Quaderni Del Trentennale 1975-2005
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Kant and Lindahl
KANT AND LINDAHL By John E. Roemer and Joaquim Silvestre February 2021 COWLES FOUNDATION DISCUSSION PAPER NO. 2278 COWLES FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH IN ECONOMICS YALE UNIVERSITY Box 208281 New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8281 http://cowles.yale.edu/ “Kant and Lindahl” by John E. Roemer, Yale University, and Joaquim Silvestre, University of California, Davis* February 2021 1. Introduction A good is public if its consumption is nonrival, and some public goods are nonexcludable. We consider three different ways by which the amounts of a public good and the distribution of its costs are determined: (i) The political system; (ii) Private supply by voluntary contributions; (iii) The supply of an excludable public good by private firms. 1.1. Public provision by the political system For many public goods, the decisions on their provision and financing are made by the public sector. These goods are quantitatively important, their supply requiring a substantial fraction of the budget at all levels of government. Knut Wicksell (1896) and Erik Lindahl (1919) analyzed the operation of a representative parliament.1 They envisaged a negotiation among the various parties in the parliament until all universally beneficial alternatives were exhausted. The resulting unanimous agreement yields (Pareto) efficiency. Section 2 below offers a precise model. 1.2. Private provision by voluntary contributions Some public goods are provided outside the public sector and outside the market by individual voluntary contributions: the textbook example is public radio. These tend to be quantitatively less important than the ones provided by the government. But information is a public good par excellence: thanks to the internet, much information is now provided on a voluntary contribution basis (Wikipedia, consumer ratings of products…). -
Elenco Scarti 2020 Deposito.Pdf
Scarto materiale documentario proveniente dal deposito di Sestu Ordinato secondo CDD Dewey N. Inventario Classe Autore Titolo Anno 1 45546 005. 7565 DAI S.A. RBASE 5000 GUIDA ITALIANA ALL'USO 1987 2 45542 005. 7565 CRO ROBERTO CROCE Dbase III CORSO DI PROGRAMMAZIONE 1987 3 51441 005. 7565 COM S.A. Dbase IV Dbase SOL S.D. 4 45538 005.7565 CAR JOSEPH DAVID CARRABIS Dbase III TECNICHE AVANZATE DI PROGRAMMAZIONE 1985 5 52649 005. 7565 CAT BRUNO CATALANO -EZIO RADDI INFORMIX-SQL 1990 6 51357 006.676 GUZ JOE GUZAITIS-JOE BYRD-PHIL BALMA IL MONDO DIGFM 1989 7 40874 006.676 MYE R.E MYERS GRAFICA PER MICROCOMPUTER 1982 8 56434 006.68 GUG ETTORE GUGLIELMI SEGNO.DISEGNO ED ELETTRONICA 1993 9 45547 006.686 DAI S.A. AUTO-CAD GUIDA ITALINA ALL'USO 1987 10 45548 006.686 HEA DONALO HEARN-M.PAULINE BAKER GRAFICA PER IL PC IBM S.D. 11 4498 016.789912 CAN ROLAND DE CANOE PRELUDIO A UNA DISCOTECA 1961 12 47516 006 6 NEW WILLIAM M. NEWMAN-ROBERTF SPROULL PRINCIPI DI COMPUTER GRAPHICS 1986 13 62307 006 6 IHR SYBILIHRIG-EMIL IHRIG IMMAGINI DIGITALI TRATTAMENTO E STAMPA 1996 14 38305 006 5 INF SA. INFORMATICA MUSICA/INDUSTRIA 1984 15 47520 006 67 HAR STEVEN HARRINGTON COMPUTER GRAPHICS CORSO DI PROGRAMMAZIONE 1985 16 51356 006.6 VIS VIRGINIO CANTONI-STEFANO LEVIALDI LA VISIONE DELLE MACCHINE 1989 17 40103 00633LAZ TOMMASO M LAZZARI-FABRIZIO L. RICCI I SISTEMI ESPERTI 1985 18 46303 006.3 WIN TERRYWINOGRAD-FERNANDO FLORES CALCOLATORI E CONOSCENZA 1987 19 43450 006.3 SIM G.LSIMONS INTELLIGENZA ARTIFICIALE 1985 20 52364 006.3 JOH GEORGE JOHNSON LA MACCHINA E LA -
Structural Reform and Economic Policy
Structural Reform and Economic Policy Edited by Robert M. Solow Structural Reform and Economic Policy This is IEA conference volume no. 139 This page intentionally left blank Structural Reform and Economic Policy Edited by Robert M. Solow Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, USA in association with the INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION © International Economic Association 2004 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2004 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 1–4039–3646–3 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. -
Statuto E Attività 1962-2012
ISTITUTO PER LA DOCUMENTAZIONE E GLI STUDI LEGISLATIVI Sotto l’Alto Patronato del Presidente della Repubblica STATUTO E ATTIVITÀ 1962-2012 JOVENE EDITORE NAPOLI 2012 ISLE Via del Plebiscito 102 - 00186 ROMA Tel. 06 679 5142 - Fax 06 679 3449 [email protected] DIRITTI D’AUTORE RISERVATI © Copyright 2012 ISBN 978-88-243-2109-9 JOVENE EDITORE Via Mezzocannone 109 - 80134 NAPOLI NA - ITALIA Tel. (+39) 081 552 10 19 - Fax (+39) 081 552 06 87 web site: www.jovene.it e-mail: [email protected] Printed in Italy Stampato in Italia ISTITUTO PER LA DOCUMENTAZIONE E GLI STUDI LEGISLATIVI Sotto l’Alto Patronato del Presidente della Repubblica UFFICIO DI PRESIDENZA Presidente Onorario Antonio Maccanico Presidente Giovanni Pieraccini Vicepresidenti In rappresentanza In rappresentanza dei Soci ordinari: dei Soci collettivi: Augusto Barbera Giuseppe Mazzei Francesco D’Onofrio Segretario Generale Silvio Traversa Consiglio Direttivo Augusto Barbera A.B.I. Francesco D’Onofrio Domenico Siniscalco ASSOGESTIONI Gaetano Gifuni Alessandro Rossi Casa Editrice Dott. Eugenio Jovene s.r.l. Giuseppe Guarino Giuseppe Mazzei Il Chiostro Vincenzo Lippolis ENEL Antonio Maccanico GRUPPO FERROVIE DELLO STATO Donato Marra Giovanni Ialongo Massimo Sarmi Giovanni Pieraccini POSTE ITALIANE S.P.A. Massimo Scioscioli Gaetano Blandini Paolo Agoglia Elisabetta Serafin SIAE Franco Bernabé Silvio Traversa TELECOM ITALIA Ugo Zampetti UNICREDIT Tesoriere Massimo Scioscioli Revisori dei Conti Gaetano De Vito - Sebastiano Piana - Francesco Sposato INDICE GIOVANNI PIERACCINI, Presentazione.................................................................. p. 7 SILVIO TRAVERSA, Introduzione........................................................................... » 11 ANTONIO MACCANICO, La nascita dell’ISLE ...................................................... » 15 ANTIGONO DONATI, I primi quindici anni dell’ISLE......................................... » 19 GIULIANO AMATO, La Scuola di Scienza e Tecnica della Legislazione.............. -
Heterotic String Compactification with a View Towards Cosmology
Heterotic String Compactification with a View Towards Cosmology by Jørgen Olsen Lye Thesis for the degree Master of Science (Master i fysikk) Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Oslo May 2014 Abstract The goal is to look at what constraints there are for the internal manifold in phe- nomenologically viable Heterotic string compactification. Basic string theory, cosmology, and string compactification is sketched. I go through the require- ments imposed on the internal manifold in Heterotic string compactification when assuming vanishing 3-form flux, no warping, and maximally symmetric 4-dimensional spacetime with unbroken N = 1 supersymmetry. I review the current state of affairs in Heterotic moduli stabilisation and discuss merging cosmology and particle physics in this setup. In particular I ask what additional requirements this leads to for the internal manifold. I conclude that realistic manifolds on which to compactify in this setup are severely constrained. An extensive mathematics appendix is provided in an attempt to make the thesis more self-contained. Acknowledgements I would like to start by thanking my supervier Øyvind Grøn for condoning my hubris and for giving me free rein to delve into string theory as I saw fit. It has lead to a period of intense study and immense pleasure. Next up is my brother Kjetil, who has always been a good friend and who has been constantly looking out for me. It is a source of comfort knowing that I can always turn to him for help. Mentioning friends in such an acknowledgement is nearly mandatory. At least they try to give me that impression. -
Vincent Bouchard – Associate Professor
Vincent Bouchard | Associate Professor Rhodes Scholar (Québec and Magdalen, 2001) Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta 632 CAB, Edmonton, AB, Canada – T6G 2G1 T +1 (780) 492 0099 • B [email protected] Í www.ualberta.ca/ vbouchar Education University of Oxford, Magdalen College Oxford, UK D.Phil. Mathematics 2001–2005 Université de Montréal Montréal, QC B.Sc. Physics, Excellence, Palmarès de la doyenne, average 4.3/4.3 1998–2001 Cégep Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC D.E.C. Natural Sciences, Excellence 1996–1998 D.Phil. thesis Title: Toric Geometry and String Theory [arXiv:hep-th/0609123] Supervisor: Rouse Ball Professor Philip Candelas Positions Associate Professor Edmonton, AB Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta 2013–Present Assistant Professor Edmonton, AB Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta 2009–2013 Postdoctoral Fellow Cambridge, MA Physics Department, Harvard University 2007–2009 NSERC Postdoctoral Fellow Waterloo, ON Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 2006–2007 Postdoctoral Fellow Berkeley, CA Mathematical Sciences Research Institute 2006 “New Topological Structures in Physics” program, January–May Postdoctoral Fellow Phildelphia, PA Department of Mathematics, University of Pennsylvania 2005 Joint math/physics visiting position, September–December Research Grants NSERC Discovery Grant: $225,000 2013–2018 NSERC Discovery Grant: $130,000 2010–2013 University of Alberta Research -
Tax Fairness and the Tax Mix David G. Duff Associate Professor Faculty
Tax Fairness and the Tax Mix David G. Duff Associate Professor Faculty of Law University of Toronto Visiting Associate Professor Faculty of Law University of British Columbia November 2008 I. Introduction Justice, John Rawls famously wrote, is the first virtue of social institutions.1 Since a society’s tax system is one of its most basic and essential social institutions, the justice or fairness of this tax system is an important subject for social and political theory, as well as for practical politics. In order to assess the fairness of any particular tax or the tax system as a whole, however, it is essential to consider the purpose of the tax and the tax system in general. Although the most obvious purpose of most taxes is to raise revenue to finance public expenditures, this is not the only rationale for taxation which may also be employed to regulate social and economic behaviour and to shape the distribution of economic resources.2 For this reason, the concept of tax fairness is necessarily pluralistic, depending on the particular purpose for which the tax is imposed. Not surprisingly, therefore, modern welfare states typically levy a mix of taxes, including personal and corporate income taxes, broad-based consumption taxes, excise taxes on specific goods or services, payroll taxes, property or wealth taxes, wealth transfer taxes, as well as user fees and benefit taxes. Since the justification for any tax presumably depends on the legitimacy of the underlying purpose which it is designed to promote, the concept of fair taxation is necessarily secondary and derivative – depending on more fundamental principles concerning the fairness or justice of the public spending that taxes finance, the regulatory goals that they support, and the distribution of economic resources that they help to define. -
The Center for Theoretical Physics: the First 50 Years
CTP50 The Center for Theoretical Physics: The First 50 Years Saturday, March 24, 2018 50 SPEAKERS Andrew Childs, Co-Director of the Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer CTPScience and Professor of Computer Science, University of Maryland Will Detmold, Associate Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics Henriette Elvang, Professor of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Alan Guth, Victor Weisskopf Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics Daniel Harlow, Assistant Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics Aram Harrow, Associate Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics David Kaiser, Germeshausen Professor of the History of Science and Professor of Physics Chung-Pei Ma, J. C. Webb Professor of Astronomy and Physics, University of California, Berkeley Lisa Randall, Frank B. Baird, Jr. Professor of Science, Harvard University Sanjay Reddy, Professor of Physics, Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington Tracy Slatyer, Jerrold Zacharias CD Assistant Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics Dam Son, University Professor, University of Chicago Jesse Thaler, Associate Professor, Center for Theoretical Physics David Tong, Professor of Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, England and Trinity College Fellow Frank Wilczek, Herman Feshbach Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics and 2004 Nobel Laureate The Center for Theoretical Physics: The First 50 Years 3 50 SCHEDULE 9:00 Introductions and Welcomes: Michael Sipser, Dean of Science; CTP Peter -
Genetic Testing
GENETIC TESTING The transcript of a Witness Seminar held by the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, London, on 13 July 2001 Edited by D A Christie and E M Tansey Volume 17 2003 CONTENTS Illustrations v Introduction Professor Peter Harper vii Acknowledgements ix Witness Seminars: Meetings and publications xi E M Tansey and D A Christie Transcript Edited by D A Christie and E M Tansey 1 References 73 Biographical notes 91 Glossary 105 Index 115 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1 Triploid cells in a human embryo, 1961. 20 Figure 2 The use of FISH with DNA probes from the X and Y chromosomes to sex human embryos. 62 v vi INTRODUCTION Genetic testing is now such a widespread and important part of medicine that it is hard to realize that it has almost all emerged during the past 30 years, with most of the key workers responsible for the discoveries and development of the field still living and active. This alone makes it a suitable subject for a Witness Seminar but there are others that increase its value, notably the fact that a high proportion of the critical advances took place in the UK; not just the basic scientific research, but also the initial applications in clinical practice, particularly those involving inherited disorders. To see these topics discussed by the people who were actually involved in their creation makes fascinating reading; for myself it is tinged with regret at having been unable to attend and contribute to the seminar, but with some compensation from being able to look at the contributions more objectively than can a participant. -
Atti Dell'accademia Pontaniana Anno 2008
ATTI DELLA ACCADEMIA PONTANIANA ISSN 1121-9238 ATTI DELLA ACCADEMIA PONTANIANA NUOVA SERIE - VOLUME LVII ANNO ACCADEMICO 2008 DLXVI DALLA FONDAZIONE GIANNINI EDITORE NAPOLI 2009 4 NOME AUTORE (4) Il presente volume è pubblicato grazie al contributo dell’Istituto Banco di Napoli - Fondazione, del Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca, del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività culturali e della Regione Campania COMMEMORAZIONI Atti Accademia Pontaniana, Napoli N.S., Vol. LVII (2008), pp. 7-10 Commemorazione di Gianfranco Cimmino (1908-1989) nel centenario della nascita tenuta dal Socio Ord. Res. CARLO SBORDONE Gianfranco Cimmino, nacque a Napoli il 12 marzo 1908. Il padre Francesco (1862- 1939) illustre orientalista e poeta napoletano, fu più volte Segretario Generale della Società Nazionale di Scienze Lettere e Arti in Napoli dal 1915 al 1930 e fu Segretario della classe di Archeologia Lettere e Belle Arti dal 1914 al 1935. Laureato a 19 anni in Matematica all’Università di Napoli nel 1928 divenne assistente di Geometria Analitica e Libero Docente in Analisi nel 1931. Vinse il concorso a cattedra nel 1938 a Cagliari per poi passare a Bologna dal 1939. La sua attività scientifica comprende una sessantina di pubblicazioni in vari settori dell’Analisi. I primi lavori di Cimmino riguardavano la cosiddetta ‘Identità di Picone’, che 8 CARLO SBORDONE (2) egli estese in vari modi, uno dei quali accolto anche nel trattato di Analisi di Severi- Scorza, un altro in una memoria lincea ‘Sui sistemi di infinite equazioni differen- ziali lineari con infinite funzioni incognite’ s.6, V (1931-34), 271-345, in cui si pre- correva quella che poi è stata chiamata teoria delle ‘equazioni differenziali astratte’. -
Emma Castelnuovo
TINA NASTASI Una grande protagonista della cultura scientifica: Emma Castelnuovo Ebooks del CENTRO STUDI ENRIQUES · 2 EBOOKS DEL CENTRO STUDI ENRIQUES 2. nell’ambito di PianetaP Comune di Livorno Galileo Assessorato alle politiche 6hhdX^Vo^dcZ8ZcigdYdccV 2012 delle pari opportunità :K:A>C69:B6<>HIG>H La prof. Tina Nastasi insegnante, storica della scienza presenta Una grande protagonista della cultura scientifica: Emma Castelnuovo, matematica “Oggi come oggi, quello su cui si deve insistere a mio avviso è la fantasia che occorre per fare il matematico, perché, con i mezzi formidabili che abbiamo, ci sono tante, a volte troppe, informazioni e bisogna saperle scegliere, e ci vuole anche il posto per l’intuizione e la fantasia del matematico”. “Il corso di matematica deve essere influenzato dall’osservazione della realtà, non solo quella che si vede andando in giro – come le ombre degli oggetti o le impalcature per la strada – ma anche quella fatta dal materiale, purché sia semplicissimo, come spago, barrette ecc… [e quando tutto appare difficile] vuol dire che la matematica si è fatta astratta”. Introduce Ornella Pompeo Faracovi Centro Studi Enriques Lunedì 3 dicembre 2012, ore 16.30 Sala N. Badaloni, Biblioteca Labronica Villa Fabbricotti, Viale della Libertà, 30 - Livorno Siete invitate e invitati a partecipare 2012 - Novembre di Livorno del Comune Stampa Centro TINA NASTASI Una grande protagonista della cultura scientifica: Emma Castelnuovo TESTO PUBBLICATO IN FORMATO ELETTRONICO EBOOK DAL CENTRO STUDI ENRIQUES DI LIVORNO. © Copyright 2014, Centro Studi Enriques via Roma, 234 57100 Livorno - Italy web : www.centrostudienriques.it mail: [email protected] PROPRIETA’ ARTISTICA E LETTERARIA RISERVATA PER TUTTI I PAESI Licenza Creative Commons Questa opera è distribuito con licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate 2.5 Generico. -
Science and Fascism
Science and Fascism Scientific Research Under a Totalitarian Regime Michele Benzi Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Emory University Outline 1. Timeline 2. The ascent of Italian mathematics (1860-1920) 3. The Italian Jewish community 4. The other sciences (mostly Physics) 5. Enter Mussolini 6. The Oath 7. The Godfathers of Italian science in the Thirties 8. Day of infamy 9. Fascist rethoric in science: some samples 10. The effect of Nazism on German science 11. The aftermath: amnesty or amnesia? 12. Concluding remarks Timeline • 1861 Italy achieves independence and is unified under the Savoy monarchy. Venice joins the new Kingdom in 1866, Rome in 1870. • 1863 The Politecnico di Milano is founded by a mathe- matician, Francesco Brioschi. • 1871 The capital is moved from Florence to Rome. • 1880s Colonial period begins (Somalia, Eritrea, Lybia and Dodecanese). • 1908 IV International Congress of Mathematicians held in Rome, presided by Vito Volterra. Timeline (cont.) • 1913 Emigration reaches highest point (more than 872,000 leave Italy). About 75% of the Italian popu- lation is illiterate and employed in agriculture. • 1914 Benito Mussolini is expelled from Socialist Party. • 1915 May: Italy enters WWI on the side of the Entente against the Central Powers. More than 650,000 Italian soldiers are killed (1915-1918). Economy is devastated, peace treaty disappointing. • 1921 January: Italian Communist Party founded in Livorno by Antonio Gramsci and other former Socialists. November: National Fascist Party founded in Rome by Mussolini. Strikes and social unrest lead to political in- stability. Timeline (cont.) • 1922 October: March on Rome. Mussolini named Prime Minister by the King.