Linaceae – Flax Family

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

LINACEAE – FLAX FAMILY Plant: mostly herbs, a few shrubs and trees Stem: Root: Leaves: mostly simple, alternate or opposite, usually spiraled, sessile; stipules present, usually small Flowers: perfect; usually in cymes, 5 sepals, 5 petals, cyclic, petals often clawed; 5-10-15 stamens; ovary superior Fruit: a schizocarp, drupe, nut, or capsule, may be fleshy or not Other: ; Dicotyledons Group Genera: 8+ genera; locally Linum WARNING – family descriptions are only a layman’s guide and should not be used as definitive LINACEAE – FLAX FAMILY Lewis [Western Blue] Flax; Linum lewisii Pursh Grooved Flax; Linum sulcatum Riddell Common [Blue-Flowered] Flax [Linseed]; Linum usitatissimum L. (Introduced) Lewis [Western USDA Blue] Flax Linum lewisii Pursh Linaceae (Flax Family) Near Fraser, Grand County, Colorado Notes: 5-petaled flower, blue, sepals pointed; leaves alternate, linear, usually many stems together; dry plains to montane conditions; late spring to fall [V Max Brown, 2012] Grooved Flax USDA Linum sulcatum Riddell Linaceae (Flax Family) Busiek State Forest and Wildlife Area, Christian County, Missouri Notes: 5-petaled flower, yellow (usually less than 1 cm), sepals pointed, fruiting stalks up to 1 cm; leaves alternate, narrowly lanceolate to linear, with 2 small black glands at base of leaf; late spring to early fall [V Max Brown, 2010] Common [Blue-Flowered] USDA Flax [Linseed] Linum usitatissimum L. (Introduced) Linaceae (Flax Family) Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield, Greene County, Missouri Notes: 5-petaled flower, blue, sepals pointed and without glands; leaves alternate, linear, usually many stems together; spring to summer to early fall [V Max Brown, 2010].

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................1 CREATING A WILDLIFE FRIENDLY YARD ......................................................................2 With Plant Variety Comes Wildlife Diversity...............................................................2 Existing Yards....................................................................................................2 Native Plants ......................................................................................................3 Why Choose Organic Fertilizers?......................................................................3 Butterfly Gardens...............................................................................................3 Fall Flower Garden Maintenance.......................................................................3 Water Availability..............................................................................................4 Bird Feeders...................................................................................................................4 Provide Grit to Assist with Digestion ................................................................5 Unwelcome Visitors at Your Feeders? ..............................................................5 Attracting Hummingbirds ..................................................................................5 Cleaning Bird Feeders........................................................................................6
[Show full text]
FLORA from FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE of MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2
ISSN: 2601 – 6141, ISSN-L: 2601 – 6141 Acta Biologica Marisiensis 2018, 1(1): 60-70 ORIGINAL PAPER FLORA FROM FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2 1Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Romania 2Mureş County Museum, Department of Natural Sciences, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania *Correspondence: Silvia OROIAN [email protected] Received: 2 July 2018; Accepted: 9 July 2018; Published: 15 July 2018 Abstract The aim of this study was to identify a potential source of medicinal plant from Transylvanian Plain. Also, the paper provides information about the hayfields floral richness, a great scientific value for Romania and Europe. The study of the flora was carried out in several stages: 2005-2008, 2013, 2017-2018. In the studied area, 397 taxa were identified, distributed in 82 families with therapeutic potential, represented by 164 medical taxa, 37 of them being in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.5. The study reveals that most plants contain: volatile oils (13.41%), tannins (12.19%), flavonoids (9.75%), mucilages (8.53%) etc. This plants can be used in the treatment of various human disorders: disorders of the digestive system, respiratory system, skin disorders, muscular and skeletal systems, genitourinary system, in gynaecological disorders, cardiovascular, and central nervous sistem disorders. In the study plants protected by law at European and national level were identified: Echium maculatum, Cephalaria radiata, Crambe tataria, Narcissus poeticus ssp. radiiflorus, Salvia nutans, Iris aphylla, Orchis morio, Orchis tridentata, Adonis vernalis, Dictamnus albus, Hammarbya paludosa etc. Keywords: Fărăgău, medicinal plants, human disease, Mureş County 1.
[Show full text]
Pollen Flora of Pakistan -Lxi. Violaceae
Pak. J. Bot., 41(1): 1-5, 2009. POLLEN FLORA OF PAKISTAN -LXI. VIOLACEAE ANJUM PERVEEN AND MUHAMMAD QAISER* Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan *Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan. Abstract Pollen morphology of 5 species of the family Violaceae from Pakistan has been examined by light and scanning electron microscope. Pollen grains are usually radially symmetrical, isopolar, colporate, sub-prolate to prolate-spheroidal. Sexine slightly thicker or thinner than nexine. Tectum mostly densely punctate rarely psilate. On the basis of exine pattern two distinct pollen types viz., Viola pilosa–type and Viola stocksii-type are recognized. Introduction Violaceae is a family with 20 genera and about 800 species (Mabberley, 1987). In Pakistan it is represented by one genus and 17 species (Qaiser & Omer, 1985). Plant perennial herbs, or shrubs leaves simple, alternate rarely opposite, flowers bisexual, zygomorphic or actinomorphic, calyx 5, corolla of 5 petals, anterior petal large and spurred. Androecium of 5 stamens. Gynoecium a compound pistil of 3 united carpels, ovules superior, fruit capsule. The family is of little economic importance except for the garden favorite, Violets, Violas and Pansies. Pollen morphology of the family has been examined by Erdtman (1952), Lobreau- Callen (1977), Moore & Webb (1978) and Dojas et al., (1993). Moore et al., (1991) examined pollen morphology of the genus Viola. Kubitzki (2004) examined the pollen morphology of the family Violaceae. There are no reports on pollen morphology of the family Violaceae from Pakistan. Present investigations are based on the pollen morphology of 5 species representing a single genus of the family Violaceae by light and scanning electron microscope.
[Show full text]
Linum Lewisii (Lewis's Blue Flax) (Pdf)
Linum lewisii Lewis’s Blue Flax by Kathy Lloyd Montana Native Plant Society Photo: Drake Barton Linum lewisii (Lewis’s Blue Flax) ewis’s blue flax, Linum lewisii, was col- wether Lewis by Frederick Pursh, who described the lected on July 9, 1806 in Montana. It is plant in his 1814 Flora Americae Septentrionalis or not known for certain who collected the Flora of North America. Pursh attached a label to specimen that is housed in the Lewis & the specimen that reads, “Perennial Flax. Valleys of LClark Her barium in Philadelphia. It could have been the Rocky mountains. July 9th 1806.” This Lewis Meriwether Lewis, who was traveling along the Sun and Clark specimen is one of a group that was feared River from Lewis & Clark County into Cascade lost but was fortunately relocated in 1896 at the County, or William Clark, who was at Camp Fortu- American Philosophical Society and subsequently nate in Beaverhead County. Lewis’s journal entry placed on permanent loan to the Academy of Natural for the day says nothing of blue flax, but does talk Sciences. about the rain and cold, “we then proceeded and it Another sheet of Lewis’s blue flax is currently part rained without intermission wet us to the skin…the of the Lewis & Clark Herbarium, but present-day day continuing rainy and cold…” The preserved botanists question its authenticity as a Lewis and specimen in the Lewis & Clark Herbarium appears Clark collection. James Reveal, a preeminent bota- to be in good shape and has a partially opened nist at the University of Maryland, believes the flower.
[Show full text]
Evolutionary History of Floral Key Innovations in Angiosperms Elisabeth Reyes
Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms Elisabeth Reyes To cite this version: Elisabeth Reyes. Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms. Botanics. Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), 2016. English. NNT : 2016SACLS489. tel-01443353 HAL Id: tel-01443353 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01443353 Submitted on 23 Jan 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. NNT : 2016SACLS489 THESE DE DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE PARIS-SACLAY, préparée à l’Université Paris-Sud ÉCOLE DOCTORALE N° 567 Sciences du Végétal : du Gène à l’Ecosystème Spécialité de Doctorat : Biologie Par Mme Elisabeth Reyes Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms Thèse présentée et soutenue à Orsay, le 13 décembre 2016 : Composition du Jury : M. Ronse de Craene, Louis Directeur de recherche aux Jardins Rapporteur Botaniques Royaux d’Édimbourg M. Forest, Félix Directeur de recherche aux Jardins Rapporteur Botaniques Royaux de Kew Mme. Damerval, Catherine Directrice de recherche au Moulon Président du jury M. Lowry, Porter Curateur en chef aux Jardins Examinateur Botaniques du Missouri M. Haevermans, Thomas Maître de conférences au MNHN Examinateur Mme. Nadot, Sophie Professeur à l’Université Paris-Sud Directeur de thèse M.
[Show full text]
Rigid Flax Linum Medium (Planch.) Britt
Rigid Flax Linum medium (Planch.) Britt. var. texanum (Planch.) Fern State Status: Threatened Federal Status: None Description: Rigid Flax is a perennial herb of the flax family (Linaceae), with yellow five-petaled flowers borne on stiff, ascending branches. Plants grow 2 to 7 dm (~8– 28 in.) in height. The flower petals are 4 to 8 mm long. The styles are distinct (i.e., not united at the base). The sepals are imbricate, and the inner ones have teeth with bulbous glandular tips along their edges. Leaves are entire, lance-shaped, and up to 2.5 cm (1 in.) long with the largest leaves towards the base of the plant. The upper leaves are alternate and usually have pointed tips, while those of the lowest nodes are opposite and blunt tipped. The sepals persist long after the petals have withered and subtend the small (2 mm), dry seed capsules. The species is most often found growing in barren, disturbed areas on sterile soil. Aids to identification: • Plants with stiffly ascending branches • Densely leaved with 30 to 70 leaves below the inflorescence • Lowest leaves opposite; upper leaves alternate • Seed capsules more-or-less spherical with a flattened top • Inner sepals with glandular teeth • Most easily identified when fruit are present Similar species: Four yellow-flowered Linum species that might be mistaken for Rigid Flax occur in Massachusetts. Grooved Yellow Flax (L. sulcatum var. sulcatum) differs from the other three in that it is an annual and its styles are united at the base. Woodland Yellow Flax (L. virginianum) and Panicled Yellow Flax (L.
[Show full text]
Vascular Plants and a Brief History of the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands
United States Department of Agriculture Vascular Plants and a Brief Forest Service Rocky Mountain History of the Kiowa and Rita Research Station General Technical Report Blanca National Grasslands RMRS-GTR-233 December 2009 Donald L. Hazlett, Michael H. Schiebout, and Paulette L. Ford Hazlett, Donald L.; Schiebout, Michael H.; and Ford, Paulette L. 2009. Vascular plants and a brief history of the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS- GTR-233. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 44 p. Abstract Administered by the USDA Forest Service, the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands occupy 230,000 acres of public land extending from northeastern New Mexico into the panhandles of Oklahoma and Texas. A mosaic of topographic features including canyons, plateaus, rolling grasslands and outcrops supports a diverse flora. Eight hundred twenty six (826) species of vascular plant species representing 81 plant families are known to occur on or near these public lands. This report includes a history of the area; ethnobotanical information; an introductory overview of the area including its climate, geology, vegetation, habitats, fauna, and ecological history; and a plant survey and information about the rare, poisonous, and exotic species from the area. A vascular plant checklist of 816 vascular plant taxa in the appendix includes scientific and common names, habitat types, and general distribution data for each species. This list is based on extensive plant collections and available herbarium collections. Authors Donald L. Hazlett is an ethnobotanist, Director of New World Plants and People consulting, and a research associate at the Denver Botanic Gardens, Denver, CO.
[Show full text]
Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species Account MARIN DWARF-FLAX Hesperolinon congestum CLASSIFICATION: Threatened Federal Register Notice 60:6671; February 3, 1995 http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/federal_register/fr2779.pdf (125 KB) This species was listed as endangered by the California Department of Fish and Game in June 1992 under the name Marin western flax. The California Native Plant Society has placed it on List 1B (rare or endangered throughout its range), also under the alternate name. CRITICAL HABITAT: Not designated RECOVERY PLAN: Final Recovery Plan for Serpentine Soil Species of the San Francisco Bay Area; September 30, 1998. http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery_plan/980930c_v2.pdf (22 MB) Marin Dwarf-Flax © 1997 Doreen L. Smith 5-YEAR REVIEW: Started March 25, 2009 http://www.fws.gov/policy/library/E8-4258.html DESCRIPTION Marin dwarf-flax, ( Hesperolinon congestum ), also known as Marin western flax, is a herbaceous annual of the flax family (Linaceae). It has slender, threadlike stems, 10-40 cm (4-16 inches) tall. The leaves are linear. Flowers bloom from May to July. They are borne in congested clusters. Pedicels are 1 to 8 mm (0.04 to 3.2 inches) long . Sepals are hairy and the five petals are rose to whitish. Anthers are deep pink to purple. This helps distinguish Marin dwarf-flax from California dwarf-flax ( H. californicum ), found in the same geographic area, which has white to rose anthers, as well as hairless sepals. Two other species that are found in the same region are small- flower dwarf-flax ( H.
[Show full text]
LINACEAE 1. REINWARDTIA Dumortier, Commentat. Bot. 19
LINACEAE 亚麻科 ya ma ke Liu Quanru (刘全儒)1; Lihua Zhou (周丽华)2 Herbs or shrubs. Stipules small or absent. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple; leaf blade margin entire. Inflorescences cymes or racemes. Flowers bisexual, regular. Sepals (4 or)5, distinct or basally connate, imbricate, persistent. Petals as many as and alternate with sepals, distinct or basally connate, convolute, basally often clawed, with 2–5 extrastaminal nectary glands or a disk. Stamens (4 or)5 or 10(or 15), in 1 whorl, alternate or opposite sepals, often some reduced to staminodes; filament bases connate into a tube. Ovary superior, with 2–5 carpels or seemingly 4–10-loculed by intrusion of a false septum, with 1 or 2 ovules per locule, placentation axile; styles as many as carpels, filiform, distinct or basally connate; stigmas subcapitate. Fruit usually a septicidal capsule or a drupe. Seeds with straight oily embryo and thin endosperm. Fourteen genera and ca. 250 species: worldwide but mostly in temperate regions; four genera and 14 species (one introduced) in China. Huang Chengchiu, Huang Baoxian & Xu Langran. 1998. Linaceae. In: Xu Langran & Huang Chengchiu, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 43(1): 93–108. 1a. Shrubs or small trees. 2a. Petals yellow; ovary 6(–8)-loculed by intrusion of a false septa; styles 3(or 4); capsule splitting into 6(–8) mericarps ................................................................................................................................................................ 1. Reinwardtia 2b. Petals white; ovary 4- or 5-loculed; styles 4 or 5; capsule 4- or 5-valvate ................................................................. 2. Tirpitzia 1b. Herbs. 3a. Leaves sessile; leaf blade linear to lanceolate, 1- or 3-veined from base; petals usually blue, rarely white or yellow; styles 5; capsule with 10 1-seeded mericarps .................................................................................................................
[Show full text]
Herbivory Across Vascular Plants Macroecological And
Downloaded from rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org on May 30, 2014 Macroecological and macroevolutionary patterns of leaf herbivory across vascular plants Martin M. Turcotte, T. Jonathan Davies, Christina J. M. Thomsen and Marc T. J. Johnson Proc. R. Soc. B 2014 281, 20140555, published 28 May 2014 Supplementary data "Data Supplement" http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/suppl/2014/05/27/rspb.2014.0555.DC1.h tml References This article cites 51 articles, 18 of which can be accessed free http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/281/1787/20140555.full.html#ref-list-1 Subject collections Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections ecology (1660 articles) evolution (1777 articles) Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article - sign up in the box at the top Email alerting service right-hand corner of the article or click here To subscribe to Proc. R. Soc. B go to: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/subscriptions Downloaded from rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org on May 30, 2014 Macroecological and macroevolutionary patterns of leaf herbivory across vascular plants 1 2 1,3 rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org Martin M. Turcotte , T. Jonathan Davies , Christina J. M. Thomsen and Marc T. J. Johnson1 1Department of Biology, University of Toronto-Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L5L 1C6 2Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1 3 Research Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5 The consumption of plants by animals underlies important evolutionary and Cite this article: Turcotte MM, Davies TJ, ecological processes in nature. Arthropod herbivory evolved approximately Thomsen CJM, Johnson MTJ. 2014 415 Ma and the ensuing coevolution between plants and herbivores is cred- Macroecological and macroevolutionary ited with generating much of the macroscopic diversity on the Earth.
[Show full text]
Flora-Lab-Manual.Pdf
LabLab MManualanual ttoo tthehe Jane Mygatt Juliana Medeiros Flora of New Mexico Lab Manual to the Flora of New Mexico Jane Mygatt Juliana Medeiros University of New Mexico Herbarium Museum of Southwestern Biology MSC03 2020 1 University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, USA 87131-0001 October 2009 Contents page Introduction VI Acknowledgments VI Seed Plant Phylogeny 1 Timeline for the Evolution of Seed Plants 2 Non-ﬂ owering Seed Plants 3 Order Gnetales Ephedraceae 4 Order (ungrouped) The Conifers Cupressaceae 5 Pinaceae 8 Field Trips 13 Sandia Crest 14 Las Huertas Canyon 20 Sevilleta 24 West Mesa 30 Rio Grande Bosque 34 Flowering Seed Plants- The Monocots 40 Order Alistmatales Lemnaceae 41 Order Asparagales Iridaceae 42 Orchidaceae 43 Order Commelinales Commelinaceae 45 Order Liliales Liliaceae 46 Order Poales Cyperaceae 47 Juncaceae 49 Poaceae 50 Typhaceae 53 Flowering Seed Plants- The Eudicots 54 Order (ungrouped) Nymphaeaceae 55 Order Proteales Platanaceae 56 Order Ranunculales Berberidaceae 57 Papaveraceae 58 Ranunculaceae 59 III page Core Eudicots 61 Saxifragales Crassulaceae 62 Saxifragaceae 63 Rosids Order Zygophyllales Zygophyllaceae 64 Rosid I Order Cucurbitales Cucurbitaceae 65 Order Fabales Fabaceae 66 Order Fagales Betulaceae 69 Fagaceae 70 Juglandaceae 71 Order Malpighiales Euphorbiaceae 72 Linaceae 73 Salicaceae 74 Violaceae 75 Order Rosales Elaeagnaceae 76 Rosaceae 77 Ulmaceae 81 Rosid II Order Brassicales Brassicaceae 82 Capparaceae 84 Order Geraniales Geraniaceae 85 Order Malvales Malvaceae 86 Order Myrtales Onagraceae
[Show full text]
Linum Flos-Carmini (Linaceae), a New Species from Northern Morocco Author(S): José Ruiz-Martín, Pedro Jiménez-Mejías, Juan M
Linum flos-carmini (Linaceae), a New Species from Northern Morocco Author(s): José Ruiz-Martín, Pedro Jiménez-Mejías, Juan M. Martínez-Labarga & Rocio Pérez-Barrales Source: Annales Botanici Fennici, 52(5–6):383-395. Published By: Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5735/085.052.0521 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.5735/085.052.0521 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/ terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Ann. Bot. Fennici 52: 383–395 ISSN 0003-3847 (print) ISSN 1797-2442 (online) Helsinki 8 October 2015 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2015 Linum flos-carmini (Linaceae), a new species from northern Morocco José Ruiz-Martín1, Pedro Jiménez-Mejías2,3, Juan M. Martínez-Labarga2,4 & Rocio Pérez-Barrales1,5,* 1) Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, ES-41012 Sevilla, Spain 2) Departamento de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, ES-28014 Madrid, Spain 3) School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, P.O.
[Show full text]