DOCSLIB.ORG

Epic Inversion in Apuleius' Tale of Tlepolemus/Haemus*

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Mnemosyne, Vol. XLV, Fasc. 1 (1992) EPIC INVERSION IN APULEIUS' TALE OF TLEPOLEMUS/HAEMUS* BY S.A. FRANGOULIDIS Scholars agree on the essentially epic flavor of the tale of Tlepolemus/Haemus at Met. 7.4-13/156.19-162.14, but differ widely about its correspondence with a specific episode from epic1). A. van Kemphen considers the tale of Tlepolemus an imitatio cum variatione of V ergil' s description of the capture of Troy by the Greeks2). E.D. Finkelpearl, in a slightly more expanded way, establishes a relationship with the Sinon episode in the Aeneid on the • The text of the Metamorphoses is quoted from the Teubner edition of R. Helm, Apulei Platonici Madaurensis opera quae supersunt. Metamorphoseon libri XI (Leipzig 1968). The text of the Odyssey is from the OCT edition ofT.W. Allen, Homeri opera (Oxford 1974). References to the Aeneid are to the OCT edition of R.A.B. Mynors, P. Vergili Maronis opera (Oxford 1969). 1) The epic allusions in the tale of Tlepolemus/Haemus have been regularly noted by scholars and commentators. See, for instance, F. Gatscha, Quaestionum Apuleianarum capita tria. Dissertationes philologicae Vindobonenses VI (Vienna 1898), 147; B.L. Hijmansjr. et al., Apuleius Madaurensis Metamorphoses Books VI 25-32 and VII. Text, Introduction and Commentary (Groningen 1981), to whose commentary, also collectively identified as Groningen commentators, I am greatly indebted throughout. 2) A. van Kemphcn, Apuleius Madaurensis Metamorphoses Books VI 24-32 and VII. Text, Introduction and Commentary. Appendix II (Groningen 1981 ), 280. The entire discussion of van Kemphen runs as follows: "(1) The Greeks build a horse as high as a mountain: A.2, 15 instar montis equum ... aedificant. Tlepolemus tells the rob­ bers that his name is Haemus, a doubly significant name (not only meaning "bloody", but also the name of a well-known mountain: see Hijmans in AAGA [i.e. Aspects of Apuleius' Golden Ass. see note 10 below for an identification of this reference]1978, 115. (2) The Trojans, after bringing the horse within the walls, have started drinking: A. 2, 265 urbem somno vinoque sepultam. The robbers allow themselves to be made drunk after taking in Haemus. (3) The Trojans will die at the hands of the Greeks who come into the city later. A. 2.333 statferri acies mucrone corusco/stricta, parata neci. The robbers, parati morti, die at the hands of Tlepolemus and his helpers. It is not impossible, therefore, that Charite's recapture constitutes an imitatio cum variatione of Vergil's description of the capture of Troy." EPIC INVERSION IN APULEIUS 61 basis of situational parallels with Vergil's treatment3 ). What has not been properly assessed, however, is that the scenery of the cave, the emphasis on Tlepolemus' cleverness and trickery which sug­ gested a Vergilian comparison, and the strategy of the execution of the robbers' band may point to a comparison with Homer's des­ cription of Odysseus' punishment of the Cyclops and his safe exit from the cave. Further, the Homeric hero employed wine in his plan to blind Polyphemus and, thereby, achieve a safe escape for himself and his companions from the monster's cave. This pattern, to a great extent, is developed in the tale as Tlepolemus, disguised as Haemus, enters into a company of thieves. In order to punish the band, he drugs them with wine and, thereby, rescues his kid­ napped Charite from captivity in the bandits' cave. The apparent contradiction which is caused by the description of the young man-once in terms reminiscent of Homer's giant, Polyphemus and later of Odysseus-should hardly be surprising in view of his double identity as the famous Thracian brigand, Haemus, and as the bridegroom, Tlepolemus. But the invocation of epic material from Homer's Cyclopeia (Hom. Od. 9.9-566) in the lowly and unheroic setting of otherwise common criminals may shed some light on the playful intentions of Apuleius' epic adaptation4 ). It is my purpose, therefore, in this paper to examine more closely this sophisticated aspect of Apuleius' literary imitation in the tale of Tlepolemus' masquerade as the famous brigand, Haemus (Met. 3) E.D. Finkelpearl, The Metamorphosis of Language in Apuleius' Metamorphoses, Ph.D. Diss. (Cambridge, Mass. 1986), 127-130, relates (1) Apuleius Met. 7.5/158.12-15: patre Therone aeque latrone inclito prognatus, humano sanguine nutritus interque ipsos manipulos factionis educatus heres et aemulus virtutis paternae with V ergil A en. 2. 86-8 7: illi me com item et consanguinitate propinquum/pauper in arma pater prim is hue misit ab annis. (2) Apuleius Met. 7.61159.16: sibi quisque metuentes delitiscebant with Vergil Aen. 2.130-31: adsensere omnes et, quae sibi quisque timebat,lunius in miseri exitium conversa tulere. (3) Apuleius Met. 7.12/163.16-17: omnes vino sepulti iacebant with Vergil Aen. 2.265: invadunt urbem somno vinoque sepultam, thus considering the two episodes as verbally and situationally alike. 4) See also the prefatory remarks in Hijmans et at. (note 1 above), 111-112. An excellent theoretical survey of ancient and modern perspectives on the humor that arises from the literary imitation of the serious epic, and on the overall limitations of Homeric comedy is found in: R.B. Branham, Unruly Eloquence. Lucian and the Comedy of Traditions (Cambridge, Mass. 1989), 127-177. .
Recommended publications
  • Studies in Early Mediterranean Poetics and Cosmology

    Studies in Early Mediterranean Poetics and Cosmology

    The Ruins of Paradise: Studies in Early Mediterranean Poetics and Cosmology by Matthew M. Newman A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Classical Studies) in the University of Michigan 2015 Doctoral Committee: Professor Richard Janko, Chair Professor Sara L. Ahbel-Rappe Professor Gary M. Beckman Associate Professor Benjamin W. Fortson Professor Ruth S. Scodel Bind us in time, O Seasons clear, and awe. O minstrel galleons of Carib fire, Bequeath us to no earthly shore until Is answered in the vortex of our grave The seal’s wide spindrift gaze toward paradise. (from Hart Crane’s Voyages, II) For Mom and Dad ii Acknowledgments I fear that what follows this preface will appear quite like one of the disorderly monsters it investigates. But should you find anything in this work compelling on account of its being lucid, know that I am not responsible. Not long ago, you see, I was brought up on charges of obscurantisme, although the only “terroristic” aspects of it were self- directed—“Vous avez mal compris; vous êtes idiot.”1 But I’ve been rehabilitated, or perhaps, like Aphrodite in Iliad 5 (if you buy my reading), habilitated for the first time, to the joys of clearer prose. My committee is responsible for this, especially my chair Richard Janko and he who first intervened, Benjamin Fortson. I thank them. If something in here should appear refined, again this is likely owing to the good taste of my committee. And if something should appear peculiarly sensitive, empathic even, then it was the humanity of my committee that enabled, or at least amplified, this, too.
  • The Iliad of Homer by Homer

    The Iliad of Homer by Homer

    The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Iliad of Homer by Homer This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: The Iliad of Homer Author: Homer Release Date: September 2006 [Ebook 6130] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ILIAD OF HOMER*** The Iliad of Homer Translated by Alexander Pope, with notes by the Rev. Theodore Alois Buckley, M.A., F.S.A. and Flaxman's Designs. 1899 Contents INTRODUCTION. ix POPE'S PREFACE TO THE ILIAD OF HOMER . xlv BOOK I. .3 BOOK II. 41 BOOK III. 85 BOOK IV. 111 BOOK V. 137 BOOK VI. 181 BOOK VII. 209 BOOK VIII. 233 BOOK IX. 261 BOOK X. 295 BOOK XI. 319 BOOK XII. 355 BOOK XIII. 377 BOOK XIV. 415 BOOK XV. 441 BOOK XVI. 473 BOOK XVII. 513 BOOK XVIII. 545 BOOK XIX. 575 BOOK XX. 593 BOOK XXI. 615 BOOK XXII. 641 BOOK XXIII. 667 BOOK XXIV. 707 CONCLUDING NOTE. 747 Illustrations HOMER INVOKING THE MUSE. .6 MARS. 13 MINERVA REPRESSING THE FURY OF ACHILLES. 16 THE DEPARTURE OF BRISEIS FROM THE TENT OF ACHILLES. 23 THETIS CALLING BRIAREUS TO THE ASSISTANCE OF JUPITER. 27 THETIS ENTREATING JUPITER TO HONOUR ACHILLES. 32 VULCAN. 35 JUPITER. 38 THE APOTHEOSIS OF HOMER. 39 JUPITER SENDING THE EVIL DREAM TO AGAMEMNON. 43 NEPTUNE. 66 VENUS, DISGUISED, INVITING HELEN TO THE CHAMBER OF PARIS.
  • How Till We Have Faces Confirms That a Myth Is Not a Fairytale

    How Till We Have Faces Confirms That a Myth Is Not a Fairytale

    Burkholder 1 A Myth Retold: How Till We Have Faces confirms that a Myth is not a Fairytale A Thesis Submitted to The Faculty of the School of Communications In Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Arts in English By Rachel Burkholder May 1, 2011 Burkholder 2 Liberty University School of Communication Master of Arts in English ______________________________________________________________ Thesis Chair Date _______________________________________________________________ First Reader Date _______________________________________________________________ Second Reader Date Burkholder 3 Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………..4 Chapter One Definition of Myth – Truth over Fairytale………………………………………………...9 Chapter Two: On Fairytales……………………………………………………………………………..33 Chapter Three: Myth—the Imaginative Expression of the Real…………………………………….........55 Chapter Four: Lewis on Myth…………………………………………………………………………...82 Concluding Remarks……………………………………………………………………………..99 Works Cited…...…………………………………………………………………………..........103 Burkholder 4 Introduction ―I have been a lover of fairy-stories since I learned to read, and have at times thought about them, I have not studied them professionally. I have been hardly more than a wandering explorer (or trespasser) in the land; full of wonder but not of information‖ J.R.R Tolkien ―On Faerie Stories‖ (33). In the quotation above Tolkien uses the term fairy-stories, which is arguably different from the fairytale or folktale, which is also very different from myth. These terms as of late have been used interchangeably. However, they are not the same. If anything, Tolkien‘s term fairy- story is a middle ground for understanding the differences between fairytales and myth. In some respect his understanding of fairy-stories encompasses both fairytale and myth. And as Tolkien and C. S. Lewis tackle the world of fairy-stories they are forced to explore fairytales and myth in very strict context.
  • Iliad Book I

    Iliad Book I

    Iliad Book I 1. Who were the sons of Atreus? 2. Who asked Apollo to curse the Greeks and why? 3. Did the Achaeans know why Apollo plagued them at first? 4. What had to be done to stop the plague? 5. Why did Agamemnon refuse? 6. What are Myrmidons? 7. What did Agamemnon take and from whom to replace Chryseis? 8. Who stopped Achilles from killing Agamemnon? 9. Which Achaean leader claimed to know Theseus? Extra: Find Pylos on a map and read the story of Theseus and the Minotaur. 10. What did Agamemnon do instead of giving back Chryseis? 11. To whom did Achilles turn for help when he lost Briseis? Extra: Read the story of the marriage of Peleus and Thetis and the story of Achilles’ birth. 12. Why did Achilles think she could persuade Zeus? 13. What did Achilles want? 14. Where was Zeus? Extra: Find modern Ethiopia on a map. 15. What three actions did the Achaeans take at the temple to appease Apollo? 1. 2. 3. 16. How did Zeus indicate he would do as Thetis asked? 17. Who tried to change Zeus’ mind? 18. How did Hephaestus become injured? Iliad Book II 1. The evil or false dream was sent to Agamemnon by _______________. Extra: Keep a list of the gods/goddesses on each side of the war. 2. The dream came to Agamemnon as who? 3. Agamemnon’s staff had been made by whom? And how was it acquired? 4. When the Achaean troops assemble Agamemnon tells them that Zeus wanted them to do what? 5.
  • Divine Riddles: a Sourcebook for Greek and Roman Mythology March, 2014

    Divine Riddles: a Sourcebook for Greek and Roman Mythology March, 2014

    Divine Riddles: A Sourcebook for Greek and Roman Mythology March, 2014 E. Edward Garvin, Editor What follows is a collection of excerpts from Greek literary sources in translation. The intent is to give students an overview of Greek mythology as expressed by the Greeks themselves. But any such collection is inherently flawed: the process of selection and abridgement produces a falsehood because both the narrative and meta-narrative are destroyed when the continuity of the composition is interrupted. Nevertheless, this seems the most expedient way to expose students to a wide range of primary source information. I have tried to keep my voice out of it as much as possible and will intervene as editor (in this Times New Roman font) only to give background or exegesis to the text. All of the texts in Goudy Old Style are excerpts from Greek or Latin texts (primary sources) that have been translated into English. Ancient Texts In the field of Classics, we refer to texts by Author, name of the book, book number, chapter number and line number.1 Every text, regardless of language, uses the same numbering system. Homer’s Iliad, for example, is divided into 24 books and the lines in each book are numbered. Hesiod’s Theogony is much shorter so no book divisions are necessary but the lines are numbered. Below is an example from Homer’s Iliad, Book One, showing the English translation on the left and the Greek original on the right. When citing this text we might say that Achilles is first mentioned by Homer in Iliad 1.7 (i.7 is also acceptable).
  • The TROJAN WAR

    The TROJAN WAR

    The TROJAN WAR The Chronicles of Dictys of Crete Indiana University Greek and Latin Classics and Dares the Phrygian TRANSLATED WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES BY R. M. FRAZER, JR. Indiana University Press BLOOMINGTON & LONDON CONTENTS INTRODUCTION The Medieval Troy Story 3 The Anti-Homeric Tradition 5 Dictys 7 Dares 11 The Translation 15 A JOURNAL OF THE TROJAN WAR by Dictys of Crete Letter 19 Preface 20 Book One 23 Book Two 37 Book Three 70 Book Four 87 Book Five 103 Book Six 119 THE FALL OF TROY, A HISTORY by Dares the Phrygian [Letter] 133 Sections 1-44 133 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Copyright © 1966 by Indiana University Press BIBLIOGRAPHY 169 Library of Congress catalog card number: 65-19709 NOTES 170 Manufactured in the United States of America INDEX OF PROPER NAMES 180 v THE TROJAN WAR The Chronicles Adcnowledgments of Dictys of Crete The present volume brings together for the first time in En­ and Dares the Phrygian glish translation the accounts of Dictys and Dares about the Trojan War. These works deserve our careful attention as the principal sources of the medieval Troy story and as examples of the anti-Homeric literature of late antiquity. In the introduction I have briefly described the influence of our authors on later European literature, and have tried to show how our Latin texts depend on Greek originals. For the latter purpose I have found the scholarship of Nathaniel Edward Griffin especially rewarding for Dictys and that of Otmar Schissel von Fleschenberg for Dares. I have used the notes to comment on matters of form (how our Latin texts probably differ from their Greek originals), to point out difficulties and incon­ sistencies, and to cite some of the sources and parallel versions of the stories that Dictys and Dares tell.
  • Greek Mythology Link (Complete Collection)

    Greek Mythology Link (Complete Collection)

    Document belonging to the Greek Mythology Link, a web site created by Carlos Parada, author of Genealogical Guide to Greek Mythology Characters • Places • Topics • Images • Bibliography • Español • PDF Editions About • Copyright © 1997 Carlos Parada and Maicar Förlag. This PDF contains portions of the Greek Mythology Link COMPLETE COLLECTION, version 0906. In this sample most links will not work. THE COMPLETE GREEK MYTHOLOGY LINK COLLECTION (digital edition) includes: 1. Two fully linked, bookmarked, and easy to print PDF files (1809 A4 pages), including: a. The full version of the Genealogical Guide (not on line) and every page-numbered docu- ment detailed in the Contents. b. 119 Charts (genealogical and contextual) and 5 Maps. 2. Thousands of images organized in albums are included in this package. The contents of this sample is copyright © 1997 Carlos Parada and Maicar Förlag. To buy this collection, visit Editions. Greek Mythology Link Contents The Greek Mythology Link is a collection of myths retold by Carlos Parada, author of Genealogical Guide to Greek Mythology, published in 1993 (available at Amazon). The mythical accounts are based exclusively on ancient sources. Address: www.maicar.com About, Email. Copyright © 1997 Carlos Parada and Maicar Förlag. ISBN 978-91-976473-9-7 Contents VIII Divinities 1476 Major Divinities 1477 Page Immortals 1480 I Abbreviations 2 Other deities 1486 II Dictionaries 4 IX Miscellanea Genealogical Guide (6520 entries) 5 Three Main Ancestors 1489 Geographical Reference (1184) 500 Robe & Necklace of
  • Trojan War Greece Ethicalmun Ethicalmun II III Crisis Crisis

    Trojan War Greece Ethicalmun Ethicalmun II III Crisis Crisis

    EthicalMUN III Trojan War Greece Chairs: Julie Johnson and Lena Habtu Crisis Director: Gavin Kelly EthicalMUNEthicalMUN IIIII Dear Delegates, We can’t wait to welcome you to EthicalMUN III and are looking forward to Theo Dassin meeting you all. We are really excited to see your hard work and creativity come to Co-Secretary General life through unique solutions and vicious war plans regarding the Trojan War, but first, we wanted to tell you all a bit about ourselves. Iva Knezevic My name is Julie Johnson and I will be one of your chairs this year, in addition Co-Secretary General to serving as co-Chief of Staff of the conference. I am currently a sophomore at Fieldston, and have been doing Model UN since 7th grade. I have attended numerous CormacAlex Keswani Thorpe conferences, and had great experiences with MUN over the years. Outside of school, Co-SecretaryChief of Staff General ballet is my passion, dedicating five days a week to dance. I also love music and getting lost in a good book (as true nerds do). JulieJacob Johnson Greene My name is Lena Habtu and I am a freshman at Fieldston. I did Model UN in Chief of Staff middle school, took a break, and now I am glad to be back. Outside of MUN, I am on the school’s swim team, as well dedicating a lot of (too much) time to singing and Ryan Kelly reading. OliviaVice-Secretary Becker of We were both delegates in middle school, and can honestly say that the ChiefCommittees of Staff experiences we had and the skills we gained through Model UN were truly life changing.
  • Download PDF File

    Download PDF File

    The Story of the Iliad rev ALFRED J. CHURCH CONTENTS 1. PREFACE 1 2. OF WHAT BEFELL BEFORE THE QUARREL. 2 3. THE QUARREL. 4 4. THE ASSEMBLY. 13 5. THE DUEL OF PARIS AND MENELAÜS. 21 6. THE BROKEN OATH. 27 7. THE VALIANT DEEDS OF DIOMED. 32 8. GLAUCUS AND DIOMED. 44 9. HECTOR AND ANDROMACHÉ. 48 10. THE DUEL OF HECTOR AND AJAX. 55 11. THE BATTLE ON THE PLAIN. 62 12. THE EMBASSY TO ACHILLES. 71 13. THE ADVENTURE OF ULYSSES AND DIOMED. 85 14. THE VALIANT DEEDS OF AGAMEMNON. 91 15. THE WOUNDING OF THE CHIEFS. 94 16. THE BATTLE AT THE WALL. 100 17. THE BATTLE AT THE SHIPS. 107 18. THE BATTLE AT THE SHIPS (CONTINUED). 114 19. THE DEEDS AND DEATH OF PATROCLUS. 122 20. THE ROUSING OF ACHILLES. 129 21. THE MAKING OF THE ARMS. 135 22. THE ENDING OF THE STRIFE. 140 23. THE BATTLE AT THE RIVER. 144 24. THE BATTLE OF THE GODS. 148 25. THE SLAYING OF HECTOR. 155 26. THE BURNING OF PATROCLUS. 166 27. THE RANSOMING OF HECTOR. 177 The Gods descending to battle. PREFACE ourteen years ago, in introducing my ‘Stories from Homer’ Fto the public, I expressed the hope that they would ‘repre- sent Homer not unfaithfully to readers, old and young, who did not know him in the original.’ The book has found, on both sides of the Atlantic, many such readers, and not a few, I am proud to think, who, knowing the original, have judged this adaptation to be not altogether unworthy of it.
  • Trends in Classics

    Trends in Classics

    2014!·!VOLUME 6!· NUMBER 2 TRENDS IN CLASSICS EDITED BY Franco Montanari, Genova Antonios Rengakos, Thessaloniki SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Alberto Bernabé, Madrid Margarethe Billerbeck, Fribourg Claude Calame, EHESS, Paris Philip Hardie, Cambridge Stephen Harrison, Oxford Stephen Hinds, U of Washington, Seattle Richard Hunter, Cambridge Christina Kraus, Yale Giuseppe Mastromarco, Bari Gregory Nagy, Harvard Theodore D. Papanghelis, Thessaloniki Giusto Picone, Palermo Kurt Raaflaub, Brown University Bernhard Zimmermann, Freiburg Brought to you by | Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Preussischer Kulturbesitz Authenticated Download Date | 11/7/14 11:19 PM ISSN 1866-7473 ∙ e-ISSN 1866-7481 All information regarding notes for contributors, subscriptions, Open access, back volumes and orders is available online at www.degruyter.com/tic Trends in Classics, a new journal and its accompanying series of Supplementary Volumes, will pub- lish innovative, interdisciplinary work which brings to the study of Greek and Latin texts the insights and methods of related disciplines such as narratology, intertextuality, reader-response criticism, and oral poetics. Trends in Classics will seek to publish research across the full range of classical antiquity. Submissions of manuscripts for the series and the journal are welcome to be sent directly to the editors: RESPONSIBLE EDITORS Prof. Franco Montanari, Università degli Studi di Genova, Italy. franco. [email protected], Prof. Antonios Rengakos, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. [email protected] EDITORIAL

  • Simas Clytemnestra Handout.Pdf

    Anna Simas University of Washington Department of Classics [email protected] The Name of Clytemnestra in the Odyssey 1. Instances of the Oresteia myth in the Odyssey (identified in Olson 1990) 1.35-43, 1.298-300; 3.193-8, 3.234-5, 3.255-312; 4.90-2, 4.512-37, 4.546-7; 11.387-9, 11.409-34, 11.452-3; 13.383-4; 24.19-22, 24.96-7, 24.199-202 2. Non-etymological evidence for Clytemnestra’s mental acuity (Odyssey) δόλῳ… ἀλόχοιο (3.235, 4.92) “by the trickery of his... wife” φρεσὶ…κέχρητ’ ἀγαθῇσι (3.266) “she had noble wits” λυγρὰ ἰδυῖα (11.432) “thinking baneful things” Κλυταιµνήστρη δόλον ἤρτυε (11.439) “Clytemnestra spread a snare” 3. Categories of Homeric wordplay (Louden 1995) Wordplay: “a connection between two similar-sounding words which invests the relationship between them with additional meaning” (Louden 1995: 27) a. Figura etymologica: the “play upon the etymological meaning of a name” (Louden 1995: 28). Od. 19.407-9: πολλοῖσιν γὰρ ἐγώ γε ὀδυσσάµενος τόδ᾽ ἱκάνω, Inasmuch as I have come here as one that is hateful to many, ἀνδράσιν ἠδὲ γυναιξὶν ἀνὰ χθόνα πουλυβότειραν· both men and women, over the fruitful earth, τῷ δ᾽ Ὀδυσεὺς ὄνοµ᾽ ἔστω ἐπώνυµον. therefore let the name by which the child is named be Odysseus. b. Parechesis: “the non-etymological collocations of words sharing several common sounds, usually a similar sounding root” (Louden 1995: 29). Il.16.141-4: ... τὸ µὲν οὐ δύνατ’ ἄλλος Ἀχαιῶν ... this no other of the Achaeans could πάλλειν, ἀλλά µιν οἶος ἐπίστατο πῆλαι Ἀχιλλεύς, wield, but Achilles alone was skilled to wield it, Πηλιάδα µελίην, τὴν πατρὶ φίλῳ πόρε Χείρων the Pelian spear of ash, that Cheiron had given to his dear father Πηλίου ἐκ κορυφῆς… from the peak of Pelion..

  • Trojan) Tlepolemus (Greek

    Acamas (Trojan) Promachus (Greek) Polites (Trojan) Echius (Greek) Phaestus (Unknown) Othryoneus (Trojan) Asius (Trojan) Idomeneus (Greek) Alcathous (Trojan) Oenomaus (Trojan) Erymas killed by Idomeneus (Trojan) Thoas (Greek) Peirous (Trojan) Diores (Greek) Thrasymedes (Greek) Maris (Trojan) Dresus (Trojan) Opheltius (Trojan) Euryalus (Greek) Aesepus (Trojan) Pedasus (Trojan) Helenus (Trojan) Deïpyrus (Greek) Scamandrius (Unknown) Phlaemenes (Trojan) Menelaus (Greek) Peisander killed by Menelaus (Trojan) Hyperenor (Trojan) Dolops (Trojan) Thoas (Trojan) Hippomachus (Unknown) Antiphates (Trojan) Phegeus (Trojan) Leonteus (Greek) Menon (Trojan) Astynous (Trojan) Iamenus (Trojan) Hypeiron (Trojan) Orestes (Trojan) Abas (Trojan) Satnius (Trojan) Polyidus (Trojan) Ajax son of Oileus (Greek) Cleobulus (Trojan) Xanthus (Trojan) Astyalus (Trojan) Thoon (Trojan) Damasus (Trojan) Echemmon (Trojan) Crethon (Greek) Polypoetes (Greek) Pylon (Trojan) Chromius killed by Diomedes (Trojan) Orsilochus (Greek) Ormenus killed by Polypoetes (Trojan) Pandarus (Trojan) Aphareus (Greek) Diomedes (Greek) Aeneas (Trojan) Medon (Greek) Menesthius (Greek) Ares (God) Iasus (Greek) Paris (Trojan) Euchenor (Greek) Axylus (Trojan) Leocritus (Greek) Deïochus (Greek) Calesius (Trojan) Periphas (Greek) Automedon (Greek) Aretus (Trojan) Eniopeus (Trojan) Agelaos (Trojan) Dolon (Trojan) Menelaus (Trojan) Podes (Trojan) twelve sleeping Thracian soldiers (Unknown) Pedaeus (Greek) Thymbraeus (Trojan) Meges (Greek) Croesmus (Trojan) two sons of Merops (Trojan) Amphiclus (Trojan)