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Germany from Luther to Bismarck
University of California at San Diego HIEU 132 GERMANY FROM LUTHER TO BISMARCK Fall quarter 2009 #658659 Class meets Tuesdays and Thursdays from 2 until 3:20 in Warren Lecture Hall 2111 Professor Deborah Hertz Humanities and Social Science Building 6024 534 5501 Readers of the papers and examinations: Ms Monique Wiesmueller, [email protected]. Office Hours: Wednesdays 1:30 to 3 and by appointment CONTACTING THE PROFESSOR Please do not contact me by e-mail, but instead speak to me before or after class or on the phone during my office hour. I check the mailbox inside of our web site regularly. In an emergency you may contact the assistant to the Judaic Studies Program, Ms. Dorothy Wagoner at [email protected]; 534 4551. CLASSROOM ETIQUETTE. Please do not eat in class, drinks are acceptable. Please note that you should have your laptops, cell phones, and any other devices turned off during class. Students do too much multi-tasking for 1 the instructor to monitor. Try the simple beauty of a notebook and a pen. If so many students did not shop during class, you could enjoy the privilege of taking notes on your laptops. Power point presentations in class are a gift to those who attend and will not be available on the class web site. Attendance is not taken in class. Come to learn and to discuss. Class texts: All of the texts have been ordered with Groundworks Books in the Old Student Center and have been placed on Library Reserve. We have a systematic problem that Triton Link does not list the Groundworks booklists, but privileges the Price Center Bookstore. -
Mitteilungen Für Die Presse
Read the speech online: www.bundespraesident.de Page 1 of 6 Federal President Frank-Walter Steinmeier at the inauguration of the Robert-Blum-Saal with artworks depicting Germany’s history of democracy at Schloss Bellevue on 9 November 2020 According to legend, the last words of Robert Blum were “I die for freedom, may my country remember me.” He was executed – shot – by imperial military forces on 9 November 1848, one day before his 41st birthday. The German democrat and champion for freedom, one of the most well-known members of the Frankfurt National Assembly, thus died on a heap of sand in Brigittenau, a Viennese suburb. The bullets ended the life of a man who had fought tirelessly for a Germany unified in justice and in freedom – as a political publicist, publisher and founder of the Schillerverein in Leipzig, as a parliamentarian in the Paulskirche in Frankfurt, and finally with a gun in his hand on the barricades in Vienna. To the very last, Robert Blum fought for a German nation-state in the republican mould, legitimised by parliamentary structures. He campaigned for a brand of democracy in which civil liberties and human rights were accorded to one and all. And he fought for a Europe in which free peoples should live together in peace, from France to Poland and to Hungary. His death on 9 November 1848 marked one of the many turning points in our history. By executing the parliamentarian Robert Blum, the princes and military commanders of the Ancien Régime demonstrated their power and sent an unequivocal message to the Paulskirche National Assembly. -
Robert Blum Und Die Burschenschaft
Robert Blum und die Burschenschaft von Harald Lönnecker Koblenz 2006 Dateiabruf unter: www.burschenschaft.de Dateiabruf unter: www.burschenschaft.de Robert Blum und die Burschenschaft* von Harald Lönnecker In der Einleitung zur Verfassungsurkunde der Jenaischen Burschenschaft vom Juni 1815 heißt es: „Nur solche Verbindungen, die auf den Geist gegründet sind, auf welchen überhaupt nur Verbindungen gegründet sein sollten, auf den Geist, der uns das sichern kann, was uns nächst Gott das Heiligste und Höchste sein soll, nämlich Freiheit und Selbständigkeit des Vaterlands, nur solche Verbindungen benennen wir mit dem Namen einer Burschenschaft.“1 Die Burschenschaft war die Avantgarde der deutschen Nationalbewegung. Sie wurzelte in den Freiheitskriegen, stand unter dem Einfluß von Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, Ernst Moritz Arndt und Johann Gottlieb Fichte, war geprägt durch eine idealistische Volkstumslehre, christliche Erweckung und patriotische Freiheitsliebe. Diese antinapoleonische Nationalbewegung deutscher Studenten war politische Jugendbewegung und die erste gesamtnationale Organisation des deutschen Bürgertums überhaupt, die 1817 mit dem Wartburgfest die erste gesamtdeutsche Feier ausrichtete und mit rund 3.000 Mitgliedern 1818/19 etwa ein Drittel der Studentenschaft des Deutschen Bundes umfaßte.2 Die zur nationalen Militanz neigende Burschenschaft, zu einem Gutteil hervorgegangen aus dem Lützowschen Freikorps, setzte ihr nationales Engagement in neue soziale Lebensformen um, die das Studentenleben von Grund auf reformierten. Aber nicht nur das: Die Studenten begriffen die Freiheitskriege gegen Napoleon als einen Zusammenhang von innerer Reform, innenpolitischem Freiheitsprogramm und * Zuerst in: Bundesarchiv (Hg.), Martina Jesse, Wolfgang Michalka (Bearb.), „Für Freiheit und Fortschritt gab ich alles hin.“ Robert Blum (1807-1848). Visonär – Demokrat – Revolutionär, Berlin 2006, S. 113-121. 1Paul Wentzcke, Geschichte der Deutschen Burschenschaft, Bd. -
FRENCH KLEINDEUT8CH POLICY in 1848. the University Of
This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 6 8» 724 CHASTAIN, James Garvin, 1939- FRENCH KLEINDEUT8CH POLICY IN 1848. The University of Oklahoma, Ph.D., 1967 History, modern University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan ©COPYRIGHT BY JAMES GARVIN CHASTAIN 1968 THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE FRENCH KLEINDEUTSCH POLICY IN 1848 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY JAMES GARVIN CHASTAIN Norman, Oklahoma 1967 FRENCH KLEINDEUTSCH POLICY IN 1848 APPROVED BY A • l \ ^ DISSERTATION COMMITTEE PREFACE This work is the outgrowth of an interest in French Diplomatic History and 1848 which I experienced under the questioning encourage ment of Professor Brison D. Gooch. I have especially appreciated the helpful suggestions of Professor William Savage. I am indebted to Professors William H. Maehl and Kenneth I, Dailey for their demanding insistence on detail and fact which balanced an earlier training in broad generalization by Professors H. Stuart Hughes, John Gaus and Herbert Spiro. For the idea of the French missionary feeling to export liberty, which characterized Lamartine and Bastide, the two French Foreign Ministers of 1848, I must thank the stimulating sem inar at the University of Munich with Dr. Hubert Rumpel, To all of these men I owe a deep gratitude in helping me to understand history and the men that have guided politics. I want to thank the staff of the French Archives of the Min istry of Foreign Affairs, which was always efficient, helpful and friendly even in the heat of July. Mr. -
Die Deutschen
Die Deutschen Dokumentarreihe in zehn Folgen Ab 26. Oktober 2008 sonntags um 19.30 Uhr und dienstags um 20.15 Uhr Materialien für den Unterricht – Folge 8: Robert Blum und die Revolution Die Deutschen - Folge 8: Robert Blum und die Revolution 1. Inhalt des Films Im Mittelpunkt der achten Folge der Serie „Die Deutschen“ steht die Revolution von 1848/49. Thematisiert werden kurz die Ursachen, ausführlicher dagegen Verlauf und Begleiterscheinungen sowie die Folgen. Eng verknüpft werden die Ereignisse mit einem wichtigen Protagonisten der damaligen Zeit, dem Revolutionär Robert Blum (1807-1848), einer Symbolfigur der demokratischen Bewegung in Deutschland. Die wichtigsten Schauplätze sind Leipzig, der deutsche Südwesten, Berlin, Frankfurt am Main und schließlich Wien, wo Blum am 9. November 1848 erschossen wurde. Die Verkündung und der Vollzug des Todesurteils bilden die Rahmenhandlung der achten Folge. Die Darstellung beginnt mit einer Szene, die Robert Blum in einer Gefängniszelle beim Schreiben des Abschiedsbriefes an seine Ehefrau Eugenie, genannt „Jenny“, (geb. 1810) zeigt. Bevor das Todesurteil vollstreckt wird, erfolgt ein Rückblick in das Leipzig des Jahres 1844, wo Blum seit 1832 am Stadttheater beschäftigt und wegen eines kritischen Zeitungsartikels schon einmal verhaftet worden war. Als Autor und Herausgeber der regimekritischen Zeitung „Sächsische Vaterlandsblätter“ versuchte er seine Kritik gegen die erstarrte Herrschaftsordnung in den deutschen Ländern durch die Zensur zu bringen. Damit wird auf die innenpolitische Situation -
History of the German Struggle for Liberty
' / ~l HISTORY OF TJHE if GERMAN STRUGGLE FOR LIBERTY/ LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIC6O if03 WILLIAM THE CHEAT HISTORY OF THE GERMAN STRUGGLE FOR LIBERTY M. UNIV. YALE HON. MEMBER ROYAL A. (HON. CAUSA) ; UNITED SERVICE LIFE MEMBER AMERICAN HISTORICAL INST., LONDON ; ASSOCIATION HON. MEMBER ROYAL ARTILLERY INSTITUTION, WOOLWICH ILLUSTRATED WITH PORTRAITS - IN (THREE^VOLUMES VOL. III. 1815-1848 NEW YORK AND LONDON HARPER & BROTHERS PUBLISHERS 1903 Copyright, 1903, by HAKPKK & BBOTHKM. All riokti nuntd. Published September, 1903. THIS BOOK I DEDICATE TO THE MEMORY OF THE MANY NOBLE GERMANS who have suffered prison, exile, and death in order that their country might be United and Free. CONTENTS OF VOL. Ill I. AFTER WATERLOO 1 II. THE STUDENTS LIGHT SOME DANGEROUS FIRES ON THE WARTBURG 7 III. PRUSSIA SORELY IN NEED OF MONEY 21 IV. THE GERMAN EMPIRE COMMENCES TO TAKE FORM 29 V. BIRTH AND EARLY PRIVATIONS OF ROBERT BLUM . 35 VI. PROFESSOR AND POLITICIAN 44 VII. A CHRISTIAN SPIRIT IN GERMANY 48 VIII. DEMOCRACY AND SCHOLARSHIP 55 IX. POETRY, Music, AND PATRIOTISM 58 X. NATIONAL ART 68 ""* XI. THE EARLY YEARS OF TURNVATER JAHN .... 72 XII. STUDENT AND FIGHTER 80 POPULARIZES THE MODERN TURNS* *^~ XIII. JAHN 90 XIV. METTERNICH DECLARES TURNEN TO BE TREASON . 97 ^ XV. JAHN'S IMPRISONMENT AND DEATH 101 XVI. AIX-LA-CHAPELLE (1818) AND THE HOLY ALLIANCE 115 XVII. PRUSSIAN FREE-TRADE, 1818 123 XVIII. THE FIRST GERMAN EMPEROR EARLY YEARS . 135 XIX. JULIE KRUDENER AND THE CZAR 145 XX. THEOLOGY PATRIOTISM ASSASSINATION .... 156 XXI. CARLSBAD DECREES, 1819 173 XXII. PRUSSIA WELCOMES THE CARLSBAD DECREES . -
Final Copy 2019 11 28 Zhou
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Tai, T Title: Visions of the Teuton Perceptions of Germany and the German in mid-nineteenth century England General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. Visions of the Teuton: Perceptions of Germany and the German in mid-nineteenth century England Tai Teng Zhou A dissertation submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements for award of the degree of PhD in the Faculty of Arts, Department of Historical Studies, 2/6/19 78,007 words 1 Abstract This thesis examines mid-nineteenth century perceptions of Germany in the minds of English thinkers, writers, and journalists. -
Church Unity, Luther Memory, and Ideas of the German Nation, 1817-1883
That All May be One? Church Unity, Luther Memory, and Ideas of the German Nation, 1817-1883 Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Landry, Stan Michael Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 23/09/2021 16:04:45 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193760 THAT ALL MAY BE ONE? CHURCH UNITY, LUTHER MEMORY, AND IDEAS OF THE GERMAN NATION, 1817-1883 by STAN MICHAEL LANDRY _____________________ A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2010 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we Certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Stan Michael Landry entitled: "That All May be One? ChurCh Unity, Luther Memory, and Ideas of the German Nation, 1817-1883" and reCommend that it be aCCepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _________________________________________________________________________________ Date: 8 Feb. 2010 Susan A. Crane _________________________________________________________________________________ Date: 8 Feb. 2010 Susan Karant-Nunn _________________________________________________________________________________ Date: 8 Feb. 2010 Peter W. Foley Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final Copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby Certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direCtion and reCommend that it be aCCepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. -
Robert Blum: Ein Deutscher Revolutionär 1807-1848'
H-German Sperber on Reichel, 'Robert Blum: Ein deutscher Revolutionär 1807-1848' Review published on Tuesday, November 11, 2008 Peter Reichel. Robert Blum: Ein deutscher Revolutionär 1807-1848. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2007. 232 pp. (cloth), ISBN 978-3-525-36136-8. Reviewed by Jonathan Sperber Published on H-German (November, 2008) Commissioned by Eve M. Duffy Popularizing a Popular Forty-Eighter The beginning of the twenty-first century brings with it the onset of bicentennial commemorations of nineteenth-century figures, institutions, and events. The two-hundredth anniversary of the birth of Robert Blum (1807-48) occurred in 2007, and this little book offers a brief life of the nineteenth- century German democrat, republican, revolutionary, and martyr. Based primarily on secondary literature, some contemporary printed primary sources, and occasional use of unpublished manuscripts, and fluidly and elegantly written for a broader public, this work by Peter Reichel evokes the events of Robert Blum's life but does not probe very deeply into their significance. The book is primarily a narration of Blum's life story. A bright, intellectual child born into a poor artisan family in Cologne, Blum escaped his social milieu through a job as a theater secretary and administrator, first in Cologne and then in Leipzig. It was in Leipzig that he first became involved in politics, developing a reputation as one of Germany's most prominentVormärz oppositional orators and political organizers. His politics moved on a steady leftward trajectory, encouraged by his affiliation with the radical German-Catholic sect. Following the outbreak of the 1848 revolution, Blum became a member of the Frankfurt pre-parliament and its committee of 50. -
Social Conflict and Political Protest in Industrializing Saxony, 1840-1860
Social Conflict and Political Protest in Industrializing Saxony, 1840-1860 Richard J. BAZILLION Saxony's rapid industrialization in the 1840s hastened the decline of its traditional manufacturing trades and thus contributed to social unrest throughout the kingdom. Overpopulation and economic recession complicated the modernization process, giving rise to the protest movements which culminated in the Revolution of 1848. In the following decade, economists in the interior ministry sought a means of smoothing the transition to an industrial society by gradually dismantling the guild organization of labour. Saxony modernized its economic institutions under the leadership of Albert Christian Weinlig, an enlightened bureaucrat determined to protect those workers threatened by technological change. After the unification of Germany, Bismarck followed a course similar to Weinlig' s, enabling a conservative social order to assimilate peacefully the industrial revolution. L' industrialisation rapide de La Saxe dans les annees 1840 accelera le declin des metiers traditionnels et ne Jut done pas etrangere au climat d' agitation sociale qui secoua toutle royaume. La surpopulation et La recession economique compliquerent ce processus de modernisation en favorisant La montee de mouvements de protestation dont le point culminant Jut La Revolution de 1848. Au cours de La decennie suivante, les economistes du ministere de l' lnterieur rechercherent les moyens de rendre moins brutale La transition cl une societe industrielle en demantelant graduellement le systeme des corporations. La Saxe modernisa ses institutions economiques sous le leadership d'Albert Christian Weinlig, un ministre eclaire determine cl proteger les travailleurs menaces par les changements technologiques. Apres l' unification de l'Allemagne, Bismarck suivit une voie semblable cl celle de Weinlig, ce qui permit cl un ordre social conservateur d' assimiler pacifiquement La revolution industrielle. -
Comparative Constitutional Law at Germany’S National Assembly in 1848-1849
How American Ideas Traveled: Comparative Constitutional Law at Germany’s National Assembly in 1848-1849 Bernd J. Hartmann* I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................24 II. PRELUDE TO THE CONVENTION: THE HISTORY OF THE REVOLUTION .......................................................................................26 A. Precursors in Europe..................................................................26 B. German Revolution of 1848......................................................28 III. NATIONAL ASSEMBLY AT FRANKFURT’S PAULSKIRCHE......................30 A. Evolution and Election ..............................................................30 B. Political and Demographic Composition..................................31 IV. DEBATE OVER THE CONSTITUTION......................................................34 A. Basis for References to American Constitutionalism...............34 B. Examples of References to American Constitutionalism ........40 1. Rules of Procedure............................................................41 2. Republic or Monarchy ......................................................42 3. Democratic Elections........................................................44 4. Bill of Rights .....................................................................46 5. Federalism .........................................................................47 a. Legislative Branch: Federal and State Lawmaking ............................................................49 -
The Kingdom of Wurttenmerg and the Making of Germany, 1815-1871
Te Kingdom of Württemberg and the Making of Germany, 1815-1871. Bodie Alexander Ashton School of History and Politics Discipline of History Te University of Adelaide Submitted for the postgraduate qualification of Doctor of Philosophy (History) May 2014 For Kevin and Ric; and for June, Malcolm and Kristian. Contents Abstract vii Acknowledgements ix List of Abbreviations xi Notes xiii Introduction 15 Chapter 1 35 States and Nation in the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Century Chapter 2 67 Stuttgart and Vienna before 1848 Chapter 3 93 Te Kingdom of Württemberg and Early Kleindeutschland Chapter 4 123 Independence and South German Particularism, 1815-1848 Chapter 5 159 Te Years of Prophecy and Change, 1848-1849 Chapter 6 181 Counterrevolution, Reaction and Reappraisals, 1850-1859 Chapter 7 207 Six Years of Autumn: 1860-1866 Chapter 8 251 Te Unification of Germany, 1866-1871 Conclusion 295 Bibliography 305 ABSTRACT _ THE TRADITIONAL DISCOURSE of the German unification maintains that it was the German great powers - Austria and Prussia - that controlled German destiny, yet for much of this period Germany was divided into some thirty-eight states, each of which possessed their own institutions and traditions. In explaining the formation of Germany, the orthodox view holds that these so-called Mittel- and Kleinstaaten existed largely at the whim of either Vienna or Berlin, and their policies, in turn, were dictated or shaped by these two power centres. According to this reading of German history, a bipolar sociopolitical structure existed, whereby the Mittelstaaten would declare their allegiances to either the Habsburg or Hohenzollern crowns. Te present work rejects this model of German history, through the use of the case study of the southwestern Kingdom of Württemberg.