Bibliographic standards emlyon business school
Bibliographic standards
November 2019
Table of contents
PREAMBLE ...... 4 What is a bibliography? ...... 4 Formatting your bibliography ...... 4 Organization of the bibliography ...... 4
BOOK ...... 5 Paper format ...... 5 Online format...... 5
CHAPTER AND EXCERPT OF A BOOK ...... 5 Paper format ...... 5 Online format...... 5
JOURNAL’S ARTICLE ...... 5 Paper format ...... 5 Online format...... 5
CONFERENCE PAPER ...... 5 Paper format ...... 5 Online format...... 5
THESIS OR DISSERTATION ...... 6 Paper format ...... 6 Online format...... 6
WORKING PAPER OR REPORT ...... 6 Paper format ...... 6 Online format...... 6
LEGISLATION ...... 7 Paper format ...... 7 Online format...... 7
WEBSITE ...... 7
STANDARD ...... 7
PATENT ...... 8
VIDEO FROM A WEBSITE ...... 8
TV SHOW OR RADIO BROADCAST ...... 8
IMAGE, PICTURE, GRAPH ...... 9 In a book ...... 9 In a journal ...... 10 In a website ...... 10
DATASET ...... 10
Contact the Learning Hub ...... 11
PREAMBLE
What is a bibliography? The purpose of a bibliography is to enable the reader to identify and to find the referenced documents quickly and easily. It also helps to know who inspired you in the development of your ideas.
The bibliography is placed at the end of your paper (reports, dissertations, theses...) and includes list of books, articles, and other sources used in writing the paper
Formatting your bibliography There are standards to follow:
Organize the various elements in the references ; Respect the punctuation between these elements ; lways start your references with the author's surname in capital letters, then the first name in lower case. The date of the document will always be behind, in brackets ; Homogenise the presentation (font, font size).
Exceptions:
When a document has more than three authors, list the first three authors and follow with et al. Example for a book: ROQUILLY Christophe, DUPUIS Michel, MEDINA Annie, et al.(2014). 19th edition. Rueil- Malmaison: Wolters Kluwer France SAS.
It can be possible that for some documents, you will not find authors. In that case, you must start your references with the title of the document.
If you use the Zotero bibliographic reference management tool, please select American Psychological Association 6th edition (annotated bibliography with abstract) from the list of available styles. Tutorials available here
Organization of the bibliography You can organize your references in different ways: Alphabetically by author's surname; By numbering the references, depending on the order they appear in your document (the first quoted in your text will be the number one and so forth) ; By document types (books, academic articles, websites…), then alphabetically by author's surname.
Below, we propose various examples that illustrate the presentation of bibliographic references, for the most part of documents you will find during your research.
BOOK Paper format
SURNAME and First name of the author (publication year). Book title. Edition. Publication place: Publisher.
Example: WEICK Karl E. (2009). Making Sense of the Organization. Volume 2: The Impermanent Organization. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
Online format
SURNAME and First name of the author (publication year). Book title. Edition. Publication place: Publisher. [format] [access date]. Available on: < >.
Example: FAYOLLE Alain (2006). Devenir entrepreneur. Paris: Pearson Education France. [online] [accessed on 29/07/2011]. Available on:
CHAPTER AND EXCERPT OF A BOOK Paper format
SURNAME and First name of the author (publication year). Chapter title. In: SURNAME and First name of the book’s author, Book title. Edition. Publication place: Publisher, pages.
Example: WEICK Karl E., PUTNAM Ted (2009). Organizing for Mindfulness: Eastern Wisdom and Western Knowledge. In: WEICK K.E., Making Sense of the Organization. Volume 2: The Impermanent Organization. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, p. 85-107.
Online format
SURNAME and First name of the chapter's author (publication year). Chapter title. In: SURNAME and First name of the book’s author, Book title. Edition. Publication place: Publisher, Pages. [format] [access date]. Available on: < >.
Example: KIRDY David A. (2009). Entrepreneurship education: can business schools meet the challenge?. In: FAYOLLE Alain, KLANDT Heinz, International entrepreneurship education: issues and newness. Cheltenham: E. Elgar. [online] [accessed on 29/07/2011]. Available on:
JOURNAL’S ARTICLE Paper format
SURNAME and First name of the author (publication year). Article title. Journal title, volume, issue, pages.
Example: PIERCE Jon L., JUSSILA Iiro (2010). Collective psychological ownership within the work and organizational context: Construct introduction and elaboration. Journal of Organizational Behavior, vol. 31, n° 6, p. 810.
Online format
SURNAME and First name of the author (publication year). Article title. Journal title, volume, issue. [format] [access date]. Available on: < >.
Example: HAAG Christophe, LAROCHE Hervé (2009). Dans le secret des comités de direction, le rôle des émotions: proposition d’un modèle théorique. M@nagement, vol 12, n° 2. [online] [accessed on 29/07/2011]. Available on:
CONFERENCE PAPER Paper format
SURNAME and First name of the author (Conference date). Paper title. Name of the proceedings. University, Place of the conference. Place of publication of the proceedings: Publisher of the proceedings.
Example.: COURPASSON David (June 2006). Workshop Pour une vision politique du management (stratégique). Repenser le pouvoir. XVème Conférence de l’AIMS. AIMS, Annecy. AIMS.
Online format
SURNAME and First name of the author (conference date). Paper title. Name of the proceedings. University, Place of the conference. Place of publication of the proceedings: Publisher of the proceedings. [format] [date of access]. Available on: < >.
Example: FAYOLLE Alain, OMRANE Amina, ZERIBI-BENSLIMANE Olfa (June 2010). Les compétences entrepreneuriales et le processus entrepreneurial: une approche dynamique. XVIIIème Conférence de l’AIMS. AIMS, Annecy. AIMS. [online] [accessed on 29/07/2011]. Available on:
THESIS OR DISSERTATION Paper format
SURNAME and First name of the author (publication year). Dissertation title. Level of the thesis or dissertation and discipline, University, Name of the thesis director, dir.
Example: SCHEID François (2009). Rôle des premiers clients dans la conception d’innovation radicale: le cas du logiciel. Thèse de doctorat, Economie et Sciences Sociales, spécialité Gestion, Ecole Polytechnique, F. Charue-Duboc, dir.
Online format
SURNAME and First name of the author (publication year). Dissertation title. Level of the thesis or dissertation and discipline, University, Name of the thesis director, dir. [format] [access date]. Available on: < >.
Example: IMYIM Apichat (2000). Méthodologie d'évaluation environnementale des déchets stabilisés/solidifiés par liants hydrauliques. Thèse de Doctorat, Sciences et techniques du déchet, Institut national des sciences appliquées de Lyon, L. Barna, dir. [online] [accessed on 29/07/2011]. Available on:
WORKING PAPER OR REPORT
Paper format
SURNAME and First name of the author (publication year). Working paper title. Collection name, issue. Publisher.
Example: LANGEVIN Pascal, MENDOZA Carla (2010). How can Organizational justice moderate the unethical behaviors induced by budgeting systems ?. Cahiers de recherche, n° 2010-05. Lyon: EMLYON Business School.
Online format
SURNAME and First name of the author (publication year). Working paper title. Collection name, issue. Publisher. [format] [access date]. Available on: < >.
Example: CHOWDHURY Imran, SANTOS Filipe (2010). Scaling Social Innovations: The Case of Gram Vikas. Working paper, n° 2010/10/EFE/ISIC/ICE, INSEAD. [online] [accessed on 29/07/2011]. Available on:
LEGISLATION Paper format
ORGANIZATION author of the legal text (publication date). Title. Official journal, issue, pages.
Example: MINISTERE DU TRAVAIL, DE L’EMPLOI ET DE LA SANTE (July 1, 2011). Arrêté du 24 juin 2011 relatif aux modalités de calcul de l'indemnité mentionnée à l'article L. 632-6 du code de l'éducation. Journal Officiel, n°0151, p.11285.
Online format
ORGANIZATION author of the legal text (publication date). Title. Official journal, issue. [format] [access date]. Available on: < >.
Example: MINISTERE DE LA CULTURE ET DE LA COMMUNICATION (September 4, 2011). Décret n° 2011-1046 du 2 septembre 2011 portant modification du décret n° 2011- 732 du 24 juin 2011 relatif aux comités techniques prévus à l'article 29-3 de la loi n° 86- 1067 du 30 septembre 1986 modifiée relative à la liberté de communication. Journal Officiel, n°0205. [online] [accessed on 05/09/2011]. Available on:
WEBSITE
SURNAME and First name of the website’s author or ORGANIZATION. Webpage title. [format] [access date]. Available on: < >.
Example: Bibliothèque de l'Université de Laval. Bibliothèque de l'Université de Laval. [online] [accessed on 29/07/2011]. Available on:
STANDARD
PUBLISHER of the standard (publication year). Standard title. Reference of the standard. Publication date: Publisher, pages.
Example: AFNOR (2003). Technologie de l'information - Jeu de caractères graphiques codés pour emploi dans l'établissement de documents utilisés en électrotechnique et pour échange de l'information. NF EN 61286. Paris: AFNOR, 10 p.
PATENT
SURNAME and First name of the inventor (patent date). Patent title. Number of the patent.
Example: DELBARY Gaël (August 21, 2009). Système de vidéosurveillance embarquée nomade. FR2927757 (A1).
DVD
SURNAME and First name of the director (publication year). Document title. [FORMAT]. Publication place: Publisher.
Example: RENOIR Jean (1937). La grande illusion. [DVD]. Boulogne-Billancourt: Studio Canal.
VIDEO FROM A WEBSITE
SURNAME and First name of the video’s author or ORGANIZATION (publication year). Title of the document. In: SURNAME and First name of the website’s author or ORGANIZATION. Title of the website. [format] [access date]. Available on: < >.
Example: DELEGATION A L’INFORMATION ET A LA COMMUNICATION (2015). Assises de la jeune création. In: MINISTERE DE LA CULTURE ET DE LA COMMUNICATION. CultureCommunication. [online] [accessed on 15/07/2015]. Available on:
TV SHOW OR RADIO BROADCAST
SURNAME and First name of the program’s director (diffusion date). Title of the show. Channel or radio station
Example: Iggy Confidential (July 17, 2015). BBC Radio 6 Music.
IMAGE, PICTURE, GRAPH In a book
SURNAME and First name of the image’s author or ORGANIZATION (image date). Image title. [Kind of document]. In: SURNAME and First name of the book’s author. Book title. Edition. Publication place: Publisher, pages.
Example: DREXLER Allan, SIBBET David (2012). [Graph]. In: LE SAGET MERYEM. Le manager intuitif: vers l’entreprise collaborative. 3rd edition. Paris: Dunod, p. 244.
In a journal
SURNAME and First name of the image’s author or ORGANIZATION (image date). Image title. [Kind of document]. Journal title, publication date, volume, issue, pages.
Example: DUGAN Jess T. (2006). Jess and Chloe. [Picture]. XXI, 2015, n°31, p. 50.
In a website
SURNAME and First name of the image’s author or ORGANIZATION (image date). Image title. [Kind of document]. In: Website title. [format] [access date]. Available on: < >.
Example: GETTY. [Picture]. In: Rolling Stone. [online] [accessed on 8/07/2015]. Available on:
DATA SET
SURNAME and First name or ORGANIZATION. Title of the data set. [online]. Dataset. Version. (Collection optionnal). [access date]. Available on: < >.
Example : PERSEE. Data set of person authorities. [online]. Dataset. Version of 14/05/2019. [accessed on 19/11/2019] Available on:
Bibliographic standards emlyon business school
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November 2019