T+~~. ~B QAQ LANGUAGE and RACE PROBLEMS in SOUTH AFRICA LANGUAGE and RACE PROBLEMS in SOUTH AFRICA
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Learning [Voice]
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations Fall 2010 Learning [Voice] Joshua Ian Tauberer University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the First and Second Language Acquisition Commons Recommended Citation Tauberer, Joshua Ian, "Learning [Voice]" (2010). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 288. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/288 Please see my home page, http://razor.occams.info, for the data files and scripts that make this reproducible research. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/288 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Learning [Voice] Abstract The [voice] distinction between homorganic stops and fricatives is made by a number of acoustic correlates including voicing, segment duration, and preceding vowel duration. The present work looks at [voice] from a number of multidimensional perspectives. This dissertation's focus is a corpus study of the phonetic realization of [voice] in two English-learning infants aged 1;1--3;5. While preceding vowel duration has been studied before in infants, the other correlates of post-vocalic voicing investigated here --- preceding F1, consonant duration, and closure voicing intensity --- had not been measured before in infant speech. The study makes empirical contributions regarding the development of the production of [voice] in infants, not just from a surface- level perspective but also with implications for the phonetics-phonology interface in the adult and developing linguistic systems. Additionally, several methodological contributions will be made in the use of large sized corpora and data modeling techniques. The study revealed that even in infants, F1 at the midpoint of a vowel preceding a voiced consonant was lower by roughly 50 Hz compared to a vowel before a voiceless consonant, which is in line with the effect found in adults. -
Variation in English /L
The University of Manchester Research Variation in English /l/ Link to publication record in Manchester Research Explorer Citation for published version (APA): Turton, D. (2014). Variation in English /l/: synchronic reections of the life cycle of phonological processes. University of Manchester. Citing this paper Please note that where the full-text provided on Manchester Research Explorer is the Author Accepted Manuscript or Proof version this may differ from the final Published version. If citing, it is advised that you check and use the publisher's definitive version. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Research Explorer are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Takedown policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please refer to the University of Manchester’s Takedown Procedures [http://man.ac.uk/04Y6Bo] or contact [email protected] providing relevant details, so we can investigate your claim. Download date:08. Oct. 2021 Variation in English /l/: Synchronic reections of the life cycle of phonological processes A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2014 Danielle Turton School of Arts, Languages and Cultures Contents List of Figures 7 List of Tables 11 Abstract 15 Declaration 16 Copyright 17 Acknowledgements 18 1 Introduction 20 1.1 Goals of the thesis . 21 1.1.1 Theoretical issues . 21 1.1.2 Empirical issues . 22 1.1.3 Peripheral goals . -
Phonetics and Phonology
TRNAVA UNIVERSITY IN TRNAVA FACULTY OF EDUCATION PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY Selected Aspects of English Pronunciation Učebné texty Hana Vančová Trnava 2019 Phonetics and Phonology. Selected Aspects of English Pronunciation Učebné texty. © Mgr. Hana Vančová, PhD. Recenzenti: prof. PaedDr. Silvia Pokrivčáková, PhD. Mgr. Eva Lukáčová, PhD. Jazyková korektúra: M. A. Louise Kocianová Vydal: Pedagogická fakulta Trnavskej univerzity v Trnave Vydanie: prvé Náklad: elektronické vydanie Trnava 2019 ISBN 978-80-568-0178-9 2 OBSAH Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 5 1 THE ACOUSTIC ASPECT OF LANGUAGE ................................................................................... 6 1.1 The development of human speech ................................................................................. 6 1.2 Interfaces of phonetics and phonology with other linguistic disciplines ......................... 8 1.3 English orthography and pronunciation ......................................................................... 11 2 PHONEMES AND ALLOPHONES ............................................................................................. 16 2. 1 Vowel sounds ................................................................................................................. 16 2.1.1 Vowels (monophthongs) .......................................................................................... 16 2.1.2 Diphthongs .............................................................................................................. -
A Morpho-Phonemic Analysis on Sasak Affixation
International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation (IJLLT) ISSN: 2617-0299 (Online); ISSN: 2708-0099 (Print) DOI: 10.32996/ijllt Journal Homepage: www.al-kindipublisher.com/index.php/ijllt A Morpho-phonemic Analysis on Sasak Affixation Wahyu Kamil Syarifaturrahman1, Sutarman*2 & Zainudin Abdussamad3 123Fakultas Sosial dan Humaniora,Universitas Bumigora, Indonesia Corresponding Author: Sutarman, E-mail: [email protected] ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Received: November 17, 2020 The current study analyses the morpho-phonemic in Sasak affixation especially in Accepted: January 02, 2021 Ngeno-Ngene dialect. This study is a qualitative research in nature. The data were Volume: 4 collected via field linguistic method using three techniques of data collection: Issue: 1 observation, interview, and note-taking. The study used a qualitative research method DOI: 10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.1.13 to describe all morphophonemic process of affixation in Ngeno-Ngene dialect of Sasak language. The results of the study revealed that there are two affixes that KEYWORDS undergo morphophonemic process, namely, prefix be-, pe-, ng-, t-, me- and simulfix ke-an. Prefix be- can cause epenthesis (additional r ), prefix pe- causes epenthesis Morpho-phonemic, Sasak, (additional n and mi) and assimilation ( k n), prefix ng- causes assimilation (k ŋ), Affixation, Ngeno-Ngene dialect prefix t- causes epenthesis (additional e) and prefix me- causes assimilation (p m). The simulfix ke-an in this dialect causes epenthesis in which there will be lexical addition ‘r,m,n’ when the simulfix ke-an is used. 1. Introduction 1 Affixation is an integral part of a language that has been discussed widely in most of languages in the world including Sasak language. -
CLIPPING in ENGLISH SLANG NEOLOGISMS Dmytro Borys
© 2018 D. Borys Research article LEGE ARTIS Language yesterday, today, tomorrow Vol. III. No 1 2018 CLIPPING IN ENGLISH SLANG NEOLOGISMS Dmytro Borys Kyiv National Linguistic University, Kyiv, Ukraine Borys, D. (2018). Clipping in English slang neologisms. In Lege artis. Language yesterday, today, tomorrow. The journal of University of SS Cyril and Methodius in Trnava. Warsaw: De Gruyter Open, 2018, III (1), June 2018, p. 1-45. DOI: 10.2478/lart-2018-0001 ISSN 2453-8035 Abstract: The research is concerned with the phonotactic, morphotactic, graphic, logical, derivational, and syntactic features of clipped English slang neologisms coined in the early 21st century. The main preconceptions concerning clipping per se are revisited and critically rethought upon novel slang material. An innovative three-level taxonomy of clippings is outlined. The common and distinctive features of diverse types of clipping are identified and systemized. Key words: clipping, slang neologism, back-clipping, mid-clipping, fore-clipping, edge-clipping. 1. Introduction Redundancy ubiquitously permeates human life. According to Cherry, "redundancy is built into the structural forms of different languages in diverse ways" (1957: 18-19, 118). In linguistics, it accounts for adaptability as one of the driving factors of language longevity and sustainability. In lexicology, redundancy underlies the cognitive process of conceptualization (Eysenck & Keane 2000: 306-307); constitutes a prerequisite for secondary nomination and semantic shifting; contributes to assimilation of borrowings; nurtures the global trend in all-pervasive word structure simplification, affecting lexicon and beyond. In word formation, the type of redundancy involved is dimensional redundancy, which is defined as "the redundancy rate of information dimensions" (Hsia 1973: 8), as opposed to between-channel, distributional, sequential, process-memory, and semiotic redundancies (ibid., 8-9). -
Anna Enarsson New Blends in the English Language Engelska C
Estetisk-filosofiska fakulteten Anna Enarsson New Blends in the English Language Engelska C-uppsats Termin: Höstterminen 2006 Handledare: Michael Wherrity Karlstads universitet 651 88 Karlstad Tfn 054-700 10 00 Fax 054-700 14 60 [email protected] www.kau.se Titel: New Blends in the English Language Författare: Anna Enarsson Antal sidor: 29 Abstract: The aim of this essay was to identify new blends that have entered the English language. Firstly six different word-formation processes, including blending, was described. Those were compounding, clipping, backformation, acronyming, derivation and blending. The investigation was done by using a list of blends from Wikipedia. The words were looked up in the Longman dictionary of 2005 and in a dictionary online. A google search and a corpus investigation were also conducted. The investigation suggested that most of the blends were made by clipping and the second most common form was clipping and overlapping. Blends with only overlapping was unusual and accounted for only three percent. The investigation also suggested that the most common way to create blends by clipping was to use the first part of the first word and the last part of the second word. The blends were not only investigated according to their structure but also according to the domains they occur in. This part of the investigation suggested that the blends were most frequent in the technical domain, but also in the domain of society. Table of contents 1. Introduction and aims..........................................................................................................1 -
Clipping As Morphology: Evidence from Japanese
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2018-01-15 Clipping as Morphology: Evidence from Japanese Daniel, Adam Daniel, A. D. (2018). Clipping as Morphology: Evidence from Japanese (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/106310 master thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Clipping as Morphology: Evidence from Japanese by Adam Drake Daniel A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS GRADUATE PROGRAM IN LINGUISTICS CALGARY, ALBERTA JANUARY, 2018 © Adam Drake Daniel 2018 ABSTRACT This thesis examines the role of morphology in clipping through an investigation of the Japanese language. The research objectives of this thesis are to outline the roles of morphology, phonology, and semantics in the clipping process, to distinguish patterns and types of clipping, and to explore whether the clipping process should be described in the grammar, as well as to determine whether clipped forms are organized lexically. The objectives of this thesis are met through analyzing the relevant literature, compiling and analyzing a database of Japanese clipped forms, and conducting a survey study involving native Japanese speakers. -
Patterns of Vowel Production in Speakers of American English from the State of Utah
Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2009-08-06 Patterns of Vowel Production in Speakers of American English from the State of Utah Larkin Hopkins Reeves Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the Communication Sciences and Disorders Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Reeves, Larkin Hopkins, "Patterns of Vowel Production in Speakers of American English from the State of Utah" (2009). Theses and Dissertations. 1886. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1886 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. PATTERNS OF VOWEL PRODUCTION IN SPEAKERS OF AMERICAN ENGLISH FROM THE STATE OF UTAH by Larkin Hopkins Reeves A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Department of Communication Disorders Brigham Young University December, 2009 BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY GRADUATE COMMITTEE APPROVAL of a thesis submitted by Larkin Hopkins Reeves This thesis has been read by each member of the following graduate committee and by majority vote has been found to be satisfactory. Date Shawn L. Nissen, Chair Date Ron W. Channell Date Christopher Dromey BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY As chair of the candidate’s graduate committee, I have read the thesis of Larkin Hopkins Reeves in its final form and have found that (1) its format, citations, and bibliographical style are consistent and acceptable and fulfill university and department style requirements; (2) its illustrative materials including figures, tables, and charts are in place; and (3) the final manuscript is satisfactory to the graduate committee and is ready for submission to the university library. -
Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera U Osijeku Filozofski Fakultet U Osijeku Odsjek Za Engleski Jezik I Književnost Uroš Ba
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Croatian Digital Thesis Repository Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku Filozofski fakultet u Osijeku Odsjek za engleski jezik i književnost Uroš Barjaktarević Japanese-English Language Contact / Japansko-engleski jezični kontakt Diplomski rad Kolegij: Engleski jezik u kontaktu Mentor: doc. dr. sc. Dubravka Vidaković Erdeljić Osijek, 2015. 1 Summary JAPANESE-ENGLISH LANGUAGE CONTACT The paper examines the language contact between Japanese and English. The first section of the paper defines language contact and the most common contact-induced language phenomena with an emphasis on linguistic borrowing as the dominant contact-induced phenomenon. The classification of linguistic borrowing thereby follows Haugen's distinction between morphemic importation and substitution. The second section of the paper presents the features of the Japanese language in terms of origin, phonology, syntax, morphology, and writing. The third section looks at the history of language contact of the Japanese with the Europeans, starting with the Portuguese and Spaniards, followed by the Dutch, and finally the English. The same section examines three different borrowing routes from English, and contact-induced language phenomena other than linguistic borrowing – bilingualism , code alternation, code-switching, negotiation, and language shift – present in Japanese-English language contact to varying degrees. This section also includes a survey of the motivation and reasons for borrowing from English, as well as the attitudes of native Japanese speakers to these borrowings. The fourth and the central section of the paper looks at the phenomenon of linguistic borrowing, its scope and the various adaptations that occur upon morphemic importation on the phonological, morphological, orthographic, semantic and syntactic levels. -
Trask's Historical Linguistics
Trask’s Historical Linguistics Trask’s Historical Linguistics, Third Edition, is an accessible introduction to historical linguistics – the study of language change over time. This engaging book is illustrated with language examples from all six continents, and covers the fundamental concepts of language change, methods for historical linguistics, linguistic reconstruction, sociolinguistic aspects of language change, language contact, the birth and death of languages, language and prehistory and the issue of very remote relations. This third edition of the renowned Trask’s Historical Linguistics is fully revised and updated and covers the most recent developments in historical linguistics, including: ᭹ more detail on morphological change including cutting-edge discussions of iconization ᭹ coverage of recent developments in sociolinguistic explanations of variation and change ᭹ new case studies focusing on Germanic languages and American and New Zealand English, and updated exercises covering each of the topics within the book ᭹ a brand new companion website featuring material for both professors and students, including discussion questions and exercises as well as discussions of the exercises within the book. Trask’s Historical Linguistics is essential reading for all students of language, linguistics and related disciplines. The accompanying website can be found at www.routledge.com/cw/trask Robert McColl Millar is Professor in Linguistics and Scottish Language at the University of Aberdeen. His most recent books include English Historical Sociolinguistics (2012) and (with William Barras and Lisa Marie Bonnici) Lexical Variation and Attrition in the Scottish Fishing Communities (2014). Larry Trask was Professor of Linguistics at the University of Sussex and an authority on Basque language and historical linguistics. -
A Sequel to Minkova (2003: Ch. 4) Ricardo
The history of English phrase-level syllabification: a sequel to Minkova (2003: ch. 4) Ricardo Bermúdez-Otero University of Manchester INTRODUCTION §1 • This talk addresses the history of phrase-level syllabification in English, focusing on the behaviour of word-final consonants immediately followed by a vowel across a word boundary. • Minkova (2003: ch. 4) provides an authoritative account of phrase-level syllabification in OE and ME based on internal linguistic evidence and on data from poetic metre. The aim of the talk is to supply the link between Minkova’s narrative and the synchronic situation in PDE. • I shall argue that ambisyllabicity fails to provide a satisfactory answer to this question: by attempting to channel all the effects of prosody on segmental allophony through syllable structure, theories of ambisyllabicity get caught in representational paradoxes. • In contrast, stratal-cyclic models of phonology, specially Stratal OT, provide a straightforward interpretation of the English facts in terms of the diachronic life- cycle of phonological processes. MINKOVA’S NARRATIVE [Б]-insertion blocks resyllabification in OE §2 Minkova (2003: ch. 4) makes a strong case for assuming that, like present-day German, OE avoided stressed onsetless syllables by means of [Б]-epenthesis: [Б]-insertion σs O R X X ∅ → Б / __ §3 Since root-initial syllables bear primary stress in OE, [Б]-insertion blocks the resyllabification of word-final consonants before lexical words beginning with a vowel: Ēadmund æþeling ‘prince Edmund’ (The battle of Brunanburh 3a) UR /ædmund æeli/ SR [⎆Бæd.mund.Бæ.e.li] not *[æd.mun.dæ.e.li] www.bermudez-otero.com/sequel.pdf Inaugural event of the Historical Linguistics Research Cluster, Cambridge, 10 May 2010 2 Minkova adduces evidence from both metrical and nonmetrical language. -
Online Companion to a Historical Phonology of English
A Historical Phonology of English Donka Minkova © Donka Minkova, 2014 Edinburgh University Press Ltd 22 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9LF www.euppublishing.com Typeset in 10.5/12 Janson by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire, printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon CR0 4YY A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 0 7486 3467 5 (hardback) ISBN 978 0 7486 3468 2 (paperback) ISBN 978 0 7486 3469 9 (webready PDF) ISBN 978 0 7486 7755 9 (epub) The right of Donka Minkova to be identifi ed as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Contents Acknowledgements x List of abbreviations and symbols xii A note on the Companion to A Historical Phonology of English xv 1 Periods in the history of English 1 1.1 Periods in the history of English 2 1.2 Old English (450–1066) 2 1.3 Middle English (1066–1476) 9 1.4 Early Modern English (1476–1776) 15 1.5 English after 1776 17 1.6 The evidence for early pronunciation 20 2 The sounds of English 24 2.1 The consonants of PDE 24 2.1.1 Voicing 26 2.1.2 Place of articulation 27 2.1.3 Manner of articulation 29 2.1.4 Short and long consonants 31 2.2 The vowels of PDE 32 2.2.1 Short and long vowels 35 2.2.2 Complexity: monophthongs and diphthongs 37 2.3 The syllable: some basics 39 2.3.1 Syllable structure 39 2.3.2 Syllabifi cation 40 2.3.3 Syllable weight 43 2.4 Notes on vowel representation 45 2.5 Phonological change: some types and causes 46 3 Discovering the earliest links: Indo- European