DOCSLIB.ORG

The Use of Oxygen-Free Environments in the Control of Museum Insect Pests

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Use of Oxygen-Free Environments in the Control of Museum Insect Pests This page intentionally left blank Tools for Conservation The Use of Oxygen-Free Environments in the Control of Museum Insect Pests Shin Maekawa Kerstin Elert The Getty Conservation Institute Los Angeles Timothy P. Whalen, Director, Getty Conservation Institute Jeanne Marie Teutónico, Associate Director, Field Projects and Conservation Science Chris Hudson, Publisher Mark Greenberg, Editor in Chief Ann Lucke, Managing Editor Tevvy Ball, Project Editor Sheila Berg, Copy Editor Hespenheide Design, Designer Pamela Heath, Production Coordinator The Getty Conservation Institute works internationally to advance conservation and to enhance and encourage the preservation and understanding of the visual arts in all of their dimensions—objects, collections, architecture, and sites. The Institute serves the conservation community through scientific research; educa- tion and training; field projects; and the dissemination of the results of both its work and the work of others in the field. In all its endeavors, the Institute is committed to addressing unanswered questions and promoting the highest possible standards of conservation practice. The Institute's Tools for Conservation series provides practical scientific proce- dures and methodologies for the practice of conservation. The series is specifically directed to conservation scientists, conservators, and technical experts in related fields. Previously published in the series are Color Science in the Examination of Museum Objects: Nondestructive Procedures (2001) by Ruth Johnston-Feller; Infrared Spectroscopy in Conservation Science (1999) by Michèle R. Derrick, Dusan Stulik, and James M. Landry; and Thin-Layer Chromatography for Binding Media Analysis (1996) by Mary F. Striegel and Jo Hill. © 2003 J. Paul Getty Trust Getty Publications 1200 Getty Center Drive Los Angeles, California 90049-1682 www.getty.edu Printed in the United States of America 10 987654321 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Maekawa, Shin, 1952- Oxygen-free environments in the control of museum insect pests / Shin Maekawa, Kerstin Elert. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-89236-693-1 (pbk.) 1. Buildings—Pest control. 2. Museums—Protection. 3. Insect pests. 4. Gases, Asphyxiating and poisonous. 5. Museum conservation methods. I. Elert, Kerstin. II. Title. TH9041 .M34 2003 069'.53-dc21 2002154104 Contents vii Foreword ix Preface 1 Introduction Chapter 1 3 Insect Mortality Using Anoxia 3 Pest Control in Museums 4 Major Factors Influencing Insect Mortality 5 Temperature 6 Relative Humidity 6 Oxygen Concentration 8 Combination of Low-Oxygen Atmospheres and Carbon Dioxide 8 Optimal Parameters for the Anoxia of Museum Pests 11 Notes 11 References Chapter 2 15 Methods and Materials for the Anoxia of Insects in Museum Objects 15 Anoxic Eradication of Insects 15 The Containers and the Method 16 Safety of Objects in Nitrogen Atmospheres 17 Bases for Choosing the Best Mode of Anoxic Treatment 17 Small- versus Large-Scale Containers 19 Oxygen-Barrier Film for Making Bags and Tents 19 Overview 21 Some Laminates Useful for Anoxia and a Comparison of Their Properties 24 The Selection of a Barrier Film for an Anoxic Bag 27 Heat Sealing of Barrier Films to Form Anoxic Enclosures 30 Monitoring of Anoxic Conditions 30 Inexpensive Qualitative Oxygen Indicators: Ageless-Eye® 32 Oxygen Monitors and Analyzers 36 Relative Humidity Monitors 38 Temperature Sensors and Thermometers 38 Leak Detectors 39 Data Collection during the Anoxic Process 40 Notes 40 References Chapter 3 43 Small-Scale Anoxia Using an Oxygen Absorber 43 The Chemical Process of Oxygen Absorption 44 Properties of Oxygen Absorbers: Absorption Capacity, Reaction Rate, and Moisture Release 46 Ageless® Oxygen Absorbers 47 Ateo™ Oxygen Absorbers 48 Fresh Pax™ Oxygen Absorbers 48 RP-Systems™ Oxygen Absorbers 49 Amount of Oxygen Absorber to Use for Anoxia in Bags 50 Calculation of the Amount of Oxygen Absorber 51 Conclusion 52 Procedure for Anoxia in Plastic Bags Using Oxygen Absorbers 53 Control of Moisture Release by an Oxygen Absorber 56 Notes 56 References Chapter 4 59 Large-Scale Anoxia Using External Nitrogen Sources 59 Overview 61 Safe Use of Large Volumes of Nitrogen 62 Nitrogen Sources: High-Pressure Gas, Liquid Nitrogen, Nitrogen Generation 63 Nitrogen Gas Cylinders 64 Liquid Nitrogen Containers 65 Nitrogen Generators 67 Humidification of Nitrogen 69 Fabrication, Testing, and Use of Large Flexible Anoxic Enclosures 73 Tests of a Commercial Fumigation Bubble for Museum Anoxia 75 Modification of Power Plastics Bubbles (Used by Rentokil) for Anoxia 76 Leak-proof Connectors to Anoxic Enclosures 76 Leak Rates of Large Anoxic Enclosures Made from Plastic Film 78 Rigid Chambers for Anoxia 79 Testing and Operation of a Rigid Chamber 80 Notes 81 References Chapter 5 83 Protocols for Insect Eradication in Nitrogen (Anoxia) 83 Choosing a Protocol 84 Protocol A: Anoxia in Small to Medium-Size Bags or Pouches 90 Nitrogen Purging: Reducing the Amount of Oxygen Absorber 91 Nitrogen Purging: Physical Setup and Process 93 Troubleshooting Protocol A 95 Materials and Equipment for Fabrication and Operation of Anoxic Bags 97 Protocols for Anoxia in Large-Scale Systems 97 Protocol B: Anoxia in Large, User-made Tents 98 Part 1 : Enclosure Fabrication and Testing 107 Part 2: Anoxic Treatment 110 Materials and Equipment 113 Protocol C: Anoxia in Large Commercial Enclosures (Portable Bubbles) 116 Materials and Equipment 117 Protocol D: Anoxia in Large Rigid Chambers 118 Preparation: Testing for Leaks 119 Materials and Equipment 120 Troubleshooting Large-Scale Anoxia Systems 123 Notes Appendix I 125 Protocol Tools 125 Leak Testing of Anoxic Enclosures 126 Supplies Required for Leak Testing 127 Construction and Use of a Nitrogen Humidification System 128 Constructing the Humidification System 132 Supplies and Specific Part Numbers for Materials Required to Fabricate a Nitrogen Humidification Unit 133 Leak-proof Connectors in Anoxic Enclosure Walls 135 Supplies Required for Connectors 135 Calculation of Required Amount of Oxygen Absorber 137 Calculation of Required Amount of RH-conditioned Silica Gel 137 Materials 137 Notes Appendix II 138 Technical Addenda 138 Reaction of an Iron Powder "Oxygen Absorber" with Oxygen 138 Calculation of the Amount of Oxygen Absorber Required to Maintain 0.1 % Oxygen in an Anoxic Enclosure Whose Leak Rate Is Known 139 Determination of the Oxygen Leak Rate of an Anoxic Enclosure 140 Determination of the Rate of Reaction of Oxygen with Ageless® 142 References Appendix III 143 Table of Conversion Factors Appendix IV 144 Manufacturers and Suppliers of Materials and Equipment Useful in Anoxia 144 Oxygen-Barrier Films, Bubbles, and Oxygen Absorbers 146 Tools and Equipment 147 Addresses and Web Sites Appendix V 151 Outlines for Treatment Protocols A, B, and C 151 Outline for Protocol A 151 Outline for Protocol B 152 Outline for Protocol C Index 154 About the Authors 158 This page intentionally left blank Foreword For more than fifteen years, scientists at the Getty Conservation Insti- tute have been actively conducting research on solutions to the problem of pest control in museum environments and have collaborated with partners all over the world in the effort to house documents and objects in safe, protective environments. While this work was originally undertaken in an effort to effectively house the royal mummies at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, other potential uses of the technology became apparent, and the ultimate result of that research and work is this present volume. This publication, in the Tools for Conservation series, builds on the research published by the GCI in 1998 in volumes in the Research in Conservation series: Inert Gases in the Control of Museum Insect Pests and Oxygen-Free Museum Cases. This book turns the theory of those two publications into practice, providing substantive practical and specific information about the use of oxygen-free environments (in this case, nitrogen) in integrated pest management in the museum environ- ment. The first four chapters provide background materials, and the fifth chapter provides step-by-step instructions on procedures as well as on the construction of treatment systems for insect anoxia. A searchable CD-ROM in the back flap of the book is intended to help make this publication particularly easy and practical to use. URLs and web information are provided. Comments from readers regarding the usefulness of the CD-ROM are welcome, as the goal of the book is to create a useful tool for the practitioner in the field. The book was written by Shin Maekawa, senior scientist at the Getty Conservation Institute, and Kerstin Elert, of the University of Granada in Spain. The work benefited from technical editing by Frank Lambert and from developmental editing by Elizabeth Maggio, who was especially helpful in shaping Chapter 5, on protocols. Sheila Berg was the copy editor; the project editor was Tevvy Ball. All the editorial staff involved in the project have greatly enhanced the quality of the final publication. The volume was designed by Hespenheide Design, and pro- duction coordination was provided by Pamela Heath. Timothy P. Whalen Director The Getty Conservation Institute This page intentionally left blank Preface This book describes the methods that we recommend for eradicating museum insect pests. A previous volume from the Getty Conservation Institute, Inert Gases in the Control of Museum Insect Pests, presented a broad spectrum of approaches, procedures, and conservators'
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Barriers and Chemistry in a Bottle: Mechanisms in Today's Oxygen Barriers for Tomorrow's Materials
    applied sciences Review Barriers and Chemistry in a Bottle: Mechanisms in Today’s Oxygen Barriers for Tomorrow’s Materials Youri Michiels 1,* , Peter Van Puyvelde 2 and Bert Sels 1,* 1 Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium 2 Soft Matter, Rheology and Technology, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (Y.M.); [email protected] (B.S.); Tel.: +32-16-377690 (Y.M.); +32-16-321593 (B.S.) Received: 3 June 2017; Accepted: 21 June 2017; Published: 28 June 2017 Abstract: The stability of many organic compounds is challenged by oxidation reactions with molecular oxygen from the air in accordance with thermodynamics. Whereas glass or metal containers may protect such products, these packaging types also offer severe disadvantages over plastics. Large-scale packaging, especially for food and beverage industries, has shifted towards polymeric materials with passive and active oxygen barrier technologies over the last decades. Even though patent literature is flooded with innovative barrier systems, the mechanisms behind them are rarely reported. In a world where packaging requirements regarding recyclability and safety are continuously getting stricter, accompanied by the appearance of emerging applications for plastic oxygen barriers (such as organic semi-conductors), research towards new materials seems inevitable. To this cause, proper in-depth knowledge of the existing solutions is a prerequisite. This review therefore attempts to go deep into the problems at hand and explain the chemistry behind the existing solution strategies and finally discusses perspectives suggesting new applications such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and solar cells.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of House and Landscape Characteristics on the Abundance and Diversity of Perimeter Pests Principal Investigators: Arthur G
    Project Final Report presented to: The Pest Management Foundation Board of Trustees Project Title: Effects of house and landscape characteristics on the abundance and diversity of perimeter pests Principal Investigators: Arthur G. Appel and Xing Ping Hu, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University Date: June 17, 2019 Executive Summary: The overall goal of this project was to expand and refine our statistical model that estimates Smokybrown cockroach abundance from house and landscape characteristics to include additional species of cockroaches, several species of ants as well as subterranean termites. The model will correlate pest abundance and diversity with house and landscape characteristics. These results could ultimately be used to better treat and prevent perimeter pest infestations. Since the beginning of the period of performance (August 1, 2017), we have hired two new Master’s students, Patrick Thompson and Gökhan Benk, to assist with the project. Both students will obtain degrees in entomology with a specialization in urban entomology with anticipated graduation dates of summer-fall 2019. We have developed and tested several traps designs for rapidly collecting sweet and protein feeding ants, purchased and modified traps for use during a year of trapping, and have identified species of ants, cockroaches, and termites found around homes in Auburn Alabama. House and landscape characteristics have been measured at 62 single-family homes or independent duplexes. These homes range in age from 7 to 61 years and include the most common different types of siding (brick, metal, stone, vinyl, wood), different numbers/types of yard objects (none to >15, including outbuildings, retaining walls, large ornamental rocks, old trees, compost piles, etc.), and different colors.
    [Show full text]
  • Artificial Laboratory Breeding of Xylophagous Insect Larvae and Its Application in Cytogenetic Studies 2)
    Eos, t. LXII, págs. 7-22 (1986). Artificial laboratory breeding of xylophagous insect larvae and its application in cytogenetic studies 2) BY J. R. BARAGAÑO, A. NOTARIO y M. G. DE VIEDMA. INTRODUCTION HAYDAK, in 1936, managed to rear Oryzaephilus surinantensis (L.) in the la- boratory using an artificial diet. Many researchers have followed in his footsteps, so that since then, approximately 260 species of Coleoptera have been raised on nonnatural diets. Among these species there are 121 which are eminently xylophagous. They belong to seven families (Buprestidae, Elateridae, Bostrychiclae, Lyctidae, Myc- teridae, Cerambyciclae and Curculionidae). Their importance, from the economic point of view, varies widely : some of them attack living trees making them a pest ; others feed on dead or decaying wood so that they may be considered harmless or even beneficial (for example in the decomposition of tree stumps in forests) ; finally, a few cause damage to seasoned timber. Therefore, specialists in artificial breeding have been motivated by different objectives, and so have chosen the insect or insects in each case which were most suitable for obtaining specific desired results. It is clear that in the majority of cases the choice was not made at random. Generally, the insect studied was either recently established as a pest or well documented as such. •With these laboratory breeding experiments it is possible on the one hand to draw conclusions about the insects' nutritive requirements, parasitism, ethology etc ; and on the other to obtain enough specimens to try out different phytosanitary treatments with them. Both of these achievements are applicable to effectiye control of the insect problem.
    [Show full text]
  • 4 Active Packaging in Polymer Films M.L
    4 Active packaging in polymer films M.L. ROONEY 4.1 Introduction Polymers constitute either all or part of most primary packages for foods and beverages and a great deal of research has been devoted to the introduction of active packaging processes into plastics. Plastics are thermoplastic polymers containing additional components such as antioxidants and processing aids. Most forms of active packaging involve an intimate interaction between the food and its package so it is the layer closest to the food that is often chosen to be active. Thus polymer films potentially constitute the position of choice for incorporation of ingredients that are active chemically or physically. These polymer films might be used as closure wads, lacquers or enamels in cans and as the waterproof layer in liquid cartonboard, or as packages in their own right. The commercial development of active packaging plastics has not occurred evenly across the range of possible applications. Physical processes such as microwave heating by use of susceptor films and the generation of an equilibrium modified atmosphere (EMA) by modification of plastics films have been available for several years. Research continues to be popular in both these areas. Chemical processes such as oxygen scavenging have been adopted more rapidly in sachet form rather than in plastics. Oxygen scavenging sachets were introduced to the Japanese market in 1978 (Abe and Kondoh, 1989) whereas the first oxygen-scavenging beer bottle closures were used in 1989 (see Chapter 8). The development of plastics active packaging systems has been more closely tied to the requirements of particular food types or food processes than has sachet development.
    [Show full text]
  • SP341-I-Carpet Beetles
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Insects, Pests, Plant Diseases and Weeds UT Extension Publications 10-2006 SP341-I-Carpet Beetles The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_agexdise Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation "SP341-I-Carpet Beetles," The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service, SP341-I 10/06(Rev) 07-0065, https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_agexdise/30 The publications in this collection represent the historical publishing record of the UT Agricultural Experiment Station and do not necessarily reflect current scientific knowledge or ecommendations.r Current information about UT Ag Research can be found at the UT Ag Research website. This Household Insects and Pests is brought to you for free and open access by the UT Extension Publications at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insects, Pests, Plant Diseases and Weeds by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SP341-I Carpet Beetles Karen M. Vail, Associate Professor; Frank Hale, Professor; Harry E. Williams, former Professor Emeritus Entomology & Plant Pathology Carpet beetles feed on animal and plant substances gray-yellow scales. Larvae are about 1/4 inch long and are such as wool, fur, feathers, hair, hides, horns, silk and light to dark brown. The body is wide and broader at the bone, as well as cereals, cake mixes, red pepper, rye meal rear than the front. and flour. Other substances include powdered milk, dog Adult common carpet beetles are about 1/10 to 1/8 and cat food, leather, book bindings, dead insects, cot- inch long, nearly round and gray to black.
    [Show full text]
  • Drywood Termite, Cryptotermes Cavifrons Banks (Insecta: Blattodea: Kalotermitidae)1 Angela S
    EENY279 Drywood Termite, Cryptotermes cavifrons Banks (Insecta: Blattodea: Kalotermitidae)1 Angela S. Brammer and Rudolf H. Scheffrahn2 Introduction moisture requirements than those of C. brevis. A 2002 termite survey of state parks in central and southern Termites of the genus Cryptotermes were sometimes called Florida found that 45 percent (187 of 416) of all kaloter- powderpost termites because of the telltale heaps of fecal mitid samples taken were C. cavifrons. pellets (frass) that accumulate beneath infested wood. Fecal pellets of Cryptotermes, however, are similar in size and shape to other comparably sized species of Kalotermitidae. Identification All are now collectively known as drywood termites. The Because termite workers are indistinguishable from each most economically significant termite in this genus, Cryp- other to the level of species, most termite keys rely on totermes brevis (Walker), commonly infests structures and characteristics of soldiers and alates (winged, unmated was at one time known as the “furniture termite,” thanks reproductives) for species identification. to the frequency with which colonies were found in pieces of furniture. A member of the same genus that might be Like all kalotermitids, the pronotum of the C. cavifrons mistaken for C. brevis upon a first, cursory examination is soldier is about as wide as the head. The head features a C. cavifrons, a species endemic to Florida. large cavity in front (hence the species name, cavifrons), nearly circular in outline from an anterior view, shaped Distribution and History almost like a bowl. The rest of the upper surface of the head is smooth, as contrasted with the head of C.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Wood and Cellulosic Materials As Fillers in Artificial Diets for Lyctus Africanus Lesne (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)
    Insects 2015, 6, 696-703; doi:10.3390/insects6030696 OPEN ACCESS insects ISSN 2075-4450 www.mdpi.com/journal/insects/ Article Evaluation of Wood and Cellulosic Materials as Fillers in Artificial Diets for Lyctus africanus Lesne (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) Titik Kartika 1,2,†,*, and Tsuyoshi Yoshimura 1,† 1 Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji Campus, Kyoto 6110011, Japan; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Research Centre for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia † These authors contributed equally to this work. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +81-744-38-3664; Fax: +81-744-38-3666. Academic Editor: Brian T. Forschler Received: 29 January 2015 / Accepted: 11 June 2015 / Published: 23 July 2015 Abstract: We studied the usefulness of wood- and cellulose-based diets for L. africanus Lesne. Three diets were prepared which differed on the base ingredients; wood particles (Diet 1), cellulose powder (Diet 2), and alpha-cellulose (Diet 3). The diets were provided to adult L. africanus and the number of larvae, as well as the number of adults that emerged sex ratio, and body weight of the progeny was determined. Findings indicated similar results for the number of larvae, sex ratio and body weight of the emerged L. africanus fed on each diet. However, the number of adult produced by L. africanus on Diet 3 was significantly lower. The results indicate that the amount of vital nutrients is not the only important factor in selecting a suitable diet for L.
    [Show full text]
  • Isoptera Book Chapter
    Isoptera 535 See Also the Following Articles Biodiversity ■ Biogeographical Patterns ■ Cave Insects ■ Introduced Insects Further Reading Carlquist , S. ( 1974 ) . “ Island Biology . ” Columbia University Press , New York and London . Gillespie , R. G. , and Roderick , G. K. ( 2002 ) . Arthropods on islands: Colonization, speciation, and conservation . Annu. Rev. Entomol. 47 , 595 – 632 . Gillespie , R. G. , and Clague , D. A. (eds.) (2009 ) . “ Encyclopedia of Islands. ” University of California Press , Berkeley, CA . Howarth , F. G. , and Mull , W. P. ( 1992 ) . “ Hawaiian Insects and Their Kin . ” University of Hawaii Press , Honolulu, HI . MacArthur , R. H. , and Wilson , E. O. ( 1967 ) . “ The Theory of Island Biogeography . ” Princeton University Press , Princeton, NJ . Wagner , W. L. , and Funk , V. (eds.) ( 1995 ) . “ Hawaiian Biogeography Evolution on a Hot Spot Archipelago. ” Smithsonian Institution Press , Washington, DC . Whittaker , R. J. , and Fern á ndez-Palacios , J. M. ( 2007 ) . “ Island Biogeography: Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation , ” 2nd ed. Oxford University Press , Oxford, U.K . I Isoptera (Termites) Vernard R. Lewis FIGURE 1 Castes for Isoptera. A lower termite group, University of California, Berkeley Reticulitermes, is represented. A large queen is depicted in the center. A king is to the left of the queen. A worker and soldier are he ordinal name Isoptera is of Greek origin and refers to below. (Adapted, with permission from Aventis Environmental the two pairs of straight and very similar wings that termites Science, from The Mallis Handbook of Pest Control, 1997.) Thave as reproductive adults. Termites are small and white to tan or sometimes black. They are sometimes called “ white ants ” and can be confused with true ants (Hymenoptera).
    [Show full text]
  • Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma Serricorne (F.) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Anobiidae)1 Brian J
    EENY-227 Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Anobiidae)1 Brian J. Cabrera2 Introduction There are over 1000 described species of anobiids. Many are wood borers but two, the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.), also known as the tobacco beetle, and the drugstore beetle, Stegobium paniceum (L.) are pests of stored products. Stored-product pests are responsible for tremendous damage and economic losses to post-harvest and stored grains and seeds, packaged food products, and animal and plant derived items and commodities. Besides causing direct damage by their feeding, they also elicit disgust, annoyance, and anger in those who find them infesting these products. The cigarette beetle is a commonly encountered stored-product pest in the home and has long been associated with humans -- some were found in dried resin from the tomb of Egyptian King Tutankhamun. Figure 1. Adult cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.). Distribution Credits: L.J. Buss, University of Florida The cigarette beetle is pan-tropical but can be found thorax when the beetle is viewed from above. The elytra worldwide -- especially wherever dried tobacco in the form (wing covers) are covered with fine hairs. When disturbed of leaves, cigars, cigarettes, or chewing tobacco is stored. they often pull in their legs, tuck their head and lay motion- less. They prefer to reside in dark or dimly lit cracks, nooks Description and Identification and crevices but become active and fly readily in bright, Adults open areas, probably in an attempt to find refuge. They are most active at dusk and will continue activity through the Cigarette beetles are quite small, measuring about 2 to 3 night.
    [Show full text]
  • Wood-‐Destroying Organism Inspection
    InterNACHI Wood-Destroying Organism Inspection Student Course Materials InterNACHI free online course is at http://www.nachi.org/wdocourse.htm. Wood-Destroying Organism Inspection The purpose of the course is to define and teach good practice for: 1) conducting a wood-destroying organism inspection of a building; and 2) performing treatment applications for the control of wood-destroying organisms. This course provides information, instruction, and training for the wood-destroying organism inspector and commercial pesticide applicator studying to become certified. The student will learn how to identify and report infestation of wood-destroying organisms that may exist in a building using a visual examination. The student will learn the best practices for treatment applications to control infestation. The course is designed primarily for wood-destroying organism inspectors, building inspection professionals, and commercial treatment applicators. STUDENT VERIFICATION & INTERACTIVITY Student Verification By enrolling in this course, the student hereby attests that he or she is the person completing all course work. He or she understands that having another person complete the course work for him or her is fraudulent and will immediately result in expulsion from the course and being denied completion. The courser provider reserves the right to make contacts as necessary to verify the integrity of any information submitted or communicated by the student. The student agrees not to duplicate or distribute any part of this copyrighted work or provide other parties with the answers or copies of the assessments that are part of this course. Communications on the message board or forum shall be of the person completing all course work.
    [Show full text]
  • PESTS of STORED PRODUCTS a 'Pest of Stored Products' Can Refer To
    PESTS OF STORED PRODUCTS A ‘pest of stored products’ can refer to any organism that infests and damages stored food, books and documents, fabrics, leather, carpets, and any other dried or preserved item that is not used shortly after it is delivered to a location, or moved regularly. Technically, these pests can include microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria, arthropods such as insects and mites, and vertebrates such as rodents and birds. Stored product pests are responsible for the loss of millions of dollars every year in contaminated products, as well as destruction of important documents and heritage artifacts in homes, offices and museums. Many of these pests are brought indoors in items that were infested when purchased. Others originate indoors when susceptible items are stored under poor storage conditions, or when stray individual pests gain access to them. Storage pests often go unnoticed because they infest items that are not regularly used and they may be very small in size. Infestations are noticed when the pests emerge from storage, to disperse or sometimes as a result of crowding or after having exhausted a particular food source, and search for new sources of food and harborage. Unexplained occurrences of minute moths and beetles flying in large numbers near stored items, or crawling over countertops, walls and ceilings, powdery residues below and surrounding stored items, and stale odors in pantries and closets can all indicate a possible storage pest infestation. Infestations in stored whole grains or beans can also be detected when these are soaked in water, and hollowed out seeds rise to the surface, along with the adult stages of the pests, and other debris.
    [Show full text]
  • Biological Infestations Page
    Chapter 5: Biological Infestations Page A. Overview ........................................................................................................................... 5:1 What information will I find in this chapter? ....................................................................... 5:1 What is a museum pest? ................................................................................................... 5:1 What conditions support museum pest infestations? ....................................................... 5:2 B. Responding to Infestations ............................................................................................ 5:2 What should I do if I find live pests or signs of pests in or around museum collections? .. 5:2 What should I do after isolating the infested object? ......................................................... 5:3 What should I do after all infested objects have been removed from the collections area? ................................................................................................ 5:5 What treatments can I use to stop an infestation? ............................................................ 5:5 C. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) ................................................................................ 5:8 What is IPM? ..................................................................................................................... 5:9 Why should I use IPM? .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]