TheNIH Record U.S. Department June 23 National of Health 1981 Institutes and Vol. XXXIII of Human Services No. 13 Health

DR. FREDRICKSON RESIGNS Three 1981 GM Foundation Citing personal reasons, Dr. Donald S. Fredrickson, NIH Director since July 1, 1975, announced his resignation Friday, June 19, Prizewinners Are NIH-Associated at a special meeting in Masur Auditorium. It Three of the four winners of the 1981 In a unique means of replication, the will be effective the 1st of July. In his re­ General Motors Cancer Research Founda­ DNA copy of the viral genetic information marks, he stated: "This July, I am complet­ tion awards are NIH-associated. inserts itself into the chromosomal DNA of ing my fourth 7-year term at NIH. It seems Each winner of the Kettering, Mott, and the cells infected by the virus. as exhilarating and worthwhile as in the Sloan prizes received $100,000 and a solid This chromosomal DNA is the blueprint summer of 1953, when I arrived. The last 6 gold medal from the foundation, which was that determines the inherited nature of years, however, have been spent in the re­ created to recognize international scientific cells and directs their function; the viral in­ lentless company of the administrative bur­ accomplishments in three basic areas of formation is thereafter included in the blue­ dens of the Director. It is time to shed them cancer research: diagnosis and treatment, print for every subsequent generation of for a while, lest I forget completely how to prevention, and basic scientific contribu­ cells. be a scientist and a physician." tions to the disease, particularly in the areas With his colleague Dr. Janet Hartley, Dr. Dr. Fredrickson also spoke highly of of etiology and pathogenesis. Rowe has developed many now widely used Richard S. Schweiker, stating, "This Secre­ The winners are: Drs. Wallace P. Rowe, techniques for detecting, growing, and tary has the most extensive background in Cesar Milstein, E. Donnall Thomas, and measuring mouse leukemia and sarcoma NIH and in biomedical research of any in Takashi Sugimura. viruses. He was the first to demonstrate that the history of the Department." mouse sarcoma viruses only replicate in the Continuing, Dr. Fredrickson said that he host cell in the presence of another "help­ appreciated Mr. Schweiker's immediate in­ er" virus. vitation to continue at his NIH post in the Dr. Rowe's studies using leukemia-prone new administration. and leukemia-free strains of mice provided Details will appear in the July 8th issue of the first proof that genetic material for a The NIH Record. leukemia virus may be present in unex­ pressed form within the normal cells' ge­ Dr. Hasselmyer Named PHS netic material. He demonstrated that cer­ tain chemicals can turn on this genetic Assistant Surgeon General information, initiating production of infec­ Dr. Eileen G. Hasselmeyer, associate di­ tious virus. rector for scientific review, NICHD, was re­ • Work in his laboratory has defined how cently named an Assistant Surgeon General Dr. Rowe Dr. Thomas genetic determinants of the host cells con­ of the U.S. Public Health Service Commis­ trol the expression of virus, and, that i.n sioned Corps. Assistant Surgeon General is Dr. Rowe, chief of the Laboratory of Viral some mouse leukemias, two different in­ one of the highest ranks a commissioned Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and herited viruses must interact before leuke­ corps officer can obtain; there are fewer Infectious Diseases, is universally recog­ mia can develop. than 70 in the entire corps. nized for his outstanding research in the As a direct consequence of Dr. Rowe's Dr. Hasselmeyer, a member of the PHS field of animal virology. His discoveries work, it is now possible to manipulate spe­ Commissioned Corps since 1956, joined have changed basic ideas about the rela­ cific viral genes by classical genetic tech­ NICHD in 1963 as the special assistant for tionship among animal cells, viruses, and niques to determine their effects on spon­ prematurity, Office of the Director. Prior to genes. taneous, chemically, or physically induced joining the NICHD, she was a senior nurse For the past 15 years, Dr. Rowe has been tumors in mice. consultant in the Division of Nursing, PHS. studying a large family of viruses called (See GM A WARDS, Page 5) In her present position, she oversees retroviruses. Retroviruses can cause leuke­ some 1,600 research and research training mia, sarcoma, and mammary carcinoma in Secretary Schweiker grant and contract programs in the areas of many animal species. maternal and child health and population His work has provided significant insights To Visit NIH Campus sciences. into the complexity of this group of viruses On June 25, HHS Secretary Richard S. Dr. Hasselmeyer has received many spe­ and their intimate relationships to host Schweiker will make his first visit to the Na­ cial awards including the HEW (now HHS), cells. No counterpart in man is presently tional Institutes of Health campus since tak­ PHS Commendation Medal. known, but biochemical traces of similar ing office. Mr. Schweiker plans to get a Last year, she received the Creative Lead­ viruses have been found in human cells. firsthand glimpse of the research activities ership Award in Nursing from the New York This finding suggests that similar systems and facilities in Bethesda. He will be accom­ University School of Education, Health, may play a role in some human cancers. panied by NIH Director Dr. Donald S. Nursing and Arts Profession. Retroviruses aid in studying normal regu­ Fredrickson. Several informal presentations Dr. Hasselmeyer is the author of numer­ lation of cells and thus for identifying what will be made, in addition to the Secretary's ous publications in the fields of sudden in­ causes uncontrolled cell growth. The genet­ attendance at a luncheon to meet the B/1/D fant death syndrome, nursing and ic material of retroviruses, RNA, produces a Directors. perinatology. D DNA copy of itself during multiplication. The NIH Record Pub I ished biweekly at Bethesda, Md., by the Editorial Operations Branch, Division of Public Information, for the information of employees of the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, and circulated by request to writers and to researchers in biomedical and related fields. The content is reprintable without permission. Pictures may be available on request. The NIH Record reserves the right to make corrections, changes, or deletions in submitted copy in conformity with the policies of the paper and HHS. Three Chinese and four American immunologists, who participated in recent exchange visits to de­ NIH Record Office termine what further collaborative efforts should be undertaken in the field of allergy and immu­ Bldg. 31, Room 28-03, Phone 496-2125 nology, surround NIAID Director Dr. Richard M. Krause (c) during a recent NIH visit. Last Septem­ Editor ber, Dr. Krause headed the four-member U.S. delegation that visited Beijing and Shanghai to Jerry Gordon promote the U.S.-PRC Cooperative Agreement on Science and Technology of Medicine and Public Staff Writers Health. As part of their visit, the Chinese scientists spent 3 weeks in the U.S. visiting laboratories in William B. Reinckens Washington, Baltimore, New York, Boston, and La Jolla. Joyce F. McCarthy

Staff Correspondents CC, Barbara Smakula; DCRT, Mary Hodges; DPM, Judy Fouche; DAG

Sue Meadows; DAR, Barbara Menick; DRS, Arthur F. Moore; FIC, Employee Conflict Study Over, Ready for Comments Susan P. Stark; NCI, Patricia A. Newman; NEI, Marsha Corbett; NHLBI. Bill Sanders; NIA, Ann Dieffenbach; NIAID, Jeanne Winnick; NIAMDD, Linda Cross; NICHD, Pamela Driscoll; NIDA, Sally Wilberding; NIEHS, The NIH Study of Employee Conflict and The recommendations contained in the Hugh J. Lee; NIGMS, Wanda Warddell; NIMH, Paul Sirovatka; NINCDS, Cooperation, begun in 1977, has been com­ reports cover a wide range of NIH activities, Diane Striar; NLM, Roger L. Gilkeson. pleted. The study represents one of the first including supervisory training, communica­ attempts by a Federal agency to investigate tions, employee participation in special ini­ formally the causes of employee conflict. tiatives, and affirmative action. Recommendations to ameliorate conflict Because the recommendations affect all Training Program Accepting and promote cooperation, set forth in sepa­ NIH employees-as coworkers, supervi­ rate reports by the NIH Task Force for the sors, and program managers-Dr. Applications Through June Study of Employee Conflict and its advisory Fredrickson has asked the directors of each review panel, are being considered for im­ B/I/D to seek comments on them from staff Applications for utility systems-repairer plementation by NIH Director Dr. Donald S. of all components of their organizations. operator (building engineer) under the Ap­ Fredrickson. prenticeship Training Program are being ac­ OPM Survey Conducted Employees Can Comment cepted now through the end of June. The maximum number of positions open is six; The recommendations are based on data Dr. Fredrickson has also invited com­ the apprentice entry hourly rate is $6.27; resulting from the 1979 survey conducted ments from individual employees and em­ and the target journeyman hourly rate is by a team from the U.S. Office of Personnel ployee groups throughout NIH. $9.65. Management. The survey was designed to If you are interested in commenting on To qualify, applicants must now be in a identify sources of conflict and to seek the task force and review panel recommen­ nonprofessional job series, have been em­ opinion on formal mechanisms now used dations, you may obtain copies of the re­ ployed at NIH or NIMH (IRP) for 1 consecu­ by the NIH to help resolve conflict. ports from the News Branch, Division of tive year immediately prior to close of busi­ The task force and review panel reports Public Information, Bldg. 31, Rm. 2B-10. ness on June 29, have career or career­ indicates that employees perceive the exist­ Send your comments to Dr. Thomas conditional status and be working in a full­ ence of conflict across the NIH. Where con­ Malone, NIH Deputy Director, Bldg. 1, Rm. time position. flict exists, it appears to affect job produc­ 132, by July 15. Edi.;cation and OJT Provided tivity as well as job satisfaction. The reports Dr. Fredrickson will consider all individu­ also indicate that most of the NIH mecha­ al comments as well as those sought from The ATP combines on-the-job training, nisms now in place to resolve conflict are B/I/D's in making his decisions about the where apprentices are assigned to the more not completely effective. recommendations. □ experienced journeymen in the trades, and special classroom work at Montgomery College 1 day per week. Black Business Leader There are 21 apprentices currently work­ To Speak on June 25 Training Tips ing in a variety of trade positions at NIH, including electricians, painters, refrigera­ Rev. Leon H. Sullivan, founder and chair­ The following courses, sponsored by the tion and air-conditioning mechanics, sheet man of the Opportunities Industrialization Division of Personnel Management, are metal mechanics, boiler plant operators and Centers, will be the guest speaker at the given in Bldg. 31. plumbers. NIH Black Cultural Committee's summer To apply or for additional information, program, Save Our Children: Strategies for Course visit the OD-FIC-OA personnel office, Bldg. the '80s, on Thursday, June 25, at noon, in Communication Skills Starts Deadline 31, Rm. 1C-15. □ Masur Auditorium. OIC, an international self-help vocational Stress Management 9/9 8/20 Tennis Anyone? training program, has 150 centers in Ameri­ can cities and 10 other countries. D Reading Management 9/14 8/26 The NIH R&W Tennis Club is offering Summer Employee Program group lessons, taught by Rick Kramer, acer­ Donna Huber Wins Bridge Club Tournament tified instructor of the pro-tennis registry, Telephone Techniques 7/28 7/8 at the NIH courts. Lessons-$25 for five 1-hour classes-will Donna Huber, NIGMS, was the winner of To learn more about these and other begin on Wednesday, July 8. For further in­ the NIH Duplicate Bridge tournament held courses in office and communication skills, formation, contact Rick Hargett, 4%-4885. on June 10. contact the Training Assistance Branch, Applications are available at the R&W Ac­ The Bridge Club, sponsored by R&W, meets weekly on Wednesdays at 7:30 p.m. DPM, 496-2146. tivities Desk, Bldg. 31, Rm. 1A-18. □ in the Bldg. 1 cafeteri�. □ Page 2 The NIH Record June 23, 1981 Over 500 Enjoy First NIH Family Picnic Photos by Herb Alvord

Sack races were featured throughout the day for both adults and children.

R&W president Jerry Stiller draws some door prizes at the end of the day.

THE VANQUISHED THE VICTORS

R&W manager Randy Schools supervised many of the day's events including a traditional egg toss.

Everything from old-fashioned pie-eating Union band. volleyball games, horseshoe tournaments, contests and sack races to hot dogs and The picnic activities began at noon with a lawn darts, and a softball game in progress. softball were featured at the first annual wild, wet apple bobbing contest for chil­ A white elephant table, where employees NIH family picnic. dren. At 1 p.m., kids got into it again with brought items to the picnic from their Over 500 family members of NIH employ­ an egg toss. Many of the adults found a homes for sale in support of the Patient Ac­ ees turned out for the picnic held at challenge in the sack races starting at 2 p.m. tivities Fund, was a success. Pinecliff State Park, in Frederick, Md., on Contests, Prizes Featured A tug-of-war waged between NIH women Sunday, June 7. and NIH men attracted great interest and The day's activities were arranged for by For children from 3 to 12 years of age, excitement, particularly when the women the R&W Association. Those attending there was a bubblegum-blowing contest defeated the men. could spend the day any way they desired with prizes, and facecloths being given to The R&W Association is planning this pic­ with plenty of food and refreshments being the contestants at 3 p.m. An ear-to-ear pie­ nic as an annual event. served. For the more athletic and adventur­ eating contest attracted only the stout of □ ous, free canoe rides were available, or one heart and stomach at 5 p.m. If your capacity to acquire has outstripped could spend the day listening to the coun­ Prizes were distributed after each event. your capacity to enjoy, you are on the way try and western music of the Mountain City Throughout the day, there were continuous to the scrap-heap.-G/en Buck □

June 23, l981 The NIH Record Page 3 Special Week Features Career Options in the 80's

Career Options in the 80's, held during the week of May 18, attracted an average of 250 employees each day to the various events sponsored by the Women's Advisory Committee, a component of the NIH Federal Women's Program. Employees obtained information on career planning from a panel of noted women achiev­ ers and information on career paths and education at a career fair. For 2 days, 17 workshops on 11 subjects re­ lated to career concerns were held, followed by a film festival on the final day. Linda Bremerman, National Cancer Institute delegate to the WAC, chaired the activities. After the opening session, individuals who re­ ceived a special salute from the WAC during the program were honored at a reception in the Clinical Center cafeteria. The reception was sponsored by the Foundation for the Advancement of Education in the Sciences, Graduate Women in Science, and the R&W Association. Currently, committee members are reviewing evalua­ tion forms from each session to plan followup activities. The Federal Women's Program office, Bldg. 31, Rm. 2B--41, is continuing to accept comments on the week's activities.

Nineteen individuals, recommended by their coworkers, were special­ ly saluted for their contributions to the career development of NIH employees by the WAC. L to r are: Marian Park, NIGMS; Dr. Laurence Miller, NIADDK; Joan Curran, NIADDK; Samuel Blackmon, OA; Grover Fletcher, ODA; Ernest Plata, FCRC; and Dr. Cummings. Sec­ ond picture (I to r): Virginia Ono, OD; Dr. Elaine Shalowitz, CEC; Dr. William Blattner, NCI; Gloria Tatigian, NCI; and Barbara Murray, NCI. Third picture (I to r): Dr. Robert Whitney, DRS; Kathleen Snowden, ORR; Dr. John Cole, NCI; Joan Topalian, NCI; and Dr. Maurice Guss, NCI. Others saluted but not present were Ena Camargo, Ors. Diane Fink and Paul Torrence.

Achieving Career Success, a panel discussion, was one of the opening programs moderated by Dr. Nancy Cummings, NIADDK. Panelists were Dr. Victoria Barrera-White, Health Services Administration; Naomi McAfee, Westinghouse Electric Corporation; Dr. Carolyn Payton, Howard University; and Renee Poussaint, WJLA-TV, Channel 7. Each panelist shared per­ sonal tips on career achievement and answered questions from the audience.

Dr. Barrera-White Ms. McAfee Dr. Cummings Dr. Payton Ms. Poussaint

At the Career Fair, coordinated by Dr. Ursula Lohmann of the DPM's Career Development Branch, information on career paths, career change opportunities, continuing education and other personnel topics was provided. Over 100 employees volunteered time during the day to serve as role models, answer questions and distribute information. Representatives from local colleges and universities discussed the types of courses available; employees from a variety of ocupational series answered questions on education and experience qualifications for their respective careers; DPM representatives provided information on the Career Education Center, Stride and the Apprenticeship Programs; and representatives from Certified Professional Secretaries and the NIH child care programs were included in this large scale information exchange. Work­ shops which drew large numbers of employees included those on stress management, assertiveness, career planning and fi­ nancial planning. The Federal Women's Program is reviewing evaluations received from employees to assess the subject in­ terest and working ratings in order to plan future programs.

Page 4 The NIH Record June 23, 1981 staff of the medical research council of the Dr. Thomas was also instrumental in GM AWARDS department of biochemistry at Cambridge introducing total body irradiation in combi­ (Continued from Page 1) University. nation with cytoxan (a chemotherapeutic More than 20 years ago, Dr. Milstein real­ agent) to destroy leukemic cells prior to Pinpointing the chromosomal locations of ized that myelomas (bone cancer cells) transplant. He is now experimenting with a genes of known function is necessary if one could provide the key to the study of new technique that involves frozen bone is to understand the regulation of gene ex­ immunoglobulins (antibodies) because my­ marrow cells for use in patients with refrac­ pression in all animal cells and, ultimately, elomas continue to reproduce antibodies tory solid tumors. to understand and control cancer. even when hybridized. Dr. Sugimura, director of the National Dr. Rowe's work in virology began in the In 1970, he applied this theory to the hy­ Cancer Center Research Institute in Tokyo, early 1950's at the Naval Medical Research bridization of mouse myeloma tumors with received the 1981 Charles S. Mott prize, Institute. It was he who determined that the antibody-producing cells specific for com­ which singles out notable research on can­ immunologic response to a virus, rather plex antigen (sheep erythrocytes, or red cer prevention. than the virus itself, was causing the dis­ blood cells). He selected antisheep His work has contributed to the under­ ease, making him the first to identify a erythrocyte-producing clones and demon­ standing of the relationship between virus-caused autoimmune disease. strated that each clone secreted unique an­ mutagenicity (causing a genetic change) Later, he aided in showing the similarity tibodies specific for determinants on the and carcinogenicity (causing cancer) of of a particular virus to certain newly recog­ immunizing antigen. chemicals, and his major discoveries re­ nized viruses that cause severe human dis­ Dr. Thomas, a grantee of both NIAID and garding mutagenic chemicals in foods that ease and, eventually in classifying the the National Cancer Institute, is director of are commonly eaten by humans. arenavirus group. medical oncology at Seattle's Fred In 1952, Dr. Rowe came to NIH. In collab­ Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. Previously a Fogarty Scholar oration with Dr. Robert J. Huebner, he dis­ Dr. Thomas won the Charles F. Kettering Dr. Sugimura was a Fogarty scholar in res­ covered a new group of viruses, now prize for his pioneering in the development idence in 1977 and spent two terms here in known as adenoviruses. and improvement of bone marrow trans­ 1977 and 1979. In 1982, he will return for a In addition to Dr. Rowe, Dr. Milstein, plantation and its applications to acute leu­ third residency. In 1978 he was awarded the member of the Medical Research Council kemia and aplastic anemia. Outstanding Work Award of the Environ­ Laboratory of Molecular Biology in His initial contribution was made in 1959 mental Mutagen Society of the United Cambridge, England, will receive a dupli­ when he was the first to treat leukemic pa­ States. cate 1981 Sloan prize. tients by bone marrow transplantation. At Dr. Sugimura's research indicating the It is the first time in the foundation's the time he was an associate clinical profes­ presence of mutagenic and comutagenic 3-year history that the Sloan prize is being sor of medicine at Columbia University's chemicals in common foods has obvious College of Physicians and Surgeons in New relevance to cancer prevention, should the York. substances be found to have significant Prior to this, Dr. Thomas, a native of carcinogenic activity. Texas, had been in Boston, where he re­ Detailed carcinogenicity studies ceived an M.D. from Harvard Medical evaluating the full significance of the pres­ School in 1946. In 1963, he joined the facul­ ence of such compounds in the human diet ty of the University of Washington in Seattle are presently under way. as a professor of medicine. In addition to the gold medal and cash Eighteen years ago, he received a Career award, each recipient of the GM Cancer Re­ Service Award from NIAID. In addition, he search Foundation awards was invited to has received research support since 1958 deliver a lecture concerned with the work from NCI. His grants generally focus on re­ for which the respective prizes are given. search in bone marrow transplantation and The lectures were presented June 17 in the Dr. Milstein Dr. Sugimura treatment of leukemia. His NCI grants for Clinical Center Masur Auditorium, where given to two scientists for individual re­ 1981 total $3.5 million. they will be presented annually for the next search. The Sloan award recognizes recent Dr. Thomas' subsequent research shows 5 years. contributions to the basic scientific under­ that occurrence of infections arising from Originators of the foundation realized the standing of cancer. allografting (when host and donor grafts are prestige of the awards would derive from: a Dr. Milstein received the Sloan prize for genetically different) can be significantly re­ distinguished selection panel, worldwide his development of hybridoma (hybrid cell) duced if donors show histocompatibility eligibility for the awards, the severity of the technology. Hybridoma technology enables with the host/patient. selection process and the generosity of the the production of unlimited amounts of Histocompatibility means there is close gifts. monoclonal antibodies-pure antibodies matching of host and donor human Roger Smith, chairman of the board of that are totally specific to an antigen. The leukocyte antigens (those body substances GM, is the foundation's originator. He applicability of this procedure to tumor responsible for immunological activity). hoped the prize would not only be an impe­ work has advanced the diagnostic as well as Based on his clinical research on tus for further scientific research, but the therapeutic approaches to oncology. allografting in acute leukemia patients, Dr. would demonstrate to the public that prog­ Born in Argentina, Dr. Milstein, an Thomas has recommended that transplanta­ ress is being made in the fight against can­ immunochemist, received his Ph.D. in 1960 tion take place during remission of the dis­ cer. The award, he anticipated, would also from the University of Cambridge. Follow­ ease rather than during relapse, provided encourage more public support for cancer ing graduate school he joined the scientific the patient has a suitable donor. research. □

EEO Data Committee Concludes Sessions to consider. To help them in this process, The NIH EEO Data Systems Committee, data are needed to answer questions essen­ the working group members have asked for established to develop a set of recommen­ tial to various EEO functions. These func­ comments on the EEO Data Systems Com­ dations for providing an EEO data system to tions include monitoring the Affirmative Ac­ mittee's recommendations from employees meet the needs of all NIH staff, has com­ tion Program, civil rights compliance, and who have a need for EEO statistics in their pleted its task. Dr. William C. Mohler, asso­ those responsibilities within the Division of work or who have a particular interest in ciate director, Division of Computer Re­ Equal Opportunity. The committee used a what the report says. search and Technology, chaired the survey questionnaire to evaluate EEO data Those interested in reading and com­ committee. needs. menting on the EEO Data Systems Commit­ The committee looked at policies and A working group, headed by NIH Deputy tee's recommendations, may obtain a copy procedures for collecting and retrieving mi­ Director Dr. Thomas E. Malone, is re­ from the Division of Equal Opportunity, nority data at NIH and other organizations, viewing the committee's recommendations Bldg. 1, Rm. 28-40. Send your comments to both Federal and private, to determine what and developing options for Dr. Fredrickson Dr. Malone, Bldg. 1, Rm. 132, by July 17. □

June 23, 1981 The NIH Record Page 5 Graduates and CEI Praised at Convocation Normal Males 18-90 Needed For Aging Study

Normal healthy males between the ages of 18 and 90 are being sought for a volun­ teer study on aging by the clinical section of the Laboratory of Neu rosciences, Gerontology Research Center of NIA. The study will attempt to describe what happens to brain metabolism during normal aging and to evaluate how age differences may affect brain metabolism in relation to brain function, learning, memory and prob­ lem solving. This will be achieved through the PET scan procedure which will map normal glu­ cose distribution and consumption in small, complete areas of the brain. A volunteer The following are the names, degrees, and majors of the NIH students who graduated: Virginia will be injected with a small amount of a Berger, B.A., social welfare and rehabilitation; Margaret Blake, B.B.A., business management; glucose-like substance. Alice Borders, B.A., English; Johnny Carter, B.A., social welfare and rehabilitation; Iris Fulmer, Participants should be in good health A.A., library/media technology; Frances Hawkins, B.A., history; and Mary Lew, B.B.A., business management. Other graduates are: Irene Morrison, B.S., biology; Novella Oglesby, B.A., procure­ with no major metabolic, neurological, or ment and public contracting; John Priester, M.A., adult education; Patricia Spinella, B.S., biology; cardiovascular disease. They will be paid as Emma Twyman, B.A., social welfare and rehabilitation; and Albertha Wheeler, M.A., adult educa­ normal volunteers under the fee schedule tion. established by NIH.

Thirty graduating students, representing has granted degrees to NIH employees: 294 CC and Baltimore Tests the four educational centers of the Career have received their baccalau rates through Individuals will be required to spend a Education Institute of the U.S. Department the program; 115 were awarded associate total of 5 days on an outpatient basis for a of Health and Human Services, took part in degrees; 2 were conferred master's de­ series of measurements, which include a its Seventh Annual Honors Convocation in grees; and of the graduates, 13 are men­ complete physical examination, neurologic­ the Masur Auditorium on June 8. tioned in the Who's Who in American Uni­ al evaluation and appropriate laboratory The event marked the completion of their versities and Colleges. tests designed to measure sensation, mem­ training programs and the 10th anniversary Calvin B. Baldwin, Jr., NIH Associate Di­ ory, and motor function. of the lnstitute's existence as a place where rector for Administration, praised the edu­ One overnight stay may be required at higher educational courses are offered to cational program that "has made higher ed­ the Gerontology Research Center, Federal employees by the University of the ucation possible for so many of you." Baltimore. Other testing will be done either District of Columbia. Currently, the CEI serves employee edu­ in Baltimore or at the Clinical Center. The graduates whose studies include cational needs at Parklawn, Prince George's Those interested in volunteering or such majors as business administration, bi­ Plaza, NIH, and at Southwest, near the U.S. seeking additional information about the ology, history, social welfare and rehabilita­ Department of Transportation, and the Bu­ study should contact the Normal Volunteer tion, and public management, heard several reau of Hearing and Appeals in Arlington, Office by telephone at 496-4763, or Susanne invited guest speakers, among them televi- Va. "This program has touched the lives of Feehley, collect, at (301) 396-9466. □ 16,000 employees since its inception," said Dr. Barbara L. Carter, vice president for ac­ ademic affairs, UDC. Strike!

130 Courses Offered The "Bowling Machine," comprised of Today, it offers over 130 courses at HHS Erin Crawford, Earlene Tarwater, Dave during the academic year; both during the Menter, and George Moeller, were the day and evening hours. Federal employees 1980-----81 season team winners of the NIH may receive training which may lead to a Tenpin Bowling League. The women's degree. highest average was scored by Emily The graduates also heard Dr. Thomas P. Naiman. Ralph Willfams was the men's high Murphy, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Per­ scorer. sonnel, HHS, comment that the educational □ program has done more than provide a Agronsky and Company, where his wit and place where a Federal employee might ob­ eloquence are employed when he crosses tain a college degree. swords with other journalists on the topics It has also been a place where many have of the day. His audience was amused by his taken courses in accounting, reading im­ vignettes about present and former political provement, or have obtained a high school pundits. diploma. "This program demonstrates that Mary Lew (r), CC, a magna cum laude graduate HHS has an interest in developing their em­ Poor Must Be Remembered in business management, was awarded a plaque ployees," he said. for having earned the highest cumulative grade Using his own career as an example, Mr. point average among this year's NIH graduates. The theme that the government has a Rowan told the graduates that they should place in employee educational training was always set their goals high in whatever they sion personality and newspaper columnist echoed by Eugene Kinlaw, Acting Deputy pursue in life. Commenting on the social Carl T. Rowan. Assistant Secretary for Equal Employment forces at work in America today, he said All graduates were Federal employees Opportunity, HHS, who said that the 10th that it "is important there be people at the who had pursued their studies either on anniversary of such a program as CEI top who are dedicated to the interests of their own time in the evenings, or through marked "the Department's continued inter­ the poor." a special program that provides employees est in the concept of lifelong learning in the Describing himself as "one of the luckiest release time from their jobs. workplace." men in America," Mr. Rowan told the con­ Since CEl's creation, when it was known The convocation's keynote speaker was vocation that a free press and a good edu­ as Upward Mobility College back in 1971, it cation are essential to a strong America. Carl T. Rowan, who appears weekly on □ Page 6 The NIH Record June 23, 1981 New York University Honors US, USSR Agree To Study Bone Mineral Dr. Todaro With Alumni Award Dr. George Todaro, chief of the NCI Lab­ Changes During Long Cosmonaut Flights oratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, was pres­ tomography scanner to collect vertebral ented with the Solomon A. Berson Medical By Linda Cross bone data. Alumni Award from University New York Dr. G. Donald Whedon, Director of the At the Institute of Biomedical Problems in Medical School on May 16. National Institute of Arthritis, Diabetes, and Moscow, the Americans met with their So­ The award Digestive and Kidney Diseases, traveled to viet counterparts in space medicine. The di­ honors alumni Moscow in May as scientific leader of a rector of the Institute, Academician Oleg G. who excel in the group of Americans to arrange for collabo­ Gazenko, is in charge of all Soviet medical sciences rative studies with Soviet scientists on biomedical space studies and was the scien­ and who inspire changes in bone in long space flights. tific leader for the Russian group. others to high The project involves measurement of At their invitation, Drs. Genant and Cann achievement. changes in bone mineral mass occurring in modified the CAT scanning machine at Dr. Todaro grad­ cosmonauts who have been exposed to Moscow's Central Clinical Hospital to ena­ uated with honors space flight lasting at least 6 months. ble Soviet scientists to use it to measure the from New York density of trabecular bone of-vertebrae and University Medical Soviets Initiate Visit lower extremities, bone which is more sen­ School, and con­ sitive to losses of minerals in weight­ tinued his training The meeting was initiated by Soviet ex­ perts in space medicine and coordinated by lessness. Dr. Todaro as an intern and Scans were performed on standard solu­ fellow in the department of pathology. the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Space scientists of both tions of various mineral content before the He has been with NCI since 1967, when countries want to know more about the ef­ technique was carried out on the two Rus­ he joined the viral carcinogenesis branch as fects of long-term space flight on bone, sian radiologists and the American a staff associate. Before assuming his cur­ since eventually both countries expect to radiologists. This was done to demonstrate rent position in 1976, he served as the head send missions to Mars which will take 18 the function of the modified equipment and of the Molecular Biology Section in the for calibration purposes. Viral Carcinogenesis Branch. The resulting raw data from these meas­ The NCI scientist's research has focused urements were returned to the University on the biology of cells and viruses on a mo­ of California, San Francisco, for analysis lecular level. He developed two well­ using computer software specially devel­ defined and widely used cell lines early in oped for this purpose by the Americans. his career. The results of these initial measurements His "viral oncogene hypothesis," formu­ will be communicated to NASA headquar­ lated with Dr. Robert J. Huebner in the late ters and the USSR as soon as they become 1960's, postulated that cancer-causing available. genes are in the cells of vertebrates at birth In the future, Soviet cosmonauts will be and can be activated by exogenous factors flown to Moscow where Russian scientists to emerge as viruses or ·to cause cancer. will make measurements of their bones be­ Evolutionary Hypothesis fore and after spaceflights which last 6 months. Dr. Todaro's work with viruses and DNA led him to examine the type C viruses of Agreement Signed in May baboons and other subhuman primates. His studies of the genetic similarities among As part of the protocol agreement, US­ these viral genes led to his hypothesis of an USSR Coof)'eration in the Measurement of Asian rather than African evolutionary ori­ Vertebral Bone Mineral Changes Resulting gin for mankind. from Spaceflight, signed by the participat­ A more recent theory suggests cancer ing scientists on May 22, the information cells grow uncontrollably because tumor will be sent to the U.S. for processing and Members of the American delegation stand out­ the results will be shared by the two groups cells may produce their own growth hor­ side of the Institute of Biomedical Problems in of scientists. mones. Dr. Todaro discovered and isolated Moscow. The scientists are (I to r): Drs. Whe­ a growth factor produced by the cancerous don, Genant, Ifft, and Cann. The data from this collaborative study, cells of a mouse. When this growth factor is when compared with those obtained in the washed out of the cell culture, the cells re­ months to 3 years round trip. U.S. space flights, will help to clarify wheth­ turn to their normal growth patterns. The longest U.S. flights, conducted as er bone loss continues unabated for as long He has supported and encouraged many part of the 1974 Skylab mission, have lasted as space flight is continued, or whether and young scientists, both at NCI and at other no longer than 3 months, and NASA has no at what degree of bone loss the excess ex­ research centers. He is the editor of the Ar­ plans at present for flights longer than 7 cretion of minerals subsides. days. The planned project will take advan­ Dr. Whedon noted that the results of re­ chives of Virology, a member of the editori­ al boards of five other journals, and author tage of the longest flights yet made, the search on the biomedical aspects of space or coauthor of hundreds of publications, Soyuz-Salyut series now in progress. flight may lead to a better understanding of including two books. Dr. Whedon, who supervised bone min­ the underlying mechanisms and proper Other awards Dr. Todaro has received in­ eral loss metabolism studies for the Gemini treatment of bone diseases. clude the Parke-Davis Award in Experimen­ and Skylab missions, has had prior contact "For example," he said, "NASA­ tal Pathology, the DHEW Superior Service with Soviet space scientists on their visits to sponsored studies of possible corrective or Award, and the Gustav Stern Award for the United States. protective procedures and treatments for Virology. □ He and Dr. Edward Ifft, delegation head the effects of weightlessness on bone may and State Department liaison for NASA, have significant potential application to the were accompanied by two radiologists, Drs. treatment of osteoporosis, the most com­ Harry Genant and Christopher Cann of the mon bone disease." Those who flow as Iife flows know University of California School of Medicine Dr. Whedon has published numerous sci­ They need no other force: in San Francisco. entific papers in the areas of diseases of They feel no wear, they feel no tear, Drs. Genant and Cann, who are NIADDK bone (particularly osteoporosis), human en­ They need no mending, no repair. grantees, have developed the relatively new ergy metablolism, space medicine, and ( -Lao-Tzu 604-531 B.C.) method of adapting a computerized axial musculoskeletaf physiology. □ June 23, 1981 The NIH Record Page 7 Modern Message-Supply Delivery System distribution. The system will be set up something like industrial11 engineering, or "operations research. Installed in New Clinical Center Addition Eventually, schedules will be pro­ grammed into the computer, priorities will be set up, commodity distributions lined up, and directions will be given. "Doors open automatically, lights at the intersection flash, the AMSCAR then beeps, sticks its head out, and then goes across," said John Nazario, MHD chief, when describing AMSCAR as it crosses a public corridor. The stainless steel, battery-powered AMSCAR is electronically guided, and fol­ lows up to 18 buried wire guidepaths in the corridor floor, which send out radio fre­ quency signals. The system will completely replace the distribution services supplied by the Supply Operations Branch in Bldg. 10, but that branch will still be responsible for its usual services in the other buildings. Supplies will be loaded into two types of cabinet-sized stainless steel boxes, which will then be slid onto the AMSCAR base. The box will then be lifted off the ground, the wheels will come up, and the car will take off. Buttons on the top of the AMSCAR front Only finishing touches remain to be com­ The first floor consists of the patient ac­ panel will be dialed for a specified destina­ pleted on the new Ambulatory Care Re­ tivities area, the first floor of the visitor's tion out of a possible 24. The cars move search Facility building. The $100 million center, and a two-story amphitheater which down nonpublic corridors and go to one of ACRF has been under construction since has the appearance of a college lecture hall three specially designed elevators. 1977, which on the lower levels, joins the and will be used as an all-purpose meeting older Clinical Center building built 25 years hall for various functions. ago. The second floor contains the new surgi­ "The biggest red brick building in the cal suite to replace 10th floor surgery in the world" will get its first occupants this sum­ old building, and a huge clinical pathology mer, and all moves will be completed with­ room. The clinical pathology area is a large in a year. The dedication ceremony for the open room partially divided by "doggie ACRF is planned for Oct. 22. bones" counterspace which separate labo­ New units have been created for better ratory technicians working up patient tissue efficiency in patient research and support. analyses, while still leaving the work area A sophisticated threefold message-and­ open. supply delivery system has also been in­ The intensive care unit will be located on stalled. the second floor of the ACRF adjoining the This innovative addition includes a fleet cardiac care unit relocated in the old build­ of fully automated flat car carriers ing, which is opening in July. (AMSCAR), a basket conveyor operation Over the next 10 years, all nursing units (Moseler Telelift), and a computerized will be rebuilt and relocated because of pneumatic tube system (Trans Logic). outdated facilities. When completed, 52 The B-1 and -2 levels, and the first and AMSCAR stations will serve more than 27 second floors of the ACRF open into the CC nursing units. building, but floors 3 through 13 are exclu­ Floors 3 through 13 in the ACRF tower sively in the black-mirrored tower, connect­ each contain a different Institute activity. ed to the old building by a single bridge. The west half of each floor will be occupied The B-2 level now has a media and glass­ by clinic space; the east half by laboratory ware section, a loading dock expanded to and animal facilities. four times its original size, and AMSCAR's The updated delivery system cuts down home base in another section. The B-1 level traffic, wasted time, tied-up elevators, and has a new X-ray film storage area, already lets professionals attend to business instead occupied and situated directly below the of restocking supplies. new diagnostic radiology department. AMSCAR, developed by Webb Electric Di­ The inner workings of AMSCAR-the "incredi­ The Moseler Telelift conveyor system vision, is almost completely installed. ble messenger"-lie exposed waiting to be connects the two locations. The telelift sys­ Twenty-eight cars will be in use in the new worked on. Each of the electronically guided cars wiU take three rechargeable batteries. tem runs on tracks in the ceiling, serving to building, each costing $25,000. transport patient X-rays and records be­ The system only enters the old building at tween floors. one location, and is proposed to extend to The cars wait for the next available eleva­ A central hospital supply section, serving the laundry facility in Bldg. 13. Scheduling tor, electronically signal what floor to stop as the hospital's decontamination and ster­ is the most important aspect of the system, at by a combination of lights on its side, ilization facility, is also on the B-1 level. It is so for the next 2 months, workers will be and get off the elevator and travel to the three times larger than the old central ster­ streamlining its performance to get the next open "drop off spur" to deliver the ile supply and makes use of the AMSCAR "bugs out." material. system extensively. The bottom level of the Staff workers in the 20-month-old materi­ Supplies are then manually delivered ac­ three-story visitor's center is also on this el handling department have been col­ cording to schedule. The car then goes floor. lecting data to learn the pattern of supply (Continued on Page 9)

Page 8 The NIH Record June 23, 1981 Dr. C. R. Kahn Leaves NIADDK for New Boston Position Dr. C. Ronald Kahn, internationally re­ Gordon, NIADDK clinical director; and nowned investigator in the field of diabetes David Neville, Jr., NIMH, Dr. Kahn showed and chief of the Section on Cellular and that these diseases were caused by a defect Molecular Physiology, Diabetes Branch, in insulin action at the cellular level due to NIADDK, is leaving July 1 to become re­ a change in receptors on target cells. search director of the Joslin Diabetes Cen­ His research into the mechanism of insu­ ter, and chief, diabetes and metabolism, at lin action and comparisons of metabolic the Brigham and Women's Hospital in Bos­ and growth-producing activities has proven ton, Mass. that these activities are mediated through Dr. Kahn received the Eli Lilly award for different pathways. Dr. Kahn and col­ his studies of receptor and insulin mecha­ leagues also discovered a rare form of nisms June 13 at the national meeting of the insulin-resistant diabetes which is caused American Diabetes Association. by antibodies to the insulin receptor. These The CIBA-Geigy/Drew Award, "Frontiers antibodies were then used to study recep­ in Biomedical Research," jointly sponsored tor structure and function. Dr. Kahn's stud­ by the CIBA-Geigy Pharmaceutical Division ies have also included tumor hypoglycemia, and Drew University, will be given to him both islet-cell tumors producing insulin, Oct. 20 for his work on insulin and insulin and non-islet-cell tumors which may pro­ The "brains" of a "robot-like" AMSCAR, which receptors. duce insulin-like factors leading to hypogly­ will serve the ACRF, is being programmed by "I have enjoyed very much my years at cemia. He has also investigated insulin al­ electronic technician Chuck Marlowe of Webb NIH and find it very difficult to leave," said lergy and insulin-resistance due to Electric Division, owners of the system patent. Dr. Kahn. "There is no doubt in my mind anti-insulin antibodies. These studies have that the NIH offers a unique opportunity in pointed the way to possible genetic control research training due to the large collection of the immune response to insulin in man. (Continued from Page 8) of truly distinguished scientists gathered His first position at NIH in 1970 was as back to a stand close to the elevator for a here." clinical associate and senior clinical associ­ predetermined amount of time until it is He has made significant research contri­ ate in the Clinical Endocrinology Branch. used, and if not, the car automatically goes butions to studies of insulin receptors and He later was senior investigator in the Dia­ back to home base. insulin action; insulin-like growth factors; betes Branch, and became chief of the Sec­ diabetes mellitus; hypoglycemia; and im­ tion on Cellular and Molecular Physiology AMSCAR only crosses one public corridor munity and autoimmunity in endocrine dis­ in 1979. on the 8-2 level on its way to soiled glass­ orders. Dr. Kahn serves on the editorial boards of ware. Following each soiled service, a cart One area of special interest to Dr. Kahn is five professional journals. He was the recip­ will be programmed to enter one of two the role of insulin receptors in disease ient of the 1977 Juvenile Diabetes Founda­ miniature carwashes on the 8-1 or 8-2 states such as obesity and other insulin­ tion David Rumbaugh Memorial Award for levels. resistant forms of diabetes. Scientific Achievement, and was invited to According to Mr. Nazario, AMSCAR will In collaboration with Drs. Jesse Roth, present his work at the 1980 Laurential Hor­ carry almost anything except animal car­ chief, Diabetes Branch, NIADDK; Phillip mone Conference. D casses, radioactive waste, oversized pack­ ages, explosive or flammable materials, and infectious medical or pathological wastes. Visiting Scientist Alan H. McKerrow Retires; AMSCAR will be operational 24 hours NIH Stage Band Member daily. NIH Maintenance Engineering Branch Program Participants personnel are being trained to take control Sponsored by Fogarty lnternat'I Center Alan H. McKerrow, administrative officer of maintenance of the system from the con­ 5/28-Dr. Essam Karawya, Egypt, Biosynthesis for intramural research, NIDR, retired May tractor. Rechargeable battery packs must be Section. Sponsor: Dr. Samuel Wilson, NCI, 30 after 28 years of Federal service. exchanged every few hours or days, varying Bg. 37, Rm. 4D23. Rodney Minchin, Mr. McKerrow joined the NIADDK/NIDR with cart use. Fire doors, safety bumpers, 5/28-Dr. Australia, Clinical and troubleshooting capabilities are includ­ Pharmacology Branch. Sponsor: Dr. Michael staff in personnel management in 1964, Boyd, NCI, Bg. 10, Rm. 6N111. where he eventually became personnel offi. ed in the system. 6/1-Dr. Enrica Alterri, Italy, Laboratory of cer for NIDR and the former Division of Bi­ By this fall the Moseler Telelift track lmmunobiology. Sponsor: Dr. Edward Leonard, ologics Standards. conveyor system will link some 10 stations NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 2B21. As administrative officer for intramural in the complex. Anyone will be able to dial­ 6/1-Dr. Jose Lino Baranao, Argentina, Endocri­ research since 1974, he has been responsi­ address up to 20 pounds of medical rec­ nology and Reproduction Research Branch. ble for planning, developing, and carrying ords, documents, supplies, or blood and Sponsor: Dr. Maria L. Dufau, NICHD, Bg. 10, out the administrative aspect of the NIDR tissue samples to another station 24 hours Rm. 12N216. 6/1-Dr. Yasutaka Hoshino, intramural research programs. daily. Japan, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases. Sponsor: Dr. Richard During his career, he was a university The Powers Trans Logic 20 Series, will Wyatt, NIAID, Bg. 7, Rm. 105. music department instructor, a professional service the ACRF, east side nursing units, 6/1-Dr. Hanne Johansen, Denmark, Laboratory orchestra leader and musical arranger and and central sterile supply. Up to 3 pounds of Biochemistry. Sponsor: Dr. Martin later joined the Defense Department before of computer printouts, documents, and cer­ Rosenberg, NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 2D19. 6/1-0r. Hideki Kawamura, moving to the Was)Jington area in 1964. tain other items may be sent inside the 100 laboratory of Exper­ When the NIH Stage Band was started by imental Pathology. Sponsor: Dr. Stuart Yuspa, clear lexan carriers. Tony D'Angelo in 1973, Mr. McKerrow im­ In sequence, material will be placed in NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 3A21. 6/1-Dr. Michel Kress, France, Laboratory of mediately joined the group playing trumpet the side opening of the carrier, placed in­ Molecular Virology. Sponsor: Dr. George and flugelhorn. Since the recent resurgence side the station, the station door closed, a Khoury, NCI, Bg. 41, Suite 200. of the "Big Bands," this group has found a two-digit station code dialed, button 6/1-Dr. Jean Langhorne, United Kingdom, Lab­ market for its music and performs through­ pushed, and finally the computer takes oratory of Microbial Immunity. Sponsor: Dr. out the area. over, sending the material on a direct path John Finerty, Bg. 5, Rm. 206. 6/�-Dr. Pertti Panula, His retirement begins with a 3-week trip to its destination. Finland, Laboratory of to Russia with his wife and daughter. They The installation of the three systems is Preclinical Pharmacology. Sponsor: Dr. E. are accompanying their other daughter, Costa, NIMH, St. Elizabeths Hospital. nearing completion, although future expan­ 6/1-Dr. Kambhampati Rao, India, Laboratory of Amanda, who is a representatfve of the U.S. sion is probable. They all should be in full Medicinal Chemistry. Sponsor: Dr. Victor ballet dancing team which is performing operation before the official ACRF dedica­ Marquez, NCI, Bg. 37, Rm. 6D17. later this month in the International Ballet tion ceremony. D Competition in Moscow's Bolshoi Theater. D

June 23, 1981 The NIH Record Page 9 Former FIC Fellow Wins European Diabetes Award Ken Carney and Ken Cooke Dr. Pierre De Meyts, a former visiting sci­ Dr. DeMeyts is a leader in research on Named to Executive Posts entist in NIADDK's Diabetes Branch, will be the molecular basis of insulin action and, in Kenneth G. Carney has been appointed awarded the prestigious 1981 Minkowski particular, on the physical chemistry of the executive officer of the National Library of Prize of the European Association for the binding of insulin to its receptors on the Medicine. He succeeds Philip Amoruso who Study of Diabetes at its 17th annual meeting surface of cells. left the Library in January to become the ex­ in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, on Sept. While working with Diabetes Branch chief ecutive officer of the National Cancer Insti­ 15-18. Dr. Jesse Roth and staff, he introduced the tute. A certificate and 10,000 Deutsche marks principle of negative cooperativity: in the Associated with NIH since 1958, Mr. Car­ (approximately $4,400 American) will be presence of increased amounts of insulin, ney worked part-time as a medical illustra­ presented to Dr. De Meyts for "distinction receptor affinity decreases, causing acceler­ tor in the Medical Arts and Photography manifested in publications which contrib­ ated dissociation of the complex that insu­ Braneh while attending American Universi­ ute to the advancement of knowledge con­ lin forms with its receptor. ty. After graduating, he became a full-time cerning diabetes mellitus." To demonstrate this principle, Dr. De NIH employee in 1964 as administrative as­ Meyts devised a technique that involved sistant at the Division of Computer Re­ measuring the dissociation rates of a tracer search and Technology. He became admin­ of labeled hormone in the presence and ab­ istrative officer in 1967. sence of an excess of unlabeled hormone. He has been with the Library since 1968, Using this tool, he found that the region serving in a number of administrative of the insulin molecule responsible for bio­ capacities, including grants and contracts logical activity is distinct from the region re­ management, program analysis, and most sponsible for cooperative interaction. He recently as deputy executive officer. He has showed that the receptor site also has two received a superior performance award in distinct regions. 1960 and the NIH Merit Award in 1977. The research has proved useful to investi­ gators studying the regulatory mechanisms of a number of different endocrine hor­ mones that modulate the sensitivity of the target cell to hormone action. Dr. De Meyts came to NIH on a fellow­ A visiting FIC fellow at NIH from 1973 to 1976, ship from the Fogarty International Center Dr. De Meyts is now a diabetologist at the Inter• in 1973. He received additional support national Institute of Cellular and Molecular from the American Diabetes Association. Pathology in Belgium where he established his His stay at NIH was interrupted by con­ own research group. scription into the Belgian Army in 1976. Dis­ The prize is given to outstanding charged after 15 months as a military physi­ cian, he established his own research group Ken Carney (I), NLM's new executive officer, diabetologists under age 40 who reside and discusses policy matters with his new deputy at the International Institute of Cellular and study in Europe. Previous winners include executive officer, Ken Cooke. former NIADDK diabetes branch visiting Molecular Pathology in Brussels, headed by scientist, Dr. Pierre Freychet. Nobel prizewinner Dr. C. de Duve. In addition to his work at the Institute, he Kenneth 0. Cooke has been named NLM is a senior research investigator (chercheur deputy executive officer. He has long been Dr. B. R. Line To Leave qualifie) at the National Foundation of Sci­ associated in research, starting his career as entific Research (Fonds National de la Re­ a laboratory technician at Fort Detrick's Nuclear Medicine Dept. cherche Scientifique) in Belgium.□ U.S. Army Biological Laboratories in 1961. He became a laboratory technician with the Dr. Bruce R. Line, a staff physician since National Cancer Institute in 1967. 1979 in the nuclear medicine department, is Mr. Cook began his administrative career leaving the Clinical Center this month to as an NIH management intern in 1970, and become professor of radiology at the progressed in positions as budget analyst, Albany Medical Center Hospital in Albany, NICHD; budget officer, NEI; and adminis­ N.Y. trative officer, and subsequently deputy ex­ Dr. Line came to NIH as a clinical associ­ ecutive officer of NIAID. D ate in 1974. Since then he has been a re­ search analyst in the Division of Computer Research and Technology and an associate Relax-Listen To 'The Classics' of the Pulmonary Branch of NHLBI. His research has concentrated on chronic R&W is sponsoring a piano concert on lung disorders as well as the function and Friday, June 26, at noon, in Masur Auditori­ dysfunction of other organs. He has also um. studied quantitation of regional pulmonary Geert Dehoux of Belgium will perform function using radioisotopic techniques, works from Chopin, Liszt, Debussy, Benoit gated pulmonary scintigraphy at rest and and Villa-Lobos. Mr. Dehoux received the exercise, and gallium scanning in interstitial First Prize of Scores at the Royal Conserva­ lung disease. tory of Antwerp and the First Prize of Piano Dr. Line has authored or coauthored at the Royal Conservatory of Brussels. He more than 30 clinical science papers. At the was awarded the "Prize of the King 1980" of mideastern chapter meeting of the Society the Belgium Foundation Vocation. Marianne Wagner, NCI personnel officer and of Nuclear Medicine in April 1981, he re­ All NIH employees, Clinical Center pa­ chief of the Personnel Management Branch, has tients, and families are invited to attend. D ceived the Armed Forces Radiologic Re­ been elected president of the Washington, D.C. search Institute Award for his research on chapter of the International Association for Per­ the effect of respiration and patient posi­ sonnel Women for 1981-1982. The national or­ I never considered a difference of opinion tion on liver-spleen scans determined by ganization has 24 affiliate groups iii the U.S. as in politics, in religion, in philosophy, as multigated image analysis. well as members in foreign countries. Its pur­ cause for withdrawing from a friend.­ He is a graduate from Albany Medical pose is to stimulate interest in careers for Thomas Jefferson □ College and did his internship at Albany women in the personnel management field. Medical Center. D

Page 10 The NIH Record June 23, 1981 Researchers Find Antigens Can Attract Dr. Rodbard Receives Ayerst Endocrine Society Award

Immune Complexes to Abnormal Sites Dr. David Rodbard of the National Insti­ Why does a normal part of the body's de­ were carried to normal disposal tute of Child Health and Human Develop­ fense system sometimes become a cause of pathways-mainly specialized cells, or ment received the 1981 Ayerst Award of the disease? One reason may lie in the chemical phagocytes, in the liver and spleen. Endocrine Society at the annual meeting of structure of the antigen which stimulates Others were carried not only to the phag­ the society on June 18, in Cincinnati, Ohio. the immune response. ocytes in the liver, but also to the liver cells The Ayerst award is Drs. A. Rifai and Paul H. Plotz, Chemical themselves. Still others were carried to given in recogni­ Immunology Section, Arthritis and Rheuma­ phagocytes in the liver, but were bound in a tion of outstanding tism Branch, National Institute of Arthritis, different way. leadership and Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Dis­ The investigators also found that when service to the en­ eases, have found that the chemical struc­ the antigen-antibody complex is small, the docrine communi­ ture of the antigen can attract immune influences of the antigen's chemical struc­ ty, and is accom­ complexes-combinations of antigens and ture is particularly strong. This suggests panied by a $2,000 antibodies-to abnormal sites instead of that conditions which favor the formation check. the locations to which they would normally of small immune complexes are more likely Dr. Rodbard was go for disposal. By settling in abnormal to lead to the abnormal disposition of these cited for his devel­ places in the body, these complexes might complexes. opment of a series of computer pro­ cause inflammation. Drs. Rifai and Plotz concluded that the Dr. Rodbard Drs. Rifai and Plotz discussed this work at structure of an antigen can influence where grams, for analysis the recent 65th annual meeting of the Fed­ the antigen-antibody complex goes and may of results from radioimmunoassay, eration of American Societies for Experi­ be responsible for the apparent failure of radioreceptor assay and ligand-protein in­ mental Biology in Atlanta. normal defense mechanisms, a failure teractions, and for estimation of molecular Some illnesses seem to be due to inflam­ which allows complexes to set up inflamma­ weights from polyacrylamide gel electro­ mation caused by immune tion at abnormal sites. phoresis and gel chromatography. These complexes-combinations of foreign sub­ The investigators were careful to note programs have been widely distributed, and stances, called antigens, and proteins, that their findings do not prove that antigen are now used in laboratories throughout called antibodies, which the body makes to structure is the most important or even an the world. remove those foreign substances. Immune important feature responsible for the ab­ He received his M.D. from Western Re­ complexes are a normal part of the body's normal behavior of immune complexes in serve University in 1964. He was an intern at healthy defense against infection. So why disease. Harborview Hospital in Seattle, Wash., and does this normal defense turn into a cause Their findings do, however, suggest a a resident in internal medicine at of disease? plausible hypothesis to account for some Hahnemann Hospital in Philadelphia. Drs. Rifai and Plotz developed a family of diseases and underlie the need for further Dr. Rodbard came to NIH as a clinical as­ test antigens for making model antigen­ studies to detail the structure of natural im­ sociate in 1966, assigned to the Endocrinol­ antibody complexes. Each model complex mune complexes.□ ogy Branch, NCI, and has been at NIH ever differed from the others in its antigen since. chemical structure. The sway of alcohol over mankind is un­ Working under the guidance of Dr. Griff The scientists found that the different questionably due to its power to stimulate T. Ross, Dr. Rodbard helped to develop one complexes behaved quite differently when the mystical faculties of human na­ of the first radioimmunoassays for FSH. Thereafter, he turned his attention to the injected into mice. Some of the complexes ture.-William James (1842-1910) □ mathematical principles, computerized optimization, and statistical analysis of RIA Barbara Watley, NCI Grants Expert, Retires systems. He is now head of the Biophysical Endo­ Barbara Watley, supervisory grants tech­ ration. We're going to miss her very much." crinology Section, Endocrinology and Re­ nical assistant, retired May 29 after more After attending business college in production Research Branch, NICHD. than 25 years with the National Cancer In­ Norfolk, Va., Ms. Watley began her working Dr. Rodbard's laboratory is presently en­ stitute. career in 1942 as a clerk-typist at the gaged in a wide variety of activities, ranging Ms. Watley started as a grants clerk in the Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth. She from theoretical and experimental studies former Field Investigations and Demonstra­ will retire to Norfolk. of binding of a new class of enkephalin tion Branch in 1956. Since then she has analogs to brain membranes to applications worked on most types of grants, except for of computers in clinical medicine. fellowships. □ "When I first worked there, one office got all the applications," she recalls. "We Dr. H. Yajima, Japan, Returns did everything, even paying out. There was For Second FIC Scholarship a great deal of satisfaction in seeing grant applications all the way through. Dr. Harauki Yajima,.professor of pharma­ "All the administrative staff of NCI was in ceutical chemistry, Kyoto University, Japan, one wing of the building. There was one recently returned to NIH for his second budget officer, and the Surgeon General term as a Fogarty scholar-in-residence. used to come to board meetings. Prof. Yajima is well-known for his re­ "Some people don't like the changes that search on the synthesis, structure and func­ come over the years, but I've seen young tion of peptides and protein. In 1980, he people come in, stay, and become branch achieved the first chemical synthesis of fully chiefs-which I think is pretty exciting." active ribonuclease. During this term, Dr. Ms. Watley's longest assignment was Yajima will collaborate with Dr. Darrell Liu, with Dr. Donald Fox in the Research Facili­ Bureau of Biologics, and Dr. Alan ties Branch, which administers the NCI con­ Schechter, NIADDK. struction program. He will also participate in the FIC semi­ "Barbara's work has been the backbone nars on current topics in biomedicine. His of the construction program for years," Dr. Ms. Watley (I) thanks everyone at her retire­ office is in Stone House, where he can be Fox said. "Her constant good spirits and ment party for the gold chain presented to her reached at 496-2042 until the end of Au­ compunction for detail have been an inspi- by Dr. Fox. gust. □

June 23, 1981 The NIH Record Page 11 National Gallstone Clinical Trial Indicates National Survey Tells Limited Success With 'Cheno Acid' U.S. Stroke Story For the first time, a national study has es­ The National Cooperative Gallstone Study The 750 mg dosage caused mild diarrhea tablished baseline data on the incidence found that after 2 years of treatment, only in 41 percent of patients, and it produced a and prevalence, the clinical practices, and 14 percent of the 305 patients receiving 750 10 percent elevation of the average serum the economic impact of stroke in the milligrams of chenodeoxycholic acid cholesterol level, which could impose a United States. Results of The National Sur­ (CDCA) per day experienced complete dis­ slightly increased risk of developing heart vey of Stroke, which was undertaken by 27 disease with long-term use. NINCDS, have been published as a supple­ solution of gallstones. Another percent 1981 experienced partial dissolution. In addition, in 3 percent of patients ment to the March/April edition of the During 2 years of treatment there was no treated at this dosage level, clinically signif­ journal Stroke. change in the number or severity of icant abnormalities in the liver occurred, al­ Stroke, one of the most common disor­ gallbladder attacks, nor did CDCA signifi­ though the biochemical abnormalities were ders of the central nervous system, is the cantly change the rate of surgical removal reversible in each case. third leading cause of death in the U.S., ac­ counting for 10 percent of all deaths. of the gallbladder. The study was supported According to Dr. Schoenfield, the admin­ by the National Institute of Arthritis, Diabe­ istration of 750 mg of CDCA per day may This survey of stroke was conducted by tes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Westat Research, under the direction of 500,000 have a role in the treatment of appropriate­ In the United States, about ly selected patients with cholesterol gall­ NINCDS's Office of Biometry and Field Studies. The study is based on a sample of gallbladder operations are performed each stones. year at a total cost of about $1 billion. An 2,710 hospital records drawn from 41 U.S. Treatment should be based upon an un­ estimated 5,000 patients die each year as a geographical regions for the years 1971, derstanding of the potential benefits and result of this surgery. 1973, 1975, and 1976. risks of the drug as compared to those of Basic investigations led to the earlier dis­ Specific objectives of the study were: 1) surgery, or of taking no action. covery at the Mayo Clinic by Drs. Leslie to obtain estimates of the incidence and Schoenfield, Johnson Thistle, Alan Because in earlier studies there were re­ prevalence of stroke; 2) to provide data on Hofmann and Danzinger that ports of gallstones recurring after the drug types of stroke, medical histories, signs and This was discontinued, NIADDK is also sup­ symptoms, diagnostic procedures, labora­ Rudolph alternative porting research on the effectiveness of tory tests, and length of hospital stay and toCDCA couldfor dissolve gallstones.gallstones. find ­ CDCA in preventing recurrence. survival following the attack; and 3) to de­ ing provided the first potential enthusi­ The study results were announced by Dr. velop estimates of the economic costs of asticsurgery patients withStates and abroad. Schoenfield and colleagues at the annual stroke. The early response to CDCA was about meeting of the American Gastroenter­ Findings Described the drug'sboth in the United ological Association in New York during 16-23. D However, there were inadequateformulated data Digestive Diseases Week, May Among the many findings described by safety and effectiveness.accurate the new survey are the following: The national clinical trial was of • In 1976, an estimated 411,000 Ameri­ in 1973 in order to obtain more in in­ cans were hospitalized because of an formation about the usefulness and risks acute stroke. In the same year, some trationCDCA and to put this new drug of properthe 1.7 million Americans previously hospi­ perspective. The Food and Drug Adminis­ talized for stroke were still alive. must evaluate the results • In 1976, 71.3 percent of acute stroke at­ study and make the final decision on gall­ tacks occurred in people aged 65 years whether to allow companies to market and over. CDCA for the treatment of cholesterol • The age-adjusted incidence rates of stones. for the stroke are 44 percent higher in men Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los 10 than in women. Angeles was the coordinating center • Approximately half of those who have $10 million carefully controlled clinical trial an acute stroke when less than 65 years whichThe involved 916 patients at hospital old will live for 5 more years after the sity,centers throughout the country. of stroke. In older age groups, the per­ centers were located at Duke Univer­ centage surviving for 5 more years Mayo Clinic, the Universityof drops sharply: 34.5 percent of those Minnesota, Cornell University-The Newof aged 65 to 74, 9 percent of those aged York Hospital, the University Maryland,the Cedars­ 75 to 84, and 7.4 percent of those 85 Ohio State University, the University& and above. Pennsylvania, Emory University, • The average length of hospital stay for Sinai Medical Center, and Scott White Dr. Sheldon G. Cohen, director of NIAID's Im­ stroke in 1975-1976 was 17.6 days. Memorial Hospital in Texas. munology, Allergic and Immunologic Diseases • The total costs of stroke-due to both fessorDr. Schoenfield, director of of Program, was honored recently with the Ninth health care expenses and income lost gastroenterology at Cedars-Sinai and pro­ Annual Clemens von Pirquet Lectureship because of illness-are estimated at Award. The award is given annually to an indi­ of medicine at the University $7.36 billion per year. California, Los Angeles,750 or headed375 the project. vidual who has made a significant contribution to the field of clinical allergy and immunology. • The overall rate of incidence of initial The 916 patients participating in the study stroke ilttacks is declining. were given either milligrams (mg) In his recent lecture at Georgetown University Medical Center, Dr. Cohen spoke on the Clini­ These and other findings from the survey of CDCA per day, or a placebo. All patients cal Relevance of Eosinophilia. are expected to serve as a basis for planning ingwere their monitored clinically and by blood 750 clinical programs and treatment centers tests and X-rays at prescribed intervals dur­ where stroke can be more thoroughly stud­ 2-year participation. Fore! ied and treated. In the 305 patients given mgclassified of CDCA The National Survey of Stroke is edited by per day, complete gallstone dissolution Anne Proctor scored the lowest number NINCDS investigator, Dr. Frederic D. occurred more often in patients of strokes by women in the recent Betty Weinfeld, and has been issued as Mono­ as thin, and patients with small gallstones. Sanders Open of the NIH Golf League. In graph Number 75 by the American Heart As­ In addition, complete dissolution also the male category, Thom Spencer was the sociation. D occurred more often in patients who had final winner. Team matches are arranged high serum cholesterol levels, although the for 5 p.m. weekdays until September. D *U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1981-341-134/120 reason for this is not completely under­ stood. Page 12 The NIH Record June 23, 1981