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New Bedford Whaling Whaling Capital of the World Park Partners Cultural Effects Lighting the World Sternboard from the brig Scrimshaw Port of Entry Starting in the Colonial era, the finest smokeless, odorless “ The town itself is perhaps Eunice H. Adams, 1845. On voyages that might The whaling industry Americans pursued whales candles. Whale-oil was also the dearest place to live last as long as four employed large num- primarily for blubber to fuel processed into fine industrial in, in all New England. years, whalemen spent bers of African-Ameri- lamps. Whale blubber was lubricating oils. Whale-oil their leisure hours cans, Azoreans, and rendered into oil at high All these brave houses carving and scratching Cape Verdeans, whose from New Bedford ships lit and flowery gardens decorations on sperm communities still flour- temperatures aboard ship—a much of the world from the whale teeth, whale- ish in New Bedford process whalemen called “try- 1830s until petroleum alterna- came from the Atlantic, bone, and baleen. This today. New Bedford’s ing out.” Sperm whales were tives like kerosene and gas re- Pacific, and Indian folk art, known as role in 19th-century prized for their higher-grade placed it in the 1860s. COLLECTION, NEW BEDFORD WHALING MUSEUM scrimshaw, often de- American history was spermaceti oil, used to make oceans. One and all, picted whaling adven- not limited to whaling, they were harpooned Today, New Bedford is a city of The National Park Service National Park Service is to work Heritage Center in Barrow, tures or scenes of however. It was also a nearly 100,000, but its historic joined this partnership in 1996 collaboratively with a wide Alaska, to help recognize the home. The whalemen major station on the and dragged up hither also made eating uten- Scrimshaw basket and Underground Railroad districts still retain embellish- when Congress created New range of local partners, includ- contributions of Alaska Natives jagging wheel. sils, mortars and pes- moving slaves from the from the bottom of the ments that Herman Melville Bedford Whaling National His- ing the City of New Bedford, to the history of whaling in the NEW BEDFORD WHALING tles, salt and pepper MUSEUM South up North and to admired. Walk its cobblestone- torical Park to help preserve New Bedford Whaling Muse- United States. From the South National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior National Historical Park Massachusetts sea.” shakers, pie crimpers, Canada. Among these lined streets by stately build- and interpret America’s whal- um, schooner Ernestina, Rotch- Seas to the Arctic, from South and other objects out oil increased, square fugitives was Frederick —Herman Melville, Moby-Dick ings, banks, and storehouses ing and maritime history. The Jones-Duff House and Garden America to Hudson’s Bay, the of ivory and baleen. riggers traveled for Douglass, who lived from the days when New Bed- park consists of the 13-block Museum, New Bedford Port So- story of New Bedford whaling Commercially, baleen years at a time world- In January 1841, a 21-year-old ford was the whaling capital of Waterfront Historic District but ciety, New Bedford Historical is a blend of many cultural in- was used in making wide, wherever whales seaman named Herman Mel- the world. Tour historic struc- is unlike most national parks in Society, and Waterfront Historic fluences. corset stays, skirt hoops, gathered. Americans ville set sail aboard a whaling tures, gardens, and museums that individuals and groups Area League (WHALE). The Na- and buggy whips. had plied every ocean ship on one of the most impor- and visit the working water- continue to own and operate tional Park Service also works from the South Seas to tant sea voyages in American front, homeport to one of their properties. The role of the in partnership with the Inupiat Pursuing Whales the Western Arctic by Worldwide the 1850s and found literature. The book inspired America’s leading fishing and Beginning in the 18th most of the grounds of by that voyage was the world- scalloping fleets. The streets, century the whaling FREDERICK DOUGLASS NHS sperm, right, bow- Frederick Douglass famous Moby-Dick, and the buildings, and harbor preserve Schooner Ernestina industry used small head, humpback, and place Melville sailed from on the stories of early settlers, under sail. sailing ships to chase California gray whales. and worked in the city that cold winter day was New whaling merchants, maritime whales along the east- Both finback and blue for three years and Bedford, Massachusetts. workers, and the many people ern coastline. Then, as whales were too much was to become a lead- for whom New Bedford was the number of Atlantic for the 30-foot whale- ing anti-slavery orator It is not surprising that Melville both port of entry and of op- whales dwindled and boats and hand-held and author. chose to embark from New portunity. competition for whale harpoons of the time. Bedford—it was the whaling capital of the world. Its water- Preserving the city’s legacy did front teemed with sailors and not come easily. In the late tradespeople drawn from all 1960s and early 1970s, when over the globe by the whaling buildings were being torn industry’s promise of prosperity, down to make way for urban and its wide residential streets renewal projects, determined sparkled with the mansions of citizens worked together to SCHOONER ERNESTINA the wealthy whaling families. save the city’s history and neighborhoods. Innovative The whaling industry that flour- preservation efforts focused ished in Melville’s New Bedford on the waterfront, the city’s had been born many years be- heart and soul. fore and continued growing for another decade and a half. In the 1850s more whaling voy- ages sailed from New Bedford than from all of the world’s ports combined. JOHN ROBSON COLLECTION, NEW BEDFORD WHALING MUSEUM NPS/©SUSAN COLE KELLY ROTCH-JONES-DUFF HOUSE New Bedford Whaling Museum Rotch-Jones-Duff House Seamen’s Bethel Whaleboat being ‘stove’ by a whale New Bedford New Bedford Whaling Close-up of Richard Ellis mural of white whale COLLECTION, NEW BEDFORD WHALING MUSEUM COURTESY OF RICHARD ELLIS © NEW BEDFORD WHALING MUSEUM Visiting the Park Park Guide Park Map One of the pleasures of visiting New Seamen were known Clocks and chronometers were made Rotch-Jones-Duff House and Garden M To Fairhaven a Mill St c to set their instruments in the Sundial Building, but this 1820 Museum, a Greek Revival mansion at A Bedford is to walk its streets and look r t by this sundial. h brick-and-stone structure is named 396 County Street, was built in 1834 u at its buildings. Most sites described r JOHN ROBSON Kempton St D here are within the national historical for the vertical sundial on its Union for whaling merchant William Rotch, r M Street exterior. Seamen were known Jr. Furnished period rooms and col- ill 6 park. Some are open to the public K St to set their instruments by the dial’s lections chronicle the city’s history em pt year-round; others are open seasonal- time, known as “New Bedford time.” through the three families who lived on Pleasant St ELM STREET St ly. Most are managed by nonprofit or- Check its accuracy. The building was here over a span of 150 years. Set on Middle St PARKING 18 ganizations that charge an admission restored after a devastating gas ex- a city block of urban gardens, the Post GARAGE Office fee. Stop first at the park visitor center plosion and fire in 1977. Now owned property includes a historic wooden Elm St 54th Mass Park to get oriented. Then, using the map by the New Bedford Whaling Muse- pergola, formal boxwood rose par- Bus Regiment Visitor Rodman Station Memorial Center Candleworks at the far right as your guide, tour the um, the building houses its adminis- terre garden, and wildflower walk. Mechanics Lane Waterfront Visitor Center NPS/©SUSAN COLE KELLY Plaza U.S. Park Visitor Center trative offices. Fee. New Bedford Whaleman Custom St N Water (Wharfinger Building) park sites, including the waterfront. City Hall Statue House Rodman St PIER 3 FISHERMAN’S WHARF County St Double Bank William St New Bedford Building Park Visitor Center, at 33 William New Bedford Art Museum Hamilton St Ferry Alert (to Cuttyhunk) Free Public Library For more information contact: Street, offers information about sites, Mariners’ Home Schooner Ernestina Lewis Centre St facilities, and community activities. Temple Seamen’s Bethel Johnny Cake Hill/Bethel St. New Bedford Whaling To Buttonwood Tonnessen Kendall Front St Park and Zoo Statue New Bedford Rose Alley Park National Historical Park NPS/©SUSAN COLE KELLY This Greek Revival structure built in Institute N Sixth St Eighth St Whaling Museum Sundial Building Centre Street A 1853 served as a bank, courthouse, Union St Union St 33 William Street STATE PIER C auto parts store, antique mart, and U By car New Bedford is t r New Bedford, MA 02740 Spring Street S 95 S D a bank again before it became the r Quaker Meetinghouse H approximately one hour r e 508-996-4095 u 495 t N 91 Spring St h a national historical park visitor center. t Coast Guard Mass. Boston south of Boston and 45 r www.nps.gov/nebe Nathan and Polly W E Zeiterion A Park Park rangers and volunteers are on S T Johnson Properties Theatre c Worcester minutes east of Provi- a Cape Cod 90 3 JOHN ROBSON NPS/©SUSAN COLE KELLY National Historical 95 hand to answer your questions. M 24 Landmark dence. From I-195 take Seamen’s Bethel Seamen’s Bethel (left) and Mariners’ Home School St 495 Arnold St exit 15 and travel one Providence R Seamen’s Bethel, across from the t S 25 6 Bourne I V RI 195 mile south on Route 18 r Hartford Whaling Museum, has served mari- e Counting House t E Conn.
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