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The Significance of Dorine in Revealing Moral Values In THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DORINE IN REVEALING MORAL MESSAGES IN MOLIERE’S TARTUFFE AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By BONDAN ADHI WIBOWO Student Number: 024214040 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2008 i ii iii “Carpe diem, Seize the Day” iv This undergraduate thesis is dedicated to My Beloved Family, My Friends, And those who love me v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The first and foremost, I would like to bestow my deepest gratitude to Jesus Christ for giving me his blessing, strength, chance, and patience. Thanks for always guiding me every second in my life. Secondly, my greatest appreciation goes to my beloved parents, Heru Pramono and Pudjiningtyas, who always give me love, encouragement, and motivation to finish my study. I thank my brother Ivan Adi Prabowo for his love and support in many ways. My gratitude is also for my big family, I thank them. A special thank for my advisor, Maria Ananta Tri Suryandari, S.S., M.Ed., who has always give me her precious time in guiding me to finish this thesis. I thank her for correcting my thesis so that I could complete this thesis. Big thanks, for helping me to realize my ideas. I also would like to thank to my Co. advisor, Paulus Sarwoto, S.S., M.A for his suggestions and ideas. I thank to all lecture in Sanata Dharma University for teaching me many things. My gratitude also goes to all my best friends; Yabes, Sigit Nugraha, Fitra, Leo, David, Dimas, D N G, Yere, Jeff, Maynard, Koh Abun, Garry, Alfa, Parjo, Steva, Wawik. I thanks to all my friends at class 2002 and all my friends in English Literature department. I am proud to know them all. I thank to all Panggung Boneka’s crews.I thank Dodi, Koh Yuan, Surya, and Cipoo. I thank them for our precious moments together. I thank Priska, Saras, Angga, Wawan, Eka, Dietha, Kasdu XiX, Mas Yunus, Om Ponco, Om Sasongko, Mbak Ratna and all Plengkung Youth Community. I thank to all “Woyo” team in GKJ Plengkung vi Magelang. I thank for those whom I cannot mention one by one, for their fun lives and ideas. Last but not least is my gratitude for “Adek” a thousand thanks for love, laugh, strength, and support. I love her. Bondan Adhi Wibowo vii TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………………… i APPROVAL PAGE ……………….………………………………………. ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE …………………………………………………… iii MOTTO PAGE …………………………………………………………… iv DEDICATION PAGE ……………………………………………………. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ……………………………………………….. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………….. viii ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………. x ABSTRAK ………………………………………………………………... xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ………………………………………. 1 A. Background of the Study ……………………………………….. 1 B. Problem Formulation …………………………………………….. 4 C. Objectives of the study……..…………………………………….. 5 D. Definition of Terms ……………………………………………… 5 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW ……………………………. 7 A. Review of Related Studies ………………………………………. 7 B. Review of Related Theories ……………………………………... 10 1. Theories on Character and Characterization ……………. 10 2. Theories on Message ……………………………………. 14 3. Theories on Moral ………………………………………. 16 4. Theory on Moral Teaching……………………………….. 17 5. The Relation Between Literature and Moral ……………. 18 C. Theoretical Framework ….............................................................. 19 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY …………………………………….. 20 A. Object of the Study ……………………………………………… 20 B. Approach of the Study …………………………………………… 21 C. Method of the Study ……………………………………………... 22 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ……………………………………………... 24 A. Dorine’s Characteristics ………………………............................. 24 B. The Moral Message Through Dorine’s Character ………………. 39 viii CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ………………………………………….. 53 BIBLIOGRAPHY ………………………………………………………... 57 ix ABSTRACT BONDAN ADHI WIBOWO. The Significant of Dorine in revealing moral messages in Moliere’s Tartuffe. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2008. Tartuffe tells about a family in a kingdom where the king has been blinded by someone whom he considers a saint. He lost everything he has because of this. However, a lady-maid was able to save this family from destruction. The writer tries to analyze the characters of this lady-maid and conclude some things which can be taken as moral messages. In this thesis, the writer would try to analyze (1) how are Dorine’s personalities portrayed in Tartuffe,and (2) how are the moral messages portrayed through the character of Dorine. To do the analysis, the writer did several steps. First, the writer conducted close reading on the novel in getting deeper understanding about it especially concerned with the problems stated above. Next, the writer examined the secondary data. After getting all the selected data, the writer would start to analyze the problems and apply those related theories in the analysis. The writer would start by describing the characters of Dorine in the novel. Then, after analyzed Dorine’s characters the writer tries to analyze what are the moral messages can be taken from the characters of Dorine by applying significant theories. Then, in the last step, the writer drew a conclusion as the result of the analysis. The result of the analysis shows that the writer found five Dorine’s characters. In the play Tartuffe, Dorine is described as a brave, unselfish, calm, wise and caring to the family. Those characteristics are the characters which make Dorine able to help this kingdom family save from destruction. While the messages which can be concluded after analyzed Dorine’s characteristics are; firstly, people should have bravery so that people will firm and steady, especially when they have to defend for the truth. Secondly, people should be unselfish so that people can have a passion of belonging a family and growing the feeling of togetherness. Thirdly, people are taught to be calm in everything people do so that people will able to think clearly in solving problems. Forth, people are taught to be wise so that people will know how to do and to act. Fifth, People should care to their family so that people understand the essence of a family. From these messages, the writer concludes that the moral message of this play is that people must tell the truth in every situation and condition. x ABSTRAK BONDAN ADHI WIBOWO. The Significant of Dorine in revealing moral messages in Moliere’s Tartuffe. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2008. Tartuffe menceritakan tentang sebuah keluarga kerajaan dimana sang raja telah dibuat buta oleh seseorang yang dianggapnya orang suci. Dia kehilangan segalanya karena hal ini. Namun seorang pembantu raja tersebut mampu menyelamatkan keluarga tersebut dari kehancuran. Penulis mencoba menganalisa karakter dari pembantu tersebut dan menyimplkan beberapa hal yang dapat diambil sebagai pesan moral. Dalam thesis ini, penulis akan menanalisa (1) bagaimana karakter Dorine digambarkan di dalam Tartuffe, dan (2) apa saja pesan moral yang disampaikan lewat karakter Dorine tersebut. Dalam menganalisa, penulis melakukan beberapa langkah. Pertama, penulis melakukan pembacaan seksama agar diperoleh pemahaman lebih mendalam mengenai drama tersebut, khususnya berkenaan dengan masalah yang diungkap di atas. Lalu, penulis akan memeriksa data-data sekunder. Setelah memperoleh seluruh data, penulis akan memulai menganalisa dan menerapkan seluruh teori yang berkaitan. Penulis akan mulai mendeskripsikan karakter Dorine dalam novel. Kemudian, setelah menganalisa karakter Dorine, penulis mencoba menganalisa pesan-pesan moral apa saja yang bisa diambil dari karakter Dorine dengan mengaplikasikan teori yang berkaitan. Kemudian, langkah terakhir adalah menarik kesimpulan dari hasil analisa. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa penulis menemukan lima karakter tokoh Dorine. Dalam drama Tartuffe, tokoh Dorine digambarkan sebagai karakter yang berani, tidak egois, kalem, bijaksana dan peduli terhadap keluarga. Karakter- karakter inilah yang memampukan Dorine menolong keluarga kerajaan ini dapat selamat dari kehancuran. Sedangkan pesan yang dapat disimpulkan setelah menganalisa karakter-karakter dari Dorine adalah; pertama, orang-orang diajar untuk menjadi pribadi yang berani supaya mereka dapat tetap teguh berdiri, terkhusus dalam membela kebenaran. Kedua, orang-orang diajar untuk tidak egois supaya mempunyai rasa memiliki akan keluarga dan menumbuhkan rasa kebersamaan. Ketiga, orang-orang juga diajar untuk menjadi pribadi yang kalem agar mereka mampu berpikir secara tenang dalam menghadapi masalah. Keempat, orang-orang juga diajar untuk mampu menjadi pribadi yang bijaksana supaya mereka tahu bagaimana bertindak dan bertingkahlaku secara benar. Dan yang kelima, orang-orang diajar untuk bisa peduli terhadap keluarga supaya orang- orang mengerti akan arti penting sebuah keluarga. Dari pesan-pesan tersebut, penulis dapat menyimpulkan pesan moral dari drama ini adalah orang-orang harus mampu mengatakan kebenaran dalam situasi dan kondisi apapun. xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ”Literature is a social institution that uses a social creation, i.e. language as its medium. It is the representation which is in a large measure, a social reality” (Wellek and Warren, 1956: 94). A literary work is created by using social creations to represent the social reality. Moreover, literature can contain social aspects such as social relationship or social values in which particular social
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