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Analysis of High Speed Trains JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 10, 2020 Analysis of High Speed Trains Varun Mohan1, Santosh Kumar2 1,2Dept. of General Science,Sharda University, Greater Noida, U.P. Email Id- [email protected], [email protected] Received: 6 February 2020 Revised and Accepted: 21 May 2020 ABSTRACT: This article introduces the concept of great-speed trains in simplistic engineering terms. High speed trains are those that have high running velocities and require specific construction and equipment for their operation. This review aims to discuss how the high speed trains function and what implications they have on public transportation. The objective of this review is to introduce to the reader the functions of a great-speed rail. The scope of this review only extends to reviewing the relevant material provided. This paper does not involve an experimental or simulation study. The paper is organized into four sections. Types of tracks, Power, Flow field around the train and economic efficiency of the train. In the depth of this paper, the detailed explanation of the track system, power generation, aerodynamics, and the economic efficiency of the high speed train are provided, which will give a perfect visualization of the mechanism [how it works] of the whole system. KEYWORDS: Aerodynamics, Efficiency, Speed, Tracks, Trains I. INTRODUCTION "High speed rail," experiencing this process, offers several citizens a vision of a train that runs at an incredible speed (e.g. Japanese Bullet Train, the quickest train in the world). But is it really simple idea of high speed train? Is it just going at a fast pace, because it's obvious? The reaction is no. As intellects say that the idea of high speed train looking straight path is in fact a complicated labyrinth. To grasp the concept of it (high speed rail), individuals need to be fully aware of it and have a proper understanding of every particular detail, i.e. working procedure, and sections to focus mainly on. But it will be more understandable to get a proper definition of high speed train before getting a vivid explanation of the concept. Great speed Rail is a type of train that uses a sophisticated rolling stock system (a system by which vehicles move on a railway, specially designed train sets) and a specialist track to maintain a very high speed. High speed train has no worldwide norm over its pace. But a Great-speed rail will reach speeds of up to 200 to 220 km / h in existing systems and lines (newly proposed track would elevate it to 250 km / h). Keywords such as induction, aerodynamic derailment drag etc. are very simple concepts in engineering that need little detailed explanation. The article can still be considered helpful by an individual with non-engineering experience and expertise as the terminology used in this paper apply to all. High speed rail is known to be an important transportation in this modern world, and will play a very important role in the near future (in terms of speed and travel). Ergo, the main goal / objective of this article is to present it to the citizens and to suggest some useful ideas towards its growth[1]–[3]. 1. Types of Tracks: High speed trains require different styles of tracks to operate, as it is greatly affected by the damage on the rail from high speed trains. Therefore, there are several different forms of railway which are intended to be able to handle the burden from the moving trains as well as to avoid accidents and to make sure the passengers are healthy. 2. Maglev: Maglev technology was first developed and used in Japan Maglev tracks which operate on a magnetic levitation device to shift the trains without the individual train being in contact. The magnets allow the train to pass by traction, allowing the train to travel at speeds that are extremely fast. Guang Yang & Zhenmin Tang describe this principle as " The maglev rail is supplied with the pull of the operated suspensions electric motor to the commutator container, as well as the interstice balance is retained steady by regulating the thrilling current suspension." The principle can be seen in magnets when opposite poles attract, but there is a gravitational attraction as 744 JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 10, 2020 adjacent poles come close together. The repulsion allows for levitation by the car. When mentioned earlier, by stimulating the current, the continuous polarity change enables the train to be pushed by the magnetic field and this forces the train to push forward. It allows for fast speeds to be reached due to the lack of traction leading to no interaction with the surface. It technology has allowed trains to reach a speed of 600kph in Japan[4]. 3. Rail and Wheel: Rail and wheel is a device where it is connected to the axle below the rail as a flanged plate. This system has long been in use but the first high speed rail and wheel network was developed in 1960. The wheel has to be built to have sufficient rail contact, or this will cause complications and inefficiency. Discussing protection in using these trains coincides with the development of high-speed trains. A big frequent occurrence is train derailment. Derailment will happen for many different reasons such as: Broken rails Broken wheels Improper interaction between rail and wheels High speed banking With high-speed trains, the speed at which the train would bank would be a major concern in the derailment. If the train moves at a speed above the required velocity at a given area, it may overturn. The indication of this might be the 2013 Santiago de Compostela derailment in Spain. Measures that are being introduced are that every morning the train operators require a low speed train that holds no passengers to do a round trip and test for any problems that may arise on the tracks. 4. Power: The high speed trains, like every other system, do require power to operate. There were trains running on gas or diesel engines. But electric power conversion is required to support a high-speed train. This segment would address the numerous ways to power the high-speed trains. II. LITERATURE SURVEY Many traveling in other countries will see HSR facilities and ask why a similar transportation system has not been developed in the U.S. The associated fact sheet presents a review of the role of the HSR operation in the world and a short overview of the international high-speed rail initiatives and discusses issues that legislators and businessmen might like to address during their long-haul plan for prospective US transportation infrastructure. Although there is no uniform universal requirement for high-speed trains, new commuter trains with speeds approaching 250 kilometers / h (kilometers / h) or 160 kilometers / hour (mph) are usually called fast speeds, and current infrastructure of over 200 km / h (120 mph). Although some channels include an application express, most Asian and European nations have built highly rail transit for commuter transport.[5]–[9] 1. High rail transportation Born In In: The very first great-speed train system, known called bullet train, was implemented in 1964 in Japan. Today, Japan does have a system of eight great-speed railway lines that connect 22 of its big cities, spread across its 3 primary islands, with another three under reconfiguration. This is the fastest high-speed train operation on an average trip and carried more than 420,000 people. The trains are running up to 320 kilometers / h as well as the railway says that in more over 50 years of service there were neither death nor injuries accident. France became France in 1981 with service between Brussels and Lyons at 200 km / h. The first nation to render great-speed railway open to the public. The French great-speed trains already have nearly 2,800 kilometers of tracks des nations’ vitesse (LGV), and can run up to 320 km / h or 200 miles on their TGV. The SNCF regional rail company operates this high-speed intercity rail operation. Russian service of Inter-City share (ICE) high- speed trains began in 1991 thru many German cities. The Eurostar train started operating in 1994, linking Paris to London via the Channel Tunnel. Because of France has early embraced great-speed rail, as well as the core of the railways among Iberian peninsula, the fare islands and mainland Europe, most of those great-speed train lines in Europe, excluding Germany, have been built in compliance with European speed, voltage and signaling criteria. In the years following, many German countries have developed thorough great-speed rail networks, including many international cross border links. 745 JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 10, 2020 Paths are being planned and upgraded on a continuous basis to required norms, as the network expands. International ties, including links to Switzerland, Austria and Yugoslavia, are being maintained among Italy and France. These all links provide vast contemporary alpine tunnels. European Union support for high-speed trains Turin-Lyon (€ 25 billion) was authorized in 2015 to link French and Italian systems and link Slovenia. A coalition of European train companies, Railteam, was founded in 2007 to organize and facilitate high-speed cross-border rail travel. The construction of The European Commission has announced its goal as the transport network great-speed rail network most of the transboundary railway lines provide EU funds. In the past fifteen years, high-speed trains in China have risen steadily. thanks to generous support from the Chinese government.
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