DOCSLIB.ORG

Volume 2: Evaluation of 2020 Critical Use Nominations for Methyl Bromide and Related Issues

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Volume 2: Evaluation of 2020 Critical Use Nominations for Methyl Bromide and Related Issues MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER REPORT OF THE TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT PANEL MAY2020 VOLUME 2: EVALUATION OF 2020 CRITICAL USE NOMINATIONS FOR METHYL BROMIDE AND RELATED ISSUES INTERIM REPORT Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Report of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel May 2020 VOLUME 2: EVALUATION OF 2020 CRITICAL USE NOMINATIONS FOR METHYL BROMIDE AND RELATED ISSUES The text of this report is composed in Times New Roman. Co-ordination: Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee Composition of the report: Co-chairs: Ian Porter, Marta Pizano Reproduction: Ozone Secretariat Nairobi Date: May 2020 Under certain conditions, printed copies of this report are available from: United Nations Environment Programme Ozone Secretariat P.O. Box 30552 Nairobi, Kenya This document is also available in portable document format from: https://ozone.unep.org/science/assessment/teap No copyright involved. This publication may be freely copied, abstracted and cited, with acknowledgement of the source of the material. ISBN: 978-9966-076-82-3 MBTOC Interim CUN Recommendations – May 2020 ii Disclaimer The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP) Co-Chairs and members, and the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee (MBTOC) Co-Chairs and members, and the companies and organisations that employ them do not endorse the performance, worker safety, or environmental acceptability of any of the technical options discussed. Every industrial operation requires consideration of worker safety and proper disposal of contaminants and waste products. Moreover, as work continues - including additional toxicity evaluation - more information on health, environmental and safety effects of alternatives and replacements will become available for use in selecting among the options discussed in this document. UNEP, TEAP Co-Chairs and members, and the MBTOC Co-Chairs and members, in furnishing or distributing this information, do not make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or utility; nor do they assume any liability of any kind whatsoever resulting from the use or reliance upon any information, material, or procedure contained herein, including but not limited to any claims regarding health, safety, environmental effect or fate, efficacy, or performance, made by the source of information. Mention of any company, association, or product in this document is for information purposes only and does not constitute a recommendation of any such company, association, or product, either express or implied by UNEP, TEAP Co-Chairs and members, and the MBTOC Co-Chairs and members or the companies or organisations that employ them. Acknowledgement The Technology and Economic Assessment Panel and its Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee acknowledge with thanks the outstanding contributions from all of the individuals and organisations who provided support to Panel and Committee Co-Chairs and members. The opinions expressed are those of the Panel and the Committee and do not reflect the reviews of any sponsoring or supporting organisation. MBTOC Interim CUN Recommendations – May 2020 iii Foreword May 2020 TEAP Report The May 2020 TEAP Report consists of 3 volumes: Vol 1: 2020 Progress report Vol 2: 2020 Interim CUN assessment report Vol 3: Decision XXXI/1 – Replenishment This is Volume 2 The Technology and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP): Bella Maranion, co-chair US Roberto Peixoto BRA Marta Pizano, co-chair COL Ian Porter AUS Ashley Woodcock, co-chair UK Helen Tope AUS Paulo Altoé BRA Sidi Menad Si-Ahmed ALG Suely Machado Carvalho BRA Rajendra Shende IN Adam Chattaway UK Dan Verdonik US Marco Gonzalez CR Helen Walter-Terrinoni US Sergey Kopylov RF Shiqiu Zhang PRC Kei-ichi Ohnishi J Jianjun Zhang PRC Fabio Polonara IT The Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee: MBTOC Co-Chairs: Marta Pizano (Colombia); Ian Porter (Australia). MBTOC Members: Aocheng Cao (China); Jonathan Banks (Australia); Mohammed Besri (Morocco); Fred Bergwerff (Netherlands); Ken Glassey (New Zealand); Alfredo Gonzalez (Philippines); Rosalind James (USA); Takashi Misumi (Japan); Ayse Ozdem (Turkey); Christoph Reichmuth (Germany); Jordi Riudavets (Spain); Akio Tateya (Japan); Alejandro Valeiro (Argentina); Nick Vink (South Africa); Tim Widmer (USA) MBTOC Interim CUN Recommendations – May 2020 iv Common Acronyms 1,3-D 1,3-dichloropropene A5 Article 5 Party ASD Anaerobic soil disinfestation CUE Critical Use Exemption CUN Critical Use Nomination DMDS Dimethyl disulphide DOI Disclosure of Interest EU European Union ExMOP Extraordinary Meeting of the parties EPA Environmental Protection Agency EPPO European Plant Protection Organisation IM Iodomethane (methyl iodide) IPM Integrated Pest Management IPPC International Plant Protection Convention ISPM International Standard Phytosanitary Measure LPBF Low Permeability Barrier Film (including VIF films) MB Methyl Bromide MBTOC Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee MITC Methyl isothiocyanate MOP Meeting of the parties MS Metham (metam) sodium Non-A5 Non-Article 5 Party OEWG Open Ended Working Group Pic Chloropicrin QPS Quarantine and Pre-shipment SF Sulfuryl fluoride TEAP Technology and Economics Assessment Panel TIF Totally Impermeable Film VIF Virtually Impermeable Film VOC Volatile Organic Compounds MBTOC Interim CUN Recommendations – May 2020 v Evaluation of Critical Use Nominations for Methyl Bromide Submitted in 2020 and Related Issues Interim Report Table of Contents 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ 1 2 SCOPE OF THE REPORT ............................................................................................................................ 1 3 CRITICAL USE NOMINATIONS FOR METHYL BROMIDE ............................................................................. 3 3.1 MANDATE .......................................................................................................................................... 3 3.2 FULFILMENT OF DECISION IX/6 ............................................................................................................... 3 3.3 ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORKS FOR CRITICAL USE .......................................................................................... 3 3.4 TRENDS IN METHYL BROMIDE USE FOR CUES SINCE 2005 ............................................................................ 4 3.5 DISCLOSURE OF INTEREST ....................................................................................................................... 5 3.6 ARTICLE 5PARTYISSUES ......................................................................................................................... 8 3.7 REPORTING REQUIREMENTS AND AGREED CONDITIONS UNDER DECISION EX.1/4 ................................................ 8 3.8 CONSIDERATION OF STOCKS, DECISION EX.1/4 (9F) .................................................................................... 9 4 CUNS SUBMITTED IN THE 2020 ROUND FOR 2021AND 2022 EXEMPTIONS ........................................... 15 4.1 CRITICAL USE NOMINATION REVIEW PROCESS .......................................................................................... 15 4.2 ACHIEVING CONSENSUS ....................................................................................................................... 16 5 INTERIM EVALUATION OF 2020 CRITICAL USE NOMINATIONS FOR METHYL BROMIDE FOR PRE-PLANT SOIL USE IN 2021AND 2022 ................................................................................................................... 17 5.1 CRITICAL USE NOMINATION ASSESSMENT................................................................................................ 17 5.2 ISSUES RELATED TO CUN ASSESSMENT FOR PRE-PLANT SOIL USE ................................................................. 17 5.3 GENERAL COMMENTS ON THE ASSESSMENT FOR PRE-PLANT SOIL USE ........................................................... 18 5.4 REGISTRATION OF ALTERNATIVES FOR ALL CONTROLLED MBUSES - DECISION EX I/4 (9I) AND (9J) ...................... 18 5.5 DECISION XXV/4 REGULATIONS IMPACTING THE USE OF ALTERNATIVES ........................................................ 18 5.6 SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVES FOR PRE-PLANT USES .................................................................................... 20 5.7 STANDARD PRESUMPTIONS USED IN ASSESSMENT OF NOMINATED QUANTITIES ............................................... 20 5.8 ADJUSTMENTS FOR STANDARD DOSAGE RATES USING MB/PIC FORMULATIONS .............................................. 21 5.9 USE/EMISSION REDUCTION TECHNOLOGIES - BARRIER FILMS AND DOSAGE REDUCTION ..................................... 22 6. INTERIM EVALUATION OF CRITICAL USE NOMINATIONS OF METHYL BROMIDE FOR COMMODITIES AND STRUCTURES SUBMITTED IN 2020 FOR USE IN 2021 .............................................................................. 33 7. EMERGENCY USE APPLICATION BY CANADA ......................................................................................... 39 8. REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................................... 41 ANNEX I: DECISION IX/6. CRITICAL USE EXEMPTIONS FOR METHYL BROMIDE ..............................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Raport Tehnic Privind Metodologia Utilizată Pentru Alcătuirea Bazei
    Cod și Nume proiect: POIM 2014+ 120008 Managementul adecvat al speciilor invazive din România, în conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 referitor la prevenirea și gestionarea introducerii și răspândirii speciilor alogene invazive Raport tehnic privind metodologia utilizată pentru alcătuirea bazei de date cu căile de pătrundere identificate cel puțin pentru speciile selectate din lista DAISE – 100 of the Worst Activitatea 2.1. Căi de introducere prioritare a speciilor alogene din România Subactivitatea 2.1.1. Identificarea căilor de introducere prioritare a speciilor alogene din România Proiect cofinanțat din Fondul European de Dezvoltare Regională prin Programul Operațional Infrastructură Mare 2014-2020 Titlul proiectului: Managementul adecvat al speciilor invazive din România, în conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 referitor la prevenirea și gestionarea introducerii și răspândirii speciilor alogene invazive Cod proiect: POIM2014+ 120008 Obiectivul general al proiectului este de a crea instrumentele științifice și administrative necesare pentru managementul eficient al speciilor invazive din România, în conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 privind prevenirea si gestionarea introducerii si răspândirii speciilor alogene invazive. Data încheierii contractului: 27 noiembrie 2018 Valoarea totală a contractului: 29.507.870,54 lei Contractant: Ministerul Mediului Apelor și Pădurilor Echipa de experți: • POPA Oana Paula– Coordonator activitate / Expert specii invazive • COGĂLNICEANU Dan - Expert coordonator național specii invazive
    [Show full text]
  • Entomological and Thermo-Hygrometric Monitoring at the Angelica Library in Rome (Italy)
    Restaur. 2017; 38(2): 153–179 Giorgia Fizialetti, Alessandra Ventura, Mirella Fidomanzo and Maria Grazia Filippucci* Entomological and Thermo-Hygrometric Monitoring at the Angelica Library in Rome (Italy) DOI 10.1515/res-2016-0026 Received October 14, 2016; revised February 22, 2017; accepted April 7, 2017; previously published online May 11, 2017 Abstract: Results of entomological and thermo-hygrometric monitoring carried out at the Angelica Library in Rome are presented and discussed. Monitoring was carried out for a whole year, from April 2015 to March 2016. The purpose was to verify the possible presence of infestations of the stored goods within the building by pest species and to evaluate the possible correlation between environmental parameters found within the various areas examined and the density of the pest species found. Several pest insects were found in the library but only the beetles of the family Dermestidae can be regarded as particularly harmful and dangerous. This family was present with the genera Attagenus and Anthrenus. The presence and the frequency of other pest organisms (silverfish, booklice and isopods) can be kept under control by monitoring the environ- mental parameters. Psocottera were represented by the genera Liposcelis and Dorypteryx. More dangerous pest species such as anobiids, termites, cockroaches or rodents were not found in the library. Keywords: Insect monitoring, thermo-hygrometric monitoring, preventive conservation, integrated pest management 1 Introduction Within conservation areas it is important
    [Show full text]
  • Do It Yourself SAFE and EFFECTIVE PEST MANAGEMENT for YOUR HOME, BUSINESS OR SCHOOL Richard
    Do It Yourself SAFE AND EFFECTIVE PEST MANAGEMENT FOR YOUR HOME, BUSINESS OR SCHOOL Richard “Bugman” Fagerlund All rights reserved including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. FORWARD Every year, approximately 5.1 billion pounds of pesticides are used in the United States alone. Pesticides are intentionally toxic substances associated with birth defects, mutations, reproductive effects and cancer. Exposing our families to these pesticides makes them especially vulnerable to loss of brain function, damage to their reproductive systems, childhood leukemia, soft tissue sarcoma, neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, non­Hodgkins lymphoma, brain cancer, colorectal cancer and testes cancer. Many "inert" ingredients found in pesticides are suspected carcinogens and have been linked to central nervous system disorders, liver and kidney damage, birth defects and many other serious threats to our health. The warning label on Roundup is 10 pages alone! So why do we continue to use them? Is it possible the loss of brain function associated with pesticide use is what is driving our decision to continue using them? 5.1 billion pounds are being dumped on our gardens, lawns, trees, shrubs, and making their way into our rivers, our water supply, our food supply and our bodies. We are slowly poisoning ourselves and our environment. 96% of all fish analyzed in major rivers and streams contain residues of one or several pesticides. 100% of all surface water contains one or more pesticides. Pesticides, and especially herbicides, are contaminating our water supply. Removal is costly and difficult, and not always 100% effective. Pesticides are suspected to be the cause of amphibian declines and mutations as well as the rapid decline of our most important pollinator, the honey bee.
    [Show full text]
  • Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete The
    Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee 2018 Assess ment Report Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer Ozone Secretariat MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER 2018 REPORT OF THE METHYL BROMIDE TECHNICAL OPTIONS COMMITTEE 2018 Assessment Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) 2018 Report of the Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee 2018 Assessment The text of this report is composed mainly in Times New Roman. Composition of the Report: Methyl Bromide Technical Option Committee Coordination: Marta Pizano, Ian Porter, MBTOC Co-Chairs. Final editing and layout: Marta Pizano, Ian Porter, MBTOC co-chairs Reproduction: Ozone Secretariat, Nairobi Date: January, 2019 Under certain conditions, printed copies of this report are available from: United Nations Environment Programme Ozone Secretariat P.O. Box 30552 Nairobi, Kenya This document is also available in portable document format from: https://ozone.unep.org/science/assessment/teap No copyright involved. This publication may be freely copied, abstracted and cited, with acknowledgement of the source of the material. Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee: Co-Chairs: Marta Pizano (Colombia); Ian Porter (Australia) Members: Jonathan Banks (Australia), Mohammed Besri (Morocco), Fred Bergwerff (The Netherlands), Aocheng Cao (China), Sait Erurk (Turkey), Ken Glassey (New Zealand), Alfredo Gonzalez (Philippines), Rosalind James (USA), Takashi Misumi (Japan), Christoph Reichmuth (Germany), Jordi Riudavets (Spain), Akio Tateya (Japan), Alejandro Valeiro (Argentina), Nick Vink (South Africa). Acknowledgments: MBTOC acknowledges support from Dr Paul Fraser, Dr Steve Montzka and Nada Derek for Chapter 4 of this report in assisting with preparation of some text, figures and review of information.
    [Show full text]
  • Sulle Fotografie Danneggiate
    copertina fotografiedanneggiate:Layout 1 8-01-2015 9:41 Pagina 1 Il testo fornisce informazioni di carattere generale sulle specie animali (principalmente insetti e roditori) che con maggiore frequenza si rintracciano negli ambienti di conservazione delle fotogra,e e sui danni che essi possono arrecare. Una parte è dedicata alle metodologie e alle strategie di prevenzione nonché ai diversi metodi di lotta capaci di limitare le infestazioni. Sono trattate anche le varie tipologie di tecniche fotogra,che e delineate le problematiche del restauro conservativo utili ad arginare gli effetti del deterioramento. Alla realizzazione dell’opera hanno contribuito diversi Autori, specialisti in vari campi disciplinari della biologia applicata e delle attività di studio interessate alla valorizzazione, conservazione, tutela e fruizione dei beni culturali. Presentazione di David Pinniger Contributi di Marianna Adamo, Dario Capizzi, Barbara Cattaneo, SULLE FOTOGRAFIE DANNEGGIATE Ubaldo Cesareo, Massimo Cristofaro, Federica Delìa, Donatella Matè, Luciano Santini, Pasquale Trematerra Gestione degli organismi infestanti a cura di: Marianna Adamo, Donatella Matè, Pasquale Trematerra Sulle fotografie danneggiate Gestione degli organismi infestanti A cura di Marianna Adamo, Donatella Matè, Pasquale Trematerra Presentazione di David Pinniger 2015 ENEA Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile Lungotevere Thaon di Revel, 76 00196 ROMA ISBN: 978-88-8286-311-1 SULLE FOTOGRAFIE DANNEGGIATE Gestione degli organismi infestanti A cura di Marianna Adamo, Donatella Matè, Pasquale Trematerra Presentazione di David Pinniger Il testo fornisce informazioni di carattere generale sulle specie animali (principalmente insetti e roditori) che con maggiore frequenza si rintracciano negli ambienti di conser- vazione delle fotografie e sui danni che essi possono arre- care.
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera: Bostrichoidea: Ptinidae)
    Studies and Reports Taxonomical Series 15 (2): 509-522, 2019 Nanodesma - gen. nov. from Oriental Region with description of six new species (Coleoptera: Bostrichoidea: Ptinidae) Petr ZAHRADNÍK Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady 136, CZ-150 00 Praha 5 - Zbraslav, Czech Republic e-mail: [email protected] Taxonomy, new species, Coleoptera, Ptinidae, Nanodesma, Oriental Region Abstract. Nanodesma gen. nov. from Oriental Region is described, illustrated and compared with other genera from tribe Nicobiini. The key of genera tribe Nicobiini is presented. Six new species are described: N. knizeki sp. nov. (Thailand); N. laosensis sp. nov. (Laos); N. fasciata sp. nov. (Indonesia: Sumatra I.), Malaysia and Thailand; N. haucki sp. nov. (Thailand); N. luteopubens sp. nov. (Malaysia) and N. nigromaculata sp. nov. (Malaysia). The key of species belong to genus Nanodesma is presented. INTRODUCTION Tribe Nicobiini White, 1982 from subfamily Anobiinae Fleming, 1821, contains three genera - Anobiopsis Fall, 1905, Nicobium LeConte, 1861 and Trichodesma LeConte, 1861 (White 1971). The genus Anobiopsis Fall, 1905 contains only one species from North America (White 1974). Genus Nicobium LeConte, 1861 contains eight species from Palaearctic Region, one from them was introduced also in other regions (White 1974, Bercedo & Arnáiz 2007; Toskina 2014). The most numerous is genus Trichodesma LeConte, 1861 with 70 species. This genus is distributed especially in tropical Regions (Neotropical, Afrotropical and Oriental), but also in Holarctic Region (White 1974; Zahradník 2017). Also three fossil species from genus Trichodesma LeConte, 1851 are known (Zahradník & Háva 2017). This new genus is forth in tribe Nicobiini White, 1992 and is distributed in Oriental Region, in Malayan peninsula (Back India).
    [Show full text]
  • Xylophagous Insects of the Wooden Floor of Camelin Block (Fréjus
    Xylophagous insects of the wooden floor of Camelin block (Fréjus, France): An interdisciplinary approach combining archaeology and anthraco-entomology Magali Toriti, Aline Durand, Pierre Excoffon, Fabien Fohrer To cite this version: Magali Toriti, Aline Durand, Pierre Excoffon, Fabien Fohrer. Xylophagous insects of the wooden floor of Camelin block (Fréjus, France): An interdisciplinary approach combining archaeology and anthraco-entomology. Quaternary International, Elsevier, 2020, 10.1016/j.quaint.2020.09.034. halshs-02949761v2 HAL Id: halshs-02949761 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02949761v2 Submitted on 10 Feb 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Xylophagous insects of the wooden floor of Camelin block (Fréjus, France): an interdisciplinary approach combining archaeology and anthraco-entomology Magali Toriti1, Aline Durand2, Pierre Excoffon3, Fabien Fohrer4 Corresponding author: Magali Toriti, [email protected] Fichier produit par les auteurs Résultats publiés dans Quaternary International, on line September 25th
    [Show full text]
  • Death-Watch and Spider Beetles of Wisconsin—Coleoptera: Ptinidae
    United States Department of Agriculture Death-Watch Forest Service and Spider Beetles Forest Products Laboratory of Wisconsin General Technical Coleoptera: Ptinidae Report FPL–GTR–209 Rachel A. Arango Daniel K. Young Abstract Acknowledgments Critical insights relating to the distribution, natural history, This work would not have been possible without the sup- and abundance of Ptinidae sensu lato, in Wisconsin and port of countless individuals. We thank the Forest Products North America have been overlooked in many faunistic sur- Laboratory for funding support (Arango), especially to veys and taxonomic studies, in part due to the relative diffi- Carol Clausen, Frederick Green III, and Michael Ritter. Spe- culty in working with the contractile nature of many species cial thanks to Dr. Ken Raffa and Dr. R. Chris Williamson for and complexity of certain taxonomic characters. Work by careful review of the project and manuscript. We acknowl- H.C. Fall, R.E. White, and T.K. Philips significantly aided edge Tom Kuster for the scanning electron microscope in the understanding of this family, although numerous images, Regis Miller and Mike Wiemann for wood identi- genera are still in need of major revision. This study is the fications, Tivoli Gough for assistance in preparing figures, first state-wide survey of Wisconsin Ptinidae. It provides a James Anderson for editing support, and Dan Lindner for comprehensive list of all ptinid species documented from fungal identifications. We are also indebted to colleagues Wisconsin, with taxonomic keys for their identification. in the “Young Lab”: Craig Brabant, Peter DeVries, John Profiles for each species were compiled, including a taxo- Dorshorst, Jeff Gruber, Kyle Johnson, Nadine Kriska, Dan nomic overview, capsule description, species diagnosis, and Marschalek, Michele Price, and Andrew Williams.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of TSAE Vol. Xx No. X (Xxxx), Xxx–Xxx
    11th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection Session 7 : Museum Pests The use of thermal control against insect pests of cultural property Strang, T.J.K.*# Canadian Conservation Institute, Department of Canadian Heritage, 1030 Innes Rd. Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1B4S7 *Corresponding author, Email: [email protected] #Presenting author, Email: [email protected] DOI: 10.14455/DOA.res.2014.110 Abstract Collections in cultural institutions are vulnerable to many deleterious events. Insects of concern are a blend of ‗household pests‘, typified by clothes moth and dermestid species, ‗timber pests‘ such as anobiid and lyctid species and ‗food pests‘ of kitchen, pantry and granary as collections are quite varied in their composition across museum, archive, library, gallery, historic properties and cultural centers. There is a distribution of scale of museums and concomitant resources to apply against all modes of deterioration, as well as accomplishing operational goals using the collections as a core resource. There is a strong need for museum pest control methods inside an integrated pest management framework to be efficacious, have minimal effect on objects, and be economical in their costs. Through the 1980‘s and 90‘s museum staff became increasingly knowledgeable about industrial hygiene, harmful substances used in preparation methods, preservative solutions and residual insecticides. Some collections have been tested for residual arsenic, mercury, DDT, and other contaminants. Fumigants were curtailed for health and environmental impact so ethylene oxide (ETO), phosphine and methyl bromide (MeBr) followed the loss of grain fumigants which had been applied as liquids in museum storage cabinets. Thermal and controlled atmosphere methods offered a way forward for many museums which found they could not continue previous practices for controlling insects on and inside their objects.
    [Show full text]
  • Alien Insect Impact on Cultural Heritage and Landscape
    LIEN INSECT IMPACT ON CULTURAL HERITAGE AND ALANDSCAPE: AN UNDERESTIMATED PROBLEM Barbara Manachini*5 Dipartimento Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche STEBICEF, Via Archirafi , 18, Palermo, Italy Keywords: Invasive species; economic impact; insect pests; biodiversity What is an invasive alien insect? Invasive species are referred to as non-natives, exotics, aliens, non-indigenous harmful species and by a host of other names. All these defi nitions incorporate a basic concept: invasive species are organisms that have been introduced into an environ- ment in which they did not evolve and whose introduction causes or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm [1]. Typically, they have few or no natural enemies to limit their reproduction and/or spread. Moreover, the hosts (e.g. native trees) for inva- sive insects often have not co-evolved with the introduced pest. Consequently native hosts are much more likely to be damaged or killed by the invasive pest. Today, inva- sive species cause millions of dollars of damage to croplands, rangelands, pastures, wetlands, waterways and forests. In addition, they have caused ecological and societal impacts [2]. Alien insects are more than 30% of all other alien species introduced into Italy and represent one of the most important environmental worries as they are con- sidered one of the major causes of loss of biodiversity. More than 60% of these alien insects have a negative impact on economic and human health. However, their impact on cultural heritage and on landscape is still underestimated [3, 4]. Alien insect and landscape The number of new records of alien species increases continuously, with a marked acceleration in recent decades.
    [Show full text]
  • Revista Gaditana De Entomología G
    ISSN: 2172-2595 R Revista gaditana de Entomología g Volumen IX (2018) E EDITA: Revista Gaditana de Entomología SEDE : Marqués de la Victoria, 2 - 1º D, 11100 San Fernando (Cádiz) España. Referencia bibliográfica: Revta. gad. Entom. Director de ésta Publicación: Antonio Verdugo Consejo de Lectura: José Manuel Blanco, Leopoldo Castro, José Ramón Correas, Marcos Toribio, Amador Viñolas, Tomàs Yélamos y AntonioVerdugo. Dirección de contacto: [email protected] Depósito. Esta publicación se deposita para dar cumplimiento a la Enmienda a los artículos 8, 9, 10, 21 y 78 del Código Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoológica (ed. 1999), referente a la ampliación y perfeccionamiento de los métodos de publicación (ZooKeys 219: 1–10 [2012]) en los repositorios en línea Internet archive (http://www.archive.org) y Biotaxa (http://www.biotaxa.org/index/index), y en la propia web de la publicación, en el sitio: http://sites.google.com/site/unentomologoandaluz/home/revista-gaditana-de-entomologia Los artículos de esta publicación son recogidos en las bases de datos de Zoological record, Biotaxa, Latindex, Dialnet y REDIB (Red Iberoamericana de Innovación y Conocimiento Científico). ISSN 2172-2595 EDITORIAL Finalizamos el noveno número de nuestra publicación, revista que a lo largo de este tiempo ha publicado unos doscientos veinte artículos o notas breves de entomología con cerca de dos mil páginas, cifras que ya consideramos importantes para una publicación que es totalmente gratuita y de acceso libre. Lo que en principio iba a ser una publicación de ámbito andaluz se fue convirtiendo, por el interés de muchos investigadores interesados en publicar el resultado de sus investigaciones en revistas gratuitas, en una revista que ha publicado sobre fauna de casi los cinco continentes.
    [Show full text]
  • Humanosphere Asia Research Node Activity Report 2020 Is Uploaded
    生存圏アジアリサーチノード活動報告 Humanosphere Asia Research Node Activity Report ARN 2020 生存圏アジアリサーチノード Humanosphere Asia Research Node Table of contents 1. Preface 2 2. Humanosphere Asia Research Node 3 3. 5th ARN Symposium 5 4. 5th ARN Symposium Reports 13 1. Preface Today’s global society faces increasing hazardous events, which threaten the existence of humankind. Global warming is becoming tangible due to the massive consumption of fossil resources, and, consequently, weather disasters are intensified; man-made environmental pollution is widely spreading; and infectious diseases are becoming highly prevalent across countries because of the long-distance movement of trade goods and human beings. Thus, these events become globalized and self-aggravating. Embedded in Earth systems, including human activities, these problems are complex in nature; therefore, deepening academic knowledge in a specifi c area cannot answer them. For resolution, we need to integrate our expert knowledge in various areas with an interdisciplinary view. Director of RISH In 2016, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto Masato Shiotani University launched a new program called the Humanosphere Asia Research Node (ARN) to strengthen the hub functions of international collaborative research and fostering talented people who expand the field of Humanosphere Sciences internationally. We hope to cultivate people with not only high expertise but also an international perspective on the various global issues we are now facing. ARN’s activities in the past include
    [Show full text]