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Coleoptera: Anobiidae: Anobiinae) Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, n1 40 (2007) : 137−142. DOS NUEVAS ESPECIES ÍBERO-MACARONÉSICAS DE NICOBIUM LECONTE, 1861 (COLEOPTERA: ANOBIIDAE: ANOBIINAE) Pablo Bercedo & Lucía Arnáiz C/ Ferrer 23, Vegas del Condado 24153 León, España. − [email protected] Resumen: Se describen dos nuevas especies del género Nicobium LeConte, 1861, Nicobium albofasciatum n. sp. de Tenerife y Fuerteventura (Islas Canarias) y Nicobium zuzartei n. sp. de Monforte (Alto Alentejo, Portugal), y se comparan con las espe- cies afines del género. Atendiendo a caracteres de la morfología pronotal y de la genitalia masculina, se definen dos grupos de especies entre los Nicobium íbero-macaronésicos, el grupo de N. castaneum y el grupo de N. villosum. Palabras clave: Coleoptera, Anobiidae, Anobiinae, Nicobium albofasciatum n. sp., Nicobium zuzartei n. sp., taxonomía, gru- pos de especies, Macaronesia, Península Ibérica, Islas Canarias, Portugal. Duas novas espécies ibero-macaronésicas de Nicobium LeConte, 1861 (Coleoptera: Anobiidae: Anobiinae) Resumo: Descrevem-se duas novas espécies do género Nicobium LeConte, 1861, Nicobium albofasciatum n. sp., de Tenerife e Fuerteventura (Ilhas Canárias) e Nicobium zuzartei n. sp. de Monforte (Alto Alentejo, Portugal), e comparam-se com as espécies afins do género. Atendendo a caracteres da morfologia pronotal e da genitália masculina, definem-se dois grupos de espécies entre os Nicobium ibero-macaronésicos, o grupo de N. castaneum e o grupo de N. villosum. Palavras chave: Coleoptera, Anobiidae, Anobiinae, Nicobium albofasciatum n. sp., Nicobium zuzartei n. sp., taxonomia, grupos de espécies, Macaronésia, Península Ibérica, Ilhas Canárias, Portugal. Two new Iberian and Macaronesian species of Nicobium LeConte, 1861 (Coleoptera: Anobiidae: Anobiinae) Abstract: Two new species of the genus Nicobium LeConte, 1861, Nicobium albofasciatum n. sp. from Tenerife and Fuerte- ventura (Canary Islands) and Nicobium zuzartei n. sp. from Monforte (Alto Alentejo, Portugal), are described and compared with the closest members of the genus. Two groups of species are defined within the Iberian and Macaronesian Nicobium, based upon characters of pronotum morphology and male genitalia: the N. castaneum group and the N. villosum group. Key words: Coleoptera, Anobiidae, Anobiinae, Nicobium albofasciatum n. sp., Nicobium zuzartei n. sp., taxonomy, species groups, Macaronesia, Iberian Peninsula, Canary Islands, Portugal. Taxonomía/Taxonomy: Nicobium albofasciatum sp. n. Nicobium zuzartei sp. n. Introducción El género Nicobium LeConte, 1861 se encuentra represen- rias, sólo existe la comunicación de Español (1964a: 106), tado en la mayoría de las grandes regiones biogeográficas: “un único ♂ procedente de Sta. Cruz de Tenerife”, recogida Paleártica, Neártica, Neotropical y Afrotropical (Pic, 1912; en trabajos posteriores (Palm, 1967; Machado & Oromí, Español, 1964a, 1964b, 1968, 1970; Zahradník, 2005). 2000), pero desde aquella, no ha habido nuevos registros en Presente en todos los archipiélagos macaronésicos a excep- el territorio canario (Israelson et al., 1982; García, 1986, ción de Cabo Verde (Oromí et al., 2005). Como se detalla a 1991; García & Campos, 1987; Oromí & García, 1995). continuación, dependiendo de la opinión de los diferentes Quizás, como comenta Español (1964a: 106), la captura de autores que los han estudiado, alguno de los táxones íbero- esta carcoma en Tenerife fuera un hecho accidental y en macaronésicos del género −desde su designación original todo caso, su presencia en las Islas Canarias deberá ser como especies o variedades− han sufrido diferentes cambios confirmada. en sus respectivos status taxonómicos. El Dr. Francisco −Nicobium villosum (Brullé, 1838) descrito de Canarias y Español Coll, gran especialista en Anobiidae a nivel mun- conocido de todas las grandes islas canarias (García, 1991; dial, tanto en sus trabajos centrados en el género Nicobium Machado & Oromí, 2000) y según Español (1964b, 1970) y en particular como en los generales de la familia en el ámbi- Zahradník (2005), presente y extendido además por los to íbero-canario (Español, 1964a, 1964b, 1968, 1992), con- archipiélagos próximos (Madeira, Salvajes, Azores), Portu- sideraba que el género lo integraban dos únicos representa- gal, España, norte de África y regiones Afrotropical y Neo- tes: tropical. Sobre la presencia de N. villosum en la Península −Nicobium castaneum (Olivier, 1790) [especie tipo del Ibérica, Español (1964b: 290) dice: “sólo poseemos las citas género], ampliamente distribuido por las regiones Paleárti- portuguesas de Saraiva [1957]” y para el territorio español ca, Neártica y Neotropical (Español, 1964b, 1970; White, “un ejemplar de Cádiz”. Sin embargo, el propio autor indica 1982; Borges, 1990; Zahradník, 2005). Es común en Europa casi treinta años después: “sin datos hasta el presente en el y está muy extendido por toda la Península Ibérica y Balea- área íbero-balear” (Español, 1992: 105), no obstante, al res (Fuente, 1932; Español, 1964b, 1992, 1995). Por lo que considerar en esta obra que tanto Nicobium velatum (Wo- respecta a la presencia de N. castaneum en las Islas Cana- llaston, 1854) –descrito de Madeira− como Nicobium casta- 137 neum var. subparallelum Saraiva, 1957 –descrito de Portu- 1932; Seabra, 1943; Saraiva, 1957; Español, 1964b, 1970). gal– son “simples variaciones individuales de N. villosum”, Sin embargo, Cymorek (1975), tras comprobar la esterilidad da por hecho su presencia en el territorio ibérico, situación de los híbridos de N. castaneum x N. hirtum, consideró que, que se mantiene actualmente en Fauna Europaea (Zahrad- aunque hermanas, ambas eran especies válidas y distintas, y ník, 2005). Por lo que respecta a N. castaneum var. subpa- así lo recogen Halperin & Español (1978). Posteriormente rallelum, como acabamos de decir, se le considera actual- tres autores: White (1982) en su catálogo de los anóbidos de mente sinónimo de N. villosum (Español, 1964b, 1968, América al norte de México, Español (1992) en su mono- 1970, 1992; Zahradník, 2005). Español (1964b: 290) apuntó grafía de los anóbidos ibéricos [que sí recoge las conclusio- –creemos que acertadamente– que el taxon de Saraiva coin- nes de Cymorek (1975)] y Zahradník (2005) en Fauna Eu- cide con el de Brullé por “la descripción (...), como por la ropaea, siguen manteniendo el taxon de Illiger como sinó- excelente fotografía que acompaña a la misma”. Los autores nimo de N. castaneum. No hemos encontrado ejemplares no hemos podido estudiar el tipo, pero, efectivamente, la que se ajustaran o pudieran ser asignados a este taxon entre fotografía y los caracteres diferenciales proporcionados por el material ibérico estudiado; por ello, y hasta estudiar la Saraiva (1957: fig. 32): “Pronoto tendendo a cuadrangular morfología externa e interna de típicos N. hirtum, no pode- (margens subparalelas na parte mediana) (...) quase parale- mos tomar una decisión sobre el status del taxon de Illiger. lelismo das margens (do pronoto e dos élitros)”, nos hacen Por último, en su primer trabajo sobre los anóbidos de coincidir con la opinión del Dr. Español; sin embargo, entre Canarias (Español, 1964a: 107) designó, dentro de Nico- los ejemplares ibéricos estudiados, no hemos visto ninguno bium villosum, la “var. albofasciatum nov.” para aquellos asignable a N. villosum. ejemplares en los que la pubescencia “se dispone en bandas La especie Nicobium velatum, como se ha comentado, transversales sobre los élitros” a diferencia de la forma tipo ha figurado durante largo tiempo como sinónimo de N. en la que “se presenta uniforme en toda la superficie del villosum (Uyttenboogaart, 1937; Español, 1964a, 1964b, cuerpo”. Desde entonces, exceptuando a García & Campos 1966, 1968, 1970, 1992), y así se mantiene en Fauna Euro- (1987: 285) que lo listan como subespecie, ha figurado en la paea (Zahradník, 2005). Aunque, en su descripción el pro- lista de sinónimos de N. villosum (Español, 1970, 1992; pio Wollaston (1854: 276-277) considera esta especie bien Zahradník, 2005). El estudio de abundante material canario diferenciada de sus parientes europeos, comenta que al no asignable a este taxon ha permitido confirmar que tiene conocer N. villosum, su especie podría ser la misma que la validez específica y, al mismo tiempo, comprobar que la descrita por Brullé; posteriormente llegó a escribir que po- morfología de la genitalia masculina le sitúa más cerca de dría tratarse de una “geographical modification” de esta N. velatum que de N. villosum. Según el Código Internacio- última (Wollaston, 1865: 227). Erber & Wheater (1987: nal de Nomenclatura Zoológica (CINZ, 2000), el nombre 168) informan de la presencia del taxon de Wollaston en las “var. albofasciatum” es indisponible, ya que el autor desig- Islas Salvajes, y reflejan como sinónimo del mismo a N. nó esta variedad evidentemente como un taxon infrasubes- villosum. Borges (1990: 106), en su listado de coleópteros pecífico, y no se adoptó como nombre válido de una especie de las Islas Azores, recoge el taxon “Anobium velatum Wo- o subespecie antes de 1985, por lo que se hace necesaria su llaston ??”, interrogante que parece indicar que el taxon no descripción, la cual realizamos en el presente trabajo nomi- ha sido localizado en el archipiélago. Wollaston (1861, nándola Nicobium albofasciatum n. sp. 1864, 1865) comunicó la presencia en Canarias de N. vela- Además, entre el material ibérico estudiado, se ha des- tum basándose en una hembra encontrada muerta en el inte- cubierto otro taxon nuevo procedente de Monforte
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