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Timeline / 1860 to After 1930 / FINE and APPLIED ARTS

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Timeline / 1860 to After 1930 / FINE and APPLIED ARTS Timeline / 1860 to After 1930 / FINE AND APPLIED ARTS Date Country Theme 1860 - 1910 Germany Fine And Applied Arts Realism (a backlash to both Classicism and Romanticism) is exemplified by French artist Gustave Courbet’s Die Steinklopfer (1849), although long before then Albrecht Dürer had painted his highly realistic Junger Feldhase (1502). 1860 Romania Fine And Applied Arts 7 November: on the initiative of painter Gheorghe Panaitescu-Bardasare, a School of Fine Arts and an art gallery are founded in Ia#i. 1860 Republic of Macedonia Fine And Applied Arts (FYROM) The icon “Seven Holy Teachers” (Sedmochislenitzi) is painted by the most significant representative of Christian religious art in Macedonia, Dicho Krstevic Zograph, at the peak of his creativity. It represents the Slav missionaries Sts Cyril and Methodius and their disciples Clement, Nahum, Gorazd, Sabbas and Angelarij in a solo composition. His icons are distinguished by bright colour and baroque features. 1860 Spain Fine And Applied Arts The Manises pottery begins to produce objects in lustreware. 1860 - 1918 Jordan Fine And Applied Arts Newcomers to Transjordan, whether from neighbouring Arab countries such as Syria, Palestine and Hijaz or from further afield such as Caucasus, bring with them not only artefacts of their home culture, including personal ornaments, weapons, costumes and treasured items, but also the necessary skills and social habits that help them to adapt in their new homeland. 1860 - 1870 Italy Fine And Applied Arts In opposition to academic painting, the Macchiaioli movement (Telemaco Signorini, Vincenzo Cabianca and Silvestro Lega) experiments with “spot painting”, based on the strong contrast between light and shadow. 1860 - 1865 Greece Fine And Applied Arts Both Nikolaos Gyzis and Nikiphoros Lytras win scholarships to the Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Munich. Circa 1870 - Circa 1900 France Fine And Applied Arts Impressionist painters capture the effects of light in outdoor and everyday scenes. 1862 France Fine And Applied Arts Date Country Theme The Picnic on the Grass by Édouard Manet marks a transition from Realism to Impressionism 1863 Spain Fine And Applied Arts The painters Mariano Fortuny y Marsal and Francisco Lameyer travel to North Africa. Fortuny buys different artworks and textiles for his collection. 1863 - 1885 Italy Fine And Applied Arts Opening of applied art schools, often attached to museums: Industrial Museum of Turin (1863), Artistic Industrial Museum of Rome (1873), Naples (1882) and Palermo (1885). 1864 Romania Fine And Applied Arts 14 November: a School of Fine Arts (which today is the National University of Art) is founded in Bucharest by painters Gheorghe Tattarescu and Theodor Aman. 1864 Romania Fine And Applied Arts Dimitrie Bolintineanu, the Minister of Religion and Public Instruction, organises in Bucharest an exhibition displaying works of contemporary Romanian artists, the most important of the time being painters Theodor Aman, Gheorghe Tattarescu and Carol Popp de Szathmari. 1865 Romania Fine And Applied Arts The first showing of the “Living Artists Exhibition” (for painters and sculptors), organised by painter Theodor Aman, takes place in Ia#i. The annual organisation of such an exhibition is established by a decree issued in December 1864. 1865 Portugal Fine And Applied Arts The stuccoes of the corridor of the Monserrate Palace are inspired by those of Alhambra Palace in Granada. The profusion of columns is considered to recall those in the Hypostyle Hall of the Cordova Mosque. 1866 Greece Fine And Applied Arts Nikiphoros Lytras takes up a professorship at the School of the Arts in Athens. 1867 - 1885 Germany Fine And Applied Arts King Ludwig II of Bavaria sets in motion the building of his second palace, Linderhof (1869–85), the smallest of the large palaces he had built, and the only one he lived to see completed. The king’s penchant for the so called Moorish style can be seen in several elements, such as the Moorish Kiosk (1867) and the Moroccan House (1878). The King’s House on the Schachen (1869–72), built with a Turkish Hall by Georg von Dollmann, further attests to Ludwig’s admiration for the “Oriental” style. 1867 Austria Fine And Applied Arts Date Country Theme The Austrian Museum of Applied Arts purchases the minbar from the Ibn Tulun Mosque in Cairo. 1872 France Fine And Applied Arts Impression, Sunrise by the Impressionist painter Claude Monet. 1872 - 1874 Portugal Fine And Applied Arts O Desterrado (The Outcast), a sculpture by António Soares dos Reis (1847–89) is an idealised self-portrait. It conveys the collective feelings of his contemporary intellectuals and the feelings of loneliness and longing common to those who had left their homeland. The sculptor’s romantic sensibility enabled him to shape feelings and psychological tensions in the marble. 1873 Turkey Fine And Applied Arts First art exhibition in #stanbul, organised by #eker Ahmed Pa#a. 1874 Austria Fine And Applied Arts Kasper von Zumbusch (1830–1915) begins work on a monument to Empress Maria Theresia, situated on Maria-Theresien-Platz at the Ringstrasse in Vienna. 1876 France Fine And Applied Arts Dance at Le moulin de la Galette by the Impressionist painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir. 1876 Romania Fine And Applied Arts 19 February: birth of the great Romanian sculptor Constantin Brâncu#i, author of sculptures such as Mademoiselle Pogany, The Kiss, Bird in Space, and The Endless Column. His works are today exhibited in museums in France, the USA and Romania. 1877 Austria Fine And Applied Arts The Viennese Stock Market is completed to a design by Theophil Hansen. 1877 Austria Fine And Applied Arts The Austrian glass manufacture Lobmayr produces glass cups in the Oriental Style. 1877 - 1882 Romania Fine And Applied Arts Ion Georgescu, considered to be the first Romanian modern sculptor, studies in Paris, where he exhibits his first works. 1879 Austria Fine And Applied Arts Date Country Theme Hans Makart (1840–84) designs the “Makart Parade” to celebrate the Silver wedding anniversary of the Imperial couple, Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Empress Elisabeth (“Sisi”). 1880 - 1900 France Fine And Applied Arts Trends in painting in this period include: "Post-Impressionism" (i.e. Cézanne, Gauguin, Toulouse-Lautrec, van Gogh); Pointillism (i.e. Seurat, Signac); Symbolism (i.e. Moreau, Puvis de Chavannes, Redon); Les Nabis (i.e. Bonnard, Denis, Sérusier, Vuillard) and Primitivism (i.e. Matisse, Rousseau). Late 19th century - Early 20th France Fine And Applied Arts century Art Nouveau, a movement of the so-called Belle Époque, favours curves and decoration inspired by plant forms, and media such as stained glass. Art Deco, which followed in the so called Golden Twenties, affected architecture and the arts and crafts in particular on account of its preponderance for symmetry. 1880 - 1890 Tunisia Fine And Applied Arts It was the era of eclecticism. The French Protectorate builds the regency’s infrastructure in the European classical tradition, constructing monuments in the impressive Greco-Roman style. 1880 - 1900 Germany Fine And Applied Arts The painting by Franz von Stuck, Die Sünde (1893), exemplifies the period in art known as Post-Imperialism and Symbolism. 1881 Spain Fine And Applied Arts Birth of Pablo Picasso in Málaga. In Spain Picasso’s birth date would be established as the boundary between works of art in the Academic style and the avant-garde style. 1882 Portugal Fine And Applied Arts White Houses of Capri by naturalist painter António Carvalho da Silva Porto (1850– 93) represents the new interest in travelling and other cultures. 1882 Italy Fine And Applied Arts Brera Picture Gallery, originally created by Maria Teresa of Austria in 1776, becomes an independent museum. 1882 France Fine And Applied Arts The Thinker by the sculptor Auguste Rodin. 1882 Turkey Fine And Applied Arts Date Country Theme Birth of #brahim Çall# (d. 1960). He was a prominent painter who was sent to Paris between 1910 and 1914 where he studied in the workshop of Fernand Cormon. 1883 Italy Fine And Applied Arts Inauguration of the National Gallery of Modern Art in Rome, in the Exhibition Palace by Pio Piacentini. It is intended to focus on “national” art. 1883 Turkey Fine And Applied Arts Opening of the School of Fine Arts (Sanâyi-i Nefise Mektebi) by Osman Hamdi Bey. It consists of sections for painting, sculpture and architecture. 1885 Republic of Macedonia Fine And Applied Arts (FYROM) The earliest portrait in Macedonian art that is not part of religious depiction, a portrait of a child is painted by Dimitar Andonov of Papradishte (1859–1954). Dimitar Andonov was one of the last Macedonian “zographs” (icon painters) and the founder of Macedonian profane art. 1885 Portugal Fine And Applied Arts O Grupo Do Leão painted by Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro is a landmark in 19th- century painting both for its quality and for its subject matter. The depicted group of artists in the Leão beer house were linked to the Portuguese Naturalist and Realist painting movement. This work became famous and marked the beginning of a period of great artistic activity. 1886 Greece Fine And Applied Arts Nikolaos Gyzis, one of Greece’s most important 19th-century painters, becomes professor at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich. 1886 Turkey Fine And Applied Arts 26 February: Mihri Mü#fik Han#m, one of the first female painters of renown, is born. 1889 France Fine And Applied Arts The inauguration of the Eiffel Tower and the use of iron in architectural structures. 1890 - 1900 Tunisia Fine And Applied Arts Construction of public and private buildings in the arabisance style, which proposes a synthesis of European architectural styles with Arab and Spanish-North African architecture. 1890 - 1910 Germany Fine And Applied Arts Date Country Theme The paintings by Heinrich Vogeler, Das Konzert (Sommerabend) (1893), and Gustav Klimt, Der Kuss (1908), exemplify the period in art known as Jugendstil or Art Nouveau.
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