Development of the Railway Infrastructure in Northern Norway

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Development of the Railway Infrastructure in Northern Norway Development of the railway infrastructure in Northern Norway Thor Braekkan Director Northern Region Infrastructure Bane NOR Development of the railway infrastructure in northern Norway Director Thor Brækkan Infrastructure Northern Region Kiruna February 18 Bane NOR – a state enterprise 1.1.2020 217 Our mission • Bane NOR's mission is to ensure accessible railway infrastructure and efficient and user-friendly services, including the development of hubs and goods terminals − Planning, development, administration, operation and maintenance of the national railway network − Traffic management and administration and development of railway property − Operational coordination responsibility for safety work − Operational responsibility for the coordination of emergency preparedness and crisis management 218 Revenue Bane NOR 21 billion NOK 3,5 billion NOK 0,8 billion NOK 0,5 billion NOK 0,8 billion NOK Other revenues 219 Narvik Kiruna Rail Network Northern Norway Bodø The national rail network: • 4.200 km • 290 km double track Steinkjer • 65 % electrified. Trondheim Øresund Åndalsnes Røros Tynset Northern Norway: Hjerkinn Dombås • The Nordland line Trondheim-Bodø Lillehammer Gjøvik Elverum 729 km (415 km northern Norway), not electrified Roa Eidsvoll Bergen Hønefoss Kongsvinger OsloS Drammen Lillestrøm • The Ofoten line Narvik – Riksgrensen Stockholm Nordagutu Skien 42 km, electrified Stavanger Neslandsvatn Halden Gøteborg 220 Kristiansand Increased capacity – more and longer passing loops NTP 2014-2023 Extension – Djupvik plans in progressNew – Opened 2017 Extended 2010 Extended 2014 Extended 2015 Extended 2002 Freight Traffic from south to north Norway through Sweden ARE – Arctic Rail Express: • Started 1993 • 1900 km - 27 hours • 11 trains each direction/week NRE – DB Schenker North Rail Express: • Started 2011 • 1900 km - 27 hours • 6 trains each direction/week Goods – northbound direction: Groceries, medicines, electronics, cars Goods – southbound direction: Fresh fish – from fish farms and wild fish 222 National Transport Plan 2018-2029 First period 2018-2022: • Narvik – extension passing loops (2022 – postponed to 2024?). • Narvikterminalen – Increased capacity freight (2022). • Test run 32,5 tons axel load (2019-2020). Permanent from 2021? • National Transport Plan 2022-2033: • ERTMS (2027) • Double track – first section? • Narvikterminalen – next step increased capacity 223 Double track will be needed – but when? First section of the double track will be Katterat-Swedish border. Provide for 40 tons axle load in the future 224 Narvikterminalen – Freight and Iron Ore Terminal • 36 freight train and 28 Iron Ore train per week. • Congested period 21:00 p.m – 02:00 a.m. • Increased capacity; from 75.000 to >100.000 TEU. • Finished 2022/23. 225 The Nordland line - Traffic Steinkjer-Bodø Freight – inter modal (50.000 TEU) Passenger - Long distance (476.000 pax) Passenger - Region Passenger –Commuter (117.000 pax) Freight – Iron Ore (4.5 mill tons) Freight terminals: Mosjøen Mo i Rana Fauske Bodø 226 The Nordland line - Challenges • Landslides, rock-fall and floods. • Backlog renewals. • Manual traffic management Mosjøen-Bodø. • Few and short passing loops Mo i Rana-Bodø. • Insufficient capacity Fauske Freight terminal. 227 Projects 2020-2022 • Extension passing loops Mo i Rana, Dunderland, Fauske and Bodø + Røkland. • Fauske Freight Terminal – Increased capacity. • ERTMS (Grong) - Mosjøen-Bodø – increased safety, capacity and flexibility 1400 1200 Dagens lengde Forlengelse 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Mo i Rana Skonseng Dunderland Bolna Lønsdal Røkland Rognan Fauske Oteråga Bodø 228 North Norway Railway Line • Updatet study in 2019. • Fauske-Narvik-Tromsø 375 km. • Investment >100 Billion. • Benefit/cost – unprofitable New study for the entire transport system in 2020. 229 Thank You for Your Attention! 230.
Recommended publications
  • Possible Solutions for Zero Emission Railways. Case Study
    Possible Solutions For Zero Emission Railways MOZEES Workshop - 22nd – 23rd October: CIENS, Oslo – Forum Dag Aarsland, Senior Advisor Possible Solutions for Zero Emission Railways MANDAT Forprosjekt NULLFIB- NULLutslippsløsninger For Ikke-elektrifiserte Baner Non-electrified lines • 1395 km (approx. 1/3rd) of total 4150 km is non- electrified. • Estimated cost for electrification for Nordlandsbanen would be = 1- 1,3 Billion €. Other lines (Meråker line and Trondheim- Stjørdal) will be electrified. • Diesel consumption for all lines per year is approx. 16 mill/litre • Fuel consumption for a Cargo-train for example, Trondheim-Bodø is approx. 8000 litres (roundtrip). Freight train passing mountain Saltfjellet on the Nordland line. Considering four alternatives Transition from fossil-based to zero-carbon for passenger-trains, freight-trains and on-track- machines. Study of: • Hydrogen • Biogas • Biodiesel • Battery Deadline for the feasibility study is end of 2019. Bodø, terminus of the Nordland line Hydrogen operation – assessment by the end of 2019 • The Norwegian Government Transport Committee has requested the Railway Directorate to investigate the possibility of a test project with hydrogen operation of railway vehicles. • The directorate shall before end of 2019 assess the cost and feasibility of a pilot project. Alstom hydrogen powered train Feasibility study of battery operation • Feasibility study of battery-operation for Nordlandsbanen (Trondheim – Bodø). • Length 728km, 162 tunnels, 256 bridges, challenging operation conditions. • Including the line from Rana mines to Mo I Rana. Snow clearing on tracks on the mountain Saltfjellet on the Nordland line Contributors Electrification Is it possible in a cost-effective way only to electrify sections of the line? Horisontal profile – Nordland line What do the train manufacturers think? Consepts for passenger train with locomotive and coaches.
    [Show full text]
  • Product Manual
    PRODUCT MANUAL The Sami of Finnmark. Photo: Terje Rakke/Nordic Life/visitnorway.com. Norwegian Travel Workshop 2014 Alta, 31 March-3 April Sorrisniva Igloo Hotel, Alta. Photo: Terje Rakke/Nordic Life AS/visitnorway.com INDEX - NORWEGIAN SUPPLIERS Stand Page ACTIVITY COMPANIES ARCTIC GUIDE SERVICE AS 40 9 ARCTIC WHALE TOURS 57 10 BARENTS-SAFARI - H.HATLE AS 21 14 NEW! DESTINASJON 71° NORD AS 13 34 FLÅM GUIDESERVICE AS - FJORDSAFARI 200 65 NEW! GAPAHUKEN DRIFT AS 23 70 GEIRANGER FJORDSERVICE AS 239 73 NEW! GLØD EXPLORER AS 7 75 NEW! HOLMEN HUSKY 8 87 JOSTEDALSBREEN & STRYN ADVENTURE 205-206 98 KIRKENES SNOWHOTEL AS 19-20 101 NEW! KONGSHUS JAKT OG FISKECAMP 11 104 LYNGSFJORD ADVENTURE 39 112 NORTHERN LIGHTS HUSKY 6 128 PASVIKTURIST AS 22 136 NEW! PÆSKATUN 4 138 SCAN ADVENTURE 38 149 NEW! SEIL NORGE AS (SAILNORWAY LTD.) 95 152 NEW! SEILAND HOUSE 5 153 SKISTAR NORGE 150 156 SORRISNIVA AS 9-10 160 NEW! STRANDA SKI RESORT 244 168 TROMSØ LAPLAND 73 177 NEW! TROMSØ SAFARI AS 48 178 TROMSØ VILLMARKSSENTER AS 75 179 TRYSILGUIDENE AS 152 180 TURGLEDER AS / ENGHOLM HUSKY 12 183 TYSFJORD TURISTSENTER AS 96 184 WHALESAFARI LTD 54 209 WILD NORWAY 161 211 ATTRACTIONS NEW! ALTA MUSEUM - WORLD HERITAGE ROCK ART 2 5 NEW! ATLANTERHAVSPARKEN 266 11 DALSNIBBA VIEWPOINT 1,500 M.A.S.L 240 32 DESTINATION BRIKSDAL 210 39 FLØIBANEN AS 224 64 FLÅMSBANA - THE FLÅM RAILWAY 229-230 67 HARDANGERVIDDA NATURE CENTRE EIDFJORD 212 82 I Stand Page HURTIGRUTEN 27-28 96 LOFOTR VIKING MUSEUM 64 110 MAIHAUGEN/NORWEGIAN OLYMPIC MUSEUM 190 113 NATIONAL PILGRIM CENTRE 163 120 NEW! NORDKAPPHALLEN 15 123 NORWEGIAN FJORD CENTRE 242 126 NEW! NORSK FOLKEMUSEUM 140 127 NORWEGIAN GLACIER MUSEUM 204 131 STIFTELSEN ALNES FYR 265 164 CARRIERS ACP RAIL INTERNATIONAL 251 2 ARCTIC BUSS LOFOTEN 56 8 AVIS RENT A CAR 103 13 BUSSRING AS 47 24 COLOR LINE 107-108 28 COMINOR AS 29 29 FJORD LINE AS 263-264 59 FJORD1 AS 262 62 NEW! H.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Not for Release, Publication Or Distribution, in Whole Or in Part
    NOT FOR RELEASE, PUBLICATION OR DISTRIBUTION, IN WHOLE OR IN PART DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, IN AUSTRALIA, CANADA, JAPAN, HONG KONG OR THE UNITED STATES OR ANY OTHER JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE RELEASE, PUBLICATION OR DISTRIBUTION WOULD BE UNLAWFUL. THIS ANNOUNCEMENT DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER OF ANY OF THE SECURITIES DESCRIBED HEREIN. Rana Gruber AS: Contemplated secondary sale and listing on Euronext Growth Oslo Mo i Rana, 11 February 2021. Rana Gruber AS (“Rana Gruber” or the “Company”), one of the largest mining and iron ore beneficiation companies in Norway, has engaged Clarksons Platou Securities AS, DNB Markets, a part of DNB Bank ASA, and SpareBank 1 Markets AS (the “Managers”) to advise on and effect a contemplated secondary sale of up to NOK 925 million in existing shares in the Company (the “Offering”). "We have a leading position with more than 200 years of mining experience, a vast resource base and ambitions to become the first CO2-free iron ore producer by 2025. I’m proud of all my colleagues and the job we are doing every day, providing customers in various industries with iron ore for use in cars, buildings, and other consumer goods. A listing of the shares will enhance access to a diverse capital base, while at the same time maintaining a strong backbone of northern Norwegian capital with LNS Mining as the main owner," says Gunnar Moe, CEO of Rana Gruber. "The planned listing on Euronext Growth Oslo will create an opportunity for new investors to take part in Rana Gruber’s development and value creation together with existing owners.
    [Show full text]
  • Joint Barents Transport Plan Proposals for Development of Transport Corridors for Further Studies
    Joint Barents Transport Plan Proposals for development of transport corridors for further studies September 2013 Front page photos: Kjetil Iversen, Rune N. Larsen and Sindre Skrede/NRK Table of Contents Table Summary 7 1 Introduction 12 1.1 Background 12 1.2 Objectives and members of the Expert Group 13 1.3 Mandate and tasks 14 1.4 Scope 14 1.5 Methodology 2 Transport objectives 15 2.1 National objectives 15 2.2 Expert Group’s objective 16 3 Key studies, work and projects of strategic importance 17 3.1 Multilateral agreements and forums for cooperation 17 3.2 Multilateral projects 18 3.4 National plans and studies 21 4 Barents Region – demography, climate and main industries 23 4.1 Area and population 23 4.2 Climate and environment 24 4.3 Overview of resources and key industries 25 4.4 Ores and minerals 25 4.5 Metal industry 27 4.6 Seafood industry 28 4.7 Forest industry 30 4.8 Petroleum industry 32 4.9 Tourism industry 35 4.10 Overall transport flows 37 4.11 Transport hubs 38 5 Main border-crossing corridors in the Barents Region 40 5.1 Corridor: “The Bothnian Corridor”: Oulu – Haparanda/Tornio - Umeå 44 5.2 Corridor: Luleå – Narvik 49 5.3 Corridor: Vorkuta – Syktyvkar – Kotlas – Arkhangelsk - Vartius – Oulu 54 5.4 Corridor: “The Northern Maritime Corridor”: Arkhangelsk – Murmansk – The European Cont. 57 5.5 Corridor: “The Motorway of the Baltic Sea”: Luleå/Kemi/Oulu – The European Continent 65 5.6 Corridor: Petrozavodsk – Murmansk – Kirkenes 68 5.7 Corridor: Kemi – Salla – Kandalaksha 72 5.8 Corridor: Kemi – Rovaniemi – Kirkenes 76
    [Show full text]
  • Representing the SPANISH RAILWAY INDUSTRY
    Mafex corporate magazine Spanish Railway Association Issue 20. September 2019 MAFEX Anniversary years representing the SPANISH RAILWAY INDUSTRY SPECIAL INNOVATION DESTINATION Special feature on the Mafex 7th Mafex will spearhead the European Nordic countries invest in railway International Railway Convention. Project entitled H2020 RailActivation. innovation. IN DEPT MAFEX ◗ Table of Contents MAFEX 15TH ANNIVERSARY / EDITORIAL Mafex reaches 15 years of intense 05 activity as a benchmark association for an innovative, cutting-edge industry 06 / MAFEX INFORMS with an increasingly marked presence ANNUAL PARTNERS’ MEETING: throughout the world. MAFEX EXPANDS THE NUMBER OF ASSOCIATES AND BOLSTERS ITS BALANCE APPRAISAL OF THE 7TH ACTIVITIES FOR 2019 INTERNATIONAL RAILWAY CONVENTION The Association informed the Annual Once again, the industry welcomed this Partners’ Meeting of the progress made biennial event in a very positive manner in the previous year, the incorporation which brought together delegates from 30 of new companies and the evolution of countries and more than 120 senior official activities for the 2019-2020 timeframe. from Spanish companies and bodies. MEMBERS NEWS MAFEX UNVEILS THE 26 / RAILACTIVACTION PROJECT The RailActivation project was unveiled at the Kick-Off Meeting of the 38 / DESTINATION European Commission. SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES Denmark, Norway and Sweden have MAFEX PARTICIPTES IN THE investment plans underway to modernise ENTREPRENEURIAL ENCOUNTER the railway network and digitise services. With the Minister of Infrastructure The three countries advance towards an Development of the United Arab innovative transport model. Emirates, Abdullah Belhaif Alnuami held in the office of CEOE. 61 / INTERVIEW Jan Schneider-Tilli, AGREEMENT BETWEEN BCIE AND Programme Director of Banedanmark. MAFEX To promote and support internationalisation in the Spanish railway sector.
    [Show full text]
  • Railway Standard
    Railway standard Possible extension of the ScanMed Corridor from the Mälardalen Task 5.3 Catching the goods transport from the northern areas to CNCs’ Responsible partner: Region Örebro County Version: Final draft, 2017-12-14 Lead Partner Content List of figures ........................................................................................................................................ 3 List of tables ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................................... 5 1. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 6 2. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 7 2.1 TENTacle ................................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 Present situation .................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Objectives ............................................................................................................................ 10 2.4 Purpose ...............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Iceland, Norway & Faroes
    Port Handbook Chapter A - The Baltic Chapter B - United Kingdom & Ireland Chapter C - Atlantic Europe Chapter D - Iceland, Norway & Faroes Chapter E - Associated Members Copyright 2021 Cruise Europe Word of the chairman Matching cruise industry growth and cruise port capacities Cruise Europe and its more than 100 member ports between Gibraltar in the South, Kirkenes in the North and Lulea in the Baltic still has the potential for growth. Only 75% of the potential cruise ports along the Atlantic coast are members; also one has to include the potential of the cruise ports in Greenland and the area east of the North Cape. The tourist organisations of the ports, the regions, the countries can help as members to make Cruise Europe stronger in marketing the destination Northern Europe to the cruise lines. The aim for Cruise Europe is to match the ongoing growth of the cruise industry in offering better infrastructure in the member ports, which means more cruise terminals, or to point out the diversity of the many destinations and attractions in Northern Europe. Cruise Europe has to open a dialogue with the cruise lines with the intention to spread the growing number of cruise ships and the even bigger cruise passenger capacities over more ports, over more cruise areas, over more countries. The success of the Baltic is also possible in the areas of West Europe, of UK & Ireland and of Norway and Iceland. Cruise lines have to be convinced that all four cruise areas in Northern Europe have equal attractions and many Captain Michael McCarthy good ports to host the growing cruise fleet.
    [Show full text]
  • Sommerfeltia 20 G
    DOI: 10.2478/som-1993-0006 sommerfeltia 20 G. Mathiassen Corticolous and lignicolous Pyrenomycetes s.lat. (Ascomycetes) on Salixalong a mid-Scandinavian transect 1993 sommerf~ is owned and edited by the Botanical Garden and Museum, University of Oslo. SOMMERFELTIA is named in honour of the eminent Norwegian botanist and clergyman S0ren Christian Sommerfelt (1794-1838). The generic name Sommerfeltia has been used in (1) the lichens by Florke 1827, now Solorina, (2) Fabaceae by Schumacher 1827, now Drepanocarpus, and (3) Asteraceae by Lessing 1832, nom. cons. SOMMERFELTIA is a series of monographs in plant taxonomy, phytogeography, phyto­ sociology, plant ecology, plant morphology, and evolutionary botany. Most papers are by Norwegian authors. Authors not on the staff of the Botanical Garden and Museum in Oslo pay a page charge of NOK 30. SOMMERFEL TIA appears at irregular intervals, normally one article per volume. Editor: Rune Halvorsen 0kland. Editorial Board: Scientific staff of the Botanical Garden and Museum. Address: SOMMERFELTIA, Botanical Garden and Museum, University of Oslo, Trond­ heimsveien 23B, N-0562 Oslo 5, Norway. Order: On a standing order (payment on receipt of each volume) SOMMERFELTIA is supplied at 30 % discount. Separate volumes are supplied at prices given on pages inserted at the end of the volume. sommerfeltia 20 G. Mathiassen Corticolous and lignicolous Pyrenomycetes s.lat. (Ascomycetes) on Sa/ix along a mid-Scandinavian transect 1993 This thesis is dedicated to Lennart Holm, Ola Skifte and Finn-Egil Eckblad, three septuagenerian, Nordic mycologists, who have all contributed significantly to its completion. ISBN 82-7420-022-5 ISSN 0800-6865 Mathiassen G.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2004
    Annual Report 2004 1 Contents Time for trains 3 What is Jernbaneverket? 4 Organisational structure 5 Safety 6 Finance and efficiency 10 Operations 10 Maintenance 11 Capital expenditure – rail network development 12 State Accounts for 2004 14 Human resources 16 Personnel and working environment 16 JBV Ressurs 16 Competitiveness 18 Train companies operating on the national rail network 18 Infrastructure capacity – Jernbaneverket’s core product 18 Operating parameters 19 Key figures for the national rail network 21 Traffic volumes on the national rail network 23 Punctuality 24 Environmental protection 26 International activities 28 Contact details 30 www.jernbaneverket.no 2 Cover: Jernbaneverket’s celebrations to mark 150 years of Norwegian railways. Photo: Øystein Grue Time for trains The past year marked the 150th anniversary of the railways in Norway and proved a worthy celebration. Punctuality has never been better, rail traffic is growing, and in summer 2004 the Norwegian Parliament took the historic decision to invest NOK 26.4 billion in developing a competitive rail network over the ten years from 2006 to 2015. In other words, the anniversary year not only provided the opportunity for a nostalgic look back, but also confirmed that the railways will continue to play a central role in the years ahead. In line with Parliament’s decision, value our good working relationship with autumn 2005. This brings us one step clo- Jernbaneverket has drawn up an action the trade unions. The railway has a culture ser to our goal of an efficient, modern rail programme which, if implemented, will and a historic legacy which need to be network in the Oslo region.
    [Show full text]
  • Jernbaneverket
    On track in 2008 A brief look at the activities of Jernbaneverket Director General Elisabeth Enger is preparing for record railway investments and recruiting more and more young people to Jernbaneverket, the Norwegian National Rail Administration ALL ABoard! 155 years of Norwegian Contents railway history All aboard! 155 years of Norwegian railway history 2 1854 Norway’s first railway line opens, linking Kristiania As Jernbaneverket’s new Director General, I see a high level of commitment to Key figures 2 (now Oslo) with Eidsvoll. the railways – both among our employees and others. Many people would like 1890-1910 Railway lines totalling 1 419 km are built in Norway. All aboard! 3 to see increased investment in the railway, which is why the strong political will 1909 The Bergen line is completed at a cost equivalent to This is Jernbaneverket 4 the entire national budget. to achieve a more robust railway system is both gratifying and inspirational. 2008 in brief 6 1938 The Sørland line to Kristiansand opens. Increased demand for both passenger and freight transport is extremely positive Working for Jernbaneverket 8 1940-1945 The German occupation forces take control of NSB, because it is happening despite the fact that we have been unable to offer our Norwegian State Railways. Restrictions on fuel Construction 14 loyal customers the product they deserve. Higher funding levels are now providing consumption give the railway a near-monopoly on Secure wireless communication 18 transport. The railway network is extended by grounds for new optimism and – slowly but surely – we will improve quality, cut Think green – think train 20 450 km using prisoners of war as forced labour.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrogen and Batteries for Propulsion of Freight Trains in Norway
    Hydrogen and Baeries for Propulsion of Freight Trains in Norway Federico Zenith Steffen Møller-Holst Magnus Thomassen Birmingham, July 4–5, 2016 Outline Non-Electrified Railways in Norway Alternaves for Electrificaon Techno-Economical Analysis 1 Outline Non-Electrified Railways in Norway Alternaves for Electrificaon Techno-Economical Analysis 2 Norwegian Railway Network Focus on non-electrified lines (in red) • Røros and Solør lines (381 km, 94 km) – Catenary officially proposed – “Backup” for Dovre line • Rauma line (111 km) – Scenic line for tourists – Catenary not desirable • Nordland line, 731 km – To be partly electrified (130 km) – Up to 19 ‰ slope • Policians: “Please electrify everything” • Railway authority asked SINTEF 3 Freight on Nordland line Alternaves for Railway Electrificaon in Norway As considered in SINTEF’s study • Alternaves considered: – Biofuels – Natural gas – Hydrogen – Baeries – Diesel – Catenary – Hybrids • Evaluaon criteria – Environment – Technology readiness – Regulatory framework – Economy – Flexibility & robustness 4 Alternaves for Railway Electrificaon in Norway As considered in SINTEF’s study • Alternaves considered: – Biofuels – Natural gas – Hydrogen – Baeries – Diesel – Catenary – Hybrids • Evaluaon criteria – Environment – Technology readiness – Regulatory framework – Economy – Flexibility & robustness Freight on Nordland line 4 • Crosses polar circle • Strong winds (few or no trees) • Ice formaon on infrastructure 10-hour cab rides on Youtube (“Nordlandsbanen minu for minu”) The Nordland Line • Single-track
    [Show full text]
  • Statkraft På Helgeland
    Statkraft på Helgeland Dokumentasjon av samfunnsnytte av Frode Kjærland Gisle Solvoll Senter for Innovasjon og Bedriftsøkonomi (SIB AS) SIB-notat 1002/2008 Statkraft på Helgeland Dokumentasjon av samfunnsnytte av Frode Kjærland Gisle Solvoll Handelshøgskolen i Bodø Senter for Innovasjon og Bedriftsøkonomi (SIB AS) [email protected] [email protected] Tlf. +47 75 51 78 56 Tlf. +47 75 51 76 32 Fax. +47 75 51 72 68 Utgivelsesår: 2008 ISSN 1890-3576 FORORD Denne rapporten er skrevet på oppdrag for Statkraft. Arbeidet er utført i perioden februar – mai 2008. Rapporten er skrevet av stipendiat Frode Kjærland og forskningsleder Gisle Solvoll, med sistnevnte som prosjektleder. Kontaktperson hos Statkraft har vært informasjonssjef Bjørnar Olsen. Vi vil rette en takk til Rolf Ivar Normann, Sølvi Pettersen og Ketil Levang hos Statkraft for å ha fremskaffet mye av det datamaterialet som har vært nødvendig for gjennomføringen av dette prosjektet. Bodø, mai 2008. 1 INNHOLD FORORD ............................................................................................................................................................... 1 INNHOLD ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 SAMMENDRAG................................................................................................................................................... 3 1. INNLEDNING.............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]