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LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #1 It's Always Sunny in Japan
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 4 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 6 Grammar
# 1
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. (TV Station）
2. 男: 五秒前、四、三、二、一
3. 遠井 歩: みなさん、おはようございます。遠井歩（とおいあゆむ）の天気予 報の時間です。 今日、東京は とても寒くなるでしょう。天気は晴れ のち くもりでし ょう。 朝は 晴れますが、午後から くもるでしょう。夕方からは 雨でしょ う。 ところによって 雪が 降るかもしれません。 外出の時、暖かいコートと 傘を 忘れないでくださいね。 それでは、みなさん今日も 頑張りましょう。
4. 男: はい！カット！オッケイです。遠井さん、お疲れ様でした。
5. 遠井 歩: ふー。お疲れ様です。
KANA
1. (TV Station）
2. おとこ: ごびょうまえ、よん、さん、に、いち
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #1 - IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY IN JAPAN 2 3. とおい あゆむ: みなさん、おはようございます。とおい あゆむの てんきよほうの じかんです。 きょう、とうきょうは とてもさむくなるでしょう。てんきは はれ の ち くもりでしょう。 あさは はれますが、ごごから くもるでしょう。ゆうがたからは あめ でしょう。 ところによって ゆきが ふるかもしれません。 がいしゅつのとき、あたたかいコートと かさを わすれないでくださ いね。 それでは、みなさん きょうも がんばりましょう。
4. おとこ: はい！カット！オッケイです。とおいさん、おつかれさまでした。
5. とおい あゆむ: ふー。おつかれさまです。
ROMANIZATION
1. (TV Station）
2. OTOKO: Go byō mae, yon, san, ni, ichi...
3. TŌI AYUMU: Mina-san, ohayō gozaimasu. Tōi Ayumu no tenkiyohō no jikan desu. Kyō, Tōkyō wa totemo samuku naru deshō. Tenki wa hare nochi kumori deshō. Asa wa hare masu ga, gogo kara kumoru deshō. Yūgata kara wa ame deshō. Tokoro niyotte yuki ga furu kamo shiremasen. Gaishutsu no toki, atatakai kōto to kasa o wasurenaide kudasai ne. Sore dewa, mina-san kyō mo ganbarimashō.
4. OTOKO: Hai! Katto! Okkei desu. Tōi-san, o-tsukare-sama deshita.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #1 - IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY IN JAPAN 3 5. TŌI AYUMU: Fū. O-tsukare-sama desu.
ENGLISH
1. (TV Station)
2. MAN: Five seconds remaining, four, three, two, one.
3. AYUMU TŌI: Good morning, everybody. It's time for the weather forecast with Ayumu Tōi. Today, Tokyo will get very cold. The weather will be clear, followed by clouds later on. The morning will be clear, but from the afternoon onward it will become cloudy. Rain is forecast for the evening. Depending on your location, there is a chance of snow. If you go out, please don't forget a warm jacket and an umbrella. As always, give it your best today, everyone!
4. MAN: Okay, cut! That's fine. Thank you, Ms. Tōi.
5. AYUMU TŌI: [sigh] Thank you.
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
秒 びょう byō second
コート コート kōto coat
暖かい あたたかい atatakai warm; Adj(i)
外出 がいしゅつ gaishutsu outing, trip, going out
雪 ゆき yuki snow
雨 あめ ame rain, rainy
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #1 - IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY IN JAPAN 4 to precipitate, to fall 降る ふる furu (rain, snow, etc.); V1
夕方 ゆうがた yūgata evening
くもる くもる kumoru to become cloudy; V1
to clear up, to be 晴れる はれる hareru sunny; V2
くもり くもり kumori cloudy
のち のち nochi after
晴れ はれ hare sunny
天気 てんき tenki weather
天気予報 てんきよほう tenki yohō weather forecast
to try one's best, to 頑張る がんばる ganbaru hang in there;V1
SAMPLE SENTENCES
一分は六十秒です。 新しいコートが欲しい。 Ippun wa roku-jū byō desu. Atarashii kōto ga hoshii.
Sixty seconds makes a minute. I want a new coat.
暖かいですね。 父は外出しています。 Atatakai desu ne. Chichi wa gaishutsu shite imasu.
It's warm, isn't it? My father has gone out.
雪が嫌いです。 今日は雨です。 Yuki ga kirai desu. Kyō wa ame desu.
I hate snow. Today is rainy.
雨が降っている。 夕方のラッシュは5時からです。 Ame ga futte iru. Yūgata no rasshu wa go-ji kara desu.
It's raining. The evening rush starts from five pm.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #1 - IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY IN JAPAN 5 今日は、くもっていますね。 晴れている。 Kyō wa kumotte imasu ne. Harete iru.
It's cloudy today. It's sunny.
今日は、くもりです。 今日の天気は、晴れのち雨です。 Kyō wa kumori desu. Kyō no tenki wa hare nochi ame desu.
It's cloudy today. Today will be sunny and then it will rain.
今日の天気は、晴れところにより曇りで 明日は、晴れですか。 Ashita wa hare desu ka. す。 Kyō no tenki wa, hare tokoro ni yori kumori desu. Is it going to be sunny tomorrow? "Today's weather is sunny with occasional clouds."
いい天気ですね。 毎朝、天気予報をチェックする。 Ii tenki desu ne. Maiasa tenki yohō o chekku suru.
The weather is nice, isn't it? I check the weather forecast every morning.
頑張ってください。 Ganbatte kudasai.
Do your best.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is t he Expressions t he Japanese Use f or Weat her Forecast s.
今日、東京は とても寒くなるでしょう。 Kyō, Tōkyō wa t ot emo samuku naru deshō. "Today, Tokyo will get very cold."
In this lesson, you'll learn how to talk about predictions using new sentence-ending expressions. These expressions indicate probability, possibility, or the speaker's conjecture. You'll also learn some vocabulary words that express weather conditions.
Darō (だろう) and Deshō (でしょう)
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #1 - IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY IN JAPAN 6 Darō and its formal form, deshō, come after nouns, and the informal form of a verb or adjective. These words express the speaker's guess or prediction and are similar to "probably" in English. The speaker's guess is based on some information or knowledge he or she has.
Kamoshirenai ( かもしれない ) and Kamoshiremasen (かもしれません)
Kamoshirenai and its formal form, kamoshiremasen, express probability and come after the noun or, the informal form of a verb or adjective. They indicate that something is possible, but that the speaker is uncertain whether it is true. It's similar to "might" or "maybe" in English. The probability you'll hear a phrase that uses kamoshirenai is not as high as one that uses darō.
Format ion
This chart shows how darō and kamoshirenai come after verbs, adjectives, and nouns. We list the informal first, and the formal underneath it.
Verb 雨が降るだろう。 "It will probably rain." Ame ga furu darō.
Verb 雨が降るでしょう。 "It will probably rain." Ame ga furu deshō.
Verb 雨が降るかもしれない。 "It might rain." Ame ga furu kamo shirenai.
Verb 雨が降るかもしれません。 "It might rain." Ame ga furu kamo shiremasen.
i-Adject ive テストは難しいだろう。 "The test is probably difficult." Tesuto wa muzukashii darō.
i-Adjective テストは難しいでしょう。 "The test is probably difficult." Tesuto wa muzukashii deshō.
i-Adject ive テストは難しいかもしれない。 "The test might be difficult." Tesuto wa muzukashii kamo shirenai.
i-Adjective テストは難しいかもしれません。 "The test might be difficult." Tesuto wa muzukashii kamo shiremasen.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #1 - IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY IN JAPAN 7 na-Adject ive テストは簡単だろう。 "The test is probably easy." Tesuto wa kantan darō. na-Adjective テストは簡単でしょう。 "The test is probably easy." Tesuto wa kantan deshō. na-Adject ive テストは簡単かもしれない。 "The test might be easy." Tesuto wa kantan kamo shirenai. na-Adjective テストは簡単かもしれません。 "The test might be easy." Tesuto wa kantan kamo shiremasen.
Noun ケンは日本人だろう。 "Ken is probably Japanese." Ken wa Nihon-jin darō.
Noun ケンは日本人でしょう。 "Ken is probably Japanese." Ken wa Nihon-jin deshō.
Noun ケンは日本人かもしれない。 "Ken might be Japanese." Ken wa Nihon-jin kamo shirenai.
Noun ケンは日本人かもしれません。 "Ken might be Japanese." Ken wa Nihon-jin kamo shiremasen.
In negative sentences, these sentence-ending expressions come after the informal negative forms.
For Example:
1. 明日は晴れないだろう。 Ashita wa harenai darō. "It probably won't be sunny tomorrow."
2. ケンは日本人じゃないかもしれない。 Ken wa Nihon-jin janai kamo shirenai. "Ken might not be Japanese."
We usually use deshō in weather forecasts on the radio or TV.
For Example:
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #1 - IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY IN JAPAN 8 1. 晴れのちくもりでしょう。 Hare nochi kumori deshō. "We expect fair weather followed by cloudy conditions."
2. 明日は雪が降るでしょう。 Ashita wa yuki ga furu deshō. "Snow is expected to fall tomorrow."
In very casual conversation, we can drop the -shirenai of kamoshirenai, leaving only kamo.
For Example:
1. 今日は雨が降るかも。 Kyō wa ame ga furu kamo. "It might rain today."
Phrases and Vocabulary Japanese Use in Weat her Forecast s
Verbs
Japanese Romanization "English"
晴れる hareru "sunny," "fair"
くもる kumoru "cloudy"
雨が降る ame ga furu "rainy"
雪が降る yuki ga furu "snowy"
Nouns
Japanese Romanization "English"
晴れ hare "sunny," "fair"
くもり kumori "cloudy"
雨 ame "rainy"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #1 - IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY IN JAPAN 9 雪 yuki "snowy"
Ot her Words and Phrases
Japanese Romanization "English"
のち※ nochi "after"
ときどき tokidoki "sometimes," "occasionally"
最高気温 saikō kion "highest temperature"
最低気温 saitei kion "lowest temperature"
度 do "degree"
ところによって tokoro ni yotte "in some areas"
ところにより tokoro ni yori "in some areas"
※のち is simply the formal way to say 後(あと) in Japanese.
Sample Sent ences
1. 晴れときどきくもり Hare tokidoki kumori. "Clear, partly cloudy."
2. くもりのち雨が降るでしょう。 Kumori nochi ame ga furu deshō. "Cloudy conditions followed by rain."
3. ところにより雪が降るでしょう。 Tokoro ni yori yuki ga furu deshō. "Snow is expected to fall in some areas."
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #1 - IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY IN JAPAN 10 4. 今日の最高気温は３２度 最低気温は２６度でしょう。 Kyō no saikō kion wa 32 do. Saitei kion wa 26 do deshō. "Today's high is expected to be thirty-two degrees, with a low of twenty-six."
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• [adjective/noun] ＋naru ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 47 and 48 • [noun] ＋ no toki ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 45 • [masu stem] ＋mashō ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 33
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #1 - IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY IN JAPAN 11 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #2 What Does Your Future Look Like in Japan?
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 6 Grammar
# 2
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. （ピンポーン）
2. 大空晴夜: こんにちは。
3. 天道きり: はーい。あら、風歌ちゃん、久しぶり。大きくなったわね。
4. 大空風歌: こんにちは。おばあちゃん。風歌、お姉ちゃんになった。
5. 天道きり: あら、おめでとう。風歌ちゃん、上がって、おじいちゃんにあいさ つしてね。
6. 大空風歌: はーい。
7. 大空晴夜: すみません。明日の夜、迎えに来ます。
8. 天道きり: 大丈夫よ。で、美雨は？
9. 大空晴夜: ええ、元気です。来週、退院する予定です。 仕事の後、会いに行くつもりです。 お母さん達はいつ病院に行く予定ですか。
10. 天道きり: 土曜日に赤ちゃんと美雨の顔を見に行くつもり。
KANA
1. （ピンポーン）
2. おおぞらはるや: こんにちは。
3. てんどうきり: はーい。あら、ふうかちゃん、ひさしぶり。おおきくなったわね。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #2 - WHAT DOES YOUR FUTURE LOOK LIKE IN JAPAN? 2 4. おおぞらふうか: こんにちは。おばあちゃん。ふうか、おねえちゃんに なった。
5. てんどうきり: あら、おめでとう。ふうかちゃん、あがって、おじいちゃんに あい さつしてね。
6. おおぞらふうか: はーい。
7. おおぞらはるや: すみません。あしたの よる、むかえに きます。
8. てんどうきり: だいじょうぶよ。で、みうは？
9. おおぞらはるや: ええ、げんきです。らいしゅう、たいいんする よていです。 しごとのあと、あいに いく つもりです。 おかあさんたちは いつびょういんに いくよていですか。
10. てんどうきり: どようびに あかちゃんと みうの かおを みに いく つもり。
ROMANIZATION
1. (Pinpōn)
2. ŌZORA HARUYA: Konnichiwa.
3. TENDŌ KIRI: Hāi. Ara, Fūka-chan, hisashiburi. Ōkiku natta wa ne.
4. ŌZORA FŪKA: Konnichiwa. obā-chan. Fūka, o-nē-chan ni natta.
5. TENDŌ KIRI: Ara, omedetō. Fūka-chan, agatte, o-jii-chan ni aisatsu shite ne.
6. ŌZORA FŪKA: Hā i.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #2 - WHAT DOES YOUR FUTURE LOOK LIKE IN JAPAN? 3 7. ŌZORA HARUYA: Sumimasen. Ashita no yoru, mukae ni kimasu.
8. TENDŌ KIRI: Daijōbu yo. De, Miu wa?
9. ŌZORA HARUYA: Ē, genki desu. Raishū, taiin suru yotei desu. Shigoto no ato, ai ni iku tsumori desu. O-kā-san-tachi wa itsu byōin ni iku yotei desu ka.
10. TENDŌ KIRI: Doyōbi ni aka-chan to Miu no kao o mi ni iku tsumori.
ENGLISH
1. (chime)
2. HARUYA OZORA: Hello.
3. KIRI TENDO: Yes? Oh, Fūka-chan! Long time no see. You've gotten big, haven't you!
4. FUKA OZORA: Hello, Granny. Fūka's a big sister now.
5. KIRI TENDO: Oh, congratulations! Fūka-chan, come inside and say hello to your granddad.
6. FUKA OZORA: Okay.
7. HARUYA OZORA: I'm sorry. I'll come and get her tomorrow night.
8. KIRI TENDO: Don't worry about it. So how's Miu?
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #2 - WHAT DOES YOUR FUTURE LOOK LIKE IN JAPAN? 4 9. HARUYA Yes, she's fine. They're planning to let her leave the hospital next OOZORA: week. I'm planning to go and see her after work. When are you planning to go to the hospital?
10. KIRI TENDO: We're planning to visit the baby and Miu on Saturday.
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
Long time no see. 久しぶり。 ひさしぶり。 Hisashiburi. (informal)
赤ちゃん あかちゃん akachan baby
達 たち tachi pluralizing suffix
予定 よてい yotei plan
退院 たいいん taiin leaving hospital
to come and pick 迎えに来る むかえにくる mukae ni kuru someone up (V3)
あいさつ あいさつ aisatsu greeting
おじいちゃん おじいちゃん o-jii-chan grandfather
to enter, to come up; 上がる あがる agaru V1
おめでとう。 おめでとう。 Omedetō. Congratulations.
older sister, elder お姉ちゃん おねえちゃん o-nē-chan sister
なる なる naru to become; V1
顔 かお kao face
SAMPLE SENTENCES
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #2 - WHAT DOES YOUR FUTURE LOOK LIKE IN JAPAN? 5 太郎さん、ひさしぶりですね。 赤ちゃんはかわいい。 Tarō-san, hisashiburi desu ne. Aka-chan wa kawaii.
Taro, it's been a long time. Babies are cute.
あそこに、田中さん達がいます。 今夜、予定がありますか。 Asoko ni Tanaka-san tachi ga imasu. Konya, yotei ga arimasu ka.
Mr.Tanaka and co. are over there. Do you have any plans tonight?
明日、退院します。 ２時に迎えに来てください。 Ashita, taiin shimasu. Ni-ji ni mukae ni kite kudasai.
I'm going to leave hospital tomorrow. Please come pick me up at two.
わたしは先生にあいさつをした。 おじいちゃん、おばあちゃん、あけまして Watashi wa sensei ni aisatsu o shita. おめでとう。 Mina-san, akemashite omedetō. I said hello to the teacher. Happy new year, grandpa and grandma.
どうぞ、あがってください おめでとう！ Dōzo agatte kudasai. Omedetō!
Please come inside. Congratulations!
お姉ちゃん！お帰り。 最近、寒くなったね。 O-nē-chan! Okaeri. Saikin samuku natta ne.
Hey sis. Welcome back. It's been getting colder lately, hasn't it.
朝、顔を洗います。 Asa, kao o araimasu.
I wash my face in the morning.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Describing Fut ure Plans.
いつ病院に行く予定ですか。 It su byōin ni iku yot ei desu ka. "When are you planning t o go t o t he hospit al?"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #2 - WHAT DOES YOUR FUTURE LOOK LIKE IN JAPAN? 6
In this lesson, you'll learn how to talk about your intentions or future plans. You'll also learn how to use the conjunction ato de, meaning "after." t sumori (つもり)
Tsumori is a noun that means "intention" or "conviction." When it follows the dictionary form of a verb or the informal negative form (nai-form) of a verb, it can express what the speaker is intending or planning to do (or not).
Format ion
[Verb; dictionary f orm or nai-f orm ] ＋ t sumori da/t sumori desu.
Sample Sent ences
1. (私は）明日病院に行くつもりです。 (Watashi wa) ashita byōin ni iku tsumori desu. "I plan to go to the hospital tomorrow."
2. もう、マリに電話しないつもりだ。 Mō, Mari ni denwa shinai tsumori da. "I don't intend to call Mari any more."
3. 昨日、日本語を勉強するつもりだったが、できなかった。 Kinō, Nihon-go o benkyō suru tsumori datta ga, dekinakatta. "I was planning to study Japanese yesterday, but I couldn't." yot ei (予定)
Yotei is a noun and it means "schedule" or "plan." When yotei comes after the dictionary form or nai-form of a verb, it means that something is scheduled to take place (or not, if the verb is negative). Whereas with tsumori you are talking about something you "intend" to do, with yotei are you simply stating something you are scheduled to do as a fact.
Format ion
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #2 - WHAT DOES YOUR FUTURE LOOK LIKE IN JAPAN? 7
[Verb; dictionary f orm or nai-f orm ] ＋ yot ei da/yot ei desu.
Sample Sent ences
1. （私は）明日病院に行く予定です。 (Watashi wa) ashita byōin ni iku yotei desu. "I'm scheduled to go to the hospital tomorrow."
2. 兄は来年結婚する予定です。 Ani wa rainen kekkon suru yotei desu. "My brother is scheduled to get married next year."
3. パーティーは５時から始まる予定です。 Pātī wa go-ji kara hajimaru yotei desu. "The party is scheduled to start at five."
4. 私はパーティーに行かない予定だ。 Watashi wa pātī ni ikanai yotei da. "I'm not scheduled to go to the party." no at o de (の後で)
Ato de is a conjunction meaning "after" in English. When it follows a noun, we insert the particle no between the noun and ato de. We often omit the particle de in informal speech.
For Example:
1. 仕事の後(で)、病院に行った。 Shigoto no ato (de) byōin ni itta. "I went to the hospital after work."
Ato de follows the informal past form (ta-form) of a verb to describe how one action happens after another.
For Example:
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #2 - WHAT DOES YOUR FUTURE LOOK LIKE IN JAPAN? 8 1. 病院に行った後（で）夕飯を食べた。 Byōin ni itta ato (de) yūhan o tabeta. ] "After I went to the hospital, I had dinner."
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• [adjective/ noun] ＋naru ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 47 and 48 • [masu stem] ＋ni iku/kuru ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 39
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #2 - WHAT DOES YOUR FUTURE LOOK LIKE IN JAPAN? 9 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #3 What's the Japanese Diagnosis?
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 7 Grammar
# 3
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. （鼻をすすったり、咳をしている音）
2. 左 絵理花: 先輩、具合が悪そうですね。大丈夫ですか。
3. 下山 新: …頭が痛いんだ。
4. 左 絵理花: そうなんですか？もうお医者さんに行きましたか。
5. 下山 新: いや、まだ。
6. 左 絵理花: 薬は？
7. 下山 新: まだ飲んでない。
8. 左 絵理花: どうして飲まないんですか。
9. 熱は？
10. 下山 新: 知らない。
11. 左 絵理花: だめですよ！
12. あ、部長！下山先輩、病気なんです。帰ってもいいですよね。ね？部長？
13. 部長: どうしたんだ？下山？風邪か？
14. 下山 新: いや、わからないんですけど、ちょっと体調が悪いんですよ。
15. 部長: ああ、顔色が悪いな。今日は、帰ってもいいぞ。
KANA
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #3 - WHAT'S THE JAPANESE DIAGNOSIS? 2 1. （はなを すすったり、せきを している おと）
2. ひだり えりか: せんぱい、ぐあいが わるそうですね。だいじょうぶですか。
3. しもやま しん: …あたまが いたいんだ。
4. ひだり えりか: そうなんですか？もう おいしゃさんに いきましたか。
5. しもやま しん: いや、まだ。
6. ひだり えりか: くすりは？
7. しもやま しん: まだ のんでない。
8. ひだり えりか: どうしてのまないんですか。 ねつは？
9. しもやま しん: しらない。
10. ひだり えりか: だめですよ！ あ、ぶちょう！しもやませんぱい、びょうきなんです。かえっても いいですよね。ね？ぶちょう？
11. ぶちょう: どうしたんだ？しもやま？かぜか？
12. しもやま しん: いや、わからないんですけど、ちょっと たいちょうが わるいんです よ。
13. ぶちょう: ああ、かおいろが わるいな。きょうは、かえっても いいぞ。
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #3 - WHAT'S THE JAPANESE DIAGNOSIS? 3 1. (Hana o susutta ri, seki o shite iru oto)
2. HIDARI ERIKA: Senpai, guai ga warusō desu ne. Daijōbu desu ka.
3. SHIMOYAMA ... Atama ga itain da. SHIN:
4. HIDARI ERIKA: Sō nan desu ka? Mō o-isha-san ni ikimashita ka.
5. SHIMOYAMA Iya, mada. SHIN:
6. HIDARI ERIKA: Kusuri wa?
7. SHIMOYAMA Mada nonde nai. SHIN:
8. HIDARI ERIKA: Dōshite nomanain desu ka. Netsu wa?
9. SHIMOYAMA Shiranai. SHIN:
10. HIDARI ERIKA: Dame desu yo! A, buchō! Shimoyama senpai, byōki nan desu. Kaette mo ii desu yo ne. Ne? Buchō?
11. BUCHŌ: Dōshitan da? Shimoyama? Kaze ka?
12. SHIMOYAMA Iya, wakaranain desu kedo, chotto taichō ga waruin desu yo. SHIN:
13. BUCHŌ: Ā, kaoiro ga warui na. Kyō wa, kaette mo ii zo.
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #3 - WHAT'S THE JAPANESE DIAGNOSIS? 4 1. (sound of sniffling or violent coughing)
2. ERIKA HIDARI: Senpai, you don't look well. Are you all right?
3. SHIN ...I have a headache. SHIMOYAMA:
4. ERIKA HIDARI: Really? Have you been to the doctor?
5. SHIN No, not yet. SHIMOYAMA:
6. ERIKA HIDARI: What about medicine?
7. SHIN I haven't taken any yet. SHIMOYAMA:
8. ERIKA HIDARI: Why haven't you taken any?! Do you have a fever?
9. SHIN I don't know. SHIMOYAMA:
10. ERIKA HIDARI: That's no good! Oh, Section Chief! Shimoyama-senpai is ill. It's all right for him to go home, isn't it? Right? Section Chief?
11. SECTION CHIEF: What's wrong, Shimoyama? Do you have a cold?
12. SHIMOYAMA: No, I don't know, but I don't feel so good.
13. SECTION CHIEF: Ah, you look pale. You can go home today.
VOCABULARY
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #3 - WHAT'S THE JAPANESE DIAGNOSIS? 5 Kanji Kana Romaji English
具合 ぐあい guai condition, health
color of the face, 顔色 かおいろ kaoiro complexion
ちょっと ちょっと chotto a bit, a little
風邪 かぜ kaze cold (illness)
department head, 部長 ぶちょう buchō section chief
to return, to go 帰る かえる kaeru home; V1
病気 びょうき byōki sickness, illness
薬 くすり kusuri medicine
熱 ねつ netsu fever, temperature
医者 いしゃ isha doctor
痛い いたい itai painful, sore; Adj(i)
頭 あたま atama head
悪い わるい warui bad;Adj(i)
体調 たいちょう taichō physical condition
SAMPLE SENTENCES
具合はどうですか。 今日、田中さんは顔色が良い。 Guai wa dō desu ka. Kyō Tanaka-san wa kaoiro ga yoi.
How are you feeling? Mr./Ms. Tanaka looks well today.
ちょっと、すみません。 風邪ですか。 Chotto, sumimasen. Kaze desu ka.
Excuse me for a minute. Do you have a cold?
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #3 - WHAT'S THE JAPANESE DIAGNOSIS? 6 田中さんはいい部長です。 アメリカに帰りたいです。 Tanaka-san wa ii buchō desu. Amerika ni kaeritai desu.
Mr./Ms. Tanaka is a good manager. I want to go back to the US.
わたしは病気になった。 これは薬ですか。 Watashi wa byōki ni natta. Kore wa kusuri desu ka.
I became sick. Is this medicine?
熱があります。 医者に行きます。 Netsu ga arimasu. Isha ni ikimasu.
I have a fever. I'll go see a doctor.
喉が痛いです。 痛い！ Nodo ga itai desu. Itai!
My throat hurts. Ouch!
頭が痛いです。 悪い夢を見た。 Atama ga itai desu. Warui yume o mita.
I have a headache. I had a bad dream.
体調が悪いです。 Taichō ga warui desu.
I don't feel well.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Talking about Healt h Conditions. ちょっと体調が悪いんですよ。 Chot t o t aichō ga waruin desu yo. "I don't f eel so good."
In this lesson, you'll learn how to use the phrase -n da to give or ask for an explanation. You'll also learn frequently used expressions we use when talking about someone's health condition.
n da (んだ), n desu (んです)
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #3 - WHAT'S THE JAPANESE DIAGNOSIS? 7
We use n da and its formal form, -n desu, for giving and asking for explanations. In written language, we more commonly use no da or no desu.
In the dialogue, Mr. Shimoyama said Atama ga itain da ( 頭が痛いんだ。) because Erika was worrying about him and he was trying to explain why he didn't look well. If he had simply said Atama ga itai (頭が痛い。), it would sound as if he was just stating the fact and it may have come off as a little abrupt. By adding n da to the sentence, it makes it clearer that the speaker is trying to explain something or make a point.
Let's compare the following sentences.
1. 僕は彼女がいます。 Boku wa kanojo ga imasu. "I have a girlfriend."
2. 僕は彼女がいるんです。 Boku wa kanojo ga irundesu. "I have a girlfriend."
Both sentences mean "I have a girlfriend." However, the first sentence is simply stating the fact that you have a girlfriend. However, in the second sentence, you're trying to explain or imply something by saying that you have a girlfriend. For example, "The fact is that I have a girlfriend, so I'm not interested in you" or something to that effect.
Format ion
• [inf ormal sentence] ＋n da/n desu.
*When n da or n desu directly follows the affirmative form of a na-adjective or a noun, we insert na between them.
Sample Sent ences Verb ＋ n da/n desu
1. 明日、彼女の両親の家に行くんです。 Ashita, kanojo no ryōshin no uchi ni iku n desu. "I'm going to visit my girlfriend's parents. (So I'm nervous.)" i-adject ive ＋n da/n desu
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #3 - WHAT'S THE JAPANESE DIAGNOSIS? 8 1. このケーキはおいしいんですよ。 Kono kēki wa oishii n desu yo. "This cake is delicious. (So please have some.)" na-adject ive ＋ na ＋ n da/n desu
1. 私はタバコが嫌いなんです。 Watashi wa tabako ga kirai na n desu. "I hate smoking. (So please don't smoke.)"
Noun ＋na ＋ n da/n desu
1. わたしはまだ19歳なんです。 Watashi wa mada jūkyū-sai na n desu. "I'm still nineteen years old. (So I can't drink alcohol.)"
*Since we use n da or n desu when asking for an explanation, we often use them with "wh-" words.
For Example:
1. どこに行くんですか。 Doko ni iku n desu ka. "Where are you headed?"
2. どうしたんですか。 Dōshita n desu ka. "What happened?"
Vocabulary Words and Phrases Describing a Physical Condit ion
1. [subject] wa [body part] ga itai. ⇒ (私は)お腹が痛い。 (Watashi wa) onaka ga itai.
2. ⇒ 熱がある netsu ga aru "to have a fever"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #3 - WHAT'S THE JAPANESE DIAGNOSIS? 9 3. ⇒ せきがでる seki ga deru "to have a cough"
4. ⇒ 具合が悪い guai ga warui ⇒ 体調が悪い taichō ga warui "to feel sick"
5. ⇒ 顔色が悪い kaoiro ga warui "to look pale"
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• [Subject] wa [body part] ga itai ⇒ Newbie Series Season 3 Lesson 12 • Mō＋[Past tense of a verb] ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 40 and 41
Mada＋[te form of a verb] nai/masen ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 40 and • 41 • [te form of a verb]＋mo ii desu ka ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 15
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #3 - WHAT'S THE JAPANESE DIAGNOSIS? 10 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #4 I Could Use Some Help Shopping in Japan!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 8 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 9 Grammar # 4
COPYRIGHT © 2017 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. (花屋)
2. 店員: いらっしゃいませ。
3. 大空 晴夜: あのぉ、病院に 花を 持って行きたいんですが。
4. 店員: お見舞い ですか。
5. 大空 晴夜: ええ。妻に。
6. 男の子を 産んだんです。
7. 店員: おめでとうございます！
8. 大空 晴夜: で、明るい色の 花束が 欲しいんですけど。
9. 店員: そうですか。
10. 今 人気が あるお花は、チューリップと バラです。
11. 大空 晴夜: うーん。バラは ちょっと・・・。
12. じゃ、その 黄色い チューリップを 10本ください。
13. 店員: この オレンジ色の も 人気が ありますよ。
14. 大空 晴夜: じゃ、黄色いのとオレンジ色のを10本ずつください。
KANA
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 2 1. (はなや)
2. てんいん: いらっしゃいませ。
3. おおぞら はるや: あのぉ、びょういんに はなを もって いきたいんですが。
4. てんいん: おみまいですか。
5. おおぞら はるや: ええ。つまに。
6. おとこのこを うんだんです。
7. てんいん: おめでとうございます！
8. おおぞら はるや: で、あかるいいろの はなたばが ほしいんですけど。
9. てんいん: そうですか。
10. いま にんきが ある おはなは、チューリップと バラです。
11. おおぞら はるや: うーん。バラは ちょっと・・・。
12. じゃ、そのきいろいチューリップを じゅっぽん ください。
13. てんいん: この オレンジいろの も にんきがありますよ。
14. おおぞら はるや: じゃ、きいろいの と オレンジいろの を じゅっぽん ずつ ください。
ROMANIZATION
1. ( hanaya)
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 3 2. TEN'IN: Irasshaimase.
3. ŌZORA HARUYA: Anō, byōin ni hana o motte ikitain desu ga.
4. TEN'IN: O-mimai desu ka.
5. ŌZORA HARUYA: Ee. Tsuma ni.
6. Otoko no ko o undan desu.
7. TEN'IN: Omedetō gozaimasu!
8. ŌZORA HARUYA: De, akarui iro no hana-taba ga hoshiin desu kedo.
9. TEN'IN: Sō desu ka.
10. Ima ninki ga aruo hana wa, chūrippu to bara desu.
11. ŌZORA HARUYA: Ūn. Bara wa chotto...
12. Ja, sono kiiroi chūrippu o juppon kudasai.
13. TEN'IN: Kono orenji iro no mo ninki ga arimasu yo.
14. ŌZORA HARUYA: Ja, kiiroi no to orenji iro no o juppon zutsu kudasai.
ENGLISH
1. (At the florist)
2. SHOP Welcome. ASSISTANT:
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 4 3. HARUYA ŌZORA: Um, I want some flowers to take to the hospital...
4. SHOP Are you paying a visit to someone in the hospital? ASSISTANT:
5. HARUYA ŌZORA: Yes. My wife.
6. She's just had a baby boy.
7. SHOP Congratulations! ASSISTANT:
8. HARUYA ŌZORA: So I want a brightly colored bouquet.
9. SHOP I see. ASSISTANT:
10. The flowers popular at the moment are tulips and roses.
11. HARUYA ŌZORA: Hmm... I don't know about roses...
12. Okay, I'll take ten of those yellow tulips, please.
13. SHOP These orange ones are also popular. ASSISTANT:
14. HARUYA ŌZORA: All right, then ten each of the yellow and the orange ones, please.
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English Class
flower shop, 花屋 はなや hana-ya florist
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 5 counter for long, 本 ほん/ぽん/ぼん hon/pon/bon slender objects
オレンジ色 オレンジいろ orenji iro orange color
黄色い きいろい kiiroi yellow;Adj (i)
バラ バラ bara rose, roses
人気 にんき ninki popular; Noun
want, wish for; 欲しい ほしい hoshii Adj(i)
bunch of 花束 はなたば hanataba flowers, bouquet
色 いろ iro color noun
cheerful, 明るい あかるい akarui bright;Adj(i)
男の子 おとこのこ otoko-no-ko boy, boys
to give birth, to 産む うむ umu bear;V1
one's wife 妻 つま tsuma (humble)
calling on someone who お見舞い おみまい o-mimai is ill
病院 びょういん byōin hospital noun
shop employee, 店員 てんいん ten'in clerk
to take, to carry something 持って行く もっていく motte iku away;V1
花 はな hana flower noun
adverbial ずつ ずつ zutsu each particle
SAMPLE SENTENCES
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 6 花屋はどこですか。 ジーンズを3本買った。 Hana-ya wa doko desu ka. Jīnzu o san-bon katta.
Where's the florist? I bought three pairs of jeans.
オレンジ色のシャツが欲しい。 あの黄色い花の名前は、何ですか。 Orenji-iro no shatsu ga hoshii. Ano kiiroi hana no namae wa nan desu ka.
I want an orange shirt. What's the name of that yellow flower over there?
バラが大好きです。 日本のアニメは人気がある。 Bara ga daisuki desu. Nihon no anime wa ninki ga aru.
I love roses. Japanese anime is very popular.
今、何が欲しいですか。 誕生日にバラの花束をもらいました。 Ima nani ga hoshii desu ka. Tanjōbi ni bara no hanataba o moraimashita.
What do you want right now? I got a bunch of roses for my birthday.
私の好きな色はグレーです。 何色が好きですか。 Watashi no suki na iro wa gurē desu. Nani iro ga suki desu ka?
My favorite color is grey. What color do you like?
明るい人が好きです。 男の子より女の子のほうがせが高い。 Akarui hito ga suki desu. Otoko no ko yori onna no ko no hō ga se ga takai. I like cheerful people. Girls are taller than boys.
今年、姉は子どもを産みました。 僕の妻はフランス人です。 Kotoshi, ane wa kodomo o umimashita. Boku no tsuma wa Furansu-jin desu.
My older sister delivered a baby this year. My wife is French.
病気の友だちに、お見舞いカードを書い 病院はどこですか。 Byōin wa doko desu ka. た。 Byōki no tomodachi ni o-mimai kādo o kaita. Where is the hospital? I wrote a get-well card to my friend who was sick.
すみません。店員さんですか。 クレジットカードを持って行かなかった。 Sumimasen. Ten'in-san desu ka. Kurejitto kādo o motte ikanakatta.
Excuse me, are you a clerk here? I didn't take my credit card with me.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 7 彼は毎朝花に水をやります。 彼女に花をプレゼントした。 Kare wa maiasa hana ni mizu o yarimasu. Kanojo ni hana o purezento shita.
He waters flowers every morning. I gave my girlfriend flowers.
１日１回、１カプセルずつ飲んでください。 Ichi-nichi ikkai, hito-kapuseru zutsu nonde kudasai.
Please take one capsule once a day.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
本: A Counter for Long, Slender Objects
When 本[ hon/bon/pon] is attached to a number, it works as a counter for long, slender objects. See the chart below for the phonetic changes of 本.
Counter Phonetic Change
一本 ippon
二本 ni-hon
三本 san-bon
四本 yon-hon
五本 go-hon
六本 roppon
七本 nana-hon
八本 happon
九本 kyū-hon
十本 juppon
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 8 何本 nanhon/nanbon
When you say what you want using an amount, we usually insert the particle o (を) between the item and the amount. See the sample below.
For Example:
1. バラをください。 Bara o kudasai. "Could I have some roses?" → バラを10本 ください Bara o juppon kudasai. "Could I have ten roses?" zutsu (ずつ)
Zutsu is a particle that expresses equal distribution of quantity, and we place it after an amount. It corresponds to "by," "at a time," or "each" in English.
1. バラとチューリップを十本ずつ買いました。 Bara to chūrippu o juppon zutsu kaimashita. "I bought ten roses and ten tulips (ten of each)."
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Usef ul Phrases and Expressions f or Shopping.
明るい色の 花束が 欲しいんですけど。 Akarui iro no hana-t aba ga hoshiin desu kedo. "So I want a bright ly colored bouquet ."
In this lesson, you'll learn some useful phrases for shopping situations, and we'll also review the usage of the phrase n da and modifying clauses.
Review One: んですけど / んですが
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 9 In the previous lesson, you learned that we use n da and its formal form n desu for giving and asking for an explanation.
We often use the phrases n desu ga or n desu kedo as a prelude to a request or invitation. Sometimes the rest of the sentence is left off if what the speaker is asking for is already clear from context.
When shopping for something, customers often end their sentences with n desu ga or n desu kedo when telling the shop clerk what they want.
Sample Sentences
1. すみません。トイレに行きたいんですが。 Sumimasen. Toire ni ikitaindesu ga. "Excuse me. I want to go to the bathroom, but... (could you tell me where it is?)"
2. 黄色いシャツを探しているんですけど。 Kiiroi shatsu o sagashiteirun desu kedo. "I'm looking for a yellow shirt, but (where can I find them?)"
3. バラの花束が欲しいんですが。 Bara no hanataba ga hoshiin desu ga. "I'd like a bouquet of roses, but (could you make one?)"
Review Two: Modif ying Clauses
The usage of modifying clauses is covered in Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 49. In this lesson, you'll review the usage of modifying clauses and learn a new particle rule.
As we learned in Lesson 49, unlike modifying clauses in English, modifying clauses in Japanese come bef ore the noun.
For Example:
1. 黄色い花を持っている人. Kiiroi hana o motteiru hit o. "The person who is holding yellow flowers."
2. あの人が持っている花 Ano hito ga motteiru hana "The f lower(s) that person is holding"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 10 If there's a subject in a relative clause, we should mark the subject by either ga or no, but not wa.
So we can replace the particle ga in the second sentence with the particle no.
For Example:
1. あの人の持っている花 Ano hito no motteiru hana "the flower(s) that person is holding"
In the dialogue, the florist said:
1. 今 人気が あるお花は、チューリップと バラです。 Ima ninki ga aru o-hana wa, chūrippu to bara desu.] "The flowers popular at the moment are tulips and roses." but this sentence could also be:
1. 今 人気の あるお花は、チューリップと バラです。 Ima ninki no aru o-hana wa, chūrippu to bara desu. "The flowers popular at the moment are tulips and roses."
Sample Sentences
1. 私の彼氏が作るカレーはおいしいです。 Watashi no kareshi ga tsukuru karē wa oishii desu. "The curry my boyfriend makes is tasty."
2. 私の友達の買った車は高いです。 Watashi no tomodachi no katta kuruma wa takai desu. "The car my friend bought is expensive."
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• noun ＋ga hoshii ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 4
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 11 • masu stem of a verb＋tai ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 4, 5 • te form of a verb＋iku ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4, Lesson 17 • Dependent indefinite pronoun no ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4, Lesson 34 • Usage of -zutsu ⇒ Lower Beginner Series Season 2, Lesson 15
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #4 - I COULD USE SOME HELP SHOPPING IN JAPAN! 12 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #5 You Should Do What This Person Says in Japanese
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 6 Grammar
# 5
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. (病院)
2. 医者: インフルエンザかもしれませんね。 しばらく、会社を 休んだ方が いいですね。
3. 下山 新: 来週、出張に 行かなくてはいけないんですが・・・。
4. 医者: 無理かもしれませんね。
5. 下山 新: とても 大事な 仕事なんです！
6. 医者: うーん。じゃ、朝、昼、晩、一日三回、食事の 後に、この薬を 飲ん でください。 それから、お風呂に 入ってはいけませんよ。
7. 下山 新: シャワーは 浴びても いいですか。
8. 医者: シャワーも 浴びない方が いいですね。 早く 帰って ねてください。
9. 下山 新: わかりました。
KANA
1. (びょういん)
2. いしゃ: インフルエンザかもしれませんね。 しばらく、かいしゃを やすんだほうが いいですね。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #5 - YOU SHOULD DO WHAT THIS PERSON SAYS IN JAPANESE 2 3. しもやま しん: らいしゅう、しゅっちょうに いかなくては いけないんです が・・・。
4. いしゃ: むり かもしれませんね。
5. しもやま しん: とても だいじな しごとなんです！
6. いしゃ: うーん。じゃ、あさ、ひる、ばん、いちにち さんかい、しょくじの あとに、この くすりを のんでください。 それから、おふろに はいっては いけませんよ。
7. しもやま しん: シャワーは あびても いいですか。
8. いしゃ: シャワーもあびないほうが いいですね。 はやくかえって ねてください。
9. しもやま しん: わかりました。
ROMANIZATION
1. (Byōin)
2. ISHA: Infuruenza kamo shiremasen ne. Shibaraku, kaisha o yasunda hōga ii desu ne.
3. SHIMOYAMA Raishū, shucchō ni ikanakutewa ikenain desu ga... SHIN:
4. ISHA: Muri kamo shiremasen ne.
5. SHIMOYAMA Totemo daijina shigoto nan desu! SHIN:
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #5 - YOU SHOULD DO WHAT THIS PERSON SAYS IN JAPANESE 3 6. ISHA: Ūn. ja, asa, hiru, ban, ichi-nichi san-kai, shokuji no ato ni, kono kusuri o nonde kudasai. Sorekara, o-furo ni haitte wa ikemasen yo.
7. SHIMOYAMA Shawā wa abite mo ii desu ka. SHIN:
8. ISHA: Shawā mo abinai hōga ii desu ne. Hayaku kaette nete kudasai.
9. SHIMOYAMA Wakarimashita. SHIN:
ENGLISH
1. (At the hospital)
2. DOCTOR: It's possibly influenza. You should take a few days off work.
3. SHIN But I have to go on a business trip next week... SHIMOYAMA:
4. DOCTOR: That's probably going to be impossible.
5. SHIN It's a very important task! SHIMOYAMA:
6. DOCTOR: Hmm. Well then, please take this medicine morning, afternoon, and evening, three times a day, after eating. And you cannot take any baths.
7. SHIN Am I allowed to take showers? SHIMOYAMA:
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #5 - YOU SHOULD DO WHAT THIS PERSON SAYS IN JAPANESE 4 8. DOCTOR: It's better not to take any showers. Please go home immediately and sleep.
9. SHIN All right. SHIMOYAMA:
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
医者 いしゃ isha doctor
仕事 しごと shigoto work, job
to sleep, to go to ねる ねる neru bed;V2
to shower, to 浴びる あびる abiru bathe;V2
シャワー シャワー shawā shower
お風呂 おふろ o-furo bath
薬 くすり kusuri medicine
食事 しょくじ shokuji meal
counter for the 回 かい kai number of times
晩 ばん ban evening
important, valuable; 大事 だいじ daiji Adj(na)
出張 しゅっちょう shucchō business trip
to be absent, to have 休む やすむ yasumu a break, to rest;V1
インフルエンザ インフルエンザ infuruenza influenza, the flu
a little while, a short しばらく しばらく shibaraku while
SAMPLE SENTENCES
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #5 - YOU SHOULD DO WHAT THIS PERSON SAYS IN JAPANESE 5 医者に行きます。 仕事をください。 Isha ni ikimasu. Shigoto o kudasai.
I'll go see a doctor. Please give me a job.
何時にねますか。 朝、シャワーを浴びます。 Nan-ji ni nemasu ka? Asa shawā o abimasu.
What time do you go to bed? I take a shower in the morning.
シャワーとお風呂とどちらが好きですか。 一日に二回お風呂に入る。 Shawā to o-furo to dochira ga suki desu ka? Ichinichi ni nikai o-furo ni hairu.
Do you like taking showers or taking baths? I take a bath twice a day.
薬を飲みます。 食事に行きませんか。 Kusuri o nomimasu. Shokuji ni ikimasen ka.
I'll take medicine. Why don't we go out for a meal?
一日一回、この薬を飲んで下さい。 わたしは、晩ごはんを5時に食べる。 Ichi-nichi i-kkai, kono kusuri o nonde kudasai. Watashi wa ban-gohan o go-ji ni taberu.
Please take this medicine once a day. I eat supper at 5.
お金は大事です。 出張ですか。 O-kane wa daiji desu. Shucchō desu ka.
Money is important. Are you here on business?
田中さんはよく会社を休みます。 去年、インフルエンザになりました。 Tanaka-san wa yoku kaisha o yasumimasu. Kyonen infuruenza ni narimashita.
Mr./Ms. Tanaka often takes time off from work. I got the flu last year.
しばらく、仕事を休みます。 Shibaraku shigoto o yasumimasu.
I'll take some time off from work.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Howto Make a Strong Suggestion and Express a Sense of Obligation.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #5 - YOU SHOULD DO WHAT THIS PERSON SAYS IN JAPANESE 6 しばらく、会社を休んだ方がいいですね。 Shibaraku, kaisha o yasunda hō ga ii desu ne. "You should t ake a f ew days of f work."
In this lesson, you'll learn useful phrases for asking and giving advice. You will also learn how to say that you have to do something.
〜たほうがいい / 〜たほうがいいです
Hō ga ii is a phrase that attaches to the informal past form (ta form) of a verb or the negative informal form (nai form) of a verb and expresses a strong suggestion. It's equivalent to "should do" or "should not do." To make this phrase polite, simply add desu to the end of it.
Format ion
[ Verb; Informal past form of a verb (ta form) ] ＋ hō ＋ ga ii • → "Should..."
[ Verb; Informal negative form of a verb (nai form) ] ＋ hō ＋ ga ii • → "Should not..."
Sample Sentences
1. 運動したほうがいい。 Undō shita hō ga ii. "You should exercise."
2. 運動しないほうがいい。 Undō shinai hō ga ii. "You shouldn't exercise."
3. 明日、会社に来たほうがいいですか。 Ashita, kaisha ni kita hō ga ii desu ka. "Should I come in to work tomorrow?"
Sample Conversations
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #5 - YOU SHOULD DO WHAT THIS PERSON SAYS IN JAPANESE 7 1. A: クレジットカードをなくしました。 Kurejitto kādo o nakushimashita. "I lost my credit card." B: 今すぐ、カード会社に電話したほうがいいですよ。 Ima sugu, kādo gaisha ni denwa shit a hō ga ii desu yo. "You should call the credit card company right away."
2. A: のどが痛いです。 Nodo ga itai desu. "My throat hurts." B: タバコをすわないほうがいいですよ。 Tabako o suwanai hō ga ii desu yo. "You shouldn't smoke."
〜なくてはいけない /〜なくてはいけません
The first part, nakutewa, means "If you don't do..." and the latter half, ikemasen, means "you can't go." So this phrase literally means "If you don't do..., you can't go" or "You can't go without doing..." and it expresses a sense of duty or obligation. It corresponds to the auxiliary verbs "must" or "have to" in English.
Format ion
Step 1: Change a verb into the nai form (informal negative form).
1. iku → ikanai
Step 2: Omit the final nai.
1. ikanai → ika
Step 3: Add nakutewa ikenai or nakutewa ikemasen
1. ika → ikanakute wa ikenai or ikanakute wa ikemasen
Sample Sentences
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #5 - YOU SHOULD DO WHAT THIS PERSON SAYS IN JAPANESE 8 1. 今週の日曜日、会社に行かなくてはいけない。 Konshū no nichi-yōbi kaisha ni ikanakutewa ikenai. "I have to go to work this Sunday."
2. 明日の朝、早く起きなくてはいけません。 Ashita no asa, hayaku okinakutewa ikemasen. "I have to get up early tomorrow morning."
In informal conversation, we often shorten te wa, as in te wa ikemasen, to cha.
1. 会社に行かなくちゃいけない。 Kaisha ni ikanakucha ikenai. "I have to go to work."
If you drop ikenai, it sounds even more colloquial.
1. 会社に行かなくちゃ。 Kaisha ni ikanakucha. "I've gotta go to work."
How t o Express Frequency
You can express how often something happens by using the phrase: [Time duration] ＋ni + [ number ]＋kai. We sometimes omit the particle ni after the time duration.
Japanese Romanization "English"
[A]ni [B]kai "[B] times per [A]"
一日に一回 ichinichi ni ikkai "once a day"
一週間に二回 isshūkan ni ni-kai "twice a week"
一ヶ月に三回 ikkagetsu ni san-kai "three times a month"
For Example:
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #5 - YOU SHOULD DO WHAT THIS PERSON SAYS IN JAPANESE 9 1. 私は一年に一回旅行をします。 Watashi wa ichi-nen ni ikkai ryokō o shimasu. "I go on a trip once a year."
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• kamo shiremasen ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 1 • n desu ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 3 • [noun]＋no ato ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 2 • [verb]＋ te wa ikemasen ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 15 • [verb]＋ te mo ii desu ka ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 15
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #5 - YOU SHOULD DO WHAT THIS PERSON SAYS IN JAPANESE 10 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #6 I Want You to Visit Me in Japan!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 6 Grammar
# 6
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 下山 新: ハ、ハ、ハックション！
2. (リンリンリン)
3. 下山 新: もしもし。
4. 遠井 歩: あのさ、上司から映画のタダ券をもらったから、久しぶりに映画に 付き合って欲しいんだ。
5. 下山 新: ごめん。無理。 体調悪くて、家でねているんだ。
6. 遠井 歩: え？大丈夫？
7. 下山 新: さっき、医者に行って来た。 「インフルエンザかもしれないので、会社を休んだ方がいいです よ」って言ってた。 病気で会社を休みたくないんだよなぁ。 今忙しいし、来週出張にも行くし・・・。(ケホケホ） 見舞いに来て欲しいなぁ・・・（ケホケホ）
8. 遠井 歩: ・・・あ、上司が呼んでいるから、行かなきゃ。じゃあ。
KANA
1. しもやま しん: ハ、ハ、ハックション！
2. しもやま しん: もしもし。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #6 - I WANT YOU TO VISIT ME IN JAPAN! 2 3. とおい あゆむ: あのさ、じょうしから えいがの タダけんを もらったから、ひさしぶ りに えいがに つきあって ほしいんだ。
4. しもやま しん: ごめん。むり。 たいちょう わるくて、うちで ねているんだ。
5. とおい あゆむ: え？だいじょうぶ？
6. しもやま しん: さっき、いしゃに いってきた。 「インフルエンザかもしれないので、かいしゃを やすんだほうが い いですよ」っていってた。 びょうきで かいしゃを やすみたくないんだよなぁ。 いま いそがしいし、らいしゅう しゅっちょうにも いくし・・・。 (ケホケホ） みまいに きて ほしいなぁ・・・（ケホケホ）
7. とおい あゆむ: ・・・あ、じょうしが よんでいるから、いかなきゃ。じゃあ。
ROMANIZATION
1. SHIMOYAMA Ha, ha, hakkushon! SHIN:
2. SHIMOYAMA Moshimoshi. SHIN:
3. TŌI AYUMU: Ano sa, jōshi kara eiga no tada ken o moratta kara, hisashiburi ni eiga ni tsukiatte hoshiin da.
4. SHIMOYAMA Gomen. Muri. SHIN: Taichō warukute, uchi de neteirun da.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #6 - I WANT YOU TO VISIT ME IN JAPAN! 3 5. TŌI AYUMU: E? daijōbu?
6. SHIMOYAMA Sakki, isha ni itte kita. SHIN: "Infuruenza kamo shirenai node, kaisha o yasunda hō ga ii desu yo" tte itsutteta. Byōki de kaisha o yasumitakunain dayo nā. Ima isogashiishi, raishū shucchō ni mo iku shi....(keho keho) Mimai ni kite hoshii nā...(keho keho)
7. TŌI AYUMU: ...A, jōshi ga yondeiru kara, ikanakya. Jā.
ENGLISH
1. SHIN A…a…achoo! SHIMOYAMA:
2. (Phone rings)
3. SHIN Hello? SHIMOYAMA:
4. AYUMU TŌI: Hey, I got free movie tickets from my boss, so I want you to come with me for old times' sake.
5. SHIN Sorry, I can't. SHIMOYAMA: I'm not well. I'm at home in bed.
6. AYUMU TŌI: Huh? Are you okay?
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #6 - I WANT YOU TO VISIT ME IN JAPAN! 4 7. SHIN I just went to the doctor. SHIMOYAMA: She was saying it might be flu and that I'd better take some time off work. I really don't want to take time off for illness... Things are really busy at the moment, and I'm going on a business trip next week... (cough cough) I want you to come and visit me! (cough cough)
8. AYUMU TŌI: Oh, my boss is calling me, so I have to go. See you.
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
映画 えいが eiga movie
呼ぶ よぶ yobu to call; V1
忙しい いそがしい isogashii busy; Adj(i)
病気 びょうき byōki sickness, illness
to keep company with, to go out with; 付き合う つきあう tsukiau V1
もらう もらう morau to receive, to get; V1
券 けん ken ticket
ただ ただ tada free
上司 じょうし jōshi boss
体調 たいちょう taichō physical condition
SAMPLE SENTENCES
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #6 - I WANT YOU TO VISIT ME IN JAPAN! 5 有名な日本人映画監督には、黒沢明、山田 私は映画が好きです。 Watashi wa eiga ga suki desu. 洋次、北野武がいます。 yūmeina nihonjin eiga kantoku niwa, Kurosawa I like movies. Akira, Yamada Yōji, Kitano Takeshi ga imasu.
Some famous Japanese movie directors are Akira Kurosawa, Yoji Yamada and Takeshi Kitano.
ジョナサンと呼んでください。 今日、私は忙しいです。 Jonasan to yonde kudasai. Kyō watashi wa isogashii desu.
Please call me Jonathan. Today, I'm busy.
病気で会社を休みました。 ちょっと、買い物に付き合って。 Byōki de kaisha o yasumimashita. Chotto, kaimono ni tsukiatte.
I didn't go to work because I was sick. Will you go shopping with me?
妻からPSPをもらいました。 クーポン券、あります。 Tsuma kara PSP o moraimashita. Kūpon-ken, arimasu.
I got a PSP (Playstation Portable)from my wife. I have a coupon.
お茶はただです。でも、コーヒーは100円 私の上司はとてもいい人です。 Watashi no jōshi wa totemo ii hito desu. です。 Ocha wa tada desu. Demo Kōhī wa hyaku-en My boss is a very nice person. desu.
Tea is free, but the coffee is 100yen.
体調が悪いです。 Taichō ga warui desu.
I don't feel well.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Expressing One's Desires or Thought s. 来て欲しいなぁ Kit e hoshii nā. "I want you t o come."
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #6 - I WANT YOU TO VISIT ME IN JAPAN! 6 In this lesson, you'll learn how to say "I want you to do something" in Japanese. You'll also review useful expressions for giving reasons.
〜てほしい / 〜てほしいです
We introduced the usage of the adjective hoshii, meaning "want," in Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 4. In this lesson, you'll learn the usage of hoshii as an auxiliary verb. When hoshii follows a te form of a verb, it express the idea of wanting someone to act in a certain way or "to want someone to do something."
Format ion
[Person] ＋ ni ＋ [Verb in te-form] ＋ hoshii → "I want [person] to [verb]"
If you want the person you're talking with to do something, you would usually omit the part [person] plus ni. In this lesson, we'll just focus on the phrase "I want you to do..."
For Example:
1. (わたしは)（あなたに）来てほしい。 (Watashi wa)(anata ni) kite hoshii. "I want you to come."
Sample Sentences
1. 日本語を教えて欲しいです。 Nihongo o oshiet e hoshii desu. "I want you to teach me Japanese."
2. 話を聞いて欲しい。 Hanashi o kiit e hoshii. "I want you to listen to me (my story)."
3. 一緒に来て欲しい。 Issho ni kit e hoshii. "I want you to come with me."
4. うちに帰ってほしい。 Uchi ni kaet t e hoshii. "I want you to go home."
When hoshii follows the informal negative form of a verb (nai form) plus de, it expresses
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #6 - I WANT YOU TO VISIT ME IN JAPAN! 7 the idea of wanting someone to refrain from doing something.
Format ion
[Verb in nai f orm] ＋ de hoshii → "I don't want you t o [verb]"
Sample Sentences
1. 怒らないで欲しい。 Okoranai de hoshii. "I don't want you to get angry."
2. 英語を使わないで欲しいです。 Eigo o tsukawanai de hoshii desu. "I don't want you to use English."
Review: How t o Give Reasons
Conjunction Kara
The conjunctions kara and node appear at the end of a sentence or between two phrases and indicate a reason. It is said that node has more of an objective connotation than kara. Therefore, we tend to use node more in formal situations.
1. 寒かったから、家にいた。 Samukatta kara uchi ni ita. "Since it was cold, I stayed at home."
2. ただ券があるから、一緒に映画に行かない。 Tadaken ga aru kara, issho ni eiga ni ikanai? "I have free tickets, so want to go to a movie with me?"
3. 今ちょっと忙しいので、後で電話します。 Ima chotto isogashii node ato de denwa shimasu. "I'm a little busy at the moment, so I'll call you later."
-shi -shi
We introduced the usage of the conjunctions shi and kara in Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 37. As we explained in that lesson, shi indicates a reason or cause, and we can translate it as "among other things," "what's more," or "not only A but also B" in English. Shi implies that other reasons or causes exist besides those mentioned. In the dialogue, Shin explained why he didn't want to take time off by saying the
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #6 - I WANT YOU TO VISIT ME IN JAPAN! 8 following sentence:
1. 今忙しいし、来週出張にも行くし・・・ Ima isogashii shi, raishū shucchō ni mo iku shi... "(Among other things...) Things are really busy at the moment, and I'm going on a business trip next week..."
Te Form and Part icle De
The te form of a verb or adjective or the particle de can indicate a weak causal relationship between two conditions or events. De directly follows nouns.
For Example:
1. インフルエンザで会社を休んだ。 Infuruenza de kaisha o yasunda. "I took time off from work due to the flu."
Review: Report ed Speech
In Beginner Season 4 Lesson 46, you learned the usage of reported speech using [quote] to itte imashita or [quote] to itte ita. We often replace the quotation particle to with tte and we often drop the first -i sound in imashita or -ita in everyday conversation.
For Example:
[Quote] と言っていました → [Quote]って言ってました [Quote] to itteimashita. [Quote] to ittemashita
[Quote] と言っていた → [Quote]って言ってた [Quote] to itteita [Quote] to itteta
1. 田中さんは東京が大好きだって言ってた。 Tanaka-san wa Tokyo ga daisuki da t t e it t et a. "Mr. Tanaka said that he liked Tokyo very much."
Ref erence
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #6 - I WANT YOU TO VISIT ME IN JAPAN! 9 Please also review the following grammar point:
• [verb]＋ nakucha ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 5
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #6 - I WANT YOU TO VISIT ME IN JAPAN! 10 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #7 I'm Thinking about What to Do Later in Japan
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 6 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 7
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 遠井 歩: あー。おもしろかった。1年ぶりに映画みた。 ずっとみたいと思っていたんだ。
2. 近森 渡: これから、友達と飲みに行こうと思っているんだ。 よかったら、一緒に来ない。
3. 遠井 歩: うーん。彼の具合が悪いから、お見舞いに行こうと思ってたんだ。
4. 近森 渡: そっか。彼氏、来られなくて、残念だったね。 ・・・え？あれ、歩の彼氏じゃない？
5. 遠井 歩: え？
6. 近森 渡: ほら、あの花束を持っている人。
7. 遠井 歩: どの人？
8. 近森 渡: 山川病院の前にいる人。
9. 遠井 歩: ・・・本当だ。体調が悪いから、病院に行くんだと思う。
10. 近森 渡: でも、花束もってるよ。
11. 遠井 歩: ・・・どういうこと。
KANA
1. とおい あゆむ: あー。おもしろかった。いちねんぶりに えいが みた。 ずっと みたい と おもって いたんだ。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #7 - I'M THINKING ABOUT WHAT TO DO LATER IN JAPAN 2 2. ちかもり わたる: これから、ともだちと のみに いこうと おもっているんだ。 よかったら、いっしょに こない？
3. とおい あゆむ: うーん。かれの ぐあいが わるいから、おみまいに いこう と おもっ てたんだ。
4. ちかもり わたる: そっか。かれし、こられなくて、ざんねんだったね。 ・・・え？あれ、あゆむの かれしじゃない？
5. とおい あゆむ: え？
6. ちかもり わたる: ほら、あのはなたばを もっているひと。
7. とおい あゆむ: どのひと？
8. ちかもり わたる: やまかわびょういんのまえにいるひと。
9. とおい あゆむ: ・・・ほんとうだ。たいちょうがわるいから、びょういんにいくん だ と おもう。
10. ちかもり わたる: でも、はなたば もってる よ。
11. とおい あゆむ: ・・・どういうこと。
ROMANIZATION
1. TŌI AYUMU: Ā. Omoshirokatta. Ichi-nen buri ni eiga mita. Zutto mitai to omotte ita nda.
2. CHIKAMORI Kore kara, tomodachi to nomi ni ikō to omotte irunda. WATARU: Yokattara, isshoni konai.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #7 - I'M THINKING ABOUT WHAT TO DO LATER IN JAPAN 3 3. TŌI AYUMU: Ūn. Kare no guai ga warui kara, o-mimai ni ikō to omotte tanda.
4. CHIKAMORI Sokka. kareshi, korarenakute, zannen dattane. WATARU: ...E? are, Ayumu no kareshi janai?
5. TŌI AYUMU: E?
6. CHIKAMORI Hora, ano hanataba o motte iru hito. WATARU:
7. TŌI AYUMU: Dono hito?
8. CHIKAMORI Yamakawa byōin no mae ni iru hito. WATARU:
9. TŌI AYUMU: ... Hontō da. Taichō ga warui kara, byōin ni ikunda to omou.
10. CHIKAMORI Demo, hanataba motteru yo. WATARU:
11. TŌI AYUMU: ...Dōiu koto?
ENGLISH
1. AYUMU TŌI: Ah, that was really interesting. The first movie I've seen in a whole year. I was wanting to see it for ages.
2. WATARU I'm thinking about going drinking with some friends after this. If you CHIKAMORI: like, why don't you come along?
3. AYUMU TŌI: Hmm... My boyfriend's not feeling well, so I was thinking I'd go and visit him.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #7 - I'M THINKING ABOUT WHAT TO DO LATER IN JAPAN 4 4. WATARU I see. It's a shame your boyfriend couldn't come... Huh? Ayumu, isn't CHIKAMORI: that your boyfriend?
5. AYUMU TŌI: Huh?
6. WATARU Look, that person with the bouquet of flowers. CHIKAMORI:
7. AYUMU TŌI: Which person?
8. WATARU The person standing in front of Yamakawa Hospital. CHIKAMORI:
9. AYUMU TŌI: So it is. He's not feeling well, so he's probably going to the hospital.
10. WATARU But he's holding a bouquet of flowers. CHIKAMORI:
11. AYUMU TŌI: What's going on?
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
ずっと ずっと zutto for a long time
飲みに行く のみにいく nomi ni iku to go out for a drink
What's that どういうこと どういうこと dōiu koto supposed to mean?
to hold, to carry, to 持つ もつ motsu possess; V1
bunch of flowers, 花束 はなたば hanataba bouquet
too bad, 残念 ざんねん zannen regrettable;Adj(na)
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #7 - I'M THINKING ABOUT WHAT TO DO LATER IN JAPAN 5 一緒に いっしょに issho ni together
if you like, if you よかったら よかったら yokattara don't mind
思う おもう omou to think, to feel; V1
どの (noun) どの (noun) dono (noun) which (noun)
SAMPLE SENTENCES
ずっと雨が降っている。 飲みに行かない？ Zutto ame ga futte iru. Nomi ni ikanai?
It's been raining for awhile. Do you want to go out for a drink?
これは、どういうことでしょうか。 私は車を持っています。 Kore wa dōiu koto deshō ka. Watashi wa kuruma o motte imasu.
What's this supposed to mean? I have a car.
誕生日にバラの花束をもらいました。 残念ですね。 Tanjōbi ni bara no hanataba o moraimashita. Zannen desu ne.
I got a bunch of roses for my birthday. That's too bad.
一緒にコンサートに行きましょう。 よかったら、映画に行きませんか。 Isshoni konsāto ni ikimashō. Yokattara, eiga ni ikimasen ka.
Let's go to a concert together. If you don't mind, would you like to go and watch a movie?
どう思いますか。 どこの国が好きですか。 Dō omoimasu ka. Doko no kuni ga suki desu ka.
What do you think? Which country do you like?
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
...buri (...ぶり) "first time in..." When we attach buri to a word, it expresses time duration and it adds the meaning "first time in [the period]."
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #7 - I'M THINKING ABOUT WHAT TO DO LATER IN JAPAN 6 For Example:
1. １ヶ月ぶり ikkagetsu buri ⇒ "first time in a month"
2. ３年ぶり sannen buri ⇒ "first time in three years" yokattara (よかったら) "if you want," "if you like," or "if it's okay" Yokatta means "it was good" and (ta)ra means "if." So this literally means "if it was good." We often use this phrase before inviting someone to do something or making a request.
1. よかったら、一緒に映画にいきませんか。 Yokattara, issho ni eiga ni ikimasen ka. "If you like, why don't you go to a movie with me?" dōiu koto (どういうこと) "What do you mean?" or "What is that supposed to mean?" Dōiu means "what kind," "what way," or "how" and koto means "thing," "matter," or "reason." The phrase dōiu koto can express the speaker's strong questioning, disbelief, irritation, and so on.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Expressing One's Int ent ions or Thought s.
これから、友達と飲みに行こうと思っているんだ。 Kore kara, t omodachi t o nomi ni ikō t o omot t e irunda. "I'm t hinking about going drinking wit h some f riends af t er t his."
In this lesson, you'll learn how to say "I'm thinking about...."or "I was thinking about..." in Japanese. You'll also learn how to express emotions such as regret or gratitude with a reason.
~t o omot t e iru/~t o omot t e imasu (〜と思っている / 〜と思っています) ~t o omot t e it a/~t o omot t e imashit a (〜と思っていた / 〜 と思っていました)
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #7 - I'M THINKING ABOUT WHAT TO DO LATER IN JAPAN 7 In Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 36, you learned how to express your opinion using ...to omou and its formal form ...to omoimasu meaning "I think that...." The present progressive form, ...to omotteiru or ...to omotteimasu, often follows the volitional form of a verb to express the speaker's intention or thoughts. It corresponds to "I'm thinking about..."or "I'm planning to do..." in English.
Format ion
[Verb in volitional f orm] ＋ t o ＋ omot t eiru/omotteimasu
Sample Sentences
1. 大学院に行こうと思っている。 Daigakuin ni ikō t o omot t eiru. "I'm thinking about going to graduate school."
2. 私たちは、結婚しようと思っています。 Watashi-tachi wa kekkon shiyō t o omotteimasu. "We're thinking about getting married."
3. ピクニックをしようと思っていたが、⾬が降った。 Pikunikku o shiyō t o omot t eit a ga ame ga futta. "We were thinking about going on a picnic but it rained (so we didn't go)."
* We use ...to omotteiru and ...to omotteimasu with phrases that express one's desire (-tai form, hoshii, etc.) to imply that the subject has been feeling that way for a while.
For Example:
1. 車を買いたいと思っている。 Kuruma o kaitai t o omot t eiru. "I'm interested in buying a new car."
2. わかってほしいと思っています。 Wakatte hoshii t o omotteimasu. "I want you to understand."
3. 新しいくつがほしいと思っていた。 Atarashii kutsu ga hoshii t o omot t eit a. "I've been wanting a new pair of shoes."
Expressing Dif f erent Emot ions
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #7 - I'M THINKING ABOUT WHAT TO DO LATER IN JAPAN 8
In Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 50, you learned how to say that you're glad or sorry that something that has happened. In this lesson, we'll go over other emotions.
Format ion:
[Te f orm of a verb] ＋ emotion
Let's look at the different emotions you can experience due to it raining... For Example:
Reason Emot ion "English"
雨が降って 残念 "It's a shame that it (Ame ga futte) (zannen) rained."
雨が降って うれしい (Ame ga futte) (ureshii) "I'm glad that it rained."
雨が降って びっくり "I'm surprised that it (Ame ga futte) (bikkuri) rained."
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• [verb] ＋ tai ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 4 • Verb conjugation; volitional form ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 33 • [purpose] ＋ ni iku ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 39 • Verb conjugation; potential form ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 43,44,45 • Modifying Clause ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 49
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #7 - I'M THINKING ABOUT WHAT TO DO LATER IN JAPAN 9 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #8 Somebody Wants to Learn Japanese!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 7 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 8 Grammar
# 8
COPYRIGHT © 2015 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. （コンコン）
2. 大空 晴夜: 美雨、元気？
3. はい、これ、お花。美雨、お花 欲しがっていたから。
4. ・・・大丈夫だよ。高くなかったよ。
5. 近森 渡: 歩、こっちこっち。早く早く。
6. 遠井 歩: やっぱり、やめよう。よくないよ。
7. 近森 渡: しー。静かにして。
8. 大空 晴夜: ・・・うん。今朝、成田に 行ったんだ。
9. お父さんも お母さんも 美雨に 会いたがっていた。
10. ・・・うん。風歌も 赤ちゃんを 見たがっていたよ。
11. ・・・そうそう。一緒に 来たがって、大変だったよ。
12. （オンギャー オンギャー）
13. 大空 晴夜: あー。うるさかったね。ごめんごめん。
14. 嵐くん、こんばんはー。パパですよぉー。
15. 近森＆遠井: パパ？
KANA
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #8 - SOMEBODY WANTS TO LEARN JAPANESE! 2 1. （コンコン）
2. おおぞら はるや: みう、げんき？
3. はい、これ、おはな。みう、おはな ほしがっていたから。
4. ・・・だいじょうぶだよ。たかくなかったよ。
5. ちかもり わたる: あゆむ、こっちこっち。はやくはやく。
6. とおい あゆむ: やっぱり、やめよう。よくないよ。
7. ちかもり わたる: しー。しずかにして。
8. おおぞら はるや: ・・・うん。けさ、なりたに いったんだ。
9. おとうさんも おかあさんも みうにあいたがっていた。
10. ・・・うん。ふうかも あかちゃんを みたがっていたよ。
11. ・・・そうそう。いっしょに きたがって、たいへんだったよ。
12. （オンギャー オンギャー）
13. おおぞら はるや: あー。うるさかったね。ごめんごめん。
14. あらしくん、こんばんはー。パパですよぉー。
15. ちかもり＆とおい: パパ？
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #8 - SOMEBODY WANTS TO LEARN JAPANESE! 3 1. (kon kon)
2. ŌZORA HARUYA: Miu, genki?
3. Hai, kore, o-hana. Miu, o-hana hoshi gatte ita kara.
4. ...Daijōbu dayo. Takaku nakatta yo.
5. CHIKAMORI Ayumu, kocchi kocchi. Hayaku hayaku. WATARU:
6. TŌI AYUMU: Yappari, yameyō. Yokunai yo.
7. CHIKAMORI Shī. Shizuka ni shite. WATARU:
8. ŌZORA HARUYA: ... Un. Kesa, Narita ni ittanda.
9. O-tō-san mo o-kā-san mo Miu ni aitagatte ita.
10. ... Un. Fūka mo aka-chan o mitagatteita yo.
11. ... Sōsō. Isshoni kitagatte, taihen datta yo.
12. (ongyā ongyā)
13. ŌZORA HARUYA: Ā. urusakatta ne. Gomen gomen.
14. Arashi-kun, Konban wā. Papa desu yō.
15. Papa?
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #8 - SOMEBODY WANTS TO LEARN JAPANESE! 4 1. (Knock knock)
2. HARUYA OZORA: Miu, how are you feeling?
3. Here are some flowers for you. You wanted flowers, so.
4. ..it's fine! They weren't expensive.
5. WATARU Ayumi, over here! Hurry, hurry! CHIKAMORI:
6. AYUMU TOI: Let's not do this. This isn't good.
7. WATARU Shh! Keep quiet! CHIKAMORI:
8. HARUYA OZORA: ...Yeah. I went to Narita this morning.
9. Mom and Dad wanted to see you.
10. ...Yeah. Fuka really wanted to see the baby.
11. ...Right, right. She wanted to come with me; it was a hassle.
12. (Baby starts crying)
13. HARUYA OZORA: Ahh...I was a bit loud, huh. Sorry!
14. Hi Arashi! It's Daddy!
15. CHIKAMORI Daddy? &AYUMU TOI:
VOCABULARY
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #8 - SOMEBODY WANTS TO LEARN JAPANESE! 5 Kanji Kana Romaji English Class
quickly, soon, 早く はやく hayaku hurry up; Adv
こんばんは。 こんばんは。 Konban wa. Good evening. expression
noisy, loud, うるさい うるさい urusai annoying; Adj(i)
serious, terrible, tough, in 大変 たいへん taihen trouble; Adj(na)
to watch, to 見る みる miru look, to see ; V2 verb
会う あう au to meet; V1 verb
成田 なりた Narita Narita
今朝 けさ kesa this morning
静かに しずかに shizuka ni quietly;Adv
to quit, to end, やめる やめる yameru to stop; V2
as I thought, as やっぱり やっぱり yappari expected
this way, over こっち こっち kocchi here , this one
ごめん ごめん ｇomen Sorry.
SAMPLE SENTENCES
私は早く結婚したいです。 こんばんは! Watashi wa hayaku kekkon shitai desu. Konban wa.
I want to get married soon. Good evening!
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #8 - SOMEBODY WANTS TO LEARN JAPANESE! 6 うるさい音楽は嫌いです。 大変な一日だった。 Urusai ongaku wa kirai desu. Taihen na ichinichi datta.
I hate loud music. It was a rough day.
この番組はいつも見ています。 よく、テレビをみますか。 Kono bangumi wa itsumo mite imasu. Yoku, terebi o mimasu ka.
I always watch this TV show. Do you often watch T.V?
午後１０時に駅の前で会いましょう。 明日、彼と会います。 Gogo jū-ji ni eki no mae de aimashō. Ashita, kare to aimasu.
I will meet you at 10 PM in front of the station. I'll meet him tomorrow.
成田空港までいくらですか。 今朝から、具合が悪いんです。 Narita Kūkō made ikura desu ka. Kesa kara guai ga waruin desu.
How much does it cost to go to Narita airport? I've been feeling sick since this morning.
静かにしてください。 やめて。 Shizuka ni shite kudasai. Yamete.
Please be quiet. Stop it!
やっぱり! こっちに来て。 Yappari! Kocchi ni kite.
I knew it! Come here!
遅れて、ごめん！ Okurete, gomen!
I'm sorry I'm late.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE au (会う) "to meet" The particle ni or to marks the person that the subject meets.
For Example:
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #8 - SOMEBODY WANTS TO LEARN JAPANESE! 7 1. 友達に会う Tomodachi ni au. "to meet my friend"
2. 友達と会う Tomodachi to au. "to meet with my friend"
The meanings of sentences one and two are basically the same. However, since the particle to means "with," the phrase Tomodachi to au has a mutual connotation.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is How t o Describe t he Wishes of Ot hers.
風歌も 赤ちゃんを 見たがっていたよ。 Fūka mo aka-chan o mitagatteita yo. "Fuka want ed t o see t he baby t oo."
In this lesson, you'll learn how to say "somebody wants..." or "somebody wants to..." in Japanese.
〜ほしがっている/ 〜たがっている
You've already learned the usage of [noun] ga hoshii and [verb] tai in Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 4. However, we primarily use hoshii and tai only to talk about the speaker's (the first person's) desire. To talk about someone else's desire, you have to use [noun] o hoshigatteiru and [verb] tagatteiru, which literally mean "showing signs of wanting ..." We usually translate them as "want" and "want to" respectively.
"Want " ＋ [noun]
• Speaker's desire→ [Noun] ga hoshii • Someone else's desire→ [Noun] o hoshigatteiru
* Please note that we use the particle o to mark the object the second or third person wants.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #8 - SOMEBODY WANTS TO LEARN JAPANESE! 8 Sample Sent ences:
1. 私は新しい車が欲しい。 Watashi wa atarashii kuruma ga hoshii. "I want a new car."
2. 兄は新しい車を欲しがっている。 Ani wa atarashii kuruma o hoshigatteiru. "My older brother wants a new car."
"Want t o" ＋ [verb]
• Speaker's desire→ [Verb in masu stem] tai • Someone else's desire→ [Verb in masu stem] tagatteiru
Sample Sent ences:
1. 私は映画が(orを)みたい。 Watashi wa eiga ga (or o) mitai. "I want to see a movie."
2. 兄は映画をみたがっている。 Ani wa eiga o mitagatteiru. "My older brother wants to see a movie."
Not e: Although we can use either ga or o to mark the object for -tai, we can only use o to mark the object for -tagatteiru.
Ot her Ways t o Talk about What Someone Else Want s
In Japanese, hoshii and -tai are considered personal feelings and we do not use them to talk about another person's feelings. However, it is possible to use hoshii or -tai in a sentence such as "He/She said that..." or "It looks like..." when talking about someone else's feelings. You can also indicate someone else's desire by using the grammar you've learned so far.
■ Reported speech -to itte imasu / itte imashita ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 46
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #8 - SOMEBODY WANTS TO LEARN JAPANESE! 9 For Example:
1. 美雨は花が欲しいと言っていた。 Miu wa hana ga hoshii t o it t eit a. "Miu said she wanted flowers."
■ Auxiliary adjective sō, meaning "looks like" ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 7
For Example:
1. 風歌は一緒に来たそうだった。 Fūka wa isshoni kita sō dat t a. "Fūka seemed like she wanted to come."
■ Auxiliary verb darō, meaning "probably" ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 1
お父さんとお母さんは美雨に会いたいだろう。 • O-tō-san to o-kā-san wa Miu-ni aitai darō. "Miu's father and mother probably want to see her."
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• [Verb] ＋ tai ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 4 • [Noun] ＋ ga hoshii ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 4 • Verb conjugation; volitional form ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 33 • Sentence-ending particle; yo ⇒ Newbie Series Season 2 Lesson 19
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #8 - SOMEBODY WANTS TO LEARN JAPANESE! 10 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #9 Why Is That Japanese Phone Ringing off the Hook?
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 7 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 9
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. メッセージ: ただいま、電話に出ることが できません。 発信音の後に、メッセージを お願いします。 (ピー)
2. 下山 新: おかしいなぁ・・・。一週間 ずっと 留守電。・・・会社に かけよ う。
3. (リンリンリン)
4. 受付: 101テレビです。
5. 下山 新: 下山と 申しますが、遠井さん、いらっしゃいますか。
6. 受付: 遠井ですか？ただいま、外出中です。 12時位に もどると 言っていました。
7. 下山 新: そうですか。じゃ 下山から 電話が あったと 伝えてください。
8. 受付: かしこまりました。
9. 下山 新: あ、すみません。それから 電話が 欲しいと 伝えてください。
10. 受付: かしこまりました。
KANA
1. メッセージ: ただいま、でんわに でることが できません。 はっしんおんの あとに、メッセージを おねがいします。 (ピー)
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #9 - WHY IS THAT JAPANESE PHONE RINGING OFF THE HOOK? 2 2. しもやま しん: おかしいなぁ・・・。いっしゅうかん ずっと るすでん。・・・かい しゃに かけよう。
3. (リンリンリン)
4. うけつけ: いちまるいちテレビです。
5. しもやま しん: しもやまと もうしますが、とおいさん、いらっしゃいますか。
6. うけつけ: とおいですか？ただいま、がいしゅつちゅうです。 じゅうじにくらいに もどると いっていました。
7. しもやま しん: そうですか。じゃ しもやまから でんわが あったと つたえてくださ い。
8. うけつけ: かしこまりました。
9. しもやま しん: あ、すみません。それから でんわが ほしいと つたえてください。
10. うけつけ: かしこまりました。
ROMANIZATION
1. MESSĒJI: Tadaima, denwa ni deru koto ga dekimasen. Hasshin'on no ato ni, messēji o onegai shimasu. (Pī)
2. SHIMOYAMA okashiinaa.... isshuukan zutto rusuden.... kaisha ni kakeyou. SHIN:
3. (rinrinrin)
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #9 - WHY IS THAT JAPANESE PHONE RINGING OFF THE HOOK? 3 4. UKETSUKE: Ichi-maru-Ichi terebi desu.
5. SHIMOYAMA Shomoyama to mōshimasu ga, Tōi-san, irasshaimasu ka. SHIN:
6. UKETSUKE: Tōi desu ka? Tadaima, gaishutsuchū desu. Jūni-ji kurai ni modoru to itteimashita.
7. SHIMOYAMA Sō desu ka. Ja Shimoyama kara denwa ga atta to tsutaete kudasai. SHIN:
8. UKETSUKE: Kashikomarimashita.
9. SHIMOYAMA A, sumimasen. Sorekara denwa ga hoshii to tsutae tekudasai. SHIN:
10. UKETSUKE: Kashikomarimashita.
ENGLISH
1. MESSAGE: I can't answer the phone right now. Please leave a message after the beep.
2. SHIN That's strange... This whole week I've been getting only the SHIMOYAMA: answering machine. Let me try her office.
3. (ring ring)
4. FRONT : Hello, 101 TV.
5. SHIN My name is Shimoyama. Is Ms. Toi there? SHIMOYAMA:
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #9 - WHY IS THAT JAPANESE PHONE RINGING OFF THE HOOK? 4 6. FRONT : Toi? She's out of the office at the moment. She said she'd be back at around twelve.
7. SHIN Really. Okay then, please tell her that there was a phone call from SHIMOYAMA: Shimoyama.
8. FRONT: Certainly.
9. SHIN Oh, and excuse me, but could you also tell her I'd like a call back? SHIMOYAMA:
10. FRONT: I certainly will.
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
telephone, phone 電話 でんわ denwa call
all right, certainly (from clerk to かしこまりました。 かしこまりました。 Kashikomarimashita customer)
to tell, to report, to 伝える つたえる tsutaeru pass on;V2
to return, to go もどる もどる modoru back;V1
外出 がいしゅつ gaishutsu out, going out
to be (somewhere), to go, to come;masu いらっしゃいます いらっしゃいます irasshaimasu form, honorific
(hum) to say, to be 申す もうす mōsu called;V1
to make a phone かける かける kakeru call, to dial
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #9 - WHY IS THAT JAPANESE PHONE RINGING OFF THE HOOK? 5 by far, all along, the ずっと ずっと zutto whole time
answering machine, 留守電 るすでん rusuden voice mail (abbr)
おかしい おかしい okashii funny, strange;Adj(i)
発信音 はっしんおん hasshinon tone, beep
ただいま ただいま tadaima just now
SAMPLE SENTENCES
電話をください。 かしこまりました。 Denwa o kudasai. Kashikomarimashita.
Please call me. Certainly.
田中さんはメッセージを伝えなかった すぐ、もどります。 Tanaka-san wa messēji o tsutaenakatta. Sugu modorimasu.
Mr.Tanaka didn't pass on the message. I'll be back soon.
父は外出しています。 田中さんはいらっしゃいますか。 Chichi wa gaishutsu shite imasu. Tanaka-san wa irasshaimasu ka?
My father has gone out. Is Mr. Tanaka there?
水木一男と申します。 病院に電話をかけました。 Mizuki Kazuo to mōshimasu. Byōin ni denwa o kakemashita.
My name is Kazuo Mizuki. I called the hospital.
僕は、ずっと日本にいたい。 私の留守電を聞きましたか。 Boku wa zutto nihon ni itai. Watashino rusuden o kikimashita ka.
I want to be in Japan forever. Did you hear my voice mail?
この車はおかしい。 発信音の後に、メッセージをどうぞ。 Kono kuruma wa okashii. Hasshinon no ato ni messēji o dōzo.
Something's wrong with this car. Please leave a message after the beep.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #9 - WHY IS THAT JAPANESE PHONE RINGING OFF THE HOOK? 6 ただいまより、新郎新婦のご入場です。 Tadaima yori, shinrō shinpu no go-nyūjō desu.
I now present the bride and groom.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
Kashikomarimashita (かしこまりました) "certainly" Kashikomaru means "to humble oneself" or "to obey respectfully." Kashikomarimashita literally means "I have humbly received your order." We often use this phrase in business situations. denwa (電話) "telephone" Both denwa o kakeru and denwa o suru mean "to make a phone call." The person who receives the phone call is marked by the particle ni.
For Example:
1. 下山さんは遠井さんに電話をかけた。 Shimoyama-san wa Tōi-san ni denwa o kaketa. "Mr. Shimoyama called Ms. Tōi." rusuden (留守電) "answering machine" Rusuden is an abbreviation of rusuban-denwa (留守番電話).
• Rusu (留守) means "being away from home," "absence from home" • Ban (番) means "guard" • Denwa (電話) means "telephone"
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Usef ul Expressions f or Making a Formal Phone Call.
下山から 電話が あったと 伝えてください。
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #9 - WHY IS THAT JAPANESE PHONE RINGING OFF THE HOOK? 7 Shimoyama kara denwa ga at t a t o t sut aet e kudasai. "Please t ell her t hat t here was a phone call f rom Shimoyama."
In this lesson, you'll learn useful expressions for talking on the phone in a business setting.
How t o Ident if y Yourself on t he Phone
1. 下山と 申しますが、遠井さん、いらっしゃいますか。 Shomoyama to mōshimasu ga, Tōi-san, irasshaimasu ka. "This is Shimoyama speaking. Is Ms. Tōi there?"
As you learned in Newbie Series Season 3 Lesson 17, you can introduce your name by putting to mōshimasu after your name.
When you want to politely ask whether a person is present, add wa irasshaimasu ka after the person's name. Irassharu is an honorific way to say iru, which means "to exist." In a formal situation, we recommend that you identify yourself first and then say who you want to talk to. In a business situation, we normally use family names.
Format ion
1. "This is (your name)." [Your name] ＋ to mōshimasu.
2. "Is (name) there?" [The person's name]＋-san (polite name suffix) ＋ wa ＋irasshaimasu ka.
Sample Sent ences
1. 田中と申します。東さんは、いらっしゃいますか。 Tanaka to mōshimasu. Higashi-san wa irasshaimasu ka. "This is Tanaka speaking. Is Mr./Ms. Higashi present?"
In many cases, we insert the conjunction ga between these two sentences and omit the particle wa.
1. 田中と申しますが、東さん、いらっしゃいますか。 Tanaka to mōshimasu ga Higashi-san irasshaimasu ka. "This is Tanaka speaking. Is Mr./Ms. Higashi present?"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #9 - WHY IS THAT JAPANESE PHONE RINGING OFF THE HOOK? 8 How t o Say t hat Someone Is out
遠井ですか？ただいま、外出中です。 Tōi desu ka? Tadaima, gaishutsuchū desu. "Toi? She's out of the office at the moment."
In a business situation, you are not supposed to put any polite name suffix (-san or -kun) or title after the name of your colleagues or bosses. The people who you work with at the same company are considered people in your in group, so to show respect to someone outside of the in group (a caller, in this case), you should omit the polite name suffix or title.
● ただいま [tadaima] Tadaima basically means ima, meaning "now," but tadaima has a more formal connotation. ● 外出中 [gaishutsu-chū] When we attach the suffix -chū to a noun that indicates action, it means "in the middle of something," " in a certain state," "during," or "while."
For Example:
1. 勉強 [benkyō] → 勉強中 [benkyō-chū] "in the middle of studying"
2. 仕事 [shigoto] → 仕事中 [shigoto-chū] "in the middle of working"
How t o Leave a Message
Format ion
[person] に [message you want passed on] と伝えてください。 • [person] ni [message you want passed on] t o t sut aet e kudasai. "Please tell [person] that [message you want passed on]."
Tsutaeru means "to pass on" or "to tell," so tsutaete kudasai means "please pass on (the message)." We use the particle ni to mark the person that the message should be passed on to. You can also leave a message by using (message) to ittekudasai instead.
Sample Sent ences
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #9 - WHY IS THAT JAPANESE PHONE RINGING OFF THE HOOK? 9 1. メールを待っていると伝えてください。 Mēru o matteiru to tsutaetekudasai. "Please tell him/her that I'm waiting for his/her e-mail."
2. お母さんによろしくと伝えてください。 O-kā-san ni yoroshiku to tsutaete kudasai. "Please give my best regards to your mother."
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• [Verb] ＋ koto ga dekiru ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 42 • [Noun] ＋ no ato ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 2 • Verb conjugation; volitional form ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 33 • Reported speech; to itteimashita ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 46
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #9 - WHY IS THAT JAPANESE PHONE RINGING OFF THE HOOK? 10 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #10 This Japanese Lesson Is Something Special!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 7 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 10
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 近森 渡: 歩、一時間位前に 下山さんから 電話が あったよ。
2. 遠井 歩: ・・・ふーん。
3. 近森 渡: 「電話が 欲しいと 伝えてください」って 言ってた。
4. 遠井 歩: ・・・ふーん。
5. 近森 渡: ・・・電話しないつもり？
6. 遠井 歩: ・・・電話するつもりはない。
7. 近森 渡: 会って、話した方がいいと思うよ。
8. 遠井 歩: ・・・話すことは何もないから。
9. 近森 渡: 何か理由があるかも。
10. 遠井 歩: ・・・理由？どんな？
11. 近森 渡: 知らないけど。
12. (電話)
13. 近森 渡: はい。１０１テレビです。 あ、下山様ですね。 はい、いますよ。少々 お待ちください。・・・ 歩。電話。下山さんから。
KANA
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #10 - THIS JAPANESE LESSON IS SOMETHING SPECIAL! 2 1. ちかもり わたる: あゆむ、いちじかんくらいまえに しもやまさんから でんわが あった よ。
2. とおい あゆむ: ・・・ふーん。
3. ちかもり わたる: 「でんわが ほしいと つたえてください」って いってた。
4. とおい あゆむ: ・・・ふーん。
5. ちかもり わたる: ・・・でんわしないつもり？
6. とおい あゆむ: ・・・でんわするつもりは ない。
7. ちかもり わたる: あって、はなしたほうが いいと おもうよ。
8. とおい あゆむ: ・・・はなすことは なにもない から。
9. ちかもり わたる: なにか りゆうが あるかも。
10. とおい あゆむ: ・・・りゆう？どんな？
11. ちかもり わたる: しらないけど。
12. (でんわ)
13. ちかもり わたる: はい。１０１テレビです。 あ、しもやまさまですね。 はい、いますよ。しょうしょう おまちください。・・・ あゆむ。でんわ。しもやまさんから。
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #10 - THIS JAPANESE LESSON IS SOMETHING SPECIAL! 3 1. CHIKAMORI Ayumu, ichi-jikan kurai mae ni Shimoyama-san kara denwa ga atta WATARU: yo.
2. TŌI AYUMU: ...Fūn.
3. CHIKAMORI "Denwa ga hoshii to tsutaetekudasai" tte itteta. WATARU:
4. TŌI AYUMU: ...Fūn.
5. CHIKAMORI ...Denwa shinai tsumori? WATARU:
6. TŌI AYUMU: ...Denwa suru tsumori wa nai.
7. CHIKAMORI Atte, hanashita hō ga ii to omou yo. WATARU:
8. TŌI AYUMU: ... Hanasu koto wa nani mo nai kara.
9. CHIKAMORI Nanika riyū ga aru kamo. WATARU:
10. TŌI AYUMU: ... Riyū? Donna?
11. CHIKAMORI Shiranai kedo. WATARU:
12. ( denwa)
13. CHIKAMORI Hai.Ichi-maru-ichi terebi desu. WATARU: A, Shimoyama-sama desu ne. Hai, imasu yo. Shōshō o-machi kudasai.... Ayumu. denwa. Shimoyama-san kara.
ENGLISH CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #10 - THIS JAPANESE LESSON IS SOMETHING SPECIAL! 4 1. WATARU Ayumu, You got a call from Mr. Shimoyama about an hour ago. CHIKAMORI:
2. AYUMU TOI: ...Hmm.
3. WATARU He said he'd like a call back. CHIKAMORI:
4. AYUMU TOI: ...Hmm.
5. WATARU ...You don't intend to call him back? CHIKAMORI:
6. AYUMU TOI: ...I have NO intention of calling him.
7. WATARU I think you should meet up and talk things out. CHIKAMORI:
8. AYUMU TOI: ...There's nothing to talk about.
9. WATARU There might be some kind of reason. CHIKAMORI:
10. AYUMU TOI: ...Reason? What kind of reason?
11. WATARU I'm not sure, but... CHIKAMORI:
12. [phone call]
13. AYUMU TOI: Yes, this is 101 TV? Ah, Mr. Shimoyama! Yes, she's here. Wait just a moment please... Ayumu. Phone. It's Mr. Shimoyama.
VOCABULARY
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #10 - THIS JAPANESE LESSON IS SOMETHING SPECIAL! 5 Kanji Kana Romaji English
一時間 いちじかん ichi-jikan one hour
少々 しょうしょう shōshō a little, small quantity
to know, to 知る しる shiru understand; V1
理由 りゆう riyū reason
何か なにか nanika something
欲しい ほしい hoshii want, wish for; Adj(i)
話す はなす hanasu to speak, to talk; V1
to tell, to report, to 伝える つたえる tsutaeru pass on;V2
会う あう au to meet; V1
お待ちください。 おまちください。 O-machi kudasai. Please wait.
SAMPLE SENTENCES
一時間位かかります。 少々お酒を飲みました。 Ichi jikan kurai kakarimasu. Shōshō o-sake o nomimashita.
It takes about an hour. I drank a little alcohol.
あの人を知っていますか。 理由を教えてください。 Ano hito o shitte imasu ka. Riyū o oshiete kudasai.
Do you know that person over there? Tell me the reason why.
何かメッセージはありますか。 今、何が欲しいですか。 Nanika messēji wa arimasu ka. Ima nani ga hoshii desu ka.
Do you have any messages? What do you want right now?
彼は英語と日本語を話します。 田中さんはメッセージを伝えなかった Kare wa Ei-go to Nihon-go o hanashimasu. Tanaka-san wa messēji o tsutaenakatta.
He speaks English and Japanese. Mr.Tanaka didn't pass on the message.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #10 - THIS JAPANESE LESSON IS SOMETHING SPECIAL! 6 明日、彼と会います。 ちょっとお待ちください。 Ashita, kare to aimasu. Chotto o-machi kudasai.
I'll meet him tomorrow. Just a moment please.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE mae ni (前に) "before" Mae ni is a conjunction that corresponds to "in front of" or "before" in English. The opposite conjunctions are ushiro ni (後ろに), meaning "behind," and ato de (後で), meaning "after." shōshō (少々) "a little," "a few" Compared to chotto or sukoshi, which also mean "a little" or "a few," shōshō sounds more formal and is preferred in business situations. o-machi-kudasai (お待ちください) "Please wait." Matte kudasai also means "please wait" and is a formal expression; however, when the speaker needs to be even more polite, such as when talking to a client, o-machi-kudasai is preferable.
Forming an honorific request:
[honorific prefix o ] ＋ [ Verb: masu stem ] ＋kudasai.
For Example:
1. お書きください。 O-kaki-kudasai. "Please write."
2. お座りください。 O-suwari-kudasai. "Please have a seat."
* Please note that this rule does not apply to all verbs.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Reviewing Cert ain Grammar Point s From Beginner Series Season 5
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #10 - THIS JAPANESE LESSON IS SOMETHING SPECIAL! 7 何か理由があるかも. Nanika riyū ga aru kamo. "There might be some kind of reason."
In this lesson, we'll review what you've learned in this Beginner Series Season 5 so far. We'll also discuss the usage of nanika and nanimo, which mean "something" and "anything," respectively. kamo shirenai, meaning "maybe" or "might " ⇒ Lesson 1
In informal conversation, we can omit the last part of kamo shirenai and just say it as kamo. Kamo sounds more colloquial than kamo shirenai. Although the following three sentences mean "There might be a reason," notice the difference in the formality level.
Formalit y Level Japanese
Riyū ga aru kamo shiremasen. Formal (理由があるかもしれません。)
Riyū ga aru kamo shirenai. Informal (理由があるかもしれない。)
Informal Riyū ga aru kamo. (colloquial) (理由があるかも。)
[Verb; dict ionary f orm ]＋ t sumori da meaning "int end t o" or "plan t o" ⇒ Lesson 2
There are two ways to negate the phrase -tsumori. However, the second way is a stronger negation.
1. [Verb in nai form] tsumori da/tsumori desu
2. [Verb in dictionary form] tsumori wa nai/tsumori wa arimasen
Examples f rom This Dialogue
1. Wataru: 電話しないつもり？ Denwa shinai tsumori?
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #10 - THIS JAPANESE LESSON IS SOMETHING SPECIAL! 8 2. Ayumu: 電話するつもりはない。 Denwa suru tsumori wa nai.
Please notice that Wataru asked using [nai form] ＋ tsumori meaning "You don't intend to...?" and Ayumu answered using [dictionary form] ＋ tsumori wa nai meaning "I have NO intention of...." You can sense Ayumu's strong feelings or anger from this sentence.
Construction Japanese "English"
Shin ni au t sumori. Affirmative (新に会うつもり。) "I intend to meet Shin."
Shin ni awanai t sumori. "I don't intend to meet Negative (新に会わないつもり。) Shin."
Negative Shin ni au t sumori wa nai. "I have NO intention of (Strong) (新に会うつもりはない。) meeting Shin."
[Verb; t a f orm/nai f orm ]＋hō ga ii, meaning "should do" or "shouldn't do" ⇒ Lesson 5
To make these phrases polite, simply add desu to the end of them.
Construction Japanese
Denwa o shit a hō ga ii. Affirmative (電話をしたほうがいい。)
Denwa o shinai hō ga ii. Negative (電話をしないほうがいい。)
"Something" and "Anyt hing"
Nanika usually appears in an affirmative or question sentence and means "something" or "anything." Nanimo usually appears in a negative sentence and means "anything (with a negative)" or "nothing."
Here's the rule when the particles ka and mo follow interrogative words or "wh-" words.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #10 - THIS JAPANESE LESSON IS SOMETHING SPECIAL! 9 • "Wh"-word ＋ka ⇒ "some..." • "Wh"-word ＋mo in a negative sentence ⇒ "no..."
For Example:
＋ mo (+ negat ive sent ence Interrogative ＋ka ending)
nani (何) nanika (何か) nanimo (何も...ない) "what" "something" "nothing"
dare (誰) dareka (誰か) daremo (誰も...ない) "who" "someone" "no one"
itsu (いつ) itsuka (いつか) itsumo (いつも...ない) "when" "someday," "never" "sometime"
doko (どこ) dokoka (どこか) dokomo (どこも....ない) "where" "somewhere" "nowhere"
Sample Sent ences
1. A: 何か買いましたか。 Nanika kaimashita ka. "Did you buy anything?" B: 何も買いませんでした。 Nanimo kaimasen deshita. "No, I didn't buy anything."
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• Time duration ⇒ Newbie Series Season 2 Lesson 18
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #10 - THIS JAPANESE LESSON IS SOMETHING SPECIAL! 10 • Reported speech ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 46 • [Quote] ＋ to omou ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 36
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #10 - THIS JAPANESE LESSON IS SOMETHING SPECIAL! 11 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #11 If Only I Knew What to Call It in Japanese!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 7 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 8 Grammar
# 11
COPYRIGHT © 2015 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 下山 新: 六時に 駅前の 「ツインズ」というカフェに 来てほしい。
2. (ドアの音)
3. 店員: いらっしゃいませ。
4. 下山 新: 待ち合わせなんです けど。 あ、いたいた。遅れて ごめん、歩。 金曜日から 出張で、忙しくて。
5. 遠井 歩: ・・・。
6. 下山 新: この前 映画に 行けなくて、ごめんね。 なんていう映画を みたの。
7. 遠井 歩: ・・・「人違い」という映画を みたの。 ・・・体調は よくなったの。
8. 下山 新: ああ、よくなったよ。
9. 遠井 歩: ・・・本当に 病気だったの？
10. 下山 新: どういう意味？
11. 遠井 歩: ねぇ・・・。「美雨」という人は 誰？奥さん?
12. 下山 新: は？
13. 遠井 歩: 私、見たの。
KANA
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #11 - IF ONLY I KNEW WHAT TO CALL IT IN JAPANESE! 2 1. しもやま しん: ろくじに えきまえの 「ツインズ」というカフェに きてほしい。
2. (ドアのおと)
3. てんいん: いらっしゃいませ。
4. しもやま しん: まちあわせなんです けど。 あ、いたいた。おくれて ごめん、あゆむ。 きんようびから しゅっちょうで、いそがしくて。
5. とおい あゆむ: ・・・。
6. しもやま しん: このまえ えいがに いけなくて、ごめんね。 なんていうえいがを みたの。
7. とおい あゆむ: ・・・「ひとちがい」という えいがを みたの。 ・・・たいちょうは よくなったの。
8. しもやま しん: ああ、よくなったよ。
9. とおい あゆむ: ・・・ほんとうに びょうきだったの？
10. しもやま しん: どういういみ？
11. とおい あゆむ: ねぇ・・・。「みう」という ひとは だれ？おくさん?
12. しもやま しん: は？
13. とおい あゆむ: わたし、みたの。
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #11 - IF ONLY I KNEW WHAT TO CALL IT IN JAPANESE! 3 1. SHIMOYAMA Roku-ji ni eki-mae no "tsuinzu" to iu kafe ni kite hoshii. SHIN:
2. (doa no oto)
3. TEN'IN: Irasshaimase.
4. SHIMOYAMA Machiawase nandesu kedo. SHIN: A, ita ita. Okurete gomen, Ayumu. Kinyōbi kara shucchō de, isogashikute.
5. TŌI AYUMU: ....
6. SHIMOYAMA Kono mae eiga ni ikenakute, gomen ne. SHIN: Nanteiu eiga o mita no.
7. TŌI AYUMU: ..."Hitochigai" to iu eiga o mita no. ... Taichō wa yokunatta no.
8. SHIMOYAMA Ā, yokunatta yo. SHIN:
9. TŌI AYUMU: ...Hontō ni byōki datta no?
10. SHIMOYAMA Dōiu imi? SHIN:
11. TŌI AYUMU: Nē.... "Miu" to iu hito wa dare? Oku-san?
12. SHIMOYAMA Ha? SHIN:
13. TŌI AYUMU: Watashi, mita no.
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #11 - IF ONLY I KNEW WHAT TO CALL IT IN JAPANESE! 4 1. SHIN I want you to come to the cafe called Twins in front of the station at SHIMOYAMA: six.
2. [door opens]
3. CLERK: Welcome!
4. SHIN I'm meeting someone here... SHIMOYAMA: Oh, there she is! Sorry I'm late. I've been busy since there's a business trip on Friday.
5. AYUMU TOI: ...
6. SHIN I'm sorry I couldn't go to the movies the other day. SHIMOYAMA: What was the movie you saw called?
7. AYUMU TOI: I saw a movie called "Mistaken Identity." ...Are you feeling all better now?
8. SHIN Yeah, a lot better. SHIMOYAMA:
9. AYUMU TOI: Were you really sick?
10. SHIN What do you mean? SHIMOYAMA:
11. AYUMU TOI: Look...who's that person named Miu? Your wife?
12. SHIN What?? SHIMOYAMA:
13. AYUMU TOI: I saw everything.
VOCABULARY
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #11 - IF ONLY I KNEW WHAT TO CALL IT IN JAPANESE! 5 Kanji Kana Romaji English Class
カフェ カフェ kafe café noun
奥さん おくさん okusan wife
本当に ほんとうに hontō ni really, truly; Adv.
mistaking one person for 人違い ひとちがい hito-chigai another, mistaken identity
映画 えいが eiga movie, film
the other day, last time, この前 このまえ kono mae recently
出張 しゅっちょう shucchō business trip noun
遅れる おくれる okureru to be late; V2
appointment, 待ち合わせ まちあわせ machiawase rendezvous
interrogative 誰 だれ dare who word
SAMPLE SENTENCES
通りにあるカフェは朝早くから開店してい 私はよくカフェで本を読む。 Watashi wa yoku kafe de hon o yomu. ました。 Tōri ni aru kafe wa asa hayaku kara kaiten shite I often read books at a café. imashita.
The cafe in my street opened early in the morning.
田中さんは奥さんと旅行に行った。 本当にごめんなさい。 Tanaka-san wa oku-san to ryokō ni itta. Hontō ni gomennasai
Mr. Tanaka went on a trip with his wife. I'm really sorry.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #11 - IF ONLY I KNEW WHAT TO CALL IT IN JAPANESE! 6 すみません。人違いでした。 私は映画が好きです。 Sumimasen. Hito chigai deshita. Watashi wa eiga ga suki desu.
I'm sorry. I thought I knew you. I like movies.
この前アメリカに行きました。 父は来月の終わりに出張にいかなければな Kono mae Amerika ni ikimashita. らない。 Chichi wa raigetsu no owari ni shucchō ni I recently went to America. ikanakereba naranai.
My father needs to go on a business trip at the end of next month.
出張ですか。 遅れてすみません。 Shucchō desu ka. Okurete sumimasen.
Are you here on business? I'm sorry I'm late.
ハチ公は有名な待ち合わせ場所です。 あの人は誰ですか。 Hachikō wa yūmeina machiawase basho desu. Ano hito wa dare desu ka.
The statue of Hachiko is a famous meetup place. Who is that person?
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE machiawase (待ち合わせ) This word originally contained two verbs, matsu ("to wait") and awaseru ("to set," "to join"), and it indicates an arrangement or promise to meet someone at a particular time and place.
For Example:
1. 待ち合わせ場所 machiawase basho "meeting place"
2. 待ち合わせ時間 machiawase jikan "meeting time"
The corresponding verb is machiawaseru (待ち合わせる), meaning "to meet up."
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #11 - IF ONLY I KNEW WHAT TO CALL IT IN JAPANESE! 7 For Example:
1. 五時に駅で友達と待ち合わせた。 Go-ji ni eki de tomodachi to machiawaseta. "I promised to meet/met my friend at five o'clock at the station." yoku naru (よくなる) "to become good" We use [the adverbial form of adjective]＋naru to express a change of state. Yoku is the adverbial form of the adjective ii ("good," "well"), so yoku naru means "become better" or "get well." eki mae (駅前) "in front of the station" This word was originally eki no mae ("in front of the station"). However, we often omit the particle no and say eki mae.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is How t o Int roduce t he Name of Somet hing or Someone. 「人違い」という映画を みたの。 "Hitochigai" t o iu eiga o mit a no. "I saw a movie called 'Mist aken Identity.'"
In this lesson, you'll learn how to introduce the name of a noun using the phrase to iu, meaning "called" or "named." For example, you'll learn how to say "a website called JapanesePod101.com"or "a person called Peter." You'll also learn how to make an informal question.
A というB [A t o iu B] = "a B called A"
The phrase to iu (という) is the combination of the quotation-marking particle to and the verb iu, meaning "to say."
Format ion
Name t o iu Noun "English"
「ポニョ」 という 映画 "a movie called Ponyo to iu eiga 'Ponyo'"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #11 - IF ONLY I KNEW WHAT TO CALL IT IN JAPANESE! 8 「つ」 という まち Tsu to iu machi "a city called 'Tsu'"
「美雨」 という 人 "a person called Miu to iu hito 'Miu'"
"a person called who?" 何 という 人? (= "What's the Nan to iu hito? name of the person?")
"a movie called what?" 何 という 映画? (= "What's that Nan to iu eiga? movie called?")
*Please note that in informal conversation, we often replace the quotation particle to (と) with tte (って).
Sample Sent ences
1. 私の出身は、「つ」というまちです。 Watashi no shusshin wa "Tsu" t o iu machi desu. "I'm from a city called 'Tsu.'"
2. 「HANA-BI」っていう映画が 好き。 "Hana-bi" t t e iu eiga ga suki. ] "I like a movie called 'Hana-bi.'"
3. あの人は 何という人ですか。 Ano hito wa nan t o iu hito desu ka. "What is that person's name?"
Sentence-Ending Part icle No
The sentence-ending particle no basically indicates one of these two things:
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #11 - IF ONLY I KNEW WHAT TO CALL IT IN JAPANESE! 9 1. A colloquial question
2. An explanation (that women and children use)
1) Colloquial question When we say the sentence-ending particle no with rising intonation, we indicate a colloquial question.
For Example:
1. 何ていう映画を みたの。(↑) Nan te iu eiga o mita no? "What's the name of the movie you saw?"
2) Explanation When we say the sentence-ending particle no with falling intonation, we indicate an explanation just like n da does. Women and children usually use no in this way.
For Example:
1. 「ポニョ」っていう映画を みたの。(↓) "Ponyo" tte iu eiga o mita no. "I saw a movie called 'Ponyo.'"
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• [verb] ＋ te hoshii ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 6 • n desu kedo ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 4 • [te-form + apology] ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 48 • Verb conjugation; potential form ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 43,44,45
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #11 - IF ONLY I KNEW WHAT TO CALL IT IN JAPANESE! 10 • [adverbial form of adjective]＋naru ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 47,48
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #11 - IF ONLY I KNEW WHAT TO CALL IT IN JAPANESE! 11 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #12 After This Japanese Lesson, Nothing Will Ever Be the Same!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 3 English 4 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 6 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 12
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 下山 新: 見た？何を？
2. 遠井 歩: 近森と 映画を みた後、病院で あなたを 見たの。 夜の 八時頃 だった。
3. 下山 新: 夜の 八時頃？人違いだよ。 確かに 昼間 会社を 出てから 病院に 行った。 でも、家に 帰ってから、外に 出なかったよ。
4. 遠井 歩: でも 私と 電話した後、病院に 行ったでしょ。
5. 下山 新: 歩と 電話する前に、病院に 行ったんだ。 歩と 電話してから、すぐに 寝たよ。
6. 遠井 歩: でも、映画館を 出た時、あなたを 見たのよ。 山川病院で 美雨という女の人と 会ったでしょ。
7. 下山 新: は？それ・・・誰？
KANA
1. しもやま しん: みた？なにを？
2. とおい あゆむ: ちかもりと えいがを みたあと、びょういんで あなたを みたの。 よるの はちじごろだった。
3. しもやま しん: よるの はちじごろ？ひとちがいだ よ。 たしかに ひるま かいしゃを でてから びょういんに いった。 でも、いえに かえってから、そとに でなかったよ。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #12 - AFTER THIS JAPANESE LESSON, NOTHING WILL EVER BE THE SAME! 2 4. とおい あゆむ: でも わたしと でんわしたあと、びょういんに いったでしょ。
5. しもやま しん: あゆむと でんわするまえに、びょういんに いったんだ。 あゆむと でんわしてから、すぐに ねたよ。
6. とおい あゆむ: でも、えいがかんを でたとき、あなたを みたのよ。 やまかわびょういんで みうという おんなのひと と あった でしょ。
7. しもやま しん: は？それ・・・だれ？
ROMANIZATION
1. SHIMOYAMA Mita? Nani o? SHIN:
2. TŌI AYUMU: Chikamori to eiga o mita ato, byōin de anata o mita no. Yoru no hachi-ji goro datta.
3. SHIMOYAMA Yoru no hachi-ji goro? Hitochigaida yo. SHIN: Tashikani hiruma kaisha o dete kara byōin ni itta. Demo, ie ni kaette kara, soto ni dena katta yo.
4. TŌI AYUMU: Demo watashi to denwa shita ato, byōin ni itta desho.
5. SHIMOYAMA Ayumu to denwa suru mae ni, byōin ni itta nda. SHIN: Ayumu to denwa shitekara, suguni neta yo.
6. TŌI AYUMU: Demo, eigakan o deta toki, anata o mita no yo. Yamakawa byōin de Miu to iu onna no hito to atta desho.
7. SHIMOYAMA Ha? Sore...dare? SHIN:
ENGLISH CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #12 - AFTER THIS JAPANESE LESSON, NOTHING WILL EVER BE THE SAME! 3 1. SHIN You saw...what? SHIMOYAMA:
2. AYUMU TOI: After I saw the movie with Chikamori, I saw you at the hospital. It was around eight o'clock at night.
3. SHIN Eight at night? That was someone else! SHIMOYAMA: It's true that after leaving the office at noon I went to the hospital. But after going back home, I didn't leave the house!
4. AYUMU TOI: But after you talked with me on the phone, you went to the hospital, right?
5. SHIN I went to the hospital BEFORE I talked with you. SHIMOYAMA: After talking with you, I went right to sleep.
6. AYUMU TOI: But when I left the movie theater, I saw you. You met up with a woman named Miu at Yamakawa Hospital, didn't you?
7. SHIN What? Who is THAT? SHIMOYAMA:
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
夜 よる yoru evening, night
出る でる deru to leave; V2
to go to bed, to 寝る ねる neru sleep;V2
immediately, すぐに すぐに sugu ni instantly; Adv
during the day, 昼間 ひるま hiruma daytime
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #12 - AFTER THIS JAPANESE LESSON, NOTHING WILL EVER BE THE SAME! 4 確かに たしかに tashika ni surely, certainly
mistaking one person for another, 人違い ひとちがい hito-chigai mistaken identity
頃 ごろ goro around, about; suffix
to watch, to look, to 見る みる miru see ; V2
映画 えいが eiga movie, film
外 そと soto outside
SAMPLE SENTENCES
今日の夜、暇ですか。 今、家を出ました。 Kyō no yoru hima desu ka. Ima ie o demashita.
Are you free tonight? I've just left my house.
毎日十時間寝る。 すぐに来てください。 Mainichi, jū-jikan neru. Sugu ni kite kudasai.
I sleep for ten hours every night. Please come right away.
昼間ずっと寝ていた。 確かに。 Hiruma zutto neteita. Tashikani.
I had been sleeping during the day. True.
すみません。人違いでした。 今年の３月頃、日本に行きたいです。 Sumimasen. Hito chigai deshita. Kotoshi no san-gatsu-goro, nihon ni ikitai desu.
I'm sorry. I thought I knew you. I'd like to go to Japan around March this year.
よく、テレビをみますか。 私は映画が好きです。 Yoku, terebi o mimasu ka. Watashi wa eiga ga suki desu.
Do you often watch T.V? I like movies.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #12 - AFTER THIS JAPANESE LESSON, NOTHING WILL EVER BE THE SAME! 5 外に座りたいです。 Soto ni suwaritai desu.
I want to sit outside.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
● tashika (確か) "sure," "certain" This is a na adjective meaning "sure," "certain," "assured," or "reliable."
For Example:
1. 確かな情報 tashika na jōhō "credible information"
2. それは確かですか。 Sore wa tashika desu ka? "Are you sure about that?"
When ni follows it, it becomes an adverb, tashika ni, which means "surely," "for sure," "indeed," or "without question."
For Example:
1. 確かに 私は ドアを閉めました。 Tashika ni watashi wa doa o shimemashita. "It is certain that I closed the door."
● eigakan (映画館) "movie theater" Eiga means "movie" and kan means "big building" or "hall." Let's also check some other vocabulary words that end with kan (館).
For Example:
1. 図書館 toshokan "library"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #12 - AFTER THIS JAPANESE LESSON, NOTHING WILL EVER BE THE SAME! 6 2. 大使館 taishikan "embassy"
3. 美術館 bijutsukan "art museum," "art gallery"
4. 博物館 hakubutsukan "museum"
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Reviewing Phrases We Use f or Explaining a Timeline of Event s. 会社を 出てから 病 院に 行った。 Kaisha o det e kara byōin ni it t a. "Af t er leaving t he of f ice, I went t o t he hospit al."
In this lesson, you'll review how to say "when," "before," and "after" in Japanese. You'll also learn a new sentence-ending phrase asking for confirmation or agreement from the listener.
...とき ("when...")
Toki by itself means "time." When it appears between two phrases, it means "when" or "at the time when" and connects two phrases.
Format ion
• [Verb, i adjective; informal form] + toki • [na adjective; prenominal form] + toki • [noun] + no + toki
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #12 - AFTER THIS JAPANESE LESSON, NOTHING WILL EVER BE THE SAME! 7 Sample Sent ences
1. 駅に行く時、バスに乗ります。 Eki ni iku toki, basu ni norimasu. "When I go to the station, I take a bus." 2. かなしい時、空をみます。 Kanashii toki, sora o mimasu. "When I'm sad, I look up at the sky." 3. ひまな時、何をしますか。 Hima na toki, nani o shimasu ka. "What do you do when you have free time?" 4. 雪のとき、車を運転しません。 Yuki no toki, kuruma o unten shimasen. "When it's snowing, I don't drive."
Please note that when talking about past actions, the clause before toki can be in either the non-past or past tense.
For Example:
1. "When I was in Japan, I studied Japanese." 日本にい る時、日本語を勉強した。 Nihon ni iru toki, Nihon-go o benkyō shita. or 日本にい た時、日本語を勉強した。 Nihon ni ita toki, Nihon-go o benky ō shita.
Sometimes, we insert the particle ni to emphasize the time.
For Example:
1. 映画館を 出た時、あなたを 見た。 Eigakan o deta toki, anata o mita. "When I left the movie theater, I saw you."
2. 映画館を 出た時に、あなたを 見た。 Eigakan o deta toki ni, anata o mita. "It was when I left the movie theater that I saw you."
...まえ に ("Bef ore...")
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #12 - AFTER THIS JAPANESE LESSON, NOTHING WILL EVER BE THE SAME! 8 Mae by itself means "front," "before," or "ago." When it follows a verb or noun, it creates a phrase meaning "before...."
Format ion
• [Verb; informal non-past form] + mae ni • [noun] + no + mae ni
Sample Sent ences
1. 会社を出る前に、電話をしてください。 Kaisha o deru mae ni, denwa o shite kudasai. "Before you leave the office, please call me."
2. 結婚式の前に、ダイエットした。 Kekkonshiki no mae ni daietto shita. "Before the wedding, I went on a diet."
...あと で ("Af t er...")
Ato de follows a verb or noun and means "after." We often omit the particle de in a conversation.
Format ion
1. [Verb; informal past form (ta form)] + ato （de）
2. [noun] + no + ato （de）
Sample Sent ences
1. 会社を出た後、病院に行った。 Kaisha o deta ato, byōin ni itta. "After I left the office, I went to the hospital."
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #12 - AFTER THIS JAPANESE LESSON, NOTHING WILL EVER BE THE SAME! 9 2. 仕事の後、映画に行きませんか。 Shigoto no ato, eiga ni ikimasen ka. "Would you like to go to a movie after work?"
Kara is also a conjunction meaning "after." It's attached to the te form of a verb.
Format ion
• [Verb; te form] + kara
Sample Sent ences
1. 会社を出てから病院に行った。 Kaisha o dete kara, byōin ni itta. "After I left the office, I went to the hospital."
2. 結婚をしてから、太った。 Kekkon o shite kara, futotta. "After I got married, I gained weight."
The Sentence-ending Expression Desho?
Deshō or darō (see Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 1) with rising intonation asks for agreement from the listening party. We can also use these words to confirm something. In an informal conversation, we often shorten the last vowel, -ō, and we pronounce it as desho or daro.
Sample Sent ences
1. これおいしいでしょ。 Kore oishii desho. "This is tasty, isn't it?"
2. 女の人と会ったでしょ。 Onna no hito to atta desho. "You met a woman, right?"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #12 - AFTER THIS JAPANESE LESSON, NOTHING WILL EVER BE THE SAME! 10 Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• Sentence-ending particle no ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 11 • [Noun] to iu [Noun]⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 11
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #12 - AFTER THIS JAPANESE LESSON, NOTHING WILL EVER BE THE SAME! 11 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #13 I've Never Lied to You in Japanese!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 3 Kana 4 Romanization 5 English 6 Vocabulary 7 Sample Sentences 8 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 8 Grammar
# 13
COPYRIGHT © 2018 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 遠井 歩: とぼけないでよ！
2. 下山 新: とぼけていないよ。少し 落ち着いて。
3. 美雨という名前は 聞いたことがないよ。
4. 遠井 歩: じゃ、嵐という名前は 聞いたことがある？
5. 下山 新: 嵐？聞いたことない。
6. 本当だよ。俺は 歩に 嘘を ついたことは ないよ。
7. 山川病院に行ったことはない。
8. その女の人に 会ったことも ない。・・・信じて 欲しい。
9. 遠井 歩: ・・・
10. 大空風歌: おばあちゃん、こっち。早く。・・・あ、パパ！
11. 遠井＆下山: パパ？
12. (Ayumu slaps Shin)
13. 下山 新: いたっ。
14. 遠井 歩: 最低。
15. 下山 新: どうして？そして、この子は・・・誰？
16. ねぇ、お嬢ちゃん 前に 会ったことが ある？
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #13 - I'VE NEVER LIED TO YOU IN JAPANESE! 2 17. 大空 風歌: あれ？風歌の パパじゃない・・・。
KANA
1. とおい あゆむ: とぼけないでよ！
2. しもやま しん: とぼけていないよ。すこし おちついて。
3. みうというなまえは きいたことが ないよ。
4. とおい あゆむ: じゃ、あらしというなまえは きいたことが ある？
5. しもやま しん: あらし？きいたことない。
6. ほんとうだよ。おれは あゆむに うそを ついたことは ないよ。
7. やまかわびょういんに いったことは ない。
8. そのおんなの ひとに あったことも ない。・・・しんじて ほしい。
9. とおい あゆむ: ・・・
10. おおぞら ふうか: おばあちゃん、こっち。はやく。・・・あ、パパ！
11. とおい＆しもやま: パパ？
12. (Ayumu slaps Shin)
13. しもやま しん: いたっ。
14. とおい あゆむ: さいてい。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #13 - I'VE NEVER LIED TO YOU IN JAPANESE! 3 15. しもやま しん: どうして？そして、このこは・・・だれ？
16. ねぇ、おじょうちゃん まえに あったことが ある？
17. おおぞら ふうか: あれ？ふうかの パパじゃない・・・。
ROMANIZATION
1. TŌI AYUMU: Tobokenaide yo!
2. SHIMOYAMA Toboketeinai yo. Sukoshi ochitsuite. SHIN:
3. Miu to iu namae wa kiita koto ga nai yo.
4. TŌI AYUMU: Ja, Arashi to iu namae wa kiita koto ga aru?
5. SHIMOYAMA Arashi? kiita koto nai. SHIN:
6. Hontōda yo. Ore wa Ayumu ni uso o tsuita koto wa nai yo.
7. Yamakawa byōin ni itta koto wa nai.
8. Sono onna no hito ni atta koto mo nai.... Shinjite hoshii.
9. TŌI AYUMU: ...
10. ŌZORA FŪKA: O-bā-chan, kocchi. Hayaku.... A, papa!
11. Papa?
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #13 - I'VE NEVER LIED TO YOU IN JAPANESE! 4 12. (Ayumu slaps Shin)
13. SHIMOYAMA Ita. SHIN:
14. TŌI AYUMU: Saitei.
15. SHIMOYAMA Dōshite? Soshite, kono ko wa... dare? SHIN:
16. Nē, o-jō-chan maeni atta koto ga aru?
17. ŌZORA FŪKA: Are? Fūka no papa janai...
ENGLISH
1. AYUMU TOI: Don't try to play dumb!
2. SHIN I'm not!! Calm down a little. SHIMOYAMA:
3. I've never heard the name Miu.
4. AYUMU TOI: Okay then, does the name Arashi ring a bell?
5. SHIN Arashi? Never heard it either. SHIMOYAMA:
6. I'm serious. I've never lied to you, Ayumu.
7. I've never been to Yamakawa Hospital.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #13 - I'VE NEVER LIED TO YOU IN JAPANESE! 5 8. I've never met with that woman either...I want you to believe me.
9. AYUMU TOI: ...
10. FUKA OZORA: Grandma, this way! Hurry up!! ...Oh, it's Daddy!
11. AYUMU &SHIN: Daddy?!
12. (Ayumu slaps Shin)
13. SHIN Ow! SHIMOYAMA:
14. AYUMU TOI: You jerk.
15. SHIN Why? And…who is this girl? SHIMOYAMA:
16. Hey little girl, have I met you before?
17. FUKA OZORA: Huh? You're not my daddy...
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English Class
to play dumb, to とぼける とぼける tobokeru play innocent;V2
前に まえに maeni before preposition
お嬢ちゃん おじょうちゃん O-jō-chan young lady, miss
lowest, worst, 最低 さいてい saitei disgusting
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #13 - I'VE NEVER LIED TO YOU IN JAPANESE! 6 grandma, おばあちゃん おばあちゃん obāchan granny
to trust, to 信じる しんじる shinjiru believe;V2
会う あう au to meet; V1 verb
(嘘を)つく (うそを)つく (uso o) tsuku to tell (lies);V1
嘘 うそ uso lie
名前 なまえ namae name
to listen, to 聞く きく kiku hear, to ask; V1
to calm down, to 落ち着く おちつく ochitsuku feel at ease; V1
あれ？ あれ？ Are? Huh? Hmm?
SAMPLE SENTENCES
とぼけないでください。 学校に行く前に銀行に行かなければならな Tobokenaide kudasai. い。 Gakkō ni iku mae ni ginkō ni ikanakereba Don't play innocent. naranai.
I should go to the bank before school.
前に ここにきたことがありますか。 お嬢ちゃん、何才？ Mae ni koko ni kita koto ga arimasu ka. O-jō-chan, nan-sai?
Have you ever been here before? How old are you, young lady?
今日の最低気温は０度だ。 トムのおばあちゃんはとても若い。 Kyō no saitei kion wa rei-do da. Tomu no o-bā-chan wa totemo wakai.
Today's lowest temperature will be 0 degrees. Tom's grandma is very young.
私を信じてください。 午後１０時に駅の前で会いましょう。 Watashi o shinjite kudasai. Gogo jū-ji ni eki no mae de aimashō.
Trust me. I will meet you at 10 PM in front of the station.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #13 - I'VE NEVER LIED TO YOU IN JAPANESE! 7 明日、彼と会います。 嘘をついて、会社を休んだ。 Ashita, kare to aimasu. Uso o tsuite kaisha o yasunda.
I'll meet him tomorrow. I told a lie and skipped work.
あれは、みんな嘘です。 名前は、ヒロです。 Are wa minna uso desu. Namae wa Hiro desu.
Those are all lies. My (first) name is Hiro.
よく日本の歌をききますか。 落ち着いてください。 Yoku Nihon no uta o kikimasu ka. Ochitsuite kudasai.
Do you often listen to Japanese songs? Please calm down.
あれ？これ、なに？ Are? Kore nani?
Huh? What's this?
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE ochitsuku (落ち着く) "to calm down" This word is made up of two verbs: ochiru ("to fall") and tsuku ("to arrive"). This is a Class 1 verb that means "to calm down" or "to settle down." uso o tsuku (嘘をつく) "to tell a lie" Uso is "lie" and tsuku is a verb meaning "to exhale" or "to say." However, we usually use tsuku with uso to mean "to say." You can also say Uso o iu to mean "to tell a lie." saitei (最低 ) "the lowest" The first kanji means "the most" or "-est" and the second kanji means "low," so saitei literally means "the lowest" or "lowest rank." For example, saitei kion (最低気温) is "the lowest temperature. The opposite word is saikō (最高). When we use saitei to describe a person, it means that that person has low integrity. It is quite a strong word, so please be careful when using it.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is How t o Talk about One's Experience. 山川病院に 行ったことは ない。 Yamakawa byōin ni it t a kot o wa nai.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #13 - I'VE NEVER LIED TO YOU IN JAPANESE! 8 "I've never been t o Yamakawa Hospit al."
In this lesson, you'll learn how to say you have the experience of doing something (or don't have the experience of something) in Japanese.
[Verb] たことがある ("I have t he experience of ...")
The informal past form of a verb followed by -koto ga aru indicates that someone has done something before or that something has happened before.
Format ion
Affirmative
• Informal: [Verb; informal past form (ta form)] + koto ga aru • Formal: [Verb; informal past form (ta form)] + koto ga arimasu
Negat ive
• Informal: [Verb; informal past form (ta form)] + koto ga nai • Formal: [Verb; informal past form (ta form)] + koto ga arimasen/koto ga nai desu
*Please note that we can replace the particle ga with wa for emphasis or comparison purposes.
Sample Sent ences
1. 有名人に会っ たことがある。 Yūmeijin ni atta koto ga aru. "I've met a famous person."
2. ヨーロッパに行ったことがない。
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #13 - I'VE NEVER LIED TO YOU IN JAPANESE! 9 Yōroppa ni it t a kot o ga nai. “I've never been to Europe.”
Quest ion and Answer
Inf ormal
1. かぶきを見たことがある？ Kabuki o mita koto ga aru? "Have you ever seen a Kabuki play?" → うん、ある。 Un, aru. "Yes (I have)." → ううん、ない。 Uun, nai. "No (I haven't)."
Formal
1. かぶきを見たことがありますか。 Kabuki o mita koto ga arimasu ka. → はい、あります。 Hai, arimasu. "Yes (I have)." → いいえ、ありません。 Iie, arimasen. "No (I haven't)."
Usef ul Expressions f or Talking about Experience
Count ers f or occurrence: 度 (do) and 回 (kai) To say how many times you've done something, we use the counters do and kai.
"English" Do Kai
ichido ikkai "once" (一度) (一回)
nido nikai "twice" (二度) (二回)
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #13 - I'VE NEVER LIED TO YOU IN JAPANESE! 10 sando sankai "three times" (三度) (三回)
nando mo nankai mo "many times" (何度も) (何回も)
ichido mo ikkai mo "never" (not even once) (一度も) (一回も)
*Please note that ichido mo and ikkai mo appear only in negative sentences, where we use them for emphasis.
For Example:
1. 一度フ グを食べたことがある。 Ichido fugu o tabeta koto ga aru. "I've eaten balloonfish once."
2. 何度もフ グを食べたことがある。 Nando mo fugu o tabeta koto ga aru. "I've eaten balloonfish many times."
3. 一度もフ グを食べたことがな い。 Ichido mo fugu o tabeta koto ga nai. "I've NEVER eaten balloonfish, not even once."
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• [Noun] to iu [noun]⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 11 • [Verb] te hoshii ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 6
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #13 - I'VE NEVER LIED TO YOU IN JAPANESE! 11 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #14 Now Hear This in Japanese!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 7 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 14
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 下山 新: ふざけるなよー。 君、誰？
2. 大空 風歌: ・・・怖いよー。
3. 下山 新: 泣くなよー。
4. 遠井 歩: ね、お嬢ちゃん、お名前は？
5. 大空 風歌: 大空 風歌。・・・３才です。
6. 遠井 歩: ・・・風歌ちゃんのお母さんのお名前は何ですか？
7. 大空 風歌: 大空 美雨です。
8. 遠井 歩: ・・・風歌ちゃんの お父さんは この、おじさんですか？
9. 下山 新: おい！まだ信じていないのか。 いいかげんにしろ。俺を 信じろよ。
10. 大空 風歌: ・・・ちがいます。 風歌の パパは、大空晴夜です。
11. 天道 きり: あら・・・風歌ちゃん、ここに いたの？ あら？晴夜さん？ ・・・あら？違う。嫌だ。そっくり！
KANA
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #14 - NOW HEAR THIS IN JAPANESE! 2 1. しもやま しん: ふざけるなよー。 きみ、だれ？
2. おおぞら ふうか: ・・・こわいよー。
3. しもやま しん: なくなよー。
4. とおい あゆむ: ね、おじょうちゃん、おなまえは？
5. おおぞら ふうか: おおぞら ふうか。・・・３さいです。
6. とおい あゆむ: ・・・ふうかちゃんの おかあさんの おなまえは なんですか？
7. おおぞら ふうか: おおぞら みうです。
8. とおい あゆむ: ・・・ふうかちゃんの おとうさんは この、おじさんですか？
9. しもやま しん: おい！まだしんじて いないのか。 いいかげんにしろ。おれを しんじろよ。
10. おおぞら かぜうた: ・・・ちがいます。 ふうかの パパは、おおぞら はるやです。
11. てんどう きり: あら・・・ふうかちゃん、ここに いたの？ あら？はるやさん？ ・・・あら？ちがう。いやだ。そっくり！
ROMANIZATION
1. SHIMOYAMA Fuzakeruna yō. SHIN: Kimi, dare?
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #14 - NOW HEAR THIS IN JAPANESE! 3 2. ŌZORA FŪKA: ... Kowai yō.
3. SHIMOYAMA Nakuna yō. SHIN:
4. TŌI AYUMU: Ne, o-jō-chan, o-namae wa?
5. ŌZORA FŪKA: Ōzora Fūka.... San-sai desu.
6. TŌI AYUMU: ... Fūka-chan no o-kā-san no o-namae wa nan desu ka?
7. ŌZORA FŪKA: Ōzora Miu desu.
8. TŌI AYUMU: ... Fūka-chan no o-tō-san wa kono, oji-san desu ka?
9. SHIMOYAMA Oi! Mada shinjite inai no ka. SHIN: Ii kagen ni shiro. Ore o shinjiro yo.
10. ŌZORA FŪKA: ... Chigai masu. Fūka no papa wa, Ōzora Haruya desu.
11. TENDŌ KIRI: Ara...Fūka-chan, koko ni ita no? Ara? Haruya-san? ...Ara? Chigau. Iya da. Sokkuri!
ENGLISH
1. SHIN Enough messing around! SHIMOYAMA: Who are you?
2. FUKA OZORA: ...I'm scared~
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #14 - NOW HEAR THIS IN JAPANESE! 4 3. SHIN C'mon, don't cry~ SHIMOYAMA:
4. AYUMU TOI: Hey, little girl, what's your name?
5. FUKA OZORA: I'm Fuka Ozora...I'm three years old.
6. AYUMU TOI: ...And what's your mother's name, Fuka?
7. FUKA OZORA: Miu Ozora.
8. AYUMU TOI: ...And is this man your father?
9. SHIN Hey! You still don't believe me?! SHIMOYAMA: That's enough! Believe me already!
10. FUKA OZORA: No, he's not. My daddy is Haruya Ozora.
11. KIRI TENDO: Oh, Fuka...you were over here? Oh? Haruya? ...Oh, you're not him. Oops. You look just alike!
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
fool around; mess ふざける ふざける fuzakeru around V2
Cut it out! That's いいかげんにしろ。 いいかげんにしろ。 Ii kagen ni shiro. enough!
信じる しんじる shinjiru to trust, to believe;V2
おい おい oi Hey!
お父さん おとうさん o-tō-san father
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #14 - NOW HEAR THIS IN JAPANESE! 5 uncle, old man, おじさん おじさん oji-san middle-aged man
お母さん おかあさん o-kā-san mother
名前 なまえ namae name
お嬢ちゃん おじょうちゃん O-jō-chan young lady, miss
泣く なく naku to cry; V1
scary, frightening; Adj 怖い こわい kowai (i)
you; used by male 君 きみ kimi speaker
to differ, to be 違う ちがう chigau different ; V1
SAMPLE SENTENCES
ふざけないでください! 父は「いいかげんにしろ！」といった。 Fuzakenaide kudasai. Chichi wa "Ii kagen ni shiro!" to itta.
Will you stop fooling around? My father said "Cut it out!."
私を信じてください。 おい！やめろ！ Watashi o shinjite kudasai. Oi. Yamero.
Trust me. Hey. Stop it!
お父さんはお元気ですか。 あのおじさんは誰？ O-tō-san wa o-genki desu ka. Ano oji-san wa dare?
How's your father? Who is that middle-aged man?
佐藤さんのお母さんはスペイン人です。 彼の名前は、太郎です。 Satō-san no o-kā-san wa Supein-jin desu. Kare no namae wa, Tarō desu.
Mr. Sato's mother is Spanish. His name is Taro.
お嬢ちゃん、何才？ 昨日、映画をみて、泣きました。 O-jō-chan, nan-sai? Kinō eiga o mite nakimashita.
How old are you, young lady? Yesterday I saw a movie and cried.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #14 - NOW HEAR THIS IN JAPANESE! 6 怖い映画が嫌いです。 君の名前は何? Kowai eiga ga kirai desu. Kimi no namae wa nani?
I hate scary movies. What's your name?
それは、違います。 Sore wa chigaimasu.
That's not right.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE ojō-chan (お譲ちゃん) "young lady" Ojō-san also means "miss" or "young lady." Since we used the affectionate suffix -chan, ojō- chan has a friendlier and much younger connotation than ojō-san. We use these words to get the attention of a lady or a girl whose name you don't know. oji-san (おじさん) "middle-aged man" Oji-san means "uncle" but it can also refer to a "middle-aged man." "Middle-aged woman" is oba-san.
Oi! (おい) "Hey!" Mostly men use this word. Please note that we can only use this oi toward someone who is of equal or lower social status level than us.
Ii kagen ni shiro (いいかげんにしろ!) "Cut it out!" "That's enough already!" This phrase expresses the speaker's strong irritation toward the situation or the listening party. Ii is "good," kagen means "degree," and shiro is the imperative form of the verb suru. The original phrase is ii kagen ni suru, which means "do something in moderation," "not to go overboard," or "not to overdo." Therefore, the command ii kagen ni shiro is literally telling someone not to overdo something.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Telling Someone t o Do Somet hing. 泣くなよ。 Naku na yo. "C'mon, don't cry."
In this lesson, you'll learn about the grammar form called the imperative that tells
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #14 - NOW HEAR THIS IN JAPANESE! 7 someone to do something in a strong manner.
How t o Make t he Imperat ive Form of a Verb
We often use imperative forms in emergency situations or when cheering at sport events.
Affirmative (Telling someone to do something)
• Class 1: Change the final - u column sound to the -e column sound. • Class 2 : Replace the final ru (る) with ro (ろ). • Class 3 : suru (する) → shiro (しろ), kuru (来る) → koi (来い)
Negative (Telling someone not to do something) To form the negative imperative, add na (な) to the dictionary form of a verb.
For Example:
"English" Dict ionary Form Imperat ive Negat ive Imperat ive
iku ike iku na "to go" (行く) (行け) (行くな)
hanasu hanase hanasu na "to speak" (話す) (話せ) (話すな)
miru miro miru na "to look" (見る) (見ろ) (見るな)
suru shiro suru na "to do" (する) (しろ) (するな)
kuru koi kuru na "to come" (来る) (来い) (来るな)
Sample Sent ences
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #14 - NOW HEAR THIS IN JAPANESE! 8
1. なだれだ！走れ！ Nadare da! Hashire! "Avalanche! Run!"
2. 行け！頑張れ！ Ike! Ganbare! "Go! Hang in there!"
When the sentence ending yo follows the imperative, it serves to soften the imperative. When men give advice, consolation, or encouragement to someone who is close to them, they use the [imperative form ]+ yo. Notice how Shin adds yo to the imperative form of a verb: naku na yo ("C'mon, don't cry").
Ref erence
Please also review the following Grammar Points.
• mada [verb] te inai ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 41 • Sentence-ending particle no ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 11
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #14 - NOW HEAR THIS IN JAPANESE! 9 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #15 Please Give Me a Discount on that Japanese Item!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 6 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar 10 Cultural Insight
# 15
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 大空 風歌: かーぜかぜふくな、しゃーぼんだまとばそー。かーぜかぜふくな、 しゃーぼん…
2. 大空 晴夜: やめなさい。風歌。 パパ、電話中なんだ。静かにしなさい。
3. 天道 きり: あら、まだ風歌ちゃん起きているの？ もう、８時よ。もうお風呂に入ったの？
4. 大空 晴夜: あ、はい。
5. 天道 きり: でね、本当にそっくりなのよ。 その人を見たとき、晴夜さんだと思ったわ。
6. 大空 晴夜: ...こら、風歌。走るな。
7. 天道 きり: 下山さんっていう親せき、いる？
8. 大空 晴夜: いませんよー。
9. 天道 きり: でもね、その人、晴夜さんと、同じ出身地なのよ。 ね！ちょっと、聞いているの？
10. 大空 晴夜: いいかげんにしなさい、風歌！もう ねなさい！
KANA
1. おおぞら ふうか: かーぜ かぜふくな、しゃーぼんだま とばそー。かーぜかぜ ふくな、 しゃーぼん…
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #15 - PLEASE GIVE ME A DISCOUNT ON THAT JAPANESE ITEM! 2 2. おおぞら はるや: やめなさい。ふうか。 パパ、でんわちゅうなんだ。しずかにしなさい。
3. てんどう きり: あら、まだ ふうかちゃん おきている の？ もう、８じよ。もう おふろに はいったの？
4. おおぞら はるや: あ、はい。
5. てんどう きり: でね、ほんとうに そっくりなのよ。 そのひとを みたとき、はるやさんだ とおもったわ。
6. おおぞら はるや: ...こら、ふうか。はしるな。
7. てんどう きり: しもやまさんっていう しんせき、いる？
8. おおぞら はるや: いませんよ。
9. てんどう きり: でもね、そのひと、はるやさんと、おなじしゅっしんちなのよ。 ね！ちょっと、きいている の？
10. おおぞら はるや: いいかげんに しなさい、ふうか！もう ねなさい！
ROMANIZATION
1. ŌZORA FŪKA: Kāze kaze fuku na, shābondama tobasō. Kāze kaze fuku na, shā bon...
2. ŌZORA HARUYA: Yamenasai. Fūka. Papa, denwa chū nan da. Shizukani shi nasai.
3. TENDŌ KIRI: Ara, mada Fūka-chan okite iru no? Mō, hachi-ji yo. Mō o-furo ni haitta no?
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #15 - PLEASE GIVE ME A DISCOUNT ON THAT JAPANESE ITEM! 3 4. ŌZORA HARUYA: A, hai.
5. TENDŌ KIRI: Dene, hontō ni sokkuri nano yo. Sono hito o mita toki, Haruya-san da to omotta wa.
6. ŌZORA HARUYA: ...Kora, Fūka. Hashiru na.
7. TENDŌ KIRI: Shimoyama-san tteiu shinseki, iru?
8. ŌZORA HARUYA: Imasen yō.
9. TENDŌ KIRI: Demo ne, sono hito, Haruya-san to, onaji shusshin-chi na no yo. Ne! chotto, kiite iru no?
10. ŌZORA HARUYA: Iikagenni shinasai, Fūka! Mō nenasai!
ENGLISH
1. FUKA: Wind~ wind~ don't blow ♪ Let my little soap bubble float~ Wind~ wind~ don't blow~ ♪
2. HARUYA: Cut that out, Fuka. Daddy's on the phone. Be quiet.
3. KIRI TENDO: Oh my, Fuka's still awake? It's already eight o'clock! Did she already take a bath?
4. HARUYA: Oh, yes, she has.
5. KIRI TENDO: Anyway, the person looked just like you! When I saw him, I thought it was you!
6. HARUYA: ...Hey, Fuka. Don't run around.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #15 - PLEASE GIVE ME A DISCOUNT ON THAT JAPANESE ITEM! 4 7. KIRI TENDO: Do you have any relatives by the name Shimoyama?
8. HARUYA: I don't.
9. KIRI TENDO: But you know, that person has the same hometown as you! Hey, are you listening?
10. HARUYA: That's enough, Fuka! Get to bed already!
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
風 かぜ kaze wind
出身地 しゅっしんち shusshinchi hometown, birthplace
親せき しんせき shinseki relative
走る はしる hashiru to run; V1
同じ おなじ onaji same
just like,spitting そっくり（な） そっくり（な） sokkuri(na) image; Na-adj
お風呂 おふろ o-furo bath
to wake up, to get 起きる おきる okiru up; V2
飛ばす とばす tobasu to fly; V1
シャボン玉 しゃぼんだま shabon-dama soap bubble
吹く ふく fuku to blow; V1
to listen, to hear, to 聞く きく kiku ask; V1
SAMPLE SENTENCES
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #15 - PLEASE GIVE ME A DISCOUNT ON THAT JAPANESE ITEM! 5 今日は風が強い。 出身地を書いてください。 Kyō wa kaze ga tsuyoi. Shusshinchi o kaite kudasai.
It's windy today. Please write your birthplace.
親せきのうちに行きました。 走らないでください。 Shinseki no uchi ni ikimashita. Hashiranaide kudasai.
I visited my relatives. Please don't run.
カフェオレとカフェラテは同じですか。 ハルヤとシンはそっくりだ。 Kafe ore to kafe rate wa onaji desu ka. Haruya to Shin wa sokkkuri da.
Are café-au-laits and café lattes the same? Haruya and Shin are so alike.
一日に二回お風呂に入る。 毎朝、私は六時に起きる Ichinichi ni nikai o-furo ni hairu. Maiasa, watashi wa roku-ji ni okiru.
I take a bath twice a day. I get up at six o'clock every morning.
わたしは、紙飛行機を作って、飛ばした。 お風呂でシャボン玉を作った。 Watashi wa kami hikōki o tsukutte tobashita. O-furo de shabon-dama o tsukutta.
I made a paper airplane and made it fly. I made soap bubbles in the bath tub.
風が吹いています。 よく日本の歌をききますか。 Kaze ga fuite imasu. Yoku Nihon no uta o kikimasu ka.
The wind is blowing./ It's windy. Do you often listen to Japanese songs?
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
shusshinchi ( 出身地) "hometown" Both shusshin and shusshinchi mean "hometown" or "birthplace." However, shusshinchi has the kanji for "place," so we use it exclusively for "hometown," whereas shusshin is a bit more vague. Shusshin could also mean "the school you graduated from," "what social class you're from," and so on. When we use it to mean "hometown," though, both shusshin and shusshinchi are interchangeable.
kora (こら) "Hey" Kora is an interjection we use for scolding someone. Adults usually use this word when scolding kids.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #15 - PLEASE GIVE ME A DISCOUNT ON THAT JAPANESE ITEM! 6 mada (まだ) "yet," "still," "not yet" Please review the meaning of this word in these sample sentences.
● Affirmative: mada ＋ -te iru ("still in a certain condition")
For Example:
1. 風歌は まだ おきている。 Fūka wa mada okiteiru. "Fūka is still awake."
● Negative: mada ＋ -te inai ("haven't done something yet")
For Example:
1. まだ、勉強していない。 Mada, benkyō shite inai. "I haven't studied it yet."
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Giving a Command in a Slight ly Polit e Way. もう ねなさい！ Mō nenasai! "Get t o bed already!"
In this lesson, you'll learn about the grammar called polite imperative.
How t o Form t he Polit e Imperat ive Form
We use polite imperative forms most often when a parent is scolding a child. We also use these forms for instructions on a test.
Format ion
[Verb; masu stem]＋nasai *Note that there is no negative form.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #15 - PLEASE GIVE ME A DISCOUNT ON THAT JAPANESE ITEM! 7 "English" Dict ionary Form Masu Form Polit e Imperat ive
erabu erabimasu erabinasai "to choose" (えらぶ) (えらびます) (えらびなさい )
kaku kakimasu kakinasai "to write" (書く) (書きます) (書きなさい)
neru nemasu nenasai "to sleep" (ねる) (ねます) (ねなさい)
yameru yamemasu yamenasai "to quit" (やめる) (やめます ) (やめなさい)
okiru okimasu okinasai "to get up" (おきる) (おきます) (おきなさい)
suru shimasu shinasai "to do" (する) (します) (しなさい)
kuru kimasu kinasai "to come" (来る) (来ます) (来なさい)
Sample Sent ences
1. 漢字で 書きなさい。 Kanji de kakinasai. "Write it in kanji."
2. 正しい 答えを 選びなさい。 Tadashii kotae o erabinasai. "Choose the correct answer."
3. もう、遅いからねなさい。 Mō osoi kara nenasai. "It's already late, so get to bed."
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #15 - PLEASE GIVE ME A DISCOUNT ON THAT JAPANESE ITEM! 8 4. 気をつけなさい。 Ki o tsukenasai. "You be careful."
-nasai in Set Phrases
We use -nasai in set phrases you're already familiar with. Nasai comes from the verb nasaru, which is an honorific way to say "to do." So Gomen nasai literally means "Do excuse me," and o-yasumi nasai literally means "Do have a rest." Of course, we use these phrases in a sense of "I'm sorry" and "Good night" today.
[Adverbial Form of Adject ive] ＋ suru
When suru follows the adverbial form of an adjective, it means "to make something in a certain state." We explain how to create the adverbial form of an adjective in Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 47.
Dict ionary Form Adverbial Form ＋ Suru
ookii ookiku ookiku suru (大きい) (大きく) (大きくする)
yasui yasuku yasuku suru (安い) (安く) (安くする)
kirei kirei ni kirei ni suru (きれい) (きれいに) (きれいにする)
shizuka shizuka ni shizuka ni suru (しずか) (しずかに) (しずかにする)
Sample Sent ences
1. テレビのボリュームを大きくしてください。 Terebi no boryūmu o ookiku shite kudasai. "Please turn the TV up." (Literal translation: "Please make the TV volume bigger.")
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #15 - PLEASE GIVE ME A DISCOUNT ON THAT JAPANESE ITEM! 9 2. 少し、安くしてください。 Sukoshi yasuku shite kudasai. "Please give me a discount." (Literal translation: "Please make it a little cheaper.")
3. 部屋をそうじして、きれいにした。 Heya o sōji shite kirei ni shita. "I cleaned the room." (Literal translation: "I cleaned the room and made it clean.")
4. 静かにしてください。 Shizuka ni shite kudasai. "Please be quiet." (Literal translation: "Please make it quiet.")
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• Negative imperative ("Do not...") ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 14 • Polite volitional ("Let's...") ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 33 • N da ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 3 • Sentence-ending particle no ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 11 • Toki meaning "when" ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 12 • -tte iu ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 11 • -to omou ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 36 • suffix -chū ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 9
CULTURAL INSIGHT
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #15 - PLEASE GIVE ME A DISCOUNT ON THAT JAPANESE ITEM! 10 The title of the song Fūka was singing in the dialogue is シャボン玉 (Shabon-dama) "Soap bubbles." You can listen to the full version of this song and get lyrics and the translation in Japanese Song lesson 7.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #15 - PLEASE GIVE ME A DISCOUNT ON THAT JAPANESE ITEM! 11 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #16 Did You Have a Japanese Makeover?
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 6 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 16
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 左 絵理花: 下山先輩、おはようございます。 あ、髪形を変えました？
2. 下山 新: 暑いから、短くしたんだ。
3. 左 絵理花: 似合っていますよ。 体調は よくなったんですか。
4. 下山 新: ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。
5. 部長: おーい、下山。
6. 下山 新: あ、おはようございます、部長。
7. 部長: 色々なことがあって、出張は中止になった。ごめんな。 でも、君を 今度のプロジェクトの責任者に するから、頑張れよ。
8. 下山 新: は？僕ですか？
9. 左 絵理花: すごい。先輩。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。 これから もっと 忙しくなりますね。
KANA
1. ひだり えりか: しもやませんぱい、おはようございます。 あ、かみがたを かえました？
2. しもやま しん: あついから、みじかくしたんだ。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #16 - DID YOU HAVE A JAPANESE MAKEOVER? 2 3. ひだり えりか: にあっていますよ。 たいちょうは よくなったんですか。
4. しもやま しん: ああ、おかげさまで よくなったよ。
5. ぶちょう: おーい、しもやま。
6. しもやま しん: あ、おはようございます、ぶちょう。
7. ぶちょう: いろいろなことが あって、しゅっちょうは ちゅうしに なった。ごめ んな。 でも、きみを こんどの プロジェクトの せきにんしゃに するから、 がんばれよ。
8. しもやま しん: は？ぼくですか？
9. ひだり えりか: すごい。せんぱい。プロジェクトリーダーに なるんですか。 これから もっと いそがしくなりますね。
ROMANIZATION
1. HIDARI ERIKA: Shimoyama-senpai, ohayō gozaimasu. A, kamigata o kaemashita?
2. SHIMOYAMA Atsui kara, mijikaku shita nda. SHIN:
3. HIDARI ERIKA: Niatte imasu yo. Taichō wa yoku natta ndesu ka.
4. SHIMOYAMA Aa, okage-sama de yoku natta yo. SHIN:
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #16 - DID YOU HAVE A JAPANESE MAKEOVER? 3 5. BUCHŌ: Ōi, Shimoyama.
6. SHIMOYAMA A, ohayō gozaimasu, buchō. SHIN:
7. BUCHŌ: Iroiro na koto ga atte, shucchō wa chūshi ni natta. Gomen na. Demo, kimi o kondo no purojiekuto no sekininsha ni suru kara, ganbare yo.
8. SHIMOYAMA Ha? Boku desu ka? SHIN:
9. HIDARI ERIKA: Sugoi. Senpai. Purojiekuto-rīdā ni naru ndesu ka. Kore kara motto isogashiku narimasu ne.
ENGLISH
1. ERIKA HIDARI: Good morning, Shimoyama-senpai! Oh, did you change your hairstyle?
2. SHIN It's hot, so I had it cut short. SHIMOYAMA:
3. ERIKA HIDARI: It looks great on you! Are you feeling all better?
4. SHIN Oh, thanks for asking. I'm a lot better now. SHIMOYAMA:
5. MANAGER: Hey, Shimoyama!
6. SHIN Oh, good morning, manager. SHIMOYAMA:
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #16 - DID YOU HAVE A JAPANESE MAKEOVER? 4 7. MANAGER: We've had a lot going on, and so the business trip has been canceled. Sorry 'bout that. But I'm going to make you in charge of our next project coming up, so good luck.
8. SHIN What? Me? SHIMOYAMA:
9. ERIKA HIDARI: Wow! You're going to be the project leader! You're going to get even busier!
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
髪形 かみがた kamigata hairdo, hairstyle
リーダー リーダー rīdā leader
to try one's best, to 頑張る がんばる ganbaru hang in there;V1
person in charge, 責任者 せきにんしゃ sekinin-sha responsible person
プロジェクト プロジェクト purojekuto project
今度 こんど Kondo next time, this time
短い みじかい mijikai short;Adj(i)
色々 いろいろ iroiro various; Adj(na)
suspension, 中止 ちゅうし chūshi cancellation, halt
thanks to you, thanks おかげさまで おかげさまで okage sama de for asking
似合う にあう niau to suit, to match; V1
変える かえる kaeru to change;V2
もっと もっと motto more
SAMPLE SENTENCES JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #16 - DID YOU HAVE A JAPANESE MAKEOVER? 5 髪形を変えたい。 良いリーダーになりたい。 Kamigata o kaetai. Ii rīdā ni naritai.
I want to change my hairstyle. I want to be a good leader.
頑張ってください。 責任者は誰ですか。 Ganbatte kudasai. Sekininsha wa dare desu ka.
Do your best. Who is the person in charge?
このプロジェクトを中止しよう。 じゃ、また今度。 Kono purojekuto o chūshi shiyō. Ja, mata kondo.
Let's cancel this project. See you next time!
ケイトは髪が短い。 色々ありがとうございました。 Keito wa kami ga mijikai. Iroiro arigatō gozaimashita.
Kate has short hair. Thank you for everything.
雪が降っているので、ゴルフを中止しまし おかげさまで、元気です。 Okagesama de genki desu. ょう。 Yuki ga futte iru node, gorufu o chūshi shimashō. I'm fine, thanks for asking. Since it's snowing, let's cancel our game of golf.
似合っています。 考え方を変えました。 Niatte imasu. Kangae-kata o kaemashita.
It looks good on you. I changed my way of thinking.
もっと食べてください. Motto tabete kudasai.
Please have some more.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE kami gata (髪形) "hairstyle" The kanji kami (髪) means "hair (on the head)" and kata (形) means "shape." We can also write kamigata as 髪型 - both are commonly used.
ganbare (頑張れ) "Do your best!" "Try hard!" "Good luck!"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #16 - DID YOU HAVE A JAPANESE MAKEOVER? 6 Ganbare is the imperative form of the verb ganbaru. As you already know, ganbaru is a very common verb that means to "do one's best" or to "work very hard." sekininsha (責任者) "person in charge " This word is made up of two parts. Sekinin is "responsibility", and sha is a suffix meaning "person." niau (似合う) "to look nice," "to suit," "to match" This is a class one verb. Check the usage in the examples below.
For Example:
1. 私は赤が似合う。 Watashi wa aka ga niau. "I look good in red."
2. 似合っていますよ。 Niatte imasu yo. "It suits you!"
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Expressing Change wit h Suru. 君を今度のプロジェクトの責任者にする。 Kimi o kondo no purojiekuto no sekininsha ni suru. "I'm going t o make you in charge of our next project coming up."
In this lesson, we will learn how suru indicates change, comparing it to the usage of naru.
Usage of Suru Preceded by an Adject ive or a Noun
The verb suru basically means "to do" or "to make." When suru follows an adjective or a noun, it means the subject causes that state.
Format ion
I. i adjective: [Adverbial form; replace final i with ku ]＋suru
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #16 - DID YOU HAVE A JAPANESE MAKEOVER? 7 For Example:
• amai ("sweet") → amaku suru ("to make something sweet")
II. na adjective: [Adverbial form; adjective stem plus ni ]＋suru
For Example:
• kirei ("beautiful," "clean") → kirei ni suru ("to make something clean/beautiful")
III. Noun: [Noun]＋ni＋suru
For Example:
• chūshi ("cancellation") → chūshi ni suru ("to cancel something")
Sent ence St ruct ure
[Adverbial f orm of adject ive] Subject Wa Object O suru or [Noun＋ ni]
watashi wa kami o mijikaku suru. (私は) (は) (髪) (を) (短く) (する。)
watashi wa heya o kirei ni suru. (私は) (は) (部屋) (を) (きれいに) (する。)
watashi wa kimi o sekininsha suru. (私は) (は) (君) (を) ni (する。) (責任者に)
Note that the object or thing that changes is followed by the particle o.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #16 - DID YOU HAVE A JAPANESE MAKEOVER? 8 Sample Sent ences
1. 暑いから、短くしたんだ。 Atsui kara, mijikaku shita nda. "It's hot, so I had it cut short."
The original sentence is Atsui kara, watashi wa kami o mijikaku shita (暑いから、私は髪を 短くした). Since the subject and the thing they were talking about were clear from the context, we omitted the subject, watashi, and the object, kami.
Suru and Naru
As we learned in Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 47 and 48, naru ("to become") also follows the adverbial form of an adjective or a noun and indicates change or transformation. However, suru describes a change made intentionally by someone, whereas naru focuses on a natural change or a result and the one making the change is not specified.
Because of this difference, we use suru when we want to say someone is responsible for that change. We use naru when we think the result or current state caused by the change is more important than who causes it.
Compare the following sentences.
1. わたしは、コーヒーを甘くした。 Watashi wa kōhī o amaku shit a. "I made the coffee sweet ."
2. コーヒーは（orが）、甘くなった。 Kōhī wa(or ga) amaku nat t a. "The coffee became sweet.
3. わたしは掃除をして、部屋をきれいにした。 Watashi wa sōji o shite, heya o kirei ni shit a. "I cleaned the room and made it clean."
4. 掃除をしたので、部屋は（orが）きれいになった。 Sōji o shita node, heya wa(or ｇa) kireini nat t a. "Since I cleaned the room, it became clean."
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #16 - DID YOU HAVE A JAPANESE MAKEOVER? 9 5. 雨が降ったので、コーチは練習を中止にした。 Ame ga futta node kōchi wa renshū o chūshi ni shit a. "Since it rained, the coach canceled t he pract ice."
6. 雨が降ったので、練習は（or が）中止になった。 Ame ga futta node, renshū wa(or ga) chūshi ni nat t a. "Since it rained, the practice was canceled."
Ref erence
Please also review the following Grammar Points.
• naru ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 47, 48 • Imperative form of a verb ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 14 • Giving reasons; kara, node, de ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 6 • okagesama de ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 21
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #16 - DID YOU HAVE A JAPANESE MAKEOVER? 10 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #17 It Has Come to Be that I Am Addicted to Japanese Food!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 3 English 4 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 6 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 17
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 大空 晴夜: こんばんは。
2. 管理人: あ、大空さん。久しぶりですね。 あら、娘さん、もう、歩けるようになったの？
3. 大空 風歌: こんばんは！おおぞらふうかです。
4. 管理人: あいさつも できるようになったのね。えらいわ。 で、悪いんですけど、ごみは、夜 出さないようにしてください。
5. 大空 晴夜: あ、だめなんですか。すみません。知りませんでした。
6. 管理人: 燃えるごみは 月、水、金の朝五時から七時までに、 燃えないごみは 火、木の朝五時から七時までに出すようにしてくだ さい。
7. 大空 晴夜: はい。
KANA
1. おおぞら はるや: こんばんは。
2. かんりにん: あ、おおぞらさん。ひさしぶりですね。 あら、むすめさん、もう、あるけるようになったの？
3. おおぞら ふうか: こんばんは！おおぞら ふうかです。
4. かんりにん: あいさつも できるように なったのね。えらいわ。 で、わるいんですけど、ごみは、よる ださないように してくだ さい。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #17 - IT HAS COME TO BE THAT I AM ADDICTED TO JAPANESE FOOD! 2 5. おおぞら はるや: あ、だめなんですか。すみません。しりませんでした。
6. かんりにん: もえるごみは げつ、すい、きんの あさ ごじ から しちじ までに、 もえないごみは か、もくの あさ ごじ からしちじまでに だすように してください。
7. おおぞら はるや: はい。
ROMANIZATION
1. ŌZORA HARUYA: Konban wa.
2. KANRININ: A, Ōzora san. hisashiburi desu ne. Ara, musume-san, mō, arukeru yōni natta no?
3. ŌZORA FŪKA: Konban wa! Ōzora Fūka desu.
4. KANRININ: Aisatsu mo dekiru yō ni natta no ne. Erai wa. De, waruindesu kedo, gomi wa, yoru dasanai yōni shite kudasai.
5. ŌZORA HARUYA: A, damenandesu ka. Sumimasen. Shirimasen deshita.
6. KANRININ: Moeru-gomi wa getsu, sui, kin no asa go-ji kara shichi-ji made ni, moenai-gomi wa ka, moku no asa go-ji kara shichi-ji made ni dasu yōni shite kudasai.
7. ŌZORA HARUYA: Hai.
ENGLISH
1. HARUYA OZORA: Good evening.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #17 - IT HAS COME TO BE THAT I AM ADDICTED TO JAPANESE FOOD! 3 2. CARETAKER: Oh, Haruya! It's been a while. My, your daughter is able to walk now?
3. FUKA OZORA: Hello! I'm Fuka Ozora.
4. CARETAKER: You're able to greet people now too! Good for you! Oh, and I'm sorry about this, but please don't put the garbage out at night.
5. HARUYA OZORA: Oh, that's not okay? I'm sorry, I didn't know that.
6. CARETAKER: Please put out the burnable garbage on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays from five to seven in the morning, and the non-burnable garbage on Tuesdays and Thursdays from five to seven in the morning.
7. HARUYA OZORA: Okay.
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
燃えない もえない moenai unburnable
caretaker, 管理人 かんりにん kanrinin superintendent
by, not later than, までに までに made ni before
だめ だめ dame no good, Adj(na)
悪い わるい warui bad
出す だす dasu to take out;V1
rubbish, trash, ごみ ごみ gomi garbage
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #17 - IT HAS COME TO BE THAT I AM ADDICTED TO JAPANESE FOOD! 4 great, excellent, えらい えらい erai remarkable; Adj(i)
できる できる dekiru to be able to do;V2
あいさつ あいさつ aisatsu greeting
(someone else's) 娘さん むすめさん musume-san daughter
燃える もえる moeru to burn, burnable;V2
SAMPLE SENTENCES
もえない服をかった。 私のアパートの管理人さんは親切だ。 Moenai fuku o katta. Watashi no apāto no kanrinin san wa shinsetsu da. I bought nonflammable clothes. The caretaker of my apartment is kind.
明日までに、メールをください。 わたしは、お酒がダメです。 Ashita made ni mēru o kudasai. Watashi wa o-sake ga dame desu.
Please send me an e-mail by tomorrow. I can't handle any alcohol.
ごめん。悪い、悪い。 財布から、お金を出した。 Gomen, warui, warui. Saifu kara o-kane o dashita.
Sorry. My bad, my bad. I took out money from my wallet.
ゴミをすてるな! まさとし君は、毎日、勉強します。えらい Gomi o suteru na! です。 Masatoshi-kun wa, mainichi, benkyō shimasu. Erai No throwing out trash! desu.
Masatoshi studies every day. How admirable!
クーポンを使うことができますか。 先生にあいさつをした。 Kūpon o tsukau koto ga dekimasu ka. Sensei ni aisatsu o shita.
Can I use a coupon? I said hello to the teacher.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #17 - IT HAS COME TO BE THAT I AM ADDICTED TO JAPANESE FOOD! 5 田中さんの娘さんは頭が良い。 これは、もえますか。 Tanaka-san no musume-san wa atama ga ii. Kore wa moemasu ka.
Mr. Tanaka's daughter is very smart. Is this burnable?
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE aisatsu (あいさつ) "greeting" Aisatsu is a noun that means "greeting." When followed by o suru or suru, it becomes a verb.
For Example:
1. あいさつ (を) する aisatsu o suru "to greet" gomi (ごみ or ゴミ) "garbage," "trash" We usually write this word in hiragana or katakana. When you put out the garbage in Japan, you are supposed to sort your garbage into moeru gomi (燃えるごみ), meaning "combustible garbage," or moenai gomi (燃えないごみ), meaning "noncombustible garbage." What is considered combustible and noncombustible varies depending on the area.
Waruin desu kedo... (悪いんですけど) "I'm sorry but..." Warui is an i adjective meaning "bad." In informal conversation, you can lightly apologize by saying warui. This usage sounds rather masculine. However, both genders use the phrase waruin desu kedo as a prelude. Please check out these other variations:
For Example:
1. 悪いんだけど... Waruinda kedo... "Sorry but..." (informal)
2. 悪いんですが... Waruindesu ga... "I'm sorry, but..." (formal) made ni (までに) "by" Made, meaning "to" or "until," and made ni, meaning "by," are easily confused, so please be careful.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #17 - IT HAS COME TO BE THAT I AM ADDICTED TO JAPANESE FOOD! 6 For Example:
1. 私は８時ま で電話をしました。 "I talked on the phone until eight." ８時までに電 話をしてください。 "Please call me by eight."
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is More Ways t o Use Suru and Naru. ごみは、夜 出さないようにしてください。 "Gomi wa, yoru dasanai yōni shit e kudasai." "Please don't put t he garbage out at night ."
In this lesson, you'll learn the usage of suru and naru preceded by a verb. You'll also learn how to make a request using -yōni shite kudasai.
Using Suru and Naru af t er [verb + yōni]
Both suru, meaning "to make" or "to do," and naru, meaning "to become," follow the dictionary form or informal negative (nai form) of a verb plus yōni.
Yōni suru implies that the change being made is intentional and that the speaker is aware of it. It corresponds to "to make an effort to..." or "to make sure that..." in English. Using yōni naru, on the other hand, implies that the change occurs naturally without effort. It corresponds to "to have finally become" or "to reach the point where...."
Format ion
• [Verb; dictionary form]＋yōni ＋ suru • [Verb; dictionary form]＋yōni ＋ naru • [Verb; nai form]＋yōni ＋ suru • [Verb; nai form]＋yōni ＋ naru
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #17 - IT HAS COME TO BE THAT I AM ADDICTED TO JAPANESE FOOD! 7 Yōni ＋ suru ("t o make an ef f ort to," "t o make sure t hat ...")
For Example:
1. 毎日、新聞を読むようにしている。 Mainichi, shinbun o yomu yōni shiteiru. "I'm making an effort to read the newspaper every day."
2. 甘いものを食べないようにしている。 Amaimono o tabenai yōni shiteiru." "I'm trying not to eat sweets."/"I'm making sure that I don't eat sweets."
Yōni ＋ naru ("It has come t o be t hat ...")
For Example:
1. 毎日、新聞を読むようになる。 Mainichi, shinbun o yomu yōni naru. Literally, "I've reached the point where I read the newspaper every day."
2. ファーストフードを食べないようになる。 Fāsuto fūdo o tabenai yōni naru. Literally, "I've reached the point where I don't eat fast food."
-yōni shit e kudasai ("Please make sure t hat ...")
-yōni shite kudasai is a slightly more polite way to request someone to do something than [te form of a verb/nai form of a verb] plus kudasai.
Format ion
[Verb; dictionary form]＋yōni ＋ shite kudasai [Verb; nai form]＋yōni ＋shite kudasai
Sample Sentences
1. 運動をするようにしてください。 Undō o suru yōni shite kudasai. "Please make sure to exercise."
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #17 - IT HAS COME TO BE THAT I AM ADDICTED TO JAPANESE FOOD! 8 2. 野菜を食べるようにしてください。 Yasai o taberu yōni shite kudasai. "Please make sure to eat some vegetables."
3. 甘いものを食べないようにしてください。 Amaimono o tabenai yōni shite kudasai. "Please try not to eat any sweets."
Ref erence
Please also review the following Grammar Points.
• Potential form of a verb ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 43, 44 • Adverb mō ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 41
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #17 - IT HAS COME TO BE THAT I AM ADDICTED TO JAPANESE FOOD! 9 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #18 Opening New Doors in Japan
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 7 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 18
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. （バス）
2. アナウンス: 次は、101テレビ局前。101テレビ局前。 ドアが あきます。 ドアが 閉まります。
3. （外）
4. 男: あの、すみません。落としましたよ。
5. 遠井 歩: え？
6. 男: かばんから 財布が 落ちましたよ。はい、これ。
7. 遠井 歩: あ、ありがとうございます。え？新？
8. 男: はい？違いますけど。じゃ。
9. 近森 渡: おはよ。歩。歩？あゆむ！
10. 遠井 歩: え？ああ、渡・・・おはよう。
11. 近森 渡: 何しているの。 会議が 始まるよ。急いで。
12. 遠井 歩: あ・・・うん。 （もしかして・・・あの人は 私が この前病院で見た人？）
KANA
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #18 - OPENING NEW DOORS IN JAPAN 2 1. （バス）
2. アナウンス: つぎは、いちまるいちテレビきょくまえ。いちまるいちテレビきょ くまえ。 ドアが あきます。 ドアが しまります。
3. （そと）
4. おとこ: あの、すみません。おとしましたよ。
5. とおい あゆむ: え？
6. おとこ: かばんから さいふが おちましたよ。はい、これ。
7. とおい あゆむ: あ、ありがとうございます。え？しん？
8. おとこ: はい？ちがいますけど。じゃ。
9. ちかもり わたる: おはよ。あゆむ。あゆむ？あゆむ！
10. とおい あゆむ: え？ああ、わたる・・・おはよう。
11. ちかもり わたる: なにしているの。 かいぎが はじまるよ。いそいで。
12. とおい あゆむ: あ・・・うん。 （もしかして・・・あのひとは わたしが このまえびょういんでみた ひと？）
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #18 - OPENING NEW DOORS IN JAPAN 3 1. (Basu)
2. ANAUNSU: Tsugi wa, ichi-maru-ichi terebi-kyoku mae. Ichi-maru-ichi terebi- kyoku mae. Doa ga akimasu. Doa ga shimarimasu.
3. (Soto)
4. OTOKO: Ano, sumimasen. Otoshimashita yo.
5. TŌI AYUMU: E?
6. OTOKO: Kaban kara saifu ga ochimashita yo. Hai, kore.
7. TŌI AYUMU: A, arigatō gozaimasu. E? Shin?
8. OTOKO: Hai? Chigai masu kedo. Ja.
9. CHIKAMORI Ohayō. Ayumu. Ayumu? Ayumu! WATARU:
10. TŌI AYUMU: E? Aa, Wataru... ohayō.
11. CHIKAMORI Nani shiteiru no. WATARU: Kaigi ga hajimaru yo. Isoide.
12. TŌI AYUMU: A... un. ( Moshikashite... Ano hito wa watashi ga kono mae byōin de mita hito?)
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #18 - OPENING NEW DOORS IN JAPAN 4 1. (On the bus)
2. BUS The next stop is 101 TV Station. 101 TV Station. ANNOUNCEMEN The doors will now open. T: The doors will now close.
3. (Outside)
4. MAN: Um, excuse me. You dropped this.
5. AYUMU TOI: Huh?
6. MAN: You dropped this wallet out of your bag. (Lit - Your wallet dropped out of your bag) Here you are.
7. AYUMU TOI: Thank you very much! Huh? Shin??
8. MAN: I'm sorry? I think you're mistaken. If you'll excuse me.
9. WATARU 'Morning, Ayumu. Ayumu? Ayumu! CHIKAMORI:
10. AYUMU TOI: Huh? Ohh, Wataru...good morning.
11. WATARU What are you doing?! CHIKAMORI: The meeting is going to start! Hurry up!
12. AYUMU TOI: Oh...right. (Could it be...that that person is the person I saw at the hospital the other day?)
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #18 - OPENING NEW DOORS IN JAPAN 5 テレビ局 てれびきょく terebi-kyoku T.V. station
もしかして もしかして moshikashite perhaps, possibly
急ぐ いそぐ isogu to hurry, to rush;V1
始まる はじまる hajimaru to begin, to start; V1
財布 さいふ saifu wallet
to differ, to not 違う ちがう chigau match; V1
会議 かいぎ kaigi meeting, conference
かばん かばん kaban bag
落とす おとす otosu to drop;V1
to fall down, to 落ちる おちる ochiru drop;V2
to close, to be shut; 閉まる しまる shimaru V1
開く あく aku to open;V1
the other day, last この前 このまえ kono mae time, recently
SAMPLE SENTENCES
わたしはテレビ局で働いている。 もしかして、トムクルーズさんですか。 Watashi wa terebikyoku de hataraiteiru. Moshikashite Tomu Kurūzu-san desu ka.
I work at a T.V station. Are you Tom Cruise by any chance?
急いでください。 もう、始まりました。 Isoide kudasai. Mō, hajimarimashita.
Please hurry up. It's already started.
新しいお財布を買いました。 それは、違います。 Atarashii o-saifu o kaimashita. Sore wa chigaimasu.
I bought a new wallet. That's not right.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #18 - OPENING NEW DOORS IN JAPAN 6 朝7時から、会議があります。 このかばんは私のです。 Asa 7-ji kara kaigi ga arimasu. Kono kaban wa watashi no desu.
I have a meeting at 7 in the morning. This bag is mine.
落としましたよ。 机から本が落ちた。 Otoshimashita yo. Tsukue kara hon ga ochita.
You dropped something. A book fell off the desk.
ドアが閉まった。 ドアが開きました。 Doa ga shimatta. Doa ga akimashita.
The door closed. The door opened.
この前アメリカに行きました。 Kono mae Amerika ni ikimashita.
I recently went to America.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE kaban (かばん) "bag" baggu (バッグ) is another word we commonly use for "bag." kaigi (会議) "meeting," "conference" We also use the katakana word mītingu (ミーティング) to mean "meeting." Generally speaking, the word kaigi refers to a relatively big meeting where people have a discussion to decide something, whereas the word mītingu refers to a relatively small meeting with the aim of sharing information among workers. moshikashite (もしかして) "perhaps," "could it be...,""by any chance," "maybe" We often use this as a prelude before presenting a guess.
For Example:
1. もしかして、あなたはすずきさんですか。 Moshikashite, anata wa Suzuki-san desu ka. "I may be wrong but, are you Ms. Suzuki?"
GRAMMAR
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #18 - OPENING NEW DOORS IN JAPAN 7 The f ocus of t his lesson is about t ransit ive verb and intransitive verb かばんから 財布が 落ちましたよ。 Kaban kara saif u ga ochimashita yo. "You dropped t his wallet out of your bag."
In this lesson, you'll learn how to use transitive and intransitive verbs.
What are Transit ive Verbs and Intransitive Verbs?
Verbs can be divided into two types, transitive verbs (tadōshi) and intransitive verbs (jidōshi).
A transitive verb must have an object. A transitive verb cannot be completed • without an object. For example, the verb "break" is a transitive verb, because break needs an object: "I broke the window."
An intransitive verb requires no object. For example, the verb "arrive" is an • intransitive verb, because arrive doesn't need an object: "We arrived."
Generally speaking, transitive verbs are used to describe intentional actions and focus on "activities", whereas intransitive verbs are used to describe natural occurrences and focus on results and changes.
1. わたしは ドアを あける。 [ Watashi wa doa o akeru. ] I open the door.
2. ドアが あく。 [ Doa ga aku. ] The door opens.
The verb in sentence 1, akeru ("to open"), is a transitive verb. The subject, in this case, "I", intentionally opens the door. Please notice that the object, the door, is marked by the particle o. The verb in sentence 2, aku ("to open"), is an intransitive verb. In this sentence, the one who opens the door is not mentioned and sounds like it happened naturally and was beyond one's control. Please notice that the subject was marked by particle ga.
Vocabulary List
In this lesson, we're going to introduce five pairs of corresponding transitive verb and intransitive verbs. Please memorize them with sample sentences.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #18 - OPENING NEW DOORS IN JAPAN 8 Transitive verbs (を + verb) Intransitive verbs (が + verb)
あける あく akeru to open something aku something opens
しめる しまる shimaru shimeru to close something something closes
おとす おちる otosu to drop something ochiru something falls
はじめる はじまる hajimeru to start something hajimaru something starts
こわす こわれる kowasu to break something kowareru something breaks
Format ion
• [Subject]＋wa/ga＋ object ＋ o ＋ [ Transitive Verb ] • [Subject]＋ga ＋[ Intransitive Verb ]
Sample sent ences
Close
わたしは ドアを しめた。 • [ Watashi wa doa o shimeta. ] I closed the door.
ドアが しまった。 • [ Doa ga shimatta. ] The door closed.
Drop
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #18 - OPENING NEW DOORS IN JAPAN 9 あゆむは さいふを 落とした。 • [ Ayumu wa saifu o otoshita. ] Ayumu dropped her wallet.
さいふが 落ちた。 • [ Saifu ga ochita. ] The wallet dropped.
Pract ice
Choose t he appropriat e answer. Start
先生は レッスンを （ はじめる・はじまる ）。 [ Sensei wa ressun o （ hajimeru ・ hajimaru ）. ] The teacher starts the lesson.
レッスンが （ はじめる・はじまる ）。 [ Ressun ga （ hajimeru ・ hajimaru ）. ] The lesson starts.
Break
わたしは コンピュータを （ こわした・こわれた ）。 [ Watashi wa konpyūtā o （ kowashita ・ kowareta ）. ] I broke the computer.
コンピューターが （ こわした・こわれた ）。 [ Konpyūtā ga （ kowashita ・ kowareta ）. ] The computer broke.
☆ Answers: hajimeru, hajimaru, kowashita, kowareta
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
Modifying clauses ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 49, Beginner Series • Season 5 Lesson 4
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #18 - OPENING NEW DOORS IN JAPAN 10 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #19 Is Giving Gifts Better than Receiving Them in Japan?
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 4 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 6 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 19
COPYRIGHT © 2015 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 近森 渡: 歩、そのかばん、新しい？
2. 遠井 歩: これ？うん。去年の クリスマスに 彼に もらった。
3. 近森 渡: へー。彼氏に もらったんだー。趣味が 良いねー。 で、歩は、彼氏に 何あげたの？
4. 遠井 歩: な・い・しょ。
5. 近森 渡: いいじゃん。教えてよ。 あ・・・ところで、彼氏と 会って 話した？
6. 遠井 歩: うん。実は、誤解だったの。 私たちが 見た人 は 新じゃなかった のよ。 ま、長い話なんだけど。
7. 近森 渡: そう。よかったねー。
8. 遠井 歩: うん。来週、彼の 誕生日なの。 何を あげよう…。
KANA
1. ちかもりわたる: あゆむ、そのかばん、あたらしい？
2. とおいあゆむ: これ？うん。きょねんの クリスマスに かれに もらった。
3. ちかもりわたる: へー。かれしに もらったんだー。しゅみが いいねー。 で、あゆむは、かれしに なにあげたの？
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #19 - IS GIVING GIFTS BETTER THAN RECEIVING THEM IN JAPAN? 2 4. とおいあゆむ: な・い・しょ。
5. ちかもりわたる: いいじゃん。おしえてよ。 あ・・・ところで、かれしと あって はなした？
6. とおいあゆむ: うん。じつは、ごかいだったの。 わたしたちが みたひと は しんじゃなかった のよ。 ま、ながいはなしなんだけど。
7. ちかもりわたる: そう。よかったねー。
8. とおいあゆむ: うん。らいしゅう、かれの たんじょうびなの。 なにを あげよう…。
ROMANIZATION
1. CHIKAMORI Ayumu, sono kaban, atarashii? WATARU:
2. TŌI AYUMU: Kore? Un. Kyonen no kurisumasu ni kare ni moratta.
3. CHIKAMORI Hē. kareshi ni morattan dā. Shumi ga ii nē. WATARU: De, Ayumu wa, kareshi ni nani ageta no?
4. TŌI AYUMU: Na. i. sho.
5. CHIKAMORI Iijan. Oshiete yo. WATARU: A... Tokorode, kareshi to atte hanashita?
6. TŌI AYUMU: Un. Jitsu wa, gokai datta no. Watashitachi ga mita hito wa Shin ja nakatta no yo. Ma, nagai hanashi nanda kedo.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #19 - IS GIVING GIFTS BETTER THAN RECEIVING THEM IN JAPAN? 3 7. CHIKAMORI Sō. Yokatta nē. WATARU:
8. TŌI AYUMU: Un. Raishū, kare no tanjōbi nano. Nani o ageyō...
ENGLISH
1. WATARU Ayumu, is that bag new? CHIKAMORI:
2. AYUMU TŌI: This? Yeah. I got it from my boyfriend for Christmas last year.
3. WATARU Hmm, so you got it from your boyfriend. He has good taste! CHIKAMORI: So, what'd you get for him?
4. AYUMU TŌI: It's a secret!
5. WATARU C'mon! Tell me! CHIKAMORI: Oh...by the way, did you meet up and talk with him?
6. AYUMU TŌI: Yeah. It was actually all a misunderstanding. The person we saw wasn't Shin! Well, it's a long story...
7. WATARU Oh yeah? Well that's good! CHIKAMORI:
8. AYUMU TŌI: Yeah. Next week is his birthday. What should I get him...?
VOCABULARY
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #19 - IS GIVING GIFTS BETTER THAN RECEIVING THEM IN JAPAN? 4 Kanji Kana Romaji English Class
去年 きょねん kyonen last year
私達 わたしたち watashitachi we, us
misunderstand, 誤解 ごかい gokai misinterpret
the truth is, 実は じつは jitsu wa actually adverb
to teach, to tell; 教える おしえる oshieru V2
ところで ところで tokoro de by the way
内緒 ないしょ naisho secret
あげる あげる ageru to give ;V2 verb
hobby, 趣味 しゅみ shumi preference, taste
to give, to let someone くれる くれる kureru have;V2
to receive, to もらう もらう morau get; V1 verb
he, him, 彼 かれ kare boyfriend
クリスマス クリスマス kurisumasu Christmas noun
話 はなし hanashi story
SAMPLE SENTENCES
去年、郊外に移った。 この事件は、私たちが独自に調査します。 Kyonen kōgai ni utsutta. Kono jiken wa watshi-tachi ga dokuji ni chōsa shimasu. I moved to the suburbs last year. We will investigate this case on our own.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #19 - IS GIVING GIFTS BETTER THAN RECEIVING THEM IN JAPAN? 5 誤解しないでください。 実は、もう昨日終わらせたんです。 Gokai shinaide kudasai. Jitsu wa, mō kinō owaraseta n desu.
Don't misunderstand me. Actually, I already finished it yesterday.
実は、彼氏がいます。 田中先生は教えるのが上手です。 Jitsu wa, kareshi ga imasu. Tanaka-sensei wa oshieru no ga jōzu desu.
Actually, I have a boyfriend. Mr. Tanaka is good at teaching.
ところで、お母様はお元気ですか？ この話は、内緒ですよ。 Tokorode, o-kā-sama wa o-genki desu ka? Kono hanashi wa naisho desu yo.
By the way, how is your mother? This story is a secret.
彼女に時計をあげた。 キムさんは趣味がいい。 Kanojo ni tokei o ageta. Kimu-san wa shumi ga ii.
I gave my girlfriend a watch. Kim has good taste.
母は私にネックレスをくれた。 妻からPSPをもらいました。 Haha wa watashi ni nekkuresu o kureta. Tsuma kara PSP o moraimashita.
My mother gave me a necklace. I got a PSP (Playstation Portable)from my wife.
彼と映画に行きました。 メリークリスマス！ Kare to eiga ni ikimashita. Merī Kurisumasu!
I went to the movies with my boyfriend. Merry Christmas!
私の話を聞いてください。 Watashi no hanashi o kiite kudasai.
Please listen to me.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE shumi (趣味) "hobby," "taste" Shumi means "one's taste" as well as "hobby." The phrase shumi ga ii means that someone "has good taste," and shumi ga warui means that someone "has bad taste." kare (彼) "he" or "boyfriend" Although kareshi usually refers to "boyfriend," kare could mean either "he" or "boyfriend"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #19 - IS GIVING GIFTS BETTER THAN RECEIVING THEM IN JAPAN? 6 depending on the context. naisho (内緒) "secret" himitsu (秘密) also means "secret." We pretty much use naisho and himitsu interchangeably. tokorode (ところで ) "by the way" The speaker uses this conjunction when he or she wants to change the topic of the conversation. Here are some useful expressions for changing the topic:
For Example:
1. sō ieba (そういえば) "speaking of which"
2. jitsu wa (実は) "actually"
3. de wa (では), ja (じゃ) "well," "then"
4. sore de (それで), de (で) "and then," "so"
GRAMMAR
The f ocus of t his lesson is how t o say "t o give" and "t o receive" in Japanese 歩は、彼氏に何（を）あげたの。 Ayumu wa, kareshi ni nani o aget a no? "So, what 'd you get him?"
In this lesson, you'll learn how to use the three verbs ageru, kureru, and morau meaning "to give," "to give to me" and "to receive", respectively．You'll also learn how to use the sentence ending particle jan.
How t o say "t o give" and "t o receive" in Japanese
There are two verbs that mean "to give"- ageru and kureru.
• ageru ＝ "to give something"; class 2 verb
kureru ＝ "to give me something" "to give something to someone in my in- • group"; class 2 verb • morau ＝ "to receive"; class 1 verb
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #19 - IS GIVING GIFTS BETTER THAN RECEIVING THEM IN JAPAN? 7 The usage of t he verb ageru
The verb ageru means "to give" and is a class 2 verb. The basic meaning of this verb is "to raise." Since people raise their hands upwards when giving something to someone, this verb also means "to give." Remember that the subject of the sentence has to be the person who gives the item and is marked by either particle wa or ga.
Format ion
• [ Giver ] ＋ wa/ga ＋ [Recipient] ＋ ni ＋ [Object] ＋ o ＋ ageru
* Notice that the item given is marked by the particle o and the person who receives the item is marked by the particle ni.
Sample sent ences
わたしは 母に 花を あげる。 • [ Watashi wa haha ni hana o ageru. ] I'm going to give my mother flowers.
トムさんは 彼女に 指輪を あげました。 • [ Tomu-san wa kanojo ni yubiwa o agemashita. ] Tom gave his girlfriend a ring.
The usage of t he verb kureru
The verb kureru also means "to give" and the sentence structure is same as a verb ageru. However kureru is used when the transaction comes toward you or someone in your in- group.
Format ion
• [Giver]＋wa/ga＋[Recipient]＋ni＋[Object]＋o＋kureru.
Sample sent ences
母は 私に お金を くれる。 • [ Haha wa watashi ni o-kane o kureru. ] My mother gives me money.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #19 - IS GIVING GIFTS BETTER THAN RECEIVING THEM IN JAPAN? 8 トムさんは 私の妹に 指輪を くれました。 • [ Tomu-san wa watashi no imōto ni yubiwa o kuremashita. ] Tom gave my sister a ring.
The usage of t he verb morau
As you learned in Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 4, morau means "to receive" and the giver can be marked by either ni or kara. Please also remember that the subject has to be the receiver of the item and can be marked by either wa or ga.
Format ion
• [ Recipient ] ＋ wa/ga ＋ [ Giver ] ＋ ni/kara ＋ [Object] ＋ o ＋ morau
Sample sent ences
私は 母に お金を もらう。 • [ Watashi wa haha ni o-kane o morau. ] I receive money from my mother.
妹は トムさんから 指輪を もらいました。 • [ Imōto wa Tomu-san kara yubiwa o moraimashita. ] My sister got a ring from Tom.
Summary and pract ice
Subject wa Person ni Object O Verb
Ken あげ gives ケン は アナ に 花 を Anna る。 Ken wa Ana ni hana o f lower ageru . s.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #19 - IS GIVING GIFTS BETTER THAN RECEIVING THEM IN JAPAN? 9 Ken gives ケン 私 くれ は に 花 を me Ken る。 wa ni hana o f lower wat ashi kureru. s.
Ken receive もら s ケン は トム に 花 を う。 f lowers Ken wa Tomu ni hana o morau. f rom Tom.
● Choose t he appropriat e verb t o match t he English translation.
1. I'm going to give my boyfriend a watch. 私は 彼氏に 時計を （ あげる・くれる・もらう ）。 [ Watshi wa kareshi ni tokē o （ ageru・kureru・morau ）. ]
2. I received a ring from my boyfriend. 私は 彼氏に 指輪を （ あげた・くれた・もらった ）。 [ Watashi wa kareshi ni yubiwa o （ ageta・kureta・moratta ）. ]
3. My boyfriend gave me a ring. 彼氏は 私に 指輪を （ あげた・くれた・もらった ）。 [ Kareshi wa watashi ni yubiwa o （ ageta・kureta・moratta ）. ]
Sent ence Ending Part icle jan
Jan is the contracted form of janai, which means "isn't it." People in a comparatively young generation use this particle to confirm or to criticize something in an informal way.
いいじゃん。[ Ii jan.] • "It's good, isn't it."
昨日、言ったじゃん。[ Kinō itta jan.] • "I told you yesterday! (Didn't I?!)"
Ref erence
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #19 - IS GIVING GIFTS BETTER THAN RECEIVING THEM IN JAPAN? 10 Please also review the following grammar points.
• Modifying clause ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 49 • Sentence ending particle no ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 11 • -yō/-ō ;Informal volitional form of a verb ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 33 • Usage of -nda ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 3,4
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #19 - IS GIVING GIFTS BETTER THAN RECEIVING THEM IN JAPAN? 11 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #20 If You Wouldn't Mind, Would You Help Me with This Japanese Problem?
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 7 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 8 Grammar # 20
COPYRIGHT © 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 左 絵理花: すみません。先輩、ちょっと 助けて くれますか。
2. 下山 新: いいよ。何？
3. 左 絵理花: このファイルが、あかないんです。
4. 下山 新: これ？ちょっと 待ってくれる。 ...はい。あいた。
5. 左 絵理花: さすが！
6. 下山 新: 何？この画像？ゴンロク？レストラン？
7. 左 絵理花: 今、大人気の すし屋です。リサーチしなくちゃ いけないんですよ。 あ、先輩、よかったら、一緒に 行って くれませんか。
8. 上司: おーい、下山 ちょっと、手伝って くれ。
9. 下山 新: はい。
10. 上司: 悪いけど、このいすを 会議室に 運んでくれ。 急いで くれよ。
11. 下山 新: わかりました。
KANA
1. ひだりえりか: すみません。せんぱい、ちょっと たすけて くれますか。
2. しもやましん: いいよ。なに？
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #20 - IF YOU WOULDN'T MIND, WOULD YOU HELP ME WITH THIS JAPANESE PROBLEM? 2 3. ひだりえりか: このファイルが、あかないんです。
4. しもやましん: これ？ちょっと まってくれる。 ...はい。あいた。
5. ひだりえりか: さすが！
6. しもやましん: なに？このがぞう？ゴンロク？レストラン？
7. ひだりえりか: いま、だいにんきの すしやです。リサーチしなくちゃ いけないんで すよ。 あ、せんぱい、よかったら、いっしょに いって くれませんか。
8. じょうし: おーい、しもやま ちょっと、てつだって くれ。
9. しもやましん: はい。
10. じょうし: わるいけど、このいすを かいぎしつに はこんでくれ。 いそいで くれよ。
11. しもやましん: わかりました。
ROMANIZATION
1. HIDARI ERIKA: Sumimasen. Senpai, chotto tasukete kuremasu ka.
2. SHIMOYAMA Iiyo. nani? SHIN:
3. HIDARI ERIKA: Kono fairu ga, akanain desu.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #20 - IF YOU WOULDN'T MIND, WOULD YOU HELP ME WITH THIS JAPANESE PROBLEM? 3 4. SHIMOYAMA Kore? Chotto matte kureru. SHIN: ... Hai. Aita.
5. HIDARI ERIKA: Sasuga!
6. SHIMOYAMA Nani? Kono gazō? Gonroku? resutoran? SHIN:
7. HIDARI ERIKA: Ima, dai-ninki no sushi-ya desu. Risāchi shinakucha ikenain desu yo. A, senpai, yokattara, isshoni itte kuremasen ka.
8. JŌSHI: Ōi, Shimoyama chotto, tetsudatte kure.
9. SHIMOYAMA Hai. SHIN:
10. JŌSHI: Warui kedo, kono isu o kaigi-shitsu ni hakonde kure. Isoide kure yo.
11. SHIMOYAMA Wakarimashita. SHIN:
ENGLISH
1. ERIKA HIDARI: Excuse me, sempai, could you help me, please?
2. SHIN Sure. What is it? SHIMOYAMA:
3. ERIKA HIDARI: This file won't open.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #20 - IF YOU WOULDN'T MIND, WOULD YOU HELP ME WITH THIS JAPANESE PROBLEM? 4 4. SHIN This one? Could you wait a sec... SHIMOYAMA: ...okay. It opened!
5. ERIKA HIDARI: I knew you could do it!
6. SHIN Hm? What's this picture? Gonroku? A restaurant? SHIMOYAMA:
7. ERIKA HIDARI: It's a sushi restaurant that's hugely popular now. I have to do some research on it. Oh, if you like, would you come together with me?
8. BOSS: Hey, Shimoyama! Come help me a bit.
9. SHIN Okay. SHIMOYAMA:
10. BOSS: Sorry, but could you take this chair to the meeting room? Make it quick.
11. SHIN All right. SHIMOYAMA:
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English
助ける たすける tasukeru to help, to rescue;V2
to carry, to move, to 運ぶ はこぶ hakobu transport;V1
meeting room, conference room, 会議室 かいぎしつ kaigi-shitsu council room
いす いす isu chair
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #20 - IF YOU WOULDN'T MIND, WOULD YOU HELP ME WITH THIS JAPANESE PROBLEM? 5 手伝う てつだう tetsudau to help, to assist; V1
if you like, if you よかったら よかったら yokattara don't mind
リサーチ リサーチ risāchi research
寿司屋 すしや sushi-ya sushi restaurant
画像 がぞう gazō image, picture
as is to be expected, true to one's さすが さすが sasuga reputation, clever
開く あく aku to open;V1
待つ まつ matsu to wait; V1
ファイル ファイル fairu file
急ぐ いそぐ isogu to hurry, to rush;V1
SAMPLE SENTENCES
誰か、助けて！ そのバスは５０人運ぶことができる。 Dare ka, tasukete! Sono basu wa gojū-nin hakobu koto ga dekiru.
Somebody help! That bus is able to carry 50 people.
会議室を使ってもいいですか。 新しい いすと つくえを 買いました。 Kaigi-shitsu o tsukatte mo ii desu ka. Atarashii isu to tsukue o kaimashita.
May I use the meeting room? I bought a new chair and desk.
手伝いますよ！ よかったら、映画に行きませんか。 Tetsudai masu yo. Yokattara, eiga ni ikimasen ka.
I'll help you. If you don't mind, would you like to go and watch a movie?
マーケットリサーチ会社に勤めています。 寿司屋でランチを食べました。 Māketto risāchi gaisha ni tsutomete imasu. Sushi-ya de ranchi o tabemashita.
I work for a market research company. I had lunch at a sushi restaurant.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #20 - IF YOU WOULDN'T MIND, WOULD YOU HELP ME WITH THIS JAPANESE PROBLEM? 6 画像をファイルにセーブした。 さすが、プロ！ Gazō o fairu ni sēbu shita. Sasuga, puro!
I saved the image in a file. Only a pro could do that!
ドアが開きました。 ちょっと待ってください。 Doa ga akimashita. Chotto matte kudasai.
The door opened. Please wait a minute.
ファイルを開くことができません。 急いでください。 Fairu o hirakukoto ga dekimasen. Isoide kudasai.
I can't open this file. Please hurry up.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE tasukeru (助ける) "to help" Tetsudau also means "to help." Here's the difference between tasukeru and tetsudau:
• tasukeru ("to help someone who's in trouble") • tetsudau ("to give someone a hand to lighten the burden") sasuga (さすが) "as is to be expected," "true to one's reputation" This has a good connotation and we usually use it as a compliment. daininki (大人気) "great popularity" Ninki means "popular." When preceded by dai, which means "huge," it means "very popular." yokattara (よかったら) "if you don't mind" Yokatta means "was good" and tara here means "if," so yokattara literally means "if it was good." We often use this before making a request, offering something, or inviting someone to do something.
For Example:
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #20 - IF YOU WOULDN'T MIND, WOULD YOU HELP ME WITH THIS JAPANESE PROBLEM? 7 1. よかったら、これ 食べてください。 Yokattara, kore tabete kudasai. "Please have some if you want."
GRAMMAR
The f ocus of t his lesson is about t he usage of t e f orm of a verb plus kureru. 一緒に 行って くれませんか。 Isshoni it t e kuremasen ka. "Would you come t oget her wit h me?"
In this lesson, you'll learn how to use the helping verb "kureru"．You'll also learn new ways to make a request.
[Te f orm of a verb] ＋ kureru
In lesson 19, you learned how to use the verb kureru meaning "to give me something". When kureru is used as a helping verb and is attached to the te-form of a verb, it means the action is done for you or someone in your in-group.
Format ion
[Performer] ＋wa/ga ＋[ Verb; te form ]＋kureru • "Someone does something for me"
When kureru is used, it's quite obvious that the person who received benefit from the action is you (or someone in your in-group), so the person who received the benefit is usually omitted from the sentence.
Please also note that the helping verb kureru doesn't change the basic meaning of the sentence - it just puts emphasis on the fact that the action benefits you (or someone in your in-group). Please compare the following two sentences.
1. 友だちは 私に 日本語を 教える。 [ Tomodachi wa watashi ni Nihongo o oshieru. ] My friend teaches me Japanese.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #20 - IF YOU WOULDN'T MIND, WOULD YOU HELP ME WITH THIS JAPANESE PROBLEM? 8 2. 友だちは （私に） 日本語を 教えてくれる。 [ Tomodachi wa watashi ni Nihongo o oshiete kureru. ] My friend teaches me Japanese (and I'm grateful.)
Sentence 1 is a general statement about the speaker's friend teaching the speaker Japanese. Sentence 2, on the other hand, shows the feelings of appreciation on behalf of the speaker.
Sample sent ences
子供のとき 母は 本を 読んでくれた。 • [ Kodomo no toki haha wa hon o yonde kureta. ] When I was a kid, my mother read books to me.
先生はゆっくり話してくれた。 • [ Sensei wa yukkuri hanashite kureta. ] The teacher spoke slowly for us.
How t o make a request using "-kureru"
The helping verb kureru often is used to make a request both in informal and formal situations.
Format ion
• Very informal: [ Verb in te-form ]＋kure • Informal: [ Verb in te-form ]＋kureru? / kurenai? • Formal: [ Verb in te-form ]＋kuremasu ka? / kuremasen ka?
*As for the politeness level, when the negative is used, it has a more polite connotation. For example, "kurenai" is considered more polite than "kureru", and "kuremasen ka" is considered more polite than "kuremasu ka."
Sample sent ences
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #20 - IF YOU WOULDN'T MIND, WOULD YOU HELP ME WITH THIS JAPANESE PROBLEM? 9 ちょっと待ってくれ。 • [ Chotto matte kure.] Wait a second (for me)
手伝ってくれない？ • [ Tetsudatte kurenai? ] Will you give me a hand? • 写真をとってくれませんか。
[ Shashin o totte kuremasen ka?] • Would you take a picture for us?
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• -nakucha ikenai ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 5 • warui kedo ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 7 • aku (intransitive verb) ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 18
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #20 - IF YOU WOULDN'T MIND, WOULD YOU HELP ME WITH THIS JAPANESE PROBLEM? 10 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #21 Taking Baby Steps in a Japanese Kitchen
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 2 Romanization 3 English 3 Vocabulary 4 Sample Sentences 6 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 6 Grammar
# 21
COPYRIGHT © 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. (Cooking show)
2. 近森 渡: 皆さん、ワタルのワクワククッキングの時間です。 今日は、豆腐料理を紹介します。一分以内で作れますよ。 材料は三つだけ。豆腐、塩、オリーブオイルしか使いません。 作り方はとても簡単です。 まず、豆腐をパックから出します。 次に、塩をかけます。 最後に、オリーブオイルをかけます。 これだけです。材料費は百円以内。 あ、わさびを豆腐の上にのせてもいいですよ。 今夜、是非作ってください。
KANA
1. （Cooking show)
2. ちかもりわたる: みなさん、ワタルのワクワククッキングの じかんです。 きょうは、とうふりょうりを しょうかいします。いっぷんいないで つくれますよ。 ざいりょうは みっつだけ。とうふ、しお、オリーブオイルしかつか いません。 つくりかたは とても かんたんです。 まず、とうふを パックから だします。 つぎに、しおを かけます。 さいごに、オリーブオイルを かけます。 これだけです。ざいりょうひは ひゃくえんいない！ あ、わさびを とうふの うえに のせてもいいですよ。 こんや、ぜひ つくってください。
ROMANIZATION CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #21 - TAKING BABY STEPS IN A JAPANESE KITCHEN 2 1. ( Cooking show)
2. CHIKAMORI Mina-san, Wataru no wakuwaku-kukkingu no jikan desu. WATARU: Kyō wa, tōfu ryōri o shōkai shimasu. Ippun-inai de tsukure masu yo. Zairyō wa mittsu dake. Tōfu, shio, orību-oiru shika tsukaimasen. Tsukurikata wa totemo kantan desu. Mazu, tōfu o pakku kara dashimasu. Tsugi ni, shio o kakemasu. Saigo ni, orību-oiru o kakemasu. Kore dake desu. Zairyōhi wa hyaku-en iknai! A, wasabi o tōfu no ue ni nosete mo ii desu yo. Konya, zehi tsukutte kudasai.
ENGLISH
1. (Cooking show)
2. WATARU Everyone! It's time for Wataru's Fun Exciting Cooking Show! CHIKAMORI: Today, I'm going to present a tofu dish. You can make it in under a minute! There are only three ingredients. We're only going to use tofu, salt, and olive oil. It's very easy to make. First, take the tofu out of the package. Next, sprinkle some salt on it. And lastly, pour some olive oil on it. That's it! The cost of the ingredients is one hundred yen or less! You can also add some wasabi on the top. Please try making it tonight!
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English Class
以内 いない inai within, less than
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #21 - TAKING BABY STEPS IN A JAPANESE KITCHEN 3 cost of materials, cost 材料費 ざいりょうひ zairyōhi of ingredients
certainly, by all 是非 ぜひ zehi means, please
最後 さいご saigo last, end
のせる のせる noseru to place on; V2
to pour, to sprinkle, to かける かける kakeru dust;V2
出す だす dasu to take out;V1
パック パック pakku pack
easy, simple; 簡単 かんたん kantan Adj(na)
オリーブオイル オリーブオイル orību oiru olive oil noun
塩 しお shio salt noun
ingredients, 材料 ざいりょう zairyō material
使う つかう tsukau to use; V1
作る つくる tsukuru to make ;V1
紹介 しょうかい shōkai introduction
cooking, cuisine, dish, 料理 りょうり ryōri food
tōfu, soybean 豆腐 とうふ tōfu curd noun
wasabi (Japanese わさび わさび wasabi horseradish)
SAMPLE SENTENCES
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #21 - TAKING BABY STEPS IN A JAPANESE KITCHEN 4 三日以内に電話をください。 材料費はいくらかかりましたか。 Mikka-inai ni denwa o kudasai. Zairyōhi wa ikura kakarimashita ka.
Please call us within three days. How much did it cost for the ingredients?
是非、また会いましょう。 あの映画の最後がよくわからない。 Zehi mata aimashō. Ano eiga no saigo ga yoku wakaranai.
Let's meet again! I don't quite understand the ending of the movie.
さしみに わさびを のせて、たべる。 お好み焼きにソースをかける。 Sashimi ni wasabi o nosete taberu. Okonomiyaki ni sōsu wo kakeru.
I put wasabi on sashimi and then eat it. I pour sauce on top of the okonomiyaki.
財布から、お金を出した。 豆腐を一パック買いました。 Saifu kara o-kane o dashita. Tōfu o hitopakku kaimashita.
I took out money from my wallet. I bought a pack of tofu.
日本語は簡単ですか。 オリーブオイルを買ってきて。 Nihongo wa kantan desu ka. Orību oiru o katte kite.
Is Japanese easy? Go and buy some olive oil.
これは、砂糖ですか。塩ですか。 スーパーでカレーの材料を買った。 Kore wa satō desu ka. Shio desu ka. Sūpā de karē no zairyō o katta.
"Is this sugar or salt?" I bought ingredients for curry at the supermarket.
フラッシュを使わないでください。 何を作っていますか。 Furasshu o tsukawanaide kudasai. Nani o tsukutte imasu ka?
Do not use flash please. What are you making?
新しいアシスタントを紹介します。 料理しますか。 Atarashii ashisutanto o shōkai shimasu. Ryōri shimasu ka.
I'm going to introduce you to the new assistant. Do you cook?
豆腐は、健康的な食べ物として世界でも有 豆腐は安くて健康的です。 Tōfu wa yasukute kenkōteki desu. 名です。 Tōfu wa, kenkōteki na tabemono to shite sekai de Tofu is cheap and healthy. mo yūmei desu.
Tofu is famous all over the world as a healthy food.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #21 - TAKING BABY STEPS IN A JAPANESE KITCHEN 5 わさびが嫌いです。 Wasabi ga kirai desu.
I don't like wasabi.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE wakuwaku (わくわく) "exciting" Wakuwaku is an onomatopoeia and it refers to the excitement usually associated with a joy or an expectation that something good is going to happen. For more information about onomatopoeia, check out our onomatopoeia series! inai (以内) "within" The first kanji indicates the baseline, so inai means "inside the baseline" or "within something." Please take a look at the following words that contain the kanji 以.
For Example:
1. igai (以外) "except"
2. ijō (以上) "more than"
3. ika (以下) "less than" zairyō-hi (材料費) "cost of ingredients" Zairyō means "ingredients" or "materials," and the third kanji (費) means "cost" or "expense." zehi (是非) "by all means" Zehi expresses the speaker's strong desire, so we often use it when making an invitation or request.
For Example:
1. 是非 家に来てください。 Zehi uchi ni kite kudasai. "Please visit our place by all means."
GRAMMAR
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #21 - TAKING BABY STEPS IN A JAPANESE KITCHEN 6 The f ocus of t his lesson is how t o say "only" in Japanese 材料は三つだけ。 Zairyō wa mit t su dake. "There are only t hree ingredients."
In this lesson, you'll learn how to use "dake" and "shika", meaning "only." You'll also learn some useful expressions talking about the steps of doing something.
How t o say "only" in Japanese
Let's look at two expressions meaning "only" in Japanese.
Dake "just..." "only..." • *Used in both affirmative and negative sentences
Shika "only..." "nothing but..." • *Used only in negative sentences
Let's take a look at how they are used in some sample sentences.
I eat breakfast. (original sentence)
→ 私は 朝ごはんを 食べる。 • [ Watashi wa asagohan o taberu. ]
I only eat breakfast.
→ 私は 朝ごはんだけ(を) 食べる。 • [ Watashi wa asagohan dake (o) taberu. ]
→私は 朝ごはんしか 食べない。 • [ Watashi wa asagohan shika tabenai. ]
There are two customers. (original sentence)
→ お客さんが二人いる。 • [ O-kyaku-san ga futari iru. ]
There are only two customers.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #21 - TAKING BABY STEPS IN A JAPANESE KITCHEN 7 → お客さんが二人だけいる。 • [ O-kyaku-san ga futari dake iru. ]
→ お客さんが二人しかいない。 • [ O-kyaku-san ga futari shika inai. ]
Part icle rules
For dake
The particles "ga" and "o" come after dake, but they can be left out in informal • speech.
Other particles such as "e" "ni" "de" and so on can come either before or after • dake.
ひらがなが 読める。 "I can read Hiragana." [ Hiragana ga yomeru. ] ↓ ↓ ↓ ひらがなだけ が 読める。"I can only read Hiragana." [ Hiragana dake ga yomeru. ]
おきなわに 行った。"I went to Okinawa." [ Okinawa ni itta.] ↓ ↓ ↓ おきなわに だけ 行った。[ Okinawa ni dake itta.] "I only went to Okinawa." おきなわだけ に 行った。[ Okinawa dake ni itta.]
For shika
• The particles "ga" and "o" are replaced with shika. • Other particles such as "e" "ni" "de" and so on come before shika.
ひらがなが読める。"I can read Hiragana." [ Hiragana ga yomeru. ] ↓ ↓ ↓ ひらがなしか読めない。"I can read nothing but Hiragana." [ Hiragana shika yomenai. ]
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #21 - TAKING BABY STEPS IN A JAPANESE KITCHEN 8 おきなわに 行った。 "I went to Okinawa." [ Okinawa ni itta.] ↓ ↓ ↓ おきなわに しか 行かなかった。"I went nowhere but Okinawa." [ Okinawa ni shika ikanakatta.]
Usef ul expressions f or explaining t he st eps of somet hing
The following expressions are frequently used for explaining the steps or procedure of doing something
First, First of all
• まず [ mazu ] • 最初に [ saisho ni ]
Next,
• 次に [ tsugi ni ]
After that
• それから [ sore kara ] • そして [ soshite ]
Lastly, finally
• 最後に [ saigo ni ]
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #21 - TAKING BABY STEPS IN A JAPANESE KITCHEN 9 • Potential form (can/can't) of a verb ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 43 - 45 • [Masu stem]＋kata; how to...⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 28 • -te mo ii ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 15
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #21 - TAKING BABY STEPS IN A JAPANESE KITCHEN 10 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #22 If You Don't Try This Japanese Activity, How Will You Know Whether You Can Do It?
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 5 Sample Sentences 6 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar # 22
COPYRIGHT © 2015 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 下山 新: おいしい！
2. 遠井 歩: 本当？よかった。近森の豆腐のレシピを 作って みたんだ。 わさびも 使ってみて。
3. 下山 新: うん。・・・うん！うまい！
4. 遠井 歩: ・・・そうだ。来週の 金曜日 新の 誕生日でしょう。 よかったら、その日 お寿司屋さんに 行かない？
5. 下山 新: いいね。どこの 寿司屋？
6. 遠井 歩: 青山のゴンロクっていう お寿司屋さん・・・知ってる？
7. 下山 新: ああ、聞いたことある。
8. 遠井 歩: 話題になっているから、行ってみたいんだ。
9. 下山 新: いいね。行こう。
10. 遠井 歩: じゃ、予約するね。
KANA
1. しもやま しん: おいしい！
2. とおい あゆむ: ほんとう？よかった。ちかもりの とうふの レシピを つくって みた んだ。 わさびも つかってみて。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #22 - IF YOU DON'T TRY THIS JAPANESE ACTIVITY, HOW WILL YOU KNOW WHETHER YOU CAN DO IT? 2 3. しもやま しん: うん。・・・うん！うまい！
4. とおい あゆむ: ・・・そうだ。らいしゅうの きんようび しんの たんじょうび でし ょう。 よかったら、そのひ おすしやさんに いかない？
5. しもやま しん: いいね。どこの すしや？
6. とおい あゆむ: あおやまのゴンロクっていう おすしやさん・・・しってる？
7. しもやま しん: ああ、きいたことある。
8. とおい あゆむ: わだいに なっているから、いってみたいんだ。
9. しもやま しん: いいね。いこう。
10. とおい あゆむ: じゃ、よやくするね。
ROMANIZATION
1. SHIMOYAMA Oishii! SHIN:
2. TŌI AYUMU: Hontō? Yokatta. Chikamori no tōfu no reshipi o tsukutte mitanda. Wasabi mo tsukatte mite.
3. SHIMOYAMA Un.... Un! Umai! SHIN:
4. TŌI AYUMU: ...Sōda. Raishū no kinyōbi Shin no tanjōbi deshō. Yokattara, sono hi o-sushi-ya-san ni ikanai?
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #22 - IF YOU DON'T TRY THIS JAPANESE ACTIVITY, HOW WILL YOU KNOW WHETHER YOU CAN DO IT? 3 5. SHIMOYAMA Iine. Doko no sushi-ya? SHIN:
6. TŌI AYUMU: Aoyama no Gonroku tteiu o-sushi-ya-san... Shitteru?
7. SHIMOYAMA Ā, kiita koto aru. SHIN:
8. TŌI AYUMU: Wadai ni natteiru kara, itte mitainda.
9. SHIMOYAMA Iine. ikō. SHIN:
10. TŌI AYUMU: Ja, yoyaku suru ne.
ENGLISH
1. SHIN This tastes great! SHIMOYAMA:
2. AYUMU TOI: Really? Oh good! I tried out one of Chikamori's tofu recipes! Try some wasabi with it too.
3. SHIN Okay. Yeah! It's really good! SHIMOYAMA:
4. AYUMU TOI: ...Oh yeah. Friday of next week is your birthday, right? If you like, why don't we go to a sushi restaurant that day?
5. SHIN Sounds good. Which one? SHIMOYAMA:
6. AYUMU TOI: A sushi restaurant in Aoyama called Gonroku...do you know it?
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #22 - IF YOU DON'T TRY THIS JAPANESE ACTIVITY, HOW WILL YOU KNOW WHETHER YOU CAN DO IT? 4 7. SHIN Ah, I've heard of it. SHIMOYAMA:
8. AYUMU TOI: It's become the talk of the town, so I want to go try it out.
9. SHIN Great! Let's go. SHIMOYAMA:
10. AYUMU TOI: Okay, then I'll make reservations.
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English Class
レシピ レシピ reshipi recipe
話題 わだい wadai topic, subject
to listen, to 聞く きく kiku hear, to ask; V1
to know, to 知る しる shiru understand; V1
Aoyama(name 青山 あおやま Aoyama of a place)
寿司屋 すしや sushi-ya sushi restaurant
if you like, if you よかったら よかったら yokattara don't mind
delicious, tasty; うまい うまい umai Adj(i)
wasabi (Japanese わさび わさび wasabi horseradish)
予約 よやく yoyaku reservation noun
SAMPLE SENTENCES
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #22 - IF YOU DON'T TRY THIS JAPANESE ACTIVITY, HOW WILL YOU KNOW WHETHER YOU CAN DO IT? 5 レシピを教えてください。 よく日本の歌をききますか。 Reshipi o oshiete kudasai. Yoku Nihon no uta o kikimasu ka.
Can I have the recipe? Do you often listen to Japanese songs?
あの人を知っていますか。 友だちは青山に住んでいます。 Ano hito o shitte imasu ka. Tomodachi wa Aoyama ni sundeimasu.
Do you know that person over there? My friend lives in Aoyama.
寿司屋でランチを食べました。 よかったら、映画に行きませんか。 Sushi-ya de ranchi o tabemashita. Yokattara, eiga ni ikimasen ka.
I had lunch at a sushi restaurant. If you don't mind, would you like to go and watch a movie?
このスパゲティはうまい！！ わさびが嫌いです。 Kono supagetti wa umai!! Wasabi ga kirai desu.
This spaghetti is delicious! I don't like wasabi.
予約がないと席が空くまで少なくとも２時 予約のキャンセルをお願いします。 Yoyaku no kyanseru o onegai shimasu. 間は待たなければなりません。 Yoyaku ga nai to seki ga aku made Please cancel my reservation. sukunakutomo ni-jikan matanakereba ikemasen.
If you don't have a reservation, you will have to wait at least 2 hours for a table.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE umai (うまい) "tasty," "skillful" Umai has two meanings. One is "skillful" or "be good at," and the other is "tasty." However, the word umai, meaning "tasty," has a very casual connotation and mainly men use it in informal situations.
For Example:
1. エリックは歌がうまい。 Erikku wa uta ga umai. "Eric is a good singer." ("Eric is good at singing.")
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #22 - IF YOU DON'T TRY THIS JAPANESE ACTIVITY, HOW WILL YOU KNOW WHETHER YOU CAN DO IT? 6 2. このすし、うまい！ Kono sushi umai! "This sushi is so good!" o-sushi-ya-san (お寿司屋さん) "sushi restaurant" -Ya is a suffix meaning "shop" or "store," so sushi-ya means "sushi shop" or "sushi restaurant." Some people add the polite prefix o- in front and the polite suffix -san after it and call sushi restaurants o-sushi-ya-san. This sounds more polite than sushi-ya. wadai ni naru (話題になる) "to be talked about," "to be a hot topic" Wadai means "topic" or "subject," and ni naru means "to become." We use this phrase to talk about something in either a good way or a bad way. A similar expression is uwasa ni naru. Uwasa means "rumor."
GRAMMAR
The f ocus of t his lesson is how t o say "t o t ry" in Japanese. 行ってみたいんだ。 It t e mit ainda. "I want t o go t ry it out ."
In this lesson, you'll learn the usage of a helping verb miru that indicates "to try."
How t o Say "Try t o Do Somet hing" in Japanese
Miru is a class 2 verb and means "to see," "to look," or "to watch." When we attach miru to the te form of a verb, it works as a helping verb and adds the meaning "to do that action and see what will happen or see what it is like."
Format ion
• [Verb; te form] ＋ miru
Comparison
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #22 - IF YOU DON'T TRY THIS JAPANESE ACTIVITY, HOW WILL YOU KNOW WHETHER YOU CAN DO IT? 7 1. これを食べてください。 Kore o tabete kudasai.
2. これを食べてみてください。 Kore o tabete mite kudasai.
The first sentence means "Please eat this." This is a general request. On the other hand, we can translate the second sentence as "please eat this and see what it is like" or "please try this to see whether you like it," so it is likely that the speaker wants to hear the person's opinion of the food.
Sample Sent ences
1. これ、おいしいよ。食べてみる？ Kore oishii yo. Tabete miru? "This is good! Wanna try it?"
2. 新しい言葉を勉強したので、使ってみた。 Atarashii kotoba o benkyō shita node tsukatte mita. "Since I learned a new word, I tried to use it (to see whether people understood me)."
3. このシャツを着てみてもいいですか。 Kono shatsu o kite mite mo ii desu ka. "May I try this shirt on?" (Literally, "Is it okay to wear this shirt and see whether it fits me?")
4. ケニアに行ってみたいです。 Kenia ni itte mitai desu. "I want to go to Kenya." (Literally, "I want to go to Kenya and see what it is like.")
Helping Verbs
Helping verbs or auxiliary verbs are verbs that we use together with another verb to express distinctions of tense, aspect, mood, etc.
In this lesson, you learned miru, meaning "to try." Let's learn one more helping verb.
[Verb; te form] ＋ oku • "to do something in advance for future convenience"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #22 - IF YOU DON'T TRY THIS JAPANESE ACTIVITY, HOW WILL YOU KNOW WHETHER YOU CAN DO IT? 8 Study the difference between following two phrases:
1. 部屋を掃除する heya o sōji suru "to clean a room"
2. 部屋を掃除しておく sōji shite oku "to clean a room in preparation for something/in advance for future convenience"
The first sentence is a general statement saying that you are cleaning a room. The second sentence, on the other hand, implies that you are doing the action in preparation for something in the future.
For Example:
1. Ashita pātī o suru node, kyō heya o sōji shite oku. "Since we're having a party (at my place) tomorrow, I'll clean the room today in preparation."
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• -deshō ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lessons 1, 12 • -te iu ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 11 • -ta koto aru ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 13 • [Noun] ni naru ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 16
-ō; volitional form of a verb ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 33
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #22 - IF YOU DON'T TRY THIS JAPANESE ACTIVITY, HOW WILL YOU KNOW WHETHER YOU CAN DO IT? 9 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #23 Did You Hear That Japanese Rumor?
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 3 Kana 4 Romanization 5 English 6 Vocabulary 7 Sample Sentences 8 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 8 Grammar # 23
COPYRIGHT © 2016 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. (At a hair salon)
2. 大空晴夜: こんな髪形にしてください。
3. 美容師: はい。
4. 毎日寒いですねぇ。
5. 大空晴夜: そうですね。（yawn）
6. 美容師: 予報によると、今夜、雪が降るそうですよ。
7. 大空晴夜: へー。（yawn）
8. 美容師: 眠そうですねー。
9. あ、そういえば、おめでとうございます。お子さんが生まれたそう ですね。
10. 奥さんから聞きました。元気な男の子だそうですね。
11. 大空晴夜: そうなんですよ。だから、夜、眠れなくて・・・。
12. あ、前髪をもう少し短く切ってください。
13. 美容師: このくらいですか？
14. 大空晴夜: はい。
15. 美容師: 分け目はどうしますか。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 2 16. 大空晴夜: おまかせします。
KANA
1. (Hair Salon)
2. おおぞらはるや: こんな かみがたに してください。
3. びようし: はい。
4. まいにち さむいですねぇ。
5. おおぞらはるや: そうですね。（yawn）
6. びようし: よほうに よると、こんや、ゆきが ふるそうですよ。
7. おおぞらはるや: へー。（yawn）
8. びようし: ねむそうですねー。
9. あ、そういえば、おめでとうございます。おこさんが うまれたそう ですね。
10. おくさんから ききました。げんきな おとこのこ だそうですね。
11. おおぞらはるや: そうなんですよ。だから、よる、ねむれなくて・・・。
12. あ、まえがみを もう すこし みじかく きってください。
13. びようし: この くらい ですか？
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 3 14. おおぞらはるや: はい。
15. びようし: わけめは どうしますか。
16. おおぞらはるや: おまかせします。
ROMANIZATION
1. (Hair Salon)
2. ŌZORA HARUYA: Konna kamigata ni shite kudasai.
3. BIYŌSHI: hai.
4. Mainichi samui desu nē.
5. ŌZORA HARUYA: Sō desu ne.(yawn)
6. BIYŌSHI: Yohō ni yoru to, kon'ya, yuki ga furu sō desu yo.
7. ŌZORA HARUYA: Hē.(yawn)
8. BIYŌSHI: Nemusō desu nē.
9. A, sō ieba, omedetō gozaimasu. o-ko-san ga umareta sō desu ne.
10. Oku-san kara kikimashita. Genki na otoko no ko da sō desu ne.
11. ŌZORA HARUYA: Sō nan desu yo. Dakara, yoru, nemurenakute....
12. A, maegami o mō sukoshi mijikaku kitte kudasai.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 4 13. BIYŌSHI: kono kurai desu ka?
14. ŌZORA HARUYA: Hai.
15. BIYŌSHI: Wakeme wa dō shimasu ka.
16. ŌZORA HARUYA: O-makase shimasu.
ENGLISH
1. (At a hair salon)
2. HARUYA OZORA: Please make my hair like this.
3. HAIRDRESSER: Sure.
4. It's been cold every day, hasn't it?
5. HARUYA OZORA: It sure has. (yawn)
6. HAIRDRESSER: According to the weather forecast, it's going to snow tonight.
7. HARUYA OZORA: Oh yeah...? (yawn)
8. HAIRDRESSER: You seem sleepy.
9. Oh, I just remembered, congratulations! I've heard that you've just had a baby.
10. I heard about it from your wife. A healthy baby boy, apparently?
11. HARUYA OZORA: That's right. So, I can't sleep at night...
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 5 12. Oh, please cut my bangs a little shorter.
13. HAIRDRESSER: About this much?
14. HARUYA OZORA: Yes.
15. HAIRDRESSER: What do you want to do about your parting?
16. HARUYA OZORA: I'll leave it up to you.
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English Class
こんな こんな kon'na like this, such
美容師 びようし biyōshi hair stylist
毎日 まいにち mainichi every day noun
予報 よほう yohō forecast
sleepy, 眠い ねむい nemui drowsy ;Adj(i)
which reminds me, on that そういえば そういえば sō ie ba subject
おめでとうござ おめでとうござ omedetō います います gozaimasu Congratulations expression
(someone お子さん おこさん o-ko-san else's)child
wife(honorific), 奥さん おくさん okusan madam
眠る ねむる nemuru to sleep;V1
前髪 まえがみ mae gami bangs noun
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 6 a bit more, a もう少し もうすこし mō sukoshi little more
短い みじかい mijikai short;Adj(i)
to cut, to turn off, 切る きる kiru to hang up; V1
parting (of the hair), dividing 分け目 わけめ wakeme line
to leave to, to まかせる まかせる makaseru entrust;V2
SAMPLE SENTENCES
こんな靴がほしかった。 友達は美容師です。 Kon'na kutsu ga hoshikatta. Tomodachi wa biyōshi desu.
I've been wanting these kind of shoes. My friend is a hair stylist.
私は毎日早く寝る。 毎日、スターバックスでコーヒーを買う。 Watashi wa mainichi hayaku neru. Mainichi, Sutābakkusu de kōhī o kau.
I go to bed early every day. I buy coffee at Starbucks everyday.
毎朝、天気予報をチェックする。 あー、眠い。 Maiasa tenki yohō o chekku suru. Ā, nemui.
I check the weather forecast every morning. Ah, I'm so sleepy.
そういえば、今日は、愛子の誕生日だ。 お誕生日おめでとうございます。 Sō ieba, kyō wa, Aiko no tanjōbi da. O-tanjōbi omedetō gozaimasu.
That reminds me, today's Aiko's birthday. Happy birthday.
あなたのお子さんはいくつですか。 奥さんはお元気ですか。 Anata no o-ko-san wa ikutsu desu ka. Oku-san wa o-genki desu ka.
How old is your child? How's your wife?
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 7 毎日、７時間くらい眠ります。 前髪を切りたい。 Mainichi shichi-jikan kurai nemurimasu. Maegami o kiritai.
I sleep for about seven hours every day. I want to cut my bangs.
もう少しビールを飲みます。 ケイトは髪が短い。 Mō sukoshi bīru o nomimasu. Keito wa kami ga mijikai.
I'll drink a little more beer. Kate has short hair.
日曜日、髪を切ります。 分け目はどこですか。 Nichi-yōbi kami o kirimasu. Wakeme wa doko desu ka.
I'm going to have my hair cut on Sunday. Where's the dividing line?
まかせてください！ Makasete kudasai!
Leave it to me!
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE sō ie ba (そういえば) "speaking of which," "that reminds me..." Sō here means "so" or "like that," ie comes from the verb iu "to say," and ba means "if." So the literal translation of sō ie ba is "If you say so..." It corresponds to "speaking of which" or "that reminds me..." in English. A speaker can also use this phrase when he or she has just remembered something. kon'na (こんな) "this sort of, " "like this" Konna is one of the so-called ko-so-a-do words. Therefore, son'na or an'na means "like that," "that kind of," or "such," and don'na means "what kind of." kono kurai (このくらい) "this much," "this amount" Kono means "this," and kurai expresses "degree" or "amount," and we often translate it as "about." Some people say gu instead of ku and say Kono gurai. Kore kurai or kore gurai also mean "this much" or "this amount." o-makase-shimasu (おまかせします) "I'll leave it to you." The verb makaseru means "to leave to" or "to entrust." Just by saying makaseru or makasemasu, you can convey the message of "I'll leave it to you." When the speaker wants to be more polite, he or she can use the phrase o-makase-shimasu. The o- (honorific prefix)＋ [masu stem]＋suru is a very polite way to say "to do something."
GRAMMAR
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 8 The Focus of This Lesson Is How t o Convey Information You've Heard 予報によると、今夜、雪が降るそうですよ。 Yohō ni yoru t o, konya, yuki ga f uru sō desu yo. "According t o t he weat her f orecast , it 's going t o snow t onight ."
In this lesson, you'll learn how to say "I heard that..." using -sō da. You'll also learn useful vocabulary and phrases to use at the hair salon.
How t o Say "I Heard That ..." in Japanese
You can talk about hearsay (something you heard about) by attaching -sō da or it's formal form -sō desu to informal speech.
■ Format ion
• [ Verb in informal speech] ＋sō da / sō desu
■ Sample Sent ence
明日、雨が降るそうだ。 • [ Ashita ame ga furu sō da. ] I heard that it'll rain tomorrow.
雪男さんのお父さんは医者だそうです。 • [ Yukio-san no o-tō-san wa isha da sō desu. ] I heard that Yukio's father is a doctor.
*-sō da or -sō desu follows informal negative or informal past sentence..
● [ Informal Negative Sentence] ＋sō da / sō desu
この映画は面白くないそうだ。 • [ Kono eiga wa omoshirokunai sō da. ] I heard that this movie isn't good.
● [ Inf ormal Past Sent ence ] ＋sō da / sō desu
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 9 ナポレオンは小さかったそうだ。 • [ Naporeon wa chiisakatta sō da. ] I heard that Napoleon was short.
クレオパトラはきれいだったそうです。 • [ Kureopatora wa kirei datta sō desu. ] They say Cleopatra was beautiful.
"According t o-"
We express the information source with the phrase "-ni yoru to."
For example:
天気予報によると、明日は雨が降るそうだ。 • [ Tenki yohō ni yoru to, ashita wa ame ga furu sō da. ] According to the weather forecast, it'll rain tomorrow.
新聞によると、沖縄で雪が降ったそうです。 • [ Shinbun ni yoru to, Okinawa de yuki ga futta sō desu. ] According to the newspaper, it snowed in Okinawa.
"Sō" Meaning "Looks Like"
In Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 7, we covered the usage of sō that means "looks like". Both the formation and the meaning are different from the sō covered in this lesson, so be careful not to confuse them.
Sō meaning "looks like" attaches directly to an adjective or verb.
• I-adjective → Drop the final "i" and add sō • Na-adjective → Attach sō to the dictionary form
Sō Meaning "I Heard" Sō Meaning "Looks Like"
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 10 これはおいしい。 これはおいしいそうだ。 これはおいしそうだ。 Kore wa oishii. Kore wa oishii sō da. Kore wa oishi sō da. "This is tasty." "I heard this is tasty." "This looks tasty."
これは便利だ。 これは便利だそうだ。 これは便利そうだ。 Kore wa benri da. Kore wa benri da sō da. Kore wa benri sō da. "This is useful." "I heard this is useful." "This looks useful."
Usef ul Words and Phrases t o Use at t he Hair Salon
Let's take a look at some useful nouns and verbs that we can use at a hair salon.
Nouns
Japanese Romanization English
美容院 biyōin hair salon
床屋 tokoya barber
髪形・髪型 kamigata hair style
前髪 maegami bangs
もみあげ momiage sideburns
分け目 wakeme parting
カット katto cut (haircut)
シャンプー shanpū shampoo
パーマ pāma perm
Verbs
Japanese Romanization English
切る kiru to cut
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 11 染める someru to dye
そる soru to shave
そろえる soroeru to trim
Phrases
５センチくらい切ってください。 • [Go-senchi kurai kitte kudasai. ] Please cut about 5 centimeters.
ここは切らないでください。でも、ここは短くしてください。 • [ Koko wa kiranaide kudasai. Demo koko wa mijikaku shite kudasai. ] Don't cut this part. But please cut this part short.
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• sō;"looks like" ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 7 • Ko-so-a-do words ⇒ Newbie Series Season 3 Lesson 4 • ni-suru ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 16
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #23 - DID YOU HEAR THAT JAPANESE RUMOR? 12 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #24 I Don't Think This Japanese Restaurant Is That Kind of Place!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 7 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 7 Grammar
# 24
COPYRIGHT © 2015 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 遠井歩: もしもし？…え？まだ会社？ じゃ、先に お店に 入るね。
2. 店員: いらっしゃいませ。
3. 遠井歩: こんばんは。 六時から 二名で 予約を いたしました、遠井と 申します。
4. 店員: 申し訳ございません。もう一度、お名前を 伺ってもいいですか。
5. 遠井歩: と・お・いです。
6. 店員: 失礼いたしました。遠井様ですね。コートを お預かりします。 では、こちらへ どうぞ。
7. 大空風歌: あ、お姉ちゃん！
8. 遠井歩: あなたは、この間の・・・。
9. 大空風歌: 風歌だよ。
10. 遠井歩: どうしたの？
11. 大空風歌: 今日、パパの お誕生日なの。 だから、みんなで、おすしを 食べているの。 こっちに 来て、お姉ちゃんも 一緒に 食べよう。
KANA
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #24 - I DON'T THINK THIS JAPANESE RESTAURANT IS THAT KIND OF PLACE! 2 1. とおいあゆむ: もしもし？…え？まだかいしゃ？ じゃ、さきに おみせに はいるね。
2. てんいん: いらっしゃいませ。
3. とおいあゆむ: こんばんは。 ろくじから にめいで よやくを いたしました、とおいと もうしま す。
4. てんいん: もうしわけ ございません。もういちど、おなまえを うかがってもい いですか。
5. とおいあゆむ: と・お・いです。
6. てんいん: しつれい いたしました。とおいさま ですね。コートを おあずかりし ます。 では、こちらへ どうぞ。
7. おおぞらふうか: あ、おねえちゃん！
8. とおいあゆむ: あなたは、このあいだの・・・。
9. おおぞらふうか: ふうかだよ。
10. とおいあゆむ: どうしたの？
11. おおぞらふうか: きょう、パパの おたんじょうびなの。 だから、みんなで、おすしを たべているの。 こっちに きて、おねえちゃんも いっしょに たべよう。
ROMANIZATION
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #24 - I DON'T THINK THIS JAPANESE RESTAURANT IS THAT KIND OF PLACE! 3 1. TŌI AYUMU: Moshi moshi?...E? Mada kaisha? Ja, saki ni o-mise ni hairu ne.
2. TEN'IN: Irasshaimase.
3. TŌI AYUMU: Konbanwa. Roku-ji kara ni-mei de yoyaku o itashimashita, Tōi to mōshimasu.
4. TEN'IN: Mōshiwake gozaimasen. Mō ichi-do, o-namae o ukagatte mo ii desu ka.
5. TŌI AYUMU: TO-O-I desu.
6. TEN'IN: Shitsurei itashimashita. Tōi-sama desu ne. Kōto o o-azukari shimasu. Dewa, kochira e dōzo.
7. ŌZORA FŪKA: a, o-nē-chan!
8. TŌI AYUMU: Anata wa, kono aida no....
9. ŌZORA FŪKA: Fūka da yo.
10. TŌI AYUMU: Dō shita no?
11. ŌZORA FŪKA: Kyō, papa no o-tanjōbi na no. Dakara, minna de, o-sushi o tabeteiru no. Kocchi ni kite, o-nē-chan mo issho ni tabeyō.
ENGLISH
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #24 - I DON'T THINK THIS JAPANESE RESTAURANT IS THAT KIND OF PLACE! 4 1. AYUMU TOI: Hello? Huh? You're still at the office? Then I'll go on ahead into the restaurant. (Ayumu enters the restaurant)
2. STAFF MEMBER: Welcome.
3. AYUMU TOI: Good evening. My name is Toi; I made a reservation for two at six o'clock.
4. STAFF MEMBER: I'm terribly sorry, could I ask your name one more time?
5. AYUMU TOI: It's T-o-i.
6. STAFF MEMBER: Excuse me. Ms. Toi, correct? Allow me to take your coat. This way, please.
7. FUKA OZORA: Ah, the lady from before!
8. AYUMU TOI: It's you from the other day, you're...
9. FUKA OZORA: Fūka!
10. AYUMU TOI: What brings you here?
11. FUKA OZORA: Today is Daddy's birthday! So we're all eating sushi together.
12. FUKA OZORA: Come over here and eat with us!
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English Class
先に さきに saki ni ahead, first
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #24 - I DON'T THINK THIS JAPANESE RESTAURANT IS THAT KIND OF PLACE! 5 familiar form of older sister or お姉ちゃん おねえちゃん o-nē-chan young adult female
この間 このあいだ kono aida the other day
to look after, to keep in custody, 預かる あずかる azukaru to keep;V1
(humble) to いたす いたす itasu do;V1
(humble) to 伺う うかがう ukagau visit, to ask;V1
counter for 名 めい mei people
店 みせ mise store, shop noun
to get into, to 入る はいる hairu enter, to join ; V1
一緒に いっしょに issho ni together adverb
SAMPLE SENTENCES
先にどうぞ。 お姉ちゃん！お帰り。 Saki ni dōzo. O-nē-chan! Okaeri.
Please go ahead. Hey sis. Welcome back.
この間はごちそうさまでした。 預かりましょうか。 Konoaida wa gochisō sama deshita. Azukarimashō ka.
Thank you for the meal the other day. Shall I take that for you?
失礼いたします。 明日、会社に伺います。 Shitsurei itashimasu. Ashita, kaisha ni ukagaimasu.
Excuse me. I'll go to your office tomorrow.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #24 - I DON'T THINK THIS JAPANESE RESTAURANT IS THAT KIND OF PLACE! 6 何名ですか。 あのお店は安い。 Nan-mei desu ka. Ano o-mise wa yasui.
How many people in your party? That store is cheap.
先週、この会社に入りました。 僕たち一緒にパーティーに行こうよ。 Senshū kono kaisha ni hairimashita. Bokutachi issho ni pātī ni ikō yo.
I joined this company last week. We should go to the party together.
一緒にコンサートに行きましょう。 Isshoni konsāto ni ikimashō.
Let's go to a concert together.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE min'na de (みんなで) "with everyone" Min'na means "everyone," and the particle de here indicates the condition of the action. Min'na de indicates that the action is done involving everyone. Min'na to also means "with everyone."
For Example:
1. 私は一人でアフリカに行った。 Watashi wa hitori de afurika ni itta. "I went to Africa by myself." kono aida (この間 ) "the other day," "some time ago" Kono mae also means "the other day." We can use these phrases interchangeably. azukaru (預かる) "to look after," "to keep in safe custody," "to receive on deposit" The sentence kōto o o-azukari-shimasu in the dialogue literally means "I humbly keep your coat in safe custody," and we translate it as "May I take your coat?" in natural English. In less formal situations (but still quite formal), people say kōto o azukarimasu. You'll also hear kōto o o-azukari-shimashō ka, meaning "Shall I take your coat?" at nice restaurants.
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Formal Language Called Kenjō go.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #24 - I DON'T THINK THIS JAPANESE RESTAURANT IS THAT KIND OF PLACE! 7 お名前を伺ってもいいですか。 O-namae o ukagat t e mo ii desu ka. "Could I ask your name?"
In this lesson, you'll learn how to be extra formal using kenjō-go or humble language.
How t o Be Ext ra Formal in Japanese
There are two ways to be extra formal.
• Use kenjō-go or humble language when talking about your own actions or state.
Use sonkei-go or honorific language when talking about actions or the state of a • person you respect.
In this lesson, you'll learn how to use kenjō-go, or "humble language." We will cover the usage of sonkei-go, or "honorific language," in the next lesson.
What 's Kenjō-Go?
The purpose of using kenjō-go ("humble language") is to show the speaker's respect toward the listening party. To do so, the speaker lowers one's action by using kenjō-go or "humble language" and elevates the listening party. Remember that the basic function of kenjō-go is to lower the status of the subject, so we usually use it to describe our own actions.
Kenjō-go; Humble Form of a Verb
There are two types of humble verbs: regular and irregular.
Irregular Humble Verbs
"English" Dict ionary Form Humble Form Masu Form of t he Humble Verb
"to exist" iru oru orimasu (animate) (いる) (おる) (おります)
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #24 - I DON'T THINK THIS JAPANESE RESTAURANT IS THAT KIND OF PLACE! 8 iku mairu mairimasu "to go" (行く) (参る) (参ります)
kuru (来る) mairu mairimasu "to come" (参る) (参ります)
iu mōsu mōshimasu "to say" (言う) (申す) (申します)
suru itasu itashimasu "to do" (する) (いたす) (いたします)
taberu itadaku itadakimasu "to eat" (食べる) (いただく) (いただきます)
nomu itadaku itadakimasu "to drink" (飲む) (いただく) (いただきます)
"to exist" aru gozaru gozaimasu (inanimate) (ある) (ござる) (ございます*)
shitte iru zonjite iru zonjite imasu "to know" (知っている) (存じている) (存じています)
miru haiken suru haiken shimasu "to see, look at" (みる) (拝見する) (拝見します)
kiku ukagau ukagaimasu "to ask" (きく) (伺う) (伺います)
tazuneru ukagau ukagaimasu "to visit" (たずねる) (伺う) (伺います)
* The masu form of gozaru is irregular. It's not gozarimasu but gozaimasu.
Regular Humble Verbs
• o＋[masu stem] ＋suru/shimasu/itasu/itashimasu
持つ (motsu) → お持ちする (o-mochi-suru)
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #24 - I DON'T THINK THIS JAPANESE RESTAURANT IS THAT KIND OF PLACE! 9 話す (hanasu) → お話しする (o-hanashi-suru) * Please note that not all verbs have their own humble forms, so it would be a good idea to use only words that you have actually heard someone else use.
Sample Sent ences
1. "Excuse me."
Shitsurei shimasu. Formal 失礼し ます。
↓ ↓ ↓
Shitsurei it ashimasu. Humble 失礼い たします。
2. "I'm sorry."
Mōshiwake arimasen Formal 申し訳あ りません。
↓ ↓ ↓
Mōshiwake gozaimasen. Humble 申し訳ご ざいません。
3. "I'll take(or carry) your bag."
Kaban o mochimasu. Formal かばんを持 ちます。
↓ ↓ ↓
Kaban o o-mochi-shimasu. Humble かばんをお 持ちします。
* The humble form of -te iru is -te oru.
4. "I'm studying Japanese."
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #24 - I DON'T THINK THIS JAPANESE RESTAURANT IS THAT KIND OF PLACE! 10 Nihongo o benkyō shit e imasu. Formal 日本語を勉強しています。
↓ ↓ ↓
Nihongo o benkyō shit e orimasu. Humble 日本語を勉強しております。
* We can treat kiku and tazuneru as regular verbs.
5. "May I have your name?"
O-namae o kiit e mo ii desu ka. Formal お名前を聞 いてもい いですか。
↓ ↓ ↓
Humble O-namae o ukagat t e mo ii desu ka. -Irregular お名前を伺っ てもいいですか。
Humble O-namae o o-kiki-shite mo ii desu ka. -Regular お名前をお 聞きしてもいいですか。
Ref erence
Please also review the following grammar points.
• -no ;Sentence-ending particle ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 11 • -yō ;Volitional form ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 33
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #24 - I DON'T THINK THIS JAPANESE RESTAURANT IS THAT KIND OF PLACE! 11 LESSON NOTES Beginner S5 #25 Please Speak Respectfully to My Japanese Parents!
CONTENTS
2 Kanji 2 Kana 3 Romanization 4 English 5 Vocabulary 6 Sample Sentences 7 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 8 Grammar
# 25
COPYRIGHT © 2015 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. KANJI
1. 下山 新: じゃ、すみません。お先に失礼します。
2. 部長: あ、もう、お帰りになりますか？下山様。
3. 下山 新: へ？ああ、部長。すみません。今日、僕の誕生日なんですよ。
4. 部長: だから、彼女とデートなさるんですね。 仕事より彼女の方が大切だとお思いになっているんですね。そうで すか。
5. 下山 新: 本当にすみません。
6. 部長: 冗談だよ。俺ももう帰るよ。駅まで一緒に行こう。
7. 駅のアナウンス: １番線に電車がまいります。線の内側でお待ちください。
8. 部長: そういえば、「足立医院」って家から近いか？
9. 下山 新: ええ。近いですよ。俺が生まれた病院ですよ。
10. 部長: 今、大きいニュースになっているぞ。「赤ちゃんを間違えた」っ て。
11. 下山 新: へー。そうなんですか。ひっどい話ですね。
KANA
1. しもやましん: じゃ、すみません。おさきに しつれいします。
2. ぶちょう: あ、もう、おかえりになりますか？しもやまさま。
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 2 3. しもやましん: へ？ああ、ぶちょう。すみません。きょう、ぼくの たんじょうびな んですよ。
4. ぶちょう: だから、かのじょと デートなさるんですね。 しごとより かのじょのほうが たいせつだ とおおもいに なっている んですね。そうですか。
5. しもやましん: ほんとうにすみません。
6. ぶちょう: じょうだんだよ。おれも もうかえるよ。えきまで いっしょに いこ う。
7. えきのアナウンス: いちばんせんに でんしゃが まいります。せんの うちがわで おまち ください。
8. ぶちょう: そういえば、「あだちいいん」っていえから ちかい か？
9. しもやましん: ええ。ちかいですよ。おれが うまれた びょういん ですよ。
10. ぶちょう: いま、おおきいニュースに なっているぞ。「あかちゃんを まちがえ た」って。
11. しもやましん: へー。そうなんですか。ひっどい はなしですね。
ROMANIZATION
1. SHIMOYAMA Ja, sumimasen. O-saki ni shitsureishimasu. SHIN:
2. BUCHŌ: A, mō, o-kaeri-ni-narimasu ka? Shimoyama sama.
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 3 3. SHIMOYAMA He? Aa, buchō. Sumimasen. Kyō, boku no tanjōbi nan desu yo. SHIN:
4. BUCHŌ: Dakara, kanojo to dēto nasarun desu ne. Shigoto yori kanojo no hō ga taisetsu dato o-omoi-ni-natte irundesu ne. Sō desu ka.
5. SHIMOYAMA Hontō ni sumimasen. SHIN:
6. BUCHŌ: Jōdan da yo. Ore mo mō kaeru yo. Eki made isshoni ikō.
7. EKI NO Ichi-bansen ni densha ga mairimasu. Sen no uchigawa de o-machi- ANAUNSU: kudasai.
8. BUCHŌ: Sō ie ba, "Adachi-iin" tte ie kara chikai ka?
9. SHIMOYAMA Ee. chikai desu yo. Ore ga umareta byōin desu yo. SHIN:
10. BUCHŌ: Ima, ōkii nyūsu ni natte iru zo. "Aka-chan o machigaeta" tte.
11. SHIMOYAMA Hē. Sō nan desu ka. Hiddoi hanashi desu ne. SHIN:
ENGLISH
1. SHIN If you excuse me, I'll be leaving now. SHIMOYAMA:
2. MANAGER: Oh, you are returning home already, Mr. Shimoyama?
CONT'D OVER
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 4 3. SHIN Huh? Ohh, Manager. Please excuse me...it's my birthday today, you SHIMOYAMA: see.
4. MANAGER: So...you're going on a date with your girlfriend, aren't you? You think that your girlfriend is more important than work, is that it...?
5. SHIN I'm really sorry! SHIMOYAMA:
6. MANAGER: Just joking! I'm on my way out too. Let's go together to the station.
7. TRAIN The train will be arriving at Track One. Please wait inside the line. ANNOUNCEMEN T:
8. MANAGER: I just remembered something...is Adachi Hospital close to your house?
9. SHIN Yes, it is. That's the hospital I was born at. SHIMOYAMA:
10. MANAGER: It's making headlines right now. They say that they had a baby mix- up.
11. SHIN Wow, really? That's awful! SHIMOYAMA:
VOCABULARY
Kanji Kana Romaji English Class
to go home, to 帰る かえる kaeru return;V1
赤ちゃん あかちゃん akachan baby noun
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 5 to make a 間違える まちがえる machigaeru mistake;V2
ニュース ニュース nyūsu news noun
near, close;Adj 近い ちかい chikai (i)
医院 いいん iin clinic
inside, interior, 内側 うちがわ uchigawa inner part
線 せん sen line
(humble) to go, to come, to visit; まいる まいる mairu V1
track number, 番線 ばんせん bansen platform; Suffix
駅 えき eki train station noun
冗談 じょうだん jōdan joke noun
important, valuable; na 大切 たいせつ taisetsu adjective
仕事 しごと shigoto work, job
デート デート dēto date (romantic)
cruel, terrible; ひどい ひどい hidoi Adj(i)
SAMPLE SENTENCES
私は車で帰ります。 赤ちゃんはかわいい。 Watashi wa kuruma de kaerimasu. Aka-chan wa kawaii.
I'll drive home. Babies are cute.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 6 すみません。間違えました。 悪いニュースがあります。 Sumimasen. Machigaemashita. Warui nyūsu ga arimasu.
I'm sorry. I was wrong. I have bad news.
ここから駅は近いですか。 田中さんは青山医院で働いています。 Koko kara eki wa chikai desu ka. Tanaka-san wa Aoyama iin de hataraite imasu.
Is the train station close from here? Mr. Tanaka works at Aoyama clinic.
このドアは 内側に あきます。 この白い線は何ですか。 Kono doa wa uchi-gawa ni akimasu. kono shiroi sen wa nan desu ka.
This door opens inwards. What's this white line?
すぐ、まいります。 次の電車は三番線に来ます。 Sugu, mairimasu. Tsugi no densha wa san-bansen ni kimasu.
I'll be there right away. The next train will arrive at track number 3.
家から駅まで十分くらいです。 冗談です。 Ie kara eki made juppun kurai desu. Jōdan desu.
It's about ten minutes from my house to the It's a joke. station.
お金は大切ですよ。 私の新しい仕事は明日始まります。 O-kane wa taisetsu desu yo. Watashi no atarashii shigoto wa ashita hajimarimasu. Money is important, you know. My new job starts tomorrow.
仕事をください。 明日、南さんとデートをします。 Shigoto o kudasai. Ashita, Minami-san to dēto o shimasu.
Please give me a job. I'm going to go on a date with Minami
それは、ひどい。 Sore wa hidoi.
That's awful.
VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 7 Ichi-bansen ni densha ga mairimasu (１番線に電車がまいります) "The train will be arriving at Track One."
As we explained in the last lesson, mairu is the humble form of the verb kuru, "to come." In the last lesson, you learned that we use the humble verb for describing our own actions. However, we also use the humble form when talking about the actions of our own family member or someone in our in-group. That's why the speaker here uses mairu to describe the action of the train (which belongs to his company). iin (医院) "clinic" Byōin, meaning "hospital," is a commonly used word. When we use iin for the name of a medical establishment, it has a relatively smaller connotation than byōin. The words shinryōjo (診療所) and kurinikku (クリニック) also mean "medical clinic." hiddoi (ひっどい) "awful" This small っ or stop sound gives emphasis to the adjective. Please note that this is a very colloquial and informal usage, and doesn't apply to all adjectives.
For Example:
1. yasui (やすい) "cheap" → yassui (やっすい)
2. takai (たかい) "expensive" → takkai (たっかい)
GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is Formal Language Called Sonkei-go. もう、お帰りになりますか。 Mō, o-kaeri-ni-narimasu ka. "Oh, you are ret urning home already?"
In this lesson, you'll learn how to be extra formal using sonkei-go or honorific language. You'll also learn an extra formal way of requesting someone to do something.
How t o Be Ext ra Formal in Japanese
There are two ways to be extra formal.
1. Use kenjō-go or humble language when talking about your own actions or state.
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 8 2. Use sonkei-go or honorific language when talking about actions or the state of a person you respect.
Since you learned the usage of kenjō-go in the previous lesson, in this lesson, you'll learn the usage of sonkei-go or honorific language.
What Is Sonkei-go?
We use sonkei-go, or honorific language, when describing the actions of a person to show respect. Please note that we cannot use sonkei-go to describe our own actions or those of someone in our in-group.
Sonkei-go; Honorif ic Form of a Verb
There are two types of honorific verbs: regular and irregular.
Irregular Honorif ic Verbs
"English" Dict ionary Form Honorif ic Form Masu Form of t he Honorif ic Verb
irassharu (いらっし irrashaimasu "to exist" (いらっしゃいます iru (いる) ゃる) ("to animate") )
iku irassharu (いらっし irrashaimasu (行く) (いらっしゃいます "to go" ゃる) )
kuru irassharu (いらっし irrashaimasu (来る) (いらっしゃいます "to come" ゃる) )
iu ossharu osshaimasu "to say" (言う) (おっしゃる) (おっしゃいます)
suru nasaru nasaimasu "to do" (する) (なさる) (なさいます)
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 9 taberu meshiagaru meshiagarimasu "to eat" (食べる) (めしあがる) (めしあがります
nomu meshiagaru meshiagarimasu "to drink" (飲む) (めしあがる) (めしあがります
kureru kudasaru kudasaimasu "to give me" (くれる) (くださる) (くださいます)
miru goran ni naru goran ni narimasu (見る) (ごらんになる) (ごらんになります "to see" )
shitte iru gozonji da gozonji desu "to know" * (知っている) (ごぞんじだ) (ごぞんじです)
* Please note that the conjugations for the masu form for the verbs irassharu, ossharu, and nasaru are irregular. * Please note that the honorific form of "to know" is grammatically not a verb.
Regular Honorif ic Verbs
• o + [masu stem of a verb] ＋ni naru/ni narimasu
For Example:
1. hanasu ( 話す) → o-hanashi-ni naru (お話しになる)
2. kaeru (帰る) → o-kaeri-ni naru (お帰りになる)
3. tsukau (使 う) →o-tsukai-ni naru (お使いになる)
Sample Sent ences
1. "What are you going to have?"
Nani o t abemasu ka. Formal (何を食 べますか。)
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 10 ↓ ↓ ↓
Nani o meshiagarimasu ka. Honorific (何をめ しあがりますか。)
2. "Did you see that movie?"
Ano eiga o mimashit a ka. Formal あの映画をみましたか。
↓ ↓ ↓
Ano eiga o goran ni narimashita ka. Honorific あの映画をごらんになりましたか。
3. "What time are you going to go home?"
Nan-ji ni kaerimasu ka. Formal (何時に帰 りますか。)
↓ ↓ ↓
Nan-ji ni o-kaeri-ni narimasu ka. Honorific (何時にお 帰りになりますか。)
* The honorific form of -te iru is -te irassharu, and the masu form is -te irasshaimasu.
4. "Are you studying English?"
Eigo o benkyō shit e imasu ka. Formal (英語を勉強していますか。)
↓ ↓ ↓
Eigo o benkyō shit e irasshaimasu ka. Honorific (英語を勉強していらっしゃいますか。)
The Ext ra Formal Request
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 11
In a business situation, when an employee makes a request or gives advice or instructions to a customer, we use o + masu stem of a verb + kudasai rather than te form of a verb + kusadai. You'll often hear the o + masu stem of a verb + kudasai phrases at stores, banks, stations, airports, and so on.
Format ion
For Class 1 and 2 verbs: o + [masu stem of a verb] + kudasai
For Example:
1. tsukau, meaning "to use" → o-tsukai-kudasai, meaning "Please use it."
For [noun] + suru verbs: o/go [noun] + kudasai * Which polite prefix you should use (o or go) depends on the noun. This is something you have to memorize one by one. For Example:
1. denwa suru, meaning "to make a call" → o-denwa-kudasai, meaning "Please make a call."
2. renraku suru, meaning "to contact" → go-renraku -kudasai, meaning "Please contact."
* Please note that this rule cannot apply to the honorific form of verbs.
Sample Sent ences
1. O-kane o o-ire-kudasai. お金をお入れください。 "Please put in your money."
2. Shōshō o-machi-kudasai. 少々、お待ちください。 "Wait just a moment, please."
3. Kippu o o-tori-kudasai. 切符をおと りください。 "Please take your train ticket."
Ref erence
JAPANESEPOD101.COM BEGINNER S5 #25 - PLEASE SPEAK RESPECTFULLY TO MY JAPANESE PARENTS! 12
Please also review the following grammar points.
• -n desu ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 3 • -yori -nohō ga...; Comparison ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lessons 20, 21 • -ō ; Volitional form of a verb ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 33 • mairu ; Humble form ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 24 • Sō ie ba ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 23 • Modifying clause ⇒ Beginner Series Season 5 Lesson 4 • zo; Sentence-ending particle ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 25 • ni naru ⇒ Beginner Series Season 4 Lesson 48
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