Status Update of Human Exploration Within the United States
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Status Update of Human Exploration Within the United States Revision A 15 October 2005 Mr. A.C. Charania Senior Futurist SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) Note: Observations are only current as of presentation date. This presentation is only provided for educational purposes. All images are copyright of their respective owners. SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 1 Vision for Space Exploration SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 2 Sun, Mercury, Venus Sun-Earth L1 , L2 High Earth Orbit Earth-Moon L1, L2 Earth Low Earth Orbit Moon Earth’s Neighborhood Accessible Planetary Surfaces Mars and Asteroids Outer Planets and beyond Base Image source: Gary L. Martin, Space Architect, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, “NASA’s Strategy for Human and Robotic Exploration”, June 10, 2003 Destinations: Transportation Links and Infrastructure Segments SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 3 THE FUNDAMENTAL GOAL OF THIS VISION IS TO ADVANCE U.S. SCIENTIFIC, SECURITY, AND ECONOMIC INTEREST THROUGH A ROBUST SPACE EXPLORATION PROGRAM Implement a sustained and affordable human and robotic program to explore the solar system and beyond Extend human presence across the solar system, starting with a human return to the Moon by the year 2020, in preparation for human exploration of Mars and other destinations; Develop the innovative technologies, knowledge, and infrastructures both to explore and to support decisions about the destinations for human exploration; and Promote international and commercial participation in exploration to further U.S. scientific, security, and economic interests. National Vision for Space Exploration (VSE) SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 4 Vision for Space Exploration (VSE) Outline-UNDER REVISION SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 5 Building Blocks of the Vision-UNDER REVISION SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 6 The ESAS is a 90-day study that examined many of the larger questions associated with the Vision for Space Exploration (VSE) - From NASA HQ’s Office of Program Analysis and Evaluation - Provide the analytical support for a number of key near-term decisions for NASA, the White House, and Congress Some of the topics the ESAS is reviewing include the requirements for returning to the Moon and extending human exploration to Mars, as well as possibilities for accelerating the development of the Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) This team completed its main work in late Summer 2005 and will start presenting findings to the public Focus areas - Complete assessment of the top-level Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) requirements and plans to enable the CEV to provide crew transport to the ISS and to accelerate the development of the CEV and crew launch system to reduce the gap between Shuttle retirement and CEV IOC. - Definition of top-level requirements and configurations for crew and cargo launch systems to support the lunar and Mars exploration programs. - Development of a reference lunar exploration architecture concept to support sustained human and robotic lunar exploration operations. - Identification of key technologies required to enable and significantly enhance these reference exploration systems and reprioritization of near-term and far-term technology investments. THE REVISION - NASA HQ Exploration Systems Architecture Study (ESAS) SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 7 The International Space Station (ISS) And Its Future SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 8 The Current International Space Station (ISS) SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 9 15 Elements on Orbit About 50% of ISS Configuration 9 at KSC for Launch P3/P4 Truss S6 Truss P5 Truss Node 2 S3/S4 Truss JEM-PS (Pressurized Section) Cupola 9 in Progress European Columbus Lab (Development Complete) Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator - Canada hand (Development Complete) Centrifuge Accommodation Module (CAM) Node 3 JEM – EF & ES (Exposed Facility) JEM – ES (Exposed Section) Russian Science Power Module (SPM) Russian Research Module -1 Russian Multipurpose Laboratory Module (MLM) Source: International Space Station, Introduction and ISS Familiarization, Caris “Skip” Hatfield, Manager, Program Integration Office, April 25, 2005 ISS: Now and to Core Complete (33 Major Elements to Completion) SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 10 Source: International Space Station, Introduction and ISS Familiarization, Caris “Skip” Hatfield, Manager, Program Integration Office, April 25, 2005 ISS Elements: NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Space Station Processing Facility (SSPF) SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 11 Consolidated Launch Manifest Assembly Launch Space Shuttle Flights and ISS Assembly Sequence Date Flight Vehicle Element(s) Under review ULF2 U.S. Orbiter Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) •Utilization and Logistics Flight Assembly Launch •Crew Rotation Date Flight Vehicle Element(s) Under review ATV1 European Automated Transfer Vehicle No earlier than ULF1.1 Discovery Return to Flight March 2006 STS-121 test mission Under review 1E U.S. Orbiter European Laboratory - Columbus Module •Utilization and Under review UF-3 U.S. Orbiter Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) Logistics Flight •Crew Rotation Under review 12A U.S. Orbiter Second port truss Under review UF-4 U.S. Orbiter Spacelab Pallet carrying "Canada Hand" STS-115 segment (ITS (Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator) P3/P4) •Extended Duration Orbiter Pallet •Solar array set and batteries Under review UF-5 U.S. Orbiter Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) •Crew Rotation Under review 12A.1 U.S. Orbiter Third port truss Under review UF-4.1 U.S. Orbiter EXPRESS Pallet STS-116 segment (ITS P5) •S3 Attached P/L •SPACEHAB single cargo Under review UF-6 U.S. Orbiter Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) module •Crew Rotation •Logistics and Supplies Under review 1J/A U.S. Orbiter Japanese Experiment Module Experiment Logistics Module (JEM ELM PS) Under review 13A U.S. Orbiter Second starboard •EXPRESS Pallet STS-117 truss segment (ITS S3/S4) Under review 1J U.S. Orbiter Kibo Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) •Solar array set •Japanese Remote Manipulator System (JEM RMS) and batteries Under review ULF3 U.S. Orbiter Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) Under review 13A.1 U.S. Orbiter SPACEHAB •Utilization and Logistics Flight STS-118 Single Cargo •Crew Rotation Module •Third starboard November 2006 3R Russian Universal Docking Module (UDM) truss segment Soyuz (ITS S5) Under review 9A.1 U.S. Orbiter Science Power Platform (SPP) solar •Logistics and arrays with truss Supplies •Multi Purpose Module (MTsM) Under review 15A U.S. Orbiter Fourth starboard Under review UF-7 U.S. Orbiter Centrifuge Accommodation Module STS-119 truss segment (CAM) (ITS S6) •Crew Rotation •Solar Array set Under review 2J/A U.S. Orbiter Japanese Experiment Module Exposed and Batteries Facility (JEM EF) •Japanese Experiment Logistics Module - Under review 10A U.S. Orbiter U.S. Node 2 Exposed Section (ELM-ES) STS-120 •Additional Science Power Platform (SPP) solar arrays ISS U.S. Core Complete after 10A Under review ULF5 U.S. Orbiter Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) •Utilization and Logistics Flight •Crew Rotation Note: Additional Progress, Soyuz, H-II Transfer Vehicle and Automated Transfer Vehicle flights for crew transport, logistics and resupply are not listed. Under review HTV-1 U.S. Orbiter Japanese H-II Transfer Vehicle Source: http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/future/, 26 September 2005 Under review 14A U.S. Orbiter Cupola •EXPRESS Pallet •Extended Duration Orbiter Pallet Notes: Additional Progress, Soyuz, H-II Transfer Vehicle and Automated Transfer Vehicle flights for crew transport, Current ISS Launch Manifest logistics and resupply are not listed. SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc. (SEI) www.sei.aero 12 “The loss of the Space Shuttle Columbia has made us acutely aware that one of the major impediments in fully utilizing the Space Station's capabilities is that we need a more robust logistics capability for crew and cargo than the United States or our international partners have readily available or on the drawing board. For this reason, we plan to leverage our nation's commercial space industry to meet NASA's needs for ISS cargo logistics and possibly crew support.” (Source: Opening Statement by Michael Griffin at a House Science Committee Hearing on The Future of NASA, Tuesday, June 28, 2005) Possible reduction of total Shuttle flights before 2010 from 23-30 flights to 10-18 NASA and other USG agencies addressing Iran Nonproliferation Act (INA) of 2000 Additional commercial purchases for ISS support - For crew transport, logistics, and resupply - Beyond Progress, Soyuz, Japanese H-II Transfer Vehicle, and European Automated Transfer Vehicles NASA is also currently examining alternative configurations for the ISS - May 2005, NASA initiated the Shuttle/Station Configuration Options Team (SSCOT) - This team is conducting a 60-day study of the configuration options for the ISS and assessing the related number of flights needed by the Space Shuttle before it retires no later than the year 2010 - Scope include ISS assembly, operations, and use and considers such factors as international partner commitments, research utilization, cost, and ISS sustainability. - This team is expected to complete its work in June/July, with those results integrated into the ongoing Exploration Systems Architecture Study (ESAS) International Space Station (ISS) Support After 2010 SpaceWorks Engineering, Inc.