1902. CON GRESSION.AL RECORD-SENATE.
Benefic:.ia.l As.sociatian No. 18, Baltimore, Md., in opposition to By Mr_ TRAYER.: Petition .of Amalgamated Sheet Metal Honse bill :0777, amending the copyright law-to the Committee Worlrers' Union No.184,Steam. Engineers' Union No. 78, Worces on Patan.ts. ter, Mass.; Granite Cutters' National Union, of Milford, Mass.; By ~Ir. SIBLEY. Petition of the Journeymen Barbers' Inter Plate Printers' Union No. 3, of Boston, and Paint-ers and Decora national Union No. 124., of .Bradf<>rd, Pa.. 1 favoring a reenactment of tors' Union No, 41~, of Spencer, Mass., fav01ing extension of the the Chinese-.e.xclUBion law-to the Committee on Forci,gn Affairs. Cb.inese-exe1usion act-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Also. petitions of Journeymen Tail.ors1 Union of America No. By lfr. THOMAS -of Iowa: Resolution of Division No. 268, Or 57, of Franklin, Pa., fa"\:oring the construction of war vessels in der of Railroad Conductors, Marion, Iowa; Bmtherhood of Rail the· Government navy-yards-to theCommi~Lee on Naval Affairs. road Trainmen of Waterloo, Iowa, favoring bill to limit pGwer Also resolutions of Erie Branch of Pattern Makers, of M.old of Fed.ernl c011rts in. granting injtmdions in trade disputes-to ers' Union No. 220, and of Jomneymen Tailors' Union of Amer the Committee on the Judiciary. ica No. 57, of Franklin, Pa., favoring tb.e prohibition of immi Also, resolution of Division No. 216, Order of Railroad Con grants other than wives and children who .can not read-to the ductors, of Ottumw.a~ Iowa, advocating the reenactment of the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. Chinese-exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Also, resolutions of International Jmrrneymen BaTbers' Union Also, petition of 1\-Iansfield Post, No. 159, Grand Army of the No. 124, and Oil and Gas Well Workers' Union, Local No. 37 , of Republic~ Department of Iowa, for investigation of the adminis Bradford, Pa., and of International Brotherhood Oil and Gas tration of tlie Bureau of Pensions-to the Committee on RrJes. Well Wol'kers' Union No. 54, of Gifford) Pa., favoring the pro By Mr. VANDIVER; Petition of Andy Smith Post, No. 243, hibition of immigrants other than wives and children who can Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Missouri, for in not read-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. vestigation of the administration of the Bm·eau of Pensions-to By Mr. SKILES; Petitions of the Woman's Christian Temper the Committee on Rules. ance Union, First Congregational Church, H. S. Connor, and By ~Ir. "V" AN VOORHIS: Papers to accompany House bill re other citizens of Norwalk, Ohio, for the passage of a bill to pro lating to the C{)l'rection of the m.ilita"l"Y record of James :McElroy- hibit prostitution in the PhHip_pines-to the Committee on Insular to the -Committee on :Military Affairs. · Affairs. Also, petitions of citizeru; of Macksburg and Marietta, Ohio, Also, resolutions of Wood Workers" Union No. 179, of Mans and Typographical Union of Cambridge, Ohio, favoring restric field , Ohio; Bakers' Union No. 128J Lorain, Ohio, and Deer Lick tive legislation on immigration-to the Committee on Immigra Division, No, 292, Order of R.ailway Conducto1·s, Chicago, lll., tion and Naturalization. for an educational test in the restriction of immigration-to the Also, re olu:tioru; of Typographical Union No. 199, of Zanes Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. ville, Ohio; United Garment WOTkers' Union No. 152, Marietta, Also Tesolution of Machinists' Union No. 84, Mount Vernon, Ohio, and Union No. 21, Cambridge, Ohio-favoring extension of Ohio. favoring the building of war vessels in the navy-yards-to the Chinese-exclusion act-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. the Committee on Naval Affairs. By Mr~ WANGER: Petition of Iron and Steel Workers' Union Also, resolution of Bakers' Union No. 12.S, of Lorain. Ohio, No. W>.A:9, for the enactment of Ho11se bill 9330, concerning the favoring the Chinese-exclusion act-to the Committee on Foreign Chinese-exclusion act-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Affairs. By Mr. W ARNOOK: Petition of Bert Smith and other citizens Also, paper to accompany House billl~86, to amend the military of Champaign Omnty, Ohio, favoring a further restriction of im record of Joseph Swisher-to the Committee on Military .Affairs. migration-to-the Committee on Immigration and N atu:ralizatio11. By Mr. SMALL~ Resolution of Boiler Makers1 Union of Rocky Also, paper to aooompany House bill 11931, for the relief of Mount, N.C., advocating the building of war-vesself! in the navy Lucinda Read, mother of helpless child of Alexand~r W. Read, yards-to the Committee on Na-val Affairs. deceased-to the Committee .on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. SNOOK: Papers to accompany Honse bill12D70, grant By Mr. WEEKS: Petition of Lake Seamen's Union of Marine ing an increase of pension to Louis P. Anschuts-to the Commit City, Mich., fav01'ing the reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion tee on Invalid Pensions. act-to the C.ommittee on Foreign Affairs. · By Mr. SPERRY: Resolution of Carpenters' Union No. 127,of .Also, resolution of Lake Seamen's Union of Madne City, :Mich., Derby, Conn., favoring the construction of war ve::;se1s in the Gov in opposition to the change of name of the United States Marine ernment navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Hospital Service-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign By Mr. STARK: Resolution of Blue Valley Division, No. 343, Commerce. Fairbury, Nebr., Order of Railway Con-ductors, and E. .W. Hayes Also, resolutions of Lake Seamen's U Irion of Marine City, }fich., Division, No. 397, Beatrice, Nebr., Brotherhood of Locomotive protesting against the passage of House bills 9685 and 7185-to the Engineers, favoring a further restriction of immigration-to the Commi.ttee on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. By 1Ir. WILEY: Petition of Division No. 98, Order of Railway Also, petition [m the German language) of J. Benjamin and Conductors, Montgomery A.b., fa\oring the Chinese-exclrision 21 others, and petition of John D. Ryan and 17 others, citizens of a~t--:to the Committee on FDl'eign Affairs. Wahoo, Nebr., asking that the United States offer its good of By M.r. WILLI.iliS of illinois: P etition of J. G. Brill Post, fices to end the war between England· and the 'Boer Republic-to No. 594, and Enfield Post, No. 178, Grand Army of the Republic. the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Department of lllinois, for investigation of the administration of By Mr. STEELE~ Petition of C. C. Lyons and others, citizens the Bureau of P.ension.s-to the Committee on Rules. of Fairmount and Marion, Ind., in favor of the enactment of the By Mr. WOODS: Resolutions of San Francisco Labor Council Lacey bill for the protection of game animals-to the Committee and Sacramento Typographical Union, No. 46, favoring the exten on Agriculture. .sion of the Chin-ese-exclusion act-to the Committee on Foreign Also, resolutions of Cigar Makers' Union No. 4Q2, of Quaker Affairs. town, Pa., and of International Association of Machinists No. Also, resolution of the Riyerside Fruit Exchange, Riverside, 150, of Huntington, Ind., favoring a reena-ctment of the Chinese Cal: f avoring an amendment to House bill 10845, governing the exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. importation of trees. etc.-to the Committee on AgTiculture. Also~ resolutions of Carpenters and Joiners' Union No. 598, of By Mr. ZENOR: Petition of Mrs. Kate Shuck, Emma Baxley,
Wabash, Ind., and of Iron Molders' Union No. 357, of :Montpelier, Mrs. Ilfaggie Thomas, and 60 others1 of Corydon, Ind., favoring Ind., favoring an educational rest for admission of immigrants an amendment to the Constitution defining legal marriage to be to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. monogamic-to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. SUTHERLAND: Petitions of LeatherWorker.s' Union No. 78, of Salt Lake City, and Broom Makers' Union No . .38, of Ogden, Utah, for the restriction of immigration-to the Oommit- SENATE. · tee on Immigration and N atlfralization. · Also! resolution of Commercial Club of Salt Lake City, .and TUESDAY, March 4, 1902. Ogden Lodge, 127, Ogden, Utah, International Association of No. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. :Machinists, for the building of war Yessels in the United States The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's navy-yards-to'the Committee on Naval .Affairs. 'Proceedings, when, on request of :Mr. SCOTT, and by unanimous Also, petitions of citizens of Millville, Utah, asking for an oonsent, the further reading was dispensed with. amendment to the Constitution defining legal marriage-to the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Journal, without objec Committee on the Judiciary. tiDn, will stand approved. Also, resolutions of Ogden Lodge, No. 127; Typographical Union No. 236, of Ogden; Tailors' Union No. 59, and Cigar Makers' WITHDR.A.W .A.L OF PUBLIC LANDS. Union No. 224, of Salt Lake City, Utah, advocating extension of The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a commu Chinese-exclusion act-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. nication from the Secretary of the Interim·, transmitting, in re Also, resolutions of various labor organizations of Salt Lake .sponae to a resolution of January 23 H)02, a letter from the Com City and Ogden, Utah, favoring the construction of naval vessels missioner of the General Land Office, inclosing a list of lands at Government navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. withdrawn by order of the Commissioner of the General Land 2344 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. - MARCH 4, -
Office and stating the causes for which such withdrawals were Mr. GAMBLE presented the petitions of E. G. Johnson and 50 made; which, with the accompanying papers, was referred to the other citizens of Hartford, of Oscar Gusarson and 58 other citi Committee on Public Lands, and ordered to be printed. zens of Brandon, and of V. A. Wood and 50 other citizens of EXCISE BOARD OF DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Dell Rapids, all in the State of South Dakota, praying for the The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com passage of the so-called Grout bill to regulate _the manufac munication from the Commissioners of the District of Columbia, ture and sale of oleomargarine; which were ordered to lie on the transmitting a report of the operations of the excise board of the table. District of Columbia for the license year ending October 31, 1901; Mr. HOAR presented petitions of Bricklayers' Local Union No. which, with the accompanying paper, was referred to the Com 12, of Lynn; of Journeymen Plumbers' Local Union No. 92, of mittee on the District of Columbia, and ordered to be printed. Fitchburg; of Journeymen Bakers and Confectioners' Local Union No. 182, of Lynn, and of Stone Masons' Local Union No. 29, of SCHOONER BETSEY AND LUCY. Worcester, all in the State of Massachusetts, praying for the re The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com enactment of the Chinese-exclusion law; which were referred to munication from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, trans the Committee on Imnrigration. · mitting the conclusions of fa-ct and of law filed under the act of He also presented a petition of Journeymen Barbers' Local January 20, 1885, in the French spoliation claims, set out in the Union No. 238, American Federation of Labor, of Brockton, .Mass., findings by the court relating to the vessel schooner Betsey and Lucy, praying for the enactment 'of legislation authorizing the construc Joseph Crown, master; which, with the accompanying paper, was tion of war vessels in the navy-yards of the country; which was referred to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be printed. referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. SENATORS FROM IOWA. Mr. McCUMBER presented the petition of P. J. Beltz and sun The PRESIDENT pro tempore presented the credentials of dry other citizens of Buxton, N.Dak., praying for the passage of WILLIAM B. ALLISON, chosen by the legislature of the State of Iowa the so-called Grout bill to regulate the manufacture and sale of a Senator from that State for the term beginning March 4, 1903; oleomargarine; which was ordered to lie on the table. which were read, and ordered to be filed. He also presented a petition of the North Dakota Retail Gro The PRESIDENT pro tempore presented the credentials of cers and General Merchants' Convention, praying for the adop JoNATHAN P. DoLLIVER, chosen by the legislature of the State of tion of a penny postage system; which was referred to the Com Iowa a Senator from that State for the remainder of the term mittee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. beginning March 4, 1901; which were read, and ordered to be filed. Mr. FAIRBANKS presented the petitions of Theodore Sorg :Mr. STEWART. Mr. President-- and sundry other citizens of Fort Wayne; of William R. Wil Mr. PETTUS. I desire to inquire whether it is not necessary liams and sundry other citizens of Economy; of Peter Soller, of for the newly elected Senator to be sworn. . Shelbyville; of A. A. J. Pickens and sundry other citizens of Cham The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair is of opinion that bersburg; of Zach Taylor and sundry other citizens or-Washing it will be necessary whenever he comes in. The junior Senator ton; of Herman Kresel and sundry o~her citizens of Westville; from Iowa is not in the Chamber at present. of M. E. Lindenman and sundry other citizens of Mishawaka; of Mr. DOLLIVER was subsequently escorted to the Vice-President's A. L. Miller and sundry other citizens of Thayer; of F. A. Arend, desk by Mr. ALLISON, and the oath prescribed by law having been of Osgood; of A. Worley and sundry other citizens of Palmyra; administered to him, he took his seat in the Senate. of the Farmersburg Cooperative Creamery and sundry citizens of Farmersburg; of 0. R. Werking and sundry other citizens of PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. Hagerstown; of Joseph Berg and sundry other citizens of Klaas Mr. BURTON presented petitions of sundry citizens of Cen ville; of George Bachtel and sundry other citizens of Wakrusa; tralia, Humboldt, Topeka, Sego, Dover, Detroit, Victor, Olsburg, of the Cumberland Cooperative Creamery Company and sundry Lehigh, Cedarvale, Bridgeport, Moundridge, Wilson, Marysville, citizens of Cumberland; of John Stipp and sundry other citizens Ransom, Coffeyville, Durham, Claflin,· McCracken, Hoyt, Lucas, of Clear Creek; of Jason W. Newby and sundry other citizens of Conway Springs, Peabody, Michigan Valley, Odin, Pontiac, Hart Spiceland; of T. R. Tucker and sundry other citizens of Salem; ford, Page, Kirwin, 1'ecumseh, Mound City, Day, Hutchinson, of L. Caplan and sundry other citizens of Salamoniac; of H: E. Industry, Oskaloosa, Gaylord, Lawrence, Osborne, Augusta, Den Van Norman and sundry other citizens of Lafayette, and John mark, McPherson, Abilene, Hillsboro, Downs, Rosehill, Man Hall and sundry other citizens of Lucerne, all in the State of In chester and Clifton~ all in the State of Kansas, praying for the diana; of the Milk Shippers' Union, of Chicago, Til., and of the passage of the so-called Grout bill, to regulate the manufacture legislature of the State of Minnesota, praying for the passage of and sale of oleomargarine; which were ordered to lie on the table. the so-called Grout bill, to regulate the manufacture and sale of Mr. SCOTT presented petitions of sundry citizens of Whiteday, oleomargarine; which were ordered to lie on the table. St. Albans, Reedy, and Davis, all in the State of West Virginia, Mr. CARMACK. I present a joint resolution of the legislature praying for the reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion law; which of Tennessee; favoring the election of United States Senators·by were referred to the Committee on Immigration. popular vote. I ask that the joint 1·esolution be printed in the He also presented petitions of sundry citizens of Spring Gap, RECORD, and referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elec- Wadestown, and Antioch, all in the State of West Virginia, pray tions. · ing for the passage of the so-called Grout bill, to regulate the The joint resolution was referred to the Committee on Priv manufacture and sale of oleomargarine; which-were ordered to ileges and Elections, and ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as lie on the table. follows: Mr. QUARLES presented a memorial of sundry citizens of Bayfield, Wis., remonstrating against the repeal of the anticanteen Senate joint resolution No. 4.0. Whereas a large number of State legislatures-have at various times adopted law; which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. memorials and resolutions in favor of election of United States Senators by He also presented a petition of the Board of Trade of La Crosse, popular vote; and _ Wis., praying fo1· the enactment of legislation providing for the Whereas the National House of Representatives has on four separate occa sions, within recent years, adopted resolutions in favor of this proposed establishment of a national park in the Leech Lake Indian Reser change in the method of electmg United States Sena.tors, which was not vation, in the State of Minnesota; which was referred to the adopted by the Senate; and · Committee on Indian Affairs. · Whereas Article V of the Constitution of the United States provides that Congress, on the application of the legislatures of two-thirds of the several He also presented petitions of Cigar Makers' Local Union No. States, shall call a convention for proposin,g amendments, and believing there 182 of Madison; of Boot and Shoe Workers' Local Union No. 284, is a g_eneral desire upon the part of the citizens of the State of Tennessee that · of janesville; of Cigar Makers' Local Union No. 329, of Fond du the United States Senators should be elected by a direct vote of the people: Lac; of Coopers' Local Union No. 46, of West Superior; of Cigar Therefore, be it Resolved- by the senate. the house conctwring, That the general assembly of Makers' Local Union No. 25, of Milwaukee; of Marine Council the State of Tennessee favors the adoption of an amendm:ent to the Constitu No.1, of Milwaukee, and of the Federated Trades Council of Mil tion which shall provide for the election of United States Senators by popu lar vote, and joins with other States of the Union in respectfully r equestmg waukee, all of the American Federation of Labor, in the State of that a convention be called for the purpose of proposing an amendment io Wisconsin, praying for the reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion the Constitution of the United States, as provided in article 5 of the said Con law; which were referred to the Committee on Immigration. stitution, which amendment shall provide for a change in the present method of electing United States Senators, so that they can be chosen in each State He also presented petitions of the Trades and Labor Council of by a direct vote of the people. Racine; of Machinists' Local Union No. 451, of Oshkosh; of Car Resolved, That a copy of this resolution and application to Congress for the penters' Local Union No. 657, of Sheboygan: of Retail Clerks' calling of a convention be sent to the secretary of state of ea-ch State of the Protective Union No. 375, of Marinette, all of the American United States, and that a similar copy be sent to the President of the United States Senate and to the Speaker of the House of Representatives. Federation of Labor, and of Henry C. Jebel Post, No. 175, De Adopted March 20, 1901. · partment of Wisconsin, Grand Army of the Republic, of Bir NEWTON H. WHITE, namwood, all in the State of Wisconsin, praying for the enact Speaker of the Senate. ment of legislation authorizing the construction of war vessels in E. B. WILSON, Speaker of tl!e HO'U8e, the navy-yards-of the country; which were 1·eferred tq the Com Approved, March f!l, 1901. mittee on Naval Affairs. BENTON MoMILLIN, Governor, 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2345
THE STATE OF TENNESSEE, Seamen's Union, International Seamen's Union, of Marine. City, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA., Mich.; of the Lake Seamen's Union, International Seamen's Unioni State of Tennessee, ss: of Cleveland, Ohio; of the Lake Seamen's Union, Internationa I John W. Morton, secretary of state of the State of Tennessee, do hereby Seamen's Union, of Milwaukee, Wis.; of the Tonawanda Branch certifY that the foregoing is a full, true, and correct copy of senate j.oint reso of the Lake Seamen's Union, International Seamen's Union, of lution No. 40, of the fifty-second legislature of the State of Tennessee. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set mr, hand and affixed the great New York City; of the Pacific Coast Marine Firemen's Union, seal of the State of Tennessee. Done at Nashville, the capital, this 18th day International Seamen's Union, of San Francisco, Cal.; of the Sea of April, A. D.1901. men's Union, International Seamen's Union, of Toledo, Ohio, and [sEAL.] JOHN W. MORTON, Secretary of State. of the Lake Seamen's Union, International Seamen's Union, of Ashtabula, Ohio, praying for the reenactment of the Chinese Mr. WARREN presented a petition of Local Division No. 128, exclusion law; which were referred to the Committee on Immi Order of Railway Conductors, of Cheyenne, Wyo., praying for gratieu. the enactment of legislation providing an educational test for the Mr. HANNA presented petitions of 48 citizens of Utica; 96 citi restriction of immigration to this country; which was referred to zens of Cleveland; 60 citizens of Monroeville; 18 citizens of Gusta the Committee on Immigration. vus; 97 citizens of Creston; 16 citizens of College Hill: 157, citizens He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Lusk, Wyo., of Northfield; 19 citizens of Gustavus; 196 dtizens ;f davannah; praying for the adoption of an amendment to the Constitution to 110 citizens of Wellsville; 57 citizens of College Hill; 'a93 citizens prohibit polygamy; which was referred to the Committee on the of Liberty and Blanchard; 35 citizens of Delhi; 116 citizens of Judiciary. Franklin; 20 citizens of Wellsville; 36 citizens of Bridgeport; 21 • Mr. PENROSE presented petitions of 47 citizens of Springsboro, citizens of Greenville; 30 citizens of Zanesville; -20 citizens of Ox 26 citizens of Wescosville, 47 citizens of Balfour, 46 citizens of ford; 36 citizens of Duncan Falls; 110 citizens of Zanesville; 25 Sassamansville, 46 citizens of Conneautville, 47 citizens of Bed citizens of Cincinnati; 130 citizens of Franklin; 94 citizens of ford, 63 citizens of Font, 45 citizens of Kittanning, 41 citizens of Bridgeport; 104 citizens of Zanesville; 20 citizens of Greenville; Sturtevant, 47 citizens of Moscow, 23 citizens of Hayes Grove, 44 10 citizens of Oxford; 52 citizens of Duncan Falls; 19 citizens of citizens of Mount Chestnut, 45 citizens of Eldred, 29 citizens of Humboldt, Fruitdale, and Greenfield; 22 citizens of South Salem, Doe Run, 41 citizens of Pomeroy, 47 citizens of Keister, 48 citi Harpers, and Lyndon; 21 citizens of Cincinnati; 20 citizens of zens of Spring Forge, 12 citizens of New Sheffield, 47 citizens of Gravel Bank; 41 citizens of Zanesville; 19 citizens of Oxford; 24 Sparta, 46 citizens of Doylestown, 46 citizens of Niantic, and 113 citizens of Kingsville; 23 citizens of Madisonville; 127 citizens of citizens of Mastersonville, all in the State of Pennsylvania, pray St. Marys; 25 citizens of Cincinnati; 90 citizens of Youngstown; ing for the passage of the so-called Grout bill, to regulate the 43 citizens of Lorain; 32 citizens of Wooster; 44 citizens of Burg manufacture and sale of oleomargarine; which were ordered to hill; 42 citizens of Vernon and Burghill; 10 citizens of Cincinnati; lie on the table. 35 citizens of St. Marys; of the Woman:s Missionary Society of He also presented petitions of Carpenters and Joiners' Local Jamestown; of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Union No. 409, of Erie; of Bakers and Confectioners' Local Union Edenton; of the National Christian Endeavor Convention, of Cin No.132, of Lancaster; of Machinists' Local Union No. 16, of Har cinnati; the Epworth League of the Third Avenue Methodist risburg; of Federal Local Union No. 167, of Meadville, all of the Episcopal Church, of Coluinbus; the Christian Endeavor Society American Federation of Labor, and of. John A. Weiner's Post, of the Broad Street Presbyterian Church, of Columbus; the Pres No.429,Department of Pennsylvania, Grand Armyof the Repub b~rian ministry of Dayton; the Federation of Young Peoples' lic, of Lebanon, all in the State of Pennsylvania, praying for the Societies of Columbus; the Young Peoples' Society of Christian enactment of legislation autho.rizing the construction of war ves Endeavor of the South Congregational Church, of Columbus; of sels in the navy-yards of the country; which were referred to the the congregations of the Presbyterian Church of New Concord; Committee on Naval Affairs. the First Presbyterian Church of Wooster; the Westminster He also presented.petitions of sundry citizens of Covode, Barnes Presbyterian Church, of Wooster; the Olivet Presbyterian Church~ boro, and Pittsburg, all in the State of Pennsylvania, praY'i:ug for of Columbus; the First Presbyterian Church of Kingsman; the the adoption of an amendment to. the Constitution to prohibit Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church, the Grace United Brethren polygamy; which were referred to the Committee on the Judi Church, the Memorial English Lutheran Church, and the First ciary. . Christian Church, of Columbus, and of the United Presbyterian He also presented petitions of the Bricklayers and Masons' Lo Church, the Methodist Episcopal Church, the First Presbyterian cal Unign No. 16, of York; of the Cigar Makers' Local Union Church, and the United Presbyterian Church, of Cadiz, all of the No. 108, of Lock Haven; of the Journeymen Barbers' Local State of Ohio, praying for the adoption of an amendment to the Union No. 241, of ·Scranton; of the Cork Makers' International Constitution to prohibit polygamy; which were referred to the Union No. 52, of Philadelphia; of Coopers' Local Union No.9, of Committee on the Judiciary. - Philadelphia: of Local Union No. 169, of McAdoo; of Local He also presented petitions of Amalgama,ted Union of Wood Union No. 376, of Roscoe; of Plate Printers' Local Union No.1, ~or~ers ~o. 134, of Piqua; of Sole Fasteners' Union No. 218, of of Philadelphia; of Local Union No. 248, of Fayette; of Local Cincmnatl; of International Broom Makers' Union No. 4, of Union No. 1787, of Fayette; of Leather Workers' Union No. 32, Hamilton; of Carriage and Wagon Workers' Union No. 16 of of Fremont; of the Iron and Steel Workers' Local Union No. Colu~bus; - o~ Machinists' Union N<;>. 80, of Newark; of Typo 9249, of Pottstown; of Newspap@r Writers' Local Union No. 11, graphical Umon No. 199, of Zanesville; of Iron, Steel, and Tin of Philadelphia; of Coal Miners' Local Union No. 1826, of Can ·Workers' Union No. 31, of Cleveland; of Cigar Makers' Union onsburg; of Local Union No. 1572, of Lansford; of Amalgamated No. 152, of Youngstown; of Watch Engravers' International As Sheet Metal Workers' Local Union No. 146, of Easton; of Local sociation No. 3, of Canton; of Chain Makers' Union No. 4, of Union No. 761, of Webster; of Cigar Makers' International Union Columbus; of Wood Workers' Union No. 134, of Piqua; of Press No. 104, of Pottsville; of Bakers and Confectioners' Local Union Assistants' Union No. 17, of Cincinnati; of Carriage and Wagon No. 132, of Lancaster; of Typographical Union No. 77, of Erie; Workers' Union No. 70, of Toledo; of Steam Fitters' Union No. of Paving Cutters' Local Union No. 7; of Gray Station; of Amer 261, of Lorain; of United Brotherhood of Carpenters No. 557, of ican Tin Workers' Local Union No. 10, of New Kensington; of Toled<;>; of Ir?n Molders' Union No. 151, of Bellaire; of Typo Local Union No. 1262, of Monongahela; of Boiler Makers' Local graphical Umon No.5, of Columbus; of Pressfeeders' Union No. Union No. 147,of Reading; of Retail Clerks' Local Union No. 61, 10, of Zanesville; of Painters' Union No. 102, of Cleveland· of of Easton; of Iron and Steel Workers' LoGal Union No. 8610, of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers' Union, Cataract Lodge, No.2, of Lebanon; of Local Union No. 51, of Monongahela; of Cigar Cleveland; of Federal Labor Union No. 8811, of Sandusky· of Makers' Local Union No. 295. of Scranton; of Bricklayers, Ma Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers' Union, Lewis Avon Lodge, No.' 34 sons, and Plasterers' Local Union No. 47, of Pottsville; of Inter of Martins Ferry; of Journeymen Tailors' Union No. 166 of To~ national Association of Machinists, Loeal Union No. 159, of Phil ledo; of Roisters and Engineers Association of Longsho~emen's adelphia; of Journeymen, Barbers' Local Union No. 198, of Union No. 132, of Cleveland; of Longshoremen's Union No. 173 Meadville; of Local Union No. 91, of Oil City, all of the Amer of Sandusky; of Retail Clerks' Union No. 12, of Columbus· of ican Federation of Labor; of 21 citizens of Hellertown, 50 citi Carpenters' Union No.2, of Cincinnati; of Clothing Cutters ~nd zens of Johnstown, 43 citizens of Kutztown, and 27 citizens of Trimmers' Union No.lOO, of Cincinnati; of Cigar Makers' Union Bradys Bend, all in the State of Pennsylvania; of Typographical No. 96,ofAkron; ofStationaryEngineers'UnionNo.10,ofToledo· Union No. 36, of Oakland; of Ship and Machine Blacksmiths' of Cigar Makers' Union No. 86, of Mansfield; of Plumbers' Unio~ Local Union No. 168, of San Francisco; of Local Union No. 148, No. 97, of Springfield; of Electrieal Workers' Union No. 118, of Day of Vallejo; of the Iron Ship Builders' Union of Vallejo; of the ton; of Pattern Makers' Association, of Cincinnati; of Pattern Mak Federated Trades Council of San Jose; of Cigar M:tkers' Local ers' League, of Dayton; of Iron Molders' Union No. 143, of Mount Union No. 225, of Los Angeles, and of Local Union No. 64, of Vernon; of Beer Bottlers' Union No. 147, of Columbus; of Car San Francisco, all of the American Federation of Labor, in the penters' Union No. 11, of Cleveland; of Longshoremen's Union State of California; of the Journeymen Barbers' Union No. 215, No. 154, of Conneaut; of United Brotherhood of Carpenters No. American Federation of Labor, of Omaha, Nebr.; of the Lake 61, of Columbus; of Boiler Makers' Union No. 259, of Lima; of 2346 CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-SENATE. MAROH 4,
Longshoremen's Union No. 99, of .Ashtabula· of Boot and Shoe Council of Hamilton; of Longshoremen s Union No. 167, of Workers' Union No. 268, of Harslnnan.; of Carriage Trimmers Huron; of Carpentel' Union No. 576, of Cincinnati; of Iron Univn No. 38, of Cincinnati; Qf Boiler Makers Union No. 135,of Molders' Union, No. 352, of Bucyrus; of Brotherhood of Leather Chillicothe~ of International Machinists' Union No. 233, of Cleve Workers of Marietta; of Coopers' Union No. 6~ of Toledo; of land; of Central Labor Union of Bowling Green; of Iron Mold N tional BrotherhoQ{l of Operative Potters' Union No. 31, of ers' Uniou No. 98, of Columbus; of Bartenders' Union No. 216, cf East Palestine; of InternationalAs ociatlonof Machinists' Union Toledo· of Central Labor Union of Toledo; .of Eleeb'ical Work No. 4.07, of Canton; of German American Typographical U~ion ers' Union No. 178 of Canton; of Trades and Labor A sembly of o. 2, of Cincinnati; of Journeymen Tailors' Union No. 155, of andusky; of Dish Makers' Union No~ 29, of East Liverpool; of Cincinnati; of Brewer'"'' Union No. 46, of Canton; of Stationary Iron Molders' Union No. 32-8, of Crestline; of Tra.des and Labor Firemen' Union No.2, of Toledo; of Musicians' Union No. 24, of AMembly,
Heal a introdooed a bill (S. 4300) to a.mend eetion4386 of the $3 t500 to ~000, intended to he proposed by hlm to the diplomatic Revised Statute of the United States, striking out ·twenty-eight and con ular appropriation. bill; which was referred to tbe Com consecutive hours" and' twenty-sighthours' and inserting' 'forty mittee on Foreign Relati Mr. PROCTOR. Mr. President, other religious bodies have Porto R!co, Alaska, the Philippine Islands, Guam, and its other noncontigu- been permitted for a great many years to do this same thing. ous territory. . There are Catholic churches on military reservations, all by revo The amendment was agreed to. cable rights, just as this proposes, and in some cases the licenses The next amendment was, after the word "territory," in line have been revoked to the extent that the location has been changed 1, page 2, to strike out the words "not contiguous to the United where the ground was required for military purposes. I see no States which is or shall be controlled by the United States." possible harm in it. It is especially used for the social and phys The amendment was agreed to. ical features. They conduct no religious services whatever. Mr. TELLER. I wish to inquire what bill this is. I have just :Mr. HOAR. I do not object to that, of coilrse. come into the Chamber from committee work. Mr. PROCTOR. It is, one might say, an innocent amusement The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It is a bill to obtain custom hall for the benefit of the soldiers. It is entirely under the con house statistics in outlying territories, desired by the Statistical trol of the Secretary of War at any time, and is revocable by Bureau. license. Mr. TELLER. What committee does it come from. M:r. HOAR. I was thinking of moving to insert the words "or The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Committee on Commerce. to any other religious association that he may approve,'' but on the . Mr. BACON. What was that amendment, if I may be par statement of my honorable friend, which we all, of course, would doned for asking? trust that it is not intended to make this an exclusive privilege- The SECRETARY. On page 2, lines 1, 2, and 3, strike out after lli. PROCTOR. Not at all. the word "territory" the following: Mr. HOAR. But other bodies reasonably equipped and reason Not contiguoYS to the United States which·is or shall be controlled by the ably certain to carry out the work would be likely to have the United States. same privilege- Mr. BACON. That is not the amendment I refer to. It is the Yr. PROCTOR. They have had it for years. prior amendment, in reference to the Philippines. Mr. HOAR. I will not interpose. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendment will be again The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to the pres read. ent consideration of the bill? . The SECRETARY. Add at the end of the bill the following pro There being no objection, the bill was considered as in Com VISO: Provided, That this law shall not apply in the Philippine Islands during mittee of the Whole. such time as the collectors of customs of those islands are under the juris- Mr. HALE. I presume the Senator will have no objection diction of the War DepartmE.\nt. . after the words "authority is hereby given to the Secretary of The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The War Department is gath-· War " to insert " in his discretion." I presume he will exercise ering the statistics now and communicating them to the Treasury it, but it may be claimed that the act does not give that authority. Department. Mr. PROCTOR. There is no objection to that · amendment Mr. BACON. The provision is made on the .ground that it is· whatever. · unnecessary? Mr. HALE. I think that helps it. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Yes, sir. The next amend The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendment of the com- ment of the Committee on Commerce will be stated. mittee will first be stated. • The SECRETARY. In line 5 strike out the word "the," in the The SECRETARY. In line 4, after the word "permission," in center of the line, and insert" other parts of the;" so as to read: sert the words "by revocable license." and shall also govern in the trade conducted between said island and terri The amendment was agreed to. tory, and in shipments from said islands or territory to other parts o:t the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Maine of Umted States. - fers an amendment, which will be read. The amendment was agreed to. The SECRETARY. In line 3, after the word" War," insert "in The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend- his discretion." ments were concurred in. - · The amendment was agreed to. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend- the third time, and passed. . ments were concurred in. · The title was amended so as to read: "A bill to facilitate the The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, ·read procurement of statistics of trade between the United States and. the third time, and passed. its noncontiguous territory." STAT{STICS OF TRADE. ALPHONSO M. POTVIN. The bill (S. 918) for the relief of Alphonso M. Potvin was an Mr. HALE. Now, let the Secretary announce the first bill on nounced as next in order on the Calendar. the Calendar. · ·· :Mr. WARREN. I ask that that may be passed over as it is The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Calendar, under Rule VIII, included in the claims bill. . . . ' - is in order. The occupant of the chair asks that a bill which has The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without prejudice? been passed over at his request, being Senate bill2479, be consid Mr. WARREN. Without prejudice. . ered, it having been understood that where bills were passed over The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be passed over. at any time they could be called up. Mr. CARMACK. What was the request of he Senator from MILLE LAC CHIPPEWA INDIANS. Maine? Mr. NELSON. The other day the bill (S. 590) for the relief of Mr. HALE. That we proceed with the Calendar. The first the Mille Lac Chippewa Indians, in the State of Minnesota went Calendar number is 376. over at the request of the Senator from Connecticut [Mr. PLATT]. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. This bill was passed over at a I ask unanimous consent that it may be taken up now. It is a former time, without prejudice, local bill and the Senator from Connecticut, at whose request it Mr. HALE. There is no objection to going back to it. went over, is now here. . The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to con The Senate as in Colillilittee of the Whole proceeded to consider sider the bill (S. 2479) to facilitate the procurement of statistics the bill, which had been reported from the Committee on Indian of trade between the United States and noncontiguous territory Affairs with an amendment. over which it exercises control, which had been reported from the Mr. C9CKRE~L. I should like to ask the Sen!l'tor in charge Committee on Commerce with amendments. of the bill what 1s to become of the land upon which the Indian The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Committee on Commerce improvements are now and which are to be paid for? Who will instructed the occupant of the Chair to offer an amendment to get the benefit of those improvements? · come in at the end of the bill. The amendment will be read: Mr. NELSON. Unfortunately these lands have already been The SECRETARY. It is proposed to add at the end of the bill the taken by homestead settlers, and the Indians are remaining there following proviso: without any title at all. They are squatters. They lost the land Pwvided, That this law shall not apply in the Philippine Islands during years ago, and this is to give them pay for their improvements such time as the collectors of customs of those islands are under the juris and remove them to the White Earth Reservation. diction of the War Department. Mr. COCKRELL. And to donate the improvements to the set The amendment was agreed to. tlers? The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendments of the Com Mr. NELSON. The settlers have ah·eady homestead entries on mittee on Commerce will be stated in their order. the lands. The SECRETARY. On page 2, line 1, strike out the word ''other '' Mr. COCKRELL. Do they get the improvements? Do they and insert in lieu "its other-noncontiguous," so as to· read: go and settle upon the lands where the Indians had their build That the_provisions of sections 4197 to 4200, inclusive, of the Revised Stat ings and improvements upon them? utes of the United Sta.tef', requiring statements of quantity and value of goods Mr. NELSON. The settlers took homesteads there, and carried by vessels clearing from the United States to forei9:n ports, shall be the extended to and go-vern, under such r egulations as the :secretary of the Indians remained squatting on the land. They had made im.~ Treasury shall prescribe, in the trade between the United States and Hawaii, provements before that time. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. -2349 Mr. COCKRELL. Do I understand that the settlers went and service under circumstances which rendered the Government lia made homesteads on the land where the Indians were occupying ble for their full value under the statutes relating to them. Upon them, with buildings upon them? ·· presentation of the claims of the owners of the boats, and upon Mr. NELSON. Yes; and those homesteads have been approved satisfactory evidence of the liability of the Government and the by the Land Office. value of the boats, the Auditor and Comptroller deducted from Mr. COCKRELL. Were they Indian lands before? the value so found the amount which had been previously paid to Mr. NELSON. No; they were supposed to be Indian lands, the owners by the insurance companies under the policies of in but they were not. By an old treaty, in 1867, they were ceded to surance. Subsequently the insurance companies filed claims, the United States absolutely, but with one condition, that the claiming that they were entitled to be subrogated to the rights of Indians could remain and occupy the lands as long as they were the owners of the steamboats for that portion of the value of the well-behaved. boats which the accounting officers had deducted in settlement The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendment will be stated. with the owners. The amendment was in section 2, on page 2, line 4, before the It further appears that the Attorney-General had given an word" thousand," to strike out" twenty-five" and insert" fifty;" epinion (Opinions of the Attorney-General, vol. 13, p. 182) that so as to make the bill read: insurance companies were entitled to be subrogated to the rights · Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized of the owners of steamboats lost in the military service when a.nd empowered, through such agent or a~ents as he may appoint therefor, to the companies had paid the insurance on the boats so lost. He cause to be investigated,~xamined, ana appraised all the improvements made by the 111ille Lac Inaians, or any of them, upon the lahds occupied by refers in his opinion to several decisions of the Supreme Court in them on said Mille Lac Indian Reservation in the State of Minnesota. And support of his position. Under this opinion and decisions of the when such investigation, examination, and appraisal has been approved and courts the accounting officers made the awards in favor of the allowed by the Secretary of theinterior,he isherebyauthorizedanddirected to pay to said Indians, upon the condition of their removing from said Mille claims embraced in the pending bill, and they were reported to Lac Reservation, the amount of the compensation appraised and allowed, as Congress. The papers are all here, and, if necessary, parts of aforesaid. them may be read. SEc. 2. That the sum of $51),000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, is herebr appropriated, out of any money in the Treasur-y not otherwise The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered approprmted, to pay the amount appraised and allowed to srud Indians under to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. the provisions of th£> foregoing section. SEc. 3. That the said Indians, upon removing from said Mille Lac Reserva CHAUNCEY M. LOCKWOOD. tion. shall be permitted to take up their residence and obtain allotments in The bill (S. 925) for the relief of the legal representatives of severalty, either on the White Earth Reservation or on any of the ceded In dian reservations in the State of Minnesota on which allotments are made to Chauncey M. Lockwood was announced as next in order. Indians. . Mr. WARREN. I ask that the bill be passed over. Mr. ALLISON. I think the Senator from Minnesota ought to The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be passed over state some reason why.the amount is doubled. without prejudice. Mr. NELSON. That is the recommendation of the Committee PUBLIC BUILDING AT DURHAM, N. C. on Indian Affairs. The bill was originally for $25,000, but the The bill (S. 2897) providing for the erection of a public building committee thought that was not sufficient and that a larger mar in the city of Durham, N. C., was considered as in CoiiUn!ttee of gin was needed. I am not responsible for the amendment of the the Whole. It proposes to appropriate $100,000 to enable the committee; they recommended it. It was their opinion, after Secretary of the Treasury to purchase or acquire by condemna consulting the Indian authorities, that the amount should be in tion proceedings a site for a building to be erected thereon, and creased to $50,000 .· to cause to be erected at the city of Durham, N.C., a suitable The amendment was agreed to. building for the use and a.ccommodation of the United States The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend courts, revenue office, post-office, and other Government offices ment was eoncurred in. in that city~ with fireproof vaults extending to each story. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered the third time, and passed. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time,and passed. STATUS OF BILLS PASSED OVER. G. H. SOWDER. Mr. HOAR. Mr. President, I rise to a parliamentary inquiry. The bill (S. 1928) for the relief of G. H. Sowder was considered I understand that bills which are passed over without prejudice as in Committee of the Whole. It directs the Secretary of the may be called up by a Senator at any time when the Calendar is Treasury to pay to G. H. Sowder, of Pineville, Bell County, Ky., under consideration. administrator of the estate of B. H. Sowder, deceased, fai.Jiug mail The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair so understands. contractor, $567.77, the amount due to the estate of B. H. Sowder, JERONEMUS S. UNDERHILL. .as shown by the records of the Auditor's Office for the Post-Office The bill (8. 208) for the relief of Jeronemus S. Underhill was Department. announced as next in order. The bill was reported totheSenatewithout amendment ~ ordered Mr. WARREN. I ask that the bill be passed over for the time to be engrossed for a third,reading, r-ead the third tiip.e, and-passed. being. LARABEE & ALLEN. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It will be passed over without The bill (S. 1024) for the relief of Larabee & Allen was an prejudice. nounced as next in order. TREASURY SETTLEMENTS. Mr. --WARREN. I ask that that bill may be passed over with- The bill (S. 2604) to pay certain Treasury settlements was con- out prejudice. sidered as in Committee of the Whole. It directs the Secretary j Mr. COCKRELL. I should like to ask if that bill has also been of the Treasury to pay the following Treasury settlements: included in-the omnibus claims bill? To the Magnolia. Fire and Marine :t;nsura.nce Company of Cincinnati, Mr. WARREN. This bill and the other bills I have asked to Charles Hofer, receiver, for amount pa14 to owners of steamer Neptune, have passed over are in the omnibus claims bill and therefore I ~,[email protected] (No. 432; settlement 5318 of 1885). h uld lik t h th · d f h ' To Charles Hofer, receiver of the Magnolia Fire and Marine Insurance s o e o ave em passe. over or t e present. Company.of Cincinnati, for moneys paid to the owners of the steamer Forest :Mr. COCKRELL. I should like to have that fact stated-so that Qttmt, $.'3,000 CHARLES HURRLE. by ·striking out the VfOX:ds "N?rtJ;lw est Point Royal Shoal ~ght st!'Ltio:z:., North Carolina: "ll'or rebuilding this light-house., $00,000," and l.ll.Sert.mg m place J.Ir. WARREN. The Senate passed over yesterday the bill thero::>f the following: (S. 2122) for the relief of Charles Hurrle. A similar bill has ' For rebuilding the light-house now at Northwest Point Royal Shoal, North Carolina, at a. point on or near Bluff Shoal, Pamlico Sound, North passed the House of Representati-ves and been referred to the Carolina, $30,000." Committee on Claims. I now wish to report that bill and sub The amendment was agreed to. · stitute it for the Senate bill. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend Mr. COCKRELL. Oh, no. You want to have the House bill ment was concurred in. passed and have the Senate bill postponed indefinitely. The amendme,nt was ordered to be engrossed and the bill to be Mr. WARREN. I say, I want to have the House bill passed in read a third time. · lien of the Senate bill now on the Calendar. The bill was read the third time, and passed. :Mr. COCKRELL. That is right . The title was amended so as to read: ''A bill to amend an act Mr. WARREN. I now report from the Committee on "Claims entitled 'An act making appropriations for sundry civil expenses the bill (H. R. 7035) for the relief of Charles Hurrle, and I ask of the Government for the fisc-al year ending June 30, 1902, and unanimous consent for its present consideration. for other purposes,' approved March 3, 1901.'' There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to consider the bilL It directs the Secretary PORT OF ENTRY AT GREAT FALLS.! MONT. of the Treasury to pay Charles Hnrrle, late of Troop E, Sixth The bill (S. 3746) to amend section 2593 of the Revised Statutes, United States Cavalry, for extra duty as post interpreter at Fort relating to ports of entry~ was .considered as in Committee of the Apache, Ariz., from Oetober 29, 1879, to :May 4, 1881, inclusive, Whole. It proposes to amend section 2593, Revised Statutes, so at the rate of 50 cents per day, and from May 5, 1881, to June 30, as to read as follows: 1881, inclusive, at the rate of $15 per month. SEc. 2593. There shall be in the States of Montana and Idaho one collection The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or district, as follows: dered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The district of Montana and Idaho to comprise the States of Montana and • The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Order of Business 466, being Idaho, and the port of entry shall be Great Falls, Mont. the bill (S. 2122) for the relief of Charles Hurrle, will be post The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered poned indefinitely in the absence of objection. The Chair hears to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and paS3ed. none, and that order is made. LTh"'DLEY C. KENT AND JOSEPH JENKINS. ' .MONONGAHELA RIVER BRIDGE. The bill (S. 905) fgr the relief of Lindley C. Kent and Joseph The bill (H. R. 5801) to authorize the St. Clair Terminal Rail JenJrins, :as the-sureties-of Fra.nk A. Webb, w.as considered as in road Company to construct and maintain a bridge across the Committee of the Whole. It proposes that Lindley C. Kent and Monongahela River was considered as in Committee of the Whole. Joseph Jenkins, S1ll'eties upon the bond of Frank A. Webb for the The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered faithful performance of his contract for the constructiQn, erection, to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. and delivery of buildings for the new Port Penn light station, L.A. NOYES. Delaware (Fourth light-house district), having by failure on the The bill (S. 3546) for the relief of L. A. Noyes was considered part of said Webb been obliged to complete the contract them as in Committee of the Whole. It provides for the payment of selves for said Webb, but at their own expense, and having by 1,810 to L . A. Noyes for services rendered as acting assistant such unexpected failure of the contractor not only been put to Treasury agent at the island of St. George, Alaska, from August great extra cost in such work, but also been by the terms of the 1, 18 6. t o 1\Iay 30, 1887, inclusi-ve. contract subjected to a very heavy penalty for delayed completion The bill was reported to the Senat e without amendment, ordered of the work, due to Webb's failure and not to any fault of their to be engi'Ossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. own~ a penalty far in .excess of the actual extra expense thereby caused to the United States, be released from so much of the G. B. BRACKETT. penalty as is in exoes The bill was reported from the (X,mmittee on Commerce with Mr. ALLISON. That does not change my opinion at all. Seven an amendment, in line 6, after the word" dollars," to insert: thousand five hundred dollars is a la1-ger sum than I have heard And to carry out the provisions of this act t~e am~unt of ,$7,500 appro of being appropriated for a keeper's dwelling. priated by the act approved July 1, 1898, to establish a lightstatwn a tor near Mr. ELKINS. Let the bill lie over. the north Government pier at South Milwaukee, Lake Michigan, Wisconsin, is hereby made available. Mr. COCKRELL. I suppose it was just convenient to use this $7,500, because it-had been appropriated for a light-house at a So as to make the bill read: certain point where there was no earthly necessity for it. The Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Treasury is hereby authorized to have constructed a light-house keeper's dwelling at Calumet Harbor, Lake authorities refused to expend it there, as there was no necessity Michigan, illinois, at a cost not to exceed the sum of $7,500. And to carry out for a light-house at the pla~e designated, and it is now proposed the provisions of this act the amount of $7,500 appropriated by the act ap to turn it over, all of it in a body, for the dwelling at this place. proved July 1, 189.:!, to establish a light station at or near the north GC?vern Mr. ELKINS. That is a large-sized reflection on the commit ment pier at South Milwaukee, Lake Michigan, Wisconsin, is hereby available. tee. I ask that the bill lie over. Mr. ALLISON. Does that bill merely provide for the construc Mr. BATE. Pardon me. Can not the purpose be reached by tion of a dwelling for a light-house keeper, or does it include saying that so much of the sum heretofore approp1iated as may other things? I did not quite gather the full intent from the be necessary may be used for this purpose,- without saying the reading. whole amount? The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It provides for the construction Mr. ELKINS. "So much as may be necessary." of a keeper's dwelling. Mr. ALLISON. This is a House bill- Mr. COCKRELL. Let the report be read. Mr. COCKRELL. I am not reflecting upon the committee. Mr. ALLISON. A dwelling for a light-house keeper, I thi.J;tk, It is the committee reflecting upon itself. ought to be built for a less sum than $7 ,500; and I move to stnke Mr. ELKINS. You have been interpreting it. out "$7 ,500" and insert "$3,500." :Mr. COCKRELL. I have been reading what the committee Mr. ELKINS. Has that bill been reported by the Committee has reported about its own adion. on Commerce? Mr. ELKINS. I do not remember this bill, but at the same The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It has been. time it is very strongly recommended by the Treasury Depart Mr. ELKINS. It seems to me that we ought to follow the ment. However, I agree with the Senator from Iowa that it is a recommendations of the Secretary of the Treasury in this matter. large sum for a keeper's dwelliug. . The Senator from Michigan [Mr. McMILLAN] who reported the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Iowa [Mr. bill is not in the Chamber, but I will send for him. ALLISON] moves an amendment to stiike out " $7,500 " and insert Mr. BURROWS. The Senator from Illinois [Mr. MASON] re '' $3,500." Without objection, the amendment will be agreed to. ported the bill. Will not another amendment be required? Mr. ALLISON. Mr. President, I only know that as a rule Mr. BATE. I understand the original act made an appropria $3,500 ~s quite an adequate sum for a light-house keeper's dwell- tion of a specific sum. There ought to be something srud in this bill, it seems to me. to show the sum to be appropriated. Seven in~r. ELKINS. I was thinking of another bill, if the Senator thousand five hundred dollars was appropriated heretofore. from Iowa will pardon me. Mr. ALLISON. "Of the sum heretofore approp1iated, $3,500 Mr. ALLISON. Certainly. may be used for this purpose." That is my idea. I do not see Mr. ELKINS. And that is the only reason why I interrupted. why this sum is reapprop1iated when it has not been used for the I was thinking of another bill relating to Michigan. purpose for which it was appropriated. Why should we not ap· Mr. ALLISON. If this includes nothing but a dwelling, it propriate directly enough money to build the dwelling? seems to me $7.500 is a larger sum than is necessary. Mr. COCKRELL. That is the better way. Mr. ELKINS. It is. I agree with the Senator from Iowa. I 1\ir. ALLISON. That would seem to me to be the way to do it, do not remember this bill. I was thinking of one reported by but still I do not want to interfere ioo much. the senior Senator from Michigan [Mr. McMILLAN], but it did The PRESIDENT pro tempore. In line 6 of the amendment, not contain an appropriation for that sum-$7 ,500. after the word " act," the insertion of the words " so much of" The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Will the Senator from Iowa would fix it. allow the report to be read? Mr. COCKRELL . . That would not do, because it would still Mr. ALLISON. Certainly. leave the $7,500 in line 6: The Secretary read the report submitted by Mr. McMILLAN. At a cost not to exceed the sum of $7,500. from the Committee ou Commerce, February 20, 1902, as follows: Strike out "$7,500" and insert" $3,500," and then you have The Committee on Commerce to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 76'i'n) to construct a light-house keepe'r•s dwelling at Calumet Harbor, report the no trouble. same back to the Senate with an amendment and recommend the passage of The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Then disagree to the othe:r thA bill as amended. . . . amendment? The act as it passed the Honse carries n~ approJ?nation, and there IS an Mr. COCKRELL. Yes, and disagree to the other amendment. urgent need for the construction of a keepers dwelling atCa~umetPie1·hoo.d, Lake Michigan, illinois. By the act approved July 1,1898, 81,500 was appro The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendment will be stated. priated to establish a light station at or near the north Government p1er at The SECRETARY. In line 6 it is proposed to strike out' seven" Routh Milwaukee, Lake Michigan, Wisconsin. Tp.e .Light-Ho~se Beard re and insert ';three;" so as to read "$3,500." · ports that there is no apparent necessity for es~blishing such a light at South Milwaukee, o.nd advises that the $?,[:00 appropnated for that Plll1?0se be used The amendment was agreed to. for the light-house keeper's dwelling at Calumet Harbor. The bill has been 1\Ir. COCKRELL. Theu disagree to the committee amendment. amended accordingly. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. If there be no objection, the ameudment reported by the committee will be disagreed to. TREASURY DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, The Chair hears none. · Washington, January 11, 190fJ. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend· Sm: This Department has the honor to acJr:nowl~dge the receip~of a letter from your committee, dated January 8, 1902, mclosmg fo:: suggestiOns a copy ment was coucurred in. of H. R. bill No. 76'75, providing for a light-keeper's dwelling at Calumet Har The amendment was ordered to be engrossed, and the bill to be bor, Lake Michigan, illinois. read a third time. · In reply, the Department begs to state that the :r;natte~·w~ r~ferred to the Li ht-house Board, which reports that the followmg.clippmg f~o~ page 152 The bill was read the third time, and passed. of1ts annual report for 1901 renews the recomme~da.twns made m 1~ annual LIFE-SA. VING STATION A.T BOGUE INLET, NORTH CAROLINA., reports for 1g9.9 and 1!!00 that $7,500 ~e app_roprmted for the erection of a suitable dwelling for the keepers of thiS stat~on: . . The bill (H. R. 61) to authorize the establishment of a life ";.1;;~ . Cal·umet P:erhead, Lake Michigan, Illmow.-Minorrepru.rs were made. saving station at or near Bogue Inlet, North Carolina, was con " The Board in its annual r eport for 1899 stated that- . . . .. ''T'he dwelling is in a deplorable condition, unfit for human habitation.. It sidered as in Committee of the Whole . is estimat:Jd that a new dwelling can be built for ~7,500 , and recommendation Mr. COCKRELL. Let the report in the case be read. is m:tc!.e that an appropriation of ~at amm~nt be made t?erefor.' . The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The report will be read. '".t'he follow:ng recommendatwn made m the Boards annual 1eport for 1900 is renewed: . . The Secretary read the report submitted by Mr. CLAY, from "·The Bnard now recommends that authonty be obtamed from Congress the Committee on Commerce, February 20; 1902, as follows: to use the ~7,500 appropriated by the act approved on July.l, 1898 for esta}J The Committee on Commerce, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 61) to lishing a lignt station at or near the nor tl:l g.overnment p1er at. South Mil authorize the establishing of a life-saving station at or near Bogue Inlet waukee Lake Michiaan v;,ris"onsin, to establish a keeper's dwelling at Calu North Carolina, beg leave to submit the following report and recommend met Pie~ head, as the<>ne ~essity for establishing a ligp.t at South 1\filw~ukee is that said bill do pass without amendment: not now apparent, anu the need of a keeper's dwelling at Calumet Pierhead The report of the Secretary of the Treasury and the report of the General is greater than ever before.' . Superintendent of the Life-Saving Service are hereto attached. • The dwelling is much worse than ever before. It IS urgently recom mended that an appropriation be made of the $7,500 needed to make these TREASURY DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF THE SECRE'XARY, quarters habitable." . . . Th" !)epartme!lt concurs with the Board m thi2 recommendation. Washington, Januw·y 15, 19cn. Sm: I have the honor to acknowledge the receiJ?t of your let~r of the 26th Respectfully, L. J. GAGE, Secretary. ultimo, transmitting House bill No. 61, to authorize the. establishme~.t of a The CHAmMAN Co:MMITTEE ON CoMMERCE, life-saving station at or nea1: Bogue I~et, North Caro~a, a~d asking for United States Senate. suggestions touching the merits of the bill and the propriety of 1ts passage. 1902. OONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2353 In reply I have to state that the matter was referred te the ~neral Super The SECRETARY. In t.he first line of the fifth paragmph, on intendent of the Life-Saving Service for report, which has been received and is herewith transmitted with my concurrence. page 4, before the word ,., thousand,'' strike out '' Twent-y-fiye" Re3pectfully, L.J.GAGE, and insert" One hundred;" so as to make the paragraph 1·ead: Secreta1-y. One hundred thousand dollars, or as much thereof as may be necessary, CHA.lRMA.N COIDIITTEE ON shall be expended by the Secretary of the Interior in the erection, purchase, I TERST.ATE .AND FOREIGN COMMERCE, and r epair of such school buildings as he may deem necessary. HO'USe of Representati'IJeS, Wa.shington, D. a. The amendment was agreed to. TREASURY DEP.ARTMENT, The SECRETARY. On page 5,sbike out the whole of the second OFFICE OF GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT OF paragraph, in the following words: LIFE-8.AVING SERVICE, Washington, Janua11J 15, 1m. Ten thousand dollars shall be expended under direction of" the Secretary ... of the Interior, in addition to any sum now on hand for that purpose, in the "' Sm: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt from you, for report, of construction of two gristmills, one on Prior Creek and one on Big Horn; llaid _I·" a letter from the Committee on Interfrtate and Foreign Commerce1 transmit ting House bill 61, Fifty-seventh Congress, first session, to authonze the_ es mills having been provided for in the third section of the treaty [agreement] ,. tablishment of a life-saving station at or near Bogue Inlet, North Carolina, of 1890. and asking for suggestions touching the merits of the bill and the propriety The amendment was agreed to. of its passage. -- Under date of February ll, 1901, in compliance with a like request, I made The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend a report to you on a bill from the same committee, of like import, H. R. 4480, ments were concuued in. Fifty-sio:th Congress, first session, in which I said: The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading. and it "ln :reply I would respectfully say that Bogue Inlet lies between Cane Lookout and Cape Fear, which points include Onslow Bay. There is alife was read the third time. savlu.g station at the point of each cape, but there is none on the coast lying Mr. PLATT of Connecticut. Mr. President, I do not rise to bet ween them, a distance of about 100 miles. Bogue Inlet lies a bout 35 miles oppose this bill in particular, but I wish to suggest to the Senate to !.~e westward of Cape Lookout. Considerable commerce passes in and out of the inlet, and quite a number of disasters have occurred in its immediate that it seems to me inadvisable to continue the purchase of Indian neighborhood, involving losses which the presence of a life-saving station lands, paying large amounts the1·efor, and then to open them to would have either averted or materially lessened. homestead settlement. "Besides the question of affording protection to the commerce above re ferred to should also be considered the liability of vessels passing the Look This policy is a sequel of the free-homes bill, so called. If that out or the Frying Pan Shoals through stress of weather and ocean currents, policy is to be continued, if the Government is to extinguish all to get into the bight of the ba_y and so fall in with the land and its dangers, of the Indian titles to reservations not needed for allotments, pay as occurred in two instances during the last fiscal year, when the schooners Can'ie L. Davis and Thomas L. Ja11tes, the former bound from Savannah to ing the Indians what they may be able to agree with them for, Philadelphia and the latter from Savannah to Rondout, N. Y., went ashore sometimes more and sometimes less, as the Indians are willing at Bogue Inlet, one being totally wrecked, suffering the loss of both vessel to negotiate, it will result in paying for Indian lands in the near and cargo, amounting to $26,000, and the other the loss of the entire cargo and damage to the vessel, amounting in all to $7,000. future a great many millions of dollars, probably $100,000,000. "An officer of the service who was recently in the vicinity of Bo~e Inlet I have always felt that where we open these lands by pm·chas informs me that he learned that the commerce passing through the inlet had ing them of the Indians we ought to require people who settle largely increased of late and is likely to still fmther increase. "In view of the foregoing, the establishment of the life-saving station con upon them to pay enough money to reimburse the Government. templated by the bill would seem to be desirable." These lands we pay about $1.09 an acre for on an average. This report was transmitted to the committee, with your concmTence, on There are lands here which will be open to settlement that will the same day, and I beg that the report on that bill, as above set forth, be made my report on the bill under consideration. be worth $20 and $.25 an acre. It certainly would be no hardship Respectfully, S. I. KTMBAI.L, to require settlers to reimburse the Government. General Superintendent. But I suppose it is useless for me to make any suggestions on The SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY. this point. I merely wished to call the attention of the Senate to Mr. CLAY. Mr. President, I made a favorable report on this this policy and to the amount of money which in the near future bill by the consent of the Committee on Commerce. The bill, I is to be expended for this purpose. will say to the Senator from :Missouri, was introduced by the This is only one of numerous agreements which are now pend junior Senator from North Carolina [Mr. SIMMONS], and•received ing, and I suppose that they will all pass and the Government will the unanimQus report of the Committee on Commerce. I presume give to the settlers the lands for which the Indians are paid. there will be no objection to it. If there is, I will ask that the Mr. STEWART. Mr. President, I simply wish to remark that bill may go over temporarily until the junior Senator from North the lands embraced in this treaty are very valuable, and that they Carolina returns to the Chamber. are worth more than the Government is paying for them. I am Mr. COCKRELL. I want the admirable report written by the not discussing what is to be done with them, but this b·eaty is a Senator from Georgia spread upon the RECORD to justify my very proper one to be made. silence in letting the bill go through. Mr. PLATT of Connecticut. Oh, certainly; if the policy is to Mr. CLAY. Let the bill go through, Mr. President. be pm·sued I agree that the amount paid for these lands is not an The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered extravagant one in view of their value. to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Mr. COCKRELL. Mr. President, I wish simply to remind the INDIANS OF THE CROW RESERVATION, MONT, Senator from Connecticut and the Senate itself that what is now The bill (S. 2979) to ratify an agreement with the Indians of the occurring and what the Senator has stated would occur were Crow Reservation in Montana, and making appropriations to plainly stated by me when the first free-homes bill came up here carry the same into effect, was considered as in Committee of the in the Senate, and I spoke against it. It was, in my judgment, a Whole. wrong mea-sure, and it is wrong to-day. We have no more right The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. GALLINGER in the chair). to take the people's money and buy Indian lands and give them The bill has been reported from the Committee on Indian Affairs to homesteaders than we would haye to take that money and buy with amendments. There are no amendments in the bill but in farms for citizens to make them homes. the original agreement. Whenever the time comes and I can get a chance I shall vote to Mr. PLATT of Connecticut. The agreement is, I think, incor cany out the opposition I first made to the measure. I think it porated into the bill, so that any amendments to the 3-oOJ'eement is an outrage upon the taxpayers of the United States that they are really amendments to the bill, if I am not mistaken. should be called upon to ~uy land for the benefit of those who are The PRESIDING OFFICER. Then the Secretary will read the most fortunate in getting on the land first. You have no the first amendment of the committee. more right to give homesteads in such cases than you liave to go The SECRETARY. On page 3, at the bottom, the lines are un and buy lands in illinois, Ohio, or Maine and give them out to numbered-add the following paragraph: homesteaders. Additional amounts may be ex})ended for cattle from time to time at the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Shall the bill pass? request of the Indians under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior. The bill was passed. The amendment was agreed to. CO:NGRF,SSES OF NAVIGATION. The SECRETARY. On page 4, line 1, strike out "1901" and in sert " 1902," so as to make the additional proviso read: The bill (S. 3651) appropriating the sum of $8,000 a year for the support and maintenance of the permanent international commis Pro,;ided jm·ther, That dming the year 1902 all cattle owned at that time in common by the Crow tribe of Indians shall be divided equally between sion of the congresses of navigation, and for other purposes, was said Indians, share and share alike to every man, woman, and child having considered as in Committee of the Whole. rights upon the Crow Reservation. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered The amendment was agreed to. to be engrossed for a third rea~ing, read the third time, and passed. The SECRETARY. In the second line of the second paragraph on page 4 strike out'' 2-year-oldjackasses ''and insert'' stallions,'' HEl\"RY D. HALL. so as to make the paragraph read: The bill (S. 1568) to restore Henry D. Hall to the R~enue Fifteen thousand dollars shall be spent in the purchase of stallions, the Cutter Service was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It same to be placed upon the Crow Reservation for the benefit of the Crow authorizes the President to commission Henry D. Hall, late cap Indians. tain in the United States Revenue-Cutter Service, a captain on The amendment was agreed to. the permanent waiting orders list of said service, with the pay of XX:.XV-148 2354 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. MARCH 4, that grade provided by law for officers on permanent waiting and educate sailors for the Navy when we have need of sailors. 'orders. I assert, without any fear of contradiction that the fishermen of Mr. COCKRELL. Let the report be read in that case. ~he United States have furnished a ln.rge~ proportion of. sailors PRO::UOTION OF COMMERCE. m ~very war we have ever had than any other industry whatever. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The hour of 2 o'clock having ar It IS perfectly well known that General Knox made a most com rived, it is the duty of the Chair to lay before the Senate the un plimentary speech t? the fish~rmen of Marblehead for the glorious finished business, which is Senate bill1348. conduct they had displayed m the war of the Revolution and it · The Senate, as in Committ-ee of the Whole, resumed the consid has been true in every war, from the beginning down to n~w that eration of .the bill (S. 1348) to provide for ocean mail service be fishermen haye bee~ the hea~~st contributors to our Navy. 'Ger tween t!J.e United States and foreign ports, and the common many rec?g~nzes this as a trammg place for sailors by the bounty. de.fense; to promote commerce and to encourage the deep-sea fish Great Bntam does the same. France does the same. · enes. As the bounty will amount to only about a couple hundred Mr. CLAY. Mr. President I desire to call the attention of the th~usand dollars a year, It~ that no one can seriously object junior Senator from Maine [Mr. FRYE] to the fact that the junior to It. There have been bounties on fishermen from the beginninG' Senator from Missouri [Mr. YES~] expected to speak to-day, but of the Government down to now, with the exception of a very I understand that he does not WISh to go on now, and there is no few years before the war and with the exception of all the years one on our side of the Chu..mber.who desires to speak to-day. · We since the war. The bounty wa£ repealed at the close of the war. will be ready to goon to-morrow and then continue the debate until Now, I desire to put in as illustrations (and I only put in a very we reach a vote. I trust that the junior· Senator from Maine in few cases because I put them in as illustrations) what some of charge of the bill will con ent that the further consideration of our C?nsuls ~br~md sa~ in rel_ation especially to the influence of the bill shall be postponed until to-morrow. I am quite sure that Amencan shippmg on mcreasmg exportation. the debate will not consume any great length of time on this side Mr. BACON. Will the Senator permit me to ask him a ques of the Chamber. tion entirely for information? Mr. FRYE. I certainly should not do anything that would Mr. FRYE. Certainly. compel the Senator from Missouri to speak, as he proposed to do, 1\fr. BACON. What is the number of sailors now -engaged in to-day. I myself can occupy a short time. this deep-sea fishing, and what is the number which the Senator Mr. CLAY. Well, sir, that is agreeable. anticipates under the operation of this bill? Mr. FRYE. I suppose all Senators have my experience in this Mr. FRYE. I can n9,276 ba.gs of coffee were sent from Rio and Santos to the United States, ana during the ctrrrent that was in relation to the bounties to fisheries. Of course, every year the coffee export from Brazil to the United States will undoubtedly ex Senator understands the· purpose of that bounty. It is to train ceed 6,000,000 bags. At 35 cents per bag the freight will amount to over 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2355 $2,000,000. From Para 10,000 tons of rubber were shipped to the United States Am.erk.an states lying south of us will cordially coo :per ate in establishing and laSt year. All this freight ought to have reached our country under the maintaining such lines of steamships to their principal ports I do not doubt. American flag. Brazil im})orts over 500,000 tons of coalpar year. The larger We should also make provision for a naval reserve, to consist of such mer part of this quantity would be furnished by the United States if we had our chant ships of American construction and of a specified tonnage and speed as own steamers. The following is an alphabetical list of articles of the freights, the owners will consent to place at the use of the Government in case of need . etc. as armed cruisers. England has adopted this policy, and 2.s a result can now upon necessity at once place upon her naval list some of the fastest steam Now, here is a report from the British consul at Marseilles: ships in the world. A proper suparvision of the construction of such vessels American coal imports at Marseilles have increased very rapidly during would make their conversiOn into effective ships of war very easy. the past three years. Rising suddenly to 118,4:91 tons imported during 1901\ I am an advocate of economy in our national expenditures, but it is a the coal imported from the United States during the first nine months or misuse of terms to make this word describe a policy that withholds an e:x: 1901 has reached the fair total of nea~ly 175,000 tons. It is estimated ~t.the penditure for the purpose of extending our foreign commerce. The enlarge total import for the present year will exceed 200,000 tons. In my opi~on, ment and improvement of our merchant marine, the development of a this American competition will only become dangerous to British coal If (1) sufficient body of trained American seamen, the promotion of rapid and high prices continue at home, and (2) if the American shipping interest suc regular mail communication between the ports of other countries and our ceeds in securing the passing of t.J?.e bounty bill in 1902. In that case, I f~ar own, and the ada,Ptation of large and swift American merchant steamships that the American coal owners will get the hoped-for chance of capturmg to naval uses in time of war are public purposes of the highest concern. The the Mediterranean coal trade. enlarged participation of our people in the carrying trade, the new and in creased markets that will be opened for the products of our farms and fac F.urther along the consul says: tories, and the fuller and better employment of our mechanics which will I hold, therefore, that for the present American competition in coal is not result from a liberal promotion of our foreign commerce insure the widest a very serious matter. But now let us look a little further ahead and con possible diffusion of benefit to all the States and to all our neople. Every sider what must inevitably happen· if Americans succeed in passing their thing is most propitious for the present inauguration of a liberal and pro shipping bounty bill. With 2s. 6d. per ton in their favor, and with ~gh gressive policy upon this subject, a:nd we should enter upon it with promptness prices ruling at home, American competition will become a very serious and decision. matter indeed. American coals now offered at ls. 6d. per ton below compet The legislation which I have suggested, it is sincerely believed, will pro ing qualities of British are, in the opinion of Americans, quite able. to sta-p.d mote the peace and honor of our country and the prosperity and security of a further reduction, if that be necessary, to meet any further fall m British the :people. I invoke the diligent and serious attention of Congress to the prices. They do not believe that prices in Great Britain will ever come consideration of these and such other measures as may be presented having down below American output prices, but if they do the shippin.g bo1p1ty bill the same great end in view. · will by that time have enabled them to become masters of the SltuatiOn. With the passing of the bill the very thorough preparations that have been Mr. McKinley, in his message at the commencement of the fu·st made for the past two years by the Baltimore and Ohio and other leading session of the Fifty-sixth Congress, said: companies in the United States with a view to ultimately monopolizing the The value of an American merchant marine to the extension of our com Mediterranean coal trade, will ~ve matured sufficiently to permit of their mercial trade and the strengthening of our power upon the sea invites the starting operations on a large scale. The main features of the American immediate action of the Congress. Our national development will be one scheme a1·e to reduce costs by owning their land transport and their ships; sided and unsatisfactory so long as the remarkable growth of our inland in to incre:1se the tonnage; reduce costs of manipulation by labor-savin~ ma dustries remains unaccompanied by progress on the seas. There is no lack of chinery; to extend their operations all over the Mediterranean, and, vm the constitutional authority for legislation which shall give to the country mari Suez Canal, to the Philippines; to pick up return freights at every available time strength commensurate with its industrial achievements and with its port; to create large depots, and offer a large volume of business. The inves mnk among the nationa of the earth. tigations have been carried out with true American foresight and thorough * * * * * * * ness by responsible representatives of leading companies. Last year American vessels transported a smaller share of our exports and imports than during any former year in all our history, and the measure of :Mr. President, I wish to say a few words especially to theRe our dependence upon foreign shipping was painfully manifested to our peo publicans in the Senate. This bill is a logical response to the de ple. Without any choice of our own, but· from necessity, the departments mand and the principle of the· Republican party. President of the Government charged with military and naval operations in the East and West Indies had to obtain from foreign flags merchant vessels essential Arthur, in his first message to Congress, December 6, 1881, said: for those operations. The substitution of ifon for wood and of steam for sail have wrought great The other great nations have not hesitated to adopt the required means to revolutions in the carrying trade of the world; but these changes could not develop their shi-pping as a factor in national defense and as one of the surest have been averse to America if we had given to our navigation interests a and speediest means of obtaining for their producers a share in foreign portion of the aid and protection which have been so wisely- bestowed upon markets. Like vigilance and effort on our part can not fail to improve our our manufactures. !commend the whole subject to the wisdom of Congress, situation, which is regarded with humiliation at home and with surprise }Vith the suggestion that no question of greater magnitude or farther-reaching abroad. Even the seemin~ sacrifices, which at the beginning may be in 1m.portance can engage their attention. volved, will be offset later oy more than equivalent gains. The expense is as nothing compared to the advantage to be achieved. The · In his next annual message of December 4, 1882, he said: reestablishment of our merchant marine involves Ul. a large measure our The Secretary (Navy) forcibly depicts the intimate connection and inter continued industrial progress and the extension of our commercial triumphs. dependence of the Navy and the commercial marine, a,nd invites attention I am satisfied the judgment of the country favors the policy of aid t.o our to the continued decadence of the latter and the corresponding transfer of merchant marine, which will broaden our commerce and markets and up our growing commerce to foreign bottoms. build our sea-carrying capacity for the products of agriculture and manu This subJect is one of the utmost importance to the national welfare. facture; which, with the increase of our Navy, mean more work and wages ·Methods of reviving American shipbuilding and restoring the United States to our countrymen, as well as a safeguard to American interests in every flag in the ocean carrying trade should receive the immediate attention of part of the world. Congress. We have mechanical skill and abundant material for the manu facture of modern iron steamships in fair competition with our commercial President McKinley also directed the attention of Congress to rival'!. Our disadvantage in building shiJ?S is the greater cost of labor, and this subject in other of his messages, and in the la.st speech he in sailing them higher taxes and greater mterest on capital, while the ocean ever made, the one at Buffalo on September 8,1901, which proved highways are already monopolized by our formidable competitors. These to to obstacles should in some way be overcome, and for our rapid communication be his farewell address the American people, he said: with forHign lands we sh01ild not continue to depend wholly upon vessels Then, too, we have inadequate steamship service. New lines of steamers built in the yards of other countries and sailing under foreign flags. With have already been put in commission between the Pacific coast ports of the no United States steamers on th~ principal ocean lines or in any foreign. ports United States and those on the western coasts of Mexico and Central and our facilities for extending our commerce are greatly restricted, while the South America. These should be followed up with direct steamship lines be nations which build and sail the ships and carry the mails and passengers ob tween the eastern coast of the United States and South American ports. One tain thereby conspicuous advant.a.ges in increasing their trade. of the needs of the times are direct commercial lines from our vast fields of production to the fields of consumption that we have but barely touched. President Harrison, whom I regard as one of the ablest Presi Next in advantage to having the thing to sell is to have the conveyance to carry it to the buyer. We must encourage our merchant marine. We must dents this ·country ever had-and he came from the middle have more ships. They must be under the American flag, built and manned West-in his message of December 8, 1889, said: and owned by Americans. These will not only be profitable in a commercial There is nothing more justly humiliating to the national pride and noth sense; they will be messengers of peace and amity wherever they go. ing more hurtful to the national prosperity than the inferiority of our mer chant marine compared with that of other nations whose general resources, Then President Roosevelt, in his message to the first session of wealth, and seacoast lines do not suggest any r-eason for their supremacy on the Fifty-seventh Congress, said: the sea. It was not always so, and our people are agreed, I think, that it The condition of the American merchant marine is such as to call for im shall not continue to be so. It lS ri.ot possible in this communication to dis mediate remedial action by the Congress. It is discreditable to us as ana cuss the causes of the decay of our shipping interests or the differing meth- tion that our merchant marine should be utterly insignificant in comparison . ods by which it is proposed to restore them. The statement of a few well to that of other nations which we overtop in other forms of business. We authenticated facts and some general suggestions as to legisL1.tion is all that should not longer submit to conditions under which only a trifling :portion of is practicable. That ~.J.e great steamship lines sailing under the flags of our great commerce is carried in our own ships. To remedy this state of Englan:l, France, Germany ·Spain, and Italy, and engaged in forei&'l} com things would not merely serve to build up our shipping interests, but it merce, were promoted and have since been and now are liberally aided by would also result in benefit to all who ara interested in the permanent estab grants of public money in one form or another is generally known. That lishment of a wider market for American products and would provide an the American lines of steamships have been abandoned by us to an unequal auxiliary force for the Navy. Ships work for their own countries just as contest with the aided lines of other nations until they have been withdrawn, railroadS work for their terminal points. Shipping lines if. established to or in the few cases where they are still maintained a:ce subject to serious the principal countries with which we have dealings, would be of political as disadvantages, is matter of common knowledge. well as commercial benefit. From every standpoint it is unwise for the The present situation is such that travelers and merchandise find Liver United States to continue to rely upon the ships of competing nations for the pool often a necessarY. intermediate port between New York and some of the distribution of our goods. It should be made advantageous to carry Ameri . South American capitals. The fact that some of the delegates from South can goods in American-built ships. American States to the conference of American nations now in session at At present American shipping is under certain great disadvantages when Washington reached our shores by reversing that line of travel is very con put in competition with the shipping of foreign countries. Many of the fast clusiv~ of the need of such a conference and very suggestive as to the first foreign steamships at a speed of 14 knots or above are subsidized, and all our ·and mc~t necessary step in the direction of fuller and more beneficial inter our ships-sailing vessels and steamers alike, cargo carriers of slow speed course with nations that are now our neighbors upon the lines of latitude, and mail carriers of high speed-have to meet the fa.ct that the origi.Ilal cost but not upon the lines of established commercial intercourse. of building American ships is greater than is the case abroad; that the wages I recommend that such appropriations be made for ocean mail service in paid American officers and seamen are very much higher than those paid the American steamships between our ports and those of Central and South officers and seamen of foreign competing countries, and that the standard of . America, China Japan, and the important islands in both of the great oceans living on our ships is far superior to the standard of living on the ships of our . as will be liberally remunerative for the service rendered.and as will encour commercial rivals. age the establishment and in some fair degree equalize the chances of Amer Our Government should take such action as will remedy these inequalities ican steamship lines in the competitions which they must meet. That the The American merchant marine should be restored to the ocean. 2356 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-SENATE. MARCH 4, Secretaries of the Navy, Secretaiies of the Treasury, and I should be very glad, in view of the fact that I have been Postmaste1·s-General in their annual reports have again and responsible in a measure for the course which the Senator frcm again in very earnest and strong words called attention to the Massachusetts has this morning asked should be taken, if the necessity of the restoration of the merchant marine. Senator from Iowa would not object to the request, the Senator I notice that Mr. Wilson, the Secretary of Agriculture, in an in from Massachusetts stating that the consent agreement would be terview, in which I see he afterwards said he was correctly re subject to the prior right of appropriation bills. I am sure the ported, took very strong, vigorous, and earnest ground in the debate will not be a long one, but it ought to be a careful one; interest of the farmers of the United States for the restoration of and it was with that view that I made the suggestion to the the merchant marine. Senator from Massachusetts. Mr. President, as a matter of course I should not, if it were Mr. ALLISON. Mr. President, at this moment I do not wish in my power, undertake to inconvenience in the slightest degree to mortgage, as it were, the time of the Senate beyond the con the Senator from Missouri [Mr. VEST], and I am entirely willing sideration of the shipping bill; that is, I do not wish to partici that this bill may for the present be laid aside, unless there is pate in agreeing to such an arrangement as is proposed, while an some Senator who is ready to speak upon it. If there is no Senator objection will prevent it. ready to speak, the bill can be laid aside, retaining its place as Mr. HOAR. Mr. President- . the unfinished business; and I shall hope in the course of the day Mr. ALLISON. I am willing that later on this matter may be to-morrow to get an agreement as to the time when we shall disposed of, but we do not know now and no one can tell now vote on the bill. I think I shall be able to do so. how long the bill which has been pending will be considered. Mr. CLAY. Mr. President, I desire to give notice that to Mr. BACON. It will be a very short time, I am sure. moiTOW at 2 o'clock, when the pending bill is taken up, I shall Mr. ALLISON. Very well. When we get an adjustment address the Senate for a short while against its passage. about that bill, we shall determine what we will do next. There Mr. HOAR. Mr. President, I had desired to move to take fore, I interpose my objection for the moment. That is all. up-- Mr. HOAR. I hope to be able to secure an agreement to get a Mr. FRYE. I suggest that the Senator ask unanimous consent vote on this bill at a certain time. to temporarily lay aside the pending bill. Mr. BACON. I presume that probably to-morrow or next day, Mr. HOAR. I desire to ask unanimous consent that the ship from what the Senator from Maine [Mr. FRYE] said, there may be ping bill be temporarily laid aside, and that we take up the bill an agreement in regard to the subsidy bill. in regard to attempts against the life of the President of the Mr. HOAR. Mr. President. if we lived in the time of Methu- United States. selah- · The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection the unfin Mr. HALE. Which we do not. I ished business will be temporarily laid aside. Mr. HOAR. When we had eight hundred or a thousand years of life apiece, and the population of the world for whom we had to PROTECTION OF THE PRESIDENT. legislate was very small, we could get along on the theory sug 1\fr. HOAR. Mr. President, as one member of the Committee gested by my honorable friend from Georgia [Mr. BACON]; but en the Judiciary, I have been endeavoring to get up for several we c&n not do business in that way in the American Senate. We days the bill (S. 3653) for the protection of the President of the have,asitis,measuresenough,iftheywerethoroughlydebatedand United States, and for other purposes, but it has been suggested considered, to take ten years, and if every time a Senator was not \ to me that there are a good many Senators who regard that bill ready we should postpone a measure, we should never be able to as a matter of very grave interest, and that while it is not likely complete our business. We have to deal in one year with a vast there will be a long debate upon it, yet there are Senators who amount of business; and we have to go on the ground that when perhaps would like to be present when the bill is considered. I a measure, especially a measure that has been discussed in public do not feel under the circumstances like pressing the bill at this for a long time, has been prepared by a committee, and has been hour in the afternoon, but I ask that it may be made the next put on the Calendar, we must all of us be ready for it when it order of business after the disposition of the shipping bill. comes up; when its chance comes, the chance must be taken1 or Mr. ALLISON. Mr. President- the measure gets lost. It is like Opportunity, who is said to have Yr. HOAR. Subject, of course, to appropriation bills. one lock on his forehead, and if you do not seize that lock in Mr. ALLISON. I do not wish at this time to assent to any front, but let him go by, you can not get hold of his ba.ld head spacial order beyond the shipping bill. I understood the Senator from behind. from Massachusetts [Mr. HoAR] the other day to suggest that Now, I wish to give notice that I shall move to take up the bill he would ask to proceed with the consideration of the bill for the for the protection of the President of the United States when the protection of the President of the United States when an oppor shipping bill is disposed of, and, if it is not previously disposed tunity should occur, pending the discussion of the measure which of, on Thursday morning, in the morning hour, I shall move to has been under consideration. I have no objection to that, but take it up immediately after the routine morning business and the discussion on the pending bill may last for a week or two, and endeavor to get it passed before 2 o'clock, and if it is not pae ed something else may intervene that may be important. before 2 o'clock I shall move that it be taken up every morning Mr. HOAR. I am told that the debate on the bill will be very until it is passed. brief. I do not make the request on my own motion, but per Mr. McLAURIN of Mississippi. Mr. President, I do not know haps out of overdeference to other Senators, certainly to one whether this is the proper time to offer them or not, but I have other Senator. So far as I am concerned, I should like to take up some amendments that I desire to offer to the bill that has just the bill now and go on with it. been mentioned the bill (S. 3653) for the protection of the Presi Mr. ALLISON. I hope the Senator will do so. . dent of the United States, and for other purposes, when it shall Mr. BACON. Mr. President, I desire to say, in response to the be under consideration. I ask that the amendments I now offer suggestion of the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. HoAR], and may be printed and lie on the table. also in response to what has been said by the Senator from Iowa The PRESIDENT pro tempore. That order will be made, in [Mr. ALLISON], that there is no disposition on this side of the the absence of objection. Chamber, so far as I know, for a prolonged debate on the bill, or TEXAS JUDICIAL DISTRICTS. on the other side of the Chamber, so far as I am informed. At Mr. CULBERSON. Mr. President, as there seems to be noth the same time it is a matter of very grave importance, and what ing of importance now being considered by the Senate, or nothing ever bill is passed ought to be very carefully considered and very more important than the bill upon which I desire action, I ask carefully perfected. The suggestion I took the liberty of making unanimous consent for the present consideration of House bill to the Senator from Massachusetts, and in pursuance of which 11611. he made the request this morning, was that it is a bill of such The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Texas asks importance that it is entitled to continuous consideration, and unanimous consent for the present consideration of a bill the that it ought not to be taken up at intervals in a disjointed man title of which will be stated. ner and discussed in such a way as not to give it that careful and The SECRETARY. A bill. (H. R. 11611) to divide the State of concentrated attention to which I ·think it is entitled. Texas into four judicial districts. I said further to the Senator from Massachusetts that the tak There being no objection, the Senate, a in Committee of the ing up of the bill at odd times is rather the course of proceeding Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. when Senators are disposed to make set speeches and desire an The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered opportunity to deliver them. We have no desire of that kind so to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. • far as I know. We ought to consider the question carefully; and I am satisfied Senators on the other side of the Chamber are im LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE, AND JUDICIAL .APPROPRIATION BILL. pressed with an equal desire in that regard; but that it was, I :Mr. CULLOM. I am directed by the Committee on Appropri thought, very much more in harmony with the dignity and im ations, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 10847) making ap portance of the bill that it should be given a place regularly upon p1·op1iations for the legislative, executive, and judicial expenses the Calendar as the unfinished business. of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1903, and 1902. CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-SENATE. 2357 for other purposes, to report it with amendments, and to submit NOMINATIONS. \ a report thereon. I give notice that I shall call up the bill for consideration to-morrow after the routine morning business. Executive nominations receit:ed by the Senate March 4, 1902. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bin will be placed on the POSTMASTER. Calendar. Charles H. Boody, to be postmaster at Ha . in the county of MESSAGE FROll THE HOUSE. Oceana and State of Michigan, in place of Cnarles A. Gurney. A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. C~ R. Incumbent's commission expired February 25, 1902. McKENNEY, its enrolling clerk, announced that the House had APPOINTMIDIT IN THE A.ltMY, agreed to the report of the committee of conference on the disa- · Cavah-y Arm. greeing votes of the two Houses on t)le amendments of the Senate Christian A. Bach, at large, late :fir:;t lieutenant, Thirty-sixth to the bill (H. R. 5833) tempomrily to pTovide revenue for the Inf::mtry, United States Volunteers tnow second lieutenant Twen Philippine Islands, and for other p1uposes. tieth Infantry, United States Army) to be first lieutanant, Feb The message also returned to the Senate, in compliance with its ruary 2, 1901, to fill an original vacancy. request, the bill (S. 2815) granting an increase of pension to Willinm S. Derby. APPOINTMENTS AS MEDICAL OFFICER OF VOLUNTEERS. ~'ROLLED BILLS SIGNED, Joseph L. Sanford, of Virginia, contract surgeon, United States Army, to be assistant surgeon, United States Volunteers, with The message further announced that the Speaker of the House the rank of captain, March 1, 1902, vice Thomas, resigned. had signed the following enrolled bills; and they were thereupon Edward T. Gibson, of Minnesota, contract surgeon, United signed by the President pro tempore: States Almy, to be assistant surgeon, United States Volunteers, A bill (S. 9) granting an increase of pension to Mourse R. with the rank of captain, February 28, 1902, vice Hexamer, hon~ Adams; orably discharged. A bill (S. 143) granting an increase of pension to Henriette Salomon; _ A bill (S. 195) granting a pension to Nellie Bartlett; WITHDRAWAL. A bill (S. 196) granting an increase of pension to Richard N. Executive nomination withd'rawn March 4, 1902. Blodgett; . A bill (S. 198) granting an increase of pension to Lucy M. Hill; Harry H. Seckler, of Kansas, which was submitted to the Senate A bill (S. 254) granting an increase of pension to Lewis C. February 10, 1902, for appointment as second lieutenant in the Kilman; Artillery Corps, United States Army, A bill (S. 336) to grant an honorable discharge from the mili tary service to Charles H. Hawley; CONFIRMATIONS. A bill (S. 508) granting an increase of pension to Adelaide Worth Bagley; Executi'Ve nominations confi1"1ned by the Senate March 4, 1902. A bill (S. 608) for the relief of George K. Bowen; COLLECTOR OF CUSTOMS. A bill (S. 659) granting a pension to Thomas E. Clark; Benjamin B. Brown, of Pennsylvania, to be collector of cUB A bill (S. 700) gt·anting a pension to Rebecca Dobbins; toms for the district of Erie, in the State of Pennsylvania. A bill (S. 886) granting an increase of pension to James M. McCoy; MARSHAL. A bill (S. 1029) granting an increase of pension to Wellington George L. Siebrecht, of Texas, to be United States marshal for D. Curtis; the western district of Texas. A bill (8. 1036) granting an increase of pension to Benjamin G. REGISTER OF LAND OFFICE, Sr.rgent; Frank D. Hobbs, of Utah, to be register of the land office at .A bill (S. 114~) granting an increase of pension to Lucinda C. Salt Lake City, Utah• Scott; A bill (S. 1197) granting an increase of pension to Mahale PROMOTION IN THE ARMY. Litton; Second Lieut. J airus A. Moore, from the Infantry Arm to the A bill (S. 1258) to remove the charge of desertion from the Artillery Corps, with 1·ank from July 25, 1900, naval record of John Glass; APPOINTMENTS IN THE ARMY. A bill (S. 1330) granting an increase of pension to Moses Smith; TO BE SECOND LIEUTENANTS, A bill (S. 135:1) granting a pension to Lura B. Rogers; Caval1·y Arm. A bill (S. 1611) granting a pension to Cynthia M. Record; George W. Biegler, of Indiana, late captain, Twenty-eighth In A bill (S. 1616) granting an increase of pension to Enoch A. -fantry, United States Volunteers, February 2, 1901. White; Hospital Steward Paul H. Weyrauch, United States Army, to A bill (S. 1782) granting a pension to Catherine Meade; be second lieutenant, February 2, 1901, A bill (S. 1923) granting an increase of pension to Fred F. B. Artillery Corps. Coffin; Harry W. McCauley, at large, late corporal, Company E, First A bill (S. 2000) granting a pension to John M. Core; Colorado Volunteers, July 1, 1901. A bill (S. 2012) granting a pension to Catherine Conroy; A bill (S. 2098) granting a pension to George H. Morton; William R. McGill, of Pennsylvania, late quartermaster-ser A bill (S. 2391) granting an increase of pension to Elvira L. geant, Company L, Forty-first Infantry, United States Volunteers, VVilkins; . July 1, 1901. - A bill (S. 2441) granting an increase of pension to Ziba S. Robert J. Arnold at large, late first lieutenant, Twenty-ninth Infantry, United States Volunteers, August 22 1901. Wood; A bill 2460) Albert H. Stevens, of the District of Columbia, late second lieu~ (S. granting an increase of pension to Cornelius tenant Thirty-first Infantry, United States Volunteers, August Springer; . . . . 22. 1001. · A bill (S. 2508) grantmg an mcrease of pensron to Pauline Lowe Murphy; Charles E. N. Howard, at large, late second lieutenant, Forty A bill (S. 2700) granting an increase of pension to Martha A. fifth Infantry: United States Volunteers, August 22, 1901. Private Bruce_Cotton, Twenty~fifth Company, Coast Artillery, Couch; 1901. A bill (S. 3106) granting an increase of pension to Hugh R. to be second lieutenant, May 8, Richardson; Infantry Arm. A bill (S. 3107) to authorize the construction of a bridge over John B. Shuman, of Wisconsin, late second lieutenant, Forty· the Missouri River at or near the city of Kansas City, Mo.; and fifth Infantry, United States Volunteers, and second lieutenant, A bill (S. 3424) granting an increase of pension to ::1\Iinnie E. Twenty-eighth Infantry, United States Army, to be second lieu King. tenant, United States Army, February 2, 1901. EXECUTIVE SESSION. Robert K. Spiller, of Virginia, late first lieutenant, Forty~ Mr. HALE. I move that the Senate proceed fu the considera second Infantry, United States Volunteers, and second lieuten· tion of executive business. ant, Twenty-sixth Infantry, United States Army, to be second The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the con lieutenant, United States Army February 2, 1901. sideration of executive business. After twelve minutes spent in MEDICAL DEPART:MEJ.~T. executive session the doors were reopened, and (at 3 o'clock and 10 John Leslie Shepard, of illinois, contract surgeon, United States minutes p.m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Wednes Army, to be assistant surgeon with the rank of first lieutenant, day, March 5, 1902, at 12 o'clock meridian. February 21, 1902. . 2358 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. MARCH 4, Joseph C. Garlington, of Georgia, contract surgeon, United HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. States Army, to be assistant surgeon, United States Volunteers, with the rank of captain, February 26, 1902. TUESDAY, Ma1·ch 4, 1902. Edward A. Southall, of New York, contract surgeon, United States Army, to be assistant surgeon, United States Volunteers, The House met at 12 o'clock m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. with the rank of captain, February 20, 1902. HENRY N. COUDEN, D. D. . James B. . Pascoe, of New York, contract surgeon, United The Journal of yesterday"s proceedings was read and approved. States Army, to be assistant surgeon, United States Vohmteers, PHILIPPINE TARIFF BILL. with the rank of captain, February 19, 1902. · The SPEAKER. The unfinished business now coming before PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMY. the House is the conference report on House bill 5833, known as the Philippine tariff bill. 'rhe question is on agl'eeing to the :MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, report. Lieut. Col. Robert M. O'Reilly, deputy surgeon-general, to be The question having been put- assistant surgeon-general with the rank of colonel, February 14, The SPEAKER. The noes.appear to have it. 1902. Mr. PAYNE. I call for a division. Maj. Edward B. Moseley, surgeon, to be deputy surgeon-general The question being again taken, there were-ayes 66, noes 65. with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, February 14, 1902. Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennes ee. I ask for tellers. Capt. Benjamin L. TenEyck, assistant surgeon, to be surgeon Mr. PAYNE. I ask for the yeas and nays. with the rank of major, February 14, 1902. The yeas and nays were ordered. The question was taken; and there were-yeas 139, nays 110 CORPS OF ENGINEERS. answered" present" 16, not voting 91; as follows: ' Second Lieut. Michael J. McDonough, Corps of Engineers, to YEAS-139. be first lieutenant, April 30, 1901.. Acheson, Dalzell Kahn, Reeder, Second Lieut. Francis A. Pope, Corps of Engineers, to be first Adams, Darragh, Knox, Reeves, lieutenant, May 2, 1901. . Alexander, Davidson, Kyle, Roberts, Allen, Me. Dayton, Lacd1, Rumple, Second Lieut. Gilbert A. Youngberg, Corps of Engineers, to be Ball, Del. Douglas, Lan ·s, Ru.s ell, first lieutenant, May 3, 1901. Barney, Draper. Lawrence, Scott, Second Lieut. Paul Stanley Bond, Corps of Engineers (hereto Bartholdt, Driscoll, Lessler Shattuc, Bates, Esch, Lewis, Pa. Shelden, fore borne on the Army Register as Stanley Bond Hamilton, but Beidler, Evans, Littauer, Showalter, under a decree. of the supreme court of the county of New York, Bishop, Fletcher, Lon~ , Sibley, State of New York, authorized to assume his true name, as above Blakeney, Foerderer, Lou, Skiles, Boutell, Fordney, LoverinJf., Smith, Iowa indicated, on the 4th day of March proximo), to be first lieuten Bowersock, Foss, Marsha , Smith, H. C. ant, June 29, 1901. Brick, Foster, Vt. . Mercer Smith, Wm. Alden Second Lieut. William P. Stokey, Corps of Engineers, to be first Bristow, Gardner, Mich. Minor, '• Southard, Bromwell, Gardner, N.J. Mondell, Sperry, lieutenant, December 12, 1901. Brown, Gillet, N.Y. Moody, Mass. Steele, Burk,Pa.. Graff, Moody,N. C. Stevens, Minn. ·CA. V .A.LRY ARM, Burke, S. Dak. Greene, Mass. Moody, Oreg. Storm, Capt. Charles W. Taylor, Ninth Cavalry, be major, Febru Burleigh, Hamilton, Morgan, Sulloway, to· ButlerhPa. Haskins Morris, Sutherl.a,nd, ary 22, 1902. Calder ead, Hedge,' Mudd, Tawney, First Lieut. John B. Christian, Ninth Cavalry, to be captain, Cannon, Hemenway, Needham, Thomas, Iowa Febnmry 22, 1902. Capron, Henry, Conn. Nevin, Tirrell, Cassel ~burn, Olmsted, Tompkins, N.Y. PAY DEPARTMENT, Conneh, · debrant, Overstreet, Tom~kins, Ohio Conner, Hill, Palmer, Van oorhis, Maj. William H. Comegys, paymaster, to be deputy paymaster Coombs, Hitt Parker, Wachter, general, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, February 20, 1902. Coofl:, Wis. Holliday, Patterson, Pa. Wanger, Capt. Herbert M. Lord, paymaster, to be payma-ster, with the Cor· , Howell, Payne, Warner, Cousins, Hu~hes, Pearre, Warnock, rank of major, February 20, 1902. Cromer, Jac , Perkins, Watson, Currier, Jenkins, Powers, Me. · Weeks, ARTILLERY CORPS. Curtis, Jones, Wash. Powers, Mass. Woods. Lieut. Col. Charles Morris, Artillery Corps, to be colonel, Feb- Cushman, Joy, Ray,N. Y. ruary 21, 1902. · NAYS-110. • Maj. Asher C. Taylor, Artillery Corps, to be lieutenant-colonel, Adamson, Feely, Lindsay, . Robb, Allen, Ky. Finley, Little, Robertson~a, February 21, 1902. Ball, Tex. Fitzgerald, Littlefield, Robinson, d. Capt. George F. E. Harrison, Artillery Corps, to be i:najor, Bankhead, Flemin.Th Livingston, Rucker, February 21, 1902. Bell, Foster, . Llo()d, Ruppert, POSTMASTERS. Bowie, Fox, Me all Salmon, Brantley, Gilbert, McClellan,· Selbik'.J Broussard, Gordon, McCulloch, Shac eford, Berry McGee, to be postmaster at Italy, in the county of Ellis Brundidge, Griggs, McLain, Shafroth, and State of Texas. Bur~ess, Hay, McRae, .. . s~ Harry C. Butler, to be postmaster at Anson, in the county of Bur eson, Heatwole, Maddoxd, Slay en., Burnett, Henry, Tex. Maynar · Small, Jones and State of Texas. Caldwell, Hooker Meyer, La. Smith, Ky. Frank F. Crowe, to be postmaster at Montevallo, in the county Candler, Howard, Miers, Ind. Stark, of Shelby and State of Alabama. Cassingham, Jackson, Kans. Moon, Tate, Clark, Johnson, Mutchler, Taylor, Ala. Samuel G. Dewell, to be postmaster at Pierre, in the county .of Clayton, Kehoe, NaEhen, Thayer, Hughes and State of South Dakota. Conry, Kern, Pa gett, Thomas, N. C. Clarkson D. Overman, to be postma-ster at Fairmount, in the Cooper, Tex. Kitchin, Claude Patterson, Tenn. Thompson, Cowherd, Kitchin, Wm. W. Pou, Underwood, county of Grant and State of Indiana. Creamer, Kleberg, PugsleJ:, White, Andrew J. Prince, to be postmaster at Pratt City, in th~ county Cummings, Kluttz, Rande , Tex. Wiley, . of Jefferson and State of Alabama. Davey, La. Lanham, Ransdell, La. Williams, ill. Davis, Fla. Lassiter, Rhea, Ky. Williams, Miss. Charles T. Holtzman, to be postmaster at Luray, in the county DeArmond, Latimer, Rhea, Va. Wilson, of Page and State of Virginia. De Graffenreid, Lester, Richardson, Ala.. Zenor. N. Clifford Nichols, to be postmaster at Leesburg, in the county Dinsmore, Lever Richardson, Tenn. of Loudoun and State of Vh·ginia. Elliott, Lewis; Ga. Rixey, Harry A. Griffin, to be postmaster at Galveston, in the county ANSWERED "PRESENT "-16. of Galveston and State of Texas. Bartlett, Crumpacker, Ketcham, Snook, Alexander Clohan, to be postmaster at Martinsburg, in the Benton, Deemer, Mahon, Swanson, Brownlow, Gooch, Mann, Trimble, county of Berkeley and State of West Virginia. Bmkett, Green, Pa. Prince, Wheeler. Alonzo E. Linch, to be postmaster at Moundsville, in the county of Marshall and State of West Virginia. NOT VOTING-91. Aplin, Cochran, Fowler, Grow, William L. Mustard to be postmaster at Pocahontas, in the Babcock, . Cooney, Gaines, Tenn. Hall, county of Tazewell and State of Virginia. Bellamy, Crowley, Gaines, W.Va. Hanbury, M. 0. Gleason, to be postmaster at Rico, in the county of Ham Belmont, Dahle, Gibson, Haugen, Bingham, Dick, Gill Hen.rr, Miss. ilton and State of Texas. Blackburn, Dougherty, Gillett, Mass. H~kins, Robert R. Hyland, to be postmaster at Round Rock, in the county Boreing, Dovener, Glenn, H l, of Williamson and State of Texas. Breazeale, Eddy, Goldfogle, Irwin, Bull, Edwards, Graham, Jackson, Md. John D. Abney, to be postmaster at Grand View, in the county Burton, Emerson, Griffith, Jett, of Johnson and State of Texas. - Butler, Mo. Flood, Grosvenor, Jones, va. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 2359 Knapp, Morrell, Sohirm, Stewart, N.Y. PENSION APPROPRIATION BILL. Lamb, Neville, Shallenberger, Sulzer, Loudenslager, Newlands, Sheppard, Talbert, Mr. BARNEY. Mr. Speaker, I desire to call up for considera McAndrews, Norton, Sherman, Tayler, Ohio tion the report of the conferees on the disagreeing vote of the two McCleary, Otey, Smith, ill. Tongue, ·Houses on the pension appropriation bill. I ask unanimous con McDermott, Otjen, Smith, S. W. · Vandi-ver, McLachlan, Pierce, Snodgrass, Vreeland, ·sent that the reading of the report be dispensed with, and that the Mahoney, Polk Southwick, Wadsworth, statement of the House conferees be read. Martin, Reid: Sparkman, Wooten, The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the l.·equest of the gen Metcalf, Robinson, Nebr. Spight, Wright, Mickey, Ryan, Stephens, Tex. Young. tleman from Wisconsin [MT. BAR~mY]? The Chair hears none. Miller, Scarborough, Stewart, N. J. [A pause.] The statement of the House conferees does net appear So the conference report was agreed to. to be at the desk with the report. . · The following pairs were announced: Mr. BARNEY. Both papers were on the Speaker's table yester For the session: day. I ask, then, that the report be read, and the reading of the Mr. MoRRELL with Mr. GREEN of Pennsylvania. statement be dispensed with. Mr. WRIGHT with· Mr. HALL. Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. Is there no statement ac Mr. BoREING with Mr. TRIMBLE. companying the report of the conferees? Mr. MAHON with Mr. OTEY. The SPEAKER. The statement can not be found at present. Mr. BULL with Mr. CROWLEY. The gentleman from Wisconsin asks unanimous consent-it can Mr. METCALF with Mr. WHEELER, only be done in that way-to read the report instead of the state Until further notice: ment. Mr. KETCHAM with Mr. SNODGRASS. Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. I insist that the statement Mr. GROSVENOR with Mr. SNOOK. should be on hand and on file, 1t:lr. Speaker. The rules require Mr. CRUMPACKER with Mr. JONES of Virginia. the statement. Mr. PRINCE with Mr. GRIFFITH. . r~,he S~EAKER ..The Chai~ suggests to the gentleman from Mr. DEEMER with Mr. POLK. . WISconsm that he Withdraw hts report until the statement can be Mr. BURTON with Mr. SPARKMAN. found. It was on the desk last night. Mr. HULL with Mr. CooNEY. Mr. BARNEY. Very well. I shall do so. . Mr. BROWNLOW with Mr. PIERCE. ~fr. LOUD. Mr. Speaker, I move that the Rouse resolve itself Mr. SOUTHWICK with Mr. SULZER. into the Com~ittee of the Whole on the state of the Union for Mr. BURKETT with Mr. SHALLENBERGER, the fUTther consideration of House bill11728. Mr. EDDY with Mr. SHEPPARD. The motion was agreed to. M.r. HANBURY with Mr. WooTEN. The House accordingly resolved itself· into the Committee of the For this day: · Whole House on the state of the Union, Mr. GILLETT of Massa- · Mr. OTJEN with Mr. NEVILLE. chusetts in the chair, and resumed the further consideration of Mr. MILLER with Mr. RYA.N. House bill 11728. v Mr. APLIN with Mr. ScARBOROUGH. RURAL FREE-DELIVERY SERVICE. Mr. STEWART of New York with Mr. TALBERT. Mr. ~W ANSON. Mr. Chairman, I would like to know how Mr. MARTIN with Mr. MAHONEY. much trme has been consumed, pro and con, in the debate on this Mr. S.llmEL W. SMITH with Mr. GAINEs of Tennessee. bill. Mr. SMITH of Illinois with Mr. LAMB. The CHAIRMAN. Two hoUTs and twenty-five minutes on be Mr. McCLEARY with Mr. EDwARDS. half of the majority of the committee and one hour and thirty Mr. JACKSON of Maryland with Mr. VANDIVER. minutes on behalf of the minority. Mr. HoPKINS with Mr. McANDREws. Mr. SWANSON. I desire to yield twenty minutes to the gen Mr. BLACKBURN with Mr. FLOOD. tleman from Indiana [Mr. LANDIS] . Mr. GILL with Mr. GLENN. Mr. LANDIS. Mr. Chairman, I am loath to oppose a report Mr. WADSWORTH with Mr. COCHRAN. brought before the House by so large a majority of the Commit Mr. McLACHLAN with Mr. McDERMOTT. tee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads, but I feel that I can not sub Mr. VREELAND with Mr. BuTLER of Missouri. scribe to that report and to any degree whatever represent the Mr. DoVENER with Mr. NEWLANDS. people who honored me with a seat in this House. We are told Mr. DICK with Mr. SPIGHT. that all but tv:o members ~f that committee signed the majority Mr. IRWIN with Mr. GoocH. report. I beheve the charrman of the committee himself will Mr. YOUNG with Mr. BENTON. confess that the chief activity, however, in behalf of the majority Mr. GIBSON with Mr. GOLDFOGLE. report has come from the chairman of the committee. Mr. STEWART of New Jersey with Mr. BELLAMY. . I ~as .somewhat impressed with the statement made by the Mr. EMERSON with Mr. BREAZEALE. diStinguiShed gentl e~an from California _[Mr. LOUD] as t-o the Mr. GR.AHAM with Mr. DoUGHERTY. la?or th~t the co~ttee had put upon thiS question, the worry Mr. LOUDENSLAGER with Mr. MICKEY, thiS subJect had gwen them, how they had considered it during the Mr. ScHIRM with Mr. REID. day and far into the night, and it occurred to me that after all Mr. BING HiM with Mr. STEPHEJ.~s of Texas. that attention, all that worry, all that trouble all that labor a Mr. KNAPP ~with Mr. RoBINSON of Nebraska. co~mittee composed of 17 members ought to have been able 'to Mr. FoWLER with Mr. HENRY of Mississippi. bnng forth a better child than this-a child that belongs to a Mr. SHERMAN with Mr. BELMONT. family-;-the c.ontract f~y-~hat has brought more shame and Mr. B.A.BCOCK with Mr. SwANSON. mor~. discredi~ upon this natiOn than all of the other national On this vote: families combmed. · Mr. HA.UGE..'I with Mr. NORTON, Contract service! I never hear that word "contract" men Mr. MA.NN with Mr. JETT. tioned in this connection that I do not think of convict-contract Mr. GROW with Mr. BARTLETT. Mr. BENTON. Mr. Speaker, I am infot·med that Mr. YoUNG labor_, but to the credit of convict-contract labor be it said that that IS let to the highest bidder. This is let to the lowest bidder of Pennsylvania, with whom I am paired, is not here. Therefore I desiJ:e to withdTaw my vote and be recorded "present." Cheap! ~heap! ~ ~sist th~t the brand of cheapness be not placed Mr. SWANSON. I have voted" no;" but I :find I am paired with UJ?On this. promlSlllg serYI?e. Almos~ a unanimous report, and the gentleman from Wisconsin, Mr. B.A.BCOCK, who is at home ill. With not~mg more promiSing than this! I fear the members of If he were present, he would vote "aye" and I should vote "no." the committe~~ourteous, gra~eful, a:cco~odating gentlemen Mr. WHEELER. I desire to withdraw my vote and be marked have ~allen VICtims t? th~ gemal smile and sunny disposition of my fn~nd from California. [Laughter.] I am afTaid he has "present," as I am paired with the gentleman from California, hypnotized the members of that committee. Mr. METCALF', I do know, Mr. Chairman, that there is no excuse for this bill· Mr. GOOCH. I find I am paired with my colleague Mr. I do know, Mr. Chairman, that there is no demand for this bill: IRWIN, and therefore desire to withdraw my vote and be m~rked This service was instituted a little over foUl' years ago. To-day, "present." The result of the vote was announced as above stated. ~ am. told,, there are w~ll on to 10,000 rur~l free-delivery caniers Mr. PAYNE moved to reconsider the vote just taken and also ~thiS na~on •.and I behev:e that no service-no experimental serv moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the tabl~. ICe-ever J.I?-Stltuted by thiS Government has so completely vindi cate~ the Ju.dgn;tent and the expectations of its sponsors. No The latter motion was agreed to. serVIce ever mstituted has spoken so eloquently for itself. LEAVE OF .A.BSENCE. To-day it is .nominally still an experimental service, but every Mr. STEPHENS of Texas, by unanimous consent, obtained leave member of this House knows that to-day it is an absolute fixture· of absence indefinitely, on account of important business. every member of this House knows that to-day it is an absolut~ 2360 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HO-USE. MAROH 4, . fact. And, more than that, we all know that millions of people 1\fJ:. LOUD. The gentleman had better confine himself to In this day in this Republic are extending their hands to this House diana. beseeching us to give them the blessings of this service; but just Mr. LANDIS. My distinguished friend from California would now, after this service has vindicated its right to life, this proposi put tbe carrier's wages at $1 a day. I will not subscribe to that. tion, looking to a complete revolution of the service, is brought in Mr. THAYER. They do not get a dollar a day with us. here. I say a complete revolution of the service, because the car Mr. LANDIS. They would not get a dollar a day under the riers make up the service, and if you revolutionize the methods of $300 per annum proposition. They would get less than a dollar a selecting these carriers, of paying these carriers, and controlling day, and furnish a wagon and two horses and board themselves these carriers, you revolutionize this service. There is no excuse and furnish their own smoking tobacco. [Laughter.] I say that whatever for this bill. The service has been a success from the when the gentleman related that little incident he answered the hour the experiment was begun. It has gone on winning friends objection by reciting that the Department served notice on that by leaps and bounds, and I believe to-day has a warmer place in carrier that they would remove him if he continued that practice, the affections of those it comes in contact with th..o:m any other and a few weeks later, on his bended knee, he appealed to the gen service in the Government. tleman from California to save his position for him. I do not believe that there is any demand for this bill. I do not Mr. LOUD. The gentleman's statement, of course, is meta· believe that there is a single member of the Post-Office Commit phorical. tee who has received a single letter from a single constituent ask Mr. LANDIS. And true to his large heru·t and generous in· ing for the passage of this bill. I do not believe there is a mem stincts, the gentleman from California saved the carrier. ber of this House who has received a letter from a single Mr. LOUD, Of course, the gentleman means that he was on constituent asking for the passage of this bill. his bended knee, metaphorically. I believe that this child was born in the mind and in the imagi Mr. LANDIS. Metaphorically speaking. nation of the distinguished gentleman from California, and I be Mr. LOUD. You were not present, of course. lieve that the support he received from the members of that Mr. LANDIS. · If my friend from California will pursue that committee was simply a perfunctory support-simply a nominal subject, he will probablyrememberthe fact that for fifteen years support; and I feel satisfied in my own mind that if the matter the city carriers have been attempting to have their salaries were dropped this very hour no tears would be shed by any other raised to $1,200 per annum, and year after year they have sent in member of that committee than the gentleman himself. their petitions. I presume they have sent their threats to some There is no excuse for the bill, no demand for the bill, but there members of this House; but their salaries have not been increased. are reasons for the bill. My distinguished friend from California knows that there has The first reason is that the members of the committee-most been a concerted move on the part of the railway mail clerks of conspicuously the gentleman from California-are afraid that this Republic during the last five or six years to have a reclassifi- these carriers will organize and overawe Congress. Poor Con cation bill pass this House.· · gress! They are about to overawe and intimidate the members of They have bombarded us with letters; they have sent delegates this body. My friend from California [Mr. LouD] bore down to us to see us at our homes. Up to a few weeks ago this oon· very heavily on that proposition, and after he had hammered it tinuous, concerted pressure had reached such a point as to alarm '-1> into the members of this House with all the force and energy of members of this House; piled up their mail so that some of them v his nature he undid it all by giving a little incident that had come had to employ special secretaries. A notioe came from the White under his own observation in his own district. He stated that a House to these gentlemen informing them that if any one of them city carrier who had been delivering mail in his Congressional attempted to bring influence to bear looking toward the enact district, because the distinguished gentleman from California had ment of any special legislation in which they were interested they not interested himself in securing him an increase of salary, had would lose their positions, and since that o1·der was issued I doubt gone along that route and worked up a feeling against him. whether a member of this House bas received a letter from any So far, so good; but the gentleman went on and stated that he member of that organization. . complained to the Department, and the Department came in and Mr. LOUD. If the gentleman cares to examine that, the com- served notice on that carrier that if it heard, of any further con mittee has some petitions and letters. tinuance of that work, he would be discharged; and the sequel to Mr. LANDIS. They were sent before the orde1· was issued. it all was that a few weeks later this carrier came to the gentle Mr. LOUD. They came to us a few days ago. man's office and on his knees begged him to see that he was not Mr. LANDIS. You probably did not see them before. discharged. Mr. LOUD. I do see practically everything that comes to that Mr. LOUD. I know the gentleman wants to be fair, but he committee. misstates the case. Evidently he did not hear or read what I Mr. LANDIS. I have not 1·eceived any. I .received hundreds said. of them before the order was issued. An order like that would Mr. LANDIS. I always want to be fair. operate in the same way with the rural free-delive1·y carriers if Mr. LOUD. I made no complaint to the Department; neither there were any necessity for it. My friend from ~ornia-- ·did I say or intimate anything of the kind. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Will the gentleman allow me to Mr. LANDIS. The Department took it up, did it not? ask him a question? Mr. LOUD. The Department took it up months before, on Mr. LANDIS. Certainly; with pleasm·e. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Does my friend from Indiana think their own responsibility. the President or anybody else in this country should shut off the Mr. LANDIS. How did the Department lmow it? people of this country from writing to their public servants or Mr. LOUD. Know what? bar them of the ancient right to petition? Mr. .LANDIS. Know that this carrier had made these threats? 1\fr. LANDIS. That has nothing to do with this question. Mr. LOUD. Why, it was not this particular ease that they Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I think it has. were looking out for, but they had men all over the country- Mr. LANDIS. Not at all. If my friend will bring in some Mr. LANDIS. They had men all over the country looking thing relevant, I will give it due consideration. for members of Congress who were about to be intimidated! I will say this, Mr. Chairman, that I feel that if any consider [Laughter.] able number of employees in any particular branch of this Gov· Mr. LOUD. No; looking after the carriers, and they haye them ernment establishes an organization to bring influence to bear now. upon this Congress to increase their salaries, it is proper that Mr. LANDIS. And they could ha~e them under this rural the President should give them notice that it would be cause for free-delivery carrier system. removal. [Applause.] And I would say this, while speaking on Mr. LOUD. I ha,-e no doubt about it. this organization of the railway mail clerks that I feel the Com Mr. LANDIS. And they would protect members of Congress mittee on Post-Offioes and Post-Roads could with a good deal in the same way, would they not? better gra.oe have given attention to the prayers and petitions that Mr. LOUD. Well, I do not think they have ever· protected the they have received from those people than to go out of the way g~ntleman who is on the floor at present. and try to revolutionize a system to which there is now no objec Mr. LITTLEFIELD. He has not needed any protection. tion. Mr. LANDIS. I have not needed any protection. I believe the railway mail clerks have justice on their side. I Mr. LOUD. No; b~:ause you have always been ready to obey believe that they have grievances that this Congress should give whatever they require. attention. I believe that there are inequalities in the salaries of Mr. LANDIS. No; but I will say to the gentleman from Cali railway mail clerks that Congress should correct. I do not be fornia that I have opposed the proposition to place the carrier in lieve that there is any class of men in this country who are doing Indiana in my district on the same plane as to wages as the gen as much work for as little pay as the railway mail clerks. And tleman from California places the Chinaman who works in Cali the same thing is true of clerks in post-offices. fornia. [Applause.] Chinese labor in California is rated at $1 My friend from California spoke with some emphasis of the part a day. that he had played in instituting this service originally. H~ 1902. '· CONGRESSION .AJj- :REljORD- HOUSE. 2361 stated that he was largely t·esponsible for it. He intimated that Mr. LANDIS. On former occasions when the Post-Office bill he would be willing to blush and plead guilty if anyone should was up before the House. say he was its "papa!" [Laughter.] He said that he had Mr. LOUD. The gentleman is mistaken, ai:ld I defy him to agreed to christen the child on the basis that it would require no find a word or a remark of mine showing that I was opposed to more than $300 a year for its support. any appropriation. Three hundred dollars a year for a free rural-delivery carrier, :Mr. LANDIS. I think the gentleman gave that impression from covering a t·oute 25 miles in lengthJ ~urnishing his own horse what he stated yesterday. two of them, generally-furnishing nis own wagon. Three hun ~Ir. LOUD. Had not the gentleman from Indiana better rely dred dollars a year! With no legal holiday; no annual leave; no on the RECORD instead of on his memory? sick leave. Three hundred days of continuous service, furnish Mr. LANDIS. No; on the proposed increase last month the ing two horses and a wagon, for $300; and yet the gentleman gentleman from California opposed it. from California brings in a bill each year providing for the pay Mr. LOUD. The gentleman from California did not oppose ment of $240 for the mail carrier who drives a cart in the small what the Department asked for. The Post-Office Committee has city. given all that the Depat·tment has asked for. :Mr. LOUD. The Post-Office Committee do not bring in any Mr. LANDIS. With all due consideration for the gentleman thing of the kind, neither have the Post-Office Committee fixed from California, I will say that his manner in handling this ques the salaJ.-y of the rural carriers. tion on the floor of the House has not left any other impression :Mr. LANDIS. The gentleman has never in any way called at on the minds of the members than that he was not heartily in tention of Congress to the allowance made to the cart man in the sympathy with this service. I do not think any better evidence small town, claiming it to be exorbitant. of that need be produced than the statements made yesterday to Mr. LOUD. The Post-Office Committee, permit me to say, the effect that if this service could be carried on as originally pro brings in a lump sum for carrying the mail for the Post-Office prosed~ on the basis of $300, it would have been all right. Department, and they have no knowledge of what is paid. But it is not a $300 service. It is not a cheap service, it is not Mr. LANDIS. The Post-Office Committee certainly has some a niggardly service; or it will not be when Congress gets through sort of jurisdiction. with this bill. It will not be a · cheap service. The members of Mr. LOUD. None whatever. this House will insist that the boy from the country who carries Mr. LANDIS. Well, you ought to have this mail over a stretch of 25 miles, furnishing two horses and a Mr. LOUD. The gentleman is getting into deep water when wagon, is at least equal to the boy in the town who drives a cart he gets into post-office matters. [Laughter.] over about one-third of the distanceanddoesnotworkanylonger. Mr. LANDIS. The gentleman from California, who has given Mr. LOUD. Then he ought to have $1,100, the gentleman says? such specific attention to the workings of the Post-Office Depart Mr. LANDIS. No; I don't think so, but I will tell the gentle ment, ought to give some attention to these other matters and be man what I would give him. consistent. The great committee over which the gentleman pre Mr. LOUD. If he is worth as much or more, he ought to be sides has sanctioned the allowance of $240 for a cart and horse in paid as much. a small city and yet insists that $300 a year is enough for the salary Mr. LANDIS. He is worth as much. of the rural free-delivery carrier who furnishes two horses and Mr. LOUD. How. much does your man get that you have a cart. alluded to? Mr. LOUD. That may be ingenuous, but it is not the fact. Mr. LANDIS. Eight hundred and forty dollars plus $.240. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Indiana Mr. LOUD. How much is that? [Laughter.] has expired. Mr. LANDIS. Almost $1,100. . Mr. SWANSON. I yield the gentleman fifteen minutes more. Mr. LOUD. Well, you say these men are worth as mueh or Mr. LANDIS. I do not want it understood that I think the more; why should not they"have it? allowance made the city carrier is too much. It is not too much; Mr. LANDIS. I would give it to them, I think. but I can not understand how the gentleman from California can Mr. LOUD. Then the gentleman is in favor of $1,100? reconcile his generous treatment of the city carrier with his pro :rtfr. LANDIS. I would pay the carriers from $600 to $1,100, posed niggardly treatment of the rural carrier. He sanctions a according to the routes over which they carry. And I do not salary of $850 for the city carrier and in addition an allowance of think that a competent superintendent or a competent inspector $240 for horse and cart. At the same time he insists that the rural or a competent agent would have any difficulty in deciding about carrier furnish two horses and a wagon and perform carrier serv what the salary should be. They do not seem to have any diffi ice on a route 25 miles in length all for $300. culty in deciding that question now in the cities. Some of these Mr. LOUD. What horse and cart is the gentleman referring to? carriers receive as low salaries as $300 a year. · Mr. LANDIS. To the horse and cart for a carrier in a town :Mr. LOUD. The law fixes the salaries paid in the cities. I do like Kokomo, Ind. The carrier gets a salary of $850 and anal not suppose the gentleman is aware that the Department has no lowance of 240 for cart and horse. discretion whatever in that matter. Mr. LOUD. The Government furnishes him with a horse and Mr. LANDIS. A law could be passed that would enable the cart? Postmaster-General to fix these salaries. Mr. LANDIS. The Government allows him $240 for the horse Mr. LOUD. But with the city canier the law fixes the salary. and cart. Mr. LANDIS. And the law could fix the salary of the rural :Mr. LOUD. They may make the allowance or they may furnish free-delivery carrier. it to him. . Mr. LOUD. Of course. Mr. LANDIS. Why would not it be right for the Government Mr. LANDIS. And we make the law. to furnish the rural free-delivery carrier with a horse and cart or Mr. LOUD. But the gentleman is making a comparison, and its equivalent, $240, besides the salat-y? saying that we could do so and so in the cities. I say we can not. Mr. LOUD. Perhaps it would. · Mr. LANDIS. We could change the law if we wanted to. A Mr. LANDIS. But not with the sanction of the gentleman law once passed can be changed. from California. Mr. LOUD. You can not change it. Mr. LOUD. The gentleman from Indiana is mistaken. Mr. LANDIS. Congress can. Mr. LANDIS. Well, the gentleman from California started Mr. LOUD. Would you advocate the change? out on a basis of $300 a yeat· for a rural free-delivery carrier. Mr. LANDIS. I would want the question fully presented, and Mr. LOUD. P-ermit me to say that neither the gentleman then I would, in my wisdom and discretion, decide it. from California, nor the Post-Office Committee, nor the House of Mr. LOUD. You know so much about the matter that you Representatives have ever up to the present' moment had any ought to be able to decide it now. thing to do with fixing the salary of the rural free-delivery car Mr. LAND1S. If, after laboring, as the gentleman from Cali rier. fornia has done, for months, I did not know anything more about Mr. LANDIS. I know; but you would only allow such a small this proposition than he seems to know, I would-- appropriation tha,t the Department could not pay more. Mr. LOUD. "ThegentlemanfromCalifornia "evidently knows Mr. LOUD. We have given them all they asked for and more, what he wants and the "gentleman from Indiana" does not. too. Mr. LANDIS. I do not think "the gentleman from Cali Mr. LANDIS. There is not a member on the floor of the House fornia'' knows what he wants. He knows what the people want, when this proposed appropriation was up that did not 1~eceive the and true to his instinct he is against what they want. impression that the proposed appropriation did not receive the en Mr. SHACKLEFORD. You say you are in favor of paying thusiastic indorsement of the gentleman from California. these" boys" $1,100 a year? Mr. LOUD. What does the gentleman refer to? Mr. LANDIS. I am, if they earn it. Mr. LANDIS. I am referring to the appropriations made for Mr. SHACKLEFORD. Now, I want to ask you whether you free-delivery service. do not know that such a salary would be in excess of the annual Ml·. LOUD. When? income of the farmers to whom this mail is carried and who in 2362 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. MAROH 4, the last extremity must pay these taxes for both the city carrier ice. As far as I am individually concerned, I would prefer to see and the country carrier? this service abolished altogether. I do not want the brand. of Mr. LANDIS. I do not know what the annual income of the cheapness placed upon it. Put it up to the lowest bidder, and the farmers is in your district; but the annual income of a large lowest bidder will get it, and that will mean a cheap service, and number of farmers in my district who receive their mail by the a cheap service will soon breed complaints, and the complaints rural free delivery exceeds 1,100 a year. will come to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads, Mr. SHACKLEFORD. More of them receive an annual in and the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads will at the come below that sum than above it. proper time dump those complaints in on this House and say that Mr. LANDIS. That may be true, but I say I would pay these this system is not feasible and that it ought to be abolished. - carriers exactly what they earn-no more and no less. I do not believe in discrediting this system in that way. It is Mr. SHACKLEFORD. And you would saddle the expense going now as we want it to go-we friends of the service-and it upon the farmer, as you always do, and then talk about the "boy" is making friends every day. The farmer is happy when he lea1ns in the country. that he is to have the service. I have heard no good reason, and Mr. LANDIS. I would not saddle it upon the farmer at all. I know there is no demand, for a change in the service. I think The cost of this service is paid out of the National Treasury. Let the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. SwANSON] touched the right me ask the gentleman from Missouri whether he has heard of any spot yesterday when he stated that if for no other reason this farmer complaining-- service should be continued because it would tend to popula1ize Mr. SHACKLEFORD. Yes, sir. country life. Mr. LANDIS. Because of excessive compensation paid these The tendency now is from the country to the city. The boys carriers? are leaving the farm. They are leaving the farm, and why? Be Mr. SHACKLEFORD. I have heard the farmers complain all cause it is lonesome on the farm, because it is monotonous on the the time that the expense of this and all other services is taxed fann, and they are going to the city where it is true a great· upon them; that the tax eaters are getting more than their share, many of them reach ultimately positions of distinction and a while the taxpayers are getting less and less. great many of them become hewers of wood and drawers of Mr .. LANDIS. I did not grant permission for the gentleman to water. · I would give the farmer a daily mail at his door. I inject his campaign speech into my remarks. · would make it possible for every farmer to receive a daily paper I shall insist, Mr. Chairman, that the rural free-delivery car throughout the length and breadth of this Republic, if such a rier who furnishes two horses and a cart, who boards the horses thing were practicable. Let him receive the magazines just as and looks after the repair of the cart, is entitled to just as good a soon as they are received in the town; make it possible for him to salary as the carrier who delivers the mail in the cities; I shall keep in touch with the daily market just as the man does in the insist that Congress should legislate so that this salary shall be town. fixed in accordance with the service rendered, and I insist that The CHAIRMAN . .The time of the gentleman has expired. the people who are the beneficiaries of this service will be satis Mr. LANDIS. Mr. Chairman, I would like just a few mo fied with nothing less. This service is a farmers'·service, and the ments more. farmers are satisfied with it as it is. The only complaint they Mr. SWANSON. I yield the gentleman five minutes more. make is that it is not extended with sufficient rapidity. They do Mr. LANDIS. I would do this, Mr. Chairman, in order to not want it changed to a contract service. They do not think check this tendency from the country to the city, and I would there is extravagance in this service. I have heard complaints do it notwithstanding the fact that it costs money. Of course it from the country as to the extravagant prices paid for carrying costs money. I want it to cost money. I do not know of anything the mails on the railroads. that is good that we get in this Republic that does not cost money. Big prices are paid for that service, and the gentleman from Of course, there are complaints when we spend money. We California seems glad; at least, I have heard no objection from hear complaints when the proposition is made to improve the him. Big p1ices are paid to the steamboats for mail transporta rivers and harbors; but it comes from those who do not seem to tion, and the gentleman seems glad; at least, I have heard no appreciate that our commerce in this Republic has· developed objection from him. Big prices have been paid for years to the almost miraculously. We hear these same complaints when a original star-route contractors; and I have heard no objection great appropriation comes in here providing for millions for pub from the distinguished gentleman from California. Members of lic buildings-complaints made by "little Americans," who do that committee also seem to be glad (at least, they take no excep not seem to appreciate the fact that vast stretches of country tions) on account of the niggardly pay given to the men who actu which :fifty years ago were desolate and waste have become peo ally carry the star-route mail and the men who carry letters along pled by millions of Ameiicans, whose hope and ambition has blos the rural free-delivery routes. The subcontractor on the star somed into cities, and that Columbia pays a premium in the shape route and the man who carries the rural route seem to have no of a public building. place in the affections of this Post-Office Committee. · · We heard complaints made here just after the blowing up of I remember, three years ago, going from a little town in my the Maine in opposition to a war with Spain because it would district to a place 15 miles distant. I rode with an old soldier cost money and because it would increase the pension roll. We who carried the star route. He carried it every day, and he told me had that war, it did cost money, and it :will possibly increase the that his compensation was $90 a year. He furnished his own horse, pension roll; but this country vindicated its honor, this nation he furnished his own wagon, he fed his horse, and he looked after vindicated its right to live among the family of nations, and by the repairs of the wagon, and the original conti·actor, I was told that war this nation was elevated to a position from which a year afterwards, received $400 for the carrying of that route. I would ago our President dictated terms to the monarchies of the world. like to see the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads to-day Cost! Of course this service will cost. Everything you have come to the rescue of these men rather than propose a revolution in this Republic that is worth having costs. I want this rural of this service to which no one is taking any exceptions. route service to cost more each year, because then I will know Mr. COWHERD. 1 would like to suggest to the gentleman that it is increasing, and scattering its blessings over a wider area. from Indiana that we have already rescued those men. But I want nothing cheap about it. I do not want the word "con-· Mr. LANDIS. I heard that some time ago, and yet my friend tract" associated with it. from B1idgeport tells me that a route was let just a short time I do not know how long I will belong to this House, but as long ago out of the town in which he lives, where this rescue was not as I am here and see this appropriation brought in for rural free in evidence. delivery, every time I hear the item read, I will think of the Mr. COWHERD. I will state that it is the purpose of the De American farmer sitting in his own home, in front of his own partment to provide that the carrier must live along the route. hearthstone in the evening, dividing with his wife and children Mr. LANDIS. Yes, the carrier m11st live along the route, but the joys and comforts that come from a daily mail, the greatest I insist that some other person who lives along the route-the blessing the American home can have from the American Gov fellow who has a few thousand dollars, who has made it possibly ernment. [Applause.] taking chattel mortgages on horses and cows belonging to poor Mr. SWANSON. I yield twenty-five mi:r;mtes to the gentleman families-he lives along the route, too, and he will bid in this from Georgia [Mr. MADDOX]. route, and then he will sublet it to some poor devil who can eke Mr. MADDOX. Mr. Chairman, in the first place I desire to say out a miserable existence carrying the route. Living along the that I have the utmost confidence in the chairman of this Commit route does not solve this problem. In order to solve it the provi tee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads and in the members of that sion must be that the man who bids in the route must not only committee. I have the greatest respect for the independence of the live along the route but carry the route. Tpis evil in star-route chairman of that committee, and especially have I the greatest re contracts has not been corrected. spect for my colleague from Georgia (Mr. GRIGGS] who is on that Mr. Chairman, I have possibly spoken longer than I should on committee. It was with the utmost reluctance that on this occasion this question, and disconnectedly, because of the interruptions of. I have found m_yself compelled to differ with their conclusions. the gentleman from California [laughter], but I feel that the Ordinarily we are necessarily conti·olled by the reports of the House would make a great mistake in revolutionizing this serv- committees on these bills that are brought before the House for 1902. ' OONGRESSIONA·L RECORD- HOUSE. 2363 our consideration, but on this question that is before us to-day it Now, gentlemen, does it not occur to you that they grade these seems to me that every member of Congress ought to be as well carrier& in this Department according to the service they ren · posted as the committee. der? Is it impossible for the Post-Office Committee to frame a Now, I may confess that when this question was first suggested bill by which these routes can be graded? In other words, where I was heartily in favor of some reformation along this line; but a man carries a route 14 miles, or 25 miles, or 20 miles his case after matuTe deliberation on thia subject, I have come to the con may be regulated somewhat in the same manner and in the same clusion that we have commenced our reform at the wrong place. form as the salary of city carriers. . If there are any people in this country more than others who ought Now, I want to call attention further to this matter. There are to receive our consideration, they are the people who live in the other people who are interested in the postal service. I have rural districts. They have submitted to all sorts of taxation. called your attention to 17,000 city carriers in this country who They have submitted to all sorts of hardships, uncomplaining at are delivering mail at salaries, ranging from $600 up to $1,000 a all times. They have no lobby here to represent them in this year. Capitol. They have no paid attorney to represent their interests Now, listen to this: There are 9,182 postal clerks employed under here, but they must rely upon their Representatives in this Con the Government. They cost the Government$7,675,436.72. How gress to do them justice. are these people appointed? They are required to pass an exami Now, as I say, after I carefully considered this matter, with nation-which is proper. No gentleman will deny that consider my prejudices, I may say, all in the other direction, I was forced ing the importance of their service; and yet at the same time there after deliberate conclusion that if we pass this bill we do a Wl'Ong are ten men for every position open for appointment who are to the people who reside in the rural districts of the United States. eligible and make themselves eligible by examination for appoint If we want to begin reform, gentlemen, there are other places ment that the Government has to give. Why does not the Go-v where we can begin with a great deal more credit to ourselves ernment let these places by contract? Is it not just as easy and and to the country. Some of these I want to call to your atten reasonable? . tion this morning. But it is said by the chairman of this committee that we can I want, in the first place, to begin with the origin of the rural not arrange this matter, because some routes are longer than oth free-delivery service. It began by appropriating $10,000 in 1894, ers; some men deserve more than others. Let us see how the in the Fifty-third Congress-a Democratic Congress. In 1895, Post-Office Department manages this postal service; I have told 10,000 was appropriated; in. 1896, $10,000; in 1897, $40,000; in you about the city ca.ITiers. There are 1,292 clerks of Class A at 1898, $150,000; in 1899, 450,000; in 1900, $1,750,000, and in 1901, $1,400; there are 1,824 at 1,200; 4,255 at $1,000; 2,358 not exceed in the last Congress, $3,500,000 was appropriated for this service. ing (the law says) $900; there are 680 of these clerks that do not Now, let me call your attention to another fact. As I say, if it exceed 800. Have they not found a way to regulate the service is our purpose to begin a reform in this service, I propose to point of these gentlemen on the railroads? out to this assembly to-day that there is another body that we Now, let us take this into consideration. It is a plain business can reach with more force and more reason than these people whom proposition; gentlemen. Take the railway mail clerks. They are you expect to reach by this bill. Now, listen to this: There are examined by. a civil-service board; they are required to come up 17,789 carriers in the city free-delivery service, at a cost of $16,- -toacertain percentage. Isaynow,andibelieveitcannot be suc 140,450, with additional expenses which carries the amount to cessfully contradicted, that for every place we have to give in the $18.745,450. railway-postal service, of the men who handle the mails in this Now, mark you, we have appropriated $3,500,000 for the rural country, that there are at least ten men who make themselves carrier service. For city delivery alone we have appropriated eligible for every position in that service. Now, is it not just as $18,750,000, which amount is necessary for the purpose of deliver reasonable that we shall advertise this work, and say to these ing the mail to the people who liye in cities. men, " Which one of you will take this for the least amount of - Now, my friends, let me call your attention to another fact. money?'' I want to say that it takes a better man in every respect to make Is not the same proposition applicable to the city delivery? a successful rural carrier than it does to make a successful city When we examine these clerks or carriers for city delivery, in carrier. A city carrier simply delivers the mail that is given to many instances there are 25 applicants for every vacancy e1Qst him on his route, or he goes to the boxes and takes up that mail ing. Why not say to them, "you shall be employed by con and turns it in at the post-office. tract, which one of you will carry t"4is mail for the least amount?" A rural carrier not only delivers the mail along his route, but But, my friends, that is not the idea; that is not the object of the he is required to sell postage stamps, to register letters, to sell Government, and it ought not to be. Under the civil service in post-office orders, and, in fact, everything that the postmaster this COlmtry, if it is properly and honestly administered, the idea does himself. So it requires a better class of men to fill the posi is to give it to the men who are best qualified to fill these positions. tion of rural carrier than it does the position of city carrier. Then, I ask, in the name of God, why should we draw the line Now, what is required of a city carrier? Of course, every man when it comes to serving our country constituency, the very mud who applies for the position of a carrier in a city has to undergo sill of this great Republic of ours? Must we say to the people who an examination at the post-office by a set of men who a1·e author live in·our rural districts, "You are to be served by contract and ized to make this examination. So far as m"y experience goes, by inferior men, and will take it for the least sum, and all the there are at least 20 men who stand examinations for every posi requirement that is necessary to deliver the mail is that you can tion that is to be filled. Now, why should not the Post-Office read and write, that you have got a good moral character, and Committee come in and say that the position of city carriers should if you do not want to carry the contract longer than thirty days be submitted to contract? Here are 20 eligible men, who have you can throw it up?" proven themselves to be perfectly eligible by examination. They Now, my friends, that is all wrong; that will not do. Let me are competent to carry the mails through the city. Why not say to tell you somethin"- Of all the people on God Almighty's earth these 20? ''We will give it to the man who will take it for the least that ought to receive the consideration of this Congress of the money." They are equal in every respect, morally, physically, United States it is those people who live in the rural districts of socially, and otherwise, except, perhaps, there is a difference in this country. They have submitted to all sorts of exaction, all the marks made in their examination. sorts of taxation, and there is no man in the hearing of niy voice Now, I present for your consideration this fact. There are who does not know that in the hour of trouble in this country 17,000 of them, at a cost of over $18,000,000 to this Government, they are our safeguard and our support and the great conserva and yet there are 10 men who have qualified themselves for the tive element in this country at all times and on all occasions. position where there is one position to let. Is it not just as [Applause.] feasible, just as reasonable, that these men should bid for this Then, why should we begin this question of reform upon the work-these 10, these 20~ these 25, who make themselves eligible people who have never received anything at the hands of the United as city carriers-and submit their bids and say that "we will States Congress, when we could more appropriately begin else take this position for $500 instead of $800? '' where? But gentlemen have said the difficulty about rural routes is that Now, I want to say that I do not believe I have been fairly " some men carry a route of 18 miles, some a route of 10 miles, treated by the people at the Post-Office Department. I believe in some a route of 20 miles, and some carry one of 25 miles, and that a large measure, before the civil service was applied, that they we can not regulate this matter. Let me call your attention to had been using this service to advance political purposes; but is the the report of the Postmaster-General in regard to the city delivery. Department to blame? Is it not the fault of the members of this This is the very latest report from the Postmaster-General. My House? But I do not believe it can be done now. I believe that idea is 4,;~ present to the House how they regulate the carriers in when the President of the United States put this service under the city delivery, and to impress upon you, if I can, why it is they the civil-service law he meant what he said, and he will see that may not just as well regulate the salary of the carrier of the rural the law is enforced; and that is an answer to all the questions delivery on the same basis. Now listen to this. Fourteen hundred that have been submitted by the other gentlemen who have carrins receive for their services $600 for city delivery, 707 car spoken upon this measure in relation to this service being used riers $800, 6,317 carriers $850, 9,365 carriers $1,000. for political purposes. 2364 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 4, Mr. FLEMING. I wish to say to the gentleman right here, if wrong place. In the first place, so far as I know or have ever he will allow me, for his own gratification, that I am authorized heard, no complaint has come up from the people in reference to by the chah·man of the Civil Service Commi sion to say that the this rural free-delivery system. This cry of '' reform '' seems to case cited by the gentleman from Kentucky yesterday, where five have originated absolutely in the Committee on the Post-Office Republicans and no Democrats were put into the department in and Post-Roads. Now, if the people do not complain-if nobody Kentucky, that it was done before the 1st of February, when this complains-why is it that gentlemen begin to curtail the privi order went into effect. leges and the rights of these people who live in the country? Mr. BURLESON. Now, if the gentleman from Georgia will But perhaps some gentleman will say in behalf of the commit permit me, right on that point, I have a letter here from the tee, "We do not propose to do that; we propose to let out this superintendent of the rural delivery service in relation to the service by contract." I want to say to this House that recently appointments which it was said yesterday were made contral'y to down in Alabama, under this contract system, a gentleman took the civil-service law in the Seventh Congressional district in a contract to deliver the mails over a 6-mile route, which passed Kentucky. I will read from it: over a river, for 8143. After he took the contract he discovered The cases referred to are the routes esta.blished at Georgetown, Scott that his ferriage across the river would amount to $150 a year, County Ky., on March 1 this year. The investigation b:y the special leaving him $7 in debt. This simply illustrates how far the con agent was made early in December, his report being dated December 12, 1001. You understand that the civil- ervice rules went into effect on Febru tract system will go. ary 1, 190'2. At the time the Georgetown ,Ky., investigations were made the Now, I want to say that of all the things upon God Almighty's ciVil-service rules were not in effect and me1 selections were made under the earth that I want to rid my people of in the Seventh district of pmctice in vogue before February 1. No examination whatever was held, either civil service or otherwise. The selections were left entirely to the Georgia is this infernal contract system of delivering the mails. judgment and discretion of the special agent who was on the ground. [Applause.] Of all the disgraceful, damnable things that under After the special agent had made his report, the Representative from that take to represent the United States, this service, in many in district submitted a letter to this office requesting that all of the appointees suggested. by the special agent be dropped from the service and certain per stances, is the worst. [Renewed applause.] And I speak with sons whom he suggo8ted be appointed. It was explained to him personally a knowledge of conditions that prevail to a large extent in my that the men named by the agent were bonded at the time of the investiga country. tion and were selected in good faith and that the Department could not see its way cleal' to disapprove the recommendation of the special agent unless Now suppose you submit this matter to contract; suppose the he (the Repre entative) could show that the nominees were not fit to per~ work of delivering the mails by rural carriers over certain routes form service or were men of bad character. be given out to the lowest bidder. Under this bill you requil,'e In reply to your further inquiry, I have to say that since the inaugm·n.tion of the civil-service rules, February 1, no appointment either to fill vacancy that the man who undertakes this service shall be able to read or for original senice has been made not in strict accordance with the rules. and write and be of good character, etc. Well, unfortunately, It is true thn.t mo.ny carriers who were selected and banded in December, down in my county we have lots of negroes who can read and some as far back a.s Nov-ember, will not begin operations until March some as late as April. All men selected prior to February 1 and sworn in kfm·e write, and I want to say for their benefit that some of them are of that date ara entitled to appointment. good character and can read and write. Yet they are objectiona Very respecttully1 A. W. MACHEN1 ble to the people as rural carriers. You people on the other side Geneml Superintendent. of the House can not understand this question. We must work That is a complete answer to the charges made here yesterday out this problem for ourselves. You can not help us. You can with reference to the Kentucky cases. injure us much by imposing the negro upon the people as rural car :Mr. 1r1ADDOX. That only emphasizes~ 1\fr. Chairman~ what I riers. This proposition opens up the race question and for that said befo1·e. reason, if for no other, I would stand here and oppose this bill as Ml·. LANDIS. Will the gentleman. allow me a statement? long as I can speak. Mr. MADDOX. Yes. Mr. SHAFROTH. Will the gentleman yield for a question? Mr. LANDIS. While on that point I would like to say that I 1\fr. MADDOX. Yes; for a dozen of them. was very much impressed by the statement made by the gentle 1\.fr. SHAFROTH. Do the oolored people in the South get con man. from California here yesterday, to the effect that the super tracts tmder the star-route system? intendent of the rural delivery had stated to a member of this 1\f.r. BARTLETT. Yes} some do; take subcontracts at least. :a._ouse that, notwithstanding the fact that this service has been Mr. MADDOX. I am glad the gentleman has asked that ques placed in the classified service, he would see that the Republican "tion. I answer that in certain parts of the South you can hardly members of Oongress would control the appointments. I took it start out O:Q. a cotmtry road, north, south, east, or west, that you up to the superintendent this morning, and he authorized me to do not see a negro from 15 to 23 years old, half clothed, driving a tate that the report that he bad said anything of that kind was one-eyed mule or perhaps with the United States mail bag on his untrue. shoulder; and he repre ents the United States mail service under Mr. LOUD. I regret to be compelled to correct the ,gentleman the star-route system. [Applause.] Is that a sufficient answer from Indiana all the time1 but permit me to say that the gentle to the gentleman? I say that this system is the most disgraceful man from California made no such statement. and damnable business that the Government ever engaged in. · Mr. LANDIS. I cel'tainly undoo:stood the gentleman so. Mr. SHAFROTH. In any part of the South that I have ever :Mr. LOUD. The gentleman fl'om Indiana is mistaken. I said visited !have nevel' seen such conditions. that uch p1·omises had been made. Mr,l\IADDOX. Why~ my friend 1 you never-you certainly ,.. 1\Ir. MADDOX. Now Mr. Chairman1 I want to submit a few· never visited the rural districts. As I have had occasion to say more remarks. I say that fl'om an examination of these figures heretofore in this House, if you start out in the rural sections of it seems to me that. if the Post-Office Committee wanted to begin a the South, and especially in that part of the country in which I reform, there is wide room to begin somewhm·e else othe:r than upon live, the most miserable and d.ilapidated conveyance that you meet our country constituents~ in the road is a vehicle devoted to can'ying the United States mail I want to call youl' attention to the fact that, taking the city at 50 cents a day, or some other small sum) the man paying his delivery system and the postal clerks upon tlte train it forms an own expenses. army of about 28>000 men, while the rural free-delivery system Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. I understood the gentleman from has about six. thousand and some odd men. And while the city Georgia to say that the colored people in his section are educated delivery and the railroad-delivery people are extl'acting from the and are of good character. Now, if that be the fact as to the col Treasury about $28,000,000 a year, the rural-delivery service is ored man in the South, what is to preclude him from getting getting about $3,500 000 a year; and yet these gentlemen become. these contracts under the present civil-service regulations pro- alarmed about the rm·al free-delivery carrier and fear they will vided with reference to the rural free delivery? . upset the whole Government. I have heard it said that perhaps Mr. MADDOX. Well, I will tell you. As far as I am cbn the railroads of this country are charging two or three times as cm·ned, in my district, I will take. care of that. much as they ou(J'ht to charge- for transporting the mails. Would Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. That is what I want to get at. I not that be a good place to begin •' reform?'' want to know whether the civil service is to be a civil service or Now, Mr. Chairman, we have begun a system of extending the whether other influences are to come in _and control apart from mails to our rural constituencies, and we ought to carry to them the civil service. the daily _!llails in every homestead, however remote. Mr. MADDOX. · The rule says the patrons shall select. [Here tne hammer fell.] Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. Yes; I have read th~ rules, and t Mr. SWANSON. How much more time does the gentleman propose to have something to say about the rules before this dis from Gemgia want? cus ion is over. Of all the miserable farces that ever was gotten Mr. MADDOX. Five minutes. , up in the way of a civil-service examination this is unparalleled. Mr. SWANSCN. I take pleasure in yielding the gentleman Mr. GAINES of .Tennessee. Will the gentleman tell us why five minutes more; he is malting such a good speech. He may the system is defective? have ten minutes if he wishes. Mr. S~fiTH of Kentucky. I will ten you. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Georgia is entitled to 1\Ir. MADDOX. Mr. Chairman I believe I have the floor. I ten minutes more~ wan.t to read this in answer to the gentleman's inquiry: 1\fr. MADDOX. What I desired to say2 Mr. Chainnan, was The examination as conducted by the special agent or the route inspooror this: I believe we have begun the reform in this matter at the shall require only such scholastic ability as may be necessary to enable the 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2365 applicant to read and write, and shall consist of answerin~ a series of per S. 942. An act for the relief of Harlow L. Street; sonal questions in the applicant's own handwriting, relating, among other things, to his phy ical condition, his previous experience, training, and oc S. 3261. An act authorizing the Eldorado and Bastrop Railway cu.-pation, the length of his residence in the community, and his ability to Company to construct and maintain a bridge across the Ouachita furnish the necessary ~uipment and to provide a suitable substitute in cases River, in the State of Arkansas; of emergency; tho reading of 25 •• ddressed envelopes or cards, and such other pr~ctical tests as will demonstrate the competitor's ability to actually per S. 678. An act for the relief of W. T. Scott and others; form the work required. The examination shall further consist of a careful S. 162. An act for the erection of a public building in Reno, Nev.; inquiry and report by the special agent or the route inspector as to e. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Wouldmyfriendputin a partisan Section 10 says: enemy if he had the appointing power? That after the examination the special aaent or the route inspector shall Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. I am not saying what I would do, at once forward all the papers to the central board, including a report of the but I am saying what takes place under these rules and regula result of his inquiries and observations. tions, or what may take place under them. Yes; he has to submit a report of his" inquiries and his observa Now, let us see about the examination. tions." He is turned loose to say whatever he pleases as among SEc. 7. The special agent or route inspector shall personally conduct the these various applicants. I am here to say that there will be examinations, and must be constantly present. _ men in my party, there will be men in your party, that will be The peculiar character and unusual scope of the examination willing to color their reports by reason of their political partisan and inquiries are given in section 9, which reads: ship; there ever has been and always will be. 9. The examination as conducted b;y- the special agent or the route inspector The ·cHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. shall r equire only such scholastic ability as may be necessary to enable the Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. I should like to have a few minutes applicar:.t to r ead and write, and shall consist of answerin~ a series of per more. sonal questions in the applicant's own handwriting, relating, among other Mr. LOUD. -I will yield the gentleman five minutes, or ten, if things, to his physical condition, his previous experience, trainin~, and occu pation, the length of his residence in the community. and his ability to fur he wants it. How much do you want? nish the necessary e11uipment and to provide a suitable substitute in cases of Mr. Sl\ITTH of Kentucky. Ten minutes. emer~ency; the reading of 25 addressed envelopes or cards; and such other practical tests as will demonstrate the competitor's ability to actually per Mr. LOUD. I yield ten minutes to the gentleman. form the work r equired. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Kentucky is recog But it does not end there. nized for ten minutes. Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. It says that he shall forward all The examination shall further consist the papers to tlle central board of examination- Of what? including a report of the result of his i:lquiries and his observations con of a careful inquiry and report by the special agent. cerning the competitors, and his recommendations as to those best qualified. You do not stop with the examination of the applicant as to his This route agent, not the Civil Service Commission, not the scholastic qualifications. You do not stop with a practical test of, central board, the route agent has to submit his recommendation his ability to write and to read addressed envelopes, but you com concerning these competitors, in which he is to recommend the mission your special agent and your route inspector to institute a one which he thinks is best qualified. . private inquiry into this man's ch?tracter, and so forth. Mr. BARTLETT. Will the gentleman allow me a question? This says: Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. In a few minutes. The examination shall further consist of a careful "inquiry and re:port by Upon receiving the papers of an examination, the central board of exam the special agent or the route inspector as to each competitor's acquamtance iners shall proceed to rate the same, the rating to be determined by a careful with the patrons of the route and the extent to which he has their confidence, consideration of the qualifications of the competitors, as shown by all the his general characteristics, suitability, and fitness for the position, and his papers submitted by the special agent or the route inspector. character and r eputation." Yes; by all the papers. They are not confined to the scholastic That is, you commission him to go out and inquire about all of examination made; they are not confined to the recommendations these things, and thi~ man makes his own report. If he is a as to character or reputation, but the central board is likewise to partisan and takes up the case of a man who is on the other consider the recommendation of this route agent; and in nine side of the fence politically from him, he colors his report so as cases out of ten I am prepared to predict that the route agent's to tm·n that man down and put in a political friend. They will" recommendation will control the central board. Further, I want do it in ninety-nine cases out of every hundred. He submits his to say to this House-I believe I have demonstrated the fact report, and if he has doubt-- that this civil-service examination provided for by this Depart Mr. SHACKLEFORD. Do you think there is any danger of ment is unlike any civil-service examination ever provided under their doing that down in this country where the Republicans any law of the United States or under any rules or regulations of have no show? the Civil-Service Commission. . Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. No; I do not. You simply turn these special agents and route inspectors out Mr. SHACKLEFORD. Where the Republicans elect their men to select the carriers upon the free-delivery routes of the United by contested elections, instead of by fixing up political machines. States, and their recommendations control in 99 out of 100 cases. }tfr. BARTLETT. What country does the gentleman refer to? Now, the gentleman from Tennessee a while ago referred to the So far as the part of. the country that I know anything about is fact that the patrons would control. But what does this rule say? concerned, that is not a correct statement. The rule says: .Mr. S~IITH of Kentucky (reading)- That when selection is to be made for the initial appointment of a carrier and in any case where the examiner has doubt as to the competitor's charac on a. newly established route, one of the persons nominated by the petitioners ter or reputation he shall not only make inquiry of the persons given as ref will be selected if in other respects his qualifications are equal to those of the other eligibles. erences in the application1 but also consult two or more prominent citizens not mentioned by the applicant. . Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. "Nominated by the petitioners?" Yes, you do not confuie him to the persons given as references, Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. Yes, sir. but you say to him he may also inquire of two more persons-two Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. How else do you want them more prominent persons-not mentioned as references by the ap nominated? plicant. Now, who is going to judge? Suppose he is a Democrat? Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. Wait a moment. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Why, no man is appointed to If in other respects his qualifications are equal to those of the other these places unless the people petition for him. eligibles. · Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. I say the gentleman is wholly un If your special agent or route inspector has so reported on the informed upon that question. examination and his investigation as to place others higher up in Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I hold in my hand the blank form the eligible list than the man nominated by the patrons on the of petition to prove that. route, the latter inevitably fails under this regulation of the De Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. I understand. Just wait for an in partment. I am perfectly willing to say, Mr. Chairman, that stant. whatever system you may adopt for the appointment of these car Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I hope the gentleman will not be riers, that politics is going to control in the main, whether the so positive in his statement as that. one party or the other is in power. I am candid enough to say I Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. If I do not cover the point, then ask believe that. In this matter I am seeking to help frame such a me a question at the conclusion of my remarks. Now, he is au law as I believe will get the best service for the people of the thorized to inquire of two persons outside of the references given United States at the least expenditure of money. two prominent persons. Suppose your agent, or route inspector, I would be willing to see written into the law a · provision that is a Democrat; he wants to get the Democratic can'ier appointed; would do away with this alleged civil-service examination and he makes inquiry of the referees. permit the people along these routes to nominate their preference Now, he is not satisfied, or at lea-st he pretends not to be, and he for carrier and require that the Department shall be bound by goes out and he hunts up two prominent Democrats, and he in that nomination. I am willing to write it into the law that that quires of them as to the standing, character, and reputation of shall be the rule governing this matter. I believe it will come the Republican applicant for the carrier's position. They say he nearer taking it out of politics than any other provision that can is not of equal character with the Democratic applicant. That be adopted, unless it is the contract system. · Democratic route agent or inspector makes a report more favor Mr. SIMS. May I interrupt the gentleman? able to the Democratic applicant than he does to the Republican Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. Yes. applicant. That report iB a part, sir, of the documents that the Mr. SIMS. Can you tell me whether any colored men are now central ~oard are governed by in making the eligible list. They serving as letter carriers in the cities? · not only take the examination that the applicant has passed, but Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. I am unable to answer that ques they take into consideration likewise the report made by the spe tion. There is not a city in the district from which I come. I cial agent or route in8pector. Now, am I right about that? : represent an agricultural disttict. I am in favor of the extension 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2367 of this service, but in extending it I do not wish to build up_ the service rules established by this Department, to leave it to the greatest political machine th~t has evet _been construc~d. smce local route inspector to pass upon the character and reputation of the foundation of the Amencan Republic. I am unwillmg to these men. So far as I am concerned, I would prefer to leave the give my voice and support to any law that I believe ~ll build up determination upon their character and reputation with the an organization of that kind for yom· party or for mme. Postmaster-General. Now, Mr. Chairman, with these few remarks, I close what I [Here the hammer fell.] have to say. Mr. LOUD. I yield to the gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee .. Before the gentleman concludes I GARDNER] one hour or such part thereof as he may desire to oc- want him to yield to me. cupy. · Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. Certainly. Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, if the pro Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. The gentleman stated a few min· vision of this bill which is being discussed-for it is noticeable utes ago that the people, as petitioners, had nothing to do with the that in all the talk about the bill but a' single feature has been selection of the carrier. Now I want to show to the gentleman by alluded to-shall be· productive of no other results than the this official paper itself that he is mistaken. Here is a blank used debate which it has developed-the presenting to the House, and, by the Department headed "Applicants for position of carrier." I hope, to the country, a view of the future vastness of this grow On the left-hand side there is a column for the '' names of the a p mg service which men are justly eulogizing here: and none think plicants " and on the opposite side a column for the names of more highly of it than I do, and the conditions which we are not those ""by whom they are proposed," that is, the people or peti merely anticipating but foresee, and the problems which they tioners. In this left-hand column a thousand-any number-: must raise for solution-then no bill which has been before this could petition for the appointment for A, B, C, and D. House at this session, and none, I apprehend, which may come Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. I thought I made that proposition before it, will perform a better or more timely service to the plain. The rule cencerning that is this: In the appointment of country. these men, that man will be selected who is petitioned for by the The figures of speech indulged in by the gentleman from Indi patrons, if, in other respects, his qualifications are equal to those ana [Mr. LANDIS] arenotmereoratory. Mr. Chairman, theyare, of the other eligibles. I apprehend, expressive, with the accuracy of a vision of that Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Does the gentleman think the ma which is to come. The people of this country will construe-aye, jority of the people would petition for a man who could not read they have construed-rural free delivery to mean somethll,lg or wTite, or who was a man of bad character? . more than this 20-mile-route arrangement that we now have and lYI.r. SMITH of Kentucky. The gentleman from Tennessee are talking about. They have construed, and they are going seems to misapprehend the subject entirely. The eligible list is to compel Congress to construe, rural free delivery to mean a made up by the central board of examination on the .rec~mmen dation made by the route agent, who holds the exammation and universal free delivery of the mail·to practically every family in sends in the papers to the board, with his own recommendation the United States, and they are right. There is not a man on accompanying the papers. The central board then rates these this floor or elsewhere who has given any consideration to ~his men on this report of his, and, of course, he colo1·s his report so subject, especially if he has been in contact with the people, who as to give his partisan friends a higher rating than he does for has not understood that to be the condition, the temper, and ir those of the opposite. party. So that when it comes to filling the resistible demand of the I'Ural and suburban people. vacancy the ·petitioners' choice can not be regarded if of d_iffer Now, we are, to use the phrase, "up against" one of the great ent politics to the inspector, because there is a man rated higher est internal problems in both a financial and political sense that than the man they have petitioned for. the people of this country have for many years, if ever, met. In Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. But suppose two men had each a my judgment it is an understatement of the facts to say that in maximum rating on everything, and more people petitioned for the near future this system means the service of 30,000,000 people one than the other; which would the central board appoint? by 60,000 carriers at an expense of more than $100,000,000 a year, Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. Under this rule, of course, if they if the service goes on under present conditions: At least this bill are all of the same class, why, it may be possible that the man is not premature if it compels this House to think upon the sub recommended by the people would obtain it, but there never will ject. This is the hour to take into consideration the really serious be such a state of facts. If my friend from Tennessee has not questions of the plans and the methods by which you are in the observed enough in politics to know that regardless of whether future to conduct that vast service and the economies connected it is our party or whether it is the other party we can work un with it. The gentleman from Indiana, when he talks about a der circumstances of that kind so as to favor our own partisan salary of $1,000 a year and horses and wagons, only draws the friends, then he has served his time very poorly. picture which is drawn elsewhere, and in high quarters and among Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. The gentleman is too good a law some caiTiers. That, sir, is what is coming if things go on under yer to say that he does not know that where discretion is lodged present conditions. in an officer, as in all these cases, even the star-route cases, when Mr. LANDIS. Will the gentleman yield for a question? he exercises that discretion, that is the end of it, and it is the end Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Certainly. of it whether he is a Democratic or whether he is a Republican Mr. LANDIS. If that compensation is not right, are you in who decides the case. favor of reducing the compensation of the city carriers accord- Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. But under this system they would ingly? · or might build up an eligible list bas.ed upon the rating that the l\1r. GARDNER of New Jersey. I will come to that in time. inspector or agent recommends to secure partisan advantages It has nothing to do with this question. We are now dealing at the expense of the public service. with a separate subject-something comparatively new-soma Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. And that is referred to this cen thing that is about to develop into proportions never contem tral board of five? plated by anybody up to the present time-something that is Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. They are merely mechanical in going to cost more than the present expenses of the Post-Office their work. Department. Now is the time to consider it, and not resort to Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Oh, if the board is of no accolmt, the old subterfuge resorted to alike by enthusiasts and dema if the members have no sense, honesty, or integrity-- gogues, which is to walk around the circle and say, " I do not see · Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. I did not say that; but the rules and any more reason for cutting at one place than ·another." But regulations under which they work confine them to the papers the gentleman's question is an admission of the correctness of my and reports returned by the route inspector, and they can not statement. consider anything else. · Mf. L.AliDIS. My simple question is, whether the farmer, Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. They can pass upon it, and as I living in the country, away from the post-office, shall be granted am officially informed, reversed one of his rulings or selections. the same advantages enjoyed by the man who lives in town. Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. They have no authority whatever There is nothing "separate" or distinct about it. The simple to disr2gard anything that the special agent or the route inspector question is, whether you will concede to the farmer what the retm·ns to them. farmer is willing to concede to you. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Not to" disregard" it, but con Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Have you finished your speech? sider all the papers and the report of the officer and affirm or Mr. LANDIS. I have said all I care to say at this time. reverse his opinion from which there is an appeal to the Civil Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Now, the statement made by Service Commission. · the gentleman, absurd as it is, is no more absurd than most of Mr. SMITH of Kentucky. No, sir; they are to consider th~t. the arguments in opposition to this bill. The salary of carriers at Now, I am somewhat astonished at the position of my friend $1,000, with thousands of farmers willing to do the work at little from Virginia [Mr. SwANSON], who is unwilling, he says, to leave if any more than half the figure, and with the Government wagon it discretionary, under this proposed act, with the Postmaster painted a fancy color and a gentleman in uniform with brass General to pass upon the character and reputation of these con buttons and a horse bought of a jockey at a high price, which the tractors; yet he is willing on the other hand, under the ciyil- farmer knows was a swindle and sees go to pieces tmder ordinary 2368 ,CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 4' work, is not a part of the vision that delights the farmers' eyes gentleman's question imports anything, it is a plaint that the and has nothing to do with the efficiency of the service, fourth-class postmasters exercise a political influence. Mr. LANDIS. If that is the basis on which the gentleman Mr. LIVINGSTON. They exercise a wonderful influence in makes his speech-- your district. Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Why, it is perfect folly to l\Ir. GARDNER of New Jersey. First, they do not have 3 per talk about these carriers-to imagine that they are the rural popu cent of the opp01·tnnity to exercise political influence now that lation of the country. They are not the populace. Under this the carriers will have; they do not go through the eountry and system, when matured, they will be 1 per cent of the voting popu come in contact with the people, in the same way. Secondly, lation of the country, enough to can-y Indiana one way or the however, if they are a disturbing political influence to-day, in other decidedly; but I am not discussing that phase of the ques cahoots with rural can'iers as their messengers to go through the tion. The salaried officer, 1 to 500, is not the people. This Cc.'tr countTy and do their work, they will become infinitely more dan rier who is to drive across the country in a painted wagon that is gerous to the gentleman. the delight of the farm girl in your vision, who shall wheel up to Mr. LITTLEFIELD. And the horse jockeys, too? the farmer's door in the 1i.g that I have described, and in a uni Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Yes; and the horse jockeys form with polished buttons, to deliver a letter, will still not con will be with them. stitute the nrral population, and he will not bear very much re Mr. LIVINGSTON. Under the star-route system now all the lation or resemblance to it in its industrial pursuits. rural people in the country come to the fourth-class post-offices. I do not know why people should get under what my friend Mr. GARDNE.R of New Jersey. Yes. calls a state of mental strabismus on this question; but these gen Mr. LIVINGSTON. There the postmaster can manipulate tlemen who talk about the carrier in a Government wagon, on a ·politics. salary, in a service giving an annual job to the jockeys to furnish Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Oh, yes; the people come to 30,000 horses, imagine they are doing something for the rural pop the post-office when they do not send their children. They all ulation of the country. The farmer has not asked that his mail come at or about one time, upon the an'ival of the mails, and as be delivered in that way. He is a business man. He knows the soon as they get their letters and papers they go away. I do not va,lue to him of having his mail come to his door, and he knows a know how it is down in your counti·y, but up in mine during the great deal better than the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. LANDIS] busy season-six months of the year, at any rate-the farmer does and these other high-salary enthusiasts the value of performing not have time~ if he had the inclination, to sit around the post that service. He knows that he is a part of the tax-paying force office. We work. of the country, and you are not going to make him happy nor are Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman you going to flatter him by parading robbery or waste before him yield for an inquiry? ' _twice a day. Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Yes. Mr. LANDIS. Now, just a minute. Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. Have you been dealing with horse The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman yield? traders, or have you been to see David Harum? [Laughter.] Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Yes. Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, this may bo Mr. LANDIS. That being true, does that not absolutely dis something to laugh about, but I lived in that serious phase of pose of the alarm of the gentleman from California [Mr. LoUD] , national life when I saw this horse business constitute one of who is afraid that the carrier will organize the country, and thus the important items in the accounts of the Treasury of the United overawe Congress? States. Now, what have gentlemen said against this bill? I do Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. It has nothing to do with it. not think, sir, that it is worth while to argue the affirmative of Mr. LANDIS. It is an absolute answer; and it is an absolute it much longer. As to this particular provision in this bill, if it answer to another proposition. was not here, and if that was not the specific proposition before Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. The gentleman's logic seems us I would talk in the most general terms. I say that if we do to have gone on a furlough to-day. [Laughter.] not shut our eyes, willfully de~rmined not to see and to under Mr. LANDIS .. Oh, no; not at all. stand, then we shall know that this service in the near future Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. The kind of a rig that this means just what I have said, a service to 30,000,000 of people with official is to drive, who pays for it, and the salary that he is to 6Q,OOO carriers, and more than one-half of that 30,000,000 people receive has no relation whatever to his numerical proportion to will be served by teams, which, with thecivilserviceorganization the voting population nor to his political influence. I will be going on as it is now, with the whooping sentiment behind it of perfectly frank with the gentleman and say that I think the the eloquent gentleman from Indiana and his type, the Govern more painted wagons you put him on, and the more Government ment will be as sure to furnish those teams as the Capitol is to horses the jockeys ring in that go down under his driving, and stand here or Congress to meet. the more of like tomfoolery you surround him with the less po Now, what do gentlemen interpose against it? Some weep over litical influence he will have on the agricultural element of the the old Brady star-route frauds, a system that has been buried so country. I am a little way with you on that. long that the moss on its headstone is already long. Mr. LANDIS. It is his wagon and his horse. The Govern:.. Mr. HILL. And the resurrection come. ment surrounds him with nothing. 1\ir. HENRY C. SMITH. And resurrection come. Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. It is neither his wagon nor Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman his horse under the scheme as contemplated, nor under tke speech who says this is a resunection, whether he comes from Connecti of the gentleman from Indiana. cut or Michigan, whether he knows all about the money question Mr. L_.<\.NDIS. Oh, I beg your pardon. or all about the beet-sugar question, is away behind time and Mr. BARTLETT. He buys it and pays for it. has no knowledge of this bill. [Laughter and applause.] Mr. LANDIS. I simply insist on the service going on as it is Mr. LITTLEFIELD. But suppose history is to repeat itself? now. Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. It may, under like conditions, Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. I ask the question, Why should but there is no fraud under the star-route law as it now exists the Government furnish the horse and all that? I know and you requiring the bidder to reside on his route and personally perform know that when you raise these carriers' salaries to the figure the service. you are talking about, to correspond with the salaries of city car Mr. LANDIS. It does not require that. riers, these rural gentlemen with mighty influences behind them Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. None such will .arise under can come down here, with the service organized and grown, more this bill. Oh, but it is a contract system, and a contractor is a of a political power than they are now, and the service seems now member of a family; the gentleman does not know its origin; to be dangerous, to be a master on this floor. I know th:tt gen he does not have possession of the family tree. Brother LITTLE tlemen will ask then, " Why are you discriminating against the FIELD-pardon me, the gentleman from 1\!aine-a legal light, countl·yman to the extent of the cost of his horse and his wagon?" would know that. Oh, it has brought discredit to the-nation; and and say he is as much entitled to be furnished with both as the gentlemen get down low and bring up the ancient conditions fellow who has to deliver mail with wagons in the city, and the buried with the Brady frauds. Why we might well believe here House will say, "Amen; the counti·yman is entitled to as much as to-day that our ships built under contract would not float, that the city man,'' and the horse jockies will send up a chorus of the harbors dug out by contract would not bear vessels upon their amens that will make you think that you are as happy as a revival. bosoms, and contract gtms would not shoot; that our Navy must ~11'. LIVINGSTON. Will the gentleman permit a suggestion? now logically be at the bottom of Manila Bay if there was not Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Yes. something of it left to go down at Santiago. Mr. LIVINGSTON. The rural carriers will be young men, A MEMBER. Or the loop. inexperienced, and not ring men. As to the political phase of this Mr. GARDNER of New J ersey. That is perfectly absurd, Mr. question, what will be the comparison between the present fourth Chairman. I do not want to use harsh language; but I say the class postmaster, who controls politics in the dist1'ict, and these experience that was had on the star-route contracts cause the rural cani.ers? elimination of every scandal from the system. Gentlemen say :Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey, Well, Mr. Chairman, if the t4at the interpretation of this bill is not that the bidder who 1902 .. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 2369 secm·es the contract must person.aJly perform the service. The prophets; this is what I am saving my beloved country fTotp! " report says that is-the construction. If there is any doubt about [Laughtm·.] it, do not spend a day or two in caviling;. amend it by a phrase. Now, Mr. Chairman, I can not speak for the Souih; I can not Mr. MAHON. Will the gentleman allow me to ask him a speak for the West, but I have faith in the intelligence of the question? . people of all sections. I can speak for the agriqultm·al districts Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Yes, sir. of New Jersey, and I say that responsible men there-responsible Mr. 1\IA.HON. As this contract system is such a good thing to men, I repeat-tmder the pTovisions of this bill are not going to have, why not put all the post-offices under the contract system, bid for these contracts below what they can perform the service and save S10,000r000? for, or. if they should, they will perform their contracts for a year Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. It would be possible and if and will not do it again. But what does the committee, what does that were done~ the gentleman from Georgia would not lose his the Depm-tment say? Pardon me for refeuing to the Department, cause of complaint. for almost every argument I have heard on this floor, every statB Mr. MAHON. Why not amend your bill and put it that way? ment set out in the minority repOTt are but an echo of what has Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. That is the old cry-break been heard there. In one paragraph they tell us incompetent and your circle somewhere else. worthless men are going to bid and get the contract at less than Mr. GARDNER of Michigan. Will the gentleman allow me they can do the work for. to ask him a question? The language of the gentleman from Virginia. [Mr. SwANSON] Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Certainly. is something like this: The man with the poorest horse or mule, 1\Ir. GARDNER of Michigan. Why not put the city carriers with the poorest cart and th-e poorest address, the least competent under contract also? to do the service, is going to get the contract because he is going Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. The gentleman asks what ob to do it cheap. But when the chairman of the committee had jection there is to putting city carriers under contract. I am go urged upon the members of the House and urged generally that ing to make some reply to that question, although I think it is an this service was going to reach an enormous :figure, and that a unfair and irrelevant method of argument which is followed in cheaper, but a good and reliable, way should be found for doing inten·ogations here, of asking why something else can not be done it1 it was necessary to counteract the argument of cheapness, than that which is proposed to be done and which is ge11erally and Io and behold, on the last page of this report there is a table absolutely another thing. which says that the statement on page 2- is a lie and the conclu First, the city carrier lives in a. massed population, composed of sions are false, because there under the bidding system on the residential and business sections. The weight of mail in the dif star routes, under the law that requires men to live upon the ferent sections va1ies materially at different parts of the year, and route, the rates have gone up until they are costing more than the carrier under the contract system fixing the route to which they are paying the rural letter caniers. the carrier must adhere, without transfer, from year's end to Now, both statements can not be true. Both premises can not year send, would involve the employment of more carriers, which be true as a ba-sis for drawing conclusions. The gentlemen op would~ if the se1-vice shall be precisely the same, result in increased posing the bill maytake their choice as to which side of their own cost. Secondly, it would involve the necessity of higher bids. It contradiction they will eventually adopt; but the House should could be done; but that question does not arise in this case 1·eqnire them to make a selection and confess whether it is the la.st now. page or the second page that misleads. Mr. GARDNER of Michigan. Rural routes are being changed Now, this question seems to be, in my judgment, a more gi constantly and adjusted. Exp~rience shows that a new route gantic thing than the public or this House has yet realiz-ed at all. that was traveled a month agoisnottraveled to-dayp1·eciselythe It is the problem, I repeat, of, in the near futureJ serving 30,000,000 same. people by 60,000 carriers, at a cost for the system of more than 1\Ir. LITTLEFIELD. Do not they have some congestion some $100,000,000. It means through the rural country where the men part of the yeru·? are householdersr taking the household to represent five people Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. The people live in the same and a canier to serve 100 families, which he does not, because place year in and year out. It is not the rural population that that would put five families to the mile, and they can not get that travels. It is not they who go to Newport or to Europe or else numbe:r on any :road among large farms; but even with that lib where in the summer. There is a change in the city, and there eral calculation it means 1 per cent of the voting population. iB an increase of business about Christmas tide, for instance. If the fellow has a wife, she will count one for that pm-pose; • Mr. LITTLEFIELD. Christmas affects the country just the· that means 2 per cent. If he has a couple of brothers, that means same. four. And thustheforceisangmen,ted with the entire relationship. Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey~ If it affects the country it Gentlemen may pooh-pooh it as they like, but I say it becomes a affects the people in the same spot. power g.rea.t enough to turn the State of New York, for instance, But, now, Mr. Chairman, without pursuing that, I find that I heavily one way or the other. had left the subject of the probable future cost of this service But leave· that out if you like. Realize,. as you must realize, too soon. The gentleman has led me- to recall it. that the day is coming when something must be done. Realize, Now, if gentlemen will look at the last paragraph on page 2 of as you must realize, that the sooner you do it the easier it can be the minority report they will see that this report clearly contem done and that the longer it goes on, with this service growing at plates, if this system shall be continued, the eight-hour system. the rate it does, the more difficult the question becomes to deal It is legitimate to call attention to that as on the question of cost. with ~ Why, sir~ there is not a man now speaking with authority I am an eight-hour man;. there is no disguise about that. But who will tell you he expects to see this Administration close with here is a separate matter, a matter which, gentlemen say, has less than 35,000 of these carriers. If the power that has been passed the experimental stage. I think the people are bound to manifested through the press, and is now made manifest on this ~ve it, but it is just coming up to the serious point of theexperi- floor, shall multiply in proportion to the increased appropriations . ment. You keep this form of the service, cover it into the Post required until it is fOUl' times as great as now, there is some OfficeDepartmentcivilservice, where it will go or has gone, bring ground for apprehension that it will be irresistible except in time it under all the laws. and regulations of the Department, and as of a real crisis demanding action so imperative that the House sure as time passes it means a material shortening of all the will act because fear is overcome by flight. l'Outes, or it means a substitute system which shall materially So I leave off,as I began, by saying that if the discussion of this incl'ease the expense of the rural-delivery system. proposition serves no other purpose than to call the attention of Again, in arguing against this bill gentlemen have suddenly Congress and of as much of the country as will pay attention to become alarmed lest the American citizen iB incompet-ent to take it to the gigantic proportions to which this problem is growing care of himself in a business way; lest he can not be trusted to and the rapidity with which it is getting there, and the early date bid on a contract for carrying mail, the weight of which can be a.t which it is going to arise in all its force and all its size, it will easily estimated and never amounts to more than a driving load have performed a great service. over a given territory daily. They are afraid that it will be taken Is there a man here who is willing to contemplate a bureau of too cheap and the service will become disTeputable. The gentle the Post-Office Department {no matter what bureau) with an man from Virginia [Mr .. SwANSON] dwelt upon that-l-eft andre office force adequate to the management of the business of 60,000 turned to that phase of the subject time after time-until it must carriers-with those f}O,OOO carriers in the field-with the civil be true, since he has been connected with this minority report. service in force making its oTganized demands fo:r increase of sal He has dwelt upon that featm·e until he can not look out yonder aries and expenditures on the one hand, and to be agents of that to the landscape of his native State but he sees climbing the hill power which civil service never restrains and never can restrain a one-eyed mule, with one ear lopping more than the other, both the Government? Laugh at it, if you please; belittle it, if you fore knees sprung1 but one sprung a little more than the other, a please, today but either as a business problem, a financial prob spavin on one hind leg and a knuckle on the other; a cart with lem, or a political problem, the day is coming and coming soon; different sized wheels, with a soap box for a body, and with when you will belittle it in neither of the three forms. the tires wound on with rope yam, and exclaims, " Oh~ see~ ye Mr. WATSON~ Will the. gentleman allow me a question? XXXV-149 2370 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. MARCH 4~ Mr. GARDNER Of New Jersey. Certainly. ent with each other, then I have failed tO comprehend them, and M1·. WATSON. You are opposed to rural free delivery, as I that is my fault. Many argue with emphasis that this is going understand? to make the service too cheap. On the other side they present a Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. I want to make it possible for table to show that the plan adopted in this bill, as applied to star rural free delivery to live. I claim a very full share of the credit routes, has increased the cost. They argue that the same system and responsibility for the system. might as well be applied to city carriers, and then proceed to set Mr. WATSON. You are not in favor of restricting it to the up facts which themselves present difficulties which do not arise regions where we already have it? You are in favor of extending in the case of the rural free-delivery route. They argue appar it universally? ently-and that is the argument of the gentleman from Indiana Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Yes; I want it extended all that the more salary you pay the rural carrier and the more horses over the country; and it is going thei:e; yon can not restrain it if and wagons you give him the better service you are giving to the you would. farmer. As I have said, uniforms, Government horses, and red Mr. WATSON. I do not want to restrain it. wagons are not service, and there is nobody on the continent Mr. HENRY C. SMITH. The gentleman from New Jersey better able to judge of that than the farmer himself. wants it to live without sustenance. · Some have argued that this system under which the contracts Mr. WATSON. The gentleman from New Jersey seems to be can be thrown up in thirty days will bring in a lot of bidders for complaining because of the immense proportions which he says a short term, and that they will not keep the contract over the this institution is yet to attain. How does he propose to restrict winter when the weather is inclement. Others argue that the or limit it, if the rural free delivery is to be universally extended? farmer is out of business during the winter and will be a low Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. This bill does not restrict it. bidder for the contract in October, when there is nothing to do on I would not restrict. I want it put upon a business and lasting the farm, but that he will throw it up in May. And so on from basis. the beginning to the end. I say again if there are any two rea Mr. WATSON. How? We shall have just as many carriers sons urged against this bill that are not contradictory and which under this bill as under the present system, shall we not? do not in a large measure answer each other, then I have been Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. They will be contract car too thick of comprehension to perceive them. riers; they will not be a part of a bureau of the Government, a Mr. BL.ACKBURN. Will the gentleman yield for a question? part of the civil service, in office for life, part of a political ma Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Yes. chine, part of a salary-demanding horse-demanding force. Mr. BLACKBURN. I want to ask the gentleman if it is not a Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Can the gentleman from New fact that the inefficiency of the star-route system in this country, Jersey tell this committee how many local post-offices have been owing to the subletting of contracts, has given a great incentive discontinued as a result of inaugurating the rural free-delivery to the rural free-delivery system in this country, and if the star service? route service is not absolutely inefficient under the present sys - Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. No; I have not the figures. tem of subcontracting and subletting? :l\:fr. GAINES of Tennessee. Have not a great many of those Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. First, Mr. Chairman, I do not offices been done away with because under the rural-delivery sys understand that there is at present any subletting of contracts. tem one man can do the work formerly done by 25 or 30 postmas Mr. BLACKBURN. On the star routes of this country? ters? Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. No. Secondly, it is not con Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. There may have been some; templated by this bill that there shall be any subletting of contracts, but generally the rural people, where I have had experience, insist and I have said before that if anybody doubts the construction of upon retaining their local post-offices, if possible. the bill on that point, it requires but a phrase to banish the doubt. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Do you know how many have been Mr. BLACKBURN. The gentleman knows it is done, does he succeeded by the rural carrier? not? Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. I do not know how many Mr. GARDNER ofN'ew Jersey. No; my understanding is that have been abolished. the contracts are let to-day to the people who reside on the route Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I speak of my own neighborhood. and perform the service. There were 18 or 19 post-offices, the business of which is now done Mr. BLACKBURN. Does the gentleman not know that con by 2 or 3 rural carriers. · tracts are sublet frequently, and that the postmasters, owing to • Mr. COWHERD. I can give the gentleman the exact figures the inefficiency of the contractors, have had to supply carriers if he wants them. There have been 1,226 fourth-class post-offices themselves? · abolished during the last fiscal year, and the saving by their abo l\:fr. GARDNER of New Jersey. That used to be. lition has been a little less than $80,000. Mr. BLACKBURN. I know it exists now. Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Well, then, as a general propo Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Right on that point, Mr. sition eight carriers have abolished one fourth-class post-office. Chairman, because the arguments presented in opposition to this · Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. There have been a great many bill have been very unfair, gentlemen bring forward instances, more post-offices abolished than there have been carriers appointed. one after another, of the distances that stage coaches travel on Mr. COWHERD. Oh, no. the star route and the amount of pay which they get for carrying Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. There are 8,000 rural carriers, the mail, and they exhibit those as ridiculous instances of how and there have been 1,200 fourth~class post-offices abolished. low men will bid under a competitive service. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. One rural carrier will do the work The main fact in such cases, which has been concealed here by of three or four post-offices, will he not? every speaker, is that in all those cases of inadequate compensa Mr. GARDNERofNewJersey. The gentleman from Missouri tion as it appears on the surface, these carriers are stage drivers [Mr. CoWHERD] has given us the correct figures. · who run a stage from the railroad station to a place off the rail Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I do not admit that he is correct. road, and the carrying of the mail is the mere incidental carrying I think he is correct generally, but I think I am generally correct, of a bag which weighs less than a passenger, and in so far as they too. are concerned, the question can fairly be computed on the basis Mr. COWHERD. I will show that I am correct. of a passenger each way every day in the year. It is a mere aux 1\fr. GAINES of Tennessee. Of course the gentleman thinks iliary, something additional to their regular business. Now, that he is coiTect. Generally he is, and usually I am correct, and I is the fact about the cases of these low bids in the star-route think in this instance I am. service. The people who make the low bids are not mail carriers Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. If the gentleman from Ten in the sense urged here, as though that was the exclusive busi nessee believes that the rural free-delivery system has abolished ness in which they were engaged, and as though they made that more than 8,000 fourth-class postmasters, he is believing easily bid as their compensation for going daily over that route. They and erroneously, a.s a great many gentlemen do, things that they are going over the route daily anyhow. bring up against this bill. Mr. PEARRE. I want to ask the gentleman whether this pro Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Justamoment1ight there. Ihave hibition against subcontracting has not been put in force only received a little information on that point. My colleague [Mr. since the establishment of the rural free delivery, and have not BROWNLOW] states that in his district alone, in one county, 60 all the improvements in the star-1·oute system, if there have been postmasters have been done away with and 30 carriers have been any improvements made, been made since the inaugul'ation of the appointed to take their place. That is a pretty good ratio. rural free-delivery system? Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. That is entirely exceptional. Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. I do not know. From the Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. That may be an exceptional case, form of the gentleman's question, I infer that the gentleman has but it is the same way all through my country. joined the ranks of those enthusiasts who believe that the thing Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Now, Mr. Chairman, I will which they advocate drags all other good in its train. It seems conclude in two minutes. I want to speak with the fullest respect to me that argument is of the same kind as the statistics which of every source of opposition to this bill. If there have been any show that the price of wheat has regulated the price of every two arguments yet presented by the opposition which are consist- thing.else on earth from the beginning. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-HOUSE. 2371. Mr. SCOTT. Will the gentleman-permit a question? those smaller towns, because we have free delivery in cities of Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. If the star route has been im 10,000 population, or 10,000 receipts, and in the country we have proved, if the abuses that grew up under the system have been rural delivery, and these towns are discriminated against. Now, stopped within a date that covers the existence of the rural we have an effort made to put the cat~:ier under the contract sys delivery service, that is no more an argument that there is a con tem and leave the city carrier to receive a salary. What I want nection between that fact and the influence of the rural n·ee to ask is, if this committee is in the interest of economy-that is delivery service than the fact that the Marconi system has been the object of this bill-why spend 817,000,000 on the city carriers discovered during the gentleman's lifetime is proof that he is the on a salary system? I see nothing about economy in that, and source of that discovery. yet they want to apply that to the rural districts, where there is Mr. PEARRE. I do not want to make a speech in the center only seven millions spent out of fourteen millions in the cities. of the gentleman's speech, but I think the connection can be very If economy is what you want, if we are to have a better service readily traced, and it can be traced in this way, that these im by the contract system, why not let that out) and come in here provements and corrections of the abuses of the star-route system with a bill that will reach this question all along the line, and let have been made by those gentlemen who, seeing the great im us have economy in a just and direct way. provement in the public service from the rural free-delivery sys Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. That speech has been made tem, have made this improvement for the purpose of saving their several times, Mr. Chairman. own old-time and inefficient star-route system. That is the con A MEMBER. But it has not been answered. nection between the two. Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. It has been answered. City Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. If it be true that the gentle delivery is not growing in anything like such a ratio as is rural men who are to administer the contract system under this pro delivery matter. vision, under this or some futm·e bill, have already had such ex Mr. LATIMER. If the gentleman will permit me right there, perience and made such a successful demonstration, would not if it is wrong in the country, why is it not wrong in the city? If they be the better able to execute its provisions? the principle is wrong, why not correct it? Mr. LOUD. If the gentleman will allow me, some six years Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, I have stated ago, and each year succeeding, the Post-OfJice Department asked to-day, as clearly as I could, the difficulties that would beset the for legislation to do what they have ultimately done. So before contract system in the cities, but independent of all that, here is rural delivery was established the Post-Office Department asked a system in its youth, aye, comparatively in its infancy, of 8,000 Congress to legislate so they could inaugurate the very system carriers, and we have seen that it means in the near future 30,000 that ultimately they did inaugurate. carriers and a correspondingly large bureau. If I stood here now Mr. PEARRE. In what respect? advocating a bill such as the gentleman suggests, those in favor Mr. LOUD. Why, to confine the bidder to the route. of the city carriers could ask with many-fold more emphasis, Mr. LANDIS. Buttheydonotrequirehim to perform the service. '' Why do you not start right in the new and growing system in Mr. PEARRE. Did they also ask that the carrier be required stead of fust stopping and trying to reform the matter which has on the star route to collect and deliver the mail, which has only about got its growth, which will not augment its evils, if there been required here, according to the Second Assistant Postmaster be evils, and on which you could save less money if you abolished General, within a year? it entirely than the other will grow into in a single year?'' That Mr. LOUD. The gentleman is mistaken about that. Two or would be an answer. Gentlemen come in here and fairly howl, three years ago, I think it was three years ago, that was done in "If you are going to do something, why do you discriminate the State of South Carolina. against the country? Why do you assault the rUI"al-mail serv Mr. PEARRE. That was put into effect by the order of t)le ice?" If that is not nonsense, I beg to be excused. When did a Second Assistant Postmaster-General. proposition to reform the service or change a system and put it on Mr. LOUD. It was done in South Carolina three years ago. a betterbasisandsubstitute a bettersystembecome an attack ora Mr. PEARRE. But this is since the inauguration of the rural discrimination against that service? free delivery. Gentlemen seem to think that any legislation is a discrimina Mr. LOUD. Why, three years ago there was such a little of tion against this service-just as the gentleman from Indiana this free rural delivery that it could scarcely be found with a seems to think, and he voices the sentiment of all of them-until microscopic eye. the rural carriers are raised to the salary ba-sis of the city car Mr. PEARRE. When was it put into the Dll!trict? rier' plus the Government horse and wagon, they are discrimi Mr. LOUD. A year ago. nated against. I am not here, Mr. Chairman, to draw any com Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. If the gentleman will permit me, parisons between th~ rural and the city carrier in their respective I have the figures here, and there are just a few of them I would positions of hardship or labor, the cost of living, or the intelli like to read. gence required of them. I am going to say, after having given Mr. GARDNER of New Jersey. If. only a few, I yield to the some study to that subject, that if you will hang on the wall the gentleman. picture of the rural caiTier, with his horse and wagon, or of the Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I have turned now to the Post star-route carrier, with his horse and wa-gon, covered in to shut Office report, the last issued, and find of the star routes discon out the storms and the sun, and the horse to do the pulling, it . tinned there are 1,031, of the fourth-class postmasters 1,777, mak would make a very comfortable looking picture compared with ing a total of 2,808, showing that my friend from MissouTi is that of the city carrier, who in sun or ra-in or snow, and in the wrong in the figures that he gave. hot days of the summer, is loaded with his sack and trudging Mr. LOUD. Oh, no; you are putting the star routes and the from door to door. postmasters together. There is another element, as I have intimated, that should come Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Why, of course; star routes dis into this. I speak not against it as a principle, but as a fair ele continued 1,038, and fourth-class postmasters 1,777. m ent of expense to be calculated. Just as sure as this service Mr. LOUD. The question of star routes discontinued has goes on as it is now you are going to have what the gentleman never been referred to by the gentleman from Kentucky. n·om Indiana demands. You can not restrain it. You will have Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Here we have the official report, salaries equivalent to city carders, plus the Government horse which shows that 1,777 postmasters had cost $120,221.43 and the and wagon, plus the hours of service by law, plus the leave and star routes $173,404.41. sick leave, plus a substitute system, matters that will make the Mr. COWHERD. I will say to my friend that what I said was estimate of one hundred millions a year grossly inadequate. In that 1,226 were discontinued during the year. this estimate, and in this only, have I belittled the system. [Ap Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. This was for the fiscal year ending plause.] last June. Mr. SWANSON. I now yield thirty minutes to the gentleman Mr. LOUD. Year by year for twenty years past a thousand from Connecticut [Mr. HILL]. fourth-class postmasters have been discontinued every year. Mr. HILL. Mr. Chairman, I listened with regret to the chair Mr. LATIMER. With the permission of the gentleman, I want man of the committee yesterday when he stated that the rural to ask the chairman oj the Committee on the Post-Office and Post free-delivery system of this Government , of which he claimed to Roads, who stated that the Department had asked the legislation be the father, had been continued thus far as a purely political looking to requiring the carrier to live on the route, if, as chair organization, and that this was an effort to take it out of that man of the committee, he ever made any effort to get the legisla class. I have followed that gentleman in voting, without inquiry tion in accordance with the desire of the Department on that line? as a rule, for the past seven years, in accordance with the reports Mr. LOUD. I do not know what that has to do with the gen- of his committee, which he presented to this House. I Tegret tleman's speech, but I will say that I did not. · that that statement will lead me in the future to examine more Mr. LATlltf.ER. I understand that the Department is opposed carefully the reports which he presents here. The gentleman to this contract system, and that there are many members of this says he was the father of this system. House who would like to have free delivery that they have in Mr. LOUD. I beg the pardon of the gentleman from Connecti towns of 10,000 population. There is a discrimination now againf?t cut. I did not say anything of the kind. .2372 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 4, Mr. HILL. Well, I understood him to say that he was willing for shoes or boots and a uniform allowance, which I have esti to be the father, and he can take his choice. Three or four weeks mated as fairly a-s pas ible at $20 a year. He has two weeks of ago I presented an amendment to the deficiency bill, increasing holiday regularly, with his pay continued, which at the compen the salary of the rural free-delivery carriers, believing that it is sation received there would equal $9. He has a sick leave, and at not large enough. I then said to the chairman of this committee the end of his term of service he is pensioned for life. that I ss.w no way to overcome the inequalities which I saw ex Now, this compensation, as I have figured it in England, where isted in the service except by putting it on the contract system. wages are not as high as in this country, amounts to 515 a year; I had not investigated the subject; I had not studied it for my and he can have sick leave, if his physician certifies to actual sick self, and I did not at that time see any way by which the inequal ness, 25 per cent of his time, with continuance of his pay-making ities of the service could be corrected except by putting it on the $515 a year, with a pension for life at the end of his service. contract system. Even the gentleman from California himself Mr. LOUD. Will the gentleman tell us how he arrives at that admitted that the compelli!ation then given was too small. As a amount of $39? result I have given a little study to the question to try and s2.tisfy Mr. HILL. I have figured it item by item. myself whether it was better to continue this service on a salary Mr. LOUD. Is it not $39 salary and the rest expenses? basis or put it on the contract system, and I think I have followed Mr. HILL. Oh, no; not at all. I am amazed that a document up somewhat the method of investigation pursued by this com which the gentleman has himself signed and which is issued as a mittee, or by the officers of the Department of the United States public document to this country should not be understood by the Government, by which for six years they have been satisfied to gentleman. have it continue upon a salary .basis. Mr. LOUD. I do not think 1 ever signed the document. I remember distinctly that seven years ago, I think it was, the M1-. HILL. Well, the gentleman's name is here, E. F. LouD, chairman of the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads sat and it is addressed to the Postmaster-General, Washington, D. C. right where the gentleman from Mississippi now sits, and I went Mr. LOUD. Not that report. to him and begged and pleaded with him that he would allow me Mr. IDLL. The gentleman says he does not think he ever to introduce an amendment to the appropriation bill giving $50,000 signed the document. It is dated" Committee on the Post-Office for the continuance of the exper·imental rural free-delivery serv and Post~Roads, House of Representatives of the United States, ice, and he declined. If he was the father of the system, he cer Washington, D. C., January 5, 1898," signed E. F. LouD, and ad tainly repudiated his child seven years ago. dressed to the honorable Postmaster-General at Washington. Since that time other gentlemen have had charge of that service. The answer is made from the Office of the Postmaster-General, Among them, Hon. Charles Emory Smith, who has helped to build January 7, 1898, signed James A. Gary, Postmaster-General, and it up, and, in my judgment, has had quite as much to do with it, addressed to the Han. E. F. LOUD, chairman of the Committee on perhaps, as the gentleman from California. And there is Hon. the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Now, I will pass from England Perry Heath. Both of those gentlemen claim to have had some to FTance. thing to do with this service, and both to-day unqualifiedly in Mr. LOUD. Will the gentleman yield for .a moment? dorse the salary system. Go even back of that. Mr. HILL. Yes. Hon. Thomas L. James, who was Postmaster-General some Mr. LOUD. The gentleman wants to be fair? years ago, has not thought it undignified on his part to come out Mr. IDLL. Yes. in an interview in the New York papers declaring unqualifiedly Mr. LOUD. Of course the chairman of the committee asks in favor of the salaried system. So that men of intelligence-and the Department for this information, but so far as the furnishing I include in this category the members of this committee-have of the information is concerned, it is not true that I furnished the thought it wise to continue the salalied system and to report year information or that I signed the document containing the infor after year to Congress that it was the best that could be devised. mation. We asked for the information and it was furnished by If it was not so, I submit they should at least have used their the Department. intelligence to report a better one long before this. They have Mr. HILL. It was trallflmitted to you, was it not? gone on under this salaried system until now, when we have 8,000 :Mr. LOUD. Oh, yes. carriers. something suddenly comes up which leads them to rec 1\Ir. IDLL. It was made an official document by the commit ommend a change in the whole system. tee, was it not? Now, what was the consideration that prompted these gentle Mr. LOUD. That is true, but I did not sign it or make the men to make the original report in favor of a salaried system and report. to continue indorsing their system until this time. I knew there Mr. HILL. I am reading an official document of the United must be a good excuse or a good rea-son for their action, and I States Govel"'Il.lllent, for which the gentleman has acknowledged have been looking around to find what it is. I hold in my hand himself to be responsible. a document entitled "Rural free-delivery service in European Mr. LOUD. Oh, not not for the document itself. I have noth countries." It is signed by Hon. E. F. LoUD, and in it he takes ing whatever to do witn that. up the rural free-delivery service as carried on in all the countries Mr. HILL. I do not think the gentleman questions the facts of Europe. as submitted by the ambassadors of the United States to these At the time this system was inaugurated in this cotmtry, the countries. chairman of the Post-Office Committee applied to the Post-Office Mr. LOUD. Permit me to say that I asked for that informa Department and asked t~em to ~pply to the ~tate Depart~ent tion. As to the information itself I am not responsible for it, to ascertain through the diplomatic representatives of the U mted did not gather it, knew nothing about it, and never signed it. States in the various countr-ies of Europe how the system was Mr. HILL. Well for the information which I have given thus carried on there. This was not a new experiment in Europe, as far, Mr. Chairman, I will hold the American ambassador at Lon with us. This document, signed by Mr. LouD himself, or rather don responsible. He gives it under date of December 15, 1897. prepared in response to inquiries by him and with his na~e at Now I will move aero s the channel from England to France tached to it, gives the experience of nearly all the counb·Ies of and will give the information conveyed by the Han. Horace Por· Europe in reference to this matter; and I propose very briefly to ter, United States ambassador to Paris. cite from this document some of that experience. Mr. LOUD. I want to say to the gentleman that the informa Allow me to say, by way of preliminary, that there is not a coun tion is all right. try in the world, so far as this document shows, where this. work Mr. HILL. In France they have had rural free delivery for is carried on under the contract system. Every country wrthout seventy years, or had had at the time this document was i sued. exception has a saladed servico. Now let me show how they do They had 18,300 can-iers. They paid originally 7t centimes per it. Let us take first England; and I want to say that this state kilometer for three hundred and sixty-five days in the year. It ment practically commits Us~lf to the point that. t~ eve~ house was a mileage system. in Great Britain, or at least m England, the ma1l IS earned; so It was not under conti·act to the lowest bidder at all, but the terms that the system is universal. The cm:hpelli!ation there for a car were fixed by the Government, tho man SE}lected, and, as I figure rier-and remember this is after fifty years' experience, not an it out, his compensation was $198.56 per year on a distance walked experience, like ours, of three ~ears, a ~e'Y expei'ience-but after of about 10 kilometers. Then they had e.rlra pay for continuous fifty years of continuous e:xpenence this Is the result of the sys service of $25. They have an allowance for clothing and shoes tem as carried on in England. of $20, and they have a horse allowance where the route is longer According to this statement, a can'ier without a horse receives than the ordinary distance which a man can walk in a given a compensation of 234, traveling 15 to 18 miles a day. If he time. That horse allowance is $80, making a total in that coun travels 18 to 25 miles day, as he does here., he gets a horse allow trv of 350. ance of $208. In addition to that he gets what is called a service Now, here comes a singular thing in this French report, and I pay as the years go on, giving to each carrier a stripe on his arm am going to read it verbatim: for certain additional years of service. Payment by kilometer appears at first sigbt most equita.blo. AB to the The average of that compensation~ I do not speak of the highest service actually done, this system has been subject to a. great deo.l of adverse figures-is $39 a year. He also has an allowance of $5.25-a year criticjsm and to numerous complaints from those affected by it, especially 1902~ OONGRESSION AL ~ REOORD-HOUSE. 2373 t hat it does not take into consideration the length of service or the quality of that stipulation that no one shall take but one contract is entirely the work done. In order to remedy these objections in a manner within the resources at abrogated and overruled by the provision for the use of substitutes its disposition, the administration has sought in what way it could substitute under terms and regulations prescribed by the Postmaster-General. ror the present system a fixed salary, based exclusively on th~ length of I have a letter here which I will read, though it is out of the service. place where I intended to read it. When I took up this subject I Now, that was a little nearer to the contract system than Eng not only investigated it myself, but went to those who knew land comes, because it was a mileage system, and the Govern more about it than I did, and, in my judgment-and I mean no ment raised the point that it does not take into consideration the disrespect to this committee in saying so-l think know more quality of the work done: about it than they do of the actual working-that is, the post It has just prepared the following plan, which it was decided would be masters in my dist.rict. I wrote to each of them and said to useful to try in some departments• because of the complexity of the questions them: ''Will you kindly express to me your opinion as to whether wllich it is necessary to bring up auring the periods of transition: The payment to the postmen of a fixed amwunt of 600 francs for the begin it is advisable to conduct the rural free-delivery system as for ners, and to old employees a salary going up from 700 francs to 1,100 francs merly or by a contract system, and give me yom· reasons for your by &tages of 50 francs. . · opinion?" The experiment exists at the present time. If it gi>es the good results expected from it, the system will be extended to other departments as I received replies from most of them. I received 10 replies qmckly as the appropriations will allow. • from the postmasters of 10 Presidential offices. Nine out of 10 say So that the very thing that the United States Government pro it would destroy the efficiency of the service. One says-and he poses to 1·everse, the French Government, after seventy years of gives his reasons for it, and fully as good reasons as I have heard experience, have adopted, namely, a fixed salary. We propose to stated to-day, and I will lend the gentlemen of the committee leave that system and to go on to a contract basis. That is the those reasons so that they can make a better argument here. But conclusion of the French Government after seventy years' service. 9 out of 10 of them conclude that the present system should go. Now let me take Germany. I. will read you what this one says as to the star-route contTactor Mr. LATIMER. France pays how much? having to live on the route: Mr. HILL. Three hundred and fifty dollars and a pension and, W. B. Catchings, of Waa;hington, is the real contractor to-day here. He bid in Orrin Oakley's name and bid so low that he was more than SiOO below some other allowances which I have not had time to figure out the lowest local man. He hoped to get some cripple or incompetent to take carefully. Now, take Germany. In that country the appointed the route off his hands for less than his bid1 and would probably have done carriers of the rural districts receive a fixed salary of from 700 so if I had not filled the papers full. * * * I had an intimation- to 900 marks per annum, and aside from this there is an allow ! will state to the gentleman that this is from two sources in ance for rent of about 100 marks, making $238 per year, and then my own district. Now, here is what he says: the carrier, as an additional income, receives the delivery rate I had an intimation when he was here last year that there would ba ~n at for all packages of over 2t kilograms. The delivery is partly on tem:pt made to get control of the rurals, and it seems he knew what he was foot and partly by conveyance. talking about. It will be a great pity if all the scandal of the past must be For furnishing the horse the carrier of the r'u.ral district receives repeated in this service, and I sincerely hope that it will not become a b.w. If it was left for local men, I do not believe that there would be ::my sav an amount which coiTesponds with the cost for procuring the ing under the contract system., With th~ professionals coming in I do not same. The wagon is furnished and kept in order by the postal doubt but they will cut the price down. There are always plenty of incom authorities. After twelve years, if the carrier has given satisfac petents who can be hired, and presumably: they will fix up a. nice system of bonds, so 'l!hat some friend of the poor devil who has .a dollar and who is tion in every respect, he is appointed for life. In case of efficiency sorry for him will be held up for him. On the one question of money I pre he is promoted to the position of lower-grade officials, who re sume there would be a saving, but they might give up the service a~d then ceive better compensation. they could Eave it aU. . There is no possible question but whirl, un'derthepresent system, the serv In Austria there is no fixed compensation, but the carrier's ice will be incomparably better than it could possibly be under contract, for wages are subject to agreement between him and the postmaster. the discipline which they are under and the requirements of the Post-Office The average amount paid to 1·m·al caniers by the post-office de Department which they must fulfill, as c.;)mpared to the service of a man hired by a contractor because he is cheap, does not seem to need much argu partment is $121.80 per annum. The average daily service is seven ment. It just makes a man who is interested in the service, and who lt.opes hours; the average distance traveled by each carrier, about 10 to see it attain a high state of perfection, very, very tired. miles per day. This service is performed on foot. Now, there are two reasons that have been advanced why this Take Belgium. The amount paid to the carrier there is $200 to change should be made. One is thatwewill therebyavoid politi $220. Each carrier travels an average distance on foot of 16 miles cal control which will be exercised by the army of carders. I do per day and the carriers have fees for postal-bank business car not believe there is half the danger of political control being ex ried on by the Government, and they also l'eceive pensions. ercised by an army of carriers that there is of political control In Switzerland they average $234 per year, but now a better being exercised by a gang, or company, or a large number of scale of wages is being prepared. Clothing is furnished them. favored political contractors. That system is absolutely open All the travel is on foot. under the terms of this bill, and would be utilized in that way. Now, Mr. Chairman, after these years of trial and experience I believe the Republican party has no Iight to vote to put this good men have been employed, the service found to be acceptable, Administration into a position where the lowest bidder must be and the people want it continued, when suddenly a rejected and rejected or where it is possible that the lowest bidder can be re repudiated system is to be resurrected. I say rejected and repu jected and favored political contracts can be issued for 60,000 car diated even as it is to-day. I want to quote from the Second riers, as the gentleman from New Jersey says. I think that he Assistant Postmaster-General's report in regard to the star-route is entirely mistaken as to the number, and I will show that he is system as to 1900 and 1901, page 207: later. The second reason is that this work could not be done effi. • Last February an examination of the records developed the fact that in cien tly, and the inequalities of the service be overcome under the the previous five months there had been reported to the Department failures on the part of speculative contractors to perform the service, of such a seri salary system. I supposed so, too, until I went into the matter ous nature as to necessitate the employment of temporary service aggre and examined it. gating 891 on an average of 178 failures per month. The failm·es during the I am going to show you that I think it can be done efficiently. past year have averaged 220 per month, and in one month alone they were as high as 700. These have resulted in a serious injury to the public service and Why? When -the matter was up on the deficiency bill a little in an immense amount of work for the Department. We try to have the while ago I made the statement, which my good friend from Chi postmasters fully instructed- cago called my attention to, that I thought the contract system - Mr. LATIMER. That is the old contract system. would be the best thing and the only system under which the Mr. BILL. This is last February, a year ago. work could be done, and I made it to the chairman of the com· We try to have th.e postmastsrsfullyinstructedinadvance in regard to the mittee, in the smoking room, and he replied to me that the tabu employment of temporary service whenever such failures occur but it some lated ~oures I had presented were not worth the paper upon times happens that postmasters either do not understand their duties or are which they were Wiitten; and his statement was that where I unable to secm·e a carrier in the emergency and the mails are not carried, or if a c..1.rrier can be obfuJned it is not'always practicable to secure one who will had shown that it had cost in Fairfield County $382 to keep two run upon the v.re ribed schedule, and the result is that connections are horses and maintain the equipment for a year, the city delivery broken and :mails delayed. wagon service was canied on at a uniform plice of $225 all over The gentleman says that this is the old system. It is as it is to- the United States. day. . Mr. LOUD. Oh, the gentleman from ConnBcticut is not ex· Mr. LATIMER. I meant to say under the contract system. actly fair. Mr. HILL. Gentlemen, I have heard it repeated half a dozen Mr. HILL. Let me ~ay ths.t whether I am fair or not, the gen times on this floor that they have got a new system or bidding tleman chooses now to contradict that statement because we have for s-tar routes. Well, here is a report from one that was bid on reached another stage in the proceedings. I came straight n·om under the new system in my district, or the district in which I the lobby, and was called on to make my remarks, and Irepeated li-ve: Now, under the new system I say here as a b.usiness man it then and there, and I said what I am going to read, because I that I could take every contract in the Fourth Congressional dis thought it would be better to anticipate him before he made his trict under the terms of this bill, which this committee have statement on the floor. I accepted his statement as absolutely put in, i.f I only had the consent of the Postmaster-General, for correct, for it was made to me in the presence of half a dozeu 2374 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 4, gentlemen, and I came ba-ck onto the floor in order to anticipate daily at the most. I would pla-ce the rUTal can'ier service at the him, f.\nd I made a statement like this: bottom, and from there I would increase the pay accordingly. Now, I know very well that the chairman of the Committee on the Post I would permit the employees to be promoted from this service Office and Post-Roads rMr. LOUD] will reply to what I have said, and will to the position of postal clerks and from the position of postal state that all over the United States- clerks to city carriers and from city cmTiers to the Railway Mail The gentleman even went fm·ther than that. He stated that in Service. I would have a uniform civil-service system right straight the city of Bridgeport, in the district where I reside, the United through, covering the whole country. We have got to come to States Government was maintaining under contTact a horse serv that. We may put off the day; of judgment in this country, but ice at $225 a year. I will show in a moment that that is not cor we are getting to ba too big a country with too many employees rect- to have these things subject to political control or political pat the Government is now employing horses, wagons, and harness under ronage. cont1·act, all ready for a Government employee to step on the box in the I do not want such a thing. To induce me to vote for this morning at 7 o'clock and use it during the eight hom-s of work in the city de proposition the promise has been held out to me that if I vote for liver.ies and return it at night, and that the whole thing is kept and main tained, faed of the h01-se, care of the horse, repairs, and depreciation, for $2"..5 it I can have the naming of the men "i.n my disti'ict' who will a year, and that this showing of mine makes it appear that it costs about s;300 operate under this contract system. My reply was that that con to do that thing, leaving but 38 cents a day or $ll8 a year for the rural free sideration was indeed the strongest argument in favor of voting delivery carrier. the other way. I do not know the names of the carriers in my Now, I accepted as Gospel truth what the gentleman from district. I had two appointed there yesterday, and lam informed California said, as I have accepted everything that has come from they are both Democrats. I am glad Democrats are in that service the chairman of the committee foT the last seven years; as I was if they are deserving men and will perform the service faithfully. not able to investigate very much at that time, I accepted that As I have said, I would have this service carried on under a uni statement. form salary, with an adjusted allowance for horse hire and wagon The next day or so the postmaster from Bridgeport happened service according to the country in which the service is to be per to be here, and I said to him: "You are employing your delivery formed. wagon Eervice at $225 a year?" He said, "Oh, no; $300 a year." Now, let me show how it will affect the districts of various gen And then I turned my steps down to the Post-Office Department tlemen here. I will give the allowance paid to-day by the Post in order to see if I could acquire any information; and gentle Office Department for 1,479 carriers, scattered all over tha United men, I have got some accurate information on this subject, and I States for wagon, harness, horse equipment, everything ready propose to give it to you. I say now that the best way in which for the carrier to enter upon his eight-hom· service. I give the this service can be maintained, in my judgment, is to pay a uni amount allowed for a good horse, used every day-not necessarily form salary to the men, with a horse allowance adjusted to the the same horse every day. This horse may be furnished by the varying localities of the co1mtry, precisely as it is done in Emope. car:-ier if he wishes to do so. I propose to read the allowance Let us see what the horse allowance is. We had a statement made in all the States of the Union for this character of service. that it was uniform all ove1· the United States of 225 a year. The In Alabama the avei age is $200; in Arkansa.s the average is highest place in the United States is in the gentleman's own dis $215.62; in California i;he average (omitting San Francisco) is . trict of San Francisco, where it is $373.60, within $8 of the figures $268.58; for San Fran(.isco the average is $373.78, the highest that I gave two weeks ago, the figt_TI'es that the gentleman from amount anywhere in the United States between the oceans; in -California said were not worth the paper they were Wiitten on. Colorado the average is $245; in Connecticut, $269; in Delaware Mr. LOUD. Oh, the gentleman from Connecticut is mistaken (covering only the city of Wilmington, because this service does about that. not exist anywhere else in that State), $300; in Washington, 300; Mr. HILL. If I am mistaken, the Post-Office Department is in Jacksonville, Fla. (the only service in that State being at that mistaken. city), $250; in Georgia, $206.58; in lllinois (outside of Chicago), Mr. LOUD. Then they are mistaken. $217; in Chicago, $300; in Indiana, $.216.60, that includes Indian Mr. HILL. Very well. apolis, where the expense is higher than the average; in Iowa, The CHAffiMAN. The time of the gentleman from Connecti- $216.64; in Kansas, $220; in Kentucky, $241.66; in Louisiana, cut has expired. 178.85; in Maine, $250; in Maryland, $250; in Ma.ssachusetts, Mr. HILL. May I have a little more time? $280.74; in l\1:ichigan (outside of Detroit), $216.66; in Detroit, :Mr. SWANSON. I yield the gentleman ten minutes more. $300; in Minnesota (outside of Minneapolis and St. Paul), 200; Mr. HILL. I will try to get through in that time. in Minneapolis and St. Paul, $300; in Mississippi, $150; in Mis I think these figures must be interesting to members of the souri (outside of St. Louis), $188.12; in St. Louis, $300; in Mon House, refening as they do to different parts of the United States. tana, $300; in Nebraska, $236; in New Hampshire. $250; in New Now, I am going to make a suggestion, in reply to the remark of Jersey, $252.12; New Mexico, $300; New York, $264.94; North my good friend from Chicago [Mr. BouTELL], a member of this Carolina, $183.33; Ohio, $241.35; Oklahoma, $200; Oregon, $225; committee, that nobody has proposed a way in which this thing Pennsylvania, $243.50; Po~o Rico, $250; Rhode Island, 312.50; shall be done. · South Carolina, $266.67 (simply because this service exists only I say the only fair way is to continue the present system for in the city of Charleston, and of course the rates are higher another year. We have no right to take a new administration of in the larger cities); South Dakota, $191.66; Tennessee, $218; the Post-Office Department, with the Postmaster-General, Mr. Texas, $162.51; Utah. 8250; Vermont, $291.66; Virginia, $230; Payne. in office for only a few weeks, and dump upon him a sys Washington, $262.50; West Virginia, $225, and Wisconsin,$229.67; tem .which we know in the beginning is doomed to defeat. The making a minimum of $150 in Mississippi to a maximum of $373.78 Postmaster-General is one of the best organizers, one of the best in San Francisco. executive men in the United States to-day. Now, gentlemen, I do not believe there has been any corruption Is it not wiser, is it not better, is it not fairer to ourselves and in the United States Post-Office Department in paying these vari him that we should make this appropliation just as we have done, ous sums for horse-hire allowance in these different communities to be expended in the coming year at his discretion, as it was ex scattered throughout the United States. I believe that the allow pended last year in the discr.etion of his preder:essor, and let h~, ance has been adjusted according to the cost of horses, fixed by dming the year, work out his plans and submit the result to this the post-office inspectors fairly and equitably, and the Post-Office House of Representatives at om next session? Let him carefully Committee have at least recognized it by the fact that they have work out this proposition presented here. If he wants to experi a pprop1'ia ted .$650, 000 for the coming year in the bill on y;hich we ment with a contract system, he can do it under the appropria are going to vote this week or next. So I think we are permitted tion made. There is no need of any increase in order that he to say that we have at least their tacit approval, if they have in may make expeliments. vestigated the business. I do not know whether they have or Let him make whatever experiment he chooses. Let him, so not. At any rate, they recommeBd the appropriation. far as the country in general is concerned, go on with the salary So, taking that method, by uniform salaries throughout the system. Let him select a few districts and try there the contract United States, and giving the Post-Office Department a year in system if he wishes to do so, and let him give us next winter the which to adjust the horse-hire allowance on an equitable basis, result of his experiment. My suggestion to the Department according to the portion of the country in which the service is would be that it fix a uniform salary. I am not going to under rendered, I believe we can have a rmal free-delivery system take to say what it should be. I am not a believer in high sal of which the United States Government will be proud and ·aries in one sense of the word. every voter and every citizen will be proud-just as proud as I disagree on this point with my friend fl'Om Indiana [Mr. they are in Europe, where every man has his mail carded to his LANDIS] . I do not believe it would be wise to pay these men high door. salaries. I think this service is different from the city caiTier Now, I ;heard something about 60,000 carders. To me that is service. I would put these employees at the bottom of the classi absurd. We have 17,000 carriers now, with an appropliation of fication of the postal service; because, in the first place, they do $17,000,000 for city delivery service. We have got about 8,000 not reuder a day's work; the work covers only five or six homs carriers in the rural service, and I am informed at the Post-Office 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2375 Department that the 17,000 city carriers are supplying 35,000,000 Office Department now, telling him how I thought the system could people with mail. With 15,000 rural carriers we will supply be inaugurated. It was inaugurated upon a better system than 20 000 000 people. That takes 55,000,000 people out of our popu the one suggested by me. My system was cru.de in comparison lation and leaves the balance in the small towns between the rural with the one which is in operation now, which is better in every delivery and the city delivery. Of course, that is coming, too. respect. They are not going to conset to go to the post-office and get I have mentioned this not in the line in which things are so their mail when they see the mail carried to people living in the often mentioned, of pretending to be the father of something that city on one side and to the farmers on the farms on the other side is of benefit to the public, but to show, if I can, to the minds of of them. It is all coming in. There are 20,000,000 more people the members here present, that if I thought any legislation upon to serve. It will take 10,000 more carriers to serve them, I am this subject would affect its efficiency, I for one would not sup told, which makes 25,000 rural carriers all told, and at $600 a port that legislation. no matter what other considerations might year or at $700, if you choose, it will cost $15,000,000 to carry on lead me to incline toward it. this service. Now, Mr. Chairman, I do not think there ought to be any heat Now, that is not as much to-day for 45,000,000 people outside of about this discussion. I can not account for heat being infused the cities as we were paying for 35,000,000 people inside the into this discussion except upon the principle that some gentle cities; and, as a matter of fact, if the convenience and accommo men must have some patronage interests behind the bill which dation of the people of the United States was the first thing un are, in their opinion, affected; because I can not see otherwise der consideration, it is easier for the people in the cities to go to how a man could become personally heated by a discussion of a the post-office and get their mail than it is for the people in the mere business proposition. country, and the man in the country ought to have his mail de I shall advocate this bill because I think.that if it is passed this livered in preference to the man in the city, service will go on with equal efficiency or more efficiency; because For twenty-five years in business, while living within the lim I think it will be more economical; because I think it will be less its of a city delivery, I refused to have my business letters deliv partisan. I shall advocate it as an American, believing in a ereQ. to me by carrier, and only allowed letters to my residence to cheaper and better service. I shall advocate it as a Democrat, · be so delivered. That is the way it is in a city, but the country because I believe that the present system can be used, and possi will take it up, and if you will stand by this appropriation and bly has been used, although of that I am not certain-but I am strike out this contract service we will have a cheaper service certain that it can be used if anybody chooses to use it-for par under the administration of Henry C. Payne a year from now, and tisan and political purposes. one of which you will be proud, and you will be ashamed of it if I am certain that the opportunity and temptation so to use it you vote to change your system. [Applause.] exists even now under this curious "civil-service " system of ap Mr. LOUD. I yield thirty minutes to the gentleman from Mis pointment of caiTiers inaugurated since the 1st of February. sissippi [Mr. WILLIAMS]. This I shall demonstrate later on. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. WIL Now, Mr. Chairman, as to the efficiency. I say, notwithstand ·LIAMS] is recognized for thirty minutes. ing the criticisms that have been made on the star-route contract Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, if I thought service of this country, that it has been the most economically ad that the passage of this bill would in the slightest degree detract ministered and, in proportion to its magnitude and cost. the most from the efficiency of the rural free-delivery service of the country, efficient agency of this Government almost from the beginning • or would in any way cripple it as an agency for rendering the down to now. Certainly, after the early star-route scandals were people in the country happier,. more contented, less isolated in brought to light and the repetition of them was prevented by their conditions of life, I should not for one moment support it. legislation, I have never heard any objection to the star-route con No consideration of economy, no consideration of a partisan tract system except the objections growing out of the fact that a character would lead me to support it. In that connection I may great number of routes could be bid in by one person, an absentee, be allowed to say a few words somewhat personal to myself. I or by a syndicate or corporation and farmed out to ignorant people ran for Congress as far back as 1892, upon a platform, self as subcontractors; and every member of Congress knows how enunciated in large part, one plank of which was rural f1·ee de that is done. livery. A great many friends whose confidence in me otherwise Some great company would bid in thousands of routes, and was perfect, thought at that time-the subject being so entirely then they would send a shrewd agent among the people, who new to them and I running against a Populist-that I must be would go around until he found some simple and ignorant man just throwing out '' something better '' than the '' subtreasury,'' who would be simple enough to take the route at less than it in order to overturn the Populist, to out-Herod and out-bid him. would cost him to carry the mail. From that there was cause of I tried to explain to the people at home how the system could complaint. Subcontractors would fail to draw up the contracts possibly be inaugurated, and how it was not a dream, but could properly or fail to put them in writing, and to forward them to become actual and a part of the permanent post-office system of Washington, where they could be filed for their protection and the United States. After I came to Washington there was an thereby the subcontractor would frequently lose their pay. appropriation. It was not secured by me-, although the first rough But that has been coiTected in connection with the star routes, draft of the resolution was drawn by me and I voted for it to Mr. Chairman, and its possibility has been prevented in this bill, try the experiment. Under Mr. Cleveland's Administration, in thoroughly and absolutely, with regard to the contracts which the beginning of his second term, the Postmaster-General, Mr. will grow up here. Corrected how? Why, in the first place, it is Bissell, and the President were both very much opposed to trying provided in this bill that nobody shall be a contractor for any the experiment, so much so that they did not try it. It was sub route unless he lives on the route district. sequently made mandatory, and even then it was not tried. In the second place it is provided that nobody shall have but When Mr. Wilson was made Postmaster-General, one day at one route, and must himself, in person, do the work. When we the Post-Office Department-he having sent for me-he said he follow these provisions up a little further we appreciate their im wanted to talk to me about this" free-delivery craze," as it was port; we know that when a inan lives in the route district he has called. He said that the President thought it was merely a upon him all at once the eyes of that community for whom he scheme to" farm the farmer," and he said," Williams, I would carries the mail. They are all acquainted with him, they are like to know what you think. Don't you think that there is a acquainted with his father, with his mother, with his sister, and great deal of demagogy and politics in it? '' I said, '' Undoubtedly with his entire family, his environments, and know all about his there is. There are a great many people who are advocating it associations, so that if he is an unfit man to carry the mails, from simplybecausetheythinlrthatitwillcatch votes; but, Mr. Wilson, moral or business inaptitude or mentally, these people will be able the thing is practical, because a thing which has been done can be to know it and, knowing it, will make their knowledge known done again. I have seen the system in operation elsewhere and it ~~ . can be operated here. Not only that, but down in the swamp Under the old system one man could make many contracts, country of Mississippi, where the distances between residences while, of course, the people living along the routes where the are enormous, where the plantation· receives the mail for every mails were can'ied from one post-office to the other knew nothing body upon it, I ·have seen a system developed which consists in about the character of the contractor, and it was not necessary this, that the carrier has a key to a box at the plantation door, that anything should be known about the character of the sub the plantation manager or proprietor has another key, and orders contractor except that he was physically able to carry the mail, are given by the planters to the postmaster to deliver all their or had a horse and wagon that could carry it. mail, except money mail, to the star-route carrier, and the car Some gentleman said that a great many of the contractors down rier is specially paid by the planters a certain amount of money South were negroes. I have never known of any negro who was a per month, and he receives the mail and puts it in the plantation contractor on a mail route, but I have known of many cases box and takes out such mail a-s has been put in the plantation box where poor, simple, illiterate negroes, easily imposed upon by the in the meantime.'' persuasion of some shrewd route agent, were subcontractors to :Mr. Wilson asked me if I would go home and write him a letter. carry the mail, and I myself have tried to help a good many of I wrote him a long letter, which I presume is on file in the Post- them to get their pay since I have been in Washington-pay out . 2376. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 4, of which. they were cheated and swindled by the great syndicates Now, then, I say that this mail in a great part of the country, that had taken these routes. That has been amended as to the star in nearly all parts of the country, can be can'ied cheaper under route system, and that possibility is provided against in this bilL the contract system than it is now being can'ied under the salaried Now, gentlemen, I said that this was a business matter. We system. The fact that men eagerly sought and competed for the do not propose that the rural free-delivery system shall stop. places at $400 and $500 and now get $600 proves that. I go fur Why, to listen to the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. LANDIS] this ther than that, however, and say this, that if any gentleman it leaves with the Postmaster-General. I want to read what the Second: . bill proposes, and then I want to read the existing regulations, That he is a reliable and trustworthy Pel.'SOn, of good, moral character. and I shall seek to establish the fact that the opportunity for Well, he ought to be that, and somebody ought to determine partisan and political ad.ministl·ation under the present rules and it. Somebody has got to determine it, because this man is regulations, ever since the 1st of February and now, is ten times brought into business relations with the people in the commn· greater than it could possibly be under this bill. nity. Who would you rather have determine it, the Postm. And so forth- there could be such a system. There is a difference in these con in such form as he may prescribe, inviting proposals for the service to be tracts and those of the star routes, to some extent, and it would performed. require the Postmaster-General to be more definite than that Of course the time is a part of " the service to be performed," for rural free delivery, or·we would have a very foolish system. and would be in the advertisement and would be in the contract. I take it that a Republican Postmaster-General or any Postmas It is simply absurd to say-- ter~General would have common sense, and that he would not do Mr. SWANSON. Waitamoment. such a simple thing as to draw up a contract which would enable Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. But let me get through with the contractor to get paid on an annual average and then throw my answer. up the contract during the bad part of the year, without respon Mr. SWANSON. I yielded courteously to the gentleman yes sibility on his bond, and resume it again at the annual rate dur terday. ing the summer period of good roads. I hope he is not affiicted Mr. WILLIAMS of 1\Hssissippi. I will yield if you will wait with such "midsummer madness." We have been told what the till I get through with my answer. discretion of the Postmaster-General was under ·this bill. What Mr. SWANSON. I will wait. is the discretion vested in underlings under the present system as Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi, Now, it is absurd to say that now operated? . I am driven to the conclusion that the time must be "indefinite." Gentlemen, to this I want your careful attention-and I ask What I am driven to is only this, that the term to be fixed is in especially the careful attention of gentlemen on this side of the the discretion of the Post-Office Department. That they may House, and I ask especially that candid, fair, and conservative con make contracts for one year, and that they may make contracts sideration, for which the gentleman from Virginia is celebrated for six months, and that they may make contrads for three to the breadth of discretion under this system, and to the char months is undoubtedly true; but that they could make a con acter of the people in whom it is vested. tract for an indefinite period, or that they would have to make a It says" when the route inspector is advised of a vacancy" contract for an indefinite period is an absurdity. advertisements shall be issued, and that he shall receive the :Mr. SWANSON. Will the gentleman permit me? names of person.S desiring to enter the examination; and in the 1\Ir. WILLIAMS of Mi.Esissippi. Yes. next clause it states that the route inspector is in his capacity a Mr. SWANSON. You have been speaking about the partisan representative of the commission. In the next clause he is to ship of this bill, the partisan way in which it has been executed examine as to the ability of applicants to do the work, and then by the P.ost-Office Department. · · I read from the " Instructions to route inspectors relating to Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Yes; that it is alleged to have the examination of applicants for the position of rural letter been executed. I have no knowledge of my own that it has been carriers." The gentleman from Virginia [Mr. SwANSON] gave so executed. me this. He quoted very briefly and very select parts of it yes Mr. SWANSON. Well, now, as I understand, you are willing terday . ... to give the Postmaster-General power, and he has power, to make 4-. Each applicant will be given a blank application, which he will fill out a contract for thirty days, ten days, five days, one day, two years, with pen and ink in the presence of the route inspector. 5. Each applicant, separate and apart frotn the other applicants, will be five years, or twenty years, as he sees proper. required to read twenty-five addressed envelopes or cards. The route Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. He can not, I suppose, make inspector will carefully note every error made by the applicant and the time a contl·act for more than a year, because he can not exceed the he takes in the test. . time for the appropriation; but, go ahead. 6. Each applicant will be required to fill out a. blank registry receipt and Mr. SWANSON. Then for one year, and you change carriers a. bla.n.k receipt for money for the purchase of a. money order. every year. Now, you think the Democrats are getting rid of Then, mind you, after that examination had taken place the partisanship-getting rid of the power of the Postmaster-General natural conclusion would be that the man who did the best upon for partisan purposes-~when you consent to a bill that would a competitive examination would have the route. Oh, no; the · give him the right to enter into a contract for five days, where a so-called examination is nothing but the preamble to the" instruc Democrat contl·acted, at any time. tions." I will not read all that follows. I will read this, the Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, it seems I have eighth clause: . · to be very extended in my remarks to be understood. While the 8. Applications of persons under 17 or over 55 years of age will not be con sidered, except in cases of honorably discharged United States soldiers and Postmaster-General can give out a contract for three months or B:l.ilors of the civil war or of the Spanish-American war- for·sixmonths or for a year, he can also give out a contract for a year, to be continued longer under certain conditions-that is, to Does it stop there? No- go into operation for another year if mutually satisfactory. who are physically able to perform the service. In other words, I take it for granted that the Post-Office De Who is to determine this physical ability? We will find out a partment will give its contracts here just as it does under the little later that there is a little " discretion" in this system. star-route system, and I am perfectly vYilling to trust the Post "Physically able to perform the service." If the agent did not Office Department to fix the time during which the contract can like the shade of my politics he might say that I did not look like run. In fact, I would rather do that than to undertake to fix it I was strong enough, and he might deny me the position, and he myself, as a minority in a body consisting of a majority of the might say that my fTiend from Missouri, Mr. CHAMP CLARK, was other party, or to make them perpetual under even a genuine . a bigger man~ and he liked his shade of politics better, and he civil-service law, much less under this transparent counterfeit of would be given the route, because he was right physically as well civil service under which the system is now being operated. as the 1ight color in politics. Mr. SWANSON. Under star routes they have the lettings for Next, the applicant would be required, under the ninth clause, four years. to show that he possesses" the necessary equipment for the serv Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. If they do, they can do it un ice,'' namely, a uitable horse and wagon or cart. Route inspect der this system, and they can still do it, because there is no limi ors are to be the judges of whether the horse or cart is suitable. tation upon the time; but that is a totally different thing from The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. GROSVENOR] saidsome things the saying that the contract must be indefinite. other day that were intended to be comical and funny; and they :Mr. HILL. If the gentleman will permit me, I took the were; but they had a great deal of sense in them. I tell you trouble to go to the Post-Office Department and see the Second when it comes to a civil-service examination for rural free-delivery Assistant Postmaster-General, who has charge of the contTact carriers it is much more important to examine the horse than it is system, and asked his explanation of the language of this bill. I the man, because almost any sort of a man will do, but it takes a may have been mistaken, but the impression that I received in pretty good. horse. [Laughter.] the interview with him upon this subject was that the provision Now, it goes on and states that a man can not be appointed if of this bill implied a contract without any limitation, continuing he has not the "necessary equipment" unless he" can satiefy the at will, but terminable at the option of either party on thirty days inspector.'' It was this word ''satisfy ' or '' satisfaction'' in con notice. nection with the Postmaster-G t'neral' s '' can satisfy the inspector '' 1r!r. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. On the termination of the first which so disquieted th~gentle~an from VirO'inia. He might be period. · the tool of apartyor tlie tool of a neighborhood, orhemightwant Mr. HILL. Terminable at the option of eitherpartyat the end to punish one Congressman for not being in accord with the bu of thirty days' notice, but continuing, by consent of both parties, reau's ideas or reward another because he is; but unles the ap without limit. plicant can satisfy the route inspector that he will be able to fur Mr. WILL~fS Gf Mississippi. I think certainly the gentle nish this equipment-having it not-he will not. receive the man must hav•1 been mistaken if he means that the first period appointment. Don't you understand? Here is a breadth of ''dis pre:ftribed in the contract did not have to be terminated. . cretion," which he might use in a partisan v;ay. Mr. HILL. That is the impression I received in that interview. Understand, I do not say that he necessarily would, but I say Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Undoubtedly that would be on a proposition of that sort that the probability of that sort of a a most absurd policy, Mr. Chairman, to have such a system of man with that sort c~ discretion abusing it would be infinitely contracts carried out by the Government. I do not think that greater than the probability of the Postmaster-General abusing -~ ·--· ~ · . 1902. CONGRESSIONA·L RECORD-HOUSE. 2379 the discretion which is left to him in this language of the pending candidate most nearly possesses "the confidence of the persons bill: "The service shall be awarded to the lowest bidder who on the route " whether he properly comes up in physical "charac shall furnish evidence satisfactory to the Postmaster-General," teristics" a~d in moral character, and in everything else, but etc. whethe; he is ~ost fitted to select a substitute. [Laughter.] But let me go on. In the twelfth clause it says: Now, my friends, this is a business J?roposi.tion; le.t us talk about After an examination has been held the route inspector it as such. I would never have gone mto this question but for the Now, mark you- fact that other gentlemen have tried to make so much out of it. will earefully observe the general characteristics of the candidates or appli I really do not think it is necessary to assume that this discretion cants- is going to be very much misused ~ither way hy ~he Postmast~r Great heavens! A man may have a prejudice against red ha.ir General certainly not; but I do think, and J believe every fair because it shows Irish blood and a lack of republican principles, minded ~an will agree with me, that this disc ·~etion is much more for all I know. [Laughter.] "Taking special notice of h~alth apt to be misused by a department underling than by department and physical conditions." An expert physician he must be if he chief, who has his reputation to keep up. knows how to do it well! And- Reputation is a great thing. You all re~ember the C?nfed: in submitting his report state which oneinhlsjudgmentshould be selected. erate soldier at Chickamauga whom my fnend from MissoUI'l told about, who, while a battle was progreslring, saw one of these Think of that! Which one should, in his judgment, be selected. hedge-row rabbits running as fast as she couid. With a look of Is it any wonder that in the Kentucky district, referred to by Mr. envy the man straightened himself up, bared his breast once GILBERT, 10 Democratic applicants were not appointed and all 5 more' to the bullets, made a man of himself, and said, "Run! of the Republican applicants were appointed? I suppose they all Mollie Cotton-tail; if I had no more reputation to save than you, passed the examination, although I believe they did not h~ld an I would run, too." [Laughter.] Many a man is honest becau e examination in that particular case. I do not want to be mcor he is in such a high position that the light is upon him-that all rect about it. men see him-and he has too much pride in his chm·acter or I'ep Suppose they had held over. Suppose my friend from Indiana utation or position to do a thing which, perhaps, if he were in a [Mr. STEELE] was there one of themostlovable menin the world, more obscure position, he might do. but one of the most violent partisans, and suppose ten Democrats My Republican friends, when I speak of the capability of the had passed the examination and five Republi~ans, and there were present Administration to be used as a partisan machine I am four places to fill, I will bet this year'~ hat against my last ~ecen afraid that with some of you I may be hurting the bill of- the gen nial s socks that my friend from Indiana would have put m the tleman from California, which I am undertaking to advocate. Republicans. [Laughter.] But I am speaking to you as fair-minded men, because it is possi Mr. STEELE. And how would it be with my friend the gen ble although in yom· opinion not very probable, that in the not tleman n·om Mississippi? re~otefuture we may be in control of the destinies of the Union Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. I am afraid that I would have and we may be running this machine. Frankly, I have no more put in five of the Democrats. [Renewed laughter.] And then, confidence-not a particle more-in the impartiality and the non by way of a stump speech in the belly of the thing, we I?-ave this partisanship of a post-office inspector under a Democratic Ad..J?.in clause-after giving all this power and discretion to tJ:e ~pector istration than I would have in such an officer under a Republican they put this in to satisfy the high-minded and the farr-mmded: Administration. Under no circumstances must political or religious affi.lia tions of ap~licants be considered, nor must political indorsementa be received or entertained. I say it is better for the service to have the contract system. It is better for the service, because there will be equal if not greater [Laughter.] efficiency. I believe the efficiency will be greater, and I will tell No wonder the gentleman from California tells us that he has you why, because at present the men who are carriers are in their been told by members of the House when he has assm·ed them positions by reason of political influence, and if any of them does that their patronage would be lost, that they could not get any not do his work in the right way and is about to be" bounced" more hereafter under the civil service, "Oh, yes; they could; the Department knows that should he be bounced there will be they were promised," and I reckon maybe they thought they by morning at least one Representative and two Senators down. could get more. No reason why the-y sho~d not under th~se upon the backs of the Department officials trying to get the man "instructions." It may be that they were mistaken. I a~ Will back. ing to suppose that they are; but at any rate they are looking for But if he is a contractor, if he has just given bond for the it in spite of this stump speech, in the belly of the "instructions." faithful performance of the work, he is nobody's man particu 'Now, here is another one, clause 13: larly. He has not any political " pull." He can not badger and In recommending a selection from among the applicants who were able to worry the life out of the Department official in order to be kept in fill out the necessary blanks, route inspectors will give preference to ~hose who by long and constant residence in the community are well acquamted whether he be inefficient or not. Hence I say the service will with the patrons of the route, hold their confidence, possess the necessary be even more efficient. I say, also, it will be more economical. ~uipment, and are prepared in cases of emergency to furnish a suitable sub I have told why. It will be less partisan. The opportunities t>f stitut3. partisanship will be lessened. Now.-the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. BoUTELL], the gentle The system here proposed will be better for the service, and I man f1:om Colorado [Mr. "SHAFROTH], and I are all three. resi say it will be better for you and me in the future, because we do dents, but this little inspector down t~ere, protected by his ob not want to build up this immense army of salaried officials to scm'ity, has the right to ;pass upon which o!le _of us ex~els. tp.e worry us by importunities into doing one of two things-either other in our degree of residency. Oh, my fnend from V;rr~, refusing that which we would gladly grant as far as the parties talk about discretion in the Postmaster-General! Here IS a dis themselves, our friends, and neighbors are concerned; or, on the cretion lodged in a little. post-office inspector, t? state which o~e other hand, doing that which we ought not, as sworn representa of several fellows he thinks excels the other m degree of resi tives of the American people, to do; that is, casting our votes and dency; and, moreover, more indefinite still, which one best, or om· influence to secure a salary greater than the service itself calls most nearly, '' holds the confidence of the patrons of the route.'' for. [Laughter.] . . I append to my remarks the document to which I have referred. If you want to get at popularity of the applicants, why not get it in another way? Why not prepare the way by providing that INSTRUCTIONS TO ROUTE INSPECTORS RELATING TO THE EXAMINATION OF the names of the residents along the route should be taken down .APPLICANTS FOR THE POSITION OF RURAL L:ETTER CARRIER. On February 1,1002, the order of the President classifying rural letter car and that they should meet and determine a.s to the popul.al'ity of liars will become effective. After that day vacancies occurring in the force the candidates? They are the proper parties to determme who of carders w-ill be filled in accordance with rules of the Civil Service Com shares their "confidence." It is not a post-office inspector. mission. The following special rules are prepared for the guidance of route inspect He could not hurt me in my disti'ict, and he could not hurt you ors, who will be detailed to conduct examinations where vacancies exist: in your district, by building up a Republican machin~ against.us, 1. A letter carrier who resigns wm not be permitted to discontinue service because they could not find anybody do~ the~·e to bmld 1?-P Wl~h, until his successor is appointed and qualifies. 2. In the case of the death or removal of carriers postmasters will be in and these people are not trying to do ~oolish .thi~gs;. but I m~a~e structed to employ the substitute carrier, and if t here is none, any suitable that if they, got into a close Congressional district like the distnct person until the regular examination can be held. of my n·iend from illinois [Mr. WILLIAMS], or got to" monkey 3. When the route inspector is advised of a -.n.cancy bv the Department, he will proc~ed to the post-office as quickl_y as possi.!Jle, notlfP.ng the J?OSt~ster ing with the buzz saw" in the ~trict ?f my frieJ?.d fromMissou!i by wire, 1f neces...c:ary, of the day he Will reach tnere, and illi?tructing him to [Mr. CLARK], they might find. It posSible to adJudge that theu notify applicants to be on :C.and to t::l.ke the prescri"!:>ed exammation. friends did not '' hold the confidence of the patrons '' of the 4-. Each applicant will be given a blank application, which he will fill out with pen and ink in the presence of the rou e inspecto!·. routes and that furthermore they were not fitted by the longest 5. Each applicant, separate and apart from the other applicants,· will be and m~st constant re idence to attend to the thing. required to read 25 addressed envelopes or c~rds. The rout~ inspector w~ Pos>:e s the necessary equipment and are prepared in cases of emergency carefully note every error made by the applicant and the time he takes m to furnish a suitable substitute. the test. 6. Each applicant will be required to fill out a blank registry receipt and a My heavens! This officer is not only to determine whether the blank receipt for money for the purchase of a money order. 2380 CONGRESSIONAL - RECORD-HOUSE ~ M.Al~CH 4, 7. Applications of badly crippled or deformed persons will not be consid H. R . 1852. An act granting an increase of pension to J ames A. ered. This will include persons who are totally deaf or blind, who have one arm or one le~;, etc. · Edmonds; 8. ApJ>lications of persons under 17 or over 55 years of age will not be con H. R. 8304. An act granting an increase of pension to Angline sidered, exceJ>t in the case of honorably-discharged soldiers or sailors of the Murray; civil war or Spanish war who are phySlcally able to perJ.rm service. 9. Applications of persons will not be considered who have not the neces H. R . 1808. An act granting an increase of pension to William sary equipment for the service-namely horse and wagon or cart-unless ap M. Strope; plicant can satisfy the route inspector that he will be able to supply such H. R. 5218. An act granting an increase of pension to Joel Metz; equipment in case he receives the appointment. 10. The applications of women will be received, but a woman should not H. R. 2219. An act granting an increase of pension to F:~;ancis be recommended for appointment as regulat: carrier unless, in the judgment M. Gilman; · of the route inspector, local conditions and circumstances are such as to make H. R. 5957. An act granting an increase of pension to Wright the recommendation-desirable and for the best interests of the service. 11. Applicants must reside directly on or within the territory to be sup H. Auchmoody; plied by the route where the vacancy exists. H. R. 4115. An act granting an increase of pension to William 12. After an examination has been held the route inspector will carefully Eugas; observe the general characteristics of the candidates or applicants, taking special notice of health and physical conditions, and in submitting his r eport H. R . 7237. An act g1·anting an increase of pension to Eva H. state which, in his judgmen!t.~hould be selected. Under no circumstances McColley; must political or religious amliations of applicants be considered, nor must H. R . 202. An act to amend section 2294 of the Revised Statutes political indorsements be received or entertained. The merit of the appli cant and the ROOd of the service alone must be considered in submitting a of the United States; recommendation. H. R. 2678. An act to incorporate the Eastern Star Home for the 13. In recommending a selection from among the applicants who were able District of Columbia; to :flll out the necessary blanks, route ins}>ectors will ~ve preference to those who, by long and constant residence in the commnmty, are well acquainted H. R. 8336. An act to amend section 3 of chapter 480 of the laws with the }>atrons of the route, hold their confidence, possess the necessary of the United States approved June 23, 1874; equipment, and are prepared in cases of an emergency to furnish a suitable H. R. 3740. An act to confirm title to lot 1, square 1113, in substitute. N OTE.-Section 1754, Revised Statutes: Persons honorably discharged from Washington, D. C.; and the military or naval service by reason of disability resulting from wounds H. J. Res. 106. Joint resolution authorizing the Secretary of or sickness mcurred in tne line of duty shall be preferred for appointment to War to loan to the Pennsylvania Society of the Sons of the Ameri civil offices, provided they are found to possess the business capacity neces sary for the proper discha:r~e of the duties of such offices. can Revolution certain Revolutionary trophies at Allegheny .Arse 14. In filling a vacancy tne substitute carrier, competing in the examina nal, Pittsburg, Pa. tion with other applicants, everything else being equal, should be given pref The SPEAKER announced his signature to enrolled bills of the erence. 15. When a. route inspector has doubts about an applicant's character or following titles: reputation, he should not only make inquiry of two m· three persons given S. 24. An act for the relief of James W . Howell; as references in the application, but also consult two or more prominent citi S. 1931. An act granting an increase of pension to Etta Scott zens not mentioned by the a.pl_>licant. 16. A rural letter carrier will be required to furnish a suitable substitute Mitchell; who will be required to give bond in the same amount as the carrier-namely, S. 3204. An act granting an increase of pension to Mary T. $500. With the separation of the regular carrier from the service the sub Bruce; and stitute also will be droj>ped, but will be permitted to take the examination in competition with other applicants for theoposition if he can meet there S. 3157. An act granting an increase of pension to Rhody Ann quirements of rules 7, 8, 9, and 11. Bradshaw. The central board of examiners will carefully review all recommendations l\IESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. for the selection of carriers in connection with the applications and written and card-reading tests submitted therewith. Route inspectors must there A message from the Senate, by Mr. PARKINSON, one of its clerks, fore bear in mind that their recommendations will not necessarily control; announced that the Senate had passed with amendments the bill they are, however, desll'ed by the central board of examiners as a guide or aid in its consideration of the examination papers. (H. R. 6570) to amend the act of 1\fay 12, 1900, authorizing the Commissioner of Internlll Revenue to redeem or make allowance General Superinte11.dent. for internal-revenue stamps; in which the concurrence of the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Missis House was requested. , sippi has expired. The message also announced that the Senate had passed bill of Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, I thank the the folloWing title; in which the concurrence of the House was House for its kindly attention. [Applause.] requested: Mr. LOUD. I move that the committee rise. S. 2977. An act a'ithorizing the Missouri and Meramee Water The motion was agreed to. Company to take water from the Missouri River and to construct The committee accordingly rose; and the Speaker having re and maintain a dam or other devices for that purpose. sumed the chair, Mr. GILLETT of Massachusetts reported that the HOUSE BILL WITH SENATE .AMENDM:El'-i-orS REFERRED. Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union had had Under clause 2 of Ru1e XXIV, House bill (H. R. 6570) entitled under consideration the bill (H. R . 11728) to classify the rural "An act to amend the act of May 12, 1900, authorizing the Com free-delivery service and fix the compensation to employees thereof, missioner of Internal Revenue to redeem or make allowance for \nd had come to no resolution thereon. internal-revenue stamps (with Senate amendments), was taken E..."'ffiOLLED BILLS SIGNED. from the Speaker's table and referred to the Committee on Ways Mr. WACHTER, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, re and Means. ported that they had examined and found truly enrolled bills of ENROLLED BILLS PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDEl"iT OF THE UNITED the following titles; when the Speaker signed the same: STATES. H. R. 5224. An act for the relief of Edward Kershner: Mr. WACHTER, from the Committee on Em·olled Bills, re H. R. 4748. An act authorizing the President of the United ported that they had presented this day to the President of the States to nominate Lieut. Commander R. M. G. Brown, now on United States for his approval bill of the following title: the retired list, to be a commander on the retired list; H . R. 10308. An act to provide for a permanent census office. H. R. 969. An act granting a pension to Silas H. Cronk; H. R. 1280. An act granting a pension to Lizzie A. Campbell; SENATE BILLS REFERRED. H. R. 8620. An act granting a pension to Thomas Hall; Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, Senate bills of the following titles H. R . 2561. An act granting a pension to Sarah 0. Fields; were taken from the Speaker's table and referred to their appro H. R. 7623. An act granting a pension to Aaron M. Applegate; pi1.ate committees, as indicated below: H. R. 9670. An act granting an increase of pension to Aaron C. S. 3187. An act granting an increase of pension to Leroy S. Badger; Smith-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. H. R. 2225. An act granting an increase of pension to James 8. 3660. An act g1·anting a pension to Mary Sweeney-to the Mon1.s; Committee on Invalid Pensions. • H. R. 3688. An act granting an increase of pension to John S. 3577. An act granting an increase of ·pension to Mary V. Gagan; Walker-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. H. R. 2465. An act granting an increase of pension to James F. S. 3704. An act granting an increase of pension to Frededck E. Charlesworth; Rogers-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. H. R. 5959. An act granting an increase of pension to Francis S. 76. An act to provide for the purchase of a site and the erec Pear"' on, alias James F . Pearston; tion of a public building thereon at New Orleans, State of Louisi H. R. 8306. An act granting an increase of pension to Thomas ana-to the Committee on Public Buildings and Gronnds. W. Robinson; S. 3910. An act granting an increase of pension to Robert S. H. R. 6G8. An act granting an increase of pension to Henry N. Woodbury-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Tracy; S. 4024. An act for the relief of G. G. Martin-to the Commit H . R. 34:22. An act granting an increase of pension to James D. tee on Military Affa:ii·s. Elderkin· S. R. 56. Joint resolution providing for a modification in the H. R. S412. An act·gi·anting an increase of pension to WiJli":- -clopted project for the improvement of Everett Harbor, Wash H . Pierce; I g' ~ ')!l-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL-RECORD-HOUSE. 2381 S. 3021. An act granting a pension to India Stewart-to the on the southeastern end of Southampton Shoal San Franci.sco Bay, Committee on Pensions. California, reported the same without amendment, accompanied ~. 3612. Ail act to remove the charge of desertion fl'om the mil by a repo.t-t (No. 746); which said bill and report were refer.red to itary record of Charles J. Clark-to the Committee on Military the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union. Affairs. - Mr. JOY, from the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com S. 1881. .A.n act to correct the military record of Peter Connell merce, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 11719) to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to amend an act entitled ''An act to authorize the Pittsburg and S. 2802. An act granting a pension to Martha R.. Qsboum-to Mansfield Railroad Company to co.nstruct and maintain a bridge the Committee on Invalid Peri.sions. aCI·oss the Monongahela River1 " reported the same without S. 4095. An act granting an increase of pension to Charles. C. amendment, accompanied by a repol't (No. 748); which said bill Dudley-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. and report were referred to the House. Calendar. S. 2625. An act grantmg an increase of pension to Carlin Ham lin-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS. S. 3865... An act to establish light-hou.ses at the mouth of Boston Harbor to mark the entrance to the new Broad Sound Channel Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, private bills and resolutions were to the Committee on Interstate and Fmeign Commerce. severally reported from co.mmitteest delivered to the Clerk~ and S. 3!.)S.9. An act to establish a fish-culture station at or near the referred to the Committee of the Whole House,. as follows: town of Mammoth Spring, in the. State of Arka.nsa.s-to the Com Mr. KYLE, from the Committee on War Claims, to which was mittee on the Merchant MariD.e and Fisheries. . referred the bill of the House (H. R. 11565) for the relief of George S.244.2. An actco..nfirming title to the State of Nebraska of cer B. Caldwell, a-dministrator of Hamlin Caldwell, deceasedtreported tain selected indemnity school land.&-to the Committee on the the same without amendment accompanied by a.report (No. 747); Public LandS. which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. S. 3057. An act appropriating the receipts from the sale and Mr. KEHOE, from the Committee on War Claims, to which.was disposal of public lands in certain States and Territories to the referred the bill of the House (H. R. 2097) for the. relief of the construction of irrigation works for the reclamation of a1id heirs of S. H. Hill, deceased, reported the same without amend lands-to the Committee. on Irrigation of Arid Lands. ment, accompanied by a report (No. 749) ~which said bill andre :Mr. LOUD. I move that. the House adjom-n. port were referred to the Private Calendar. The motion was agreed to; and acco:rdingly (at. 5. o'clock and 2 Mr. SIMS, from the Committee on War Claims, to which was minutes p. m.} the House adjourned. refen·ed the bill of the House (H. R. 1234) for · the relief of the late Capt. Daniel C. Trewhitt, of Chattanooga~ Tenn.'· reported the samEZwithoutamendment,accompanied by a report (No. 750); EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS~ which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendax. Under clause 2 of Rule. XXIV, the following e.xec.utive com- Mr. CALDWELL, from the Committee on War Claims, to munioations were. taken from.. the Speaker's table andre!erred, as. which was referred the bill of the House (H R. 7120} for the re follows: lief of .Toseph Swisher, reported the· same with amendments, A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury,. transmitting a copy accompanied by a report (No. 751); which. said bill and report of a comrounication from. the. Soo:retary of the Interior submit- were referred to the Private Calendar. ting an estimate of appropriation for the Government Hospital Mr. SIMS, from the Committee on War Claims, to which was tor th~ fusane-tQ the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered referred the bill of the House (H. R. 1493) for the. relief of the to be printed. · heirs of William. Heryford, deceased} reported the same without A letw:r from the. Secretary of the· Treasury'· transmitting a amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 752); which said bill copy of a communication from the Secretary of the Interior sub- and report were referred tu the Private Calendar. mitting an estimate of appropriation for education in Alaska-to Mr. HENRY C. SMITH,. from the COmmittee. on. War Claims, the Committee on Appropriations, and orde1·ed to be printed. to which was referred the 1·esolution of the House (H. Res. 152} for A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury~ t1·ansmitting a the relief of Victoria, Ella, and Frank Wasson, heirs of Richard copy of a communication from the Commissioners of the Dis.trkt F. Wasson, reported the same without amendment, accompanied of Columbia submitting an estimate of appropriation for streets- by a report (No. 753); which said resolution and report were re to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. ferred to. the Private Calendar~ A letter from the assistant clerk of tho Court of Claims, trans- He also, from the same committee to which. was referred the res- mitt~n.g ~ copy of the conclusions of fact and law in. the. F1·ench olution of the House (H. Res. 153.) for the relief of the heirs of spoliation cases relating to the sc..hooner Betsey and Lucy~ Joseph Benjamin Lillard, reported the same without amendment1 ac Crown, master, against the United States-to the. Committee on companied by a report (No. 754.); which said ~:esolution and report Claims, and ordered to be printed. were referred to the Private Calenda_r. " A lettex from the president of the Board of Commissioners of . the District of Columbia, transmitting report of operations of PUBL10 BILLS,. MEMORIALS: AND RESOLUTIONSr the_e~cis.e board for the year ending October 31, 1901-to the Com mitttle on District of Cohunbia, and ordered to he printe~ Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills, resolutions, and memDrials of the following. titles were introduc~d and severally referred. as foUows· - REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND By Mr. NEEDHAM~ A bill (H- R.12091) to gran_t to the State RESOLUTIONS. of California the right to select indemnity in lieu of certain Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, bills and resolutions were sever- described lands, and for other purposes-to the Committee on ally reported from committees, delivered to the Clerk, and re- Indian Affairs. ferred to th-e several Calendars therein named,. as follows: · -. By Mr-. STEYENS of Minnesota; 4- bill (H. R. 12092) to pro- 1\Ir .. FLETC.HER, from th-e Committee on Interstate and For- VIde for a natiOnal park co!IliDlssion-to the Committee on eign Commerce, to which was referred the bill of the Honse (H. R. Military Affairs. . 11306) to. extend the time for the construction of a bridge across By Mr. CLAUDE KITCHIN: A bill (H. R.12093} to authorhe the Mississippi River at Burlington, Iowa, reported the same with- the constntction of a bridge across the Neuse River at or n-ear out amendment, aceompanied by a report (No. 743); which said Kinston,. N, 0 ..-to , the Committee on Interstate and Foreign bill and report were referred to the House Calendar. Commerce. . Mr. COOMBS, from the Committee on Interstate and Foreign By Mr. HANBURY: .A bill (H. R. 12094) to amend. an act Commerce, to which was referred the bill of the Senate (S. 2447) e~tit!ed '~An act to preve~t obstructive and injurious dep.osits to provide.for the construction of a light-ship for Blunts Reef, Within the harbor and adJacellt waters of New York City by :Paci.fic Ocean, off Cape Mendocino, Ca.li.fornia, reported the same dumping or otherwise,. and to punish and prevent such offense;" without amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 744); which to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. said bill and repo:rt were referred to the Committee of th-e Whole By Mr. REEVES: A bill (H. R. 12095) to amend section 4883 House on the state of the Union~ of the Revised Statutes, relating to the signing of letters ~atent He also, from the sa.me committee, to. which was referred the for inventions-to the Committee on Patents. bill of the Senate (S. 2446) to establish a light and fog signal at a By Mr. . SPARKMAN: A bill (H. R~ 12096) providing for the point onKarquiues Strait, Califomia, opposite that now occupied erection of a public building at the city of Ocala, Fla~, and for by the Selby Smelting Works, reported. the same without amend- other pm·poses-to the Committee on Public Buildings and ment, accompanied by a repo:tt (No. 745); w.hich said bill andre- Grounds. port were :referred to, the· Qollll'Ilittee of the. WhQle, Rouse on_the By Mr. PAYNE: A bill (H. R. 12.097} to amend the internal- state of th~ Union.. revenue laws in regard to storekeepei's· and gaugers-to the Com- I{e also, from the- same comw.ittee, to which was referre . 2382 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MAROH 4, act of Congress approved May 14, 1898, entitled '"An act ex crease of pension to Allen K. Lane-to the Committee on Invalid tending the homestead laws and providing for a right of way for Pensions. railroads in the district of .Alaska "-to the Committee on the By Mr. NORTON: A bill (H. R.12121) granting an increase of Public Lands. pension to Christopher Terflinger-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. MUDD: A bill (H. R. 12099) for the relief of certain Pensions. officers of the Marine Corps of the United States Navy-to the By Mr. PALMER: A bill (H. R. 12122) granting an honorable Committee on Naval Affairs. · discharge to E. A. Niven-to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. CANNON (by request): A bill (H. R. 12100) for mak By Mr. ROBERTSON of Louisiana: A bill (H. R. 12123) for the ing a grant of alternate sections of the public lands in the Terri relief of the estate of George W. Dyson, deceased, late of Washing tory of Alaska to aid in the construction of a certain railroad in ton Parish. La.-to the Committee on War Claims. said Territory, and for other purposes-to the Committee on the By Mr. SHATTUC: A bill (H. R. 12124) granting an increase Public Lands. of pension to V. B. Clark, of Company E, Thirty-ninth Ohio Vol By Mr. LACEY: A bill (H. R. 12117) to extend to Alaska the unteer Infantry-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. provisions of the act of June 3, 1878, entitled "An act for the sale By Mr. SHOWALTER: A bill (H. R. 12125) to correct the mili of timber lands in the States of California,. Oregon, Nevada, and tary record of Perry Childs, late of Company I, Fifty-seventh Washington Territory," and ads amendatory thereof-to the Pennsylvania Volunteers-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Committee on the Public Lands. . Also, a bill (H. R. 12126) granting a pension to Samuel B. Wil By Mr. LANHAM: A joint resolution (H. J. Res. 161) author son-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. izing the Secretary of War to loan tents to the Texas Reunion By Mr. WANGER: A bill (H. R. 12127) to recognize the mili Association-to the Committee on Military Affairs. tary services of George R. Burnett, late first lieutenant, Ninth · By Mr. WACHTER: A resolution (H. Res.154) authorizing the United States Cavalry-to the Committee on Military Affairs. chairman of the Committee on Enrolled Bills to appoint an addi By Mr. WARNOCK: A bill (H. R. 12128) granting an increase tional clerk, who shall be paid, out of the contingent fund of the of pension to Mary E. Bell, formerly Hartly, matron, Medical House, $6 per day during the remainder of the present session-to Department, United States Volunteers-to the Committee on In the Committee on Accounts. valid Pensions. By Mr. GAINES of Tennessee: Memorial relative to the Branch By Mr. WILLIAMS of illinois: A bill (H. R.12129) granting a Soldiers' Home at Johnson City, Tenn.-tothe Committee on Mili pension to Minnie M. Rice-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. tary Affairs. · By Mr. WOODS: A bill (H. R. 1'2130) granting a pension to Also, memorial requesting Congress to call a convention for the Christopher S. Stevens-to the Committee on Pensions. purpose of an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, By Mr. YOUNG: A bill (H.- R. 12131) to restore to the pension which amendment shall provide for the election of United States roll Franklin Tyler-to the Committee on Pensions. Senators by direct vote of the people-to the Committee on Elec By Mr. JACKSON of Kansas: A bill (H. R. 12132) for there tion of President, Vice-President, and Representatives in Congress. lief of Allen C. Davis-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, memorial in favor of election of United States Senators Also, a bill (H. R. 12133) to remove charge of desertion against by popuJar vote of the people-to the Committee on Election of Thomas Todd-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. President, Vice-President, and Representatives in Congress. By Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee: A bill (H. R. 12134) granting a pension to John F. Yeargin-to the Committee on In valid Pensions. PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. By Mr. ESCH: A bill (H. R. 12135) granting an honorable dis Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills of the following titles charge to Galen E. Green-to the Committee on Military Affairs. were presented and referred as follows: · By Mr. DE GRAFFENREID: A bill (H. R. 12136) granting an By Mr. BARTLETT: A bill (H. R. 12101) granting a pension increase of pension to Stephen May-to the Committee on Pen to William E. Gray-to the Committee on Pensions. sions. By Mr. BLAKENEY: A bill (H. R.12102) to remove the charge By Mr. MUDD: A bill (H. R. 12137) granting an increase of of desertion from George W. Keeny-to the Committee on Mili pension to James Grissinger-to the Committee on Invalid Pen- tary Affairs. ~~& . By Mr. BRICK: A bill (H. R. 12103) granting an increase of pension to Henry Hale-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. BROWNLOW: A bill (H. R. 12104) for the relief of PETITIONS, ETC. Mary Keith and Benny Keith-to the Committee on the Public Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, thefollowingpetitionsandpapers Lands. were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: By Mr. DRAPER: A bill (H. R. 12105) granting a pension to By the SPEAKER: Petition of Saginaw Post, No. 38, Depart Annie P. Pinney-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ment of Michigan, Grand Army of the Republic, for investiga By Mr. FEELY: A bill (H. R.12106) toremovetheorderof dis tion of the administration of the Bureau of Pensions-to the missal from the military record of Melville N. Goodrich-to the Committee on Rules. Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. ACHESON: Petition of the United Labor League of Also, a bill (H. R. 12107) granting an increase of pension to WesternPennsylvania,inopposition t.o Senate bills 2054 and 1644, Benjamin T. Wells-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. relating to elect1'ic wiring in the· Distl'ict of Columbia-to the Also, a bill (H. R. 12108) granting an increase of pension to Committee on the District of Columbia. Jane Buckley-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, petition of Jerry Jones Post, No. 541, of Smithfield, Pa.; Also, a bill (H. R. 12109) granting an increase of pension to Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Pennsylvania, for Frederick Benefeldt-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. investigation of the administration of the Bureau of Pensions-to By Mr. GILBERT: A b~ (H. R. 12110) grant~ng a pension to the Committee on Rules. Amy Griffey--'-to the Comrruttee on Invahd Penswns. Also, resolutions of Bricklayers' Union No. 11; of Washington, By Mr. HAMILTON: A bill (H. R.12111).granting an i~crease Pa.; Union No. 80, of Coraopolis, and Mine Workers' Union No. of pension to W. M. Gaunt-to the Committee on Invalid Pen 132, of Pricedale, Pa., favoring the continuation of the exclusion sions. law against Chinese laborers-to the Committee on Foreign By Mr. HANB~Y: A bill (H. R.12112) graD;ting an increa~e Affairs. of pension to Hennetta A. Buell-to the Comrruttee on Invalid By Mr. ADAMS: Petition of Retail Merchants' ~sociation ot P ensions. Philadelphia, Pa., in opposition to House bill 9352-to the Com- • By :Mr. HOLLID.AY: A bill. (H. R. 12113) gran~g an increa~e mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. of pensi.on to BenJamm R. Little-to the Committee on Invalid Also, resolutions of Pennsylvania Shoe Manufacturers' Asso Pen~ons. • ciation: of Philadelphia, favoring the establishment of a depart By Mr. HUGHES: A bill (H. R. 12114) granting a pension to ment of commerce-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign C. E. Vest-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Commerce. By Mr. JONES of Washington: A bill (H. R. ~2115) gran~ng a By Mr. BALL of Delaware: Petitions of citizens of Delmar and pension to Chester E. Wadsworth-to the Comrrutteeon PensiOns. Dover, Del., and Shipbuilders' Union No. 59, of Wilmington, Del., By 1\fr. yYILLIAM W. KITCHIN: A bill (H.~· 12116) gran.t favoring extension of the Chinese-exclusion act-to the Committee ing a pensiOn to W. A. Hopper-to the Committee on Invahd on Foreign Affairs. Pensions. Also, resolution of Shipbuilders' Union No. 59, of Wilmington, By Mr. MEYER of Louisiana: A bill (H. R. 12118) for there Del., favoring the construction of war vessels in the Government lief of Citizens' Bank of Louisiana, in the city of New Orleans navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. BARTLETT: Resolution of Bricklayers and Masons' · Also a bill (H. R. 12119) to grant an honorable discharge to Union No.4, of Macon, Ga., favoring a further restriction of im Otto M. Tennison-to the Committee on Military Affairs. migration-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturaliza By Mr. MIERS of Indiana: A bill (H. R. 12120) granting an in- tion. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2383 By Mr. BELL: Resolution of Tile Layers' Union of Denver, J. H. Antrobus, committee, asking for the restoration of P County, Colo., and Switchmen's Union of Pueblo, Colo., favor~g exten in Oklahoma-to the Committee on the Territories. sion of the Chinese-exclusion act-to the Committee on Foreign Also, resolution of Division No. 171, Order of Railroad Con Affairs. . ductors, of Mechanicsville, N. Y., advocating the reenactment of Also, resolution of Saguache Stock Growers' Association, of the Chinese-exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Saguache, Colo., against the oleomargarine bill-to the Com By Mr. FEELY: Petition of the Lake Seamen's Union, opposing mittee on Agriculture. the passage of House bill No. 7189, to change the name of the United Also resolution of Lithographers' Union of Denver, Colo., in States Marine-Hospital Service to that of "United States Health opposition to House bill 5777, amending the copyright law-to Service "-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. the Committee on Patents. Also, petition of the Lake Seamen's Union, in opposition to the Also, resolutions of a mass meeting of people of Denver, Colo., reenactment of section 4599 of chapter 7 of the Revised Statutes asking that the United States offer its good offices to end the war of the United States-to the Committee on the Merchant Marine· between England and the Boer Republic-to the Committee on and Fisheries. Foreign Affairs. Also, petitions of the Wood Workers' Union No.1; Steel and By Mr. BRICK: Resolution of Cathcart Post, of Bristol, Ind., Copper Plate Plinters No.4; Carpenters' Union No. 13, and Pack and Post No. 206, of Fulton, Ind., advocating the building of war ing Trades Councils, all of Chicago, ill., favoring the reenactment vessels in the navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. of the Chinese-exclusion act-to the Committee on Foreign Af Also, resolution of Indianapolis Division, No. 11, Brotherhood fairs. of Locomotive Engineers, of Indianapolis, Ind., in support of Sen By Mr. FITZGERALD: Petition of the board of supervisors of ate bill1118 and House bill1060, limiting the meaning of the word Coconino County, Ariz., in oppositio:Q. to legislation exempting "conspiracy," etc.-to the Committee on the Judiciary. the Santa Fe Railway Company from taxation in Arizona Terri Also, resolution of Cigar Makers' Union No. 221, South Bend, tory-to the Committee on Pacific Railroads. Ind., in favor of the reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion act-to Also, resolution of Columbus Lodge, No. 401, Brooklyn, N.Y., the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Association of Machinists, protesting against further extension Also, resolution of John Hill Division, Elkhart, Ind., Locomo of leave of absence to employees of navy-yards and arsenals-to tive Engineers, and Carpenters' Union No. 413, of South Bend, the Committee on Naval Affairs. Ind., for the passage of laws which will prevent the immigration By Mr. GILL: Resolutions of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of persons who can not read-to the Committee on Immigration United Presbyterian Church, and First Presbyterian Church, all and Naturalization. of Cadiz, Ohio, for the passage of the Gillett-Lodge bill, favoring By Mr. BROMWELL: Resolutions of Amalgamated Glass the exclusion of intoxicants from all countries inhabited chiefly Workers' Association No.9, Cincinnati, Ohio, in relation to the by native races-to the Committee on Alcoholic Liquor Traffic. right of petition of employees of the Government-to the Com Also, petition of citizens of Carrollton and New Harrisburg, mittee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Ohio, for amendment of Constitution to prohibit and punish Also, petition of Carpenters' Union No. 676, Cincinnati, Ohio, polygamy and defining legal marriage-to the Committee on the advocating the construction of war vessels in United States navy Judiciary. yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Also, petitions of Lewis Avon Union, No. 34,and Union No:56, By Mr. BURKETT: Petition of National Association of Retail of Martins Ferry, Ohio, asking for reenacment of the Chinese Grocers, in favor of pure-food legislation as given in House bill exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. 9352-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. GORDON: ·Resolution of Lima Division, No. 299, Order By Mr. CALDERHEAD: Petitiop. of Joe Porter, J. W. Bishop, of Railroad Conductors, of Lima, Ohio, advocating the reenact and J. H. Antrobus, committee, asking the restoration of P ment of the C}linese-exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign County, now known as Woods County, Okla.-to the Committee Affairs. on the Territories. By Mr. HANBURY: Resolution of board of education of the Also, resolutions of National Association of Agricultural Imple city of New York, urging that House bill7640 be so amended as ment and Vehicle Manufacturers, Chicago, TIL, and citizens of to include the city of New York-to the Committee on Naval Hanover, Kans., against House bill 6578, known as the parcels-post Affairs. bill-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Also, resolution of Columbus Lodge, No. 401, Association.._ of Also, resolution of National Association of Retail Grocers, St. Machinists, Brooklyn, N.Y., for the eight-hour law-to the Com Louis, Mo., in favor of the passage of House bill9352, known as mittee on Labor. the pure-food bill-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Also, resolutions of Columbus Lodge, No. 401, Association of Commerce. Machinists, Brooklyn, N.Y., urging that the navy-yards be util Also, resolution of Kansas State Society of Labor and Indus ized for the construction of war vessels-to the Committee on try, asking that the desert-land laws be amended-to the Com Naval Affairs. mittee on the Public Lands. Also, resolution of Columbus Lodge, No. 401, Association of Also, resolution of Eggleston Post, ~ o. 244, Wichita, Kans., Machinists, Brooklyn, N.Y., advocating the reenactment of the favoring the building of war vessels in the navy-yards-to the Chinese-exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Committee on Naval Affairs. . Also, resolution of Columbus Lodge, No. 401, Association of By Mr. CANNON: Resolution of Carpenters and Joiners' Union Machinists, Brooklyn, N. Y., protesting against the further en No. 496, of Kankakee, Ill., in regard to immigration-to the Com actment of law to extend leave of· absence to Government em mittee on Immigration and Naturalization. ployees in the navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. By Mr. CASSINGHAM: Resolution of Typographical Union By Mr. JACK: Petitions of citizens of Covode and vicinity, No. 364, Coshocton, Ohio, favoring the prohibition of immigrants Pennsylvania, asking for an amendment to the Constitution de other than \vives and children who can not read-to the Commit fining legal marriage-to the Committee on the Judiciary. tee on Immigration and Naturalization. Also, resolutions of Tin Workers' Union No. 10, of New Ken Also, resolutions of TypographiGal Union No. 364 and Federa sington; Bartenders' Union No. 2·75, of Monessa, Pa., and citi tion of Labor Council No. 8170, of Coshocton, Ohio, advocating zens of Punxsutawney, Pa., favoring a reenactment of the Chi the building of war vessels in the navy-yards-to the Committee nese-exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. on Naval Affairs. By Mr. JACKSON of Kansas: Paper to accompany House bill By Mr. CONNELL: Resolutions of Cigar Makers' Union of 11676, granting a pension to Mrs. W. E. Bridges-to the Commit Scranton, Pa., in regard to immigmtion-to the Committee on tee on Invalid Pensions. Immigration and Naturalization. Also, papers to accompany House bill12132, granting a pension Also, resolutions of Cigar Makers' Union No. 295 and United to Allen C. Davis-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mine Workers' Union No. 1428, of Scranton, Pa., and Building By Mr. KEHOE: Resolutions of Joseph Heiser Post, No, 13, Trades Council of St. Louis, Mo., in favor of the exclusion of Grand Army of the Republic, of Maysville, Ky., urging that the Chinese laborers-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. navy-yards be utilized for the construction of war vessels-to the Also, resolution of the Illinois Manufacturers' Association, for Committee on Naval Affairs. extension of trade between United States and Cuba-to the Com By Mr. KETCHAM: Resolutions of Bricklayers and Masons' mittee on Ways and Means. Union No. 44, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., relating to Chinese exclu Also, resolution of the National Building Trades Council of sion-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. America, asking for the enactment of certain land legislation-to Also, petitions of Carpenters' Unions of Poughkeepsie and the Committee on the Public Lands. Kingston, N.Y., favoring restrictive legislation on immigration By Mr. DINSMORE: Papers to accompany House bill relating to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. · to the correction of the military record of Lafayette Mason, of By Mr. LANHAM: Papers to accompany House bill 2785, for Crawford County, Kans.-to the Committee on Military Af the relief of Elijah Crudgington-to the Committee on Military fairs. Affairs. By Mr. DB.U>ER: Petition of Joe Porter, J. W. Bishop, an4 By Mr. LINDSAY: Resolution of International Association of 2384 CONG-RESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARcH 4, Machinists Columbus Lodger No. 401, Brooklyn, N. Y~, advo- Union No. 37, of Fo:rt Wayne1 Ind., favming the reenactment of eating the building of war vessels in the navy-yardsr-to the Com- the Chinese-exclusion act-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. mittee on Naval Affairs. Also, petition of Post No. 47, Grand Al'my of the Republic, Also, resolution of Columbus Lodge, No. 4-011 Association of Department of Tennessee, for investigation of the administration liachinists, Brooklyn, N.Y., favoring extension of the Chinese- of the Bu:rean of Pensions-to the Committee on Rnles. exclusion act-to the C ALso - petitions of Retail Clerks.~ Unifm No. 48& of Kingston1 asking for the enactment of certain land legislation-to the Com Pa:., and Order of Railroad Tele~aphers No. 67, ot Wilke-s barre~ mittee on the Public Lands Pa., favm'ing the construction of war vessels in the. Government , By Mr. SLAYDEN; Petition of Alamo Lodge No. 138, Switch navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affair.s men's Union~ San Antonio· Tex.'· praying for the. further restri:c- Also, petition of H. F\ Week& and otheTs, of Pittston2 Pa. r ask- tion of immigration-to the Committee on Immigration and ing fo.r the repeal of the war tax on malt liquors-to the Com- Naturalization. mittee on Ways and 1\Ieans. By Mr. SUTHERLAND: Resolution of board of governors of Also petition of Union No. 1397, of Hazleton7 Pa., and Central the Commercial Club of Salt Lake City Utah, for the establish Labor Union of Wilkesbarre, Pa., favoring a;. reenactment of the ment of a. national department of mining, etc.-to the Commit- Chinese-exclusioo law-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. tee on Mines and l!Iin:irig. · By M.r. PATTERSON of Pennsylvania:- Resolution of United By Mr. SULLOWAY: Resolution of Bottlers and Drivers' Mine Workers' Union No. 169, of McAdoo Pa., in favor of tne Union of Portsmouth, N.H., for an educational test in the re exclusion of Chinese labore:ts from the United States and insular striction of immigration-to the Committee on Immigration and possessions-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. . Naturalization. By Mr~ PAYNE: Papers to, accompany House bill 12054, for Also1 petitions of the Woman's Christian Temperance Unions the relief of Elizabeth Burrill-ta.theCommittee on Invalid Pen- of Hinsdale Haverhill, Newfields, Henniker, North Hampton, sions. Whitefield, East Andover r Hampton Falls, Milford, ·Laconia, and By Mr. PRINCE: Petition of HarrietT. Miller and 52 others, Berlin, N.H., for amendment of Constitution to prohibit and pun of Geneseo,. ill.~ for amendment of Constitution to prohibit and ish polygamy and defining legal marriage-to the. Committee on punish polygamy and defining legal marriage-to. the Committee the Judiciary on the Judiciary. By Mr. WADSWORTH:. Resolution of Barbers' International By Mr. PUGSLEY: Papers to accompany House bill 11831, Union No. 177 and Brick and Stone Masons' Union No. 15, of granting an increase of pension to John W. Acker-to the Com- Lockport, N.Y., favoring a further restriction of immigration- mittee on Invalid Pensions. to the Committee on Immigration and N a.t.uralization. Also, papers to accompany House bill 9948, granting a pension Also, resolution of Brick and Stone Masons Union No. 15 of to Sarah Frances Taft-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Lockport N Y., favoring the Chinese-exclusion act-to the Com- Also, resolution of Bronx BOTough Council of Brotherllood of mittee on Foreign Affairs. Carpenters and Joiner , fe1· resti'ictive- legislation on immigra- By Mr. WARNOCK: Papers to accompany House bill 12128, tion-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. · granting a pen ion to- Mary E. Bell-to the Committee on Invalid Also, resolution of Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen, of PensionsL Albany, N.Y., favoring the bill to limit the power of Federal Bv Mr. WARNER: Petition of the Alaska Chamber of Com com·ts in granting injunctions in trade: disputes-to th~ Commit- merce, of Juneau, Alaska, for further legislation for the district tee on the Judiciary · of Alaska-to. th-e Committee on Revision of the Laws. By Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee: Paper to. accompany By Mr. WILLIAMS of Dlinois· Petition. of James :Mayes Post, House bill for the. :reliefi of Nancy P. White-to. the Commit+.,ee No. 480, Grand Army of the Republic,.Department of illinois for on Invalid Pensions. investigation of the administration o.f the. Bureatr of Pensions ByMr RIXEY: PetitionofWilliamHutehinson, of Alexandria, to the· Committee. on Rules. Va., for referenee of war clail;n to. the Cowrt f>i Claims-to the Com- Also, :paper to accompany House. bill 12129, for the relief of mittee on War Claims. Minnie :M:. Rice-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr ROBINSON of Indiana: Petition af Cigar- Makel's'· By Mr.. WILSON· Resolution of ColUII,lbUS' Lodge, No 401, . 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2385 Brooklyn, N. Y., opposing further leave of absen-ce for navy-yard ton Mills, W.Va., praying for the passage of the so-called Grout employees-to the Committee on Naval .Affairs. bill, to regulate the manufacture and sale of oleomargarine; which Also, petition of Columbus Lodge, No. 401, Association of was ordered to lie on the table. Machinists, Brooklyn, N.Y., to exclude Chinese laborers-to the He also presented petitions of sundry citizens of Gormania and Committee on Foreign Affairs. Stewartstown and of Local Union No 8, American Federation of By Mr. WOODS: Petition of Brewery Workmen's Union No. Labor, of Clarksburg, all in the State of West Virginia, praying 6 of Sacramento, Cal., favoring the Chinese-exclusion act-to the for the reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion law; which were re Committee on Fereign Affairs. ferred to the Committee on Immigration. By Mr. WRIGHT: Resolution of Boiler Makers' LodgeNo.147, Mr. DILLINGHAM presented a petition of sundry citizens of Susquehanna, Pa., favoring an educational test in the restriction Healdville, Vt., praying for the passage of the so-called Grout of immigration-to the Committee on Immigration and Natural bill, to regulate the manufacture and sale of oleomargarine; which ization. was ordered to lie on the table. By 1\fr. YOUNG: Petition of Newspaper Writers' Union No. He also presented petitions of Waterson Post, No. 45, of Chel 11, of Philadelphia, Pa., favoring the prohibition of immigrants, sea, and of A. E. Leavenworth Post, No. 108, of Castleboro, De other than wives 2.nd children, who can not read-to the Commit partment of Vermont, Grand Army of the Republic; of Granite tee on Immigration and NatuTalization. Cutters' National Union, of Montpelier; of United Garment Workers' Local Union No. 78, of Newport; of Carpenters and Joiners' Local Union No. 590, of Rutland, and of Painters' Local SENATE. Union No. 311, of Montpelier, of the American Federation of La bor, all in the State of Vermont, praying for the enactment of WEDNE SDAY~ ]fa'rch 5, 1902. legislation authorizing the construction of war vessels in the Praym· by the Chaplain, Rev. W; H. MILBURN, D. D. navy-yards of the country; which were refen-ed to the Committee The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's on Naval Affairs. proceedings, when, on request of Mr. ScoTT, and by unanimous He also presente~ a petition of Farragut Post, No. 4, Depart conse::1t, the further reading was dispensed with. ment of California and Nevada, Grand Army of the Republic, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Vfithout objection, the Jour of Vallejo, Cal. , praying that veterans be given preference in the nal will stand approved. It is approved. employment of laborers and mechanics in the navy-yards and ar senals of the country; which was referred to the Committee on DIRECl'OR OF THE UNITED STATES N.A. V.AL OBSERV .A.TORY. Naval Affairs. The PRESIDENT pTo tempore laid before the Senate a com Mr. CLARK of Montana presented a petition of 107 citizens of munication from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a Butte, Mont., praying for the enactment of legislation providing · letter from the Secretary of the Navy submitting an estimate of an educational test for immigrants and the exclusion and deporta appropriation for salary of a director of the United States Naval tion of alien anarchists, and also for the extension of the Chinese Observatory, $5,000; which, with the accompanying paper, was exclusion act; which was referred to the Committee on Immigra referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs, and ordered to be tion. printed. Mr. DRYDEN presented petitions of Councils Nos. 114,244,81, PETITIONS ..AND MEMORI.A.LS, 77, 85, 209, 242, 264, and 180, of Greenville, Bloomfield, Newmar Mr. NELSON presented a petition of sundry business firms ket, Matawan, Oakhurst, Midvale, Liberty Corner, Hoboken, and of Minneapolis, Minn., praying for the retention of the present Newark, all of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, tax on bucket shops; which was referred to the Committee on in the State of New Jersey, praying for the reenactment of the Finance. Chinese-exclusion law; which were referred to the Committee on He also presented petitions of Flour Mill Employees' Local Immigration. Union No. 8661, of Minneapolis; of Hoisting Engineers' Local Mr. KEAN presented a petition of sundry citizens of Lamberts Union No. 86, of Minneapolis; of Upholsterers' Local Union No. ville, N . J., praying for the passage of the so-called Grout bill, to 23, of Minneapolis; of Steam Engineers' Local Union No. 36, of regulate the manufacture and sale of oleomargarine; which was St. Paul, and of the Bricklayers' Local Union No.3, of Duluth, ordered to lie on the table. all of the American Federation of Labor in the State of Minne He also presented the memorial of Miss M.G. Sexton, president sota, praying for the reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion law; of the Woman's Suffrage Association of the State of New Jersey, which were referred to the Committee on Immigration. · remonstrating against the management and control of vice by the Mr. DOLLIVER presented a petition of sundry dtizens of board of health of Manila, P. I.; which was referred to the Com- Cherokee, Iowa, praying for the passage of the so-called Grout mittee on the Philippines. . · bill, to regulate the manufa.cture and sale of oleomargarine; He also presented a petition of Local Division No. 307, Order of which was ordered to lie on the table. Railway Conductors, of Somerville, N.J., and a petition of De He also presented a petition of Machinists' Local Union No. fender Division, No. 312, Order of Railway Conductors, of Wee 269, American Federation of Labor, of Ottumwa, Iowa, and a hawken, N.J., praying for the passage of the so-called Foraker petition of Julien Lodge, No. 379, International Association of Corliss bill, to amend the safety-appliance law; which were referred Machinists, of Dubuque, Iowa, praying for the enactment of to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. legislation authorizing the construction of war vessels in the navy He also presented a petition of Laborers' Protective Union No. yards of the country; which were referred to the Committee on 8049, American Federation of Labor, of Long Branch, N. J., and Naval Affairs. a petition of the National Brewers' Local Union No. 26, American He also presented a petition of the Key City Lodge, No. 106, Federation of Labor, of Trenton, N. J ., praying for the enactment Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, of Dubuque, Iowa, and a of legislation authorizing the construction of war vessels in the petition of Local Union No. 851, United Mine Workers of Amer navy-yards of the country; which were referred to the Committee ica, of Marqnisville, Iowa: praying for the passage of the so-called on Naval Affairs. Hoar anti-injunction bill, to limit the meaning of the word "con He also presented petitions of sundry citizens of Haddenfield, spiracy '' and the use of '' restraining orders and injunctions '' in Jersey City, and Basking Ridge, all in the State of New Jersey, certain cases; which were ordered to lie on the table. praying for the adoption of an amendment to the Constitution to He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Zearing, Iowa, prohibit polygamy; which were referred to the Committee on the praying for the enactment of legislation providing for the election Judiciary. of United States Senators by a direct vote of the people; which He also presented petitions of Defender Division, No. 312, Order were referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections. of Railway Conductors, of Weehawken; of International Associa He also presented petitions of Waiters' Alliance No. 223, of tion of Machinists, Local Union No. 188, of Paterson; of Granite Des 1\ioines; of Painters' Local Union No. 246, of Des Moines; Workers' Local Union No. 91, of Monistown; of Brewers' Local of Typographical Union No. 68, of Keokuk; of Local Union No. Union No. 26, of Trenton; of Typographical Union No. 235, of 916 , of Hiteman, and of Typographical Union No. 1180, of Des Rahway; of the Central Labor Union of Hudson County; of Piano Moines. ~ll of the Ametican Federation of Labor, and of Local and Organ Makers' International Union No. 32, of Jersey City, and Divisio:ii No. 268, Order of Railroad Conductors, of l,farion, all in Bricklayers,Masons,andPlasterers' Local Union No. 33,of Atlan the State of Iowa, praying for the reenactment of the Chinese tic City, all of the American Federation of Labor; of Lumberton exclusion law; which we1·e l'eferred to the Committee on Immi Council., No. 13, of Lumberton; of Warren Council, No. 16, of gration. Washington; of Local Council No. 49, of Tabernacle, and of Hol Mr. GAMBLE presented the petition of F . P . Melvin and 47 lywood Council, No. 29, of Long Branch, all of the Junior Order other citizens of Avon, S.Dak., and the petition of Charles Hem of United American Mechanics, and of 22 citizens of New Jersey, ing and 47 other citizens of Spencer, S. Dak., praying for the pas all in the State of New Jersey, praying for the reenactment of the sage of the so·~alled Grout bill, to regnlate the manufacture and Chinese-exclusion law; which were referred to the Committee on &'lle of oleomargarine ; which was ordered to lie on the table. Immigration. Mr. SCOTT presented a petition of sundry citizens of Bruce- Mr. CULLOM presented petitions of Steam Engineers' Locft.l XXXV- 150