Romania Romania
298 ROMANIA ROMANIA Polity: Presidential-parliamentary democracy Poland Economy: Mixed capitalist (transitional) Ukraine Population: 22,400,000 D ne str GNP per capita at PPP $ (1999): 5,647 Slovakia Capital: Bucharest Ethnic Groups: Romanian (89.5 percent), Hungary Moldova Botosani Hungarian (7.1 percent), German, Ukrainian, Serb, Croat, Cluj Russian, Turkish, Roma, and other (2 percent) D n es tr Arad Size of private sector as % of GDP (mid-2000): 60 ROMANIA Timisoara Braila Belgrade Bucharest Constanta be Danu Black Sea Yugoslavia Sofia Bulgaria NATIONS IN TRANSIT SCORES 1997 1998 1999-2000 2001 Democratization 3.95áááâ 3.85 3.19 3.31 Rule of Law .na .na 4.25â 4.38 Economic Liberalization 4.63áááá 4.50 4.17 4.00 KEY ANNUAL INDICATORS 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 GDP per capita ($) 1,323.0 1,564.0 1,563.0 1,551.0 1,688.0 1,512.0 1,596.0 Real GDP growth (% change) 3.97.13.9-6.1-5.4-3.21.6 Inflation rate 136.7 32.3 38.8 154.8 59.1 45.8 45.7 Exports ($ millions) 6,151.0 7,910.0 8,061.0 8,431.0 8,302.0 8,503.0 10,366.0 Imports ($ millions) 6,562.0 9,487.0 10,555.0 10,411.0 10,927.0 9,595.0 12,050.0 Foreign Direct Investment ($ millions) 341.0 417.0 415.0 1,267.0 2,079.0 1,070.0 1,000.0 Unemployment rate 10.1 8.2 6.6 8.9 10.3 11.8 10.5 Life Expectancy (years) 69.5 69.5 69.1 69.0 69.3 69.5 69.0 ROMANIA 299 INTRODUCTION economic, and social structures, but corruption, bureaucracy, organized crime, and the administration’s own inability to omania has a political system fraught with the diffi- compromise have thwarted real progress.
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