Diplomarbeit
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Austria's Pre-War Brown V. Board of Education Maria L
Fordham Urban Law Journal Volume 32 | Number 1 Article 4 2004 Austria's Pre-War Brown v. Board of Education Maria L. Marcus Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons Recommended Citation Maria L. Marcus, Austria's Pre-War Brown v. Board of Education, 32 Fordham Urb. L.J. 1 (2004). Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj/vol32/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by FLASH: The orF dham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fordham Urban Law Journal by an authorized editor of FLASH: The orF dham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHRISTENSENMARCUS 2/3/2011 9:57 PM AUSTRIA’S PRE-WAR BROWN v. BOARD OF EDUCATION Maria L. Marcus∗ INTRODUCTION On May 19, 1930, a Viennese newspaper published an article under the title, “His Magnificence The Rector: Scandal at the University of Vienna.”1 The author analyzed and attacked the government-sponsored University’s new regulations dividing the students into four “nations”—German, non- German (e.g., Jewish), mixed, or “other.” These regulations had been presented by the Rector as vehicles for voluntary association of students with common ethnic roots. The article noted, however, that under the new system, individuals were precluded from deciding themselves to which nation they belonged. A student would be designated as non-German even if he was a German-speaking Austrian citizen descended from generations of citizens, unless he could prove that his parents and his grandparents had been baptized.2 ∗ Joseph M. -
Notes of Michael J. Zeps, SJ
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette History Faculty Research and Publications History Department 1-1-2011 Documents of Baudirektion Wien 1919-1941: Notes of Michael J. Zeps, S.J. Michael J. Zeps S.J. Marquette University, [email protected] Preface While doing research in Vienna for my dissertation on relations between Church and State in Austria between the wars I became intrigued by the outward appearance of the public housing projects put up by Red Vienna at the same time. They seemed to have a martial cast to them not at all restricted to the famous Karl-Marx-Hof so, against advice that I would find nothing, I decided to see what could be found in the archives of the Stadtbauamt to tie the architecture of the program to the civil war of 1934 when the structures became the principal focus of conflict. I found no direct tie anywhere in the documents but uncovered some circumstantial evidence that might be explored in the future. One reason for publishing these notes is to save researchers from the same dead end I ran into. This is not to say no evidence was ever present because there are many missing documents in the sequence which might turn up in the future—there is more than one complaint to be found about staff members taking documents and not returning them—and the socialists who controlled the records had an interest in denying any connection both before and after the civil war. Certain kinds of records are simply not there including assessments of personnel which are in the files of the Magistratsdirektion not accessible to the public and minutes of most meetings within the various Magistrats Abteilungen connected with the program. -
Building an Unwanted Nation: the Anglo-American Partnership and Austrian Proponents of a Separate Nationhood, 1918-1934
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Carolina Digital Repository BUILDING AN UNWANTED NATION: THE ANGLO-AMERICAN PARTNERSHIP AND AUSTRIAN PROPONENTS OF A SEPARATE NATIONHOOD, 1918-1934 Kevin Mason A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2007 Approved by: Advisor: Dr. Christopher Browning Reader: Dr. Konrad Jarausch Reader: Dr. Lloyd Kramer Reader: Dr. Michael Hunt Reader: Dr. Terence McIntosh ©2007 Kevin Mason ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Kevin Mason: Building an Unwanted Nation: The Anglo-American Partnership and Austrian Proponents of a Separate Nationhood, 1918-1934 (Under the direction of Dr. Christopher Browning) This project focuses on American and British economic, diplomatic, and cultural ties with Austria, and particularly with internal proponents of Austrian independence. Primarily through loans to build up the economy and diplomatic pressure, the United States and Great Britain helped to maintain an independent Austrian state and prevent an Anschluss or union with Germany from 1918 to 1934. In addition, this study examines the minority of Austrians who opposed an Anschluss . The three main groups of Austrians that supported independence were the Christian Social Party, monarchists, and some industries and industrialists. These Austrian nationalists cooperated with the Americans and British in sustaining an unwilling Austrian nation. Ultimately, the global depression weakened American and British capacity to practice dollar and pound diplomacy, and the popular appeal of Hitler combined with Nazi Germany’s aggression led to the realization of the Anschluss . -
Diplomarbeit / Diploma Thesis
DIPLOMARBEIT / DIPLOMA THESIS Titel der Diplomarbeit / Title of the Diploma Thesis „Erziehung statt Bildung - Analyse faschistischer Tendenzen in den Lehrplänen für Geographie/Erdkunde und Geschichte während des Austrofaschismus und Nationalsozialismus“ verfasst von / submitted by Christoph Madl angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister der Philosophie (Mag.phil.) Wien, 2020 / Vienna, 2020 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 190 456 313 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt / Lehramtsstudium Unterrichtsfach Geographie und degree programme as it appears on Wirtschaftskunde, Unterrichtsfach Geschichte, the student record sheet: Sozialkunde und Politische Bildung Betreut von / Supervisor: Ao. Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Peter Eigner Mitbetreut von / Co-Supervisor: Danksagung Ich möchte mich zuerst bei meinen Eltern bedanken, die mich immer zur Weiterbildung ermutigt haben und mich unterstützten, meine Träume zu verwirklichen. Ein ebenso großer Dank gilt meinem Bruder Patrick Madl, der nicht nur eine wichtige Stütze in meinem Leben ist, sondern mir auch während der Studienzeit und bei der Erstellung dieser Abschlussarbeit eine große Hilfe war. Ebenso danke ich meinen beiden liebgewonnen Studienkollegen Lisa Hubbauer und Florian Schicho, ohne deren Hilfe und Unterstützung mein Studium nicht so erfolgreich und amüsant verlaufen wäre. Gewidmet ist diese Arbeit meinem geliebten Onkel Gerhard „Schnupfi“ Endl, der während der Studienzeit -
CONTENT Foreword
5 CONTENT Foreword . 15 I . Starting Situation: World War I, End of the Monarchy, Founding of the Republic of Austria, and the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye 1914–19 . 21 1. The Abdication of the Kaiser, “Republic of German-Austria”, Prohibition against the Anschluss, and the Founding of a State against Its Will 1918–19 21 2. On the Eve of Catastrophe ..................................... 28 3. The Summer of 1914 and Deeper-seated Causes ................... 30 4. World War I Sees No Victors .................................. 33 5. Dictates as Peace Agreements .................................. 40 6. Paris and the Consequences ................................... 43 7. A Fragmented Collection of States as a Consequence of the Collapse of the Four Great Empires ......................................... 47 8. Societal Breaks: The Century of European Emigration Ends and the Colonies Report Back for the First Time ................................. 53 9. A World in Change against the Background of Europe Depriving Itself of Power: The Rise of the US and Soviet Russia More as an Eastern Peripheral Power 55 10. Interim Conclusion .......................................... 59 II . A Lost Cause: Austria between Central Europe, Paneuropean Dreams, the “Anschluss” to Nazi Germany and in Exile Abroad 1918/19–45 63 1. The End of the European Great Powers and a Man with His Vision .... 63 2. The Unwanted State: Austria’s Reorientation in the Wake of the Paris Postwar Order 1919–21 .............................................. 69 3. Ignaz Seipel as a Political Key Figure and the Geneva League of Nations Loan 1922 ................................................. 75 4. The Paneuropean Dream and Central Europe Idea as Visions between Broad- reaching Dependence and the Brief Attainment of Sovereignty 1923–30 80 5. -
Ernst Von Streeruwitz (1874–1952)
Ernst von Streeruwitz (1874–1952). Ein österreichischer Bundeskanz- ler aus (West-)Böhmen Lothar HÖBELT Abstract: The essay deals with the life and career of Ernst von Streeruwitz, descendant of an old family from Stříbro, small town in West of Bohemia. In 1929 became Streeruwitz, an industrial manager and lobbyist, the chancellor of Austria, although just for a short time. His life story wasn’t in Czech historiography reflected to date. Key words: Ernst von Streeruwitz, 20th Century, Sudeten, Chancellor of Austria, Chamber of Commerce, Schuschnigg Government. I. Die Familie Von den zehn österreichischen Bundeskanzlern der Ersten Republik waren fast die Hälf- te – vier – gebürtige Sudetendeutsche: Karl Renner und Arthur Seyß-Inquart, der erste und der letzte, kamen aus Mähren; Rudolf Ramek (1924–1926) hatte in Salzburg Karriere gemacht, stammte aber aus Schlesien; Ernst v. Streeruwitz war der einzige Deutschböhme unter ihnen. Streeruwitz kam als Quereinsteiger in die Politik, aber er kam aus einer po- litischen Familie. Sein Vater Georg Adolf war in der liberalen Ära lange Zeit Landtags-, von 1867 bis 1885 auch Reichsratsabgeordneter gewesen; sein Bruder Hans war bis 1918 Bürgermeister von Mies; sein Schwager, der Arzt Viktor Michl (1865–1927), wurde 1907 für die Deutschradikalen in den Reichsrat gewählt.1] Streeruwitz selbst hat für den ersten Band seiner Memoiren ausführlich die Fami- liengeschichte recherchiert. Die Streers v. Streeruwitz besaßen das böhmische Inkolat; ein Vorfahre war angeblich schon wegen seiner Verdienste um die Verteidigung Prags 1648 in den Adelsstand erhoben worden (eine Standeserhöhung, die sich freilich nicht belegen läßt); Ernsts Urgroßvater war Hofrat in der böhmischen Hofkanzlei unter Joseph II. -
1545 Die Schutzbundemigranten in Der Sowjetunion
Verena Moritz Julia Köstenberger Aleksandr Vatlin Hannes Leidinger Karin Moser Gegenwelten Aspekte der österreichisch-sowjetischen Beziehungen 1918–1938 Residenz Verlag Herausgabe und Druck wurden gefördert von: Austrian Science Fund (FWF): P 20477-G15 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. www.residenzverlag.at © 2013 Residenz Verlag im Niederösterreichischen Pressehaus Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft mbH St. Pölten – Salzburg – Wien Alle Rechte, insbesondere das des auszugsweisen Abdrucks und das der fotomechanischen Wiedergabe, vorbehalten. Umschlaggestaltung: Matthias Mendietta, Ekke Wolf Grafische Gestaltung/Satz: Lanz, Wien Schrift: Minion Pro Gesamtherstellung: CPI Moravia Books ISBN 978-3-7017-3306-4 auch als Zum Geleit Begleitet man ein Forschungsprojekt von Anfang an aktiv und vor allem mit größtem Interesse, so freut es doppelt, wenn eine ausgezeichnete Arbeit vor- liegt. Die Recherchen zur Thematik waren nicht immer einfach, aber es fanden sich Wege, die Schwierigkeiten zu überwinden, und dafür sei der allgemeine Dank ausgesprochen. Es handelte sich bei diesem Projekt um erstmalige Ein- blicke in ein sehr wesentliches Kapitel der österreichischen Geschichte in ihren Beziehungen zur Sowjetunion. Beide Staaten befanden sich im behandelten Zeitraum in einer Um- und Neustrukturierung, beobachteten einander sehr intensiv. Die vorliegende Publikation arbeitet präzise sowie informativ auch die Hintergründe des bilateralen Verhältnisses aus und gibt dadurch erstmalig Einblicke in bislang eher weniger beachtete Bereiche. Es geht in der Geschichtsforschung/-schreibung nicht immer um die großen Ereignisse, mit denen Geschäft gemacht werden kann. Die kleinen Bausteine zum Ganzen finden sich durch Forschungsarbeiten wie die, deren Ergebnisse nun in Form dieser Publikation vorliegen und die weiterhin von möglichst vielen Stellen gefördert werden sollten. -
The Future Fund of the Republic of Austria Subsidizes Scientific And
The Future Fund of the Republic of Austria subsidizes scientific and pedagogical projects which foster tolerance and mutual understanding on the basis of a close examination of the sufferings caused by the Nazi regime on the territory of present-day Austria. Keeping alive the memory of the victims as a reminder for future generations is one of our main targets, as well as human rights education and the strengthening of democratic values. Beyond, you will find a list containing the English titles or brief summaries of all projects approved by the Future Fund since its establishment in 2006. For further information in German about the content, duration and leading institutions or persons of each project, please refer to the database (menu: “Projektdatenbank”) on our homepage http://www.zukunftsfonds-austria.at If you have further questions, please do not hesitate to contact us at [email protected] Project-Code P06-0001 brief summary Soviet Forced Labour Workers and their Lives after Liberation Project-Code P06-0002 brief summary Life histories of forced labour workers under the Nazi regime Project-Code P06-0003 brief summary Unbroken Will - USA - Tour 2006 (book presentations and oral history debates with Holocaust survivor Leopold Engleitner) Project-Code P06-0004 brief summary Heinrich Steinitz - Lawyer, Poet and Resistance Activist Project-Code P06-0006 brief summary Robert Quintilla: A Gaul in Danubia. Memoirs of a former French forced labourer Project-Code P06-0007 brief summary Symposium of the Jewish Museum Vilnius on their educational campaign against anti-Semitism and Austria's contribution to those efforts Project-Code P06-0008 brief summary Effective Mechanisms of Totalitarian Developments. -
„Hinein in Die Vaterländische Front!“ Die Vaterländische Front Als Machtbasis Des Ständestaats?
„Hinein in die Vaterländische Front!“ Die Vaterländische Front als Machtbasis des Ständestaats? Masterarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Master of Arts im Masterstudium Politische Bildung Johannes Kepler Universität Linz Institut für Neuere Geschichte und Zeitgeschichte Betreuer: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Marcus Gräser Verfasser: Philipp Lumetsberger, BSc Linz, Februar 2015 Eidesstattliche Erklärung Ich erkläre an Eides statt, dass ich die vorliegende Masterarbeit selbstständig und ohne fremde Hilfe verfasst, andere als die angegebenen Quellen und Hilfsmittel nicht benutzt bzw. die wörtlich oder sinngemäß entnommenen Stellen als solche kenntlich gemacht habe. Die vorliegende Masterarbeit ist mit dem elektronisch übermittelten Textdokument identisch. Linz, Februar 2015 Philipp Lumetsberger 1 Inhalt I. Abkürzungsverzeichnis ............................................................................................ 3 1. Einleitung ................................................................................................................ 4 2. Ständestaat ............................................................................................................ 6 2.1. Vorgeschichte .................................................................................................. 6 2.2. Verfassung ..................................................................................................... 16 2.3. Der Einfluss der Berufsstände ....................................................................... 26 3. Vaterländische Front............................................................................................ -
Confidential: for Review Only
BMJ Confidential: For Review Only Does the stress of politics kill? An observational study comparing premature mortality of elected leaders to runner-ups in national elections of 8 countries Journal: BMJ Manuscript ID BMJ.2015.029691 Article Type: Christmas BMJ Journal: BMJ Date Submitted by the Author: 02-Oct-2015 Complete List of Authors: Abola, Matthew; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Olenski, Andrew; Harvard Medical School, Health Care Policy Jena, Anupam; Harvard Medical School, Health Care Policy Keywords: premature mortality, politics https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/bmj Page 1 of 46 BMJ 1 2 3 Does the stress of politics kill? An observational study comparing accelerated 4 5 6 mortality of elected leaders to runners-up in national elections of 17 countries 7 8 Confidential: For Review Only 9 10 1 2 3 11 Andrew R. Olenski, B.A., Matthew V. Abola, B.A., , Anupam B. Jena, M.D, Ph.D. 12 13 14 15 1 Research assistant, Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 16 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115. Email: [email protected] . 17 18 2 19 Medical student, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2109 Adelbert 20 Rd., Cleveland, OH 44106. Phone: 216-286-4923; Email: [email protected]. 21 22 3 Associate Professor, Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 23 24 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115; Tel: 617-432-8322; Department of Medicine, 25 Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; and National Bureau of Economic 26 Research, Cambridge, MA. Email: [email protected]. 27 28 29 30 31 Corresponding author from which reprints should be requested: 32 33 Anupam Jena, M.D., Ph.D. -
Post-World War I Austria
From Empire to Republic: Post-World War I Austria Günter Bischof, Fritz Plasser (Eds.) Peter Berger, Guest Editor CONTEMPORARY AUSTRIAN STUDIES | Volume 19 innsbruck university press Copyright ©2010 by University of New Orleans Press, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. Printed in Germany. Cover photo: A severely wounded soldier from the battle on the Isonzo front awaits transport to the hospital on 23 August 1917. (Photo courtesy of Picture Archives of the Austrian National Library) Published in the United States by Published and distributed in Europe University of New Orleans Press: by Innsbruck University Press: ISBN: 9781608010257 ISBN: 9783902719768 ŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌĂƌLJƵƐƚƌŝĂŶ^ƚƵĚŝĞƐ ^ƉŽŶƐŽƌĞĚďLJƚŚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨEĞǁKƌůĞĂŶƐ ĂŶĚhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚćƚ/ŶŶƐďƌƵĐŬ Editors Günter Bischof, CenterAustria, University of New Orleans Fritz Plasser, Universität Innsbruck Production Editor Copy Editor Assistant Editor Bill Lavender Lindsay Maples Alexander Smith University of University of UNO/Universität New Orleans New Orleans Innsbruck Executive Editors Klaus Frantz, Universität Innsbruck Susan Krantz, University of New Orleans Advisory Board Siegfried Beer Sándor Kurtán Universität Graz Corvinus University Budapest Peter Berger Günther Pallaver Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien Universität Innsbruck John Boyer Peter Pulzer University of Chicago Oxford University Gary Cohen (ex officio) Oliver Rathkolb Center for Austrian Studies Universität Wien University of Minnesota Sieglinde Rosenberger Christine Day Universität Wien University of New Orleans Alan Scott Oscar Gabriel Universität -
The Shadow of the Habsburgs: Memory and National Identity in Austrian Politics and Education, 1918-1955
ABSTRACT Title of dissertation: THE SHADOW OF THE HABSBURGS: MEMORY AND NATIONAL IDENTITY IN AUSTRIAN POLITICS AND EDUCATION, 1918-1955 Douglas Patrick Campbell, Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation directed by: Marsha L. Rozenblit Department of History This dissertation examines how the people of Austria portrayed their past as part of the centuries -old, multinational Habsburg Monarchy in order to conduct a public debate about what it meant to be an “Austrian” during a tumultuous era in Europe’s history. As its main sources, It draws upon the public writings of Austrian politicians and intellectuals, as well as on educational laws, curricula and history textbooks used by the different Austrian go vernments of the era in order to describe how Austrian leaders portrayed Austria’s past in an attempt to define its national future, even as Austrian schools tried to disseminate those national and historical ideals to the next generation of Austrian citiz ens in a practical sense. The first section describes how the leaders of the Austrian First Republic saw Austria’s newfound independence after 1918 as a clean break with its Habsburg past, and consequently pursued a union with Germany which was frustrated by the political interests of the victors of World War I. The second section details the rise of an “Austro -fascist” dictatorship in Austria during the mid -1930s which promoted an Austrian patriotism grounded in a positive portrayal of the Habsburg Monarc hy in order to remain independent from Nazi Germany. The third section examines Austria’s forcible incorporation into the Nazi German state, and the effort by the Third Reich to completely eradicate the existence of a distinctive Austrian identity by cast ing the Habsburg era in a negative light.