GET ACTIVE! Deppygloying Active Traffic Mana gement

Glenn N. Havinoviski, P.E. ITS Virginia AitAssociate Vice PidtPresident, TttiTransportation StSystems Annual Mee ting an d Ex hibition Iteris. Inc. Charlottesville, Virginia Sterling, Virginia April 2010 ATM Defi niti on

. Dynamic management of traffic conditions in manner that reduces recurrent, nonrecurrent congestion. . Increases throughput, safety thru integrated systems . Automation to optimize performance quickly

. Combines operational strategies to fully (Washington State DOT) optimize existing infrastructure, provide measurable benefits to the network and to motoring public.

FHWA, August, 2007; TRB update (Subconmittee on ATM)

2 Why ATM?

. Funding challenges and societal issues are driving development of new, integrated transportation operations strategies . ATM provides a way to simultaneously address capacity, demand management, mobility and safety issues

3 Early Example (NJ Turnpike)

4 5 6 In tegra tion of Spec ific Elemen ts

Active Traffic Management

Dynamic Lane Variable Speed Road Queue Use of Shoulder CCtlontrol Limit s WiWarning StSystems As Tra ffic Lane

7 ATM May Also In tegra te…

Active Traffic Management

Dynamic Lane Variable Speed Road Queue Use of Shoulder AidtAccident Control Limits Warning Systems As Traffic Lane Pull Offs With Call Boxes

Traffic & Automated PTZ Dynamic Incident Speed Video Messaging Detection Enforcement Monitoring

8 Typical ITS Architecture Elements in ATM

9 Integrated Operating Strategies

. Managing Corridors of Fixed Capacity . Managing Corridors of Reduced Capacity . Managing Road Safety Under Inclement Conditions . “Managed Lanes” (incl. part-time HOV, toll operations)

10 Examples of Integrated Strategies

• Managgging Corridors of Fixed Ca pacit y

Chesapeake Bay Bridge, MD I-66, Fairfax, VA (reversible lanes on (peak period span during summer) shoulder lane running)

11 Examples of Integrated Strategies

• Managgging Corridors of Fixed Ca pacit y

E L E M E N T N O T E S Unbalanced Flow / Reversible Lane Dynamic Lane or Shoulder Running Indications (typically Control Time-of-Day schedule)

Variable Speed downstreamBased conditions; on prevailing may also be reduced Limits during periods of shoulder running (done in UK)

Use of Shoulder Normally time-of-day schedule, but As Traffic Lane could be expanded per traffic demand.

Dynamic Rerouting traffic to alternate routes Messaging as appropriate

12 Examples of Integrated Strategies

• Managing Corridors of Reduced Capacity

Germany (Bavarian Motorways)

13 Examples of Integrated Strategies

• Managgging Corridors of Reduced Ca pacit y

E L E M E N T N O T E S

Dynamic Lane mer Warn of lane closure and Control ggp(p)e traffic into open lanes (Lane Taper)

Variable Speed Reduce speeds upstream of blockage or Limits vehicle queuing (Speed Funnel)

Use of Shoulder Implement if immediate need for rerouting As Traffic Lane vehicles to other locations QeeQueue Warning / Dynamic Warn of specific dela Messaging to alternates as appropriate y, reroute traffic

14 Examples of Integrated Strategies

• Managing Road Safety Under Inclement Conditions

15 Examples of Integrated Strategies

• Managing Road Safety Under Inclement Conditions

E L E M E N T N O T E S

Dynamic Lane Control Lane Taper upstream of lane closures

Variable Speed Reduce speeds upstream of Limits low viibilitisibility, rain/ice/snow (Speed Funne i/i/l) (S d F l)

Queue ﻋﺎﺻﻔﺔ رﻣﻠﻴﺔ Sandstorm Warning / Dynamic Weather ,rerouting rerouting advisories advisories Warning 2 km Messaging

16 Examples of Integrated Strategies

• “Managed Lanes” (incl. part-time HOV, toll operations)

I-35W, Minneapolis (part-time HOT in AM Peak)

I-35W, Minneapolis (shoulder used for HOT in AM Peak)

(Photos from Mn/DOT)

17 Examples of Integrated Strategies

• “Managed Lanes” (incl. part-time HOV, toll operations)

E L E M E N T N O T E S

Dynamic Lane Indicate shoulder open or special ◊ Control symbol for HOT use of regular lane

downstream conditions; may also be reduced Variable Speed Based on prevailing Limits during periods of shoulder running

Use of Shoulder As Traffic Lane If used, time-of-day based on HOT policy

Dynamic Dynamic toll info, along with Messaging travel time /advisory info

18 Typical Scenarios

. “Normal Traffic Conditions” . Recurring Congestion (speed reductions based on trigger) . Congestion Price change (downstream volume trigger) . Shoulder blockage . Minor Accidents (< 15 min expected duration) . Ma jor Accid ent s (> 15 mi n expect ed dura tion ) . Road / Bridge / Tunnel Closure . Scheduled Road Work . Weather Advisory . Special Event

19 Operational Rules

. Confirm that a particular scenario is occurring (e.g., recurring congestion, major accident) or that it has ended – Real-time data collection,,g, monitoring, confirmation needed . Identify response plans corresponding to scenario and location

20 Decision Support Process

• Identify Operational Criteria / Triggers • Develop Operational Rules • Formulate Response Plans • Control Patterns • Control Logic (Conflict Monitoring) • Dynamic Pricing (managed lanes) • Monitor Conflicts Between Scenarios, Establish Priorities

21 Example: Shoulder Running terminated due to accident (I-66, VA)

22 Level of Automation for ATM Activities

Depends on Application • Shoulder, reversible lane operations require confirmation that lanes are clear (e.g. operator CCTV monitoring, service patrol) • Pre-programmed responses for congestion, incidents, lane closures can expedite message deployment

• Some human oversight needed even with automation

23 Notable Examples of ATM Tools in U. S.

. US (legacy systems) – Peak period shoulder running (I-66 and I-264) – Reversible lane facilities ((,TOD, I-95/395) – Major bridges / tunnels (VSL, lane control) – Work zone syy(,qg)(stems (VSL, queue warning) (I-95/495) . US (integrated deployments) – Managg(ed lanes (UPA for I-35W in MN) – Washington State

24 Notable Overseas ATM Deployments

. Netherlands (since 1981) . UK (M42, M25, other) . Germany (since ‘70s) . Turkish motorways . Hungary (M0 ri ng road) . Dubai (2007)

25 Example of Benefits

. UK M42 mot orway w ith 120,000 ADT –Travel time 30% less –Noise reduction –Accident reduction up to 13% –FlFuel consumption reddduced bby 4% –Vehicle emissions reduced by 10% –84% of drivers felt that system was safe

26 Example of Benefits (VTRC, Fudala and Fontaine, 2010)

. I-95/495/WW Bridge Smart Work Zone – Variable speed limits, queue warning signage, detection – Limited application, but some observations noted: • VSL works best when adequate capacity available • VSL at exit of control zone helppgs manage outflow • VSL can delay onset of congestion even if as few as 20% of drivers obey reduced speed indication • Benefits accrue over extended period, so long-term application of ATM could be more beneficial than short-term

27 Deployment Challenges

. Enforcement of VSL . Level of Operational Supervision Greater Than Non-ATM . Benefit-cost over time – may affect spacing and level of deployment . Coordination with static signing . Incorporating ATM info into IntelliDrive solutions in future?

28 Summary

. It’s All About the Integration!

. Deployments to Date Have Produced Consistent Travel Time and Safety Benefits

. Need the Commitment to Full-Time System Operations, Enforcement

. Need to Plan the Operations

. “Supervised Automation” Approach

29 SHILL ALERT SHILL ALERT SHILL ALERT ITSVA will offer a workshop, “Active Traffic Management - An Overview” on Wednesday, May 26th, at the Jepson Alumni Center located at the University of Richmond. The workshop is from 12 Noon – 2 PM with a bblhbiit1130AMbrown bag lunch beginning at 11:30 AM. The cos t o f th e work sh op and lunch for ITSVA members is $90 and $120 for non-members. Attendees will receive 2 CEU credits and you must register to attend.

RitRegister on litline at www.itsva.org OR ma il your c hec k to:

ITSVA Attn: CEU Workshop 600 Peter Jefferson Parkway, Suite 300 Charlottesville, VA 22911

Instructor: Glenn N. Havinoviski, PE

33 34 E-Mail: (703) 925-3812 20164 Sterling, VA Suite 230 107 CarpenterDrive President, TransportationSystems Associate Vice Havinoviski, P.E. Glenn N. [email protected] , Suite230

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