Physics and Mathematics : a Happily Evolving Marriage ?
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The Center for Theoretical Physics: the First 50 Years
CTP50 The Center for Theoretical Physics: The First 50 Years Saturday, March 24, 2018 50 SPEAKERS Andrew Childs, Co-Director of the Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer CTPScience and Professor of Computer Science, University of Maryland Will Detmold, Associate Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics Henriette Elvang, Professor of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Alan Guth, Victor Weisskopf Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics Daniel Harlow, Assistant Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics Aram Harrow, Associate Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics David Kaiser, Germeshausen Professor of the History of Science and Professor of Physics Chung-Pei Ma, J. C. Webb Professor of Astronomy and Physics, University of California, Berkeley Lisa Randall, Frank B. Baird, Jr. Professor of Science, Harvard University Sanjay Reddy, Professor of Physics, Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington Tracy Slatyer, Jerrold Zacharias CD Assistant Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics Dam Son, University Professor, University of Chicago Jesse Thaler, Associate Professor, Center for Theoretical Physics David Tong, Professor of Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, England and Trinity College Fellow Frank Wilczek, Herman Feshbach Professor of Physics, Center for Theoretical Physics and 2004 Nobel Laureate The Center for Theoretical Physics: The First 50 Years 3 50 SCHEDULE 9:00 Introductions and Welcomes: Michael Sipser, Dean of Science; CTP Peter -
The Birth of String Theory
THE BIRTH OF STRING THEORY String theory is currently the best candidate for a unified theory of all forces and all forms of matter in nature. As such, it has become a focal point for physical and philosophical dis- cussions. This unique book explores the history of the theory’s early stages of development, as told by its main protagonists. The book journeys from the first version of the theory (the so-called Dual Resonance Model) in the late 1960s, as an attempt to describe the physics of strong interactions outside the framework of quantum field theory, to its reinterpretation around the mid-1970s as a quantum theory of gravity unified with the other forces, and its successive developments up to the superstring revolution in 1984. Providing important background information to current debates on the theory, this book is essential reading for students and researchers in physics, as well as for historians and philosophers of science. andrea cappelli is a Director of Research at the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Florence. His research in theoretical physics deals with exact solutions of quantum field theory in low dimensions and their application to condensed matter and statistical physics. elena castellani is an Associate Professor at the Department of Philosophy, Uni- versity of Florence. Her research work has focussed on such issues as symmetry, physical objects, reductionism and emergence, structuralism and realism. filippo colomo is a Researcher at the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Florence. His research interests lie in integrable models in statistical mechanics and quantum field theory. paolo di vecchia is a Professor of Theoretical Physics at Nordita, Stockholm, and at the Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen. -
Pos(HRMS)078 ∗ [email protected] Speaker
Two unforgettable years with Hector PoS(HRMS)078 Gabriele Veneziano∗ Collège de France, Paris, France and Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] .......................... ........................... Quarks, Strings and the Cosmos - Hector Rubinstein Memorial Symposium August 09-11, 2010 AlbaNova (Stockholm) Sweden ∗Speaker. c Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Licence. http://pos.sissa.it/ Two unforgettable years Gabriele Veneziano 1. Another lucky coincidence As a high school student in Florence I had the luck of being taught by some excellent teachers: Professor Tebaldo Liverani, in particular, was the one who initiated me to loving maths and physics. His preference, he once confessed, went to the former. However, after some hesitation, mine went to the latter as I entered the local University in 1960. Three years later I had to make another choice, this time about which branch of physics to go for. I was about to be "recruited" by the local high-energy experimental group when, just in time, Professor Raoul Gatto moved from Cagliari to Florence and "rescued" me to theoretical physics. PoS(HRMS)078 At the end of 1965 I received my "Laurea" in physics defending a thesis on some applications of the group SU(6)W . Only later I learned that the W in there apparently stood for Weizmann . Working in Florence as one of Gatto’s "gattini" was very stimulating. However, having always lived at home in my family in Florence, I felt the need to enlarge my horizons, both in physics and in life in general. -
Quaderni Del Trentennale 1975-2005
ISTITUTO ITALIANO PER GLI STUDI FILOSOFICI QUADERNI DEL TRENTENNALE 1975-2005 3 1 2 ISTITUTO ITALIANO PER GLI STUDI FILOSOFICI LEZIONI DI PREMI NOBEL Nella sede dell’Istituto Napoli 2005 3 A cura di Antonio Gargano, Segretario generale dell’Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici @ Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici Palazzo Serra di Cassano Napoli, Via Monte di Dio 14 4 INDICE PREMESSA 7 EDUARDO CAIANIELLO, Napoli perla della scienza 23 AUGUSTO GRAZIANI, Introduction to the essays of Kenneth J. Arrow 29 KENNETH J. ARROW, The Economics of Information 35 KENNETH J. ARROW, General Equilibrium and Economic Growth 47 SHELDON L. GLASHOW, La sfida della fisica delle particelle elementari 55 FRANCESCO NICODEMI, Premessa al testo di David Gross 57 DAVID GROSS, Unified Theories of Everything 63 DAVID GROSS, Teorie unificate del tutto 83 MAX F. P ERUTZ, Emoglobina, una molecola vivente 101 ILYA PRIGOGINE, Vers un humanisme scientifique 105 RITA LEVI MONTALCINI, Un nuovo ordine internazionale per la sicurezza dell’umanità 119 AUGUSTO GRAZIANI, Premessa al testo di James Tobin 123 JAMES TOBIN, Price Flexibility and Full Employment. The Debate Then and Now 133 5 SEMINARI E GIORNATE DI STUDIO DI SCIENZE E STORIA DELLE SCIENZE 147 SEMINARI E GIORNATE DI STUDIO DI STORIA E TEORIA ECONOMICA 331 6 PREMESSA L’Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici fin dalla sua fondazione ha costantemente affiancato alle attività di formazione e di ricerca in ambito filosofico e storico iniziative di ampio respiro nel campo delle scienze matematiche e naturali, persuaso della fondamentale unità della conoscenza nella ricerca della verità. Proprio al tema Unity and Internationalism of the Sciences and Humanities l’Istituto dedicò un convegno nella sede del CERN a Ginevra, alla presenza di Edoardo Amaldi. -
Dean Rickles a BRIEF HISTORY of STRING THEORY
THE FRONTIERS COLLECTION Dean Rickles A BRIEF HISTORY OF STRING THEORY From Dual Models to M-Theory 123 THE FRONTIERS COLLECTION Series editors Avshalom C. Elitzur Unit of Interdisciplinary Studies, Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Gières, France e-mail: [email protected] Laura Mersini-Houghton Department of Physics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255 USA e-mail: [email protected] Maximilian Schlosshauer Department of Physics, University of Portland 5000 North Willamette Boulevard Portland, OR 97203, USA e-mail: [email protected] Mark P. Silverman Department of Physics, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 06106, USA e-mail: [email protected] Jack A. Tuszynski Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada e-mail: [email protected] Rüdiger Vaas Center for Philosophy and Foundations of Science, University of Giessen, 35394, Giessen, Germany e-mail: [email protected] H. Dieter Zeh Gaiberger Straße 38, 69151, Waldhilsbach, Germany e-mail: [email protected] For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/5342 THE FRONTIERS COLLECTION Series editors A. C. Elitzur L. Mersini-Houghton M. Schlosshauer M. P. Silverman J. A. Tuszynski R. Vaas H. D. Zeh The books in this collection are devoted to challenging and open problems at the forefront of modern science, including related philosophical debates. In contrast to typical research monographs, however, they strive to present their topics in a manner accessible also to scientifically literate non-specialists wishing to gain insight into the deeper implications and fascinating questions involved. Taken as a whole, the series reflects the need for a fundamental and interdisciplinary approach to modern science. -
Coin COURIER International Journal of High Energy Physics Investir Pour Tenergie, Tindustrie, La Recherche, La Sante, I'environnement Et La Defense
coin COURIER International journal of high energy physics Investir pour Tenergie, Tindustrie, la recherche, la sante, I'environnement et la defense. Cest le role du CEA. 1 7 000 passionnes de science et de technologie se consacrent a cette mission. Pour preparer I'avenir, ils investissent dans toutes les disciplines scientifiques liees a Tatome. Au CEA, I'avenir c'est innovation et le progres des connaissances. L'ATOME, DE LA RECHERCHE A L'INDUSTRIE ISSN 0304-288X Advertising enquiries Europe Volume 37 No. 7 Micheline Falciola September 1997 Covering current developments in high energy Advertising Manager CERN physics and related fields worldwide CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Editor: Gordon Fraser Tel.: +41 (22) 767 4103 CERN.COURIER® CERN.CH Fax: +41 (22) 782 1906 Production and Advertisements: Micheline Falciola Rest of the world Micheline_Falciola @ cern.ch Guy Griffiths Advisory Board: E.J.N. Wilson (Chairman), E. Lillestol, Advertising Manager, USA M. Neubert, D. Treille; with L. Foa, International Publishers Distributor J. Ferguson 820 Town Center Drive World Wide Web http://www.cern.ch/CERN/Courier/ LANGHORNE PA 19047 Tel.: (215) 750-2642 Around the Laboratories Fax: (215) 750-6343 Standard Model hamburger Distributed to Member State governments, institutes and laboratories affilliated with CERN, and to their personnel. 1 Initial report from major international physics meeting General distribution O Energy and intensity at the Particle Accelerator Conference Report from Vancouver by James Gillies Jacques Dallemagne d CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Spallation for Europe In certain countries, to request copies or to Neutrons galore make address changes contact: China Around the Laboratories Chen Huaiwei CERN: LEP leaps back Institute of High Energy Physics 14 Higher energy at big electron-positron collider P.O. -
The Roots and Fruits of String Theory
CERN Courier November 2018 Interview: Gabriele Veneziano Well-designed The roots and fruits power switches, safer electrical of string theory systems. In the summer of 1968, while a visitor in CERN’s theory division, Gabriele Veneziano wrote a paper titled “Construction of a crossing-symmetric, Regge behaved amplitude for linearly-rising trajectories”. How long does it take for the iron plunger to close the air He was trying to explain the strong interaction, but his paper wound up marking the beginning of string theory. gap? Will the magnetic power switch overheat? How will magnetic forces and induced currents impact the design? Visualization of the electric losses in the core of a power What led you to the 1968 paper for These are important questions to ask when designing switch during opening and closing operations, shown metastable state (a resonance) which, magnetic power switches. Electromagnetics software can from left to right at 50, 100, and 200 ms. which you are most famous? after a characteristic lifetime, decays help you find the answers. In the mid-1960s we theorists were stuck into c+d. In the other process the pair a+c in trying to understand the strong inter- exchanges a virtual particle with the pair The COMSOL Multiphysics® software is used for simulating action. We had an example of a relativ- b+d. In QED these two processes have designs, devices, and processes in all fields of engineering, istic quantum theory that worked: QED, to be added because they correspond to manufacturing, and scientific research. See how you can the theory of interacting electrons and two distinct Feynman diagrams, while, apply it to designing magnetic power switches. -
Sergio Fubini, Who Was on the MIT Physics Faculty from 1967-1973, Died in Geneva, Switzerland on 6 January 2005 at the Age of 76
Sergio Fubini, who was on the MIT physics faculty from 1967-1973, died in Geneva, Switzerland on 6 January 2005 at the age of 76. Fubini was an eminent physicist, with roots at the University of Turin, Italy, where he held a professorship while also working at MIT, and afterwards at CERN as a member of the directorate. During his years at MIT Fubini, together with his colleague and compatriot Gabriele Veneziano, founded and developed the physical and mathematical principles of string theory, which today is the most active area of investigation in fundamental physics. Veneziano and Fubini formed a research center at MIT, to which were attracted physicists from many countries, especially from Italy. This tradition survived Fubini's departure, and these days is maintained by an exchange program administered and funded by the Italian Nuclear Physics Institute and by MIT. After retiring from CERN, Fubini used his international standing in physics to promote peace in the Middle East. To this end, he organized in 1995 a very successful meeting in Dahab, Egypt, which brought together Arab, Israeli and Western physicists. Also he started a process that culminated in Germany donating an electron-synchotron to the Middle East region, with the hope that it would bring people together, just as CERN did in post-World War II Europe. While one cannot say that these initiatives have as yet succeeded, they are vivid evidence for Fubini's scientific activity, social conscience and humane values. He was recognized by the Heineman Prize, by an honorary degree of Heidelberg University and by a medal from the Italian Government. -
Giuliano Preparata Preparata Giuliano Dai Quark Dai Breve Storia Breve Storia Dentro La Materia Di U Lungo Viaggio Di U Lungo Ai Cristalli Ai Cristalli
Giuliano Preparata Dai quark Breve storia dentro la materia di u lungo viaggio ai cristalli Bollati B oringhieri S cienze `i Giuliano Preparata Dai quark ai cristalli Breve storia di un lungo viaggio dentro la materia Bollati Boringhieri Prima edizione giugno zoo2 Indice © 2002 Bollati Boringhieri editore s.r.i., Torino, corso Vittorio Emanuele II, 86 I diritti di memorizzazione elettronica, di riproduzione e di adattamento totale o parziale con qualsiasi mezzo (compresi i microfilm e le copie fotostatiche) sono riservati Stampato in Italia dalla Stampatre di Torino ISBN 88-339-1392-9 Schema grafico della copertina di Pietro Palladino e Giulio Palmieri Stampato su carta Palatina delle Cartiere Miliani Fabriano vrr Prefazione di G. Boaretto, E. Del Giudice, G. Galli e C. Medail Dai quark ai cristalli 3 o. Perché questo libro? S 1. Farò il fisico 10 2. Lo spin dei bosoni 23 3. Quark ad Arcetri 43 4. Princeton e dintorni 64 5. Il cono di luce 81 6. Ma che cosa sono i quark? 95 7. You are old, Father Feynman 110 8. Il vuoto è tutto 128 9. Ricostruire la materia 138 I o. Sorella acqua 150 z z . Il sole in provetta 168 I 2. Materia super VI INDICE 18o 13. Magie della coerenza Prefazione 196 14. Ritorno ai principi 209 15. Un ponte verso la biologia 217 Elenco delle abbreviazioni 221 Appendice Bibliografia degli scritti di Giuliano Preparata 245 Indice dei nomi Questo è un libro inconsueto. È il libro in cui un fisico teorico, Giuliano Preparata, scomparso prematuramente due anni fa, rac- conta il suo percorso nella scienza fisica, partendo dagli studi della giovinezza, quando fu uno dei maggiori protagonisti della costru- zione del modello standard delle interazioni subnucleari, per arriva- re alle tematiche della dinamica della vita e dell'emergenza di una psiche dalla vita biomolecolare. -
Physics in the Cern Theory Division
CERN LIBRARIES, GENEY A CHS-39 December 1993 1111/lll llllll II llllllll Ill lllll lllll lllll lllll lllll 11111111111111 llll CM-P00043026 STUDIES IN CERN HISTORY PHYSICS IN THE CERN THEORY DIVISION John ILIOPOULOS GENEVA 1993 The Study of CERN History is a project financed by institutions in several CERN Member States. This report presents preliminary findings, and is intended for incorporation into a more comprehensive study of CERN's history. It is distributed primarily to historians and sci entists to provoke discussion, and NO PART OF IT SHOULD BE CITED OR REPRO DUCED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE AUTHOR. Comments and criticism are welcome, and should be sent to the author at Ecole Normale Superieure 24 rue Lhomond F-75231 Paris Cedex 05. Copyright History of CERN Project, Geneva, 1993 Physics in the CERN Theory Division John ILIOPOULOS GENEVA 1993 Physics in the CERN Theory Division J. Iliopoulos Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Birth of the Group 3 3. The Copenhagen years 3 4. Moving to Geneva 13 5. CERN, the Center of Europe 18 6. The rise of the Standard Model 31 7. Beyond the Standard Model 35 8. Conclusions 46 References 48 1 Physics in the CERN Theory Division 1. Introduction This chapter has not been written by a historian. In fact, my respect and my sympathy for historians have considerably increased in the course of this work; so has also my determination never to become one. I fully enjoyed the long hours I spent in the CERN archives reading old documents and manuscript notes, as well as the discussions I had with some of my senior colleagues, but even now, I cannot say that I really know what happened. -
Joy of Discovery Great Encounters Along the Way the Joy of Discovery Great Encounters Along the Way
The Joy of Discovery Great Encounters Along the Way The Joy of Discovery Great Encounters Along the Way Walter Thirring University of Vienna, Austria & CERN, Switzerland World Scientific NEW JERSEY • LONDON • SINGAPORE • BEIJING • SHANGHAI • HONG KONG • TAIPEI • CHENNAI Published by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. 5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224 USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601 UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This English edition is a translated version of the German edition Lust am Forschen. Lebensweg und Begegnungen. Copyright © 2008 Seifert Verlag GmbH, Wien. THE JOY OF DISCOVERY Great Encounters along the Way Copyright © 2011 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher. For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to photocopy is not required from the publisher. ISBN-13 978-981-4322-96-6 ISBN-10 981-4322-96-2 Typeset by Stallion Press Email: [email protected] Printed in Singapore. Alvin - The Joy of Discovery.pmd 1 -
Gabriele Veneziano: a Concise Scientific Biography and an Interview
Gabriele Veneziano: A Concise Scientific Biography and an Interview M. Gasperini1 and J. Maharana2 1 Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Bari, Via G. Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy [email protected] 2 Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar University, 751005 India [email protected] Abstract. The aim of these notes is to present a broad brush profile of the scien- tific activity of Gabriele Veneziano, whose wide spectrum of interests and variety of contributions to fundamental theoretical physics is also reflected by the articles of his collaborators and friends in this book. We thank Gabriele for his kind help in preparing these notes, and for disclosing to us some aspects of his life that we were not aware of. The responsibility of any omission and imprecision will rest on the authors, of course, and we apologize in advance for the (unavoidable) incomplete- ness of Sect. 1, warning the reader that a full survey of all of Gabriele’s activities is outside the scope of this introduction. Finally, we thank Gabriele for his patience in answering our questions that made possible the interview reported in Sect. 3 where, starting from the evocation of his past experience, he illustrates his personal point of view on the present status of fundamental physics, and his expectations for the future. 1 Biographical Notes Gabriele Veneziano was born on September 7, 1942 in Florence (Italy). After completing his high-school studies (at the Liceo Scientifico “Leonardo da Vinci,” Florence) he entered the University of Florence in 1960, where he started studying physics.