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LCC5 CONLANG RELAY — ITHKUIL TEXT: AIFQLAL ÖMMOL Âmmël Tê
LCC5 CONLANG RELAY — ITHKUIL TEXT: AIFQLAL ÖMMOL Âmmël tê, iekawel tiö. Ikàmküz iam-mra ârtwail mmëu’a Ĝi smî’âškôx. Iefqlaromdi ük ho kai’ál. Š. Ailayël egbulak –çoe, aumrawelönar vyelíup qü. Iek’amtoçqár isvala Ħ qo ârtwel kî. Hmuqwat Ĝara č’ óext’ai’l. Hra Ŝnasar –qawe smâ’âškôx. Eswilúk xas –ça hmaigralî Ħ uqwot Ĝukt –č’içewa. Ke uqwat ĜaĦ ia Ńt’aluib eswolúk. Š. Epšal oqwas uqwêt Ĝ óek hwai’l. Aigrawelönar –qowe ocetip. Uqwat Ĝ vyaliup. Vyaliupi’m! Hmi čhal ko ârtwala Ħ lt heĜ mmêĜ. –Ça vyaliup. Ti xat hint. Aigrayëlint to uqwiat Ĝ óek hwai’l _ip’ayûluc’ar ek ho ítu’liu Ń ke. Âmmël tê, auntawél –ça: –aigrayëlar ko uqwet Ĝ óek hwai’l –ieçtraluc’ –qowe. Snalakir uqwat Ĝ áugrala řo. Âdhayëlilliud uqwit Ĝipt, augrayûluc’ eqolekt –qewe. Augrayûl qo –qewe. Az, âmmël tê, aukawél ârtwail kî áula’al ku ltweol. Ir! HELPFUL NOTES • Default word order is VSO or VOS. Placement of a noun before the verb gives it semantic focus. Placement of a noun at the beginning of a sentence topicalizes it. • Ithkuil nominal formatives (i.e., nouns) mandatorily inflect for eight morphological categories, while verbal formatives (i.e., verbs) mandatorily inflect for 22 categories. However, the majority of these categories are often in their default/baseline modes which are unmarked. In order to simplify the intralinears below, I have not indicated unmarked categories, and for default categories that are marked but do not impact the semantics, I have indicated these by empty brackets [ ]. • Many Ithkuil affixes are portmanteau in nature, i.e., combining many separate morphemes into a single affix. -
A Brief Introduction to Constructed Languages
A Brief Introduction to Constructed Languages An essay by Laurier Rochon Piet Zwart Institute : June 2011 3750 words Abstract The aim of this essay will be to provide a general overview of what is considered a "constructed language" (also called conlang, formalized language or artificial language) and explore some similarities, differences and specific properties that set these languages apart from natural languages. This essay is not meant to be an exhaustive repertoire of all existing conlangs, nor should it be used as reference material to explain or dissect them. Rather, my intent is to explore and distill meaning from particular conlangs subjectively chosen for their proximity to my personal research practice based on empirical findings I could infer from their observation and brief use. I will not tackle the task of interpreting the various qualities and discrepancies of conlangs within this short study, as it would surely consist of an endeavour of its own. It should also be noted that the varying quality of documentation available for conlangs makes it difficult to find either peer-reviewed works or independent writings on these subjects. As a quick example, many artistic languages are conceived and solely used by the author himself/herself. This person is obviously the only one able to make sense of it. This short study will not focus on artlangs, but one would understand the challenge in analyzing such a creation: straying away from the beaten path affords an interesting quality to the work, but also renders difficult a precise analytical study of it. In many ways, I have realized that people involved in constructing languages are generally engaging in a fringe activity which typically does not gather much attention - understandably so, given the supremacy of natural languages in our world. -
Inventors and Devotees of Artificial Languages
From SIAM News, Volume 43, Number 5, June 2010 Inventors and Devotees of Artificial Languages In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Klingon Poets, Loglan Lovers, and The Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build a Perfect Language. By Arika Okrent, Spiegel and Grau, New York, 2009, 352 pages, $26.00. In the Land of Invented Languages is a remarkably entertaining historical survey of artificial languages and their inventors, from the Lingua Ignota of Hildegard von Bingen in the 12th century through Esperanto and, more recently, Klingon. The depth of the research is impressive. The author, Arika Okrent, attended conferences in Esperanto, Loglan, and Klingon, among others; hunted up obscure self-published tomes available only in a few rare book rooms; worked through scores of these languages in enough depth to translate BOOK REVIEW passages into them; and interviewed hundreds of people, both language inventors and enthusiasts, getting to know many By Ernest Davis of them well. One of the book’s two appendices lists 500 artificial languages; the other offers translations of the Lord’s Prayer into 17 languages and of the Story of Babel into another 11. The text contains samples from many more languages, carefully explained and analyzed. Nonetheless, the book wears its learning very lightly; it is delightfully personal, and as readable as a novel. It is in fact as much about the histories of the inventors and devotees of the languages as about the languages themselves; these histories are mostly strange and often sad. Invented languages can be categorized by the purposes of their inventors. -
Why Esperanto?
Fiat Lingua Title: The Contemporary Esperanto Speech Community Author: Adelina Solis MS Date: 01-12-2013 FL Date: 01-01-2013 FL Number: FL-000010-01 Citation: Solis, Adelina. 2013. “The Contemporary Esperanto Speech Community.” FL-000010-01, Fiat Lingua, <http:// fiatlingua.org>. Web. 01 Jan. 2013. Copyright: © 2013 Adelina Solis. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Fiat Lingua is produced and maintained by the Language Creation Society (LCS). For more information about the LCS, visit http://www.conlang.org/ The Contemporary Esperanto Speech Community by Adelina Mariflor Solís Montúfar 1 Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 3 1.1 Definitions 4 1.2 Political support for a universal language 5 1.3 A brief history of language invention 9 1.4 A brief history of Esperanto 14 1.5 The construction, structure, and dissemination of Esperanto 17 1.6 Esperanto and the culture question 24 1.7 Research Methods 29 Chapter 2: Who Speaks Esperanto? 34 2.1 Number and distribution of speakers 34 2.2 Gender distribution 47 Chapter 3: The Esperanto Speech Community 58 3.1 Terminology and definitions 58 3.2 Norms and Ideologies 65 3.3 Approach to language 70 Chapter 4: Why Esperanto? 81 4.1 Ideology-based reasons to speak Esperanto 83 4.2 Practical attractions to Esperanto 86 4.3 More than friendship 94 4.4 The congress effect 95 4.5 Esperanto for the blind 100 4.6 Unexpected benefits 102 Chapter 5: Esperantist Objectives 103 5.1 Attracting new speakers 103 5.2 Teaching Esperanto 107 Chapter 6: Conclusion 116 Works Cited 121 2 Chapter 1: Introduction When we think about invented languages, we may think of childhood games. -
Complexlang: a Compact Logical Experimental Language
Complexlang: a COMPact Logical EXperimental LANGuage Kelvin M. Liu-Huang Carnegie Mellon University [email protected] Published in Proceedings of SIGBOVIK 2019 (15 March 2019) Informal revisions (27 March 2019, 29 April 2019) Abstract and learning barrier of natural languages, Natural languages trade compactness and mathematical expressions seem better in these ways. consistency for efficiency. Complexlang is an a priori, The tradeoff is, of course, that mathematical declarative, ideographic spoken/written language descriptions can be very elaborate or unwieldy. which attempts to construct/ground the semantic We attempt to address all these concerns by structure of both morphology and syntax from first constructing Complexlang. Language should ideally principles using tools provided by propositional logic, synchronize speech, writing, and comprehension in set theory, type theory, number theory, object- order to facilitate learning. Like aUI (Weilgart, 1979) oriented programming, metaphysics, linguistics, and and Arahau (Karasev, 2006), by infusing individual classical field theory. In doing so, we hypothesize letters with meaning and using phonemic that speakers may converse in Complexlang with little orthography, words have transparent and largely training and learn some math and science in the deterministic etymology; writing, speech, and process. meaning can all be inferred from each other, reducing ambiguity, speeding up learning, and even allowing efficient and deterministic creation of 1. Introduction neologisms. For simplicity, the orthography is simply Most previous constructed languages intended for the IPA symbols of the phonemes. Unlike aUI and human use set out to improve etymological integrity Arahau, Complexlang attempts to express semantics (Zamenhof, 1887), semantic clarity (Bliss, 1965; entirely through logic, specifically patterned after set Karasev, 2006; Weilgart, 1979; Quijada, 2004), theory, rather than metaphor, resulting in compact, consistency (Weilgart, 1979; Cowan, 1997; Quijada, transparent, and unambiguous expressions. -
The New Yorker 11/9/20, 9:20 PM
Utopian for Beginners | The New Yorker 11/9/20, 9:20 PM Annals of Linguistics December 24 & 31, 2012 Issue Utopian for Beginners An amateur linguist loses control of the language he invented. By Joshua Foer December 17, 2012 here are so many ways for speakers of English to see the world. We can glimpse, glance, visualize, view, look, spy, or T ogle. Stare, gawk, or gape. Peek, watch, or scrutinize. Each word suggests some subtly different quality: looking implies volition; spying suggests furtiveness; gawking carries an element of social judgment and a sense of surprise. When we try to describe an act of vision, we consider a constellation of available meanings. But if thoughts and words exist on different planes, then expression must always be an act of compromise. Languages are something of a mess. They evolve over centuries through an unplanned, democratic process that leaves them teeming with irregularities, quirks, and words like “knight.” No one who set out to design a form of communication would ever end up with anything like English, Mandarin, or any of the more than six thousand languages spoken today. “Natural languages are adequate, but that doesn’t mean they’re optimal,” John Quijada, a "fty-three-year-old former employee of the California State Department of Motor Vehicles, told me. In 2004, he published a monograph on the Internet that was titled “Ithkuil: A Philosophical Design for a Hypothetical Language.” Written like a linguistics textbook, the fourteen-page Web site ran to almost a hundred and sixty thousand words. It documented the Quijada’s invented language has two grammar, syntax, and lexicon of a language that Quijada had spent seemingly incompatible ambitions: to be three decades inventing in his spare time. -
Origins of Grammar Ebook Free Download
ORIGINS OF GRAMMAR PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Martin Edwardes | 194 pages | 22 Sep 2010 | Continuum Publishing Corporation | 9781441114389 | English | New York, United States Origins of Grammar PDF Book Explaining the difference 'Ferment' vs. In the second he considers how far the evolution of grammar depended on biological or cultural factors. The complimentary version includes the majority of the features of Premium apart from an innovative checker, a plagiarism detector and some vocabulary improvement recommendations. Origins of Language James R. The Origins of Meaning James R. The parent tongue, called Proto- Indo-European, was spoken about 5, years ago by nomads believed to have roamed the southeast European plains. Many have been designed to aid human communication such as Esperanto or the intercultural, highly logic-compatible artificial language Lojban or created as part of a work of fiction such as the Klingon language and Elvish languages. Each of these artificial languages has its own grammar. Thank you for this English knowledge. They did not limit their inquiry to literary languages but included dialects and contemporary spoken languages as well. VII, This is a delightful and thought-provoking read All seven chapters are written with clarity and felicity of style, supported by the right number of well- designed tables and figures. Below is the Control panel premium version. Online Learning. English language , West Germanic language of the Indo- European language family that is closely related to the Frisian , German , and Dutch in Belgium called Flemish languages. Noting their emphasis on linguistic universals, the contemporary linguist Noam Chomsky called the Port-Royal group the first transformational grammarians. -
Constructed Languages and Their Role in Drama
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Honors Theses and Capstones Student Scholarship Spring 2019 Constructed Languages and Their Role in Drama Emelie Vandenberg University of New Hampshire Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/honors Part of the Acting Commons, Other Theatre and Performance Studies Commons, Performance Studies Commons, and the Television Commons Recommended Citation Vandenberg, Emelie, "Constructed Languages and Their Role in Drama" (2019). Honors Theses and Capstones. 449. https://scholars.unh.edu/honors/449 This Senior Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses and Capstones by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Constructed Languages and Their Role in Drama By Emelie Vandenberg Advised by: Prof. David Richman Prof. Deborah Kinghorn 12/14/2018 Dialect is the “distinctive vocabulary and grammar of someone’s use of language” that creates a sound so unique to that person that their character and language become one (Crystal and Crystal, 2014, pg. 16). In the recent production of Brian Friel’s masterpiece, Dancing at Lughnasa, at the University of New Hampshire, we see dialect play a significant role in the differentiation between characters, how it shapes them, bonds them, and how it separates them from each other (Friel, 2013). From the ideolects of the sisters to the changed dialect of their brother, Father Jack, and the Welshman hiding from himself, Gerry Evans, we see that character is influenced by dialect and dialect reflects character. -
Bahá'í Short Obligatory Prayer in Various Constructed Languages
Bahá’í Short Obligatory Prayer in Various Constructed Languages Original Arabic ِ ِ ِ ﱠ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ْأَﺷﻬَُد ﻳﺎ إﻟﻬﻲ ﺑﺄَﻧ َك َﺧﻠَْﻘﺗَﻧ ْﻲ ﻟﻌْرﻓﺎﻧ َك َوﻋ َﺑﺎدﺗ َك، ْأَﺷﻬَُد ﻓﻲ ﻫذا ْاﻟﺣْﻳن ﺑ َﻌ ْﺟزْي َوﻗُﱠوﺗ َك َو َﺿ ْﻌ ﻔ ْﻲ َو ْاﻗﺗدار َك ِ ِ ِ ﱠ ِ َوﻓَْﻘِرْي َوَﻏﻧﺎﺋ َك، ﻻ إﻟﻪ َ إﻻ ْأَﻧ َت ُاﻟﻣﻬَْﻳﻣ ُن اﻟﻘَﱡﻳ ُوم . Authorized English Translation I bear witness, O my God, that Thou hast created me to know Thee and to worship Thee. I testify, at this moment, to my powerlessness and to Thy might, to my poverty and to Thy wealth. There is none other God but Thee, the Help in Peril, the Self-Subsisting. Esperanto Mi atestas, ho Sinjoro, mia Dio, ke Vi kreis min, por ke mi konu kaj adoru Vin. Mi atestas ĉimomente pri mia senforteco kaj pri Via Potenco, pri mia malriĉeco kaj pri Via Riĉeco. Ne ekzistas alia Dio krom Vi, la Defendanto, la Mem‐Ekzistanto. Interlingua Io testimonia, o mie Deo, que tu me ha create, pro Te cognoscer e adorar. Io testimonia in iste instante a mie debilitate e a Tie potentia, a mie paupertate e a Tie ricchessa. No existe áltere Deo salvo Tu, le adjutor en perículo, le in se mesmoexistente. Sambahsa Io schahide O mien Div od me has creen kay gnohe Te ed dyines Te, io schahide ye tod tid mien achizia ed Tien augos ed mien sliebe ed Tien force ed mien paupertat ed Tien rey, ne est div ploisko Te iom Behrger ed iom Swobod. -
Me Nem Nesa: Investigating the Reception of Constructed Languages in Different Age Groups
Beyond Philology No. 15/1, 2018 ISSN 1732-1220, eISSN 2451-1498 Me nem nesa: Investigating the reception of constructed languages in different age groups MAJA GAJEK Received 25.11.2017, received in revised form 28.06.2018, accepted 29.06.2018. Abstract The concept of artificially created languages is not new, but, owing to pop culture, it has recently received more attention. Constructed languages, or conlangs, are present in books, movies and video games, aimed at recipients of all ages. Contrary to natural languages, which emerged without conscious planning, constructed languages are designed to serve a certain purpose. There are many motives triggering the creation of new languages, from linguistic experiments and language games to making commu- nication easier. However, the most common reason behind the emer- gence of artificial languages during the last twenty years appears to be the enrichment of the world they belong to. Interestingly, the re- sponse of the audience varies depending on age. The aim of this pa- per is to examine samples of constructed languages present in recent pop culture and the effects they have on both their respective target groups and the rest of the audience. Keywords constructed language, conlang, Minionese, Atlantean, Na’vi, Dothraki 32 Beyond Philology 15/1 Me nem nesa: Badanie recepcji języków sztucznych przez różne grupy wiekowe Abstrakt Zjawisko sztucznie tworzonych języków nie jest nowe, ale dzięki pop- kulturze cieszy się ostatnio większą uwagą. Języki sztuczne, znane pod nazwą conlang, są obecne w książkach, filmach oraz grach wideo skierowanych zarówno do młodych, jak i dojrzałych odbiorców. W przeciwieństwie do języków naturalnych, które powstały bez świa- domego planowania, języki sztuczne zostały zaprojektowane przez autorów aby spełnić określony cel. -
Constructed Languages and Copyright: a Brief History and Proposal for Divorce
Harvard Journal of Law & Technology Volume 27, Number 2 Spring 2014 CONSTRUCTED LANGUAGES AND COPYRIGHT: A BRIEF HISTORY AND PROPOSAL FOR DIVORCE Michael Adelman* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 544 II. WHAT IS A CONSTRUCTED LANGUAGE? ...................................... 545 A. Classification of Constructed Languages by Their Form ........ 546 B. Classification of Constructed Languages by Their Communicative Function ....................................................... 547 III. PREVIOUS ATTEMPTS TO CONTROL CONSTRUCTED LANGUAGES VIA COPYRIGHT ....................................................... 549 A. Dr. Zamenhof Makes Esperanto the “Property of Society” .................................................................................. 550 B. Tolkien’s “Secret Vice” and Ownership of Elvish Languages .............................................................................. 551 C. Klingon and Paramount ........................................................... 553 D. The Loglan v. Lojban Dispute and a Trip to the Federal Circuit .................................................................................... 554 E. What Qualifies as Fair Use and How Does It Protect Users of Constructed Languages? ......................................... 556 IV. CONSTRUCTED LANGUAGES SHOULD BE USED FREELY AND WITHOUT FEAR OF LEGAL CONSEQUENCES ......................... 558 A. Copyright Protection Does Not Incentivize the Creation of New Constructed Languages -
In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Klingon Poets, Loglan Lovers, and the Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build a Perfect Language - by Arika Okrent
In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Klingon Poets, Loglan Lovers, and the Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build a Perfect Language - By Arika Okrent The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Graham M. Jones, review of “In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Klingon Poets, Loglan Lovers, and the Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build a Perfect Language" by Arika Okrent. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 22, no. 2 (August 4, 2012): E115- E116. As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1395.2012.01128.x Publisher John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Version Final published version Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82014 Terms of Use Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. bs_bs_banner Book Reviews E115 In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Klingon Poets, Loglan Lovers, and the Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build a Perfect Language. Arika Okrent. New York: Spiegel & Grau, 2009. 352 pp. GRAHAM M. JONES Massachusetts Institute of Technology While it is not a scholarly work, Arika Okrent’s In the Land of Invented Languages recommends itself to linguistic anthropologists on a variety of counts. An intellectual picaresque describing the author’s historical and ethnographic forays into the imaginative worlds of language inven- tors and their followers, it offers engaging examination of shifting motivations behind the production and promotion of constructed languages (conlangs).