Introduction to the Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar. Volume III Antoinette Schapper
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Developments of Affectedness Marking
Language & Linguistics in Melanesia Vol. 31 No. 1, 2013 ISSN: 0023-1959 Journal of the Linguistic Society of Papua New Guinea ISSN: 0023-1959 Vol. 31 No. 1, 2013 0 Language & Linguistics in Melanesia Vol. 31 No. 1, 2013 ISSN: 0023-1959 Towards a Papuan history of languages MARK DONOHUE Department of Linguistics, College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University [email protected] 1. Introduction and overview In this paper, I raise one simple point that must be taken into account when considering the history of the ‘Papuan’ languages – namely, the scope of the term ‘Papuan’. I shall argue that ‘Papuan’ is a term that logically should include many languages that have generally been discussed as being ‘Austronesian’. While much detailed work has been carried out on a number of ‘Papuan’ language families, the fact that they are separate families, and are not believed to be related to each other (in the sense of the comparative method) any more than they are to the Austronesian languages which largely surround their region, means that they cannot be considered without reference to those Austronesian languages. I will argue that many of the Austronesian languages which surround the Papuan region (see the appendix) can only be considered to be ‘Austronesian’ in a lexical sense. Since historical linguistics puts little value on simple lexical correspondences in the absence of regular sound correspondences, and regularity of sound correspondence is lacking in the Austronesian languages close to New Guinea, we cannot consider these languages to be ‘fully’ Austronesian. We must therefore consider a Papuan history that is much more widespread than usually conceived. -
Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics &A
Online Appendix for Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue (2014) Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics & Change Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue The following document lists the languages of the world and their as- signment to the macro-areas described in the main body of the paper as well as the WALS macro-area for languages featured in the WALS 2005 edi- tion. 7160 languages are included, which represent all languages for which we had coordinates available1. Every language is given with its ISO-639-3 code (if it has one) for proper identification. The mapping between WALS languages and ISO-codes was done by using the mapping downloadable from the 2011 online WALS edition2 (because a number of errors in the mapping were corrected for the 2011 edition). 38 WALS languages are not given an ISO-code in the 2011 mapping, 36 of these have been assigned their appropri- ate iso-code based on the sources the WALS lists for the respective language. This was not possible for Tasmanian (WALS-code: tsm) because the WALS mixes data from very different Tasmanian languages and for Kualan (WALS- code: kua) because no source is given. 17 WALS-languages were assigned ISO-codes which have subsequently been retired { these have been assigned their appropriate updated ISO-code. In many cases, a WALS-language is mapped to several ISO-codes. As this has no bearing for the assignment to macro-areas, multiple mappings have been retained. 1There are another couple of hundred languages which are attested but for which our database currently lacks coordinates. -
7-Day / 6-Night Itinerary: Maumere to Alor Alor
Ultimate Indonesian Yachts 7-DAY / 6-NIGHT ITINERARY: MAUMERE TO ALOR Embark on a 7-day sailing sojourn in the mysterious Alor archipelago. This journey begins in Maumere and ends in Alor. ALOR ARCHIPELAGO The Alor archipelago is a series of rugged, volcanic islands stretching east of Bali, Sumbawa and Flores. It is perhaps most notable for its cultural diversity – the small archipelago is home to no less than 100 communities speaking 8 languages and 52 dialects. Dutch settlers fixed local rajas in the coastal areas after 1908, but were unable to penetrate the interior with its notorious fierce headhunters up until as late as the 1950s. This little-visited area remains known for its enduring indigenous animist traditions and the highland villages with their Moko drums. The many small villages in the vicinity are home to a welcoming and curious people, and visitors may also come across local spear fishermen sporting wooden framed goggles, setting traditional woven fish traps on the reefs. Among the islands surrounding Alor, deep channels make up part of the migratory route for many types of whales and the underwater landscape features breathtaking walls and coral gardens occupied by large schools of fish. These waters are notorious for powerful currents, particularly in the narrow straits between Pantar, Alor and Lembata, attracting predators from the deep. Off the Alor coast, Komba Island is home to the very active Batu Tara volcano, which billows smoke every half hour. www.ultimate-indonesian-yachts.com Ultimate Indonesian Yachts SAMPLE ITINERARY DAY 1: MAUMERE Upon arrival at the airport, you will be collected by your crew and transferred to your private yacht. -
Spices from the East: Papers in Languages of Eastern Indonesia
Sp ices fr om the East Papers in languages of eastern Indonesia Grimes, C.E. editor. Spices from the East: Papers in languages of Eastern Indonesia. PL-503, ix + 235 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 2000. DOI:10.15144/PL-503.cover ©2000 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. Also in Pacific Linguistics Barsel, Linda A. 1994, The verb morphology of Mo ri, Sulawesi van Klinken, Catherina 1999, A grammar of the Fehan dialect of Tetun: An Austronesian language of West Timor Mead, David E. 1999, Th e Bungku-Tolaki languages of South-Eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia Ross, M.D., ed., 1992, Papers in Austronesian linguistics No. 2. (Papers by Sarah Bel1, Robert Blust, Videa P. De Guzman, Bryan Ezard, Clif Olson, Stephen J. Schooling) Steinhauer, Hein, ed., 1996, Papers in Austronesian linguistics No. 3. (Papers by D.G. Arms, Rene van den Berg, Beatrice Clayre, Aone van Engelenhoven, Donna Evans, Barbara Friberg, Nikolaus P. Himmelmann, Paul R. Kroeger, DIo Sirk, Hein Steinhauer) Vamarasi, Marit, 1999, Grammatical relations in Bahasa Indonesia Pacific Linguistics is a publisher specialising in grammars and linguistic descriptions, dictionaries and other materials on languages of the Pacific, the Philippines, Indonesia, Southeast and South Asia, and Australia. Pacific Linguistics, established in 1963 through an initial grant from the Hunter Douglas Fund, is associated with the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies at The Australian National University. The Editorial Board of Pacific Linguistics is made up of the academic staff of the School's Department of Linguistics. -
East Flores Witness Something Truly Majestic®
East Flores Witness Something Truly Majestic® thth 8SAFARI Page 1 The Mystical Archipelago of Lembata & Alor Venture to the isolated archipelago where its myth, culture and wilderness are lost in time. Legend has it that after a particularly long drought in the Dolabang Village at Pura Island, a local man, Olangki, made a journey to Reta Village to borrow rice. The following year, while on way to return the borrowed rice, he saw a pig on the top of Maru Mountain. He tried, but failed, to slay the pig. In his despair, he asked for help from Dewa “God” to give him water and in return he would give away his daughter, “Bui”. The sky turned dark and with it came a big rain which flooded the village. After he gave his daughter to the God, the rain stopped. After a year, the villagers had enough food and water to live on. They celebrated their good fortune with the Lego-Lego Dance and invited Bui to join them. Bui was believed to be married to the God of the mountain. While dancing, Bui asked her mother to take care of her baby that was wrapped in a blanket. She told her mother not to open the blanket. Despite her request, the mother opened the blanket and found a big red fish. She could not resist eating one of the eyes. When Bui discovered that the mother had hurt her baby, she ran and locked herself inside Bitu Era cave at the top of the mountain. She promised herself that there would be no more hunger and thirst for her family and village. -
Appositive Possession in Ainu and Around the Pacific
Appositive possession in Ainu and around the Pacific Anna Bugaeva1,2, Johanna Nichols3,4,5, and Balthasar Bickel6 1 Tokyo University of Science, 2 National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics, Tokyo, 3 University of California, Berkeley, 4 University of Helsinki, 5 Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 6 University of Zü rich Abstract: Some languages around the Pacific have multiple possessive classes of alienable constructions using appositive nouns or classifiers. This pattern differs from the most common kind of alienable/inalienable distinction, which involves marking, usually affixal, on the possessum and has only one class of alienables. The language isolate Ainu has possessive marking that is reminiscent of the Circum-Pacific pattern. It is distinctive, however, in that the possessor is coded not as a dependent in an NP but as an argument in a finite clause, and the appositive word is a verb. This paper gives a first comprehensive, typologically grounded description of Ainu possession and reconstructs the pattern that must have been standard when Ainu was still the daily language of a large speech community; Ainu then had multiple alienable class constructions. We report a cross-linguistic survey expanding previous coverage of the appositive type and show how Ainu fits in. We split alienable/inalienable into two different phenomena: argument structure (with types based on possessibility: optionally possessible, obligatorily possessed, and non-possessible) and valence (alienable, inalienable classes). Valence-changing operations are derived alienability and derived inalienability. Our survey classifies the possessive systems of languages in these terms. Keywords: Pacific Rim, Circum-Pacific, Ainu, possessive, appositive, classifier Correspondence: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2 1. -
Loss of Morphology in Alorese (Austronesian): Simplification in Adult Language Contact
journal of language contact 12 (2019) 378-403 brill.com/jlc Loss of Morphology in Alorese (Austronesian): Simplification in Adult Language Contact Francesca R. Moro Leiden University [email protected] Abstract This paper discusses historical and ongoing morphological simplification in Alorese, an Austronesian language spoken in eastern Indonesia. From comparative evidence, it is clear that Alorese lost almost all of its morphology over several hundred years as a consequence of language contact (Klamer, 2012, to appear). By providing both lin- guistic and cultural-historical evidence, this paper shows that Alorese has historically undergone morphological simplification as a result of second language (L2) learning. The first part of the paper presents a case study comparing the use of subject agree- ment prefixes in Alorese L1 speakers (n=6) and Alorese L2 speakers (n=12). The results show that L2 speakers deviate from the native norm, and tend to use one prefix as default agreement. The variation found among L2 speakers reveals an ongoing change possibly leading to the restructuring of the Alorese agreement system. The second part of the paper applies models of linguistic change (Kusters, 2003; Trudgill, 2011) to the Alorese community and shows that Alorese has been, and still is, spoken in a com- munity with a large number of L2 speakers, where morphological simplification is ex- pected to occur. Keywords austronesian – simplification – L2 speakers – subject agreement – morphology © francesca r. moro, 2019 | doi:10.1163/19552629-01202005 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the prevailing cc-by-nc License at the time of publication. -
Object Verbs: Link from Timor-Alor- Pantar to Trans-New-Guinea
Object verbs: link from Timor-Alor- Pantar to Trans-New-Guinea An exploration of their typological and historical implications Glenn Alan Windschuttel BSc(Adv Maths)/BA(Hons)(Sydney) A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics September 2018 This research was supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarship ii STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY I hereby certify that the work embodied in the thesis is my own work, conducted under normal supervision. The thesis contains no material which has been accepted, or is being examined, for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made. I give consent to the final version of my thesis being made available worldwide when deposited in the University’s Digital Repository, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968 and any approved embargo. Glenn Windschuttel iii Abstract The languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar (TAP) are notable for their object agreement prefixes. Previously, this has been highlighted because this exists largely without subject agreement (a rare pattern crosslinguistically; Klamer 2014, Siewierska 2011) and the proliferation of different prefix series and the semantics they express (Fedden et al 2014, 2013, Kratochvíl 2011, inter alia). One particular feature has not raised much comment, despite its rarity and difficulties it raises for syntactic theory (Chumakina & Bond 2016): object agreement is only obligatory for a lexical class of transitive verbs. -
East Nusantara: Typological and Areal Analyses Pacific Linguistics 618
East Nusantara: typological and areal analyses Pacific Linguistics 618 Pacific Linguistics is a publisher specialising in grammars and linguistic descriptions, dictionaries and other materials on languages of the Pacific, Taiwan, the Philippines, Indonesia, East Timor, southeast and south Asia, and Australia. Pacific Linguistics, established in 1963 through an initial grant from the Hunter Douglas Fund, is associated with the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies at The Australian National University. The authors and editors of Pacific Linguistics publications are drawn from a wide range of institutions around the world. Publications are refereed by scholars with relevant expertise, who are usually not members of the editorial board. FOUNDING EDITOR: Stephen A. Wurm EDITORIAL BOARD: John Bowden and I Wayan Arka (Managing Editors), Mark Donohue, Nicholas Evans, David Nash, Andrew Pawley, Malcolm Ross, Paul Sidwell, Jane Simpson, and Darrell Tryon EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD: Karen Adams, Arizona State University Marian Klamer, Universiteit Leiden Alexander Adelaar, University of Melbourne Harold Koch, The Australian National Peter Austin, School of Oriental and African University Studies Frantisek Lichtenberk, University of Byron Bender, University of Hawai‘i Auckland Walter Bisang, Johannes Gutenberg- John Lynch, University of the South Pacific Universität Mainz Patrick McConvell, Australian Institute of Robert Blust, University of Hawai‘i Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander David Bradley, La Trobe University Studies Lyle Campbell, University of Utah William McGregor, Aarhus Universitet James Collins, Universiti Kebangsaan Ulrike Mosel, Christian-Albrechts- Malaysia Universität zu Kiel Bernard Comrie, Max Planck Institute for Claire Moyse-Faurie, Centre National de la Evolutionary Anthropology Recherche Scientifique Soenjono Dardjowidjojo, Universitas Atma Bernd Nothofer, Johann Wolfgang Goethe- Jaya Universität Frankfurt am Main Matthew Dryer, State University of New York Bambang Kaswanti Purwo, Universitas Atma at Buffalo Jaya Jerold A. -
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THE ASSIMILATION OF* LOAN WORDS IN MASAL ITT John Tees Edgar A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of London 1988 - 1 - BIBL. LONDIN. UNIV ProQuest Number: 11010338 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 11010338 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 I ^ 'f /I OJ' i I Dedicat ion For my mother and my sister - 3 - A B S T R A C T "The assimilation of loan words in Masai it" This is a study of the assimilation patterns and processes of Arabic words adopted into the Masai it language. The Masai it, a settled people numbering between one and two hundred thousand, live in Dar Masai it, the western district of Dar Fur, Sudan and in eastern Wadai, Chad. Most are peasant farmers, growing millet as their staple food and keeping goats, sheep and occasionally cows. Their language belongs to the Maba group (belonging to Greenberg's postulated Nilo-Saharan phylum. Many Masalit are bilingual in Masalit and Colloquial Arabic, some do not speak Masalit at all. -
Abui Stokhof, W
CURRENT STATUS OF LANGUAGE DOCUMENTATION IN THE ALOR ARCHIPELAGO František KRATOCHVÍL Nanyang Technological University 1 Friday, February 17, 12 OUTLINE OF THE PAPER Introduction Early sources (1500-1950) • Pigafetta (1512) • Dutch administrators and travellers (Van Galen) • Cora Du Bois and M. M. Nicolspeyer (1930’s) 1970’s • Stokhof and Steinhauer 2000+’s • Mark Donohue (1997, 1999), Doug Marmion (fieldwork on Kui), Asako Shiohara (Kui) • Haan 2001 (U of Sydney) • Linguistic Variation in Eastern Indonesia project • Gary Holton • EuroBabel project 2 Friday, February 17, 12 GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION 3 Friday, February 17, 12 LINGUISTIC SITUATION (NOT SUPPORTED IN HOLTON ET AL. 2012) 4 Friday, February 17, 12 LINGUISTIC SITUATION 5 Friday, February 17, 12 Introduction Synchronic distribution Linguistic Situation Diachronic development Historical profile Discussion and Conclusion Typological profile References Historical characteristics of AP group LINGUISTIC SITUATION 1. Papuan outlier (some 1000 km from the New Guinea mainland) 2. tentatively linked with Trans New Guinea (TNG) family - western Bomberai peninsula languages (Ross 2005) based on pronominal evidence >>> not supported in Holton et al 2012 3. small languages (max. 20,000 speakers, some < 1,000) 4. surrounded by Austronesian languages 5. long history of genetic admixture (Mona et al. 2009) 6. possibly long-lasting language contact and linguistic convergence (Holton et al. to appear) Frantiöek Kratochvíl et al. Pronominal systems in AP languages 8/77 6 Friday, February 17, 12 Introduction Synchronic distribution Linguistic Situation Diachronic development Historical profile Discussion and Conclusion Typological profile References Grammatical characteristicsLINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS of the AP group 1. head-final and head-marking 2. great variation in alignment types: ranging from nom-acc (Haan 2001; Klamer 2010) to fluid semantic alignment (Klamer 2008; Donohue and Wichmann 2008; Kratochvíl to appear; Schapper 2011b) 3. -
A Tale of Narrative Annexation Stories from Kisar Island (Southwest Maluku, Indonesia)
PB Wacana Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016) Aone van EngelenhovenWacana Vol. and 17 Nazarudin No. 2 (2016):, A 191–231 tale of narrative annexation 191 A tale of narrative annexation Stories from Kisar Island (Southwest Maluku, Indonesia) Aone van Engelenhoven and Nazarudin Abstract1 This paper discusses strategies of appropriation of narrative heritage in literate and narrative histories on the island of Kisar. It shows that notwithstanding their sometimes literate characteristics, storytelling in competitive contexts still follows strategies that are typical for oral performances. This paper questions in how far literate and narrative historiographies can and ought to be separated from each other in Southwest Maluku. 1 This paper has been written in the framework of the project The Orphans of the Dutch East Indies Company, funded by The Dutch Culture Centre for International Cooperation. We like to thank Gerlov van Engelenhoven, Charles Katipana, and Geert Snoeijer for the much needed discussions and reflections. Of course, we are the only ones to blame for any shortcomings in the text. Aone van Engelenhoven is assistant professor in Southeast Asian Linguistics at the Leiden University Centre for Linguistics (LUCL) and the School of Asian Studies at the Leiden Institute of Area Studies (LIAS), both at Leiden University, the Netherlands. His main research interests are descriptive linguistics, sociolinguistics, and oral tradition in East Indonesia, East Timor, and the Malukan community in the Netherlands. His most recent publications are “Kasi and bikin; Two causative strategies in Melayu Tenggara Jauh (Southwest Maluku, Indonesia)”, Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia 16/1 (2015): 80-104 and (with Maaike van Naerssen) “Southeastern Asia; Diglossia and politeness in a multilingual context”, in: D.