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[ 1962 ] Part 2 Chapter 4 the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

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[ 1962 ] Part 2 Chapter 4 the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 582 THE INTER-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS REGIONAL REPRESENTATIVES Regional Representative of the Director-General for Regional Representative of the Director-General for Asia and the Far East: Ahsan-ud-Din North America: Harold Vogel Regional Representative of the Director-General for Regional Representative of the Director-General for Africa: Gabriel Akim Deko Latin America: Hernán Santa Cruz Regional Representative for Europe: P. L. Yates Regional Representative of the Director-General for Director, FAO Liaison Office with United Nations: the Near East: A. R. Sidky Joseph L. Orr HEADQUARTERS AND REGIONAL OFFICES HEADQUARTERS Food and Agriculture Organization Viale délie Terme di Caracalla Rome, Italy Cable Address: FOODAORI ROME REGIONAL AND OTHER OFFICES FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Far East FAO Regional Office for Latin America (Northern Maliwan Mansion Zone) Phra Attit Road Oficina Regional de la FAO Bangkok, Thailand (Apartado Postal 10778) Hamburgo 63—4° Piso FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Far East Mexico 1, D.F., Mexico (Western Zone) 225 Jor Bagh Regional Office for the Near East New Delhi 3, India (Box 2223) Isis Building, 7 Sharia Lazoghli, Garden City FAO Regional Office for Africa Cairo, United Arab Republic P.O. Box 1628 Accra, Ghana FAO Regional Office for North America FAO Regional Office for Latin America 1325 C Street, S.W. Oficina Regional de la FAO Washington 25, D.C., U.S.A. (Casilla 10095) Cano y Aponte 995 FAO Regional Office for Europe Santiago de Chile Palais des Nations Geneva, Switzerland FAO Regional Office for Latin America (Eastern Zone) FAO Liaison Office with United Nations Escritorio Regional de la FAO United Nations, Room 2258 Rua Jardim Botanico, 1008 42nd Street and First Avenue Rio de Janeiro, Brazil New York 17, N.Y., U.S.A. CHAPTER IV THE UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (UNESCO) A considerable expansion was brought about countries by the end of 1962. Countries joining in the activities of the United Nations Educa- UNESCO during the year were: Mauritania on tional, Scientific and Cultural Organization 11 January; Tanganyika on 7 March; Sierra (UNESCO)1 during 1963, particularly by the 1 For further information, particularly about the twelfth session of the UNESCO General Con- functions and organization of UNESCO, and its ac- tivities prior to 1962, see previous volumes of Y.U.N., ference, which met from November 9 to Decem- reports of UNESCO to the United Nations, and an- ber 12. nual reports of the Director-General to the General UNESCO's membership had risen to 113 Conference. THE UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION 583 Leone on 28 March; Yemen on 2 April; Algeria Three regional conferences of ministers of on 15 October; Mongolia on 1 November; Tri- education were held during 1962: in Santiago, nidad and Tobago on 2 November; Jamaica on Chile, for Latin America; in Paris, France, for 7 November; Rwanda on 7 November; Uganda Africa; and in Tokyo, Japan, for Asia. These on 9 November; and Burundi on 16 November. meetings dealt not only with gaps in national With Professor Paulo de Berredo Carneiro of budgets for meeting educational expenditure but Brazil serving as its President, the Conference also with provision by UNESCO of advisory voted a $39 million budget for 1963-64, as com- and operational functions for many projects in pared to $32.5 million for the two previous the educationally less developed parts of the years. In addition, during the current two-year world. period, UNESCO was to receive an estimated It was noted that in many countries the in- $13.3 million from the United Nations Expand- crease in school-age population had been greater ed Programme of Technical Assistance and ad- than the increased provision for education, ditional sums from the United Nations Special pointing to the inevitable rise in the number of Fund, for which UNESCO acts as executing uneducated, illiterate adults in the years to agency in large-scale projects involving second- come. Assistance to member States for improv- ary and technical education and scientific re- ing their education at all levels continued to be search. In 1962, 26 such projects were carried a fundamental task of UNESCO, involving, on, and commitments were made for 16 more. among other things, expert help for long-term The General Conference elected René Maheu educational planning, an essential need for pro- (France) as Director-General, to replace Dr. moting economic and social development. Vittorino Veronese (Italy), who resigned in Again, in 1962, Africa, with its large number 1961. It modified the composition of UNESCO's of newly independent countries, received the Executive Board, raising its membership from major share of UNESCO's educational budget 24 to 30 to keep pace with the increase in —a little under $600,000 of its regular budget UNESCO's membership. and some $1.7 million of United Nations tech- The General Conference also approved the nical assistance funds. Nearly all of the $1.5 construction of additional office space for million received for Africa from the Special UNESCO in the form of underground facilities Fund during the 1961-62 budget period was de- at a cost of $5,615,000, payable over 11 years voted to laying the foundation for a $7.5 million and to be financed partly from UNESCO's own programme for the eventual creation of some 12 resources and partly from bank loans to be teacher training institutes throughout Africa. guaranteed by the French Government. This activity was supplemented by an emer- The General Conference, in its decisions on gency programme for the development of educa- UNESCO's programme activities, voted to con- tion in Africa, which was created in 1960 and tinue key functions in six fields—education, the for which about $2.2 million had been pledged natural sciences, the social sciences, cultural by the end of 1962. This chiefly covered school activities, mass communication and interna- buildings, text-book production, the supply of tional exchanges—but added new features in- teachers, and basic surveys for educational plan- tended to meet needs that have arisen in mem- ning. It was under this programme that near- ber States. ly 60 secondary, technical and other senior teachers were supplied to Algeria at the request EDUCATION of the new Government. A total of $16.7 million of UNESCO's oper- UNESCO also increased its assistance to ational budget of $45 million during the two- African regional centres concerned with educa- year period ending in 1962 was devoted to the tion, either with the provision of more funds development of education. Of this educational or experts or both. These included: the school budget, $5 million came from the United Na- construction bureau at Khartoum in the Sudan, tions Expanded Programme of Technical Assist- which was seeking practical solutions to the ance and $5.1 million from the United Nations problems of school buildings in Africa, publiciz- Special Fund. ing what could be learned from such pilot build- 584 THE INTER-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ing projects, and providing technical training carried out through the United Nations Relief for African architects and engineers ; a text-book and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the production centre at Yaounde, Cameroon, which Near East (UNRWA). was equipped during 1962 to produce 120-page The UNESCO General Conference in 1962 text-books at the rate of 2,500 per day; and approved the establishment of an International the UNESCO regional education centre at Institute for Educational Planning in Paris, Accra, Ghana. France, and gave UNESCO the task of pre- During 1962, UNESCO, in co-operation with paring a world-wide literacy campaign as a con- the Government of Madagascar, convened two tribution to the United Nations Development conferences at Tananarive. One considered the Decade. development of higher education in Africa, and the other dealt with curricula in secondary NATURAL SCIENCES education, in view of the large number of new In the natural sciences, the UNESCO General African nations developing their own school Conference approved a new preparatory pro- systems. gramme in scientific hydrology which was des- UNESCO's activities in the Congo (Leopold- tined to lead, by 1965, to an "international ville) continued during the year within the hydrologie decade"—a scientific study of prob- framework of the United Nations Operation lems responsible for the world's growing water in the Congo, which also remained chiefly re- shortage. sponsible for the financing of all programmes in During 1962, UNESCO continued to carry the Congo. out its surveys of the world's major seismic A major operation was to help the Congolese zones in order to improve seismological observa- Government in its recruitment of teachers from tory networks and standards of earthquake-proof overseas. Towards the end of the year, more construction. Following the disastrous earth- than 400 of the 500 sought had arrived. quake in Iran in September 1962, UNESCO UNESCO also increased its technical assistance sent an emergency scientific mission to the in the form of experts, nearly 80 of whom were stricken area. in service in the Congo during 1962, over half The UNESCO-sponsored Inter-Governmental of them in the Central and Provincial Ministries Océanographie Commission took over full re- of Education and in the National Pedagogical sponsibility in 1962 for co-ordinating the Inter- Institute. A plan for travelling teams of experts national Indian Ocean Expedition, involving to run refresher, in-service training courses for the participation of 40 ships and 20 nations. primary school teachers was also put into effect The Commission also approved a co-operative towards the end of the year, with two teams in investigation of the tropical Atlantic, to be the field.
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