Londons EV Infrastructure Taskforce Delivery Plan
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London electric vehicle infrastructure delivery plan Supported by The Mayor’s Electric Vehicle Infrastructure June 2019 Taskforce Contents Mayor’s foreword 4 The delivery plan 4.1 Challenges Executive summary 4.2 Guiding principles 1 Introduction and aims 4.3 Defining what is needed 1.1 Introduction 5 What can we do to make 1.2 Supporting policies this happen? towards zero emission 5.1 Facilitate smoother installation 1.3 What London is already and match supply with demand doing to support EV charging infrastructure 5.2 Reduce energy barriers 1.4 The Mayor’s EV 5.3 Share knowledge and maximise Infrastructure Taskforce potential of legislation 2 The current situation 5.4 Charter of commitments in London Glossary 2.1 Electric vehicles 2.2 Charging infrastructure Appendix A – Detailed modelling assumptions and approach 2.3 User experience Appendix B – Principal author: Zero 3 User needs Carbon Futures 3.1 Understanding charging needs 3.2 Modelling potential demand to 2025 we must move away from petrol and There’s no shying away from the fact diesel cars, and towards electric and that expanding our public charge hydrogen vehicles. Bringing about this points will be challenging. London’s sea change won’t be easy, but with land is always in high demand, our the right political will and ambition I’m streets are often narrow and we have confident we can pull it off. to work with 35 different planning authorities. But we know there is a I’m proud that London is one of real appetite to cut harmful emissions the first major cities in the world and propel London towards a greener to publish a detailed and future. Thanks to our taskforce’s hard independently-assessed climate work, we have tapped into the energy, action plan that outlines how we enthusiasm and expertise of more will comply with the Paris Agreement. than 140 organisations to plan for the A big part of this plan is aiming for all cutting-edge infrastructure London new cars and vans on our roads to be needs. It is a world-leading piece of zero emission from 2030. work that will ensure that London can continue to lead from the front, Mayor’s foreword This is a radical, but necessary step. blazing a trail for others to follow. Car ownership continues to decline in London, but we must do more With so much at stake, we simply London’s air is so dirty and polluted we’re taking action – not only in now to help unleash an electric can’t afford to slip into reverse gear. In it amounts to nothing less than a response to our dangerous air, but also vehicle revolution across our fact, now is the time to really put our serious public health crisis. It breaches to address the climate emergency that city. Through our Electric Vehicle foot down and accelerate our city’s legal limits and blights the lives of threatens the long-term security and Infrastructure Taskforce, the public transition to zero emission vehicles. Londoners, resulting in thousands wellbeing of every Londoner. and private sector have worked This plan will enable us to do just of premature deaths every year side-by-side to expand London’s that. This is crucial because ultimately and causing a range of lethal and The action we’ve already taken public charge points and to make our efforts will mean cleaner air, a debilitating illnesses, including cancer, includes: cleaning up our bus and sure they are well used, in the right greener city and healthier lives for all heart disease and dementia. As an taxi fleets, promoting walking, locations and future-proofed for Londoners, not to mention a better adult I developed asthma, which investing record sums in cycling, and tomorrow’s technology. and more sustainable future for our doctors tell me is likely to be linked encouraging more Londoners to use planet and generations to come. to air pollution. public transport by freezing fares The past year has seen more than and introducing more affordable bus 1,000 new charge points installed But what makes me most angry is tickets. We’re working to a target of at petrol stations, town centres the impact London’s filthy air is 80 per cent of trips to be walking, and retrofitted into street lighting having on the health of our children. cycling or public transport by 2041. columns. Our world-famous cabbies To our shame, in some parts of our now drive more than 1,700 electric city there are children growing-up We’ve also rolled out the world’s taxis and Transport for London runs with stunted lungs and chronic first ever Ultra Low Emission Zone, Europe’s largest electric bus fleet. Sadiq Khan respiratory conditions because of which is the toughest emission We’ve also created a new multi- Mayor of London exposure to poor air quality. This is standard in operation anywhere on million-pound fund to support small simply unacceptable. earth. However, if we aspire to truly businesses, charities and low-income transform the quality of our air – and Londoners switch to cleaner vehicles The task of finding solutions to this preside over a steep and meaningful including electric. scourge is urgent. So, at City Hall, reduction in our carbon emissions – 4 5 of the vehicles and charging much longer to charge a vehicle. Executive summary infrastructure, the behaviour of In both cases, on-street provision drivers is still evolving, making needs to be carefully balanced it challenging to plan for future against concerns about meeting Through this delivery plan, we believe we can infrastructure needs. accessibility needs, and the density of street furniture and traffic on be confident there is a clear way to provide the The London context London’s roads, in line with the right type and amount of charging infrastructure London is recognised as one of 25 Mayor’s Transport Strategy. EV capitals that together are home to serve London’s needs. to around half of all EVs worldwide.3 There has been significant public Sales of EVs, both pure battery electric investment in charge points in London (BEV) and plug-in hybrid (PHEV), in from the origins of London’s first public Background London are growing year on year. In charging network, Source London in 2018, EVs accounted for 2.81 per cent 2011 to the lamppost and freestanding of sales in London – higher than the charge points being installed today The Mayor’s Transport and the UK now plug-in, and one in every UK average of 2.13 per cent.4 via the Go Ultra Low City Scheme.6 Environment Strategies set out a 36 for London. However, barriers Transport for London (TfL) has also clear commitment to zero emission to more widespread uptake remain. EVs in London are supported by a committed to installing 300 rapid road transport, and to a zero carbon Consumer awareness and perception, range of charging infrastructure, chargers by the end of 2020. The city by 2050. This is a priority given range, availability of vehicles and cost ranging from rapid DC chargers, to private sector is investing as well, and the significant impact London’s toxic of vehicles are all factors, but the slow to fast AC chargers.5 The current the commercial case is set to improve air has on health and social justice for availability of charging infrastructure – mix of charging infrastructure helps further, with growing zero emission Londoners. The Mayor has declared real or perceived – is considered to be to accommodate today’s technology fleets of taxis, private hire and other a climate emergency and his ambition the most immediate barrier to tackle and to facilitate different uses. Rapid key user groups. However, initiatives is for every new car or van registered at the city level. The Committee on chargers are costly per unit but offer to remove barriers and improve the in London to be zero emission from Climate Change has recently reported the fastest charge time, whereas slow conditions for accelerating investment 2030, meeting the ambition of the that the expansion of EV charging to fast AC chargers cost considerably are critical to facilitate and speed up Committee on Climate Change and networks and grid capacity is key to less to purchase and install, but take growth in this sector. sooner than the national goal of facilitating growth of EVs.2 2040 as set out in the Government’s Road to Zero.1 To achieve this will Private home (or workplace) charging require a significant shift in mindset, is expected to be preferred for many Figure 1 vehicles and infrastructure, supported car owners across the UK, as well as London’s transition to by legislation. having some particular advantages as zero emissions set out in Road to Zero. This is also the London has a growing electric bus case in London, but there will also be fleet, zero emission-capable taxis and an important role for public charging other electric vehicles (EVs) such as infrastructure, both because of car- private hire and vans already in use owning homes without off-street Private vehicles Buses Taxis on London’s roads, in greater numbers parking, a rising gig economy, and 20,600 165 1,700 than any other UK city. high-mileage vehicles such as taxis and EVs ZE ZEC private hire that will require charging Numbers of EVs are increasing, with throughout the course of a day. Owing one in every 47 new cars registered in to the rapidly changing technology 1 The Road to Zero: Next steps towards cleaner road transport, HM Government, 2018 4 Plug-in EV = Battery electric (BEV) + Plug-in Hybrid (PHEV); vehicle segments include cars, www.gov.uk/government/publications/reducing-emissions-from-road-transport-road-to- motorcycles and LGVs, DfT Statistics, Datasets VEH0130, VEH0131, VEH0150, VEH0260, zero-strategy VEH0354, VEH0454 2 www.theccc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Net-Zero-The-UKs-contribution-to- 5 Rapid DC is defined here as DC50kW+ (CCS + CHAdeMO/Supercharger) or AC 43kW+.