Just Coasting : the Confluence of Space, Place and Ecology

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Just Coasting : the Confluence of Space, Place and Ecology Please do not remove this page Just coasting : the confluence of space, place and ecology Satchell, Kim https://researchportal.scu.edu.au/discovery/delivery/61SCU_INST:ResearchRepository/1267327900002368?l#1367465010002368 Satchell, K. (2018). Just coasting: the confluence of space, place and ecology [Southern Cross University]. https://researchportal.scu.edu.au/discovery/fulldisplay/alma991012822267102368/61SCU_INST:Research Repository Southern Cross University Research Portal: https://researchportal.scu.edu.au/discovery/search?vid=61SCU_INST:ResearchRepository [email protected] Open Downloaded On 2021/10/02 23:11:41 +1000 Please do not remove this page Just coasting: The confluence of space, place and ecology Kim Satchell Bachelor of Social Science (MA qual.) A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of Doctor of Philosophy School of Arts and Social Sciences Southern Cross University, 2018 Table of Contents Abstract i Statement of Candidate ii Acknowledgments iii List of Figures iv Prologue: Love in a changing climate 1 Section 1 Coasting: On the edge of the fold 7 Chapter 1 Oceania rising: A new ecology 17 Chapter 2 Inside~out: An ontology of blue 51 Chapter 3 Auto-choreography: Confessions of a soul-surfer 83 Section 2 Shrine: The place of perpetuity 114 Chapter 4 Shacking-up: The poetics of vernacular architecture 120 Chapter 5 Beachcombing: Oceanic reverie and liminality 154 Chapter 6 A field guide: Seven walks towards the transformation of everyday life 192 Chapter 7 Conclusion THIS: Oceanic life-worlding 232 References 255 Abstract: Human assaults on the environment are now the looming issues of the 21st Century. The exponential forces of population and technology are the epicentres of unprecedented historical advents that are occurring in the swelter of simultaneity and the emergence of the Anthropocene. The deeper concerns of biological diversity and environmental integrity seem to languish in the aftermath of a brutal and malignant efficiency bent on exploitation and vested interests. The work of this thesis unfolds providing potent metaphors and cogent perspectives to think through life-affirming responses to ecological crisis. The chapters respond to the critical questions of existence as meditations on air, water, food, shelter, recreation, outdoor living and multi-species relationships. What are the crucial practices appropriate for place-making / place-writing at this time? Can these creative non-fictions support shifts in consciousness and better treatment of the environment? What role might the environmental humanities play in communities of environmental practice? The specific context of living on the coast, amid surfing culture, situates this thesis at the confluence of space, place and ecology, as a speculative work of multi-species ethnography and coastal philosophy. The urgency for human responsibility requires significant transformations that connect creative practices with the everyday to promote a plausible environmental culture of the future. The purpose of new ecologies of living are to utilise the care-of-the-self to realise a broader place-sensitive ecology-of-care. On the edge of these folds still shimmer possibilities rising on the horizon of an awakening. i Statement of the Candidate This work has not been submitted for a higher degree to any other university or institution. This is the sole work of the candidate comprised of the original work not published in any other form unless cited. There is no conflict of interest or nor have there been any financial benefits accrued in the process of this work. The intention of the language is predicated upon a fundamental assumption upon gender neutrality although not always reflected in the literature. ii Acknowledgements There are a number of influential people who deserve acknowledgement as colleagues and many whom have become the dearest of friends in the background and evolution of this thesis. Firstly, my sincere thanks to Baden Offord who opened the way for my exploration of higher learning. As a tireless supporter and confidant, he provided the catalyst of encouragement that allowed me to gain some momentum in those early years. Deborah Bird Rose gave to me the wonderful gift of friendship, providing an exemplary model of scholarship and a generosity of spirit that has proved to be an invaluable mix of qualities in the face of the inevitable incongruities entailed in academic work. Kangaloon colleagues of the highest calibre offered their friendship and elevated conversations in some wonderful encounters of intellectual fellowship. Debbie Rose, Martin Harrison, Lorraine Shannon, Freya Mathews, Mark Tredennick, Peter Boyle, Kate Rigby, Kumi Kato, Linda Williams, James Hatley, Mathew Churlew, Lousie Fowler-Smith and Janet Laurence. It has been my privilege to have been so closely associated with so many luminary figures. Clifton Evers and Rebecca Oliver shared with me the joys and frustrations of surf culture in the context of academic work and were both supportive on a professional and personal level at key moments in the process. Emily Potter is an academic whom I hold in the highest regard. Any contact with her work or personally in conversation, I found to be inspirational and uplifting. She exudes a quiet charm and confidence in her own worth that I found nourishing for my own aspirations. Her unflinching support and belief in my ability quietly accompanied me in the most arduous moments. Moya Costello came into play at the back end of the project as a supervisor showing enormous patience coupled with frank feedback and wise counsel at a critical juncture. I appreciated the personal commitment she showed to see me through. Finally, thanks to Lynda Hawryluk whose professionalism and poise steadied the ship at the right moment allowing me to bring the work to completion. iii List of figures Photos are the author’s own, except where noted. Figure 1 Self Portrait vi Figure 2 A babe in arms Oceanus Church Point 1960 photo: Arthur Satchell 2 Figure 3 Beside restful waters 6 Figure 4 Southerly comes to town 10 Figure 5 The woven fabric of the foreshore entangles the imagination in its clever designs 16 Figure 6 A pied oyster catcher warily regards an interruption to the daily round 20 Figure 7 The folds of the soul illuminated by water if you look long enough 28 Figure 8 Looming in the imagination 34 Figure 9 Everyday fertility rites 43 Figure 10 Sky bottle blue greens and cat’s paws 53 Figure 11 Fishing in the shade of the moon 62 Figure 12 Silken blue tones soften the mood 67 Figure 13 Afternoon delight in blue 80 Figure 14 Finless auto-choreography fingertip control photo: Nikki Schmidenberg 85 Figure 15 Byron Bay Surf Festival 2014 talking story photo: Taylor Miller 98 Figure 16 More ways than one to get hooked 109 Figure 17 Another happy birthday in July 112 Figure 18 Cosy hideaway with a view close to beach 118 Figure 19 Cubbies can be fun too photo: Tom Woods 121 Figure 20 Diminutive spaces have a certain appeal when they open out 130 Figure 21 A spell on Coramba 135 Figure 22 Dreams linger in the shadow play where foliage and fabric overlap 144 Figure 23 Sanctuary is thought as well 147 Figure 24 The seasoned beachcomber sharpens an acuity for the supermundane 155 Figure 25 Walking among the layering edges of fractal complexity 162 iv Figure 26 Wading tentatively into the enchantment of another’s life-world 170 Figure 27 Another fellow marooned by consumer culture and repurposed as a witness 175 Figure 28 Crafted from driftwood a dancing eagle totem 179 Figure 29 A young Orca washed ashore in heavy seas touches these adolescents 186 Figure 30 A banksia bends into the sort of thicket honey-eaters adore 195 Figure 31 A price piece of the headland puzzle 197 Figure 32 The closer you get the more detail becomes enlarged 199 Figure 33 Out and about polishing the silverware 202 Figure 34 Looking back at Emerald from back Sandy 204 Figure 35 A silhouette provides sharp relief for Diamond Head 205 Figure 36 The maze of rocks fallen from the cliff where the crypt allows passage 209 Figure 37 The front Emerald Beach Zen garden 210 Figure 38 On a sea so calm as this one 212 Figure 39 The masked philosopher photo: Justin Holland 214 Figure 40 A beachcomber’s conviviality 215 Figure 41 The entrance sentinel to the northern cove ideal for collecting 218 Figure 42 My beloved Witch’s Hat 222 Figure 43 An old salt dips a line fishing for a moment’s peace 225 Figure 44 Sometimes things occur inexplicably and need further inquiry and study 227 Figure 45 The Sphinx 228 Figure 46 The onto-poetics of the living world can use any forms 229 Figure 47 A bowl of water in a rockpool becomes a portal for prayer 230 Figure 48 Dolphins are the undisputed masters of the wave zone photo: Tom Woods 238 Figure 49 The amenity of the saddle seems as if purpose built as a viewing platform 239 Figure 50 On another day I would not dare walk down in there 245 Figure 51The bend in the track at the surf checkpoint where sometimes there is gold 246 Figure 52 A mob of galahs flying in formation 247 v Figure 1 Self Portrait You touch one thing deeply and everything is there Thich Nhat Hahn vi Prologue: Love in a changing climate Once in his life a man ought to give himself up to a particular landscape in his experience, to look at it from as many angles as he can, to wonder about it, to dwell upon it. He ought to imagine that he touches it with his hands at every season and listen to the sounds made upon it. He ought to imagine the creatures there and all the faintest motions of the wind.
Recommended publications
  • Pacific Pastoralism: Ancient Poetics & The
    PACIFIC PASTORALISM: ANCIENT POETICS & THE DECONSTRUCTION OF AMERICAN PARADISE A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN AMERICAN STUDIES MAY 2014 By Travis D. Hancock Thesis Committee: Joseph Stanton (Chairperson) Brandy Nalani McDougall Robert Perkinson Keywords: Pastoral, Paradise, Pacific Islands, Hawai‘i, Herman Melville, Charles Warren Stoddard, Mark Twain, Theocritus, Longus ABSTRACT: This aim of this thesis is to deconstruct the etymology of the word “paradise” within the context of early Pacific narratives by popular American authors, and then within today’s tourist propaganda. Fundamental to that process is the imagination of “Pacific Pastoralism,” in which the pastoral tradition is considered as a predecessor to American traditions of describing the landscapes and peoples of the Pacific region, as those descriptions fueled an economy forcibly mapped onto that space. Herein texts are analyzed via close-reading comparisons, historical research, and more lyrical methods such as rhetorical stargazing, echolocation, and narrative technique. While this thesis is indebted to scholars in the fields of American Studies and English literature, it attempts to open space for Pacific Island Studies to epistemologically counter its cultural materialist claims. In total, this thesis is a critique of tourist marketing, which was ferried from antiquity to the Pacific on wooden ships, and today renders beaches little more than golf course sand-traps. Table of contents: 0. Pacific Pastoralism…………………………………………….. 1 1. Land-ho! Longus & Melville……………………………….. 14 2. Man-ho! Theocritus & Stoddard………………………….. 35 3. World-ho! Mark Twain & Literary Cartography….
    [Show full text]
  • Book of the Discovery Channel Documentary "Out of Eden/The Real Eve" (2002) by Stephen Oppenheimer
    Book of the Discovery Channel Documentary "Out of Eden/The Real Eve" (2002) by Stephen Oppenheimer The book manuscript was originally titled: “Exodus: the genetic trail out of Africa” and was submitted by the author to Constable Robinson publishers also in June 2002, was accepted, edited and then multiply published 2003/4 in UK, USA & South Africa as: Out of Eden: The peopling of the world”(UK) The Real Eve: Modern Man's Journey Out of Africa”(US) & “Out of Africa's Eden: the peopling of the world”(SA) … and subsequently in various foreign translations The document following below contains parts of the author’s original text as submitted to the publisher. It includes the summary Contents pages for the 7 chapters, but also gives full text for the original Preface, Prologue and Epilogue : Contents (Full author’s copyright submitted text of Preface, Prologue and Epilogue follow ‘Contents’) Preface 5 Prologue: 9 1: Why us? Where do we come from? - Why us - The climate our teacher - Walking apes - Growing brains in the big dry- Why did we grow big brains? II. Talking apes Touched with the gift of speech? - Baldwin's idea - Ever newer models - How did our brain grow and what does it do for us? - Redundant computing power or increasing central control? - Food for thought or just talking about food? - Symbolic thought and Language: purely human abilities? - Speech and higher thought: big bang creation or gradual evolution? Chapter 1: Out of Africa 32 Introduction - Cardboard keys to Life - A Black Eve - Objections from multi-regionalists - Objections
    [Show full text]
  • Trash Travels: the Truth—And the Consequences
    From Our Hands to the Sea, Around the Globe, and Through Time Contents Overview introduction from the president and ceo . 02 a message from philippe cousteau . 03 executive summary . 04 results from the 2009 international coastal cleanup . 06 participating countries map . .07 trash travels: the truth—and the consequences . 16 the pacific garbage patch: myths and realities . 24 international coastal cleanup sponsoring partners . .26 international coastal cleanup volunteer coordinators and sponsors . 30 The Marine Debris Index terminology . 39 methodology and research notes . 40 marine debris breakdown by countries and locations . 41 participation by countries and locations . 49 marine debris breakdown by us states . 50 participation by us states . 53. acknowledgments and photo credits . 55. sources . 56 Ocean Conservancy The International Coastal Cleanup Ocean Conservancy promotes healthy and diverse In partnership with volunteer organizations and ecosystems and opposes practices that threaten individuals across the globe, Ocean Conservancy’s ocean life and human life. Through research, International Coastal Cleanup engages people education, and science-based advocacy, Ocean to remove trash and debris from the world’s Conservancy informs, inspires, and empowers beaches and waterways, to identify the sources people to speak and act on behalf of the ocean. of debris, and to change the behaviors that cause In all its work, Ocean Conservancy strives to be marine debris in the first place. the world’s foremost advocate for the ocean. © OCEAN CONSERVANCY . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED . ISBN: 978-0-615-34820-9 LOOKING TOWARD THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY INTERNATIONAL COASTAL CLEANUP ON SEPTEMBER 25, 2010, Ocean Conservancy 01 is releasing this annual marine debris report spotlighting how trash travels to and throughout the ocean, and the impacts of that debris on the health of people, wildlife, economies, and ocean ecosystems.
    [Show full text]
  • Dissertation Rough Draft Final
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Melville on the Beach: Transnational Visions of America A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English by Ikuno Saiki December 2018 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Jennifer Doyle, Chairperson Dr. Steven Gould Axelrod Dr. Traise Yamamoto Copyright by Ikuno Saiki 2018 The Dissertation of Ikuno Saiki is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside Acknowledgments This project would not have been finalized without the invaluable assistance of many people. First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my exam advisor and former dissertation chairperson, Professor Emory Elliott. Throughout the irregular and tedious process of completing my degree, he constantly encouraged me and supported me by frequent e- mail messages, writing from his office in early morning, or from a hotel in China at midnight, until a month before his sudden demise. I learned, and am still learning, from his enthusiastic and humanitarian approach to literature and from his pure devotion to help his students. Professor Jennifer Doyle was on my exam committee, and kindly succeeded Professor Elliott as chair. She made it possible for me to finish the dissertation within a limited amount of time, and her advice gave me a framework within which to integrate all my ideas. Professor Steven Gould Axelrod and Professor Traise Yamamoto supported me in the first difficult quarter at UC Riverside in 2001. I learned scholarship and the art of research from Professor Axelrod’s meticulous and warm suggestions on my seminar papers. Professor Yamamoto, who provides energetic guidance and affectionate care for her students, is one of my unattainable role models.
    [Show full text]
  • The Micronesia Compendium a Compilation of Guidebook References and Cruising Reports Covering the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau
    The Micronesia Compendium A Compilation of Guidebook References and Cruising Reports Covering the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau IMPORTANT: USE ALL INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT AT YOUR OWN RISK!! Rev 2016.4 – August 20, 2016 We welcome updates to this guide! (especially for places we have no cruiser information on) Email Soggy Paws at sherry –at- svsoggypaws –dot- com. You can also contact us on Sailmail at WDI5677 The current home of the official copy of this document is http://svsoggypaws.com/files/ If you found it posted elsewhere, there might be an updated copy at svsoggypaws.com. Revision Log Many thanks to all who have contributed over the years!! Rev Date Notes A.0 28-Oct-2013 Initial version, still very rough at this point!! Moved some "outer atolls" around. Added some stuff gleaned from the RCC Pilotage Foundation. I am still not A.1 17-Nov-2013 clear where and who each of the outer atolls that other cruisers have mentioned actually fall in location and jurisdiction. I will resolve this in the next edition. More on Pohnpei and Kosrae, as we prepare to go there, A.2 26-Jan-2014 plus Carina's update on Lukunor. Added Downtime, Savannah's Pohnpei, Swingin' on a Star A.3 14-Feb-2014 and Carina. Broke the "between major islands" sections into separate sections. Brickhouse Inputs on West Fayu, Elato, Olimarao, and A.4 15-Feb-2014 Lorelei inputs on Losap Added section on Traditional Navigation on the Caroline A.5 17-Feb-2014 Islands. Added bits from US Sailing Directions (Pub 126).
    [Show full text]
  • Oppenheimer S. Human's Association with Water Bodies: The
    HUMAN EVOLUTION Vol. 28 n.3-4 (137-170) - 2013 Oppenheimer S. Human’s Association with Water Bodies: Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary The ‘Exaggerated Diving Reflex’ and Anthropology, School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, its Relationship with the Evolutionary University of Oxford, UK. Allometry of Human Pelvic and Brain Sizes E-mail: [email protected] As Darwin suggested, humans first evolved in Africa, then quickly spread out. Occupation sites from the Palaeolithic to the present show a niche preference for proximity to water bod- ies, rivers, lakes and sea coasts. From 165 Kya there is clear evidence for shellfish use, with characteristic shell middens in littoral zones. Genetic phylo-geography for Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH) indicates there was a single definitive exit from near the Horn Africa about 70 Kya, moving, with ex- traordinary rapidity, along coastlines around the Indian Ocean to Bali, later to China and the Americas. They crossed the sea to New Guinea and Australia by 50 KYA. Although AMH were not the first humans to cross Wallace’s Line, they were the first to make open-sea voyages of over 100 miles. Why are anatomi- cally modern humans associated with water bodies? Is it to do with their daily need for fresh drinking water? Is there any spe- cial significance to their exploitation of the food they find there, or is it just making the best of their niche? What aspect of their past evolution explains their ‘exaggerated mammalian diving reflex’? How is it connected with water? The pan-vertebrate reflex cardio-vascular response to extreme hypoxia has long been acknowledged as essential protection in terrestrial vertebrates against the risk of perinatal asphyxia as their milieu changes from aqueous to air.
    [Show full text]
  • By the Sweat of Their Brows: the Labor-Graphic Pacific ______
    BY THE SWEAT OF THEIR BROWS: THE LABOR-GRAPHIC PACIFIC ____________________________________ A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, Fullerton ____________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History ____________________________________ By Herbert Patrick Pullman Thesis Committee Approval: Volker Janssen, Department of History, Chair Jessica Stern, Department of History Stephen Neufeld, Department of History David Igler, Department of History, University of California, Irvine Fall, 2017 ABSTRACT In an effort to place motive in context, this essay addresses the issue of whether worldviews and histories that emphasize race and geography offer more distractions and less understanding than do studies that focus upon labor. Through the narrative of the murder of whaling captain Isaac Bunker Hussey and the years leading up to his death (1847 to 1852), this work examines this problem in a way that connects historical actors with historians, and history with early historiography. Though not readily apparent in the nineteenth century or even after, labor offers an opportunity to understand the lives of those who sailed the Pacific in the 1800s. The failure of both Captain Hussey and the whaling industry to recognize his crew through their labors rather than by their race or place of origin contributed to his murder. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Global Representative System Of
    A GLOBAL REPRESENTATIVE SYSTEM OF. MARTNE PROTE CTED AREAS Public Disclosure Authorized ; ,a,o k. @ S~~ ~r' ~~~~, - ( .,t, 24762 Volume 4 Public Disclosure Authorized .. ~fr..'ne .. G~,eat Barrier R M P.'k Authority Public Disclosure Authorized £S EM' '' , 0Th.o1,, ;, Public Disclosure Authorized a a b . ' Gtat Barrier Rdeef Mnarine Park Authori ''*' i' . ' ; -, a5@ttTh jO The'Wor1&~B'ank .~ ' a K ' ;' 6''-7 Th WorId>Conserutsibn Union (IUCN) $-. , tA,, -h, . §,; . A Global Representative System of Marine Protected Areas Principal Editors Graeme Kelleher, Chris Bleakley, and Sue Wells Volume IV The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority The World Bank The World Conservation Union (IUCN) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. Manufactured in the United States of America First printing May 1995 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. This publication was printed with the generous financial support of the Government of The Netherlands. Copies of this publication may be requested by writing to: Environment Department The World Bank Room S 5-143 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. WORLD CNPPA MARINE REGIONS 0 CNPPAMARINE REGION NUMBERS - CNPPAMARINE REGION BOUNDARIES / > SJ/) a l ti c \~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ali OD ' 0 Nort/h@ / North East %f , Nrkwestltsni North Eastt IPaa _?q g Nrharr etwcific \ t\ / , .............
    [Show full text]
  • CATCHING the DRIFT: Impacts of Oceanic Drift Material in the Marshall Islands
    MICRONESIAN JOURNAL OF THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Vol. 5, nº 1/2 Combined Issue November 2006 CATCHING THE DRIFT: Impacts of Oceanic Drift Material in the Marshall Islands Nancy Vander Velde and Brian Vander Velde Majuro, Marshall Islands The Marshall Islands, situated in the Central Pacific, are far from any major landmass. However, by means of oceanic drift, they are connected with virtually all the Pacific. This paper reviews how the types of drift from various areas have impacted the lives of people on the Marshall Islands. The local language, canoe construction, tools, food, agriculture and other aspects of the culture have been influenced by oceanic drift, with the effects continuing to the present The Marshall Islands, located from between with the help of humans. All other plants likely 160º to 173º east and 4º to 14º north, lie thou- came by traveling the waves. sands kilometers in all directions from any ma- The proportion of plant species which likely jor mass of land. Geologically the 29 atolls and came through oceanic drift is quite high when 5 solitary coral islands1, which constitute this compared with other islands. After Krakatau country, are figured to be quite young, prob- was devastated in 1883, the restoration process ably only coming to a point where they could began a little over a year later with a “few be colonized by land species three- to four- blades of grass.” Although the nearest unaffec- thousand years ago. Furthermore, it was likely ted land was comparatively near, being only only about two-thousand years ago when hu- about 40 km away, early plant recolonization mans were able to colonize the land (NBTRMI consisted of many species which spread via 2000, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • The Long Migration from South Africa to Patagonia
    Beachcombing and Coastal Settlement: The Long Migration from South Africa to Patagonia— The Greatest Journey Ever Made Barry Wood University of Houston Abstract Although studies of prehistoric human migration now run into the hundreds, a single, chronological narrative of the peopling of the planet has not yet been presented, Most studies have been produced by specialists of a region. The need for a specific migration narrative—highlighting a primary migration route—is desirable for a coherent big-history understanding of how prehistoric Homo sapiens peopled the planet. Assembling the existing research, we follow the primary migration route from South Africa to Patagonia—a coastal trek up the coast of Africa, along the shores of the Indian Ocean followed by a circum-oceanic trek around the entire Pacific Ocean., the whole journey, with settlements established along the way, occurring over a period of 60,000 up to 115,000 years. From South Africa, now recognized as the refuge of early Homo sapiens, migration can be traced through human fossils, cave occupations, camp and work sites, shell middens, animal remains, and tool remnants. To these, genetics has added the identification of genetic markers for more accurate route determination. This coastal migration route incorporates recent archeological reassessments that have confirmed (1) the “Southern Dispersal” route out of Africa to coastal South Asia; (2) a 10,000 to 15,000 thousand year “Beringian Standstill” during the last glacial maximum; and (3) a primary “Coastal Route” down the west coast of the Americas. From this primary coastal migration route, hundreds of rivers provide resource-rich entrances into continental interiors while ocean reaches beckoned to the adventurous, thus clarifying the earliest stages of the peopling of the Earth.
    [Show full text]
  • SAILORS and TRADERS
    SAILORS and TRADERS ".BSJUJNF)JTUPSZ PGUIF1BDJ¹D1FPQMFT Alastair Couper Sailors and Traders 1Coup_i-xiv.indd i 10/28/08 7:58:59 AM Sailors and A Maritime History of 1Coup_i-xiv.indd ii 10/28/08 7:59:00 AM Traders the Pacific Peoples Alastair Couper University of Hawai‘i Press honolulu 1Coup_i-xiv.indd iii 10/28/08 7:59:00 AM © 2009 University of Hawai‘i Press Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Couper, A. D. Sailors and traders: a maritime history of the Pacific peoples / by Alastair Couper. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8248-3239-1 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Pacific Islanders—History. 2. Sea Peoples—Pacific Area—History. 3. Sailors—Pacific Area—History. 4. Shipping—Pacific Area—History. I. Title. GN662.C68 2009 995—dc22 2008038710 An electronic version of this book is freely available thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high-quality books open access for the public good. The open-access ISBN for this book is 9780824887650 (PDF). More information about the initiative and links to the open-access version can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org. The open access version of this book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which means that the work may be freely downloaded and shared for non-commercial purposes, provided credit is given to the author. Derivative works and commercial uses require permission from the publisher. For details, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.
    [Show full text]
  • LAND TENURE in OCEANIA ASSOCIATION for SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY in OCEANIA Monograph Series
    LAND TENURE IN OCEANIA ASSOCIATION FOR SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY IN OCEANIA Monograph Series Vern Carroll, Editor Everett A. Wingert, Associate Editor for Cartography Previously published in this series: No. 1 Adoption in Eastern Oceania, edited by Vern Carroll ASAO Monograph No. 2 LAND TENURE IN OCEANIA Edited by Henry P. Lundsgaarde THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF HAWAII HONOLULU Open Access edition funded by the National Endow- ment for the Humanities / Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Licensed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Interna- tional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits readers to freely download and share the work in print or electronic format for non-commercial purposes, so long as credit is given to the author. Derivative works and commercial uses require permission from the publisher. For de- tails, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. The Creative Commons license described above does not apply to any ma- terial that is separately copyrighted. Open Access ISBNs: 9780824883720 (PDF) 9780824883737 (EPUB) This version created: 5 September, 2019 Please visit www.hawaiiopen.org for more Open Access works from University of Hawai‘i Press. Copyright © 1974 by The University Press of Hawaii All rights reserved CONTENTS Editor’s Preface ix 1. An Approach to the Analysis of Land Tenure Systems Ron Crocombe 1 2. Melpa Land Tenure: Rules and Processes Andrew Strathern 18 3. Land Tenure in the Woleai William H. Alkire 39 4. Land Tenure on Kapingamarangi Michael D. Lieber 70 5. Landholding on Namu Atoll, Marshall Islands Nancy J.
    [Show full text]