(Brazilian Expeditionary(Brazilian Force) inItaly, 1944 to 1945 Forca  Expedicionaria Brasileira By Ken Camel, Jonathan Forsey, andWayne Turner BRA S IL

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French Expeditionary Corps BRASIL The Cobra is Smokin’ BRASIL

The Brazilian 1st Expeditionary Infantry Division (1st DIE, for Divisão de Infantaria Expedicionária) in WWII. One of the lesser known contributors to the allied cause, the started in early 1943 with the goal of fielding three Infantry Brazilian Division fought in Italy in the 1944-45 period. Divisions to be deployed in three echelons. However, the sheer size of the task in recruiting, training, The equipping, and shipping, with a lack of sea transport, Brazil sent observers to the French Army in World War I ultimately resulted the FEB being one Infantry Division subsequently establishing a French Military Mission to assist st the Brazilian Army modernize towards the French model. (Divisão de Infantaria Expedicionária, or 1 DIE for The mission was terminated in 1939 with the start of the short), under General Mascarenhas de Moraes, and a fighter war. squadron of 25,334 men. Though small by most Allied country standards it represented a major effort for Brazil. The between war years saw the politics of Brazil move economically towards both the and Germany. The Division comprised the following Infantry Regiments: Getulio Vargas came to power with the backing of the Army • 1st Infantry Regiment (Sampaio) from the area of Rio de in 1929. As a dictator, Vargas was sympathetic to the economic Janeiro woes of Germany and during the thirties commerce between Brazil and the new Nazi regime quadrupled. • 6th Infantry Regiment (Ipiranga) from the area of São The war’s outbreak saw Brazil torn between its more traditional Paulo economic ties to the US and its new found friend in Nazi • 11th Infantry Regiment (Tiradentes) from the area of Minas Germany. It was not until the Germans declared an economic Gerais blockade against the North and South American countries that Brazilian sympathies turned towards the Allies. Each Regiment had 3 , numbered I to III with consecutively numbered companies for a total of 12 per Brazil Enters the War Regiment with the heavy weapons companies comprising the When the Japanese attacked the US and Germany followed 4th, 8th and 12th. with its declaration of war, the Germans began to attack Each Regiment formed its own Regimental Combat Team Brazilian merchant ships along the Brazilian coast. This (RCT) comprising an Infantry Regiment, a of together with diplomatic agreements moved Brazil towards towed 105mm Howitzers and an Engineer company from the Allied camp. the 9th Engineer Battalion. The Sampiao Regiment had the With the early Axis victories in France and North Africa, the 2nd Artillery and 3rd Engineers, the Ipiranga the 3rd Artillery Brazilian bulge became a strategic concern of the US. Naval and 2nd Engineers and the Tiradentes the 1st Artillery and agreements with the US and Brazilian inclusion in Lend- 1st Engineers. Lease further solidified Brazilian inclusion within the Allied In addition, the Division had at its disposal the 4th Artillery circle. comprising towed 155mm Howitzers and the Divisional The Brazilian declaration of war was preceded by a political- Reconnaissance Squadron. The US 751st Tank Battalion military agreement with the US on 23 May 1942. The (Sherman and Stuart tanks) and 894th Tank Destroyer agreement established the employment of Brazilian troops in Battalion (M10 tank destroyers) were placed under command war operations outside of South America. The US promised of the 1st DIE from time to time, creating a combined arms naval support for Brazilian coastline defence and provided aid force. for the arming and equipping of the Forca Expedicionaria Brasileira (FEB, Brazilian Expeditionary Force). FEB in Italy The first echelon of Brazilian troops arrived in Italy totally Forca Expedicionaria Brasileira unequipped on 16 July 1944. They spent the next two The FEB was organized as a standard American infantry months equipping and training finally entering combat on division, complete in all aspects, down to its logistics tail, 15 September. Units of the Division were initially involved in including postal and banking services. Its manoeuvre units reconnaissance and clearing operations in Tuscany, Massarossa, included the 1st, 6th and 11th Regimental Combat Teams Bozzano, Camaiore, Monte Prano and others. (RCT), each of about 5,000 men in three battalions plus For the next 45 days the Brazilian first echelon, which supporting units. Each battalion consisted of four companies included the 6th Infantry Regiment, parts of the 11th Infantry each. Regiment, one company of engineers, and a platoon from the Made up of regional regiments equipped with German small Reconnaissance Squadron, penetrated forty kilometres into arms and French artillery, the FEB had to be totally the Serchio valley. The th6 Regiment then fought against reorganized, expanded from 66,000 to 150,000 men and re- German positions in the vicinity of Castelnuovo di equipped and trained in the American model. Mobilisation Garfagnana. There they succeeded in surprising and routing units of the German-trained Italian fascist army (elements of the ‘Monterosa’ Division of the Esercito Nazionale BRASIL 2 Italy, thePracinhas diggers. becameexpert under heavyfire onthe Gothic Linedefencesinthe rocky hillsof ‘written whileinsidethefoxholes’ were published.Advancing sectioninthetroop newspaper,literary where poemsandchronicles memories oftheveterans. Foxhole Poets wasthenameof of laying in trenches andfoxholes is a commonthemeinthe The Brazilians dug-inquiteoften,somuchthattheexperience F Instead theyusethefollowing specialrules: exceptrulebook for Truscott Trot and Automatic Rifles. onpages236to240orthe normal USspecialrules A Brazillian Italy. additional trainingintheUSpriortobeingdeployed to experience. Some were luckyenoughtohave had officers few available were quickly promoted above their year. Thisexpansionleftlittletimefortrainingandthe the The Brazilian Army went from a regional militiaforce to oxhole Brazilian platoonsmayre-roll failed Skill Tests toDigIn. Forca expeditionáriaBrasiliera (FEB)inalittleover a BRASI L P oets Companhia de Infantaria Brazilian SpecialRules uses all of the BRA S spirits up. spirits up. officers who would add what they could to keep the men’s fighting Essential totheirmoralewastheconstantpresence ofhigh-ranking Brazilianalone, theyfoughtwithanew-found pride. became theirmottoandwhenBrazilian troops were cornered and Once the FEB was formed and shipped to Italy the for whentheywouldgotowar. Fumou’ theCobraSmokes’, or‘When became theeuphemism thoughts offieldingan Expeditionary Force the‘EACobra While Brazilian psyche centred withlittle onKarnival “E was pulledfrom thelineandreunited withthe2 148. Infanteriedivision. By theendofOctober thefirstechelon back by a counterattackby nearby elementsoftheGerman Repubblicano (National Republican Army), only tobebeaten and Monte Belvedere. Following theseoperations,the1 they were pittedagainstGerman positionsonMonte Castello alongside Task Force 45 and Gardiner Force of the US Army, subzero temperatures (withmennotusedtosnow) where In November 1944,theDivision moved southofBologna,in together andreturned totheline. echelons from Brazil. By November theentire divisionwas fighting would be the day snakes started tosmoke). fighting wouldbethedaysnakesstarted comments sayingthatthedayBrazilians wouldjointhe smoking acigar(saidtohave stemmedfrom German represent andoftheirdivisionalpatch,asnake theircountry unfamiliar terrain,thoughatsomecost.They were proud to ofItaliangaining thetrust civiliansandcombatexperiencein highly trained10 quite welldivisions, but when performed paired with the taking heavycasualtieswhenteamedwithlower rated The Allied advances into the saw the Brazilians 1945. forthetownincluding thebloodystruggle ofMontese in in the offensive operations intotook the part Po Valley, Generally, the men of the 1 in Italy theFEBwasreturned toBrazil. had haltedtheiradvance inOctober. When hostilitiesended to theBrazilianssamedivisionthat atCollecchio,thevery in thesurrender oftheentire German 148. Infanteriedivision By April theFEBwasoperatingindependentlywhich resulted IL Command team. re-roll allMotivation Tests asthoughitwasaCompany When the2iCCommandRifleteamjoinsaplatoon,itmay A C o bra F th umo USMountain Division. u !” st DIE acquitted themselves well, Smoking Cobra nd BRASI and3 st L DIE rd

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French Expeditionary Corps BRASIL BRASIL Companhia de Infantaria Infantry Company

(Infantry Company)

HEADQUARTERS You must field one platoon from each box shaded black and may field one platoon from each box shaded grey. Your Company HQ must be from either the 6th Regiment (marked BRASIL ) or rest of the division (marked BRASIL ). All Combat, Weapons, and Regimental Support Platoons must be of the same type as Companhia de 5 your Company HQ. Support platoons may be of any type and may be different from the Company HQ.

HEADQUARTERS Infantaria HQ

SUPPORT PLATOONS

INFANTRY MACHINE-GUN ARMOUR ARTILLERY

5 6 11 Infantaria Platoon Infantaria Machine- 15 Field Artillery Battery gun Platoon US Tank Platoon COMBAT PLATOONS COMBAT INFANTRY PLATOONS WEAPONS MACHINE-GUN ARTILLERY ARMOUR

6 11 Infantaria Machine- Field Artillery Battery 5 gun Platoon Infantaria Platoon US Tank Destroyer 16 Platoon ARTILLERY ARTILLERY INFANTRY INFANTRY

7 11 Infantaria Mortar Field Artillery Battery Platoon 5 Infantaria Platoon 16 Field Artillery 11 US Rifle Platoon Battery (155mm) ANTI-TANK WEAPONS PLATOON INFANTRY ANTI-AIRCRAFT

Infantaria Anti-tank 7 Platoon 5 12 Infantaria Weapons 6 Infantaria Platoon Anti-aircraft Artillery Platoon Platoon INFANTRY Italian Partisan 14 Platoon AOP

Infantaria Ammunition 8 INFANTRY Allied Platoons & Pioneer Platoon 13 Air Observation Post Engineer Combat 12 US and Italian Platoons ANTI-TANK Platoon in your force are Allies AIRCRAFT and follow the Allies rules TRANSPORT Infantaria Anti-tank 7 on page 70 of the Platoon rulebook. 13 Air Support RECONNAISSANCE 14 Truck Section

Infantaria Intelligence 8 RECONNAISSANCE & Recon Platoon REGIMENTAL SUPPORT PLATOONS SUPPORT REGIMENTAL

ARTILLERY 10 Cavalry Recon Platoon

Infantaria Cannon 9 Platoon

BRASIL 4 which therest oftheplatoonscouldbreak through. assault platoontoforce agapintheenemydefencesthrough Brazilian companiessometimesuseda‘Pelotao deChoque’ or sweep theenemybefore you. hold nearlyanyposition.Keep theirnumbersupandyou will Supported withgoodtroops theBrazilians canadvance and A CompanhiadeInfantaria from the6 M the BEFisrated asConfidentConscript. A CompanhiadeInfantaria from theearly campaignsof Confident Trained. Regiment, and the rest of the BEF in 1945 is rated as Infantaria mayhave SMGteamsasyour assaultplatoon. Only one Infantaria Platoon in your Companhia de • O HQ Section with: P • • O H Bazooka teamseach Add: Company HQ 2 Rifle Squads 3 Rifle Squads latoon ead otivation ption ptions team. Rifle teamswithSMGfor+5pointsper Replace theCommandRifleteamanduptothree Add uptothree Sniper teamsfor+50pointsperteam. SMG teamsfor+5pointsperteam. Replace CommandRifleteamswith qu

arters

and S kill +15 100 140 25 BR BR points points points points A A S S IL IL C COMBAT PLATOONS th ompanhia Infantry +10 105 20 HEADQUARTERS I nf BRASI BRASI points points - points L L antaria

de BRA CONFIDENT BR RELUCTANT A I S FEARLESS IL P nf S IL 6 latoon antaria th I Company Command nf Rifle team antry Rifle team Rifle Squad Sargento Companhia deInfantaria HQ CONSCRIPT H R Rifle team VETERAN TRAINED egiment Rifle team Q Rifle team Infantaria platoon Rifle team Command Company HQ 2iC Command Rifle Squad Capitão Sargento Rifle team Tenente Capitão Tenente Rifle team BRASI L CONFIDENT RELUCTANT FEARLESS B razilian Bazooka Rifle team team Bazooka Rifle Squad Rifle team

Sargento E team Rifle team xpeditionary CONSCRIPT VETERAN TRAINED Rifle team Bazooka team F orce 5

French Expeditionary Corps Infantaria Weapons Platoon

Tenente Platoon Tenente HQ Section with

BRASIL Mortar Section and: BRASIL 2 Machine-gun Sections 120 points 90 points Command Jeep with Rifle team .50 cal AA MG 1 Machine-gun Section 90 points 70 points

Option Sargento Sargento • Add Jeep with .50 cal AA MG for +5 points.

M2 60mm mortar M1919 LMG Infantaria Weapons Platoons may make Combat Attachments to Combat Platoons. M2 60mm M2 60mm M1919 LMG mortar mortar machine-gun Brazilian weapons platoons are key to success in both offence Mortar Section Section and defence. The ability to provide cover fire is crucial to the Corporal company’s ability to accomplish their mission. The M2 60mm mortar is particularly adept at digging out M1919 LMG M1919 LMG enemy machine-gun and anti-tank nests to open the way for machine-gun both infantry and armour assaults. Section Infantaria Weapons platoon

WEAPONS PLATOONS

Infantaria Machine-gun Platoon

Tenente Platoon Tenente BRASIL HQ Section with: BRASIL

2 Machine-gun Sections 100 points 80 points Command Jeep with Rifle team .50 cal AA MG Options • Add Jeep with .50 cal AA MG for +5 points. • Add Jeeps with trailers for +5 points for the platoon. Sargento Sargento

M1917 HMG Jeep with trailer M1917 HMG Jeep with trailer Heavy machine-guns supported with bazookas marry high rates of fire with busting abilities. Attaching a machine-gun section to an infantry platoon in assault will M1917 HMG Jeep with trailer M1917 HMG Jeep with trailer increase their firepower immensely while adding to the anti- machine-gun machine-gun tank and bunker assault capability of the infantry platoon. Section Section Assaulting enemy defences is a team effort and these teams in Infantaria Machine-gun platoon support will ease that effort considerably. Infantaria Machine-gun Platoons may make Combat Attachments to Combat Platoons.

BRASIL 6 the rest. between cando and youyou mortars andthefortifications as well. is Keep your axisofattack sothatenemyinfantry from enemy fire generatedfrominfantry theirfortifications willmostprobably protect your infantry any supporting afullsmokebombardmentWhen facingfortifications, upon platoons. your assaulting infantry of smoke or bombardment provides maximum protection for Keeping anenemyheldinpositionundercoverfortifications. positionsand effectiveThey are againstenemyinfantry very inthefield. indirect aswell assmoketolightinfantry support bringsadditional A platoonofthelargerM181mmmortars still providing over-watch againstenemyarmourinthearea. while light weight enablesittokeepupwithyour infantry companyineitherdefenceorwhileadvancing. Itsinfantry your The M157mmanti-tankgunisbestusedtosupport O HQ Section with: P O HQ Section with: P • • • • 3 M157mm 2 Mortar Sections 3 Mortar Sections latoon latoon ptions ptions Add for+5pointstheplatoon. 1½-tontrucks Add Jeep with.50calAAMGfor+5points. Add Jeeps withtrailersfor+5pointstheplatoon. Add Jeep with.50calAAMGfor+5points. 120 70 85 BR BR points points points A A S S IL IL I nf I nf antaria 55 65 90 antaria BRASI BRASI points points points L L

A M

nti BRA ortar - S tank IL M1 81mm M1 81mm P M1 81mm mortar mortar P mortar Mortar Section latoon latoon Gun Section M1 57mmgun 1½-ton truck Sargento Sargento Infantaria Anti-tank platoon Infantaria Mortar platoon Jeep withtrailer Jeep withtrailer Jeep withtrailer M1 57mmgun Rifle team Command Rifle team Command Mortar Section Gun Section Sargento Sargento Tenente Tenente Tenente Tenente M1 81mm .50 calAAMG .50 calAAMG M1 81mm M1 81mm mortar 1½-ton truck Jeep with mortar mortar Jeep with Mortar Section Gun Section M1 57mmgun 1½-ton truck Sargento Sargento Jeep withtrailer Jeep withtrailer Jeep withtrailer 7

French Expeditionary Corps Infantaria Ammunition & Pioneer Platoon

Tenente Platoon Tenente BRASIL HQ Section with: BRASIL

3 A&P Squads 120 points 90 points Command Pioneer Bazooka Bazooka Pioneer Supply Rifle team team team 3/ -ton truck 2 A&P Squads 85 points 65 points 4

Options • Add Bazooka teams for +15 points per team. Corporal Corporal Corporal • Add Pioneer Supply truck for +25 points.

The pioneers are trained to both create and destroy Pioneer Rifle team Pioneer Rifle team Pioneer Rifle team fortifications. The work they do is important to keeping the advance moving. Pioneer Rifle team Pioneer Rifle team Pioneer Rifle team A&P Squad A&P Squad A&P Squad Infantaria Ammunition & Pioneer platoon

REGIMENTAL SUPPORT PLATOONS

Infantaria Intelligence & Recon Platoon

Tenente Platoon Tenente BRASIL HQ Section with: BRASIL

3 I&R Squads 105 points 90 points Command .50 cal Recon Jeep

An Infantaria Intelligence & Recon Platoon is a Sargento Sargento Sargento Reconnaissance Platoon.

Recon Jeep Recon Jeep Recon Jeep Dismounted I&R Squad I&R Squad I&R Squad Before deployment may you choose to dismount all of your jeeps. If you do this, all of the platoon’s vehicles are Infantaria Intelligence & Recon platoon permanently removed from the game. Replace each: Discovering the enemy’s positions and defences is the role of • Recon Jeep with a Rifle or M1919 LMG teams. the Intelligence & Recon Platoon. They probe the routes of advance looking out for hidden enemy. • .50 cal Recon Jeep with a Rifle or .50 cal MG team. Designate one of the teams as the Platoon Command team. The platoon remains a Reconnaissance Platoon.

BRASIL 8 through the defencesandontotheobjective. closeenoughto sweep battlefield. Theycanget yourinfantry completely oblivioustoyour infantry’s movement onthe A smokemissionfrom thisplatooncanalsokeeptheenemy cannon platoon.Lotsoffirepower closeathand. the then try having a tough time digging out enemy infantry brings big-gunfirepower tothoseinneed. areIf your mortars The M3105mmlighthowitzer oflightinfantry insupport • O HQ Section with: P 2 Gun Sections 3 Gun Sections latoon ption platoon. Add Jeeps for+5pointsthe and1½-tontrucks 105 155 BR A points points S IL I nf 120 80 antaria points points BRASI L C

BRA annon S IL P M3 105mmlighthowitzer M3 105mmlighthowitzer latoon M3 105mmlighthowitzer Gun Section Rifle team Command 1½-ton truck 1½-ton truck Tenente Infantaria Cannonplatoon 1½-ton truck Gun Section Jeep Capitão Capitão Tenente M3 105mmlighthowitzer Rifle team Observer M3 105mmlighthowitzer M3 105mmlighthowitzer 1½-ton truck Gun Section 1½-ton truck 1½-ton truck Tenente Jeep 9

French Expeditionary Corps BRASIL BRASIL Divisional Support

Motivation and Skill Divisional Support Newly trained, but inexperienced, the Brazilian soldiers of the Divisão de Infantaria RELUCTANT CONSCRIPT Expedicionária (1st Expeditionary Infantry Division) fought bravely gaining much experience during the Italian Campaign. Divisional Support Units are rated as Confident Trained, CONFIDENT TRAINED unless noted otherwise. FEARLESS VETERAN

Cavalry Recon Platoon

Tenente Platoon 3 Cavalry Recon Patrols 210 points Tenente 2 Cavalry Recon Patrols 140 points 1 Cavalry Recon Patrol 70 points Command Mortar Jeep Recon Jeep M8 Cavalry Recon Patrol

Cavalry Recon Patrols operate as separate platoons, each Sargento with their own Command team.

Command Mortar Jeep Recon Jeep Cavalry Recon Patrols are Reconnaissance Platoons. M8 armored car Cavalry Recon Patrol

Dismounted Sargento Before deployment may you choose to dismount your Cavalry Recon Platoon. If you do this, all of the Cavalry Recon Command Mortar Jeep Recon Jeep Patrols from the platoon operate as a single platoons. M8 armored car If you dismount, all of the platoon’s vehicles are permanently Cavalry Recon Patrol removed from the game. Replace all of the vehicles in each Cavalry Recon platoon Patrol with any two of the following teams for each Patrol: • Carbine teams, • M1919 LMG teams, • up to one M2 .50 cal MG team, • up to one M2 .50 cal MG team, • up to one Bazooka team, and • up to one M2 60mm more team. Designate one of the teams as the Platoon Command team. The platoon remains a Reconnaissance Platoon.

BRASIL 10 mud. atangled messofwireand leave theirfortifications and gun. Its shellswilldigouteven themostdetermineddefender The heavy M1 155mm howitzer is an extremely powerful is equippedwith155mmhowitzers. is three battalionsof105mmhowitzers battalion andafourth in three battalionsset-upliketheAmericans, therefore there regiment organized includesanartillery The divisionalartillery canadvancedown onthem unhindered. sotheinfantry plotting concentratedfire down onthemandpinning Using Americanmethodstheykeeptheenemy’s headsdown, now theBrazilians have achancetoprove itsworth. howitzer isaproven weapon inthehandsofAmericans, wasnodifferent. The105mmM2A1 and theirartillery The Brazilians used all American weapons and equipment, M2A1 105mmhowitzers. with at least as many fielding a Battery Field Artillery equipped withM1155mmhowitzers unlessyou are also You (155mm) maynot field a Battery Field Artillery • HQ Section with: P • HQ Section with: P O O 2 M1155mmhowitzers 4 M1155mmhowitzers 2 M2A1105mmhowitzer 4 M2A1105mmhowitzer latoon latoon ption ption points forthebattery. Add andM5high-speedtractorsat+5 ¾-tontrucks the platoon. for+5points Add and2½-tontrucks ¾-tontrucks F ield 110 210 140 80 F

A ield rtillery points points points points

A rtillery

BRA B attery S IL B attery M5 high-speedtractor M2A1 105mmhowitzer M2A1 105mmhowitzer M5 high-speedtractor (155 M1 155mmhowitzer M1 155mmhowitzer Command Rifleteam Command Rifleteam Field Artillery Battery (155mm) Tenente Tenente mm Field ArtilleryBattery ) Capitão Capitão Capitão Capitão M2A1 105mmhowitzer M2A1 105mmhowitzer M5 high-speedtractor M5 high-speedtractor M1 155mmhowitzer M1 155mmhowitzer Tenente Tenente Rifle team Rifle team Observer Observer 11

French Expeditionary Corps Engineer Combat Platoon

Tenente Platoon Tenente Sargento HQ Section with Weapons Squad and 2 Operating Squads 145 points 1 Operating Squad 110 points Turretless Dozer No Operating Squads 75 points

Options • Add M3 37mm gun for +15 points. • Replace the M3 37mm gun with a Bazooka team at no cost. • Add Bazooka team for +15 points per team. Sargento Sargento • Add Pioneer 2½-ton Supply Truck for +25 points. • Add a Bulldozer for +5 points, or a turretless M4 Sherman dozer for +10 points. • Arm up to two 2½-ton trucks with .50 cal AA MG for +10 points per truck.

You may replace all Pioneer HMG teams with Pioneer Rifle teams at the start of the game before deployment. Sargento

Each Brazilian Regiment formed its own Regimental Combat Team (RCT) comprising an Infantry Regiment, and included an Engineer company from the 9th Engineer Battalion.

Engineer Combat Platoon

Anti-aircraft Artillery Platoon

Tenente Platoon Tenente HQ Section with: 4 M1 Bofors 95 points Command Jeep 2 M1 Bofors 50 points Rifle team

Option

• Add Jeep and 2½-ton trucks for +5 points for the Sargento Sargento platoon.

The anti-aircraft artillery has a quiet time of it in Italy. The German Luftwaffe seldom makes an appearance over the M1 Bofors gun M1 Bofors gun heads of the Brazilians. But if they do appear, the M1 Bofors guns of the Brazilian Expeditionary Force are waiting for M1 Bofors gun M1 Bofors gun them.

2½-ton truck 2½-ton truck

2½-ton truck 2½-ton truck Automatic Automatic Weapons Section Weapons Section Anti-aircraft Artillery Platoon

BRASIL 12 Italy. During theirmissionstheydidnotloseasingleplaneto flew Communication andObservation) over 680missionsin The AOP does notusetheColumnSecurity specialrule. Posts An onpage139oftherulebook. Post AirObservation An Post AirObservation forAirObservation usedtherules L P L-4 Grasshopper AOP P-47 Thunderbolt P-47 Thunderbolt imited riority 1 a Esquadrilha deLigação (1 eObservação

A

A ir ir S S upport upport

150 190 25 A st Flotilla of ir points points points O A bservation ir S BRA uprort S US 357Squadron, equippedwithP-47fighter-bombers. The Brazilians suppliedanairgroup of500men whojoined targets assmallsingleGerman mortars! enemy fire, despite flyinglow-altitude missions to spot very IL P ost Air Observation Post L-4 GrasshopperAOP Air Support Tenente Tenente Tenente Tenente Flight AOP P-47 13

French Expeditionary Corps Truck Section

Sargento Platoon Sargento 8 2½-ton trucks 30 points 6 2½-ton trucks 25 points 4 2½-ton trucks 20 points 2 2½-ton trucks 15 points Command 2½-ton truck 2½-ton truck HQ Squad

A Truck Section is a Transport Platoon (see page 47 of the Corporal Corporal rulebook).

Although the FEB had to use creative methods to form a full 2½-ton truck 2½-ton truck transport group, they did so by transferring many of their trucks from their Artillery to the Infantry).

2½-ton truck 2½-ton truck Truck Squad Truck Squad Corporal

2½-ton truck 2½-ton truck Truck Squad Truck Platoon

Italian Partisan Platoon

Tenente Platoon tenente HQ Section with:

3 Partisan Squads 65 points Command Rifle team

Options • Replace one Rifle team with an M2 60mm Mortar Sergente Sergente Sergente team for +5 points.

• Replace one Rifle team with an M1919 LMG team Rifle team Rifle team Rifle team team for +5 points. • Replace up to two Rifle teams with SMG teams for Rifle team Rifle team Rifle team +5 points per team. Partisan Partisan Partisan Squad Squad Squad An Italian Partisan Italian Partisan platoon Platoon is rated CONFIDENT CONSCRIPT The presence and actions of the Italian Partisans, orPartigiani , Confident Conscript. had great impact in the long months of combat on the , especially for the FEB, whose had many soldiers that were Italo-Brazilians (and spoke Italian). The FEB had the irregular support of these men and women.

BRASIL 14 time, creating acombinedarmsforce. were placedundercommandofthe1 The US751 Of War rulebook. US Platoons inyour force are Allies andfollow theAllies foundonpage70oftheFlames rules Of War rulebook. are rated asConfident Veteran, andfollow alloftheUSSpecial Rules foundintheFlames The Brazilians were by supported American unitsduringtheirtimein Italy. US Support Units M P 3 M5A1Stuart 4 M5A1Stuart 5 M5A1Stuart 3 M4orM4A1Sherman 4 M4orM4A1Sherman 5 M4orM4A1Sherman latoon otivation st Tank Battalion (Sherman andStuart tanks)

and S kill

st DIEfrom timeto US Support 155 210 260 250 335 415 US points points points points points points T ank

BRA P S IL latoon Tank Section Sergeant Tank Tank US TankPlatoon Lieutenant Command tank Lieutenant CONFIDENT RELUCTANT FEARLESS US Tank Section Sergeant upport Tank Tank CONSCRIPT VETERAN TRAINED 15

French Expeditionary Corps US Tank Destroyer Platoon

Lieutenant Platoon Lieutenant Security Section and Tank Destroyer Section with: 4 M10 3in GMC 370 points Command .50 cal Recon Jeep M20 scout car M20 scout car 2 M10 3in GMC 205 points Security Section

The US 894th Tank Destroyer Battalion, armed with M10 Lieutenant tank destroyers, also fought with the 1st DIE.

Tank Destroyer Platoons use the US Tank Destroyer special Command M10 3in GMC M10 3in GMC rules on page 238 of the rulebook.

Tank Destroyer Platoons are Reconnaissance Platoons (see M10 3in GMC M10 3in GMC pages 193 to 195 of the rulebook). Tank destroyer Section Tank destroyer Platoon

Rifle Platoon

Lieutenant Platoon Lieutenant HQ Section with: 3 Rifle Squads 200 points Command Bazooka 2 Rifle Squads 145 points Rifle team team

The Brazilians could rely on help from nearby American Sergeant Sergeant Sergeant troops wherever the two nation’s objectives overlapped. These veterans of the Italian theatre were always a welcome addition to the roughly trained Brazilian Expeditionary Rifle team Rifle team Rifle team Force. Rifle team Rifle team Rifle team

Rifle team Rifle team Rifle team Rifle Squad Rifle Squad Rifle Squad rifle platoon

BRASIL 16

Mortar Jeep .50 calReconJeep Recon Jeep M20 scoutcar M4 orM4A1Sherman M2 .50calMG Weapon .50 cal Vehicle MG Vehicle MG V M8 armoredcar R M10 3inGMC T M5A1 Stuart T Weapon Name M1919 LMGteam M1917 HMGteam M1 155mmhowitzer M2 60mmmortar M2A1 105mmhowitzer M1 81mmmortar M3 105mmlighthowitzer M1 57mmgun M3 37mmgun M1 Boforsgun ank anks econnaissance Firing Bombardments M2 60mmMortar M3 75mmgun M6 37mmgun M6 37mmgun M7 3ingun Firing bombardments Firing bombardments Firing bombardments Firing bombardments Firing bombardments ehicle BRASI D L M estroyers achine - guns Standard Tank Standard Tank 32”/80cm 24”/60cm 24”/60cm 32”/80cm Light Tank 32”/80cm 24”/60cm 16”/40cm 16”/40cm Mobility Wheeled Range Brazilian Arsenal Brazilian Jepp Jeep Jeep Jeep Armour Man-packed Man-packed Man-packed Man-packed Man-packed Immobile Immobile Immobile Mobility Medium Heavy Light

Front ROF 2 2 1 6 2 2 2 4 3 3 1 4 - - - - 88”/220cm 72”/180cm 56”/140cm 40”/100cm 16”/40cm 16”/40cm 24”/60cm 24”/60cm 24”/60cm 24”/60cm 24”/60cm 24”/60cm 24”/60cm 16”/40cm 24”/60cm 32”/80cm Range TANK TEAMS Anti-tank GUN TEAMS Side 10 12 1 1 0 4 7 7 2 4 2 0 2 - - - ROF BRA 3 5 1 6 1 2 3 3 4 1 2 - - - - - Firepower S

Top IL 3+ 4+ 3+ 3+ 4+ 5+ 6 0 1 1 6 0 0 - - - Anti-tank 10 10 4 5 2 4 2 9 4 1 1 7 6 2 7 2 Recce. .50 call AA MG,Recce. AA MG, Recce. ,50 cal AA MG,Recce. Co-ax MG,Hull MG,.50calAAMG. Co-ax MG,Hull MG,AAMG. Co-ax MG,.50cal AA MG,Recce. .50 cal AA MG. Equipment andNotes Hull mounted,Portee,Minimumrange8”/20cm. Smoke, Stabiliser. Stabiliser. ROF 1ifotherweaponsROF fire. Slow traverse. ROF 1ifotherweaponsROF fire. Firepower 5+ 2+ 1+ 4+ 2+ 4+ 3+ 4+ 4+ 4+ 2+ 3+ 6 6 6 6

Notes Smoke bombardment. ROF 2whenpinneddownormoving. Bunker buster, Gun shield,Smoke. Smoke bombardment. ROF 3whenpinneddownormoving. Breakthrough gun,Gunshield,Smoke. Smoke bombardment. Minimum range8”/20cm. Gun shield,NoHE. Gun shield. Anti-aircraft, Turntable. Smoke bombardment. Breakthrough gun,Smoke. Minimum range8”/20cm,Smoke. BRASI L 17

French Expeditionary Corps INFANTRY TEAMS

Team Range ROF Anti-tank Firepower Notes Rifle team 16”/40cm 1 2 6 SMG team 4”/10cm 3 1 6 Full ROF when moving. Bazooka team 8”/20cm 1 10 5+ Tank assault 4. Staff team cannot shoot Moves as a Heavy Gun team. Additional Training and Equipment Pioneer teams are rated as Tank Assault 3.

TRANSPORT TEAMS

Armour Vehicle Mobility Front Side Top Equipment and Notes Trucks Jeep Jeep - - - Optional Passenger-fired AA MG or .50 cal AA MG. Dodge ¾-ton or GMC 2½-ton truck Wheeled - - - M5 high-speed tractor Standard Tank - - - .50 cal AA MG. Engineer Vehicles Turretless M4 Sherman dozer Standard Tank 6 4 0 Bulldozer. Bulldozer Very Slow Tank - - - Bulldozer. Pioneer Supply Truck Wheeled - - -

Aircraft Aircraft Weapon To Hit Anti-tank Firepower Notes P-47 Thunderbolt MG 2+ 6 5+ Bombs 4+ 5 1+

BRASIL 18