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Home , Port of Southampton, Southampton

FutureStory Contents

Acknowledgements 02 Introduction

Conceived and produced by Lucy Parker, Global trade and invention Chair of Talent & Enterprise Taskforce 04 Research by Centre for Cities 06 Global trading city through the ages Design by Bell 08 A magnet for engineers Accompanying video by First Image Films 09 Gateway city

Special thanks to 10 Maritime heart of the UK Sally Lynskey, Chief Executive, Business Southampton 12 The – bringing world trade into the city Angela Wright, Chief Executive, Solent Skill Quest Ltd 16 Starting local – growing global ...and all the individuals and organisations that feature in this book. 20 Southampton’s international 22 Retail capital of the South Coast For further copies of the book or DVD please email 24 Aviation takes off from Southampton [email protected] 26 The talent and skills of the future 28 The shift to new global realities 29 – seeing a city of possibility 30  – preparing for the jobs of the future 32 Park School – educating for the real world 34 Cherbourg Primary School – inspiring creativity at an early age

36 Moving to a high-tech future 38 Southampton technology provides a winning formula 40 High-tech design 42 Scientific skills attract investment 44 Understanding the earth’s oceans from the Empress Dock

48 Building blocks for the future in association with 49 The world is changing 02 FutureStory Southampton ith growing trade going through the Port, Southampton thrived from its early days as a centre of and marine Wengineering. During the 20th century this strength in engineering gave rise to new technologies and new industries such as aviation, stimulating Its strategic location on a culture of scientific inventiveness in the city – which has an important role to play in creating value-added jobs for the region in the 21st century. – with its deep International investment has flowed in from multinational firms, like Dubai Ports, increasing capacity at the docks to meet the growth in world trade; Siemens, building state-of-the art facilities for the hi-tech research and engineering at Roke Manor; or global harbour and double – retailers coming to which has made Southampton the retail capital of the region. They all play their part in plugging Southampton into the global economy. helped to kick-start the early Southampton is the maritime heart of the UK. The growing container port, the thriving cruise business, the internationally renowned annual Boat Show, excellence in boat design, and the ground-breaking science of the National Centre, all demonstrate growth of Southampton. how the life of the city is still centred around the sea.

From the centres of excellence in marine science and engineering, to the local schools and From the , colleges training students for the leisure and industries, education in the region is adapting to build the talent and skills which will be needed to create the industries and jobs the city became a centre for of tomorrow. Whether it is a local logistics firm tracking goods from the Far East into Southampton port and transporting them to destinations all over the country, or a team of high-tech yacht trade between the South of designers working online with manufacturers on the other side of the globe, there is now a huge variety of local businesses taking advantage of new technologies and new and the Continent. opportunities to serve customers all over the world. Today Southampton is a key So everywhere you look today you begin to see the future story of Southampton. link for the UK to global With 7,700 businesses in the city providing trading routes across the jobs for over 139,000 people, Southampton is world. Every year more and the economic hub of the South Coast Over 25% of the population of Southampton has more containers come off a degree – and the University is in the Top 10 the ships into Southampton, in the UK for the quality of its research One of inventions in optical fibre which arrive from ever technology that made the internet possible took further afield. place in Southampton 04

rade routes, engineering and invention have made TSouthampton a global city throughout its history, and will give it its role in the future. Global trade and invention 06 Global trading city through the ages

Southampton has always been a trading city. Sheltered by the , with a deep and wide harbour benefiting from two high waters In the Middle Ages, England grew rich on the In the 19th century, new investment in the a day, the port was ideally placed to become a centre of commerce early trade. Exports went through Southampton Outer Dock, and the opening of the to on – opening the city up to global influences all through its history. to the Continent, and French wine was imported Southampton Railway confirmed Southampton’s in return. status as a core asset to the British economy.

In the 16th century, a new trade route opened In the 1930s, Southampton Docks saw over half with India. Trade with Venice and Genoa brought a million passengers arrive or depart; nearly half in silk, perfumes and spices from the East. of all the UK’s ocean-going passenger traffic.

By 1938 Southampton had trading links with 160 ports across the globe, in every inhabited continent

In 1936, Southampton docks saw 560,000 passengers arrive or depart – nearly half of the UK’s ocean-going traffic,70,000 of these were cruise passengers

In the cruising heyday of the 1930s, big liner companies like Cunard, and the were based in Southampton 08 A magnet for Gateway city

engineers As well as its trade links all over the world, Southampton has long been a “Gateway City” for people. With Southampton firmly on the map as a major trading port, it was natural that many skilled engineers were attracted to the city, which developed into a major shipbuilding centre.

uring the 14th and 15th centuries, the city built the ships for the King’s navy throughout the Hundred Years War, and the armies left from Southampton D for battle in France. Following the technological advances of the , shipbuilding and ship repair became a major industry, benefiting from being close to the shipping lines.

One of the most famous of these shipbuilders was the Thornycroft yard, which moved to Woolston in 1904 and remained there for 100 years, building vessels that sailed all over the world, from destroyers to ferries, luxury yachts to trading ships.

By the mid twentieth century, the majority of people in Southampton worked in shipbuilding or the docks.

Nowadays, most ships are built elsewhere, in countries such as China or Japan. But Southampton and the Solent region are still an important marine centre. And the shipping and maritime industry remain a core asset for Southampton. In addition to first-class maritime higher education offered at the city’s Universities, the Lloyds Register is moving from London to Southampton to be at the heart of the UK’s maritime cluster, and to be espite the tragedy of the closer to the industry it serves. , which set sail from D Southampton, the city has Southampton accounts for half the been the UK’s dominant passenger UK cruise market – with nearly As the port grew in status in port since the 1930s. 1 million passengers last year the nineteenth century, sailors Today, with four cruise terminals, it is from all over the world, Irish still the country’s largest cruise port; dockworkers, and Jewish and the first and last port of call for most Between 1995 and 2005, demand in European or Atlantic crossings. And the Italian shopkeepers made their Europe for cruising city is the UK base for a range of fleets, grew more than home in the city. including P&O Cruises and the x3 – and the growth is set to continue . People passed through the port to seek their fortunes in the From April 2010, the world’s largest – Independence of the Seas ‘New World’. – is going to be based in Southampton And when the UK was rebuilding all year round. It weighs 160,000 tonnes, carries up to 4,300 guests, after the Second World War, The marine sector makes up about served by 1,360 crew. Built in Finland, hundreds of Caribbean families it is owned by Royal Caribbean. a quarter of the Solent’s economy – arrived into Southampton on And it is estimated that having directly providing jobs for around boats like the Ascania and the this enormous cruise liner based 25,000 people, with at least another Begona to work in this country. in Southampton will bring up to 13,000 in supporting industries £50 million into the local economy. 010

he Port is a key asset for Southampton, linking the Tcity into national and international economies. Maritime heart of the UK 12 The Port of Southampton – bringing world trade into the city

The Port of Southampton supports jobs for 12,000 people – and is one of the UK’s busiest and most significant ports for trade in goods. It is also a key link between Southampton and the rest of the world, bringing jobs, investment and businesses into the city.

hips come into the In April this year Southampton Southampton has moved Port from all over welcomed the largest container with the times, and now has a S the world – from ship ever to dock at the DP five-berth container facility – Singapore, Baltimore, Suez, terminal – the CMA CGM the second largest container the Canary Islands and Andromeda is 363 metres operation in the UK, and one elsewhere. More than 41 long and holds up to 11,400 of the fastest-growing in Europe. million tonnes of go standard-sized containers. “It is ideally placed to act through the Port every year. The biggest container ship as first and last port of call on And Southampton is the in the world – the Emma inter-continental trade routes. main port in the UK for Maersk – which is 397 metres The port benefits from a unique goods going to the rapidly long and calls at ports like double , providing 17 hours growing economies of China Rotterdam, Hong Kong and of high or rising water giving and the Far East. Ningbo in China. a wide access window for deep draughted vessels”, says Doug Morrison, ABP Port Director, at Southampton. Since the start of the credit crunch there have Southampton is one of the top cargo been fewer containers unloaded ports in the UK – with around 40 at Southampton, but when the million tonnes of goods each year recession comes to an end and trade picks up again, the Port will once more put Southampton Southampton Port handles more trade at the forefront of globalisation in the UK. We will again see more for countries outside the EU than any and more goods coming in to the A major investment programme other UK port Port to be transported all over the UK. has gone into the port:

Worldwide, about 90% of exports are 4 new cranes transported by sea – and despite the recession, 33 new straddle carriers world trade is expected to keep growing 8 empty handlers to stack containers 8 high Owned and operated by Associated years. “I’ve seen many changes To unload the boats, the people in that time. Back in the 1970s, before wanted to switch, he had to climb down 14 British Ports, Southampton is the since I’ve been here. There would working portside today operate containerisation, you’d have a ship come his ladder, connect up the hoses and cruise capital of Northern Europe, have been about 3,000 dockers or enormous machines called straddle in from South Africa, they’d dock at 101 climb back up his ladder. He might do and a major international cargo stevedores in the port covering all carriers – which look like huge berth and they would be there for four that several times a day; down the port. In 2008 alone, over £61 aspects of the work when I began. spiders. And the massive cranes days before they would go out again. ladder, link up the hoses, climb back up. million was invested by ABP in When I was a docker I was in gangs which transport the containers Now we would turn the ship around in Then we got to the stage where he could facilities such as a third multi-deck of sixteen and twenty men at a ashore are run by the ‘leading hands’. less than 24 hours, and with more cargo just go over the top of a 40 foot frame, vehicle terminal and a fourth than we were doing in those days”. press a button and it would connect cruise terminal. I’ve seen many changes since I’ve been up for him – and we thought that was So though the heavy machinery now wonderful. Now we’re at the stage where The Port is now home to Dubai- here. There would have been about 3,000 does the work that many men used to, we just push a button in the cab and he owned DP World, which handles a dockers or stevedores in the port covering all the people who work on the docks today can carry two 20 foots together.” large portion of the UK’s trade with aspects of the work when I began. When I was have to be more highly-skilled than ever the rapidly growing economies a docker I was in gangs of sixteen and twenty before. “It’s no longer just a question of Southampton Port is constantly in of Asia. In 2008 DP World someone turning up with a lot of muscle competition with other ports for men at a time working. commissioned the terminal’s first who can lift a box from one place to customers, not just on price but on two Super Post-Panamax cranes. time working. The difference now is Geoff Ketley, the manager at the another,” says Geoff. “He needs to know the service they provide. And, as Geoff Then, less than a year later, two that you’re not in a big gang, you’re port responsible for all facets of how to operate the computers that are explains, service to a haulier means a more. These four massive new more of a single person down here. marine and landside operations in all the machines, and how to operate fast turnaround. So, for example, they cranes are able to handle the You may drive a crane on your own began at the terminal more than and respond to all the digital readouts can make a booking at a certain time of widest ships in operations today. but you’re always in liaison on 35 years ago, in 1973. He has seen they get in their cabs. As the terminal’s day and know they can pick up their a radio with the foreman or the it grow from what was a five crane evolved, the people who work here have container within an hour of it coming “Containerisation has definitely ‘leading hand’ on the ship. It’s terminal when he started to a progressed with it. It used to be that one off the ship – and it could be in London, revolutionised the industry”, says a very independent job now.” fourteen crane terminal now. “The person would run one crane with three or even before the Brian Lisk, Terminal Supervisor, throughput has more than doubled straddle carriers. Now we’re talking ship has sailed out of port again. who has worked at the Port for 37 about one person running three, or even With estimates that global trade set four cranes, which might have nine or to double over the next twenty years twelve carriers.” or so, Geoff sees an exciting future for The straddle carriers themselves tell the Southampton Port. With millions of story of the advance of technology. As pounds of investment going into the Geoff remembers, “When I first joined port, the priority for DP World is to be you used to be able pick up either a ready to cope with demand when trade 20 foot or a 40 foot carrier. If a driver picks up again.

It’s no longer just a question of someone turning up with a lot of muscle who can lift a box from one place to another. He needs to know how to The Port of Southampton… operate the computers that is the UK’s leading port for handling cars are in all the machines, and how to operate and brings all the fresh fruit and veg in from the respond to all the digital Canary Islands readouts they get in handles a large proportion of the UK’s trade their cabs. with the growing economies of Asia 16 Starting local – growing global

So Meachers now engages with provide the kinds of solutions that businesses as far afield as China and our customers require,” he explains. the US, and is involved in the whole “Bringing goods in from the Far East, process that takes goods from factory, for example, there is an 8 to 10 week to port, to ship, to Southampton, and lead time. And there’s no point in onwards, and that involves much discovering when the goods arrive The diversity of trading activity in the Port means there are more than just transportation. that they are faulty or sub-standard. So we’ve identified ways of checking hundreds and thousands of goods and products coming into Gary Whittle, Meacher’s Commercial the quality of the goods in the Far Director, says that the change in the Southampton that need to be taken on to their final destinations East, the US and Canada – using our global economy over the past 10 years all over the country. And today transportation and logistics has partnerships we’ve developed with has fundamentally changed the range our suppliers right across the world. become a very sophisticated international business. of services they offer – and where and Things like internet access and global eachers Group Holdings is a local And it’s no longer just a local business. In the global Things like internet access and global communications have allowed us to develop relationships that 10 years firm that specialises in moving economy, goods are made far away from where they communications have allowed us to M those goods around. Once upon a are bought, so getting them from production to ago wouldn’t have been possible.” develop relationships that 10 years ago time, as most family-owned, medium-sized purchase quickly and reliably is crucial – speed is of Just like Southampton Port itself, transport companies – which started off as the essence. 40% of the microwaves sold in Europe wouldn’t have been possible. continuous technical advance a coal merchant or a farmer – Meachers has, are made in Guangdong, China for instance. Those has been the key to that progress. since 1948, grown into an international that are destined for the UK need to be transported how they conduct their business. “We have computer warehouse transportation business geared around over 3,500 miles to Southampton, before being “With the increase in imported goods management systems that allow us importing and exporting goods. taken onwards to their final destinations, which and the reduction of manufacturing to manage the stock inventory for our could be anywhere from to Manchester in the UK, we’ve had to identify and customers. Web tracking so we can to Yeovil. 18

follow containers from the Far East, for example, right through to here. Tracking systems on our lorries. We make sure we automate as much as we possibly can.”

Christopher Neale started as driver at Meachers 28 years ago and has worked his way up to manager, so he’s been part of the technology shift. “For people of my era the computer is a new toy. We weren’t brought up with it; before it was all done by basic paper and pencil. It’s difficult to come to terms with to begin with, but once you’re into it you’re fine.” you get into your cab, the first thing you do is put “Our future lies in inbound freight. We’ve built “The business survives on its reputation as a service your tachograph in – and at the end of your shift, up our contacts in the Far East and Canada by provider. It’s not so much the price, it’s the service and it’s the first thing you do, take your tachograph out. marketing ourselves globally and expanding the the back-up you can give the customer that makes you It just becomes natural too you.” services we provide.” Those are the countries Meachers must reach out to for business today. stand out from your competitors,” explains Christopher. Gary says that the biggest innovation of the past three “If we were simply a Southampton transport firm Even for the lorry drivers, leaving Southampton today years is the creation of LinQ Alliance, a co-operation we wouldn’t be working with Far East clients. is a different experience of work from when Meachers between 25 haulage companies strategically positioned Instead, we’ve become a global logistics company.” started business sixty years ago. Gone is the freedom to create coverage around the UK. On a hub and spoke of the open road; days away from base with very little system, which they call ‘pallet networks’, they have Southampton Port is fundamental to Meacher’s contact. Today they go up and down the M1 to distribution centres which goods come into and are success. So they are delighted about the significant in short trips, with their working hours tracked all the then shifted out to their final destinations locally. investment which has been put into the expansion of way by the digital tachograph “That allows us to present solutions to our customers the Port, because they have the opportunity to grow Ten years ago, we wouldn’t have dealt with our in the cab. Len Winkles, a that are far more cost-effective than they used to be. on the back of it. “The future for Meachers is looking It’s all about the efficient use of the asset – which for quite bright. There are more and more people looking competitors, now we’re co-operating to provide the driver in the firm today, acknowledges his nostalgia for us is the vehicle. Ten years ago, we wouldn’t have into how they source their goods – and wanting to best possible solutions for our customer – and the old days. “Driving trucks dealt with our competitors, now we’re co-operating to reduce their own fixed costs. We can reduce the cost their customers. has changed so much over the provide the best possible solutions for our customer – of their goods to market by running their operations years because there’s more and their customers.” So small business are clubbing slightly better and by being creative about the range and more technical equipment in the cabs. When the together to work smarter in order to succeed in a more of supply chain services we offer. We’re in a difficult digital tachograph was first introduced it seemed to competitive world. market – but that creates its own opportunities.” make it more complicated for the drivers because it’s like a computer. But, in time, you get used to it. When 20 Southampton’s

international Boat Show Southampton is a great city to host a Boat Show because of its immediate Every year people from the maritime industry worldwide come to the city proximity to the leisure marine industry for the internationally-renowned PSP Southampton Boat Show. A showcase as well as the visiting audience. for the boating industry, it has become Europe’s largest boat show.

he Show takes place The Boat Show was invented in Most of the visitors to the Show are in September in the Southampton in 1969, by two adult, of course, but for the more than T Mayflower Park, and over marine-obsessed local electricians. 1,600 schoolchildren who attend each 500 exhibitors from around the “The Show started with just five year for free, it is a chance to be inspired world come to the city to be part pontoons and four boats. Last year by the industry on their doorstop. of the event. Around 120,000 we celebrated our 40th anniversary, “Southampton is a great city to host a wealthy visitors flock in to and had 2 kilometres of pontoons, Boat Show because of its immediate Southampton to see everything over five hundred exhibitors, and proximity to the leisure marine from the latest boats, maritime about 1000 boats,” says Mike Enser, industry as well as the visiting technologies, to clothing and Product Manager for the show. audience,” says Mike. So the Boat Show equipment, every year. They bring Every kind of boat is on display; has become one of the UK’s leading huge benefits to the city, in the powerboats to sailing yachts, outdoor social events, showcasing form of income and hundreds of catamarans to dinghies, the everything possible in the world of additional jobs in restaurants, investigative science ship ‘Callista’, boating, watersports and lifestyle shops and transport. to the famous tall ship ‘Lord Nelson’, pursuits for enthusiasts, novices, watersports to boating accessories. daytrippers, families and the trade.

The international Boat Show has Europe’s largest purpose- built marina, holding over 400 boats

More than 500 exhibitors from all over the world display their products at the show

The average spend at the Boat Show is more than £1000 per head 22 Retail capital of the South Coast

On Above Bar, where Southampton Daily Echo used to have its offices, the major WestQuay shopping centre is the premier shopping destination of the region.

estQuay opened its doors to the people of Southampton on 28 September 2000. The W new centre established the city as a shopping destination. Previously placed 27th in the UK as a regional shopping centre, with WestQuay open, it is now ranked in 13th place. A major asset to the local economy, it not only provides jobs for local people – up to 4,000 in the busy Christmas season – but also ensures that a lot of the money earned in and around Southampton, stays in Southampton. The upcoming extension – Watermark WestQuay – will be integrated into the historic walls of the city, and provide new outdoor shopping facilities, including a piazza, a park, and a hotel. Owned by a combination of , a British property developer with an international portfolio and GIC, a Singaporean company, the development of WestQuay plugs Southampton into global retail.

WestQuay has really put Southampton on the map as a regional destination.

“I grew up here, and since its arrival, WestQuay has really put Southampton on the map as a regional destination,” says Nicky Bromley, the centre’s Marketing Manager. “Before, Southampton shopping was classic high-street. WestQuay has attracted brands that wouldn’t be in Southampton otherwise”. 2 million people Many popular international brands names have come in to live within an hour’s drive trade in Southampton: Spanish Zara; Swedish H&M; and Gap of Southampton, creating and Hollister from America. And today people come from , , , and other a potential spend of surrounding towns to shop in Southampton. £2 billion in the city

At the end of 2008, over 21,000 people were employed in retail in the greater Southampton area The airport – celebrating the 24 Aviation takes off centenary of flight next year – is a major asset for the future from Southampton of Southampton, providing easy links for business and With many skilled marine engineers in the region, Southampton was leisure travellers to Europe. fertile ground for other innovative industries to spring up and grow. Much of the pioneering work that led to the first flights took place in and around Southampton.

he first powered flight was by Samuel Cody in 1908 at nearby Farnborough. In 1910, Edwin Moon flew his T Moonbeam II from Farm – now the location of . These early successes inspired the growth of the aerospace and aircraft industry in and around the city – including the building of the first ever prototype of the famous Spitfire aircraft and Skeeter helicopters. The airport – celebrating the centenary of flight next year – is a major asset for the future of Southampton, providing easy links for business and leisure travellers to Europe. As air travel becomes ever cheaper and more convenient, Southampton Airport expects the number of landings and take-offs to increase – from 43,900 in 2005, to around 96,300 by 2030 – an increase of nearly 120% . Today the Airport contributes £86 million to the local economy, and that is set to increase to £260 million over the next twenty years.

Today, thousands of people work in aviation and aerospace in the region. Local businesses supply materials and services to the airport. And highly specialised scientists and technicians work in aeronautical engineering, making space satellites, and the composite materials that make aircraft lighter and more environmentally friendly.

1,200 people work at Southampton airport – which welcomes around 2 million passengers a year

15 and tour operators operate from Southampton, flying to over40 destinations – and about 160 flights arrive and depart every day

The airport expects to see 6 million passengers use the airport every year by 2030, creating over 4,000 new jobs for the local economy – a x4 increase www.baa.com/photolibrary 26

s the old concept of a ‘job for life’ disappears, the Aeconomy of the future is demanding different kinds of ‘know-how’. The talent and skills of the future 28 The shift to new Solent University – global realities seeing a city of possibility

Years ago, employment at the Ford plant in Southampton would have “At Solent University we put the traditional skills against the been seen as a high-value job for life. Ford had produced Transit Vans at new – and in the context of the changing market conditions which its Southampton site at since the early 1970s. The plant itself will require a different kind of ‘know-how’ in future”, says Dr. Keith has a special place in the city’s history – previously used as an aircraft Johnson, Pro-Vice Chancellor of External Development. “People in manufacturing facility, the Spitfire was built there during the war. Southampton need to look up from the street and see their city as a city of possibility, not just as the place they happen to live.” lthough many of the vans But the automotive industry in the UK is an were exported overseas, example of the tough adjustment to global n the economy of the future, many people will find self- A production of the Transit markets that traditional manufacturing employment an attractive option. That requires an was a British tradition. They were is having to make. UK plants face increasing entrepreneurial spirit and an ability to seize an opportunity. designed and engineered in Dunton, competition from countries which can I Essex; with engines made in ; make cars much more cheaply, particularly Solent University encourages its students to do just that, through the HEFCE- and transmissions from Halewood, in Eastern Europe. And the fierce recession funded SPEED project – which stands for Student Placement for Entrepreneurs Merseyside, then finally assembled in is exacerbating the challenges faced by the in Education. Southampton. The fifth million Transit assembly plants that remain. The Transit Alex Betteridge and Mark Fox, two former Solent students, took up the challenge. rolled off the Southampton production plant at Southampton is no exception. Ford With no more than a stack of business contacts and a large dose of entrepreneurial line on the van’s 40th anniversary recently announced that it was moving drive to make it on their own, they have successfully set up a ‘mobile bar’ business, in 2005. production of the Transit to a site in Turkey, which provides bespoke facilities at events all around the country. Black Tie Bars has been up and running for three years, and Mark and Alex have ambitions to see their The dominant industries business grow. Their business today is done out of a garage on the side of a house, so The fifth million Transit rolled off the and companies of the past their next step is to get their own office premises – a big hurdle for a small firm. are having to adapt to new Southampton production line on the “We go that extra mile, putting our own stamp of quality on all our projects. Having global realities. a peer network of other start-ups to talk to, and the advice from SPEED, have been vans 40th anniversary in 2005 as valuable as any funding,” says Mark. leaving only the production of chassis cabs “It gave us the spring in our step we needed. in Southampton. So the plant at Swaythling We need to think about how we The global car market is changing – the We’ve established a core business base in is now working on a single shift, and 500 can compete after the recession, Southampton, and for what we do we are UK’s share in has fallen by 25% since 1995, workers left the factory for the last time at says Dr. Johnson. His aim is to ensure in the perfect location”. and Indian company Tata now produces the the start of May. Of the 600 remaining, Solent University students have the 17,000 students study at Solent University Nano car, selling for £1000 many fear more job cuts in the future. best possible shot at future success. on East Park Terrace. The University has a So the world is changing rapidly. As in successful maritime school – with alumni previous eras, the dominant industries and including Rob Humphreys, the world-renowned yacht designer. The practical courses companies of the past are having to adapt to at the university, such as film and media, and fashion, teach not only the theory and new global realities. And the industries and technical skills, but also encourage the students to apply their creative talents to a jobs of the future will demand new skills, real-life business environment. So, for instance, they don’t just learn how to design new talents and the ability to be flexible. a computer game, but also – and crucially – how to take it to market, and to develop a business plan with real financing potential.

“We need to think about how we can compete after the recession,” says Dr. Johnson. His aim is to ensure Solent University students have the best possible shot at future success. 30 Southampton City College – preparing for the jobs of the future

“Our young people are likely to have many jobs before their retirement age”, says Helen Mason who heads up the courses for 14-19 year olds at Southampton City College. “So we want to give them the ability to manage their own careers and a level of self-confidence, so they can sell their talents and skills to employers.”

very different from school too. They don’t restaurant or the hairdressing salon. Students will teach necessarily; they give you guidance and be employed to operate the facilities on a 52 week you go on from there and build up your own a year basis, which will give them experience knowledge from the equipment given to you.” – and the opportunity to take real references out into the workplace to show an employer. “The data suggests that people who are unskilled and haven’t got any qualifications The cruise business and the hotel and hospitality are going to find it harder and harder to get a industries have seen a real burst of activity in job. And arguably in this economic downturn, recent years. And the college sees that as an we’re seeing the biggest loss of jobs amongst important part of Southampton’s labour market the less skilled people,” says Helen. “So we in the future and an opportunity for their students to get sustainable local jobs. Principal We have to impress upon people – the Lindsey Noble believes that while some people he college is in the middle of a major “We want the students who come to the college to be in young people of Southampton especially – that see opportunities in the global economy, others are more likely to see “doors being slammed investment programme: £40 million by a place that looks and feels like the environments they they need to get qualified. I think in a global shut”, and the reason the range of vocational T 2012, which will make Southampton City are going to be working in when they get out into the economy, where you are is going to be less College one of the most impressive educational adult world of work,” explains Helen. “Employers have qualifications they offer at the college, based on estates in the South East area. The new facilities said to us that, as well as the practical and academic important than what you can do. detailed knowledge of the local economy is so are not just upgraded classrooms, but real skills, young people need the ability to get on with other important is “Because young people realise that’s workshops for everything from motor mechanics people, to communicate effectively with customers, turn have to impress upon people – the young where their future lies”. people of Southampton especially – that to nursery care, hairdressing to electrical up on time, be presentable: all things that will help them “We think we’re working with some of the they need to get qualified. I think in a global engineering; brick laying to catering. The College be successful in their lives.” most talented young people in Southampton. has a task-based learning approach, so that along economy, where you are is going to be less Staff and students at the college are proud of the award We are very, very proud of our students. And with practical skills the students improve their important than what you can do – and that’s they won recently for their innovative approach to the confident that local employers look at City English, maths, communications and teamwork what we’re trying to teach our students to nursery care courses they offer. Justin, one of the students College students as a real catch for them,” skills – all based around real world tasks. And City respond to.” studying for a Diploma qualification in childcare, describes says Helen. “So we are training local people College has invested heavily in technology, so that how different it is from school, “It’s all in an open One of the most exciting aspects of the new for local jobs. But we’re also giving them the the students can become familiar with the up-to- environment – and working in area surrounded by plans for the College is that students will get the ambition and aspiration to taken them date IT that supports the industries they are children’s toys and books really helps. The teaching is chance to offer their services to the public, who wherever their dreams will take them.” going into. will be able to come in as customers of the 32 School – educating for the real world

As you walk into , you can hear the planes overhead. The school lies under the flight path of aircraft taking off from Southampton Airport, and the school takes advantage of having the airport as its neighbour to help the students learn skills they need for the future.

“We’re close to the airport; the actual The work placements offered by the airport runway is less than a mile away. So have become prized opportunities. The what we have done is build a way of school values the fact that the site has life around our relationship with the such an enormous variety of jobs – and airport”, says Susan Trigger, Bitterne sees the placements as a chance to help Park’s head teacher. “We’ve compared their students get ahead of the game in notes with the airport and we turn out competing for good jobs in the real world. to be two of the biggest communities “And the good thing about airport skills in Southampton. I’ve got 1,400 is how transferable they are” explains the students and a workforce of about 185 head teacher. “My students can all see that on the premises every day – and the working in a community like the airport airport’s similar. And when you start would give them a real sense of purpose. looking at the people it takes to run And that’s what we’ve tried to use the link an organisation like that it really is a to the airport for. There are layers of massive range of talents and ability opportunity within the airport that all and skill. So over the years we’ve tried my students can aspire to.” “Some of our students have some quite strong views. to join those two communities Working with the airport has made “Working with the airport has made me Some Year 8’s actually wanted to focus on the pros and together a little more.” me realise that I actually want to realise that I actually want to work in a travel cons of developing an airport – environmental impact and tourism industry”says Lauren Burnikell, versus economic impact. At that time, the Port also had a work in a travel and tourism industry. a student at the school. Corrine Toyn says, proposed expansion plan, so we wrapped the two things I’ve kind of realised that there will “I’ve kind of realised that there will always together for students to investigate and visit the locations, always be a job – it’s just how be a job – it’s just how passionately you feel and present projects,” explains Susan. “The interesting passionately you feel about getting about getting it. Only you can get you that thing was that the students came to an independent it. Only you can get you that job, only job, only you can get those qualifications. conclusion – more were in favour of airport expansion But I think work experience has just because of the positive aspects they thought it brought you can get those qualifications. completely opened my eyes to how to get to their future lives and economic well-being”. With a track record of three outstanding OFSTED there and how to get that career that I want”. Ten years ago Bitterne Park was an underperforming inspections behind them, Susan Trigger believes that the Pupils at the school are also encouraged to school and, in order to turn it around, Susan Trigger set key is that her pupils now have greater self-confidence. delve deeper into the issues facing airports about creating new learning styles and new courses. One “What we’ve done is make them aspire to higher levels of today. The airport is set to grow – and while of the earliest developments was a GNVQ in leisure and achievement. And brought opportunities to them that I What we’ve done is make them aspire to this benefits Southampton’s economy, it raises tourism, with new specialist teachers leading it. It was a can quite clearly see didn’t present themselves ten years ago. higher levels of achievement. And brought issues about the potential environmental success from the start. They found that the students were The fact that it’s an international industry is really valuable. opportunities to them that I can quite clearly impact. In a recent project at Bitterne Park, Year not only achieving in leisure and tourism, but beginning It makes the whole world a very accessible place, with see didn’t present themselves ten years ago. 8 pupils were asked to research and debate the to succeed in English and maths and other related subjects. students meeting and working with teams of people who From the original pilot group of 15 back in 1999, the aren’t just familiar with Southampton. It’s important for my It’s important for my students that they know key issue – how to balance the major economic benefits to Southampton of growth at the subject boomed to 60 students taking the subject today. students that they know there is a big world out there”. there is a big world out there. airport, with the need to tackle climate change. 34 Cherbourg Primary School – inspiring creativity at an early age

Cherbourg Primary School at , near the airport, teaches 330 primary school pupils in a 1911 school building. The school’s hall is used as a dining room, an assembly hall, a sports hall, an after-school club and more – and so it was naturally chock-a-block with all the related clutter. With old lighting, and lots of different equipment, it was not one of the most inspiring parts of the school.

ver the last year the school “The area is multi-use – used for sports, has worked on an exciting after-school clubs, assemblies – everything. O project to transform the hall I knew it was very muddled to the eye, but – and bring out the creativity of the working with Sorrell enabled us to look at it Cherbourg pupils. They invited in the from the children’s perspective”, said Julie Sorrell Foundation, which is dedicated Greer, head teacher at Cherbourg School. “The to inspiring creativity in young people, children immediately commented on the poor and the award-winning architects, lighting, which adults had come to take for SHH, architects to help them. The granted, and they came up with the ideas – like children visited different restaurants, stained glass – that have turned the hall into created ‘mood-boards’ to capture the something fabulous. Now it’s still multi-use – feeling of what they wanted – and but it’s a bright and lovely place.” shared their ideas with the professional The stained glass window designs conjure up architects whose role it was to turn the outdoors, freshness and fresh food. And their vision into a practical reality. the adaptation of an old shipping container outside created new storage and solved the Working with real designers gave them clutter problem, while enhancing the outdoor The children immediately teaching space. The school has a silver a great opportunity to think about what’s Arts Mark from the Arts Council England, commented on the poor lighting, possible, not what’s probable. recognising the school’s commitment to art, which adults had come to take for drama and dance. And this project builds on granted, and they came up with that, helping the children from an early age the ideas – like stained glass – to see the difference design and creativity can that have turned the hall into make – and, crucially, to see themselves as participants in that. something fabulous.

“We try to promote aspiration in the children. Working with real designers gave them a great opportunity to think about what’s possible, not what’s probable, and they weren’t constrained by lack of knowledge”. 36

n the global marketplace, being at the forefront of Iapplying new technologies is key to success – you have to be the best to win. Moving to a high-tech future Southampton University is one 38 Southampton technology of the UK’s top universities in terms of investment in “spin-outs” – which use expertise developed in the provides a winning formula University to grow an independent company. Spin-outs are creating “The Olympics represent global competition, and the thing about global real commercial success from the competition is, you know where you stand,” says Ian Campbell, the University’s strength in areas such Wolfson Unit’s Director of Enterprise. as science and engineering, and

ucked away in a small, and Owen Clarke Noise Technology Centre, working medicine, health and life sciences. unobtrusive 1970s Design. They helped again when with wind tunnels to help the aviation For instance, Offshore Hydrocarbon Tbuilding on Southampton Ellen broke the record for the fastest industry reduce noise. Exploring, Mapping – one of the university’s University’s , solo circumnavigation of the world with the Korean government, their spin-outs which is now listed on AIM is the Wolfson Unit. The Unit’s in 2005 and when Mike Golding investment programme in the boating small group of engineers and raced into the lead in Ecover during industry, represents an emerging – uses electromagnetic imaging in the naval architects is at the heart the 2008 Vendée Globe. market opportunity for Wolfson. Ian oceans, to find new ways to hunt for of developing world-class Campbell’s job is to enable businesses The Unit’s technology has also helped oil and gas reserves under the sea – marine technology and to make use of what is available the British Cycling team pedal their industrial aerodynamics that at the university. “It’s partly the increasingly important as global way to the top of the medal table support international business connection with the university which energy demand grows. at the Beijing Olympics in 2008, and worldwide sporting success. gives us a degree of independence,” he winning 7 gold medals, 3 silver, and 2 says. “Although we have to charge for This ability to take academic Yacht work is the forte of the bronze. They’re now there to support our work, we’re not viewed as a fully Wolfson Unit, for which they the British skeleton bob team at the excellence and turn it into commercial organisation. And it’s the have an international reputation, Winter Olympics. So the scientists entrepreneurial business success connection with the university, all working on racing yachts for major and engineers in the Wolfson Unit will play an increasingly crucial that knowledge and expertise, and its sporting events like the America’s know a lot about global competition. Cup, and the Vendée Globe. When facilities, such as the wind tunnel, role in the UK’s future on a Since 1968, the Unit has helped Ellen MacArthur made her heroic which attracts business and industry global stage. industry access the cutting-edge entry into Southampton after to do their work here. research that takes place at the coming second in the Vendée in “Marine work is fully international. University. They run up to 200 2001, the Wolfson Unit’s tank If we hadn’t got involved in projects a year, from testing turbines in testing and technology services were international markets years ago, the towing tank to wind engineering is one of the a key part of the winning formula we wouldn’t be doing what we’re Southampton top in the wind tunnel. For instance, the for her ‘Kingfisher’ yacht, designed doing today.” university last year opened the Airbus 3 universities worldwide by Rob Humphreys in nearby for the quality of spin-out companies – on a par with It’s the connection with the and Stanford university, all that knowledge and expertise, and its facilities, Southampton has launched such as the wind tunnel, which 12 spin out companies since attracts business and industry 2000, and over 50 since 1969 to do their work here. Three Southampton spin outs are now quoted on the AIM exchange, and have a combined market value of £160 million 40 High-tech design

“We design yachts. We don’t manufacture anything at all. Our efforts are completely centred on the getting the design right,” explains Paul Kelly of Humphreys. And they’ve built a world-class reputation doing just that.

cutting-edge technology. “When the client was an obvious decision to go down the has in front of him a picture of what he has brokerage route.” So, as Paul sees it, they in his mind, then that’s where the value is; have the whole package of services now. our ability to understand what he wants and And their customers come from all over the ou just have to look at the When Rob Humphreys founded his business translate it into reality.” And superb technical world. They have boats racing in , marina in Ocean Village to see in the 1970s, the designs were all hand-drawn performance is the key. So they have a close the Far East, the Mediterranean, Scandinavia how important sailing is to on paper. But now, as in every business, working relationship with the Wolfson Unit, Y and the US. “We’ve seen a big surge in Southampton and the surrounding area. technology has moved everything on. 3D just near by, which gives them access to tank international sales; not just in our business, Among the many small businesses which design is developed on specialised software testing facilities and engineering expertise. but all the designers and brokers have” says make up the marine industry in the region is packages, which all the designers and Paul. And even though the credit crunch has Humphreys Yacht Design, a family business architects have trained up to use. And with the Technology has moved everything on. In a dampened the expansion somewhat for just in nearby Lymington which has been going tap of a button, in a nanosecond, their design nanosecond, their design plans arrive on the now, they are confident about the future two strong for over 30 years. plans arrive on the other side of the world, New other side of the world to be manufactured. or three years out. “You’ve got these emerging Zealand, or elsewhere, to be manufactured. A famous success for the firm was designing nations. China – they’re one of the richest ‘Kingfisher’, the racing yacht that Ellen All the manufacture is tendered out to other Jo, Rob Humphreys’ wife, added an interior nations in the world. You’ve got a lot of MacArthur sailed around the world. countries, as Paul explains, “The benefit of design aspect to the services they offer. And entrepreneurs coming out of China, who “She made history and we’re privileged to that is really to the owner; the person who is recently the firm established a brokerage arm are spending money. You’ve got the Russians be part of that.” Their most recent high- paying for the boat to be built. We could get it to help people trade their boats second hand, who are spending money.” profile project was Team Russia for the built here in the UK, with local labour costs, which Paul heads up, “We’ve got 3,000 boats So with a tiny team of only seven people, Volvo Ocean Race. “These boats are just or we could go to somewhere like Turkey, or out there sailing. And we used to get lots of high-tech design skills, an entrepreneurial high-powered machines. And the emphasis is Poland where the labour is half the price. people calling us up to ask advice about the attitude to inventing new services – and a on performance, rather than comfort” says And the quality is arguably as good.” boats before they bought them. We felt that network of relationships all over the world Paul, “The website had something like 130 we were missing a trick, when we saw all these So the value that the team at Humphreys – Humphreys has a winning formula for million hits in the first two weeks – and so people out there re-selling our designs. So it offers their clients is in their design skill and success in the global marketplace. that’s our boat out there on the world stage.” 42 Scientific skills attract investment

Outside Southampton, near , is a 19th century manor house Roke Manor is a story of a strong local approach to that at the moment is, called Roke, set in 22 acres of countryside. Here, a team of 400 base operating with global reach. “To continue to attract the best talent engineers apply their technical knowledge to solve difficult problems in One of the key advantages of being that we can through the recession. radar and wireless technologies, electronics and mobile communications, in Southampton, according to Roke, We have a centre of engineering and software engineering. is the pool of talent it offers and the excellence in Southampton, and excellence of the local technology we have very good local contacts and engineering base. And with schools. We want to ensure we Southampton is great for transport continue to get the best talent, so that oke was founded by Plessey in 1956 and links, whether that is for customers in when we come to the other end of the sold to Siemens in 1991. In a real vote of London or visits to their parent recession we’re well placed to grab the Rconfidence in the strength of the talent company in Germany. new opportunities as they arise”. and skill base in the team working at Roke Manor, in 2001 Siemens invested £10 million in the centre to upgrade the facilities, including a 4000 square We want to ensure we continue to get the best metre new purpose-built laboratory making talent, so that when we come to the other end of Roke the jewel in the crown among Siemens’ the recession we’re well placed to grab the new technology centres. opportunities as they arise. Renowned for its highly inventive engineers, Roke holds over 350 patents covering a variety of technologies and solutions and in 2005 it was the highest ranked UK On the other hand, as Brett explains, Roke provides their customers with a company for the number of patents filed. “The globe is shrinking. We have a wide range of innovative technology Innovations coming out of the centre include the much better opportunity in Roke for different industries ranging original concept for the ‘Hawk-Eye’ system, which today to apply our technology to from finance and transport to accurately tracks the flight of a cricket or ball emerging markets such as China.” telecommunications and security. – and revolutionised television coverage of the sport. Alastair Cook, who leads industrial This technology spans wireless They have invented an award-winning self-powered and medical activities for Roke, adds, communications, information mine detector – which has helped to address “Working for Siemens gives us great systems and sensors and can be found humanitarian problems in countries like Angola, visibility of the changing nature of in such diverse products as mobile Somalia and Cambodia. global markets. Regional markets handsets, radars and RFID readers. alone are no longer so important Roke has also played a key role in Brett Harker is a Senior Consultant Engineer at Roke to companies as large as Siemens. delivering complex systems solutions working on radar technologies. His current project is the Major decisions on investment and – such as systems for congestion design of a remote monitoring system for measuring the procurement, in the medical world charging in large metropolitan areas, vital signs of patients in hospitals, using radar sensor or defence markets for instance, are to monitoring the height of aircraft technology. It detects very small movements in the chest made across continents. In future across European airspace. Their wall so, for example, allowing medics to measure the heart we’re going to need to keep track business is to apply cutting-edge rate or breathing rate of a burns patient who could not of many new discoveries and technology to practical problems – tolerate probes in contact with their skin. “That we are investments that are being made summed-up in their slogan actually saving lives gives me a big sense of pride and a Roke is ‘the jewel in the across the globe.” ‘First, Fast, Difficult’. huge sense of purpose” he says. “A reason for coming to crown’ among Siemen’s The ability to invent ground-breaking work is that we develop equipment and technology that technology centres, combining has a direct influence on the people who use it.” technologies is crucial to Roke’s highly inventive engineers future. David McDonald, Business with a commercial ethos. Sector Director, says that their 44 Understanding the Debora Iglesias-Rodriguez is one They feel their work is particularly future.” One of Dr Rodriguez’s of the many top class scientists important today because of how specialist areas of expertise is earth’s oceans from from all over the world who have they might be able to contribute ‘bioluminescence’ and the study been attracted to work at the new understanding on global of phytoplankton. Most of us Centre, “I could be in many warming. “We’re trying to find probably do not give a thought the Empress Dock places in the world, but in my out how climate change is going to the existence of the ocean’s view in Europe the National to affect the earth. Most people plankton. But to Dr. Rodriguez At the heart of Southampton Port is the National Oceanography Centre, Oceanography Centre in think of forests as the major and her team, the study of how Southampton is the best carbon sinks on earth. But these miniscule creatures one of the world’s leading centres of ocean and earth science, where over institution if you are an 500 scientists are exploring some of the most important questions facing oceanographer,” she says. Part of The oceans cover 70% of the earth and our world in the 21st century, such as how global warming is affecting the draw for her is the dynamic yet only 1% of the deep ocean floor has been the oceans, and why the glaciers are melting. mix of scientists at the centre; investigated in detail. chemists, physicists, biologists, geologists, along with engineers. the oceans have a greater photosynthesise and utilise carbon “This is a great time to be an contribution, so it’s really dioxide offers the opportunity oceanographer because we have important to understand how to understand more about the access to incredible technology.” they might change in the planet’s natural environment.

“Working here is a dream job,” The centre is a leader in the building says Professor Ed Hill, Director of of unmanned submersibles, vehicles the Oceanography Centre, “This which can study the deeper oceans is the UK’s largest oceanographic on missions into places you would research institution – one of only a never be able to get a research vessel. handful of organisations like this Early this year, a team, working with worldwide capable of undertaking colleagues from the US, sent one of research across the entire marine these unmanned vehicles underneath environment. The oceans are a vast an ice shelf in Antarctica – the Pine and largely unexplored part of Island Glacier – to understand more the earth’s system, and they’re about how the ice is melting and what absolutely vital to understanding is really going on under there. “The how the earth works. 97% of the vehicle undertook six autonomous living space on earth is made up missions. 500 kilometres under the of the oceans.” ice. It’s the first time that this has ever been done and a unique technological achievement,” says Professor Hill. 46

The world faces many challenges and trade time with each other, which students studying all aspects of the enables us to operate in remote parts ocean. Professor Hill says, ‘People are the solutions to many of these may lie in of the world without having to take very proud to work here and I think a greater understanding of the oceans. our own research vessels to distant people in Southampton are proud of They are a vast natural resource which, if parts of the globe. It saves time the centre as well. But it’s also very exploited in a sustainable way, will help and cost, and helps to reduce important that it is part of the wider us into the future. environmental impact.” marine cluster of businesses and enterprises within the city. There’s Even the commercial shipping lines The research happening at the centre quite a concentration of knowledge- have got involved with the centre, is truly ground breaking. The oceans based industries and agencies in because what is happening to the cover 70% of the earth and yet only Southampton which really put the marine environment clearly affects 1% of the deep ocean floor has been city on the map as a centre of them too. Professor Hill detects investigated in detail. Over recent maritime excellence. an increasing recognition of the years, researchers at the Centre have value of their work and says that, “The world faces many challenges and discovered new species including “Commercial traffic can routinely the solutions to many of these may giant sea spiders and carnivorous cover the oceans in a way that lie in a greater understanding of the sponges in the Antarctic; they have research vessels can’t”. Some oceans. They are a vast natural resource explored how dust from the Sahara commercial ships, such as P&O’s which, if exploited in a sustainable way, desert affects the seas and their Pride of Bilbao, now carry specialised will help us into the future.” ability to remove harmful CO2 from monitoring equipment and feed data the atmosphere; and they have back to the Oceanography Centre. undertaken the deepest ever ocean- drilling off the coast of Japan to better One of Professor Hill’s ambitions is understand how earthquakes happen. “to make this national treasure more visible”. Every year, during Science “The oceans know no boundaries. Week, thousands of visitors come And they are too vast for any one through the centre. The centre runs institution or any one country to programmes which take school The centre’s Royal Research Ship James Cook has make a major impact on, so the study teachers out on their research vessels of the oceans has to be collaborative,” 8 science labs and can take up to 31 scientists and to inspire them and help them says Professor Hill. There are about six to some of the world’s most challenging environments, communicate the excitement of the 23 crew or seven institutions of similar scale marine sciences to their students from tropical oceans to the polar ice sheets across the world in the US, Japan, back at school. Germany, France and Australia and Southampton’s Oceanography Centre The National Oceanography Centre Two Autosubs – unmanned submarines pioneered in works on international collaborations is located right in the port, by the with all of them. ocean and close to the University Southampton – can work at depths of 1500 and 6000 metres of Southampton, which has a The centre has research vessels which below the ocean respected reputation for marine operate globally, and they run a science. So the centre brings together successful barter arrangement with a critical mass of the UK science P&O’s Pride of Bilbao is fitted with aFerry Box that other countries’ vessels. “So no community in ocean research and money changes hands”, explains constantly measures the temperature, levels of salinity, phytoplankton engineering, and acts as a magnet Professor Hill, “but each country has and CO2 as the ship travels through the for world-class scientists and 700 Bay of Biscay a points system for their ships and we 48 Building blocks The world for the future is changing

outhampton has always been a city linked The last half-century has seen to the global economy. Many industries and unprecedented growth in international S businesses have grown up around the port over the centuries. Some, like shipbuilding, have moved commerce. Total world trade in 2000 elsewhere. Others, like global trade and hi-tech was 22 times the level seen in 1950. engineering, are serving world markets. Like the rest of the UK today, the city is going through a tough Falling telecommunications costs have recession. But looking ahead, one thing is clear. The work that we do, the way that we live and the cities we live in, driven globalisation: in 1927 the first are all changing. transatlantic phone call from International trade and investment flows into and through Columbia, Missouri to London lasted the city, which is the economic hub of the South Coast. And over the past twenty years, it has become more and more 6 minutes and cost $162 – it can now plugged into the new global economy. Literally hundreds of be done for free over the internet. small companies are stepping up to serve global customers and work with global supply chains. It is these businesses which are the heart of the local economy. In a ranking of the world’s top At the same time, there are fewer of the basic manufacturing companies, the UK has 3 in the top 25. jobs that were once its mainstay. So even the companies based Last year, China had no companies in here for decades or more, becoming a familiar part of the landscape, are adapting fast to new global realities. the top 25 – it now has 4.

Because the jobs of the future in Southampton will not be the same as the jobs of twenty years ago, or even the jobs of today, Investment now operates at a global it will be vital to cultivate the sources of high-skilled, high- scale. In 2007-8 there were 1,573 value, and high-technology jobs and businesses that bring talent and investment into the city, and help put it on the investments into the UK, creating world stage. more than 120 new jobs a day. Building up home-grown talent will be the surest way to win in a world where the new industries and new opportunities will depend on skills and creativity, service and enterprise, technology and innovation.

And, all over the city today, it is already possible to identify what the building blocks of the future will be.