy SHADRIN, VYACHESLAV I. NEUSTROEV, MIKHAIL M. [email protected] [email protected] Institute of for Humanities Research and Indigenous Ministry of Ecology of the Republic of Sakha (Yak.) Studies of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Aca- [email protected] PANKRATOV, V.V. PROTOD'YAKONOVA, GALINA P. demy of Sciences Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut State Agricultural Academy [email protected] NEUSTROEV, MIKHAIL P. [email protected] [email protected] Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture SHADRINA, YANA L. [email protected] PAVLOVA, ALEKSANDRA I. PROTOPOPOVA, ANNA Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] NIKITINA, ANASTASIYA A. [email protected] Department of Veterinary, Republic of Sakha (Yak.) PUDOV, ALEKSEY G. SIDOROV, ANDREY A. PETROVA, LIDIYA V. Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut State Agricultural Academy NIKOLAEVA, FEVRON'YA V. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] [email protected] Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] RESHETNIKOV, ALEKSANDR D. SKRYABINA, MARFA P. NIKONOVA, TAT'YANA A. PLATONOVA, AGAF'YA Z. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut State Agricultural Academy [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ROBBEK, NIKOLAY S. SLEPTSOV, EVGENIY S. NIFONTOV, KONSTANTIN R. POPOV, ANDRIAN Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] SLEPTSOV, IVAN I. ROMANOVA, VARVARA V. Yakut State Agricultural Academy NYUKKANOV, AYAN N. POPOV, EVGENIY N. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] SLEPTSOVA, SNEZHANA S. ROMIG, THOMAS North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, OBOEVA, NATALIYA A. POPOV, RUSLAN G. University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Medical Institute Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] POTAPOV, MIKHAIL D. SAVVINOVA, MARGARITA S. OKHLOPKOV, ALEKSANDR M. Yakut State Agricultural Academy Yakut State Agricultural Academy Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary [email protected] Surveillance, Regional Office in Yakutia

88 89 List of Participants Notes

STEPANOV, AYAAL I. VINOKUROVA, LILIYA I. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture Institute of for Humanities Research and Indigenous [email protected] Studies of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Aca- demy of Sciences STEPANOV, KONSTANTIN M. [email protected] Yakut Research Center of Complex Medical Pro- blems / Yakut State Agricultural Academy YAKOVLEVA, MARIYA T. [email protected] Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] STEPANOVA, ANNA M. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture YAKOVLEVA, NARIYA Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture STEPANOVA, SVETLANA Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture ZANDANOVA, TUYANA N. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture STARKOV, NIKOLAY F. [email protected] Yakut State Agricultural Academy ZAKHAROVA, RAISA N. TARABUKIN, NIKOLAY I. North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, Yakut State Agricultural Academy Institute of Health [email protected] TARABUKINA, NADEZHDA P. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture ZAROVNYAEV, STEPAN I. [email protected] Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected] TIKHONOVA, VALENTINA V. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture

TIMOFEEV, SEMEN Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture

VASIL'EV, SERGEY V. Yakut State Agricultural Academy

VINOKUROV, NIKOLAY Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture [email protected]

90 91 Imprint Editor: University of Hohenheim, Research Center for Heath Sciences Wollgrasweg 43, 70599 Stuttgart, +49 (0)711 459 24615, [email protected] https://health.uni-hohenheim.de Printed in Yakutsk, August 2018 Layout: Hohenheim Research Center for Heath Sciences Photos: Cover (c) Svetlana Khatylaeva; Imprint page: University of Hohenheim